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foreign men with the permission of the government and any foreigner who, without the permission referred to above, will marry an
Iranian woman, will be sentenced to one year's imprisonment of up to three years. And the government's important marriages are prohibited. Under Iranian law, Afghan women who marry men in Iran are considered citizens of Iran under Article 976 of the Civil Code and can take Iranian citizenship and their children enjoy the conditions of an Iranian citizen, but if Afghan men marry Iranian women to men Citizenship of Iran does not belong and according to Article 979 of the Civil Code they can only apply for citizenship. Children from foreign marriages with Iranian women up to 18 years of age are considered to be their fathers, and if their fathers lack a degree of residence, they will encounter limitations for people without a degree in Iran. These children can apply for citizenship at the age of 18 years.
709:, half of Iran's foreign investors are Afghans. With a population of 2 million, they have about 10% of the labor market in Iran. Their presence has led to protests by Iranian workers. The Iranian government has also imposed a number of restrictions, including the ban on the use of foreign workers in governmental and non-governmental organizations, and called on all government agencies, non-state actors, companies and contractors to provide their needed labor to Iranian workforce, with numerous penalties, including imprisonment and a fine for the offending employers. However, many employers prefer to hire Afghans due their low wage expectations, lack of insurance requirements, and their high productivity.
600:. Afghans in Iran have moved closer to mainstream Iranian values in this regard; the Iranian influence has even filtered back into Afghanistan. One study in Khorasan has found that while overall fertility rates for Afghan migrant women are somewhat higher than those for Iranian women there—3.9 vs. 3.6—the similarity hides significant age-related differences in fertility, with older Afghan migrant women having a far higher number of children than older Iranian urban women, while younger Afghan migrant women's number of children appears to be approaching the far-lower Iranian urban norm. Contraceptive usage among the same study group was 55%, higher than for local Iranian women.
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2029:, in which the character of the title, a former cycling champion of Afghanistan, gives a demonstration in his town's square whereby he rides his bicycle without stopping for seven days and seven nights, with the aim of raising money for life-saving surgery for his wife. In the end, even after seven days, he continues to pedal endlessly, too fatigued to hear his son's pleas to get off his bicycle. One scholar analyses the film as an
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1450:), in the rest of the provinces, they only have the right to reside in some cities. Fatemeh Ashrafi, the reason for the restrictions on the movement of Afghan refugees in Iran, allowed the Iranian government, in accordance with the 1951 Convention, to protect refugees from limiting the displacement of foreign immigrants in their country based on national interests and security issues.
611:, the children of such marriages are not recognized as Iranian citizens, and it is also more difficult for the men to gain Iranian citizenship than for Afghan women married to Iranian men. As of 2019 this law has changed and Iranian women in mixed marriages can transfer their Iranian nationality to their children, regardless of the nationality of the child's father.
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291:(UNHCR), there are approximately 3 million Afghan citizens in Iran as of January 2023, most of whom were born and raised in Iran during the last four decades. They are under the care and protection of the UNHCR, and are provided time-limited legal status by Iran's Bureau of Aliens and Foreign Immigrant Affairs, without a path to obtain
488:(UNHCR) estimated that there were around 2.8 million Afghans in Iran. Just 10% were housed in refugee camps; most settled in or near urban areas. For their efforts in housing and educating these refugees and illegals, the Iranian government received little financial aid from the international community. With the fall of the
496:. During these years, there were many reports of cases of Afghans being harassed by Iranian law enforcement officers. Legal residents had their identity cards confiscated and exchanged with temporary residency permits of one-month validity, at the expiry of which they were expected to have left Iran and have repatriated.
671:
shot at a vehicle carrying
Afghans, resulting in three deaths. These incidents led to protests in Afghanistan. The Iranian government has also failed to take necessary steps to protect its Afghan population from physical violence linked to rising anti-refugee sentiment in Iran, or to hold those responsible accountable.
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Based on the 2016 census, about 46% were under 20 years old and about 67% were under the 30 years old. Given the 40-year presence history, many of them were born in Iran. The Afghan refugee population were younger than the indigenous population of Iran (31% of
Iranians were under the age 20, and 49%
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in the last decade. Iran imposes the death penalty even for minor drug-related offenses, such as possession of only 30 grams of amphetamines. Afghans nationals are completely prohibited in 15 provinces, and partially prohibited in the other 12 provinces. The
Iranian government decided to restrict the
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took place around the same time as the influx of masses of Afghan migrants to other countries, fleeing the plagues of problems in their own country. Iran started recognising those
Afghans listed as migrants workers or refugees as legals. They issued them "blue cards" to denote their status, entitling
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in that country. Violence and racism against them has been steadily increasing in the last two decades. It was reported in May 2020 that up to 50 Afghan migrants who crossed into Iran illegally were beaten and thrown in a river, of which half did not survive, while in another incident
Iranian forces
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In 2020, a new policy allowing
Iranian women to pass down their citizenship to their children at birth started to effect. As of mid-November, about 75,000 people had applied for citizenship under the new law, while 120 thousand children were born to Iranian fathers and Afghan mothers and already had
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More broadly, the same conservative men who resisted aggressive attempts by communist governments in
Afghanistan to expand women's education and their role in the economy are now faced with the very changes from which they had hoped to shield their families. This shift in family and gender roles was
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living in Iran and
Pakistan have returned to Afghanistan. In 2012, around 173,000 of them were forcefully returned. Over 103,086 more were deported in 2013. Many of the deportees complained of torture and other abuses by Iranian authorities. In October 2020 there were 780,000 registered citizens of
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According to statistics released in the year 1995, nearly 24,000 marriages of
Iranian nationals have been recorded in Iran, and it is anticipated that nearly the same amount of legal marriage has been recorded. According to Article 1060 of the Civil Code of Iran, the marriage of Iranian women to
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reports that many undocumented Afghan children face bureaucratic obstacles that prevent their children from attending school, in violation of international law. Iranian law limits Afghans who have permission as refugees to work to a limited number of dangerous and poorly paid manual labor jobs,
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in Tehran, said the current bias against foreigners is in part rooted in a nationalist hysteria that followed the revolution and the eight-year war between Iran and Iraq. "Iran was at war with Iraq, and Iraq was supported by many foreign nations," he said. "So the Iranian government was very
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There have been widespread reports of Iranian mistreatment of Afghan migrants and their human rights, and the community is very marginalized. In 2006, about 146,387 undocumented Afghans were deported. Many more continue to experience such events. In 2010, six Afghan prisoners were
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According to the latest figures communicated by the Government of Iran, 800,000 refugees live in Iran, of which 780,000 are Afghans and 20,000 are Iraqis. Additionally, it is estimated that some 2.1 million undocumented Afghans and nearly 600,000 Afghan-passport holders live in
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states to save money for marriage and become independent; such work has even come to be seen as a "rite of passage". Such migration intensified in the early 1970s due to famine, and by 1978, there were an estimated several hundred thousand Afghan migrant workers in Iran.
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them to free primary and secondary education, as well as subsidised healthcare and food. However, the government maintained some restrictions on their employment, namely prohibiting them from owning their own businesses or working as street vendors.
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Afghan refugees have come to Iran since the 1980s, including children and adolescents. Many were born in Iran over the last 30 years but were unable to gain citizenship due to Iranian immigration laws. The refugees include
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until Durrani's death. During the early 19th century, the Persian army invaded Herat several times but with British assistance the Afghans quickly expelled them. Communities made up of 2,000 and 5,000 households of ethnic
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Afghan migrant workers, pilgrims and merchants, who settled in Iran over the years, had by the early 20th century, become large enough to be officially classified as their own ethnic group, referred to variously as
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The new policy particularly affects the children of Iranian women who have married Afghan men. While Iran's nationality laws predate the 1979 Islamic revolution, Mohsen Kazempour, a co-founder of the
468:, which erupted in 1979, was the beginning of a series of major waves of refugee flight from Afghanistan. Those who came to Iran often augmented the ranks of migrant workers already there. The
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As neighboring countries with cultural ties, there has been a long history of population movements between Iran and Afghanistan. Southern Afghanistan was contested between the Persian
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According to recent statistics, a total of 5,399 foreign nationals were in Iranian prisons. Of this, 2,240 had been convicted of drug related offenses, 1,323 of theft and 989 of
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Glazebrook, Diana; Abbasi-Shavazi, Mohammad Jalal (2007), "Being Neighbors to Imam Reza: Pilgrimage Practices and Return Intentions of Hazara Afghans Living in Mashhad, Iran",
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Every year large number of Afghans return to Afghanistan from neighboring Iran and Pakistan. Some are deported for overstaying or getting in trouble with the law.
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and others at 24%. According to the deputy director of the General Directorate for Foreign Affairs, approximately 70% of foreign nationals living in Iran are
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1771:, 120,000 Afghans in Iran have health insurance. Over 40,000 of them are enrolled in Iranian schools and universities. Their education in Iran is free.
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stated that 2.5 million Afghans resided in Iran, which includes the registered and illegals as well as those who were admitted to the country with
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of Iranians were under the age of 30). One of the main reason is the high birth rates and the low age of marriage in this population.
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682:. It was reported in 2010 that around 3,000 Afghan prisoners faced the death penalty in Iran. A number of them have been executed by
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Zahedi, Ashraf (2007), "Transnational Marriages, Gendered Citizenship, and the Dilemma of Iranian Women Married to Afghan Men",
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Tober, Diane (2007), "'My Body Is Broken Like My Country': Identity, Nation, and Repatriation among Afghan Refugees in Iran",
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Abbasi-Shavazi, Mohammad Jalal; Glazebrook, Diana; Jamshidiha, Gholamreza; Mahmoudian, Hossein; Sadeghi, Rasoul (April 2008),
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Piran, Parviz (2004), "Effects of Social Interaction between Afghan Refugees and Iranians on Reproductive Health Attitudes",
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Based on the 2016 Iranian census, 845,267 (53%) of the Afghan national population in Iran were men and 738,712 (47%) women.
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Hoodfar, Homa (2008), "The Long Road Home: Adolescent Afghan Refugees in Iran Contemplate 'Return'", in Hart, Jason (ed.),
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Since the 1980s, a number of Iranian movies set in Iran have featured Afghan immigrant characters. One early example is
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In August 2024 Iran ordered all Afghanistani undocumented citzens return to their country before a one year deadline.
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which parallels the exploitation that Afghan refugees suffer from in Iran and from which they are unable to escape.
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Afghanistan residing in Iran. Most of these were born and raised in Iran during the last four decades. In 2015,
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3325:"Human rights in Iran are still atrocious: While Iran reopens to the West, repression still prevails at home"
444:. The modern day Afghan–Iranian border gradually began to take shape in the second half of the 19th century.
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Residence of Afghan refugees is prohibited in 15 provinces of Iran, except in the other three provinces of
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The red areas here are where Afghan citizens do not have freedom of movement or allowed to reside there.
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589:. One UNHCR paper claims that nearly half the documented refugees are Hazara, a primarily Shi'a group.
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has acknowledged that approximately 3 million Afghan citizens still remain in Iran as of January 2023.
3064:"Breaking with some Mideast neighbors, Iran now lets mothers give their citizenship to their children"
3039:"Breaking with some Mideast neighbors, Iran now lets mothers give their citizenship to their children"
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3718:"Fertility and Family Planning Among Immigrant Afghan Women in an Iranian City: A Research Note"
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Siavoshi, Sussan (2022), "Afghans in Iran: the state and the working of immigration policies",
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provinces of Iran, their vassal for some years. The region remained a vassal territory of the
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3024:"Iranian women win citizenship rights for children of mixed marriages - The Washington Post"
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2212:"Iran's Interior Minister - The presence of more than 5 million Afghan immigrants in Iran"
521:. Over 600,000 Afghans living in Iran have returned to Afghanistan in 2022. Afghanistan's
407:. A few years after Nader Shah's death, Durrani and his Afghan army made Nader's grandson
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This article is about citizens of Afghanistan living in Iran. For Pashtuns in Iran, see
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Some Afghan men married Iranian women during their residence in Iran; however, under
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3678:(2004), "Families on the Move: the Changing Role of Afghan Refugee Women in Iran",
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Iran Foreign Policy & Government Guide (World Business Law Handbook Library)
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government of Afghanistan in 1992, Iran began efforts to encourage refugees to
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3108:"Protesters take to the streets to condemn killing of Afghan migrants in Iran"
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presence of Afghan citizens in the provinces via provincial executive orders.
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concerned about the penetration of secret agents in the government or army."
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Most of the early academic attention on these new immigrants was focused on
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Although Iranian authorities have made efforts to educate Afghan children,
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induced by the experience of living as refugees in largely Muslim society.
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in the streets of Iran, which sparked angry demonstrations in Afghanistan.
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3352:"Unwelcome Guests: Iran's Violation of Afghan Refugee and Migrant Rights"
3090:"Afghanistan Investigating Claims Migrants Were Killed by Iranian Guards"
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2488:"UNWELCOME GUESTS: Iran's Violation of Afghan Refugee and Migrant Rights"
2466:"Afghan nationals responsible for half of Iran's 2022 foreign investment"
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2509:"No country for minorities: the inequality of state repression in Iran"
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2555:"More than 700K Afghans Returned from Pakistan, Iran in 10 Months: UN"
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272:. The first wave of Afghans crossed into Iran after the start of the
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Adelkhah, Fariba; Olszewska, Zuzanna (2007), "The Iranian Afghans",
3493:"Children Deported From Iran Struggle With Separation From Families"
3370:"Afghanistan situation: Emergency preparedness and response in Iran"
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Years of Conflict: Adolescence, Political Violence and Displacement
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Second-generation Afghans in Iran: Integration, Identity and Return
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Moghadas, Ali Asghar; Vaezzade, Sajede; Aghajanian, Akbar (2007),
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Gender Combination of Afghan Refugees in Iranian Provinces (2016)
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3281:"BBC News – Afghans protest against 'refugee executions' in Iran"
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2243:"Iran provides residency permits to one million Afghan refugees"
456:. Young Hazara men have embraced migrant work in Iran and other
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411:, ruler of the small remaining Afshar territory comprising the
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Abbas Hajimohammadi; Shaminder Dulai, eds. (6 November 2014).
3442:"Iran to Provide scholarships to Afghan students, Ambassador"
2852:"130,000 Afghan Refugees Deported From Iran So Far This Year"
224:
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Photo essay by Samad Ali Moradi of Afghans in Iran (1993–96)
3550:"refugee and returnee chapter response strategy 12 mar 2017"
2623:"Afghan refugees worry as Iran continues forced deportation"
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3416:"Iranian university to grant more scholarships to Afghans"
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using birth control violates the tenets of their religion
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3127:"What does the future hold for Afghan refugees in Iran?"
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2437:"Iranian university grants scholarships to Afghan girls"
596:; however, in Iran, attitudes are far different, due to
371:, which was re-taken by the Persians in 1650 during the
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Distribution of Afghans in Provinces of Iran (2016)
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the country's extensive promotion of family planning
3183:"Executions of Afghans reviving resentment of Iran"
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2036:Other notable films with Afghan characters include
53:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
18:
Pashtun diaspora § Pashtuns in the Middle East
3263:"Iran: Execution of juvenile scheduled for Monday"
2716:Conflict in Afghanistan: a historical encyclopedia
2580:"Iran daily deports thousands of Afghans to Herat"
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3635:, Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit, UNHCR
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3520:"Migration in Afghanistan A Country Profile 2011"
2922:"727,000 Afghans return in past 10 months: UNFPA"
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319:, half of Iran's foreign investors are Afghans.
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3088:Mashal, Mujib; Timory, Asadullah (2 May 2020).
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2406:"Iran: Afghan Refugees and Migrants Face Abuse"
2346:"Photos: The Life of Afghan Refugees in Tehran"
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395:, declared it independent. During the reign of
3245:"Afghans Protest Against Iran Over Executions"
3156:"چند نفر از زندانیان کشور اتباع بیگانه هستند؟"
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644:Torture, persecution and deprivation of rights
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3889:Photos: The Life of Afghan Refugees in Tehran
3154:سال, سایت خبری تحلیلی شعار (12 August 2016).
2896:"جدیدترین آمار تعداد مهاجران افغانی در ایران"
486:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
289:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
4511:Pashtun colonization of northern Afghanistan
3472:International Centre for Theoretical Physics
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2874:"Over 60,000 refugees return home this year"
2638:, Usa Ibp, Intl Business Pubn., 2006, p. 149
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1783:Statistics on the return of Afghan refugees
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2303:"Refugees and internally displaced persons"
2245:. Ariana Television Network. 2 January 2023
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2198:"آمار مهاجران افغان در ایران ۶ میلیون است"
619:regardless of their education and skills.
528:
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3798:British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies
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664:United Nations Convention Against Torture
113:Learn how and when to remove this message
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2987:Moghadas, Vaezzade & Aghajanian 2007
2975:Moghadas, Vaezzade & Aghajanian 2007
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3227:"Iran executes seven Afghan immigrants"
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2528:"Iran Forcibly Deports 100,000 Afghans"
2328:"Why are Afghan refugees leaving Iran?"
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268:. They form the largest percent of the
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3201:"3,000 Afghans face execution in Iran"
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2876:. Pajhwok Afghan News. 29 October 2011
2694:. The New American Cyclopaedia, Vol. I
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592:In Afghanistan, some people feel that
295:. There are also about 600,000 Afghan
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285:Ministry of Refugees and Repatriation
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2951:Glazebrook & Abbasi-Shavazi 2007
2651:Glazebrook & Abbasi-Shavazi 2007
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159:Regions with significant populations
51:adding citations to reliable sources
22:
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3037:Berger, Miriam (26 December 2020).
666:. This makes Afghans vulnerable to
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13:
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2664:"AFGHANISTAN x. Political History"
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722:By ethnicity, Afghans in Iran are
14:
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3468:"ICTP-PWF-IASBS MSc Scholarships"
3350:Sanei, Faraz (20 November 2013).
3125:Motamedi, Maziar (12 June 2022).
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3781:10.1111/j.0361-3666.2004.00259.x
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256:who are temporarily residing in
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662:Iran is not a signatory to the
623:Marriage with indigenous people
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356:depicting the surrender of the
334:Political history and migration
38:needs additional citations for
2468:. Iran Press. 15 December 2022
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1:
3811:10.1080/13530194.2022.2113504
3570:Adelkhah & Olszewska 2007
2839:Adelkhah & Olszewska 2007
2812:Adelkhah & Olszewska 2007
2795:Adelkhah & Olszewska 2007
2780:Adelkhah & Olszewska 2007
2768:Adelkhah & Olszewska 2007
2748:"Kingdoms of Persia – Persia"
2182:
712:
148:
3249:RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty
2557:. TOLOnews. 16 December 2022
2526:Tang, Alisa (15 June 2007),
2373:"Overview of Iran operation"
1775:Repatriation and deportation
718:Ethnicity and religious sect
587:ethnic groups of Afghanistan
7:
3181:Chris Sands (17 May 2010).
2140:
2123:, former candidate for the
1177:Population by age category
484:. By 1992, a report by the
478:Afghan refugees in Pakistan
315:, and others. According to
10:
4563:
4547:Afghanistan–Iran relations
4532:Afghan expatriates in Iran
2939:Abbasi-Shavazi et al. 2008
2330:. Al-Jazeera. 17 May 2016.
2177:Afghanistan–Iran relations
1754:
1670:Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad
826:Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad
694:
690:
647:
542:
532:
340:Afghanistan–Iran relations
337:
15:
4493:
4462:
4399:
4373:
4312:
4279:
4236:
4183:
4161:
4071:
4018:Human trafficking in Iran
4013:Ethnic minorities in Iran
4000:
3939:
3868:10.1080/00210860701269568
3840:10.1080/00210860701269584
3661:10.1080/00210860701269535
3612:10.1080/00210860701269519
1707:
1702:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1112:
1109:
1104:
777:
774:
771:
768:
765:
762:
440:ended hostilities of the
387:of India until 1709 when
223:
218:
195:
190:
163:
158:
147:
142:
135:
4542:Pashtun diaspora in Asia
3692:10.1163/1569208041514707
3518:Isabel Mehlmann (2011).
3096:– via NYTimes.com.
2713:Clements, Frank (2003).
1574:Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari
1084:Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari
213:languages of Afghanistan
169:Khorasan Razavi province
4537:Afghan diaspora in Asia
4023:Iranian citizens abroad
2854:. TOLOnews. 22 May 2017
2719:. ABC-CLIO. p. 8.
1837:Voluntary repatriation
637:Datikan Legal Institute
609:Iranian nationality law
529:Social and legal issues
511:Abdolreza Rahmani Fazli
504:Since 2002 millions of
311:, regular or irregular
254:citizens of Afghanistan
3299:"Afghanistanvotes.com"
1488:Sistan and Baluchestan
1167:
955:Sistan and Baluchestan
701:economy of Afghanistan
659:
565:
535:Culture of Afghanistan
376:
250:افغانستانیها در ایران
137:افغانستانیها در ایران
3402:Census Bureau of Iran
3395:"1395 Iranian Census"
1755:Further information:
778:Population by gender
772:Population by gender
766:Population by gender
695:Further information:
657:
552:
545:Anti-Afghan sentiment
533:Further information:
403:was made Governor of
347:
338:Further information:
4148:United Arab Emirates
4008:Demographics of Iran
3740:Moin, Baqer (1999),
3557:humanitarianresponse
3524:maastrichtuniversity
2586:on 10 December 2013.
2305:. The World Factbook
1751:Health and education
650:Human rights in Iran
558:Naqsh-e Jahan Square
470:new Islamic Republic
47:improve this article
3772:2004Disas..28..283P
3446:Bakhtar News Agency
3305:on 9 September 2011
3269:on 3 November 2012.
3205:Pajhwok Afghan News
2989:, Contraceptive Use
2928:. 15 December 2022.
2926:Pajhwok Afghan News
1887:Forced deportation
1784:
1455:
1178:
759:
405:Mazandaran Province
325:executed by hanging
293:permanent residency
132:
4506:Overseas Pakistani
4174:Afghanistan portal
3702:, Berghahn Books,
3376:. 23 January 2022.
3356:Human Rights Watch
3094:The New York Times
2902:(in Persian). Iran
2841:, pp. 141–142
2752:historyfiles.co.uk
2495:Human Rights Watch
2412:. 20 November 2013
2410:Human Rights Watch
2274:"Refugees in Iran"
2155:Afghanistan portal
2135:Fereshteh Hosseini
2125:presidency of Iran
2099:. You can help by
2015:In popular culture
1782:
1496:Western Azerbaijan
1453:
1176:
839:Western Azerbaijan
757:
750:Gender composition
707:Hassan Kazemi Qomi
660:
616:Human Rights Watch
566:
436:in Iran. The 1857
401:Ahmad Shah Durrani
377:
373:Mughal-Safavid war
317:Hassan Kazemi Qomi
309:exchanged students
130:
4519:
4518:
4333:
4332:
4031:
4030:
3751:978-1-85043-128-2
3709:978-1-84545-528-6
3499:. 4 December 2022
2977:, Fertility Level
2668:iranicaonline.org
2130:Setayesh Qorayshi
2117:
2116:
2053:A Taste of Cherry
2043:The White Balloon
2021:Mohsen Makhmalbaf
2012:
2011:
1761:Education in Iran
1748:
1747:
1618:southern Khorasan
1423:
1422:
1165:
1164:
1119:southern Khorasan
466:Soviet–Afghan War
442:Anglo-Persian War
399:, the brother of
391:, founder of the
274:Soviet–Afghan War
239:
238:
123:
122:
115:
97:
62:"Afghans in Iran"
4554:
4367:Pashtun diaspora
4360:
4353:
4346:
4337:
4336:
4320:Pashtun diaspora
4176:
4171:
4170:
4169:
4058:
4051:
4044:
4035:
4034:
3934:
3923:
3916:
3909:
3900:
3899:
3878:
3850:
3822:
3813:
3792:
3783:
3754:
3744:, I. B. Tauris,
3736:
3712:
3694:
3671:
3643:
3642:
3640:
3634:
3622:
3585:
3579:
3573:
3567:
3561:
3560:
3554:
3546:
3540:
3539:
3537:
3535:
3526:. Archived from
3515:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3504:
3489:
3483:
3482:
3480:
3478:
3464:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3453:
3448:. 20 August 2021
3438:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3427:
3422:. 23 August 2021
3412:
3406:
3405:
3399:
3391:
3378:
3377:
3366:
3360:
3359:
3347:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3336:
3321:
3315:
3314:
3312:
3310:
3301:. Archived from
3295:
3289:
3288:
3277:
3271:
3270:
3265:. Archived from
3259:
3253:
3252:
3241:
3235:
3234:
3223:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3212:
3197:
3191:
3190:
3178:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3151:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3122:
3116:
3115:
3104:
3098:
3097:
3085:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3074:
3060:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3034:
3028:
3027:
3020:
3014:
3008:
3002:
2996:
2990:
2984:
2978:
2972:
2966:
2960:
2954:
2948:
2942:
2936:
2930:
2929:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2907:
2892:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2859:
2848:
2842:
2836:
2830:
2824:
2815:
2809:
2798:
2792:
2783:
2777:
2771:
2765:
2756:
2755:
2744:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2682:Friedrich Engels
2678:
2672:
2671:
2660:
2654:
2648:
2639:
2633:
2627:
2626:
2625:. 8 August 2024.
2619:
2613:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2594:
2588:
2587:
2582:. Archived from
2576:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2551:
2542:
2541:
2540:
2538:
2523:
2517:
2516:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2492:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2473:
2462:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2433:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2402:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2369:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2341:
2332:
2331:
2324:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2299:
2290:
2289:
2283:
2281:
2270:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2239:
2228:
2227:
2225:
2223:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2193:
2171:
2166:
2165:
2164:
2157:
2152:
2151:
2150:
2121:Jalaleddin Farsi
2112:
2109:
2091:
2084:
2048:Abbas Kiarostami
1785:
1781:
1456:
1452:
1179:
1175:
760:
756:
515:Afghan passports
251:
177:Isfahan province
153:
152: 6 million
150:
143:Total population
133:
129:
118:
111:
107:
104:
98:
96:
55:
31:
23:
4562:
4561:
4557:
4556:
4555:
4553:
4552:
4551:
4522:
4521:
4520:
4515:
4501:Afghan diaspora
4489:
4458:
4422:Madhya Pradhesh
4395:
4369:
4364:
4334:
4329:
4325:Hazara diaspora
4308:
4275:
4232:
4179:
4172:
4167:
4165:
4159:
4067:
4065:Afghan diaspora
4062:
4032:
4027:
3996:
3935:
3930:
3929:Immigration to
3927:
3885:
3856:Iranian Studies
3828:Iranian Studies
3752:
3722:Sociation Today
3710:
3649:Iranian Studies
3638:
3636:
3632:
3600:Iranian Studies
3594:
3592:Further reading
3589:
3588:
3580:
3576:
3568:
3564:
3552:
3548:
3547:
3543:
3533:
3531:
3516:
3512:
3502:
3500:
3491:
3490:
3486:
3476:
3474:
3466:
3465:
3461:
3451:
3449:
3440:
3439:
3435:
3425:
3423:
3414:
3413:
3409:
3397:
3393:
3392:
3381:
3368:
3367:
3363:
3348:
3344:
3334:
3332:
3331:. 24 March 2016
3323:
3322:
3318:
3308:
3306:
3297:
3296:
3292:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3261:
3260:
3256:
3243:
3242:
3238:
3225:
3224:
3220:
3210:
3208:
3207:. 13 March 2010
3199:
3198:
3194:
3179:
3175:
3165:
3163:
3152:
3145:
3135:
3133:
3123:
3119:
3114:. 12 June 2020.
3106:
3105:
3101:
3086:
3082:
3072:
3070:
3068:Washington Post
3062:
3061:
3057:
3047:
3045:
3043:Washington Post
3035:
3031:
3022:
3021:
3017:
3009:
3005:
2997:
2993:
2985:
2981:
2973:
2969:
2961:
2957:
2949:
2945:
2937:
2933:
2920:
2919:
2915:
2905:
2903:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2879:
2877:
2872:
2871:
2867:
2857:
2855:
2850:
2849:
2845:
2837:
2833:
2825:
2818:
2810:
2801:
2793:
2786:
2778:
2774:
2766:
2759:
2746:
2745:
2741:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2711:
2707:
2697:
2695:
2679:
2675:
2662:
2661:
2657:
2649:
2642:
2634:
2630:
2621:
2620:
2616:
2607:
2605:
2596:
2595:
2591:
2578:
2577:
2570:
2560:
2558:
2553:
2552:
2545:
2536:
2534:
2532:Washington Post
2524:
2520:
2507:
2506:
2502:
2490:
2486:
2485:
2481:
2471:
2469:
2464:
2463:
2456:
2446:
2444:
2435:
2434:
2425:
2415:
2413:
2404:
2403:
2392:
2382:
2380:
2371:
2370:
2361:
2351:
2349:
2342:
2335:
2326:
2325:
2318:
2308:
2306:
2301:
2300:
2293:
2279:
2277:
2272:
2271:
2258:
2248:
2246:
2241:
2240:
2231:
2221:
2219:
2210:
2209:
2205:
2194:
2190:
2185:
2167:
2162:
2160:
2153:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2113:
2107:
2104:
2097:needs expansion
2082:
2017:
1777:
1763:
1753:
1740:East Azarbaijan
1506:Khorasan Razavi
1428:
1170:
1143:Khorasan Razavi
804:East Azarbaijan
752:
720:
715:
703:
697:Economy of Iran
693:
652:
646:
625:
554:Afghan citizens
547:
541:
539:culture of Iran
531:
506:Afghan citizens
502:
438:Treaty of Paris
428:were formed in
409:Shahrokh Afshar
381:Safavid dynasty
367:in 1638 to the
342:
336:
313:migrant workers
270:Afghan diaspora
242:Afghans in Iran
181:Kerman province
165:Tehran province
151:
138:
131:Afghans in Iran
128:
119:
108:
102:
99:
56:
54:
44:
32:
21:
12:
11:
5:
4560:
4550:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4517:
4516:
4514:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4497:
4495:
4491:
4490:
4488:
4487:
4482:
4480:United Kingdom
4477:
4472:
4466:
4464:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4456:
4455:
4454:
4449:
4439:
4436:
4435:
4434:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4405:
4403:
4397:
4396:
4394:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4377:
4375:
4371:
4370:
4363:
4362:
4355:
4348:
4340:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4327:
4322:
4316:
4314:
4310:
4309:
4307:
4306:
4301:
4300:
4299:
4294:
4283:
4281:
4277:
4276:
4274:
4273:
4272:
4271:
4266:
4256:
4246:
4240:
4238:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4230:
4229:
4228:
4221:United Kingdom
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4187:
4185:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4177:
4162:
4160:
4158:
4157:
4156:
4155:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4119:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4098:
4093:
4092:
4091:
4086:
4075:
4073:
4069:
4068:
4061:
4060:
4053:
4046:
4038:
4029:
4028:
4026:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4004:
4002:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3943:
3941:
3937:
3936:
3926:
3925:
3918:
3911:
3903:
3897:
3896:
3891:
3884:
3883:External links
3881:
3880:
3879:
3862:(2): 225–239,
3851:
3834:(2): 263–285,
3823:
3793:
3766:(3): 283–293,
3755:
3750:
3737:
3713:
3708:
3695:
3686:(2): 141–171,
3672:
3655:(2): 187–201,
3644:
3623:
3606:(2): 137–165,
3593:
3590:
3587:
3586:
3574:
3562:
3541:
3530:on 5 July 2017
3510:
3484:
3459:
3433:
3407:
3379:
3361:
3342:
3316:
3290:
3287:. 13 May 2010.
3272:
3254:
3251:. 13 May 2010.
3236:
3218:
3192:
3187:thenational.ae
3173:
3143:
3117:
3099:
3080:
3055:
3029:
3015:
3003:
2991:
2979:
2967:
2955:
2943:
2931:
2913:
2887:
2865:
2843:
2831:
2816:
2799:
2784:
2772:
2757:
2739:
2725:
2705:
2673:
2655:
2640:
2628:
2614:
2589:
2568:
2543:
2518:
2500:
2479:
2454:
2423:
2390:
2359:
2333:
2316:
2291:
2256:
2229:
2218:. 13 July 2023
2203:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2173:
2172:
2158:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2115:
2114:
2094:
2092:
2081:
2080:Notable people
2078:
2023:'s 1988 movie
2016:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1884:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1776:
1773:
1757:Health in Iran
1752:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1742:
1737:
1734:
1728:
1727:
1724:
1719:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1701:
1698:
1693:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1680:
1675:
1672:
1667:
1664:
1658:
1657:
1654:
1649:
1646:
1641:
1638:
1632:
1631:
1628:
1623:
1620:
1615:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1602:
1597:
1594:
1589:
1586:
1580:
1579:
1576:
1571:
1568:
1563:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1550:
1548:North Khorasan
1545:
1542:
1537:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1524:
1519:
1516:
1511:
1508:
1502:
1501:
1498:
1493:
1490:
1485:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1395:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1343:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1317:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1193:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1080:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1003:
998:
995:
992:
987:
984:
981:
975:
974:
971:
968:
963:
960:
957:
952:
949:
946:
940:
939:
936:
933:
928:
925:
922:
917:
914:
911:
905:
904:
901:
898:
893:
890:
887:
882:
879:
876:
870:
869:
866:
863:
858:
855:
852:
847:
844:
841:
835:
834:
831:
828:
823:
820:
817:
815:North Khorasan
812:
809:
806:
800:
799:
796:
793:
790:
787:
784:
780:
779:
776:
773:
770:
767:
764:
751:
748:
719:
716:
714:
711:
692:
689:
645:
642:
624:
621:
564:, Iran. (2007)
530:
527:
501:
498:
393:Hotaki dynasty
389:Mir Wais Hotak
335:
332:
266:asylum seekers
237:
236:
221:
220:
216:
215:
193:
192:
188:
187:
161:
160:
156:
155:
145:
144:
140:
139:
136:
126:
121:
120:
35:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4559:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4529:
4527:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4498:
4496:
4492:
4486:
4485:United States
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4467:
4465:
4461:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4444:
4443:
4442:Uttar Pradesh
4440:
4437:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4407:
4406:
4404:
4402:
4398:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4378:
4376:
4372:
4368:
4361:
4356:
4354:
4349:
4347:
4342:
4341:
4338:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4317:
4315:
4311:
4305:
4302:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4289:
4288:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4278:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4260:
4259:United States
4257:
4254:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4235:
4227:
4224:
4223:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4182:
4175:
4164:
4154:
4151:
4150:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4103:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4081:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4066:
4059:
4054:
4052:
4047:
4045:
4040:
4039:
4036:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4003:
3999:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3938:
3933:
3924:
3919:
3917:
3912:
3910:
3905:
3904:
3901:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3886:
3877:
3873:
3869:
3865:
3861:
3857:
3852:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3829:
3824:
3821:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3794:
3791:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3765:
3761:
3756:
3753:
3747:
3743:
3738:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3723:
3719:
3714:
3711:
3705:
3701:
3696:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3681:
3677:
3676:Hoodfar, Homa
3673:
3670:
3666:
3662:
3658:
3654:
3650:
3645:
3631:
3630:
3624:
3621:
3617:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3601:
3596:
3595:
3584:, p. 233
3583:
3578:
3572:, p. 137
3571:
3566:
3558:
3551:
3545:
3529:
3525:
3521:
3514:
3498:
3494:
3488:
3473:
3469:
3463:
3447:
3443:
3437:
3421:
3417:
3411:
3403:
3396:
3390:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3375:
3371:
3365:
3357:
3353:
3346:
3330:
3329:The Economist
3326:
3320:
3304:
3300:
3294:
3286:
3282:
3276:
3268:
3264:
3258:
3250:
3246:
3240:
3232:
3228:
3222:
3206:
3202:
3196:
3188:
3184:
3177:
3161:
3157:
3150:
3148:
3132:
3128:
3121:
3113:
3109:
3103:
3095:
3091:
3084:
3069:
3065:
3059:
3044:
3040:
3033:
3025:
3019:
3013:, p. 225
3012:
3007:
3001:, p. 141
3000:
2995:
2988:
2983:
2976:
2971:
2965:, p. 283
2964:
2959:
2953:, p. 187
2952:
2947:
2940:
2935:
2927:
2923:
2917:
2901:
2897:
2891:
2875:
2869:
2853:
2847:
2840:
2835:
2829:, p. 165
2828:
2823:
2821:
2814:, p. 138
2813:
2808:
2806:
2804:
2797:, p. 141
2796:
2791:
2789:
2782:, p. 140
2781:
2776:
2770:, p. 139
2769:
2764:
2762:
2753:
2749:
2743:
2728:
2726:1-85109-402-4
2722:
2718:
2717:
2709:
2693:
2692:
2687:
2686:"Afghanistan"
2683:
2677:
2669:
2665:
2659:
2653:, p. 189
2652:
2647:
2645:
2637:
2632:
2624:
2618:
2603:
2599:
2593:
2585:
2581:
2575:
2573:
2556:
2550:
2548:
2533:
2529:
2522:
2514:
2513:openDemocracy
2510:
2504:
2496:
2489:
2483:
2467:
2461:
2459:
2443:. 1 June 2021
2442:
2438:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2411:
2407:
2401:
2399:
2397:
2395:
2378:
2374:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2347:
2340:
2338:
2329:
2323:
2321:
2304:
2298:
2296:
2288:
2275:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2244:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2217:
2213:
2207:
2199:
2192:
2188:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2159:
2156:
2145:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2111:
2102:
2098:
2095:This section
2093:
2090:
2086:
2085:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2068:Bahram Bayzai
2065:
2064:
2059:
2055:
2054:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2032:
2028:
2027:
2022:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1786:
1780:
1772:
1770:
1769:
1765:According to
1762:
1758:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1705:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1685:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1607:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1451:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1180:
1174:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1107:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
991:
988:
985:
982:
980:
977:
976:
972:
969:
967:
964:
961:
958:
956:
953:
950:
947:
945:
942:
941:
937:
934:
932:
929:
926:
923:
921:
918:
915:
912:
910:
907:
906:
902:
899:
897:
894:
891:
888:
886:
883:
880:
877:
875:
872:
871:
867:
864:
862:
859:
856:
853:
851:
848:
845:
842:
840:
837:
836:
832:
829:
827:
824:
821:
818:
816:
813:
810:
807:
805:
802:
801:
797:
794:
791:
788:
785:
782:
781:
761:
755:
747:
745:
744:Sunni Muslims
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
710:
708:
705:According to
702:
698:
688:
685:
681:
677:
672:
669:
665:
656:
651:
641:
638:
633:
632:citizenship.
629:
620:
617:
612:
610:
605:
601:
599:
595:
590:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
563:
559:
555:
551:
546:
540:
536:
526:
524:
520:
519:Iranian visas
516:
512:
507:
497:
495:
491:
487:
483:
482:Iran–Iraq War
479:
474:
471:
467:
462:
459:
455:
451:
445:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
422:
421:Afghan Empire
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
374:
370:
366:
362:
359:
355:
351:
346:
341:
331:
328:
326:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
279:According to
277:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
247:
243:
234:
230:
226:
222:
217:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
189:
186:
185:Fars province
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
157:
146:
141:
134:
125:
117:
114:
106:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64: –
63:
59:
58:Find sources:
52:
48:
42:
41:
36:This article
34:
30:
25:
24:
19:
4138:Turkmenistan
4095:
3946:
3859:
3855:
3831:
3827:
3801:
3797:
3763:
3759:
3741:
3725:
3721:
3699:
3683:
3679:
3652:
3648:
3637:, retrieved
3628:
3603:
3599:
3577:
3565:
3559:. p. 9.
3556:
3544:
3532:. Retrieved
3528:the original
3523:
3513:
3501:. Retrieved
3496:
3487:
3475:. Retrieved
3471:
3462:
3450:. Retrieved
3445:
3436:
3424:. Retrieved
3420:Tehran Times
3419:
3410:
3401:
3373:
3364:
3355:
3345:
3333:. Retrieved
3328:
3319:
3307:. Retrieved
3303:the original
3293:
3284:
3275:
3267:the original
3257:
3248:
3239:
3230:
3221:
3209:. Retrieved
3204:
3195:
3186:
3176:
3164:. Retrieved
3162:(in Persian)
3159:
3134:. Retrieved
3130:
3120:
3112:Salaam Times
3111:
3102:
3093:
3083:
3071:. Retrieved
3067:
3058:
3048:20 September
3046:. Retrieved
3042:
3032:
3018:
3006:
2999:Hoodfar 2004
2994:
2982:
2970:
2958:
2946:
2941:, p. 14
2934:
2925:
2916:
2904:. Retrieved
2900:afkarnews.ir
2899:
2890:
2878:. Retrieved
2868:
2856:. Retrieved
2846:
2834:
2827:Hoodfar 2008
2775:
2751:
2742:
2730:. Retrieved
2715:
2708:
2696:. Retrieved
2691:Andy Blunden
2689:
2676:
2667:
2658:
2635:
2631:
2617:
2606:, retrieved
2604:, 6 May 2010
2601:
2592:
2584:the original
2559:. Retrieved
2535:, retrieved
2531:
2521:
2512:
2503:
2494:
2482:
2470:. Retrieved
2445:. Retrieved
2441:Tehran Times
2440:
2414:. Retrieved
2409:
2381:. Retrieved
2376:
2350:. Retrieved
2307:. Retrieved
2285:
2278:. Retrieved
2247:. Retrieved
2222:17 September
2220:. Retrieved
2215:
2206:
2191:
2105:
2101:adding to it
2096:
2071:
2061:
2058:Majid Majidi
2051:
2041:
2038:Jafar Panahi
2035:
2024:
2018:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1778:
1768:Tehran Times
1766:
1764:
1429:
1426:Distribution
1171:
753:
740:Shia Muslims
730:at 36%, and
721:
704:
673:
661:
636:
634:
630:
626:
613:
606:
602:
591:
585:, and other
567:
503:
500:21st century
475:
463:
458:Persian Gulf
453:
449:
446:
430:Torbat-e Jam
378:
363:garrison of
329:
321:
278:
241:
240:
211:, and other
173:Qom province
127:Ethnic group
124:
109:
103:October 2021
100:
90:
83:
76:
69:
57:
45:Please help
40:verification
37:
4304:New Zealand
4201:Netherlands
3477:18 December
3452:18 December
3426:18 December
3136:16 December
3073:26 December
3011:Zahedi 2007
2880:12 November
2858:16 December
2732:22 February
2608:3 September
2537:3 September
2472:16 December
2447:18 December
2383:16 December
2216:www.isna.ir
2169:Iran portal
2026:The Cyclist
1474:Population
1468:Population
1462:Population
1448:district 13
1191:Population
1185:Population
354:Padshahnama
281:Afghanistan
199:(Persian),
4526:Categories
4438:Tamil Nadu
4133:Tajikistan
3987:Pakistanis
3940:By country
3503:4 December
3131:Al Jazeera
2963:Piran 2004
2352:7 November
2348:. Newsweek
2183:References
1644:Mazandaran
1600:Kermanshah
1188:Age Group
1182:Age Group
1154:Kermanshah
966:Mazandaran
713:Demography
648:See also:
543:See also:
494:repatriate
490:Najibullah
397:Nader Shah
276:in 1979.
154:(estimate)
73:newspapers
4475:Sri Lanka
4470:Australia
4463:Elsewhere
4447:Putliwale
4287:Australia
4128:Sri Lanka
3876:154057579
3848:161576073
3820:251851337
3760:Disasters
3734:1542-6300
3669:162335732
3620:159791018
3582:Moin 1999
3309:8 October
3285:bbc.co.uk
3166:1 January
2698:25 August
2561:3 January
2280:3 January
2249:3 January
1704:Kurdistan
1592:Khuzestan
1514:Hormozgan
1471:Province
1465:Province
1459:Province
1095:Kurdistan
1036:Hormozgan
850:Khuzestan
775:Province
769:Province
763:Province
579:Qizilbash
350:miniature
305:merchants
301:travelers
191:Languages
4494:See also
4374:Pakistan
4313:See also
4237:Americas
4101:Pakistan
4001:See also
3982:Russians
3967:Lebanese
3804:: 1–15,
3790:15344942
3497:TOLOnews
3335:26 March
3231:rawa.org
3211:4 August
2906:10 March
2684:(1857).
2602:BBC News
2309:4 August
2196:تابناک.
2141:See also
2108:May 2010
2073:Sagkoshi
2070:'s 2001
2060:'s 2000
2050:'s 1997
2040:'s 1996
2031:allegory
1932:194,764
1929:227,601
1926:218,565
1923:220,846
1920:250,731
1917:211,023
1914:286,662
1911:322,008
1908:406,524
1905:363,369
1902:146,387
1882:248,764
1879:316,415
1876:286,226
1873:217,483
1870:279,012
1855:155,721
1852:238,384
1849:225,815
1843:124,615
1840:117,364
1588:109,247
1566:Golestan
1562:125,411
1536:183,124
1522:Lorestan
1510:219,442
1484:515,567
1442:(except
931:Lorestan
861:Golestan
742:and 30%
732:Pashtuns
726:at 40%,
583:Pashtuns
417:Kohistan
413:Khorasan
383:and the
365:Kandahar
297:tourists
287:and the
262:refugees
219:Religion
4452:Rohilla
4417:Kashmir
4412:Gujarat
4381:Kashmir
4292:Pashtun
4280:Oceania
4269:Pashtun
4253:Pashtun
4226:Pashtun
4216:Ukraine
4196:Germany
4191:Finland
4111:Turkmen
4089:Pashtun
3977:Koreans
3972:Kazakhs
3957:Indians
3952:Chinese
3947:Afghans
3768:Bibcode
3534:29 July
3404:. 2016.
2497:. 2013.
2276:. UNHCR
2007:443,763
2002:544,016
1997:504,791
1992:438,329
1987:529,743
1973:481,297
1968:519,090
1963:384,771
1958:321,660
1953:154,377
1948:178,512
1943:159,724
1899:95,845
1896:79,410
1893:53,897
1890:42,360
1858:74,773
1846:74,967
1736:29,257
1732:Markazi
1722:Hamedan
1718:29,691
1714:Bushehr
1692:35,409
1666:51,743
1652:Ardebil
1640:84,321
1614:96,367
1570:18,273
1544:18,401
1532:Isfahan
1518:24,195
1492:26,846
1407:105455
1381:121431
1355:162075
1329:180001
1303:173080
1277:183755
1251:191387
1225:175328
1208:Female
1199:Female
1150:108046
1147:111396
1071:Hamedan
1056:240787
1053:274780
1014:Bushehr
1001:Markazi
909:Isfahan
874:Ardebil
798:Female
792:Female
786:Female
724:Hazaras
691:Economy
684:hanging
680:assault
676:battery
668:torture
571:Hazaras
562:Esfahan
454:Barbari
450:Khavari
434:Bakharz
426:Hazaras
385:Moghuls
369:Mughals
361:Safavid
358:Persian
246:Persian
209:Turkmen
87:scholar
4432:Sorgar
4427:Punjab
4386:Punjab
4297:Hazara
4264:Baloch
4249:Canada
4244:Brazil
4211:Sweden
4206:Russia
4184:Europe
4153:Baloch
4143:Turkey
4116:Uzbeks
4106:Tajiks
4084:Baloch
3962:Iraqis
3874:
3846:
3818:
3788:
3748:
3732:
3706:
3667:
3639:17 May
3618:
2723:
2416:15 May
2379:. 2022
2066:, and
1688:Semnan
1674:1,503
1648:2,623
1636:Alborz
1626:Zanjan
1622:5,045
1596:6,290
1558:Kerman
1540:Qazvin
1480:Tehran
1444:Khojir
1440:Tehran
1436:Alborz
1419:11837
1404:48545
1401:56910
1398:35–39
1393:10415
1384:70–74
1378:55252
1375:66179
1372:30–34
1367:15062
1358:65–69
1352:76279
1349:85796
1346:25–29
1341:26133
1335:16387
1332:60–64
1326:86973
1323:93028
1320:20–24
1315:34708
1312:14036
1309:20672
1306:55–59
1300:83179
1297:89901
1294:15–19
1289:52803
1286:22329
1283:30474
1280:50–54
1274:88976
1271:94779
1268:10–14
1263:62866
1260:27983
1257:34883
1254:45–49
1248:93099
1245:98288
1237:77643
1234:33566
1231:44077
1228:40–44
1222:85204
1219:90124
1211:Total
1202:Total
1137:55505
1134:69906
1130:Kerman
1113:23457
1110:28286
1067:47608
1064:48759
1049:Tehran
1040:14301
1025:Qazvin
1021:10305
1018:19386
1008:13967
1005:15290
997:48049
994:61198
962:12683
959:14163
951:38773
948:45548
944:Alborz
927:16874
924:18535
920:Semnan
916:88351
913:94773
885:Zanjan
736:Uzbeks
728:Tajiks
575:Tajiks
252:) are
201:Pashto
89:
82:
75:
68:
60:
4408:Bihar
4401:India
4391:Sindh
4123:Qatar
4079:India
3992:Poles
3872:S2CID
3844:S2CID
3816:S2CID
3728:(1),
3680:Hawwa
3665:S2CID
3633:(PDF)
3616:S2CID
3553:(PDF)
3398:(XLS)
3374:UNHCR
2491:(PDF)
2377:UNHCR
2287:Iran.
2063:Baran
1938:Total
1832:2016
1829:2015
1826:2014
1823:2013
1820:2012
1817:2011
1814:2010
1811:2009
1808:2008
1805:2007
1802:2006
1799:2005
1796:2004
1793:2003
1790:2002
1696:Gilan
1416:4093
1413:7744
1390:3826
1387:6589
1364:5626
1361:9436
1338:9746
1126:2426
1123:2619
1043:9894
1032:8809
1029:9592
970:1818
896:Gilan
868:8671
865:9602
857:2619
854:3671
352:from
229:Sunni
225:Islam
205:Uzbek
94:JSTOR
80:books
4096:Iran
4072:Asia
3932:Iran
3786:PMID
3746:ISBN
3730:ISSN
3704:ISBN
3641:2010
3536:2018
3505:2022
3479:2022
3454:2022
3428:2022
3337:2016
3311:2012
3213:2021
3168:2019
3138:2022
3075:2020
3050:2023
2908:2017
2882:2011
2860:2022
2734:2012
2721:ISBN
2700:2010
2610:2010
2563:2023
2539:2010
2474:2022
2449:2022
2418:2015
2385:2022
2354:2014
2311:2021
2282:2023
2251:2023
2224:2023
1983:---
1980:---
1977:---
1867:---
1864:---
1861:---
1759:and
1744:139
1726:217
1700:309
1678:Ilam
1662:Yazd
1584:Fars
1500:107
1410:75+
1242:5–9
1216:0–4
1205:Man
1196:Man
1106:Yazd
1075:135
990:Fars
979:Ilam
973:805
900:218
833:607
830:896
795:Man
789:Man
783:Man
699:and
537:and
517:and
464:The
432:and
415:and
258:Iran
233:Shia
231:and
197:Dari
66:news
3864:doi
3836:doi
3806:doi
3776:doi
3688:doi
3657:doi
3608:doi
2103:.
1708:18
1682:29
1656:35
1630:40
1610:Qom
1604:47
1578:91
1552:93
1526:99
1432:Qom
1168:Age
1161:21
1158:26
1099:13
1091:31
1088:60
1078:82
1060:Qom
986:17
983:12
938:36
935:63
903:91
892:17
889:23
881:20
878:15
846:55
843:52
822:38
819:55
811:63
808:76
746:.
678:or
560:in
556:at
452:or
283:'s
264:or
260:as
49:by
4528::
3870:,
3860:40
3858:,
3842:,
3832:40
3830:,
3814:,
3802:51
3800:,
3784:,
3774:,
3764:28
3762:,
3724:,
3720:,
3682:,
3663:,
3653:40
3651:,
3614:,
3604:40
3602:,
3555:.
3522:.
3495:.
3470:.
3444:.
3418:.
3400:.
3382:^
3372:.
3354:.
3327:.
3283:.
3247:.
3229:.
3203:.
3185:.
3160:fa
3158:.
3146:^
3129:.
3110:.
3092:.
3066:.
3041:.
2924:.
2898:.
2819:^
2802:^
2787:^
2760:^
2750:.
2688:.
2666:.
2643:^
2600:,
2571:^
2546:^
2530:,
2511:.
2493:.
2457:^
2439:.
2426:^
2408:.
2393:^
2375:.
2362:^
2336:^
2319:^
2294:^
2284:.
2259:^
2232:^
2214:.
2076:.
2056:,
2046:,
1446:,
1438:,
1434:,
1102:5
734:,
581:,
577:,
573:,
348:A
307:,
303:,
299:,
248::
207:,
203:,
183:,
179:,
175:,
171:,
167:,
149:c.
4359:e
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4057:e
4050:t
4043:v
3922:e
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3770::
3726:5
3690::
3684:2
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
