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Aerial photography

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situation in which a full-scale aircraft would be dangerous to operate. Examples would include the inspection of transformers atop power transmission lines and slow, low-level flight over agricultural fields, both of which can be accomplished by a large-scale radio-controlled helicopter. Professional-grade, gyroscopically stabilized camera platforms are available for use under such a model; a large model helicopter with a 26cc gasoline engine can hoist a payload of approximately seven kilograms (15 lbs). One example is the radio controlled Nitrohawk helicopter developed by
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aircraft for recreational purposes are referred to as model aircraft. Under CASR Part 101, businesses/persons operating remotely piloted aircraft commercially are required to hold an operator certificate, just like manned aircraft operators. Pilots of remotely piloted aircraft operating commercially are also required to be licensed by the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA). Whilst a small RPAS and model aircraft may actually be identical, unlike model aircraft, a RPAS may enter controlled airspace with approval, and operate close to an aerodrome.
31: 594: 65: 2724: 162: 4379: 803:, and artistic projects. An example of how aerial photography is used in the field of archaeology is the mapping project done at the site Angkor Borei in Cambodia from 1995 to 1996. Using aerial photography, archaeologists were able to identify archaeological features, including 112 water features (reservoirs, artificially constructed pools and natural ponds) within the walled site of Angkor Borei. In the United States, aerial photographs are used in many 474: 1021: 4390: 50: 2714: 1180: 260: 671:
two hundred and twenty-five square miles. One of its first government contracts was an aerial survey of New Mexico to study soil erosion. A year later, Fairchild introduced a better high altitude camera with nine-lens in one unit that could take a photo of 600 square miles with each exposure from 30,000 feet.
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In Australia, Civil Aviation Safety Regulation Part 101 (CASR Part 101) allows for commercial use of unmanned and remotely piloted aircraft. Under these regulations, unmanned remotely piloted aircraft for commercial are referred to as Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS), whereas radio-controlled
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The FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 established, in Section 336, a special rule for model aircraft. In Section 336, Congress confirmed the FAA's long-standing position that model aircraft are aircraft. Under the terms of the Act, a model aircraft is defined as "an unmanned aircraft" that is
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between 1988 and 1998. In addition to gyroscopically stabilized footage, the use of RC copters as reliable aerial photography tools increased with the integration of FPV (first-person-view) technology. Many radio-controlled aircraft, in particular drones, are now capable of utilizing Wi-Fi to stream
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company, greatly enhancing the efficiency of aerial photography. The camera was inserted into the floor of the aircraft and could be triggered by the pilot at intervals. Moore-Brabazon also pioneered the incorporation of stereoscopic techniques into aerial photography, allowing the height of objects
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were among the first to suggest that airborne reconnaissance may be a task better suited to fast, small aircraft which would use their speed and high service ceiling to avoid detection and interception. Although this seems obvious now, with modern reconnaissance tasks performed by fast, high flying
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to develop and build specialized aircraft for high altitude aerial survey missions. One Fairchild aerial survey aircraft in 1935 carried unit that combined two synchronized cameras, and each camera having five six inch lenses with a ten-inch lens and took photos from 23,000 feet. Each photo covered
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Due to a number of illegal operators in Australia making false claims of being approved, CASA maintains and publishes a list of approved remote operator's certificate (ReOC) holders. However, CASA has modified the regulations and from September 29, 2016, drones under 2 kg (4.4 lb) may be
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In the United States, except when necessary for take-off and landing, full-sized manned aircraft are prohibited from flying at altitudes under 1000 feet over congested areas and not closer than 500 feet from any person, vessel, vehicle or structure over non-congested areas. Certain exceptions are
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Aerial videos are emerging Spatial Multimedia which can be used for scene understanding and object tracking. The input video is captured by low flying aerial platforms and typically consists of strong parallax from non-ground-plane structures. The integration of digital video, global positioning
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Within 50 m of any person, during take-off or landing, a small unmanned surveillance aircraft must not be flown within 30 m (98 ft) of any person. This does not apply to the person in charge of the small unmanned surveillance aircraft or a person under the control of the person in
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Small scale model aircraft offer increased photographic access to these previously restricted areas. Miniature vehicles do not replace full-size aircraft, as full-size aircraft are capable of longer flight times, higher altitudes, and greater equipment payloads. They are, however, useful in any
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advertising, where commercial and residential properties are the photographic subject. In 2014 the US Federal Aviation Administration banned the use of drones for photographs in real estate advertisements. The ban has been lifted and commercial aerial photography using drones of UAS is regulated
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June 25, 2014, The FAA, in ruling 14 CFR Part 91 "Interpretation of the Special Rule for Model Aircraft", banned the commercial use of unmanned aircraft over U.S. airspace. On September 26, 2014, the FAA began granting the right to use drones in aerial filmmaking. Operators are required to be
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The person in charge of a small unmanned aircraft must maintain direct, unaided visual contact with the aircraft sufficient to monitor its flight path in relation to other aircraft, persons, vehicles, vessels and structures for the purpose of avoiding collisions. (500 m
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June 21, 2016, the FAA released its summary of small unmanned aircraft rules (Part 107). The rules established guidelines for small UAS operators including operating only during the daytime, a 400 ft (120 m). ceiling and pilots must keep the UAS in visual range.
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This "Spatial Multimedia" is the timely union of digital media including still photography, motion video, stereo, panoramic imagery sets, immersive media constructs, audio, and other data with location and date-time information from the GPS and other location designs.
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The person in charge of a small unmanned aircraft which has a mass of more than 7 kg (15 lb) excluding its fuel but including any articles or equipment installed in or attached to the aircraft at the commencement of its flight, must not fly the aircraft:
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effect when viewed in a stereoscope, thus creating a perception of depth that could aid in cartography and in intelligence derived from aerial images. The Royal Flying Corps recon pilots began to use cameras for recording their observations in 1914 and by the
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and were used increasingly frequently as they proved their pivotal military worth; by 1918 both sides were photographing the entire front twice a day and had taken over half a million photos since the beginning of the conflict. In January 1918,
500:, in 1913. The French began the war with several squadrons of Blériot observation aircraft equipped with cameras for reconnaissance. The French Army developed procedures for getting prints into the hands of field commanders in record time. 371: 492:
were equipped with cameras to record enemy movements and defenses. At the start of the conflict, the usefulness of aerial photography was not fully appreciated, with reconnaissance being accomplished with map sketching from the air.
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is becoming more popular. Orthogonal video is shot from aircraft mapping pipelines, crop fields, and other points of interest. Using GPS, video may be embedded with meta data and later synced with a video mapping program.
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Model aircraft with a mass of more than 20 kg are termed 'Large Model Aircraft' – within the UK, large model aircraft may only be flown in accordance with an exemption from the ANO, which must be issued by the CAA.
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Stark, M. T., Griffin, P., Phoeurn, C., Ledgerwood, J., Dega, M., Mortland, C., ... & Latinis, K. (1999). Results of the 1995–1996 archaeological field investigations at Angkor Borei, Cambodia. Asian Perspectives
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foliage is in the photograph. Leaf-off photographs show less foliage or no foliage at all, and are used to see the ground and things on the ground more closely. Leaf-on photographs are used to measure crop health and
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systems (GPS) and automated image processing will improve the accuracy and cost-effectiveness of data collection and reduction. Several different aerial platforms are under investigation for the data collection.
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Within an aerodrome traffic zone during the notified hours of watch of the air traffic control unit (if any) at that aerodrome unless the permission of any such air traffic control unit has been obtained;
911:§ 99.7. Effective April 14, 2017, all UAS flights within 400 feet of the lateral boundaries of U.S. military installations are prohibited unless a special permit is secured from the base and/or the FAA. 1171:. For forestry purposes, some species of trees are easier to distinguish from other kinds of trees with leaf-off photography, while other species are easier to distinguish with leaf-on photography. 725:
variants. Spitfires proved to be extremely successful in their reconnaissance role and there were many variants built specifically for that purpose. They served initially with what later became
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airplanes, they not only overcame enemy air attacks, but also had to contend with 65 mph (105 km/h) winds, antiaircraft fire, and malfunctioning equipment to complete their task.
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In some digital cameras for aerial photogrammetry images from several imaging elements, sometimes with separate lenses, are geometrically corrected and combined to one image in the camera.
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developed an electric heating system for the aerial camera. This allowed reconnaissance aircraft to take pictures from very high altitudes without the camera parts freezing. Based at
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under the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018. Commercial pilots have to complete the requirements for a Part 107 license, while amateur and non-commercial use is restricted by the FAA.
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Large sets of orthophotos, typically derived from multiple sources and divided into "tiles" (each typically 256 x 256 pixels in size), are widely used in online map systems such as
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2006 FAA regulations grounding all commercial RC model flights have been upgraded to require formal FAA certification before permission is granted to fly at any altitude in the US.
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A person must not cause or permit any article or animal (whether or not attached to a parachute) to be dropped from a small unmanned aircraft so as to endanger persons or property.
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The person in charge of a small unmanned aircraft must not fly the aircraft for the purposes of commercial operations except in accordance with a permission granted by the CAA.
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in 1915, the entire system of German trenches was being photographed. In 1916 the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy made vertical camera axis aerial photos above Italy for map-making.
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The FAA can pursue enforcement action against persons operating model aircraft who endanger the safety of the national airspace system. Public Law 112–95, section 336(b).
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Article 241 Endangering safety of any person or property. A person must not recklessly or negligently cause or permit an aircraft to endanger any person or property.
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Cotton's aerial photographs were far ahead of their time. Together with other members of the 1 PRU, he pioneered the techniques of high-altitude, high-speed
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several photographs taken in different angles from one spot (e.g. with a hand held camera) or from different spots at the same angle (e.g. from a plane).
459:. The first use of a motion picture camera mounted to a heavier-than-air aircraft took place on April 24, 1909, over Rome in the 3:28 silent film short, 314: 394:
was pioneered by British meteorologist E.D. Archibald in 1882. He used an explosive charge on a timer to take photographs from the air. The same year,
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Aerial Photography on Light aircraft under 20 kg (44 lb). Basic Rules for non commercial flying Of a SUA (Small Unmanned Aircraft).
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From 1921, Aerofilms carried out vertical photography for survey and mapping purposes. During the 1930s, the company pioneered the science of
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in 1919. The company soon expanded into a business with major contracts in Africa and Asia as well as in the UK. Operations began from the
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Yan, Guangjian; Li, Chaoyang; Zhou, Guoqing; Zhang, Wuming; Li, Xiaowen (2007). "Automatic Extraction of Power Lines from Aerial Images".
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Within 50 m (160 ft) of any vessel, vehicle or structure which is not under the control of the person in charge of the aircraft.
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licensed pilots and must keep the drone in view at all times. Drones cannot be used to film in areas where people might be put at risk.
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The person in charge of a small unmanned aircraft may only fly the aircraft if reasonably satisfied that the flight can safely be made.
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Aerial photographs are often combined. Depending on their purpose it can be done in several ways, of which a few are listed below.
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as an aid to correcting and improving maps of the Turkish front. This was a pioneering use of aerial photography as an aid for
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photography that were instrumental in revealing the locations of many crucial military and intelligence targets. According to
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with a mounted cine camera. For example, the AERIGON cinema drone is used for low aerial shots in big blockbuster movies.
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can also produce bird's-eye images closely resembling aerial photography (despite not actually being aerial shots) when
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In Class A, C, D or E airspace unless the permission of the appropriate air traffic control unit has been obtained;
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Mademlis, Ioannis; Nikolaidis, Nikos; Tefas, Anastasios; Pitas, Ioannis; Tilman, Wagner; Messina, Alberto (2019).
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in the United States, aerial photography may legally document features and occurrences on private property.
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five rigidly mounted cameras provide one vertical and four low oblique pictures that can be used together.
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allow for the creation of 3D-images from several photographs of the same area taken from different spots.
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A vertical still from a kite aerial thermal video of part of a former brickworks site captured at night.
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live video from the aircraft's camera back to the pilot's or pilot in command's (PIC) ground station.
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Mills, J.P.; et al. (1997). "Photogrammetry from Archived Digital Imagery for Seal Monitoring".
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Over or within 150 m (490 ft) of an organised open-air assembly of more than 1,000 persons.
515: 275: 249: 1732: 4218: 3813: 3541: 3333: 2158: 1331: 1286: 526: 406:, is the earliest extant aerial photograph taken in the British Isles. A print of the same image, 4183: 3987: 3891: 3755: 3606: 3438: 3343: 2986: 2904: 2870: 2145: 1419: 1393: 1337: 1217: 1151: 489: 433: 391: 285: 135: 111: 1598: 679: 4394: 4238: 4213: 4022: 4007: 3942: 3922: 3828: 3750: 3581: 3500: 3495: 3470: 3398: 3388: 3338: 3328: 3262: 3225: 3153: 3128: 1778:. No. 44229. column E. Gale:The Times digital archive 1785–1985. 25 March 1926. p. 11 993: 825: 189: 2500: 1854: 1835: 4299: 4094: 4002: 3997: 3982: 3972: 3947: 3932: 3793: 3726: 3696: 3656: 3566: 3556: 3393: 3272: 3235: 3158: 2753: 2458: 1383: 745: 570: 3851: 2394: 604: 4383: 3992: 3962: 3957: 3952: 3937: 3591: 3510: 3480: 3433: 3378: 3368: 3293: 3118: 3065: 2778: 2086: 2051: 1509: 1300: 1281: 1271: 1240: 1235: 1162:
Aerial photography may be labeled as either "leaf-off" or on "leaf-on" to indicate whether
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Another successful pioneer of the commercial use of aerial photography was the American
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Aerial photography in the UK has tight regulations as to where a drone is able to fly.
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removed and replaced with extra fuel and cameras. This led to the development of the
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developed his advanced 'Man-lifter War Kite' and succeeded in interesting the British
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on the landscape to be discerned by comparing photographs taken at different angles.
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began using kites for photography in 1888, and wrote a book on his methods in 1890.
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Ltd., the first commercial aerial photography company in the UK, founded in 1919
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An Instantaneous Map Photograph taken from the Car of a Balloon, 2,000 feet high
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You Must not fly your aircraft over or within 150 metres of any congested Area.
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allowed for helicopters, powered parachutes and weight-shift-control aircraft.
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Targeting the Reich: Allied Photographic Reconnaissance over Europe, 1939–1945
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at Edgware, using the aircraft of the London Flying School. Subsequently, the
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By the end of the war, aerial cameras had dramatically increased in size and
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The first purpose-built and practical aerial camera was invented by Captain
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to the section by replacing the section with a link and a summary or by
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The official archive of British Government declassified aerial photography.
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An aerial photographer prepares continuous oblique shooting in a Cessna 206
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Milton Kent with his aerial camera, June 1953, Milton Kent Studio, Sydney
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started aerial photography experiments in 1912 with No.1 Squadron of the
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Professional Aerial Photographers Association (retrieved 5 October 2016)
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April 7, 2017, the FAA announced special security instructions under 14
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Vertical photographs are taken straight down. They are mainly used in
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Aerial photography was first practiced by the French photographer and
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Air photo of a military target used to evaluate the effect of bombing
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offers the use of similar orthophotos for deriving new map data.
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The use of aerial photography rapidly matured during the war, as
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to conduct low-altitude aerial photography. This had benefited
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A Modern Ariel with a camera, People , July 15, 1953, pp. 24-27
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Airborne Real-time Cueing Hyperspectral Enhanced Reconnaissance
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A, in which he made a high-speed reconnaissance flight in 1940
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started using a half-plate oblique aero camera purchased from
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The first commercial aerial photography company in the UK was
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What is the difference between leaf-on and leaf-off imagery?
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devised a method of taking photographs from the basket of a
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filmed the first ever aerial views using a balloon between
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to photograph a 624 square miles (1,620 km) area in
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amongst the company's clients. In 1920, the Australian
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Ltd, founded by World War I veterans Francis Wills and
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1932, aerial photograph of Fairchild Aerial Surveys Inc
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Equipment Used to Make High-Altitude Photographs (1924)
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that "chase" and photograph other aircraft in flight.
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Aerial photographic and satellite image interpretation
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Aerial Photographic Techniques Suitable for Children
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Aerial photography typically refers specifically to
150:. Handheld cameras may be manually operated by the 1996:"Topographic spatial characterisation of grey seal 1009:and photographs taken from a high angle are called 952:
At a height of more than 400 feet above the surface
2000:breeding habitat at a sub-seal size spatial grain" 2037:) prefer access to fresh water in order to drink" 1062:http://www.armadale.org.uk/aerialthermography.htm 799:, construction progress, commercial advertising, 514:), taking photographs from the British dirigible 4407: 2557:. University of Maryland, Baltimore County. 1999 1855:"Nine Lens Aerial Camera Films 600 Square Miles" 1852: 1833: 961:Article 95 small unmanned surveillance aircraft 889:Because anything capable of being viewed from a 2024: 1292:Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 14th Duke of Hamilton 710:aircraft, at the time it was radical thinking. 2269:Steve Hynes (October 1994). "Eye in the Sky". 2076: 1900:Aviator Extraordinary: The Sidney Cotton Story 1896: 1108:Vertical photographs are often used to create 2786: 2030: 1987: 1952: 1127:, such as are used by mapping agencies (e.g. 2743:INTERACTIVE MAP OF Drone "Restriction Areas" 2618: 2551:"Lecture 6.1: Classification of Photographs" 2352:. Australian Civil Aviation Safety Authority 2285:"Understanding how your drone is controlled" 1499: 647:(mapping from aerial photographs), with the 4338:Conservation and restoration of photographs 2268: 2206:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 1993: 1958: 1924: 1922: 1920: 1873:"Edgerton in World War II: Before Edgerton" 1811:The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft 496:Germany adopted the first aerial camera, a 4075:Comparison of digital and film photography 2793: 2779: 2501:"Security Sensitive Airspace Restrictions" 2350:"List of UAS Operator Certificate Holders" 2141: 2139: 2079:IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 1216:In film production, it is common to use a 4295:Photographs considered the most important 2748:National Collection of Aerial Photography 2015: 1813:. Barnes & Noble Books. p. 382. 1348:National Collection of Aerial Photography 1001:Photographs taken at an angle are called 783:. Oblique aerial photography is used for 192:, where one or more aircraft are used as 188:objects, and should not be confused with 102:Platforms for aerial photography include 2306:"Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998" 1917: 1178: 1055: 1032: 1019: 992: 678: 603: 592: 472: 427: 385:Tottenham and Hampstead Junction Railway 370: 362: 313: 160: 63: 48: 29: 27:Taking images of the ground from the air 2156: 2136: 1930:"Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing" 1729:"Lieutenant Leonard T.E. Taplin, D.F.C" 1701:Marshall Cavendish Corporation (2003). 1658:"A Brief History of Aerial Photography" 1597:. arch.ced.berkeley.edu. Archived from 1200:With advancements in video technology, 764:Vertical aerial photography is used in 383:, and Seven Sisters Curve, part of the 14: 4408: 2392: 1808: 1731:. Southsearepublic.org. Archived from 1592: 1566: 1564: 1157: 856:Regulation of unmanned aerial vehicles 805:Phase I Environmental Site Assessments 727:No. 1 Photographic Reconnaissance Unit 2774: 2738:Aerial photography and remote sensing 2574: 1570: 1532:"The Story of the Earth's Atmosphere" 1053:and documented geometric properties. 659:in his aerial photographic business. 2133:FAR part 91 section 119(14CFR91.119) 1903:. Chatto & Windus. p. 169. 1704:How It Works: Science and Technology 1647:from victorian-cinema.net, July 2015 1542: 1540: 462:Wilbur Wright und seine Flugmaschine 253: 250:Aerial reconnaissance § History 154:, while mounted cameras are usually 4290:Museums devoted to one photographer 2393:Huerta, Michael P. (18 June 2014). 2182:Chaversfirst1=Marcus (2018-10-04). 2031:Stewart, J.E.; et al. (2014). 1580:Friends of West Norwood. Newsletter 1561: 1399:VisionMap A3 Digital Mapping Camera 1028: 928:Article 94 small unmanned aircraft 893:is considered outside the realm of 819: 24: 3837:Timeline of photography technology 2766:Usage for Historical Aerial Photos 2682: 2555:The Remote Sensing Core Curriculum 2448:Public Law 112–95, section 336(c). 2017:10.1111/j.1600-0587.2001.tb00198.x 1707:. Marshall Cavendish. p. 33. 1483:, London and Boston, Focal Press, 870:operated for commercial purposes. 666:who started his own aircraft firm 25: 4442: 2707: 2581:Remote Sensing Tutorial Page 10-1 2328:"Civil Aviation Safety Authority" 1994:Twiss, S.D.; et al. (2001). 1834:Hearst Magazines (October 1935). 1537: 1123:Orthophotos are commonly used in 1037:Vertical Orientation Aerial Photo 914: 553:used five Australian pilots from 4388: 4378: 4377: 2722: 2712: 2577:"Elements of Aerial Photography" 1861:. Hearst Magazines. p. 571. 1842:. Hearst Magazines. p. 535. 1317:First images of Earth from space 1103: 873: 775:, which are often the basis for 356:on October 13, 1860, it depicts 258: 228:), fixed firmly to ground (e.g. 4389: 2800: 2657: 2602: 2568: 2543: 2518: 2493: 2465: 2451: 2442: 2412: 2386: 2364: 2342: 2320: 2298: 2277: 2262: 2238: 2214: 2175: 2150: 2123: 2113: 2070: 1890: 1865: 1853:Hearst Magazines (April 1936). 1846: 1827: 1802: 1793: 1764: 1746: 1721: 1694: 1676: 1650: 1633: 1612: 1534:. p. 174. Retrieved 2011-04-16. 674: 484:'s balloon on November 21, 1904 220:that are either handheld (e.g. 2637:(5). New York, NY: ACM: 1–33. 2575:Short, Nicholas (2010-04-28). 1934:University of Colorado Boulder 1593:Benton, Cris (June 25, 2010). 1586: 1524: 1493: 1479:Ron Graham and Roger E. Read, 1473: 1461: 1437: 1412: 1125:geographic information systems 849: 636:along with pilot entrepreneur 626:Aircraft Manufacturing Company 468: 53:An aerial view of the city of 13: 1: 3887:Painted photography backdrops 3819:Golden triangle (composition) 3094:35 mm equivalent focal length 2727:The dictionary definition of 2157:Guthrie, Brett (2018-10-05). 1468:History of Aerial Photography 1405: 1246:Aerial photographers category 1087:Stereo photography techniques 630:De Havilland Aircraft Company 588: 536:in 1915 with the help of the 504:Frederick Charles Victor Laws 437: 276:Aerial reconnaissance#History 34:An aerial photograph using a 2131:Federal Aviation Regulations 1684:"Royal Flying Corps Founded" 1595:"The First Kite Photographs" 1481:Manual of Aerial Photography 1312:Federal Aviation Regulations 1196:, filmed with a drone (2014) 860: 579:Royal Aircraft Factory BE.12 379:, showing Stonebridge Road, 158:or triggered automatically. 7: 3597:Intentional camera movement 1530:Archibald, Douglas (1897). 1223: 1154:to simulate 3D landscapes. 1067: 810: 272:the scope of other articles 10: 4447: 4285:Most expensive photographs 3642:Multi-exposure HDR capture 1961:The Photogrammetric Record 988: 853: 828:have made it possible for 247: 243: 172:captured by a drone-camera 40:Westerheversand Lighthouse 4373: 4330: 4277: 4182: 4125: 4031: 3915: 3827: 3779: 3519: 3286: 3086: 2808: 2271:Professional Photographer 1548:"The Shadbolt Collection" 1355:model photographic rocket 1112:, alternatively known as 713:They proposed the use of 218:on top of very tall poles 4219:Digital image processing 2692:. : Military Book Club. 2099:10.1109/LGRS.2007.895714 1332:Historic England Archive 1308:A WWII era aerial camera 1287:Battle of Neuve Chapelle 1174: 1146:overlays orthophotos or 983: 717:with their armament and 527:Battle of Neuve Chapelle 334:Gaspard-FĂ©lix Tournachon 309: 112:unmanned aerial vehicles 4426:Occupations in aviation 3892:Photography and the law 1973:10.1111/0031-868X.00080 1897:Cotton, Sidney (1969). 1789:(subscription required) 1758:www.screenonline.org.uk 1394:Unmanned aerial vehicle 1338:Kite aerial photography 1294:1932 photo flight over 1218:unmanned aerial vehicle 1152:digital elevation model 975:charge of the aircraft. 826:radio controlled models 807:for property analysis. 759: 490:reconnaissance aircraft 432:Antique postcard using 425:with its capabilities. 392:Kite aerial photography 360:from a height of 630m. 91:platforms. When taking 4431:Regulation of aircraft 4239:Gelatin silver process 3263:Science of photography 3248:Photographic processes 3226:Perspective distortion 2688:Price, Alfred (2003). 1936:. 2011. Archived from 1809:Donald, David (1997). 1197: 1064: 1038: 1025: 998: 779:), land-use planning, 691: 609: 601: 485: 444: 388: 368: 326: 190:air-to-air photography 173: 95:, it is also known as 69: 61: 46: 3697:Schlieren photography 3236:Photographic printing 3159:Exposure compensation 2721:at Wikimedia Commons 2631:ACM Computing Surveys 2462:, 476 U.S. 206 (1986) 2459:California v. Ciraolo 2044:Marine Mammal Science 1620:"Arthur Batut Museum" 1384:Scheimpflug principle 1191: 1059: 1036: 1023: 996: 682: 607: 596: 476: 431: 374: 366: 317: 290:splitting the content 284:and help introduce a 180:images that focus on 164: 67: 52: 33: 4421:Photography by genre 3481:Straight photography 3119:Chromatic aberration 2613:Extension Foundation 1641:Albert Samama Chikly 1571:Colin, Fenn (2016). 1510:Smithsonian Magazine 1301:Elevated photography 1282:Aviation photography 1272:Air observation post 1241:Aerial landscape art 1236:Aerial Image Library 1047:image interpretation 997:Oblique Aerial Photo 729:(PRU). In 1928, the 575:Edward Patrick Kenny 571:Allan Runciman Brown 480:, photographed from 478:Giza pyramid complex 449:Albert Samama Chikly 419:Samuel Franklin Cody 230:surveillance cameras 198:Elevated photography 114:(UAVs or "drones"), 4348:photographic plates 4033:Digital photography 3211:Hyperfocal distance 3124:Circle of confusion 2430:. 25 September 2014 2091:2007IGRSL...4..387Y 2056:2014MMamS..30.1456S 1940:on October 30, 2014 1664:on 6 September 2008 1420:"aerial photograph" 1158:Leaf-off or leaf-on 1003:oblique photographs 622:Stag Lane Aerodrome 618:Claude Graham White 534:John Moore-Brabazon 350:James Wallace Black 292:into a new article. 236:) or mounted above 210:suspended on cables 104:fixed-wing aircraft 79:) is the taking of 4416:Aerial photography 3852:Autochrome Lumière 3847:Analog photography 3672:Pigeon photography 3461:Social documentary 2940:discontinued films 2759:2013-03-25 at the 2730:aerial photography 2719:Aerial photography 2035:Halichoerus grypus 1998:Halichoerus grypus 1369:Pigeon photography 1231:Aerial archaeology 1198: 1065: 1039: 1026: 999: 781:aerial archaeology 703:Maurice Longbottom 692: 668:Fairchild Aircraft 610: 602: 555:No. 1 Squadron AFC 512:No. 1 Squadron RAF 508:Royal Flying Corps 486: 445: 389: 369: 354:Samuel Archer King 327: 282:discuss this issue 206:vantage structures 174: 97:aerial videography 73:Aerial photography 70: 62: 47: 18:Aerial photographs 4403: 4402: 4204:Collodion process 4140:Chromogenic print 4127:Color photography 3637:Multiple exposure 3612:Lo-fi photography 3139:Color temperature 2717:Media related to 2615:, August 21, 2019 2591:on March 17, 2011 2273:. pp. 53–56. 2064:10.1111/mms.12126 1840:Popular Mechanics 1643:, archived from 1503:(April 3, 2013). 1379:Satellite imagery 1189: 1148:satellite imagery 768:(particularly in 664:Sherman Fairchild 482:Eduard Spelterini 307: 306: 156:remotely operated 16:(Redirected from 4438: 4392: 4391: 4381: 4380: 4259:Print permanence 4209:Cross processing 4167:CMYK color model 4152:Color management 4105:Foveon X3 sensor 4100:Three-CCD camera 3744:Miniature faking 3702:Sabattier effect 3314:Astrophotography 3169:Zebra patterning 2795: 2788: 2781: 2772: 2771: 2726: 2716: 2676: 2675: 2673: 2671: 2661: 2655: 2654: 2622: 2616: 2606: 2600: 2599: 2597: 2596: 2587:. Archived from 2572: 2566: 2565: 2563: 2562: 2547: 2541: 2540: 2538: 2536: 2522: 2516: 2515: 2513: 2511: 2497: 2491: 2490: 2488: 2486: 2477: 2469: 2463: 2455: 2449: 2446: 2440: 2439: 2437: 2435: 2416: 2410: 2409: 2407: 2405: 2399: 2390: 2384: 2383: 2381: 2379: 2368: 2362: 2361: 2359: 2357: 2346: 2340: 2339: 2337: 2335: 2324: 2318: 2317: 2315: 2313: 2302: 2296: 2295: 2293: 2291: 2281: 2275: 2274: 2266: 2260: 2259: 2257: 2256: 2242: 2236: 2235: 2233: 2232: 2218: 2212: 2211: 2205: 2197: 2195: 2194: 2179: 2173: 2172: 2170: 2169: 2163:www.congress.gov 2154: 2148: 2146:Federal register 2143: 2134: 2127: 2121: 2117: 2111: 2110: 2074: 2068: 2067: 2050:(4): 1456–1472. 2041: 2028: 2022: 2021: 2019: 1991: 1985: 1984: 1956: 1950: 1949: 1947: 1945: 1926: 1915: 1914: 1894: 1888: 1887: 1885: 1883: 1869: 1863: 1862: 1850: 1844: 1843: 1831: 1825: 1824: 1806: 1800: 1797: 1791: 1790: 1787: 1785: 1783: 1768: 1762: 1761: 1750: 1744: 1743: 1741: 1740: 1725: 1719: 1718: 1698: 1692: 1691: 1680: 1674: 1673: 1671: 1669: 1660:. Archived from 1654: 1648: 1637: 1631: 1630: 1628: 1627: 1616: 1610: 1609: 1607: 1606: 1590: 1584: 1583: 1577: 1568: 1559: 1558: 1556: 1554: 1544: 1535: 1528: 1522: 1521: 1519: 1517: 1497: 1491: 1477: 1471: 1465: 1459: 1458: 1456: 1455: 1441: 1435: 1434: 1432: 1430: 1416: 1190: 1029:Vertical (Nadir) 939:(1,600 ft)) 910: 820:Radio-controlled 785:movie production 777:topographic maps 573:, H. L. Fraser, 538:Thornton-Pickard 442: 439: 302: 299: 293: 262: 261: 254: 77:airborne imagery 21: 4446: 4445: 4441: 4440: 4439: 4437: 4436: 4435: 4406: 4405: 4404: 4399: 4369: 4326: 4273: 4264:Push processing 4185: 4178: 4172:RGB color model 4121: 4027: 3911: 3823: 3789:Diagonal method 3775: 3515: 3419:Photojournalism 3282: 3114:Black-and-white 3082: 3061:Slide projector 3056:Movie projector 2935:available films 2804: 2799: 2761:Wayback Machine 2710: 2685: 2683:Further reading 2680: 2679: 2669: 2667: 2663: 2662: 2658: 2643:10.1145/3347713 2623: 2619: 2607: 2603: 2594: 2592: 2573: 2569: 2560: 2558: 2549: 2548: 2544: 2534: 2532: 2530:Aerial Republic 2524: 2523: 2519: 2509: 2507: 2499: 2498: 2494: 2484: 2482: 2475: 2471: 2470: 2466: 2456: 2452: 2447: 2443: 2433: 2431: 2418: 2417: 2413: 2403: 2401: 2397: 2391: 2387: 2377: 2375: 2370: 2369: 2365: 2355: 2353: 2348: 2347: 2343: 2333: 2331: 2326: 2325: 2321: 2311: 2309: 2304: 2303: 2299: 2289: 2287: 2283: 2282: 2278: 2267: 2263: 2254: 2252: 2244: 2243: 2239: 2230: 2228: 2220: 2219: 2215: 2199: 2198: 2192: 2190: 2180: 2176: 2167: 2165: 2155: 2151: 2144: 2137: 2128: 2124: 2118: 2114: 2075: 2071: 2039: 2029: 2025: 1992: 1988: 1967:(89): 715–724. 1957: 1953: 1943: 1941: 1928: 1927: 1918: 1911: 1895: 1891: 1881: 1879: 1871: 1870: 1866: 1859:Popular Science 1851: 1847: 1832: 1828: 1821: 1807: 1803: 1798: 1794: 1788: 1781: 1779: 1770: 1769: 1765: 1752: 1751: 1747: 1738: 1736: 1727: 1726: 1722: 1715: 1699: 1695: 1682: 1681: 1677: 1667: 1665: 1656: 1655: 1651: 1639:Luke McKernan, 1638: 1634: 1625: 1623: 1618: 1617: 1613: 1604: 1602: 1591: 1587: 1575: 1569: 1562: 1552: 1550: 1546: 1545: 1538: 1529: 1525: 1515: 1513: 1498: 1494: 1478: 1474: 1466: 1462: 1453: 1451: 1443: 1442: 1438: 1428: 1426: 1424:Merrian Webster 1418: 1417: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1226: 1194:Cliffs of Moher 1179: 1177: 1160: 1129:Ordnance Survey 1106: 1079:can be made by 1070: 1031: 991: 986: 917: 908: 876: 863: 858: 852: 822: 813: 770:photogrammetric 762: 750:V-1 flying bomb 677: 649:Ordnance Survey 591: 551:General Allenby 471: 440: 375:Aerial view by 340:, in 1858 over 312: 303: 297: 294: 279: 274:, specifically 263: 259: 252: 246: 178:bird's-eye view 93:motion pictures 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4444: 4434: 4433: 4428: 4423: 4418: 4401: 4400: 4398: 4397: 4386: 4374: 4371: 4370: 4368: 4367: 4362: 4357: 4352: 4351: 4350: 4345: 4334: 4332: 4328: 4327: 4325: 4324: 4323: 4322: 4317: 4312: 4307: 4297: 4292: 4287: 4281: 4279: 4275: 4274: 4272: 4271: 4266: 4261: 4256: 4251: 4246: 4241: 4236: 4231: 4226: 4221: 4216: 4211: 4206: 4201: 4196: 4190: 4188: 4180: 4179: 4177: 4176: 4175: 4174: 4169: 4164: 4159: 4149: 4144: 4143: 4142: 4131: 4129: 4123: 4122: 4120: 4119: 4114: 4109: 4108: 4107: 4102: 4097: 4092: 4082: 4077: 4072: 4067: 4066: 4065: 4060: 4055: 4054: 4053: 4041:Digital camera 4037: 4035: 4029: 4028: 4026: 4025: 4020: 4015: 4010: 4005: 4000: 3995: 3990: 3985: 3980: 3975: 3970: 3965: 3960: 3955: 3950: 3945: 3940: 3935: 3930: 3925: 3919: 3917: 3913: 3912: 3910: 3909: 3904: 3899: 3894: 3889: 3884: 3879: 3874: 3869: 3867:Camera obscura 3864: 3859: 3854: 3849: 3844: 3839: 3833: 3831: 3825: 3824: 3822: 3821: 3816: 3811: 3809:Rule of thirds 3806: 3801: 3796: 3791: 3785: 3783: 3777: 3776: 3774: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3758: 3753: 3748: 3747: 3746: 3736: 3731: 3730: 3729: 3719: 3714: 3709: 3704: 3699: 3694: 3689: 3684: 3679: 3674: 3669: 3664: 3659: 3654: 3649: 3644: 3639: 3634: 3629: 3624: 3619: 3614: 3609: 3604: 3599: 3594: 3589: 3584: 3579: 3577:Harris shutter 3574: 3572:Hand-colouring 3569: 3564: 3559: 3554: 3549: 3544: 3539: 3534: 3529: 3523: 3521: 3517: 3516: 3514: 3513: 3508: 3503: 3498: 3493: 3488: 3483: 3478: 3473: 3468: 3463: 3458: 3457: 3456: 3446: 3441: 3436: 3431: 3426: 3421: 3416: 3411: 3406: 3401: 3396: 3391: 3386: 3381: 3376: 3371: 3366: 3361: 3356: 3351: 3346: 3341: 3336: 3331: 3326: 3321: 3316: 3311: 3306: 3301: 3296: 3290: 3288: 3284: 3283: 3281: 3280: 3275: 3270: 3265: 3260: 3258:Red-eye effect 3255: 3250: 3245: 3244: 3243: 3233: 3228: 3223: 3218: 3213: 3208: 3203: 3198: 3193: 3192: 3191: 3186: 3176: 3171: 3166: 3164:Exposure value 3161: 3156: 3151: 3149:Depth of focus 3146: 3144:Depth of field 3141: 3136: 3131: 3126: 3121: 3116: 3111: 3106: 3101: 3096: 3090: 3088: 3084: 3083: 3081: 3080: 3075: 3074: 3073: 3063: 3058: 3053: 3048: 3043: 3042: 3041: 3036: 3031: 3026: 3021: 3016: 3011: 3001: 3000: 2999: 2994: 2989: 2984: 2979: 2974: 2969: 2964: 2959: 2949: 2944: 2943: 2942: 2937: 2932: 2927: 2922: 2917: 2907: 2902: 2901: 2900: 2895: 2885: 2884: 2883: 2878: 2873: 2868: 2863: 2858: 2853: 2848: 2843: 2838: 2833: 2828: 2823: 2812: 2810: 2806: 2805: 2798: 2797: 2790: 2783: 2775: 2769: 2768: 2763: 2751: 2745: 2740: 2733:at Wiktionary 2709: 2708:External links 2706: 2705: 2704: 2684: 2681: 2678: 2677: 2656: 2617: 2601: 2567: 2542: 2526:"UK Drone law" 2517: 2492: 2464: 2450: 2441: 2411: 2385: 2363: 2341: 2319: 2297: 2276: 2261: 2237: 2213: 2174: 2149: 2135: 2129:United States 2122: 2112: 2085:(3): 387–391. 2069: 2023: 2010:(3): 257–266. 1986: 1951: 1916: 1909: 1889: 1864: 1845: 1826: 1819: 1801: 1792: 1763: 1745: 1720: 1713: 1693: 1675: 1649: 1632: 1611: 1585: 1560: 1536: 1523: 1492: 1472: 1460: 1436: 1410: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1402: 1401: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1376: 1374:Remote sensing 1371: 1366: 1361: 1359:Photogrammetry 1356: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1335: 1329: 1324: 1322:Geoinformatics 1319: 1314: 1309: 1306:Fairchild K-20 1303: 1298: 1289: 1284: 1279: 1274: 1269: 1264: 1258: 1253: 1248: 1243: 1238: 1233: 1227: 1225: 1222: 1176: 1173: 1159: 1156: 1114:orthophotomaps 1105: 1102: 1101: 1100: 1097: 1090: 1084: 1069: 1066: 1043:photogrammetry 1030: 1027: 990: 987: 985: 982: 977: 976: 972: 969: 966: 959: 958: 955: 954: 953: 950: 947: 940: 936: 933: 916: 915:United Kingdom 913: 875: 872: 862: 859: 851: 848: 843:Robert Channon 830:model aircraft 821: 818: 812: 809: 761: 758: 700:Flying Officer 676: 673: 645:photogrammetry 590: 587: 567:Leonard Taplin 565:. Lieutenants 470: 467: 396:Cecil Shadbolt 377:Cecil Shadbolt 325:, May 25, 1862 319:HonorĂ© Daumier 311: 308: 305: 304: 266: 264: 257: 245: 242: 140:action cameras 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4443: 4432: 4429: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4417: 4414: 4413: 4411: 4396: 4387: 4385: 4376: 4375: 4372: 4366: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4349: 4346: 4344: 4341: 4340: 4339: 4336: 4335: 4333: 4329: 4321: 4318: 4316: 4313: 4311: 4308: 4306: 4303: 4302: 4301: 4300:Photographers 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4286: 4283: 4282: 4280: 4276: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4257: 4255: 4252: 4250: 4247: 4245: 4242: 4240: 4237: 4235: 4232: 4230: 4227: 4225: 4222: 4220: 4217: 4215: 4212: 4210: 4207: 4205: 4202: 4200: 4197: 4195: 4194:Bleach bypass 4192: 4191: 4189: 4187: 4181: 4173: 4170: 4168: 4165: 4163: 4162:primary color 4160: 4158: 4155: 4154: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4147:Reversal film 4145: 4141: 4138: 4137: 4136: 4133: 4132: 4130: 4128: 4124: 4118: 4115: 4113: 4112:Image sharing 4110: 4106: 4103: 4101: 4098: 4096: 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3693: 3690: 3688: 3685: 3683: 3682:Rephotography 3680: 3678: 3675: 3673: 3670: 3668: 3665: 3663: 3660: 3658: 3655: 3653: 3650: 3648: 3645: 3643: 3640: 3638: 3635: 3633: 3630: 3628: 3625: 3623: 3620: 3618: 3617:Long-exposure 3615: 3613: 3610: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3585: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3575: 3573: 3570: 3568: 3565: 3563: 3560: 3558: 3555: 3553: 3550: 3548: 3545: 3543: 3540: 3538: 3535: 3533: 3530: 3528: 3525: 3524: 3522: 3518: 3512: 3509: 3507: 3504: 3502: 3499: 3497: 3494: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3484: 3482: 3479: 3477: 3474: 3472: 3469: 3467: 3464: 3462: 3459: 3455: 3452: 3451: 3450: 3447: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3430: 3427: 3425: 3422: 3420: 3417: 3415: 3412: 3410: 3407: 3405: 3402: 3400: 3397: 3395: 3392: 3390: 3387: 3385: 3382: 3380: 3377: 3375: 3372: 3370: 3367: 3365: 3362: 3360: 3357: 3355: 3352: 3350: 3347: 3345: 3342: 3340: 3337: 3335: 3332: 3330: 3327: 3325: 3322: 3320: 3317: 3315: 3312: 3310: 3309:Architectural 3307: 3305: 3302: 3300: 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1296:Mount Everest 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1262: 1259: 1257: 1256:Aerial survey 1254: 1252: 1249: 1247: 1244: 1242: 1239: 1237: 1234: 1232: 1229: 1228: 1221: 1219: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1203: 1195: 1172: 1170: 1165: 1155: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1140:OpenStreetMap 1137: 1132: 1130: 1126: 1121: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1104:Orthophotomap 1098: 1095: 1091: 1088: 1085: 1082: 1078: 1075: 1074: 1073: 1063: 1058: 1054: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1035: 1022: 1018: 1016: 1015:steep oblique 1012: 1008: 1004: 995: 981: 973: 970: 967: 964: 963: 962: 956: 951: 948: 945: 944: 941: 937: 934: 931: 930: 929: 926: 923: 920: 912: 905: 901: 898: 896: 892: 887: 883: 879: 874:United States 871: 867: 857: 847: 844: 838: 835: 831: 827: 817: 808: 806: 802: 798: 794: 790: 789:environmental 786: 782: 778: 774: 771: 767: 757: 755: 751: 747: 743: 738: 736: 735:RAF Medmenham 732: 728: 724: 720: 716: 711: 708: 704: 701: 697: 696:Sidney Cotton 689: 685: 684:Sidney Cotton 681: 672: 669: 665: 660: 658: 657:Carl Zeiss AG 654: 650: 646: 641: 639: 635: 631: 627: 623: 619: 615: 606: 599: 598:New York City 595: 586: 584: 580: 576: 572: 568: 564: 560: 556: 552: 547: 542: 539: 535: 530: 528: 523: 519: 518: 513: 509: 505: 501: 499: 494: 491: 483: 479: 475: 466: 464: 463: 458: 454: 450: 435: 430: 426: 424: 420: 416: 411: 409: 405: 404:Stamford Hill 401: 397: 393: 386: 382: 381:Stamford Hill 378: 373: 365: 361: 359: 355: 351: 347: 343: 339: 335: 332: 324: 320: 316: 301: 291: 287: 286:summary style 283: 277: 273: 271: 267:This section 265: 256: 255: 251: 241: 239: 235: 231: 227: 226:selfie sticks 223: 219: 215: 211: 207: 203: 199: 195: 191: 187: 183: 179: 171: 167: 163: 159: 157: 153: 149: 145: 141: 137: 133: 129: 125: 121: 117: 113: 109: 105: 100: 98: 94: 90: 86: 82: 78: 74: 66: 60: 56: 51: 45: 41: 37: 32: 19: 4360:Polaroid art 4254:K-14 process 4249:Instant film 4244:Gum printing 4199:C-41 process 4184:Photographic 4085:Image sensor 4080:Film scanner 3734:Sun printing 3667:Print toning 3454:space selfie 3424:Pictorialism 3354:Ethnographic 3334:Conservation 3298: 3206:Guide number 3201:Focal length 2729: 2711: 2693: 2689: 2668:. Retrieved 2659: 2634: 2630: 2620: 2612: 2611:, MapaSyst, 2604: 2593:. Retrieved 2589:the original 2580: 2570: 2559:. Retrieved 2554: 2545: 2533:. Retrieved 2529: 2520: 2508:. Retrieved 2504: 2495: 2483:. Retrieved 2479: 2467: 2457: 2453: 2444: 2432:. Retrieved 2423: 2414: 2402:. Retrieved 2388: 2376:. Retrieved 2374:. CASA. 2016 2366: 2354:. Retrieved 2344: 2332:. Retrieved 2322: 2310:. Retrieved 2300: 2288:. Retrieved 2279: 2270: 2264: 2253:. Retrieved 2249: 2240: 2229:. Retrieved 2225: 2216: 2191:. Retrieved 2187: 2177: 2166:. Retrieved 2162: 2152: 2125: 2115: 2082: 2078: 2072: 2047: 2043: 2034: 2026: 2007: 2003: 1997: 1989: 1964: 1960: 1954: 1942:. Retrieved 1938:the original 1933: 1899: 1892: 1880:. Retrieved 1876: 1867: 1858: 1848: 1839: 1829: 1810: 1804: 1795: 1780:. Retrieved 1775: 1766: 1757: 1748: 1737:. Retrieved 1733:the original 1723: 1703: 1696: 1687: 1678: 1666:. Retrieved 1662:the original 1652: 1635: 1624:. Retrieved 1614: 1603:. 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Retrieved 1423: 1414: 1327:Harvey Lloyd 1215: 1211: 1207: 1202:aerial video 1199: 1161: 1144:Google Earth 1133: 1122: 1107: 1071: 1040: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1002: 1000: 978: 960: 927: 924: 921: 918: 906: 902: 899: 891:public space 888: 884: 880: 877: 868: 864: 839: 824:Advances in 823: 814: 801:conveyancing 797:surveillance 795:inspection, 763: 742:stereoscopic 739: 712: 693: 675:World War II 661: 642: 632:), hired an 611: 543: 531: 522:stereoscopic 516: 502: 495: 487: 460: 446: 415:Arthur Batut 412: 407: 390: 328: 323:Le Boulevard 322: 298:October 2020 295: 268: 204:from a high 202:telephotoing 194:chase planes 175: 152:photographer 101: 96: 76: 72: 71: 4365:Stereoscopy 4229:E-6 process 4224:Dye coupler 4157:color space 4070:Digiscoping 4063:camera back 3978:Philippines 3907:Visual arts 3897:Glass plate 3882:Heliography 3781:Composition 3756:Ultraviolet 3712:Stereoscopy 3707:Slow motion 3692:Scanography 3607:Kite aerial 3547:Contre-jour 3439:Post-mortem 3429:Pornography 3409:Neues Sehen 3344:Documentary 3278:Zone System 3253:Reciprocity 3179:Film format 3109:Backscatter 3087:Terminology 2957:beauty dish 2856:rangefinder 2821:light-field 2802:Photography 2356:January 24, 2334:January 24, 2312:January 24, 2250:www.faa.gov 2226:www.faa.gov 1877:web.mit.edu 1622:(in French) 1136:Google Maps 1110:orthophotos 1007:low oblique 850:Regulations 834:real-estate 766:cartography 723:Spitfire PR 688:Lockheed 12 653:Milton Kent 638:Alan Cobham 628:(later the 563:cartography 546:focal power 469:World War I 441: 1911 436:technique ( 400:gas balloon 336:, known as 234:crane shots 166:Hraunfossar 148:wingsuiting 138:, or using 108:helicopters 81:photographs 4410:Categories 4355:Lomography 4186:processing 4135:Print film 4051:comparison 4018:Uzbekistan 3968:Luxembourg 3928:Bangladesh 3877:Dufaycolor 3857:Box camera 3814:Simplicity 3771:Zoom burst 3766:Xerography 3761:Vignetting 3751:Time-lapse 3739:Tilt–shift 3632:Mordançage 3622:Luminogram 3587:Holography 3582:High-speed 3562:Fill flash 3542:Burst mode 3520:Techniques 3501:Vernacular 3496:Underwater 3491:Toy camera 3471:Still life 3399:Monochrome 3389:High-speed 3339:Cloudscape 3329:Conceptual 3231:Photograph 3216:Lens flare 3196:Film speed 3078:Zone plate 3024:wide-angle 3009:long-focus 2595:2011-03-25 2561:2011-03-25 2378:October 5, 2255:2019-06-23 2231:2019-06-23 2193:2019-06-23 2188:News Ledge 2168:2019-06-23 1739:2013-01-24 1626:2008-01-08 1605:2011-04-16 1582:(86): 6–8. 1454:2023-03-09 1406:References 1389:TopoFlight 1364:Pictometry 1094:pictometry 1051:calibrated 854:See also: 793:power line 754:V-2 rocket 746:R.V. Jones 634:Airco DH.9 589:Commercial 583:Martinsyde 453:Hammam-Lif 434:kite photo 423:War Office 413:Frenchman 331:balloonist 270:duplicates 248:See also: 182:landscapes 124:dirigibles 4305:Norwegian 4269:Stop bath 4214:Developer 3842:Ambrotype 3804:Lead room 3727:Slit-scan 3662:Photogram 3657:Panoramic 3567:Fireworks 3552:Cyanotype 3394:Landscape 3039:telephoto 2987:reflector 2982:monolight 2977:lens hood 2962:cucoloris 2898:safelight 2809:Equipment 2651:202676119 2434:4 October 2404:5 October 2004:Ecography 1981:140189982 1944:March 25, 1782:30 August 1776:The Times 1516:April 17, 1429:2 October 1261:Aerofilms 1164:deciduous 1081:stitching 1077:Panoramas 861:Australia 791:studies, 715:Spitfires 614:Aerofilms 559:Palestine 457:Grombalia 447:In 1908, 144:skydiving 87:or other 4384:Category 4090:CMOS APS 3988:Slovenia 3916:Regional 3862:Calotype 3799:Headroom 3677:Redscale 3592:Infrared 3537:Brenizer 3511:Wildlife 3434:Portrait 3379:Forensic 3369:Fine-art 3304:Aircraft 3294:Abstract 3174:F-number 3154:Exposure 3129:Clipping 3104:Aperture 2972:hot shoe 2893:enlarger 2888:Darkroom 2757:Archived 2670:23 March 2510:April 7, 2290:27 March 2202:cite web 2107:33499293 1882:23 March 1668:23 March 1645:archived 1553:27 April 1277:Astrocam 1224:See also 1068:Combined 811:Aircraft 752:and the 694:In 1939 238:vehicles 222:monopods 116:balloons 89:airborne 85:aircraft 83:from an 4395:Outline 4331:Related 4023:Vietnam 4008:Ukraine 3943:Denmark 3923:Albania 3902:Tintype 3829:History 3794:Framing 3687:Rollout 3652:Panning 3602:Kirlian 3506:Wedding 3384:Glamour 3364:Fashion 3349:Eclipse 3319:Banquet 3241:Albumen 3051:Monopod 3029:fisheye 2997:softbox 2846:pinhole 2836:instant 2826:digital 2535:May 17, 2485:21 June 2087:Bibcode 2052:Bibcode 1150:onto a 989:Oblique 895:privacy 773:surveys 705:of the 510:(later 338:"Nadar" 280:Please 244:History 186:surface 170:Iceland 132:pigeons 128:rockets 59:Finland 44:Germany 4393:  4382:  4315:street 4310:Polish 4003:Turkey 3998:Taiwan 3983:Serbia 3973:Norway 3948:Greece 3933:Canada 3527:Afocal 3486:Street 3466:Sports 3449:Selfie 3404:Nature 3359:Erotic 3324:Candid 3299:Aerial 3287:Genres 3189:medium 3066:Tripod 3034:swivel 2947:Filter 2925:holder 2920:format 2816:Camera 2700:  2649:  2105:  1979:  1907:  1817:  1711:  1487:  1449:Oddivo 1353:Oracle 719:radios 358:Boston 346:France 214:Skycam 212:(e.g. 142:while 120:blimps 4320:women 4278:Lists 4234:Fixer 4117:Pixel 4046:D-SLR 3993:Sudan 3963:Korea 3958:Japan 3953:India 3938:China 3722:Strip 3647:Night 3627:Macro 3532:Bokeh 3476:Stock 3444:Ruins 3184:large 3014:prime 2992:snoot 2952:Flash 2930:stock 2905:Drone 2866:still 2851:press 2841:phone 2831:field 2647:S2CID 2476:(PDF) 2400:. FAA 2398:(PDF) 2120:38(1) 2103:S2CID 2040:(PDF) 1977:S2CID 1576:(PDF) 1343:Lidar 1175:Video 1169:yield 1118:nadir 984:Types 342:Paris 310:Early 216:) or 136:kites 36:drone 4343:film 4058:MILC 3557:ETTR 3414:Nude 3374:Fire 3273:Sync 3071:head 3019:zoom 3004:Lens 2967:gobo 2915:base 2910:Film 2881:view 2698:ISBN 2672:2023 2585:NASA 2537:2017 2512:2017 2487:2016 2436:2014 2406:2016 2380:2016 2358:2013 2336:2013 2314:2013 2292:2023 2208:link 1946:2011 1905:ISBN 1884:2023 1815:ISBN 1784:2012 1709:ISBN 1670:2023 1555:2020 1518:2013 1485:ISBN 1431:2017 1192:The 1045:and 1011:high 760:Uses 698:and 581:and 517:Beta 498:Görz 455:and 352:and 232:and 224:and 184:and 122:and 75:(or 55:Pori 4095:CCD 2876:toy 2871:TLR 2861:SLR 2694:N.B 2639:doi 2505:FAA 2480:FAA 2428:FAA 2095:doi 2060:doi 2012:doi 1969:doi 1092:In 1013:or 909:CFR 731:RAF 707:RAF 686:'s 146:or 38:of 4412:: 2645:. 2635:52 2633:. 2629:. 2583:. 2579:. 2553:. 2528:. 2503:. 2478:. 2426:. 2422:. 2248:. 2224:. 2204:}} 2200:{{ 2186:. 2161:. 2138:^ 2101:. 2093:. 2081:. 2058:. 2048:30 2046:. 2042:. 2008:24 2006:. 2002:. 1975:. 1965:15 1963:. 1932:. 1919:^ 1875:. 1857:. 1838:. 1774:. 1756:. 1686:. 1578:. 1563:^ 1539:^ 1507:. 1447:. 1422:. 1138:. 1017:. 787:, 640:. 569:, 465:. 438:c. 344:, 240:. 208:, 168:, 134:, 130:, 126:, 118:, 110:, 106:, 99:. 57:, 42:, 2794:e 2787:t 2780:v 2674:. 2653:. 2641:: 2598:. 2564:. 2539:. 2514:. 2489:. 2438:. 2408:. 2382:. 2360:. 2338:. 2316:. 2294:. 2258:. 2234:. 2210:) 2196:. 2171:. 2109:. 2097:: 2089:: 2083:4 2066:. 2062:: 2054:: 2020:. 2014:: 1983:. 1971:: 1948:. 1913:. 1886:. 1823:. 1786:. 1760:. 1742:. 1717:. 1690:. 1672:. 1629:. 1608:. 1557:. 1520:. 1457:. 1433:. 443:) 300:) 296:( 278:. 20:)

Index

Aerial photographs

drone
Westerheversand Lighthouse
Germany

Pori
Finland

photographs
aircraft
airborne
motion pictures
fixed-wing aircraft
helicopters
unmanned aerial vehicles
balloons
blimps
dirigibles
rockets
pigeons
kites
action cameras
skydiving
wingsuiting
photographer
remotely operated

Hraunfossar
Iceland

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