298:
3753:
3764:
1162:
33:
1149:
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359:). It is probably the first generic work of its kind which is not tied to an individual tantric tradition, but was meant to be used with all tantras and mandalas. In the Vajravali, AbhayÄkaragupta synthesized previous Tantric ritual traditions such as those of Pundarika and Padmavajra and created a standardized 'sequence of rituals' (
450:
who also pointed out the contradictory statements within the texts of other schools. What is unique about
Abhayakaragupta's arguments is that he argues that ÅrÄvakayÄna cannot be considered the words of the Buddha and that Mahayana texts cannot be grouped with them because the latter are inherently
367:
The mandala and other rituals taught by the teacher have been divided into two classes (yogatantra and yoginitantra). We shall summarize them here as clearly and as systematically as possible. Moreover, the ritual treatises compiled by (other) preceptors (acarya) lack completeness, thematic core,
511:
AbhayÄkaragupta's school of
Buddhism flourished in India until the invasions of the Turks in the 13th century killed or scattered them; but his teachings were continued and revered in Tibet. Through his works at Vikramasila, he exerted great influence on the formation of
467:
is the most crucial of teachings. It was his position that all other major doctrinal points and teachings could be subsumed under the banner of the two truths doctrine. These include the five dharmas, the three natures
325:
traditions. Although as such it is not in the narrowest sense a work of the
Madhyamaka, it bears testimony to the efforts made by the later Madhyamikas systematically to elaborate a synthesis of the entire Mahayanist
305:
AbhayÄkaragupta's scholarship extended from
Mahayana doctrine and philosophy to Tantric Buddhist ritual and practice. David Seyfort Ruegg, writing about one of his main scholarly works writes:
496:: āevery sentient being has Buddha-nature (tathÄgatagarbha)ā; that is, all sentient beings are able to reach the state of perfect awakening.". This view is similar to that expounded by
349:) as a generic system applicable for all tantras. This work deals with preparation of the sacred space, 'installation ceremonies', tantric mandala construction (
372:
Abhaya composed this work by selecting mandala systems and rituals from different tantric traditions and texts, and attempting to strike a balance between the
1903:
503:
Abhayakaragupta's interpretation of Buddha-nature had an impact on later Indian
Buddhist thinkers including DaÅabalaÅrÄ«mitra, Ratnarakį¹£ita and JayÄnanda.
2818:
1293:
173:
in India. He was born in somewhere in
Eastern India, and is thought to have flourished in the late 11th-early 12th century CE, and died in 1125 CE.
2822:
297:
3046:
334:
survives in
Tibetan, and it was widely studied in Tibet until the 14th century when it was displaced by native treatises on similar subjects.
500:
in the eighth century in his work, the
MadhyamakÄloka. Like KamalaÅÄ«la, he also views Buddha-nature as being devoid of any intrinsic nature.
1263:
313:
is one of the last of the major comprehensive treatises of Indian
Buddhism, and it presents a treatment of Mahayanist thought based on the
3829:
1371:
488:, Abhayakaragupta was of the view that all sentient beings, regardless of which belief they adopt, can attain Buddha-nature as per the
286:
1106:
1128:
1030:
Kapstein, Matthew. Reason's Traces
Identity and Interpretation in Indian and Tibetan Buddhist Thought, Wisdom Pubs. Boston, page 393
912:
Arnold, Edward A. (editor.) As Long as Space Endures: Essays on the Kalacakra Tantra in Honor of H.H. the Dalai Lama, 2009, page 415
180:, is a "grand synthesis of tantric liturgy" which developed a single harmonized tantric ritual system which could be applied to all
3638:
3090:
419:
contains a discussion where Abhayakaragupta argues that the Mahayana is great due to the "seven points of greatness" set out by
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1273:
3799:
1015:
806:
3824:
3819:
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558:. Of his works, twenty-two have been classified as tantric and four as non-tantric. His non-tantric works mainly focus on
373:
3633:
3814:
3809:
3530:
3080:
1175:
368:
lucid expression and sometimes authenticity and consistency. Therefore, we shall adorn it with all such good qualities.
285:
from his mendicant bowl which was replenished from heaven, and bringing a dead child to life in the great cemetery of
1376:
1097:
1056:
1048:
675:
3623:
198:
doctrine to its final Indic form. Matthew Kapstein sees him as "among the last great masters of Buddhism in India."
3308:
3053:
3700:
3690:
1519:
3804:
3645:
3298:
3100:
2991:
2936:
1509:
246:. He is said to have become a Buddhist monk following a prophetic vision after which he trained extensively in
3615:
3313:
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1288:
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796:
3198:
3070:
3041:
2743:
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1913:
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1321:
2433:
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2180:
1303:
1136:
2628:
3628:
3441:
3431:
3303:
2286:
1866:
1627:
1602:
542:. AbhayÄkaragupta is considered to be the fourth Indian incarnation of Amitabha Buddha in this line.
391:(Garland of Completed Yogas), contains detailed descriptions of the drawing of 26 mandalas while the
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2899:
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which he states contradict each other and therefore cannot be a representation of the words of the
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269:(c. 1075-1120), there was a great revival of Buddhism under AbhayÄkaragupta. He taught at the
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2338:
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1564:
1504:
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1220:
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550:
26 works are attributed to Abhayakaragupta of which twenty-five have been preserved in the
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223:
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2163:
2032:
1958:
1834:
1572:
8:
3515:
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3203:
3193:
3153:
3130:
3013:
2986:
2946:
2865:
2855:
2783:
2710:
2141:
1998:
1779:
1757:
1709:
1529:
1329:
1185:
1165:
464:
234:. The Tibetan translation of his work the VajrayĆ£nĆ¢pattimanjari states that he was "from
1489:
1416:
981:
Synthesizing a Liturgical Heritage: AbhayÄkaragupta's Vajravali and the Kalacakramandala
968:
Synthesizing a Liturgical Heritage: AbhayÄkaragupta's Vajravali and the Kalacakramandala
955:
Synthesizing a Liturgical Heritage: AbhayÄkaragupta's Vajravali and the Kalacakramandala
942:
Synthesizing a Liturgical Heritage: AbhayÄkaragupta's Vajravali and the Kalacakramandala
928:
The Buddhist Forum , Volume VI,The Institute of Buddhist StudiesTring, UK, 2001, 183-221
724:
Synthesizing a Liturgical Heritage: AbhayÄkaragupta's Vajravali and the Kalacakramandala
215:
3578:
3483:
3325:
3288:
3283:
3213:
3163:
3110:
3105:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2956:
2941:
2926:
2921:
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2803:
2728:
2533:
2234:
2158:
2036:
1978:
1819:
1719:
1647:
1622:
1268:
1198:
1092:. Translated by Jeffry Hopkins. Enlarged edition, p. 141. Wisdom Publications, Boston.
777:
227:
3377:
363:). In the beginning of this work, Abhaya summarizes his intent for composing it thus:
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3718:
3414:
3399:
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3120:
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1983:
1968:
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1617:
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1436:
1193:
1093:
1052:
1044:
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671:
628:(Garland of Completed Yogas), a text which explains how to draw 26 kinds of mandalas.
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551:
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1494:
1394:
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513:
342:
181:
2483:
1072:(1970), pp. 81-103. Manjushri Publishing House, New Delhi. First published in the
901:
Reason's Traces Identity and Interpretation in Indian and Tibetan Buddhist Thought
749:
Reason's Traces Identity and Interpretation in Indian and Tibetan Buddhist Thought
281:. He is credited with many miracles including feeding the starving in the city of
161:: 'jigs-med 'byung-gnas sbas-pa) was a Buddhist monk, scholar and tantric master (
3768:
3713:
3665:
3593:
3463:
3261:
3241:
3183:
3095:
2758:
2656:
2503:
2239:
2222:
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2185:
1737:
1607:
1441:
1421:
1005:
869:
665:
497:
2513:
1667:
1657:
3723:
3426:
3276:
3058:
2638:
2618:
2538:
2227:
2217:
2151:
1988:
1474:
1337:
539:
314:
469:
3783:
3493:
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2553:
2411:
2212:
2190:
2126:
1797:
1592:
1587:
1479:
1148:
1085:
855:(1970), p. 92. Manjushri Publishing House, New Delhi. First published in the
825:(1970), p. 91. Manjushri Publishing House, New Delhi. First published in the
766:"Some Remarks on the Date of AbhayÄkaragupta and the Chronology of His Works"
485:
428:
1951:
1941:
1313:
3583:
3568:
3538:
3488:
3478:
3320:
3115:
2608:
2443:
2321:
2109:
2104:
1931:
1802:
1677:
1138:
706:
523:
243:
125:
2366:
2351:
2311:
2008:
1672:
1248:
526:
there were considered to be four Indian and three Tibetan incarnations of
443:
3553:
3382:
2523:
2508:
2291:
2099:
2027:
1807:
1637:
1539:
1386:
1258:
383:
His other Tantric works expound in detail on particular practices in the
238:" which is likely referring to where he worked around the monasteries of
166:
3543:
2003:
781:
765:
527:
3498:
3456:
3332:
3138:
3063:
2677:
2661:
2623:
2603:
2498:
2473:
2381:
2316:
2296:
2042:
1973:
1844:
1727:
1697:
1632:
1582:
1240:
1230:
1203:
559:
447:
377:
318:
278:
195:
191:
104:
2518:
1514:
489:
301:
11th or 12th century Vajravali manuscript, compiled by Abhayakaragupta
3473:
3446:
2613:
2488:
2200:
2116:
1993:
1883:
1856:
1849:
1812:
1769:
1732:
1499:
1464:
1431:
1406:
1361:
534:, who is recognised as the 1st Panchen Lama. The lineage starts with
439:
438:
Abhayakaragupta built upon the work of earlier authorities including
337:
Another major text by AbhayÄkaragupta is the great Tantric work, the
282:
274:
247:
219:
211:
109:
59:
3246:
2082:
1936:
1702:
1484:
1353:
1345:
32:
3763:
3603:
3558:
3503:
3468:
3372:
3031:
2598:
2593:
2543:
2478:
2396:
2361:
2356:
2017:
1888:
1876:
1787:
1446:
1143:
615:
555:
408:
355:
322:
184:
99:
96:
83:
2588:
2578:
2563:
2386:
2256:
1524:
842:. 2nd revised edition: Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi. (1970), p. 485.
738:. 2nd revised edition: Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi. (1970), p. 505.
713:. 2nd revised edition: Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi. (1970), p. 485.
3508:
3451:
3436:
2583:
2573:
2548:
2423:
2418:
2376:
2346:
2278:
2244:
2131:
2072:
2067:
1921:
1824:
1662:
1612:
1399:
1225:
1090:
KÄlachakra Tantra Rite of Initiation: For the Stage of Generation
1043:, (1972) p. 84. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California.
535:
261:, "where he learned the five sciences and became well known as a
258:
239:
235:
231:
130:
2195:
1963:
697:. 1st Indian Edition (1987), Motilal Barnasidass, Delhi, p. 335.
516:, particularly during the twelfth through fourteenth centuries.
3588:
3573:
3409:
3271:
3251:
3026:
2688:
2568:
2558:
2493:
2121:
2077:
2062:
2052:
2022:
1946:
1829:
1597:
1469:
1213:
1208:
573:
432:
420:
262:
254:
888:
The Literature of the Madhyamaka School of Philosophy in India
689:
687:
411:
texts over texts from other schools of thought which he terms"
353:), and the performance of tantric consecration or initiation (
3728:
3563:
3421:
3387:
3367:
3337:
3266:
2683:
2528:
2406:
2401:
2371:
2326:
2173:
2168:
2047:
1752:
1577:
1544:
1534:
520:
170:
890:, Otto Harrassowitz ā¢ Wiesbaden, 1981, Volume VII, page 114.
3598:
2391:
2057:
1554:
684:
253:
Born in 1064 CE, as a youth, and on the advice of a young
3256:
1792:
920:
918:
395:
details the practice of fire rituals recommended in the
190:
According to A.K. Warder, AbhayÄkaragupta developed the
770:
Zeitschrift der Deutschen MorgenlƤndischen Gesellschaft
646:, explicates the generation stage and completion stage.
915:
415:" (Vehicle of the Disciples). The last chapter of the
230:
identified his birthplace with the modern-day town of
407:
Abhayakaragupta was an advocate for the authority of
1007:
The Routledge Handbook of Indian Buddhist Philosophy
1070:Contributions on the Religion and History of Tibet
853:Contributions on the Religion and History of Tibet
823:Contributions on the Religion and History of Tibet
592:Perfection of Wisdom Sutra in Eight Thousand Lines
936:
934:
695:Indian Buddhism: A Survey with Biographical Notes
3781:
999:
997:
995:
993:
991:
989:
206:Some Tibetan sources identify his birthplace as
759:
757:
931:
614:), an encyclopedic Mahayana treatise based on
554:and thirteen are still extant in the original
1122:
986:
1904:Basic points unifying TheravÄda and MahÄyÄna
754:
663:
610:('Ornament to the Subduer's Thought', Tib.
590:('Moonlight of Points'), commentary on the
1129:
1115:
794:
657:
31:
1003:
801:. Princeton University Press. p. 2.
763:
670:. Princeton University Press. p. 2.
16:Buddhist monk, scholar and tantric master
1074:Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal
1010:. Taylor and Francis. pp. 615ā630.
857:Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal
827:Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal
296:
3091:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
664:Buswell, Robert; Lopez, Donald (2014).
427:. He contrasts Mahayana texts with the
37:19th-century drawing of Abhayakaragupta
3782:
3294:List of Buddhist architecture in China
454:
1110:
1088:, the Fourteenth Dalai Lama. (1999)
667:The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism
341:which is a systematic exposition of
640:(Introduction to the Wheel of Time)
538:, one of the original disciples of
463:, Abhayakaragupta set out that the
176:AbhayÄkaragupta's magnum opus, the
13:
3830:Converts to Buddhism from Hinduism
3081:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
506:
14:
3841:
926:JyotirmaƱjari of AbhayƄkaragupta.
402:
3762:
3752:
3751:
3309:Thai temple art and architecture
3054:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
1294:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
1160:
1147:
1137:
798:Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism
479:
1161:
1079:
1062:
1033:
1024:
973:
960:
947:
906:
903:, Wisdom Pubs. Boston, page 394
893:
880:
862:
845:
832:
751:, Wisdom Pubs. Boston, page 393
484:With regard to the doctrine of
3299:Japanese Buddhist architecture
3101:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
2181:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
1372:Places where the Buddha stayed
815:
788:
741:
728:
716:
700:
634:, discusses fire ritual (homa)
218:identifies this as modern-day
1:
3314:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
598:Ocean of Means of Achievement
70:
51:
3800:Tibetan Buddhists from India
3071:Buddhism and the Roman world
3047:Decline of Buddhism in India
3042:History of Buddhism in India
1142: Topics in
650:
476:and the two selflessnesses.
292:
265:." During the reign of King
257:, he went to the country of
7:
3825:12th-century Buddhist monks
3820:11th-century Buddhist monks
3790:Indian scholars of Buddhism
2269:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
2009:
1004:Edelglass, William (2022).
795:Buswell Jr, Robert (2012).
10:
3846:
3219:The unanswerable questions
764:BĆ¼hnemann, Gudrun (1992).
3815:12th-century Indian monks
3810:11th-century Indian monks
3747:
3699:
3614:
3529:
3304:Buddhist temples in Korea
3227:
3129:
3012:
2709:
2637:
2464:
2337:
2277:
1912:
1867:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
1778:
1770:Three planes of existence
1718:
1563:
1455:
1385:
1377:Buddha in world religions
1239:
1184:
1156:
874:Cambridge Digital Library
870:"VajrÄvalÄ« (MS Add.1703)"
693:Nakamura, Hajime. (1980)
572:, a treatise on Buddhist
492:theory. He states in the
273:as well as at VajrÄsana (
169:monastery in modern-day,
144:
139:
118:
89:
79:
66:
47:
42:
30:
23:
3086:Persecution of Buddhists
2307:Four stages of awakening
1688:Three marks of existence
1274:Physical characteristics
545:
2449:Ten principal disciples
1332:(aunt, adoptive mother)
271:Vikramashila Mahavihara
214:places next to Odisha.
201:
3159:Buddhism and democracy
2672:Tibetan Buddhist canon
2667:Chinese Buddhist canon
1899:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
1894:Early Buddhist schools
886:Ruegg, David Seyfort.
612:thub pa'i dgongs rgyan
602:sgrub thabs rgya mtsho
581:, a commentary on the
519:In the lineage of the
370:
328:
302:
3805:Monks of Vikramashila
3169:Eight Consciousnesses
1279:Life of Buddha in art
838:Warder, A. K. (1970)
734:Warder, A. K. (1970)
532:Khedrup Gelek Pelzang
474:Eight Consciousnesses
365:
307:
300:
3646:East Asian religions
3076:Buddhism in the West
2647:Early Buddhist texts
2262:Four Right Exertions
1728:Ten spiritual realms
1221:Noble Eightfold Path
1068:Das, Sarat Chandra.
1041:Tibetan Civilization
851:Das, Sarat Chandra.
821:Das, Sarat Chandra.
570:Vajravalimandopayika
425:Abhidharma-samuccaya
339:Vajravalimandopayika
224:Chota Nagpur Plateau
3769:Religion portal
3516:Temple of the Tooth
3395:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
2434:UpÄsaka and UpÄsikÄ
1927:BodhipakkhiyÄdhammÄ
1710:Two truths doctrine
1530:Mahapajapati Gotamī
1330:Mahapajapati Gotamī
924:Tadeusz Skorupski.
899:Kapstein, Matthew.
747:Kapstein, Matthew.
565:His works include:
465:two truths doctrine
455:Two truths doctrine
165:) and the abbot of
3691:Western philosophy
3289:Dzong architecture
3111:Vipassana movement
3106:Buddhist modernism
2534:Emperor Wen of Sui
2302:PratyekabuddhayÄna
2235:Threefold Training
2037:Vipassana movement
1753:Hungry Ghost realm
1573:AvidyÄ (Ignorance)
1520:Puį¹į¹a MantÄnÄ«putta
1269:Great Renunciation
1264:Eight Great Events
1146:
303:
228:Rahul Sankrityayan
3777:
3776:
3415:Om mani padme hum
3121:Women in Buddhism
3037:Buddhist councils
2907:Western countries
2695:MadhyamakÄlaį¹kÄra
2456:Shaolin Monastery
2033:Samatha-vipassanÄ
1643:PratÄ«tyasamutpÄda
1447:Metteyya/Maitreya
1365:
1357:
1349:
1341:
1333:
1325:
1317:
1194:Four Noble Truths
1076:, Vol. LI (1882).
1017:978-1-351-03088-5
983:, 2003, p. 68-69.
970:, 2003, p. 67-68.
859:, Vol. LI (1882).
829:, Vol. LI (1882).
808:978-1-4008-4805-8
620:Abhisamayalankara
152:
151:
3837:
3767:
3766:
3755:
3754:
3594:Sacred languages
3442:Maya Devi Temple
3405:Mahabodhi Temple
3209:Secular Buddhism
3174:Engaged Buddhism
2014:
1862:Tibetan Buddhism
1813:Vietnamese Thiį»n
1412:MahÄsthÄmaprÄpta
1363:
1355:
1347:
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691:
682:
681:
661:
626:Niį¹£pannayogÄvalÄ«
552:Tibetan language
514:Tibetan Buddhism
389:Niį¹£pannayogÄvalÄ«
343:Tantric Buddhist
216:Gudrun BĆ¼hnemann
182:Tantric Buddhist
75:
72:
56:
53:
35:
21:
20:
3845:
3844:
3840:
3839:
3838:
3836:
3835:
3834:
3780:
3779:
3778:
3773:
3761:
3743:
3695:
3610:
3525:
3262:Ordination hall
3223:
3125:
3096:Buddhist crisis
3008:
2705:
2657:Mahayana sutras
2633:
2629:ThĆch Nhįŗ„t Hįŗ”nh
2460:
2333:
2273:
2223:Bodhisattva vow
1908:
1774:
1714:
1673:Taį¹hÄ (Craving)
1608:Five hindrances
1559:
1451:
1381:
1235:
1180:
1152:
1135:
1105:
1104:
1084:
1080:
1067:
1063:
1038:
1034:
1029:
1025:
1018:
1002:
987:
979:Yong-Hyun Lee,
978:
974:
966:Yong-Hyun Lee,
965:
961:
953:Yong-Hyun Lee,
952:
948:
940:Yong-Hyun Lee,
939:
932:
923:
916:
911:
907:
898:
894:
885:
881:
868:
867:
863:
850:
846:
840:Indian Buddhism
837:
833:
820:
816:
809:
793:
789:
762:
755:
746:
742:
736:Indian Buddhism
733:
729:
722:Yong-Hyun Lee,
721:
717:
711:Indian Buddhism
705:
701:
692:
685:
678:
662:
658:
653:
644:UpadeshamaƱjari
638:KÄlacakrÄvatÄra
608:MunimatÄlaį¹kÄra
548:
509:
507:Impact in Tibet
494:MunimatÄlaį¹kÄra
482:
461:MunimatÄlaį¹kÄra
457:
417:MunimatÄlaį¹kÄra
405:
332:Munimatalamkara
311:Munimatalamkara
295:
204:
155:AbhayÄkaragupta
135:
114:
73:
62:
57:
54:
38:
26:
25:AbhayÄkaragupta
17:
12:
11:
5:
3843:
3833:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3775:
3774:
3772:
3771:
3759:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3705:
3703:
3697:
3696:
3694:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3642:
3641:
3636:
3626:
3620:
3618:
3612:
3611:
3609:
3608:
3607:
3606:
3601:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3535:
3533:
3527:
3526:
3524:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3512:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3418:
3417:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3391:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3329:
3328:
3326:Greco-Buddhist
3318:
3317:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3277:Burmese pagoda
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3233:
3231:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3135:
3133:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3067:
3066:
3059:Greco-Buddhism
3056:
3051:
3050:
3049:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3018:
3016:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3006:
3005:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2992:United Kingdom
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2937:Czech Republic
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2904:
2903:
2902:
2897:
2887:
2886:
2885:
2875:
2874:
2873:
2868:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2827:
2826:
2816:
2811:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2715:
2713:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2701:Abhidharmadīpa
2698:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2643:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2619:B. R. Ambedkar
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2539:Songtsen Gampo
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2470:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2458:
2453:
2452:
2451:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2343:
2341:
2335:
2334:
2332:
2331:
2330:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2283:
2281:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2271:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2232:
2231:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2218:Eight precepts
2215:
2205:
2204:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2155:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2097:
2092:
2091:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2006:
1996:
1991:
1989:Five Strengths
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1929:
1924:
1918:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1816:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1784:
1782:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1772:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1730:
1724:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1706:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1628:Mental factors
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1569:
1567:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1480:MahamoggallÄna
1477:
1472:
1467:
1461:
1459:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1403:
1402:
1395:AvalokiteÅvara
1391:
1389:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1359:
1351:
1343:
1335:
1327:
1319:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1245:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1196:
1190:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1134:
1133:
1126:
1119:
1111:
1103:
1102:
1078:
1061:
1032:
1023:
1016:
985:
972:
959:
946:
930:
914:
905:
892:
879:
861:
844:
831:
814:
807:
787:
776:(1): 120ā127.
753:
740:
727:
715:
699:
683:
676:
655:
654:
652:
649:
648:
647:
641:
635:
629:
623:
605:
595:
585:
579:Amnaya-maƱjari
576:
547:
544:
540:Gautama Buddha
530:Buddha before
508:
505:
481:
478:
456:
453:
404:
403:Mahayana texts
401:
315:Prajnaparamita
294:
291:
203:
200:
150:
149:
148:RatnÄkaragupta
146:
142:
141:
140:Senior posting
137:
136:
134:
133:
128:
122:
120:
116:
115:
113:
112:
107:
102:
93:
91:
87:
86:
81:
77:
76:
74: 1125 CE
68:
64:
63:
58:
55: 1064 CE
49:
45:
44:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3842:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3795:Panchen Lamas
3793:
3791:
3788:
3787:
3785:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3758:
3750:
3749:
3746:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3704:
3702:
3698:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3617:
3613:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3531:Miscellaneous
3528:
3522:
3521:Vegetarianism
3519:
3517:
3514:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3486:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3434:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3416:
3413:
3412:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3365:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3343:Buddha in art
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3327:
3324:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3239:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3230:
3226:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3128:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3048:
3045:
3044:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3015:
3011:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2997:United States
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2909:
2908:
2905:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2891:
2888:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2879:
2876:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2824:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2708:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2696:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2554:Padmasambhava
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2471:
2469:
2467:
2466:Major figures
2463:
2457:
2454:
2450:
2447:
2446:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2413:
2412:Western tulku
2410:
2409:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2336:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2284:
2282:
2280:
2276:
2270:
2267:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2258:
2255:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2236:
2233:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2213:Five precepts
2211:
2210:
2209:
2206:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2191:Dhamma vicaya
2189:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2179:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1997:
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1603:Enlightenment
1601:
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1593:Dhamma theory
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1588:Buddha-nature
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1086:Tenzin Gyatso
1082:
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1057:0-8047-0901-7
1054:
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1049:0-8047-0806-1
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1039:Stein, R. A.
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956:
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707:Warder, A. K.
703:
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677:9780691157863
673:
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632:JyotirmaƱjari
630:
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583:Samputatantra
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524:Panchen Lamas
522:
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486:Buddha-nature
480:Buddha-nature
477:
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393:JyotirmaƱjari
390:
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374:yoginitantras
369:
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351:mandalakarman
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78:
69:
65:
61:
50:
46:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
3709:Bodhisattvas
3629:Christianity
3624:BahĆ”Ź¼Ć Faith
3489:Dharmachakra
3479:Prayer wheel
3469:Prayer beads
3237:Architecture
3116:969 Movement
2900:Saudi Arabia
2878:Central Asia
2871:South Africa
2693:
2676:
2609:Panchen Lama
2514:BuddhapÄlita
2110:Satipatthana
2105:Mindful Yoga
2018:Recollection
1932:Brahmavihara
1803:Japanese Zen
1798:Chinese Chan
1758:Animal realm
1565:Key concepts
1387:Bodhisattvas
1199:Three Jewels
1089:
1081:
1073:
1069:
1064:
1040:
1035:
1026:
1006:
980:
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967:
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718:
710:
702:
694:
666:
659:
643:
637:
631:
625:
611:
607:
601:
597:
591:
588:Marmakaumudī
587:
582:
578:
569:
564:
562:philosophy.
549:
518:
510:
502:
493:
483:
460:
458:
437:
416:
412:
406:
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392:
388:
384:
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371:
366:
360:
354:
350:
347:mandalavidhi
346:
338:
336:
331:
329:
310:
308:
304:
252:
244:Vikramashila
207:
205:
189:
177:
175:
162:
154:
153:
126:Vikramashila
18:
3554:Dharma talk
3383:Asalha Puja
3179:Eschatology
2982:Switzerland
2962:New Zealand
2890:Middle East
2799:Philippines
2719:Afghanistan
2524:Bodhidharma
2509:Buddhaghosa
2429:Householder
2339:Monasticism
2292:Bodhisattva
2147:Prostration
2100:Mindfulness
2028:Anapanasati
2011:Kammaį¹į¹hÄna
1808:Korean Seon
1748:Asura realm
1743:Human realm
1683:Ten Fetters
1638:Parinirvana
1540:Uppalavanna
1505:MahÄkaccana
1490:MahÄkassapa
1422:Kį¹£itigarbha
1417:ÄkÄÅagarbha
1314:SuddhodÄna
1259:Four sights
1186:Foundations
470:TrisvabhÄva
413:ÅrÄvakayÄna
222:around the
167:Vikramasila
3784:Categories
3671:Psychology
3651:Gnosticism
3639:Comparison
3634:Influences
3616:Comparison
3499:Bhavacakra
3457:Kushinagar
3432:Pilgrimage
3378:MÄgha PÅ«jÄ
3333:Bodhi Tree
3149:Buddhology
3139:Abhidharma
3131:Philosophy
3064:Menander I
2932:Costa Rica
2883:Uzbekistan
2724:Bangladesh
2678:Dhammapada
2662:Pali Canon
2624:Ajahn Chah
2604:Dalai Lama
2504:KumÄrajÄ«va
2499:Vasubandhu
2474:The Buddha
2382:Zen master
2317:Sakadagami
2297:Buddhahood
2228:Pratimokį¹£a
2043:Shikantaza
1999:Meditation
1974:Deity yoga
1845:Madhyamaka
1738:Deva realm
1633:Mindstream
1583:Bodhicitta
1495:Aį¹
gulimÄla
1362:Devadatta
1338:YaÅodharÄ
1241:The Buddha
1231:Middle Way
560:Madhyamaka
498:KamalaÅÄ«la
451:superior.
448:Vasubandhu
378:yogatantra
345:ritual (a
326:tradition.
319:Madhyamaka
279:Odantapuri
208:Jarikhanda
196:Madhyamaka
192:Mantrayana
163:vajracarya
105:Madhyamaka
60:Jarikhanda
3739:Festivals
3719:Buddhists
3681:Theosophy
3484:Symbolism
3474:Hama yumi
3447:Bodh Gaya
3214:Socialism
3189:Evolution
3164:Economics
3002:Venezuela
2917:Australia
2912:Argentina
2836:Sri Lanka
2831:Singapore
2749:Indonesia
2711:Countries
2652:Tripiį¹aka
2614:Ajahn Mun
2489:Nagarjuna
2484:AÅvaghoį¹£a
2367:AnagÄrika
2362:ÅrÄmaį¹erÄ«
2357:ÅrÄmaį¹era
2352:Bhikkhunī
2312:SotÄpanna
2201:Passaddhi
2142:Offerings
2117:Nekkhamma
1994:Iddhipada
1914:Practices
1884:Theravada
1857:Vajrayana
1850:Yogachara
1820:Pure Land
1733:Six Paths
1720:Cosmology
1500:Anuruddha
1475:SÄriputta
1465:Kaundinya
1457:Disciples
1432:VajrapÄį¹i
1284:Footprint
1249:TathÄgata
1051:(cloth);
651:Footnotes
444:BhÄviveka
440:Nagarjuna
429:Tripiį¹aka
397:Vajravali
385:Vajravali
293:Teachings
283:Sukhavati
275:Bodh Gaya
220:Jharkhand
212:Taranatha
178:Vajravali
119:Education
110:Vajrayana
3757:Category
3686:Violence
3656:Hinduism
3604:Sanskrit
3559:Hinayana
3544:AmitÄbha
3504:Swastika
3373:Uposatha
3363:Holidays
3348:Calendar
3194:Humanism
3032:Kanishka
3022:Timeline
2846:Thailand
2814:Kalmykia
2809:Buryatia
2794:Pakistan
2779:Mongolia
2774:Maldives
2769:Malaysia
2734:Cambodia
2599:Shamarpa
2594:Nichiren
2544:Xuanzang
2479:Nagasena
2397:Rinpoche
2127:PÄramitÄ
1969:Devotion
1889:Navayana
1877:Dzogchen
1840:Nichiren
1788:Mahayana
1780:Branches
1658:Saį¹
khÄra
1407:MaƱjuÅrÄ«
1364:(cousin)
1356:(cousin)
1324:(mother)
1316:(father)
1304:Miracles
1254:Birthday
1171:Glossary
1144:Buddhism
782:43379879
616:Maitreya
556:Sanskrit
528:AmitÄbha
409:Mahayana
376:and the
361:prakriya
356:abhiseka
323:Yogacara
287:Himavana
267:RÄmapÄla
185:mandalas
100:Buddhism
97:MahÄyÄna
84:Buddhism
80:Religion
43:Personal
3734:Temples
3714:Buddhas
3676:Science
3666:Judaism
3661:Jainism
3579:Lineage
3539:AbhijƱÄ
3509:Thangka
3452:Sarnath
3437:Lumbini
3358:Funeral
3353:Cuisine
3229:Culture
3204:Reality
3154:Creator
3144:Atomism
3014:History
2987:Ukraine
2947:Germany
2866:Senegal
2856:Vietnam
2784:Myanmar
2584:Shinran
2574:Karmapa
2549:Shandao
2519:DignÄga
2444:ÅrÄvaka
2424:Donchee
2419:Kappiya
2377:Sayadaw
2347:Bhikkhu
2322:AnÄgÄmi
2279:Nirvana
2245:Samadhi
2132:Paritta
2073:Tonglen
2068:Mandala
2023:Smarana
2004:Mantras
1952:Upekkha
1922:Bhavana
1872:Shingon
1825:Tiantai
1678:TathÄtÄ
1668:ÅÅ«nyatÄ
1663:Skandha
1653:Saį¹sÄra
1648:Rebirth
1623:Kleshas
1613:Indriya
1515:Subhūti
1400:Guanyin
1354:Änanda
1346:RÄhula
1226:Nirvana
1166:Outline
709:(1970)
536:Subhuti
521:Tibetan
490:EkayÄna
472:), the
459:In the
423:in his
380:works.
259:Magadha
240:Nalanda
236:Magadha
232:Deoghar
145:Teacher
131:Nalanda
3729:Sutras
3724:Suttas
3589:Siddhi
3574:Koliya
3549:BrahmÄ
3464:Poetry
3410:Mantra
3400:Kasaya
3272:Pagoda
3252:Kyaung
3247:VihÄra
3242:Temple
3184:Ethics
3027:Ashoka
2977:Sweden
2972:Poland
2967:Norway
2957:Mexico
2942:France
2927:Canada
2922:Brazil
2861:Africa
2841:Taiwan
2804:Russia
2729:Bhutan
2689:Vinaya
2569:Naropa
2559:Saraha
2494:Asanga
2250:PrajƱÄ
2159:Refuge
2122:Nianfo
2083:Tertƶn
2078:Tantra
2063:Ganana
2053:Tukdam
1979:DhyÄna
1947:Mudita
1942:Karuį¹Ä
1835:Risshū
1830:Huayan
1763:Naraka
1703:AnattÄ
1698:Dukkha
1693:Anicca
1598:Dharma
1550:Channa
1485:Änanda
1470:Assaji
1437:Skanda
1340:(wife)
1309:Family
1289:Relics
1214:Sangha
1209:Dharma
1204:Buddha
1096:
1055:
1047:
1014:
805:
780:
674:
600:(Tib.
574:Tantra
433:Buddha
421:Asanga
387:; the
277:) and
263:pandit
255:yogini
248:tantra
210:which
90:School
3701:Lists
3569:Kalpa
3564:Iddhi
3427:Music
3422:Mudra
3388:Vassa
3368:Vesak
3338:Budai
3284:Candi
3267:Stupa
3199:Logic
2952:Italy
2851:Tibet
2789:Nepal
2759:Korea
2754:Japan
2744:India
2739:China
2684:Sutra
2639:Texts
2589:DÅgen
2579:HÅnen
2564:AtiÅa
2529:Zhiyi
2439:Achar
2407:Tulku
2402:Geshe
2387:RÅshi
2372:Ajahn
2327:Arhat
2287:Bodhi
2257:VÄ«rya
2174:Sacca
2169:Satya
2164:SÄdhu
2152:Music
2095:Merit
2088:Terma
2048:Zazen
1984:Faith
1937:MettÄ
1618:Karma
1578:Bardo
1545:Asita
1535:Khema
1525:UpÄli
1510:Nanda
1348:(son)
1322:MÄyÄ
1299:Films
1176:Index
1059:(pb).
778:JSTOR
546:Works
171:Bihar
159:Wylie
3599:PÄįø·i
3584:MÄra
3494:Flag
2895:Iran
2819:Tuva
2764:Laos
2392:Lama
2240:ÅÄ«la
2208:ÅÄ«la
2196:PÄ«ti
2186:Sati
2137:Puja
2058:Koan
1964:DÄna
1555:Yasa
1442:TÄrÄ
1094:ISBN
1053:ISBN
1045:ISBN
1012:ISBN
803:ISBN
672:ISBN
446:and
330:The
321:and
309:The
242:and
226:and
202:Life
67:Died
48:Born
3321:Art
3257:Wat
1793:Zen
774:142
618:'s
3786::
2823:ru
988:^
933:^
917:^
872:.
772:.
768:.
756:^
686:^
442:,
435:.
399:.
317:,
289:.
250:.
187:.
71:c.
52:c.
2825:)
2821:(
2039:)
2035:(
1130:e
1123:t
1116:v
1100:.
1020:.
876:.
811:.
784:.
680:.
622:.
604:)
594:.
468:(
194:-
157:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
