Saffron Revolution

1239:. The government newspaper New Light of Myanmar reported that these individual's actions caused civil unrest that "was aimed at undermining peace and security of the State and disrupting the ongoing National Convention." The United States condemned the arrest of these dissidents on 22 August with the State Department's acting spokesman stating "The United States calls for the immediate release of these activists and for an end of the regime's blatant attempt to intimidate and silence those who are engaged in peaceful promotion of democracy and human rights in Burma...We call on the regime to engage in a meaningful dialogue with the leaders of Burma's democracy movement and ethnic minority groups and to make tangible steps toward a transition to civilian democratic rule." 1094:

problems on the leadership of the military junta and the proportion of national income spent on the armed forces. In late 2006, the cost of basic commodities began rising sharply in Burma with rice, eggs, and cooking oil increasing by 30–40%. According to the UN, one in three children is chronically malnourished, government spending on health and education is among the lowest anywhere in the world, and the average income is below $ 300 a year. Living a privileged, parallel existence, Burma's military forces appear virtually a "state within a state", free from the economic insecurity that afflicts the rest of the country. Many of the high ranking army generals have become immensely rich; as witnessed in the video of the wedding of senior general

1170:, Maung Maung Lay, 37, and Myint Naing, 40, were hospitalized with head injuries following attacks by more than 50 people while the two were working in Hinthada township, Irrawaddy Division in mid-April. On Sunday, 22 April 2007, eight people were arrested by plainclothes police, members of the pro-junta Union Solidarity and Development Association, and the Pyithu Swan Arr Shin (a paramilitary group) while demonstrating peacefully in a Yangon suburb. The eight protesters were calling for lower commodity prices, better health care and improved utility services. Htin Kyaw, 44, one of the eight who also took part in an earlier demonstration in late February in downtown Yangon, was beaten by a mob, according to sources at the scene of the protest. 1403:

for holding a press conference with Burmese demonstrators against the national economic hardships. Prominent Burmese comedian Zargana was also arrested overnight. Troops barricaded Shwedagon Pagoda and attacked a group of 700 protesters with batons and tear gas. The police, beating their shields with batons, chased some of the monks and some 200 supporters, while others tried to remain in place near the eastern gate of the pagoda complex. Troops then sealed off the area around the pagoda, attempting to prevent the monks from making further protests. This failed to stop the marches, with up to 5,000 monks progressing through Yangon, some wearing masks in anticipation of tear gas being used.

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demonstrations and supporting the National Convention. The protestors stopped at seeing a sign hung outside by Maung Oo, which denounced those who tortured and killed monks and civilians. Ni Ni Mai stood in the doorway and asked the protestors if 'they really agreed with the killing of monks and civilians in Rangoon' at which the protestors stopped chanting slogans and some of them dropped their placards. A leader of the government protest is reported to have taken photographs of the couple and their house; later that day the township police chief and two female police officers came to arrest them. The couple are due to appear in court for sentencing on 30 October.

243: 263: 3699:" began on 16 October; focussing on the superstitions of Burma's generals, particularly junta chief Than Shwe, that views contact with any item of women's wear as depriving them of their power, women throughout the world have been sending packages to Burmese embassies containing panties; the campaign has spread to Australia, Europe, Singapore and Thailand. People in Burma also began to hang pictures of Than Shwe around the necks of stray dogs, as it is a very strong insult in Burmese tradition to be associated with a dog, and began to spray anti-junta graffiti in bus and train stations, with slogans such as "killer Than Shwe". 1771: 1589:

demonstrators, arresting one student who attempted to cross the road in front of them. The military forced monks from outside Mandalay to return to their native towns, the military keeping the homes of NLD Party leaders under guard. Peaceful demonstrations were reported in Mandalay. The Ngwe Kyar Yan Monastery in South Okkalarpa which was subject to a raid some days earlier was under repair, some suggested, in an effort to eliminate evidence. A dedicated group of anti-riot troops was reported to have been formed within Brigate-77 led by Col. Thein Han under Minister Aung Thaung and General

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seen in Rangoon for at least a decade. According to Jeff Kingston, in his article "Burma's Despair" stated that "Despair and fear are immobilizing a people who yearn for a better life and have fruitlessly risked much for a better government." This shows how afraid the Burmese were to take action in 2007. Not only that but Kingston also states that "The earlier brutal crackdown of 1988-when at least three thousand protesters were killed and thousands more imprisoned and tortured-has burned a place in the collective memory."

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consumer prices". Some of those detained were the same protesters who took part in a downtown Yangon protest on 22 February 2007. That protest was one of the first such demonstrations in recent years to challenge the junta's economic mismanagement rather than its legal right to rule. The protesters detained in the February rally had said they were released after signing an acknowledgment of police orders that they should not hold any future public demonstrations without first obtaining official permission.

3191: 2156:, and his wife. In a published statement the junta stated: "Those who led, got involved in and supported the unrest which broke out in September are being interrogated" and "Some are still being called in for questioning and those who should be released will be." Officials claimed that a total of 2,927 people had been detained and nearly 500 were still being held, an increase of almost 800 since the previous official figures released on 8 October. Those released had been asked to sign a "pledge" first. 1295:

the monks as using violence against monks would incense and enrage the people of Burma even further, almost certainly prompting massive civil unrest and perhaps violence. However, the longer the junta allowed the protests to continue, the weaker the regime could look. The danger is that eventually the military government will be forced to act rashly and doing so will provoke the citizenry even more. Some international news agencies are referring to the uprising as a 'Saffron Revolution'.

3604: 1308: 1368: 49: 3160:, an India-based news group run by exiled dissidents, picked up one of the photos of Aung San Suu Kyi and said more than 50,000 people accessed their website that day. Some Burmese internet users are trying to use internet forums to obtain outside information uncontrolled by the government about their situation. On 28 September it was reported that the government had blocked all access to the Internet. The official explanation is that maintenance is being carried out but 3658: 2457: 682: 9201: 3156:

Bloggers in Yangon succeeded in circumventing the censors, posting pictures and videos on blogs almost as soon as the protests began. Many of these images were picked up by mainstream news organisations, because bloggers had managed to capture images that no one else was able to get. When Aung San Suu Kyi stepped outside her home in Yangon to greet marching monks and supporters on Saturday, the only pictures of the landmark moment were posted on blogs.

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demanded an apology by the deadline of 17 September but the military refused to apologise. This sparked protests involving increasing numbers of monks in conjunction with the withdrawal of religious services for the military. Their role in the protests was significant due to the reverence paid to them by the civilian population and the military. After these events, protests began spreading across Myanmar, including Yangon (also known as

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United States." Witnesses claim that security forces were raiding houses in search of anyone whom they suspected of having been involved in the protests. The body of Win Shwe was not released, Thailand-based Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (AAPP) said. "His body was not sent to his family and the interrogators indicated that they had cremated it instead." Fears were expressed for others still held in police custody.

705:), this seems to be the first time it has been associated with a particular protest as it was unfolding, and the international press seized upon the term in reporting on the Burmese protests. However, the idea that the monkhood is connected to specifically Burmese ideas about revolution has been argued by British academic Gustaaf Houtman, partly in critique of an alternative view held by a political scientist, that Gen. 9213: 1425:

that the army had raided the six-storied Religious Science Monastery in Chaukhtatgyi Pagoda, Moe Kaung Monastery in Yan Kin township, Maggin Monastery in Thingankyun township, and Thein Phyu monastery in Thein Phyu area and arrested several monks. An anonymous diplomat also said the junta claimed soldiers now had the monks "under control" and "would now turn their attention to civilian protesters".

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Thamada Cinema in an effort to keep people away from Sule pagoda. Some bus drivers were not informed of this change, and passengers getting off at the old stop were beaten upon dismounting. In Mandalay, non-monk prisoners were taken to a field and a barber was asked to shave their heads so that they could be dressed as monks and forced to create confusion and mistrust of real monks.

1555:, who was reportedly taken to Yemon Military Camp on the outskirts of Yangon. Another report claimed Maung Aye had staged a coup against Than Shwe, that his troops were guarding Aung San Suu Kyi's home, and that diplomatic sources said that Aung San Suu Kyi had been moved to a police academy compound outside Yangon; although no independent confirmation has been made on the report. 1920:, the United States top diplomat in Myanmar, was invited to talk with the military leaders. The envoy was to 'clearly convey Washington's condemnation of last week's bloody repression' a US spokesperson said. The invitation followed a state television broadcast stating that nearly 2,100 people had been arrested over the last week and some 700 had been freed. 1440:, had been shot and killed by the armed forces. Nagai was working for APF Tsushin, a media company based in Tokyo. The Japanese embassy in Myanmar later confirmed Nagai's death. Amateur video showing Nagai apparently being deliberately shot was aired on Japanese television. Later footage also showed a Burmese soldier taking Nagai's video camera. 1764:, but soldiers were still stationed at the four entrances. Monks said that at least five of their number had been killed during the clashes with security forces. Eyewitnesses said that troops and police were still positioned at many street corners and key locations around Yangon, making it impossible for demonstrators to gather. 1876:

fearing they would not be allowed petrol. Military vehicles fitted with loudspeakers patrolled Rangoon's streets blaring: "We have photographs. We are going to make arrests." Some 80 monks and 149 women thought to be nuns, who had been detained during part of the military's crackdown on protesters, were freed, Reuters reported.

2275:, India to escape the military regime. They claim that they are being forced to join pro-government rallies, in some cases at gunpoint, and if they refuse they face fines of up to 10,000 kyats ($ 7), while others have been arrested including Christian pastors. Many of the exodus are from the Christian minority ethnic 2254:, is to be allowed to visit Burma. Burmese Foreign Minister Nyan Win wrote to the UN stating that Pinheiro could arrive before mid-November. This will be the first visit by Pinheiro in four years; previously the military junta has refused to give their permission. Pinheiro welcomed news of his invitation, telling 1381:

are not to follow, encourage or take part in these marches. Action will be taken against those who violate this order," the broadcasts said, invoking a law allowing the use of military force to break up illegal protests. Reuters reported that the detained democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi had been moved to the

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The government attempted to block all websites and services that could carry news or information about Myanmar, barring access to web-based email. However protesters were able to access the Internet anyway and as a result the protests received a never before seen level of international news coverage.

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Burma's military announced the lifting of a curfew in two main cities, Mandalay and Yangon. The statement is being widely seen as a sign that the government is confident that it has now gained control of the recent dissent. However it is unclear whether the recent government ban on assemblies of more

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Thousands attended a "pro-government" rally in Rangoon organised by the junta, many allegedly under coercion. Burmese dissident groups claimed that the numbers who attended the rally was much smaller than the government's figures. They also claimed that people were bussed to the rallies by the junta.

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about his visit. The ambassador from Myanmar said of his country that had it had "indeed experienced a daunting challenge. However, we have been able to restore stability. The situation has now returned to normalcy. Currently, people all over the country are holding peaceful rallies within the bounds

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The body of the Japanese journalist, Kenji Nagai, was returned to Japan. An autopsy would be carried out; Japanese officials said that he was not shot accidentally as Burmese authorities have said, but was shot at close range. APF News, who employed Nagai, demanded that the camera he held when he was

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Citizens in Myitkyina and other townships in northern Myanmar were coerced into joining pro-government rallies designed to manufacture a show of support for a national convention, though most of the speeches were simply condemnations from junta leaders of the uprisings. Two people from each household

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The Myanmar government attempted to dampen public awareness and communications around the protests by cutting Internet access. Troops specifically targeted those caught carrying cameras and beat them. On 28 September, after the killing of Japanese photographer Kenji Nagai by the junta, Japanese Prime

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published a report of a letter received by Burmese exiles in Thailand, allegedly written by disgruntled military officers, expressing support for the protests and stating, "On behalf of the armed forces, we declare our support for the non-violent action of the Buddhist monks and members of the public

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On 26 September, pro-democracy figure Win Naing was arrested at his home in Yangon around 2:30 a.m. after being seen providing food and water to the protesting monks but was released from jail after one night, according to an anonymous friend and Western diplomat. He had been arrested on 8 March

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around the monks; Reuters quotes one eyewitness: "They are marching down the streets, with the monks in the middle and ordinary people either side – they are shielding them, forming a human chain.". Vehicles mounted with loudspeakers toured central Yangon, blaring warnings of military action. "People

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On 23 September, 150 nuns joined the protests in Yangon. On that day, some 15,000 Buddhist monks and laymen marched through the streets of Yangon in the sixth day of escalating peaceful protests against the Burmese military regime. The Alliance of All Burmese Buddhist Monks vowed to continue the

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puts the number of deaths at 138, basing their figure on a list compiled by the 88 Student Generation group in Myanmar. The Executive Director of the DVB, Aye Chan Naing, told the Associated Press that "his 138 figure is quite credible because it is based on names of victims, I also think the figure

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also made an official statement that it was ceasing all business dealings with the junta. It said it would cease aircraft engine repair work and terminate a contract involving the lease of an aircraft to a Burmese airline. A spokesman said "At that point, Rolls-Royce will have no further involvement

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An eyewitness in Yangon says a monastery on Wei-za-yan-tar Road was raided early in the morning. Monks studying inside were ordered out, and one by one had their heads bashed against the brick wall of the monastery. Their robes were torn off and they were thrown into trucks and driven away. The head

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Some 10,000 farmers in Wra Ma, 30 miles north of Taungup, southern Rakhine State, were reported to have joined hands to protest against the government. The demonstrators were said to have been angry at the government's action against monks in Yangon. The report stated that the authorities in Taungup

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Up to 50,000 protesters took to the streets in Yangon. Protesters bleeding from beatings by security forces were seen scattering and fleeing in Sule. Security forces were reported to be preparing to use insect spray to crack down on protesters. Eyewitnesses said fire engines and insect spray carrier

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On 27 September, the junta security forces began raiding monasteries across the country to quell the protests, arresting at least 200 monks in Yangon and 500 more in the northeast. Simultaneously, the army raided four other monasteries in parts of Yangon and arrested several monks. Sources confirmed

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Later in the day there were reports of at least three Buddhist monks and one woman confirmed killed in the firing by security forces in Yangon when thousands of people led by Buddhist monks continued their protest against the military junta. A doctor in Yangon's general hospital confirmed that three

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Prior to the 2007 summer protests, there had been growing unease in the population regarding the economic situation due to stagnant economic growth and its ranking among the 20 poorest countries in the world according to the United Nations. Many, including the United Nations have blamed the economic

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A Facebook users group, "Support the Monks' protest in Burma", was formed immediately following the first network reports of monks marching past Aung San Suu Kyi's house. The group grew to over 380,000 members by 9 October and 440,000 at its peak. Some members of the group, who later formed into an

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A worldwide action by bloggers originating in Italy will set a signpost for peace and support the people of Myanmar through the internet. On 4 October 2007 all bloggers and website owners worldwide were called upon to support the "free Burma" campaign by adding a graphic to their website frontdoors

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Burma's military rulers have given a date for United Nations human rights envoy Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro to begin a five-day visit on 11 and 15 November. Pinheiro, known officially as the UN's special rapporteur on human rights in Burma, has warned: "If they don't give me full co-operation, I'll go to

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Two former schoolteachers, Tin Maung Oo and Ni Ni Mai, appeared in court after they spoke out against a pro-government rally in Paung Tal township, Bago division. On 16 October at about 5 am, a pro-government group were marching past the teachers house, shouting slogans denouncing the monk-led

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Reports from Yangon stated that some 25 monks were arrested by security forces in a raid on a temple overnight. As a result of the military crackdown on anti-government protests, "scores of monks" were said to be trying to leave Yangon, although some bus drivers refused to carry them as passengers,

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A report warned that the military would attempt to trick UN envoys by asking their followers to carry out a set-up protest – protesting against the genuine demonstrations, with SPDC followers forcing civilians to join in. The same source stated that attendance of one person per family in some parts

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As of 22 September 2007, the Buddhist monks were reported to have withdrawn spiritual services from all military personnel in a symbolic move that was seen as very powerful in such a deeply religious country as Burma. The military rulers seemed at a loss as to how to deal with the demonstrations by

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On 21–22 August 2007, participants of the protests on 19 August were detained by local authorities. Their houses were searched without a warrant. These demonstrators could have been charged with up to one year in prison; under the 5/96 Law, that is used to condemn those who disrupt the stability of

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On 15 August 2007 the government removed subsidies on fuel causing a rapid and unannounced increase in prices. The government, which has a monopoly on fuel sales, raised prices from about $ 1.40 to $ 2.80 a gallon, and boosted the price of natural gas by about 500%. This increase in fuel prices led

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Around 4,000 monks were said to have been rounded up by the military during the previous week in an attempt to stamp out the protests. They were being held at a disused race course. A BBC report said that sources from a government-sponsored militia stated they would soon be moved away from Yangon,

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Thousands of heavily armed soldiers were reported to be patrolling the streets of Yangon, and there were no signs of protests against the junta. The troops were stopping pedestrians and car drivers and searching them for cameras. The internet and mobile phone networks were still largely disrupted.

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later reported that it was "widely accepted that the cremations began on the night of Friday, 28 September", but the reports of people being burned alive were being "treated with extreme caution by independent observers and have not been verified". In Yangon, soldiers rerouted the Sule bus stop to

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Reports from opposition activists emerged saying that authorities have directed the police and other government proxy groups to deal harshly with any sign of unrest in Yangon. "This proves that there is no rule of law ," the 88 Generation Students group said in a statement. "We seriously urge the

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said it will not consider suspending Myanmar as a member, and rejected any proposal for economic sanctions. (As of 2004 Myanmar chaired a great number of Asean-sub-summits.) On 16 October 2007 Burma said it had arrested approximately 100 monks in the protests and that only 10 people had died, but

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said "The United States strongly condemns the atrocities committed by the junta and calls for a full investigation into the death of Win Shwe during his detention in Burma. The junta must stop the brutal treatment of its people and peacefully transition to democracy or face new sanctions from the

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Ye Min Tun, a foreign ministry official for ten years, told the BBC how "appalling" treatment of Buddhist monks during the previous month's protests had forced him to resign from the military regime. Asked whether he thought the pro-democracy movement was now finished, the diplomat said: "I think

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Mizzima news reported that in Mandalay, the NLD divisional organising committee member Win Mya Mya was arrested by police sub-Inspector Tun Lwin Naung at 11 p.m. last night at her home. "She seemed to know in advance of her imminent arrest. She is prepared and took her clothes with her," her

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stated "We have concerns that Mr. Gambari was swiftly moved from Rangoon (Yangon) to the new capital in the interior, far from population centres" and urged the junta to allow Gambari wide access to people, religious leaders and Aung San Suu Kyi. When asked if he expected to meet Suu Kyi, Gambari

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to talk with the junta generals. Eyewitnesses told the BBC that over 1,000 people were demonstrating against the government. There were fresh reports of new violence; the French news agency AFP stated that security forces charged a group of around 100 protesters on the Pansoedan bridge in central

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and injured three monks. It was further reported that one monk was killed. This report however was never confirmed but quoted as a reason for the monks' protests starting on September 18. The next day, younger monks in Pakokku briefly took several government officials hostage in retaliation. They

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According to the BBC, on 22 February 2007, a small group of individuals protested the current state of consumer prices in the country. While the protest was small and careful not to be seen as directed at the military junta, officials jailed nine of the protesters. It was the first street protest

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township, calling for lower prices and improved health, education and better utility services. The protest ended peacefully after about 70 minutes, but plainclothes police took away eight demonstrators as some 100 onlookers watched. The protesters carried placards with slogans such as "Down with

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The exact number of casualties from the 2007 protests is not known, but estimates range from 13 to 31 deaths resulting from either the protests or reprisals by the government. Several hundred people were arrested or detained, many (but not all) of whom were released. In the event, Senior General

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President Bush has announced further sanctions against the Burmese military. He has tightened export controls and frozen more financial assets held by the junta and urged China and India to apply more pressure. In a White House statement he said: "Monks have been beaten and killed. Thousands of

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It was also reported that the UN envoys would meet Lieutenant Senior General Maung Aye, the second chief of the junta. The BBC reported that several hundred people had gathered in Yangon and that eyewitness reports said demonstrators were surrounded by security forces and pro-military vigilante

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correspondent in Yangon reported that more than 300 people, many of whom were monks, were detained. He also reported a new sentiment in Yangon: "People come up to me quite spontaneously and voice their opinion in a way they never did before." ... "People feel great admiration for the brave

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Gambari arrived in Thailand and issued a statement describing the latest arrests in Yangon as "extremely disturbing" "counter to the spirit of mutual engagement" between the UN and Burma. The UN hoped that his meeting with military officials in Burma scheduled in mid November could be brought

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A report about nightly actions against demonstrators quoted one resident who said: "The repression is continuing every night. When there are no more witnesses, they drive through the suburbs at night and kill the people." The report stated that there is hunger and misery, many of the monks who

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Helfen ohne Grenzen (Help without Frontiers) reported that soldiers from the 66th LID (Light Infantry Division) had turned their weapons against other government troops and possibly police in North Okkalappa township in Yangon and were defending the protesters. While soldiers from 33rd LID in

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early on Monday to offer food and water to the monks before they started their march. The marches occurred simultaneously in at least 25 cities across Myanmar, with columns of monks stretching up to 1-kilometre (0.62 mi). At the end of the march approximately 1,000 monks arrived to greet

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The military government stated its intention to crack down on these human rights activists, according to a 23 April 2007, report in the country's official press. The announcement, which comprised a full page of the official newspaper, followed calls by human rights advocacy groups, including

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Approximately 5,000 people gathered to demonstrate in Mandalay. The military was reported to have put most monasteries under guard to prevent egress. People gathered at 80th, 84th, 35th, and 33rd Streets, before joining together; three military trucks followed them and tried to break up the

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of 2 October 2007, and emphasised the importance of the "early release of all political prisoners and remaining detainees", as well as urging the junta to prepare for a "genuine dialogue" with democratically elected leader Aung San Suu Kyi. Although a statement does not have the power of a

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Another report stated that up to 10,000 people, many of them monks who led the protests, had been "rounded up for interrogation in recent days". United States diplomats who visited 15 monasteries found them empty, while others were being barricaded and guarded by soldiers, the report said.

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are paying to the junta an estimated $ 450million/year and are now lobbying in the US and Europe against government measures to support a democratic transition in Burma. To protect Total's interests, the government has become an obstacle to any serious strengthening of EU measures against

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A senior British diplomat told the BBC that some 2,500 people are still being held by the military. British officials also received first-hand accounts of grim conditions under which many detainees are still being held. Night raids are said to be continuing with hundreds being arrested.

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stated that the abbot of Ngwe Kyar Yan monastery in north west Yangon was so severely beaten by soldiers "that he died on the spot"; the soldiers had been lining monks up against a wall and smashing each of their heads against the wall in succession before throwing them into trucks.

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On 27 September the European Union began considering "targeted reinforced sanctions" against the military junta, with current sanctions already including an arms embargo, asset freezes, and visa and trade bans. Their aim was to back sanctions that did not harm the population.

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Reuters reported that protesters who applauded the demonstrations could face two to five years in jail, while the leaders could face 20 years. The Democratic Voice of Burma forwarded reports of some 50 students who demonstrated in Mandalay who had been sentenced to five years

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Effective 26 September Myanmar's junta imposed dusk-till-dawn curfews on the country's two largest cities of Yangon and Mandalay. Additionally, gatherings of more than five people were prohibited. Meanwhile, truckloads of armed soldiers and riot police were sent into Yangon.

2365:'s violent break-up of peaceful demonstrations in September: "The events clearly demonstrated the everyday struggle to meet basic needs and the urgent necessity to address the deteriorating humanitarian situation in the country," Mr Petrie's statement said, 24 October, 1892:

killed be returned; to that date only his second camera, thought to be a back-up, had been returned. Toru Yamaji, the head of APF News, said: "Our biggest task now is to confirm and report on what's in his camera and what he wanted to tell the people on his last day".

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which prohibit Burmese nationals from holding foreign currency or from owning electronic and video equipment without a permit. 26 other activists, including five monks from the Ngwe Kyar Yan monastery in Yangon, were given prison sentences ranging from 6 to 24 years.

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Monks and civilians were reported to have called diplomats to state that troops had arrived at three monasteries but had been prevented from entering by local residents who had massed outside. Making threats of returning in larger numbers, the soldiers then departed.

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Soldiers fired both into the air and directly at students marching toward a high school in Tamwe township in Yangon. Unconfirmed eyewitness reports say 100 people were shot. Up to 300 of the students outside were arrested after a military truck rammed into the crowd.

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Amnesty International issued a revised statement saying that six dissidents had been arrested in Yangon over the weekend. They said: "Continued arrests fly in the face of the promises made this week by the Myanmar authorities to cooperate with the United Nations."

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urged Myanmar to take steps toward democracy. The Philippine President warned Myanmar that the Philippines would stop its financial help to Myanmar if opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi was not released. US envoys called on China to use its influence with Myanmar.

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One year after the protests started, small acts of defiance continued. In particular, a 'stop sign' (the palm of a raised hand inside a circle) is being stamped onto banknotes and other places as a reminder of the protests. Several bomb attacks also took place at

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told Gambari of the UN, who is expected to return to Burma in early November that words were the way forward. "The Myanmar issue, after all, has to be appropriately resolved by its own people and government through their own efforts of dialogue and consultation."

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and all the political prisoners." Thai-based director of the Human Rights Education Institute of Burma, Aung Nyo Min, said "This is very significant... we are very encouraged to see the monks are taking up action and taking up peaceful demonstrations in Burma."

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On 25 September the junta threatened demonstrators with military force and placed army trucks at Shwedagon Pagoda, the assembly point for monks leading the protests. Witnesses said 5,000 monks and laypeople marched into the Shwedagon. Civilians were forming a

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On 28 September, Yangon was emptier than the previous days, as people were afraid of violent reprisals from the army, though many still took to the streets chanting such phrases as "wrongdoers who kill monks" as well as "the military science given by general

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In response to the increase in fuel prices, citizens protested in demonstrations beginning on 19 August. In response to the protests, the government began arresting and beating demonstrators. The government arrested 13 prominent Burmese dissidents including

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reports from the UN that the timing of the invitation is significant, a summit of the Association of South-East Asian Nations (Asean) is due to open on 17 November. The regime may believe that the move could reduce further criticism from members of Asean.

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monks, who were at the forefront of the demonstrations. The robes of Burmese monks are similar to the color of whole saffron. While similar terms for protests had been used elsewhere for the process of gradual or peaceful revolution in other nations (see

2056:, it requires the consent of all its members and has been seen as a shift in position of China. Official media in Burma called the UN statement "regrettable," and stated that more than half of those arrested during the protests have since been released. 1730:, the United Kingdom's ambassador in Myanmar, told the BBC of the deep underlying political and economic reasons for the demonstrations, which he said would not go away easily; "The cork has been put in the bottle, but the pressures are still there." 3765:"to refuse to buy fuel from any Total, Chevron, ELF, FINA, Texaco or Caltex station in our home countries and wherever we travel" was signed by 20,255 people with the aim of delivering 40,000 signatures to the top management of the corporations. 2110:

The EU announced an agreement for further sanctions against the military junta but some have conceded that its leverage with Burma is limited and sanctions have so far controversially steered clear of its energy sector of which French oil giant

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The Mae Tao Clinic provides medical care in a Burmese refuge camp across the border in Thailand to 150,000 refugees, it trains medics to return to Burma to provide health care and it treats injured or sick Burmese refugees searching for health

3565:. The action by Treasury will freeze any assets that the individuals targeted have in US banks or other financial institutions under US jurisdiction. The order also prohibits any US citizens from doing business with the designated individuals. 1559:

Mandalay were also reported to have refused orders to take actions against protesters, other reports state many soldiers remained in their barracks. Later reports stated that soldiers from the 99th LID were being sent in to confront them.

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On 24 September eyewitnesses reported between 30,000 and 100,000 people demonstrating in Yangon, making the event the largest Burmese anti-government protest in twenty years. The BBC reported that two locally well-known actors, comedian

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of Australia, confirmed reports that the Australian Government would deliver targeted financial sanctions against members of the military junta, as well as possibly introducing other measures to further restrict the military leaders.

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While many countries expressed support for protests and urged the Junta to implement far-reaching reforms, some key countries, such as the People's Republic of China and India, maintained commitment to the notion of noninterference.

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pro-democracy protesters have been arrested". "Burma's rulers continue to defy the world's just demand to stop their vicious persecution". "We are confident that the day is coming when freedom's tide will reach the shores of Burma."

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Ngwe Kyar Yan Monastery in Rangoon, where some 200 monks were detained in the early morning two days earlier, was reported to have been looted by soldiers. Everything of value was said to have been removed, including forty or more

2311:, the two main focal points of peaceful demonstrations led by Buddhist monks in September. There are also said to be large coils of barbed wire present, in readiness to block streets. The troop presence coincides with the end of 3097:. On 11 October state media reported new figures – that 2,100 people have been arrested and 700 already released. In contrast, foreign sources claim that more than 6,000 people are being held. London-based business news agency 1851:

met and discussed the situation in Myanmar during a special session, and passed a resolution deploring the violent repression of peaceful demonstrations, and urging the release of all those arrested during the demonstrations.

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monk is confirmed to have died later that day. Only 10 of 200 remained afterwards, hiding inside, and the ground was covered with blood. Many civilians who had gathered to help were held back by the military with bayonets.

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of the law to welcome the successful conclusion of the national convention, which has laid down the fundamental principles for a new constitution, and to demonstrate their aversion to recent provocative demonstrations."

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An audio message from inside Myanmar said that crying crematorium workers claimed that they were forced by soldiers to burn injured protesters and civilians to death in YaeWay crematorium on the outskirts of Yangon. The

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Speaking before the UN General Assembly, the UN Human Rights Council's Special Rapporteur Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro said that independent sources reported 30 to 40 monks and 50 to 70 civilians killed as well as 200 beaten.

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who say they have been persecuted by the junta for being Christians and non-ethnic Burmese. Although they were initially welcomed in Mizoram after the 1988 military crackdown they now face threats of a pushback, as the

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of the town was being demanded. In view of the Internet blackout, a group of "88-generation activists" urged the United Nations, along with the United States and United Kingdom embassies in Yangon, to open a one-page

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In the evening, the Burmese state television reported that nine people had been killed in a force crackdown on pro-democracy protesters in Yangon. It added that eleven demonstrators and 31 soldiers had been injured.

4587: 4353: 4197: 3595:" next year. Calls for a boycott of the 2008 Summer Olympics grew around the world, as more people began to say that increased pressure on the Chinese government was the best way to support the Burmese people. 2064:

Military rulers arrested what was thought to be the last four known leaders, part of the "88 Students Generation" activists of the 1988 pro-democracy uprising. Those detained included prominent woman activist

1722:, announced: "China hopes all parties concerned in Myanmar show restraint, resume stability through peaceful means as soon as possible, promote domestic reconciliation and achieve democracy and development". 4030:

Which meant that to the public the Monks and their religion played an important role throughout the protests. Along with the monks were nuns, students and activists who were protesting during the revolution.

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Some 50,000 protesters are reported to have demonstrated peacefully in Akyab while soldiers were stationed at seven key places, including government buildings, Lawkanada temple, and Akyi Tong Kong temple.

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Some 60 troops from a battalion based in Akyab were reported to have been sent to the town of Man Aung, on Man Aung Island, to deal with demonstrations that continued for three days, ending on 2 October.

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on the sales prices of fuel. The national government is the only supplier of fuels and the removal of the price subsidy immediately caused diesel and petrol prices to increase by 66–100% and the price of

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Yangon residents were reported to be "keeping up a low-key resistance", harassing troops by tossing rocks at them. In response, security forces detained some of the rock throwers. The retired General,

7140: 709:'s 1962 revolution was the only successful revolution in Burma. Burmese concepts of "revolution", however, have a much longer history and are also employed in many but not all monastic ordinations. 3171:

By at least midnight local time on 6 October, internet access had been restored to Yangon. Sources in Burma said on 6 October that the internet seems to be working from 22:00 to 05:00 local time.

3046:, a Japanese photo journalist, is believed to currently be the only foreign casualty of the unrest. However, it is possible that the death toll may be many times greater than officially reported. 2431:, the victim was identified as Thet Oo Win, a former Buddhist monk who participated in the Saffron Revolution, was killed while improvising the bomb at his own residence. The junta blamed the 7362: 3668:

International Bloggers' Day for Burma, a campaign for bloggers to not post to their blogs, was to be on 4 October. Instead they are being asked to put up a banner, underlined with the words

2207:, a monk from Sait-Ta-Thuka monastery, who is said to be one of the leaders of a peaceful demonstration in Sittwe. As a result, he has been sentenced to seven and a half years imprisonment. 2030:

had been jailed for refusing to shoot and beat monks and civilians during the protests. Many civil servants were also staying away from work to show their disapproval of the junta's action.

1798:, in the morning. They marched while holding two banners displaying their demands; for the release of all political prisoners, a reduction in commodity prices, and national reconciliation. 423: 2135:

said that the decision was made in response to the military action in Burma. A White House spokesman said that the US was considering toughening its own existing sanctions. Meanwhile,

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to accept the blessings of the Buddhist monks. In Mandalay, estimated to have 200 monasteries, monks were said to have told people not to join the protests, which ended peacefully.

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access to the general public just to submit news photos. The blog site confirmed from different sources that soldiers and police were officially ordered not to shoot at the crowd.

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The United States, European Union, and Canada have imposed a number of sanctions on the junta, including a freeze on bank accounts and restrictions on imports of gems and timber.

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party of planting that bomb, but experts believed at the time that the opposition was not in a position to carry out such acts amidst the tightly controlled security environment.

1741:. The colonel defected after being ordered to raid two monasteries and detain hundreds of monks. According to the colonel, these monks were to be killed and dumped in the jungle. 653:, and those protests were allowed to proceed until a renewed government crackdown in late September 2007. Some news reports referred to the protests as the Saffron Revolution, or 1831:

A report about imprisoned monks in Myanmar stated they were refusing to touch food given them by the military, and by doing so symbolically maintain their boycott of the regime.

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sister Tin Win Yee, told reporters, "I am worried about her. This month is the period of Ramadan and she is being treated for her injury sustained in the Depayin incident".

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suburb amid a growing military crackdown on protesters. A group of about ten protesters carrying placards and chanting slogans staged the protest Sunday morning in Yangon's

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The Security Council met and issued a statement and reaffirmed its "strong and unwavering support for the Secretary-General's good offices mission", especially the work by

1695:. The two spoke for ninety minutes at the State guest house in Yangon after Gambari returned from talks with the junta in Naypyidaw. Gambari met with acting Prime Minister 1623:

An early report indicated that the junta denied Gambari a meeting with Aung San Suu Kyi. In addition, the army, late at night, set up a machine-gun nest outside her house.

1336:'s home but were denied access by police. They chanted prayers before peacefully moving off. Later that day, the military junta's Minister for Religion, Brigadier General 4853: 6320: 1883:

demonstrated last week came from Okalapa Township and after suppressing Yangon centre on 29 September troops turned their attention to that township the following day.

4193: 3761:. The French government has pushed for the junta to be admitted into international associations, defending Total's investments. The global online initiative hosted by 3128:, Thet Zaw, Zaw Zaw Min and Zay Ya aka Kalama) arrested during the anti-government protests to 65 years in prison. The government used a variety of laws including the 1551:'s second-in-command and the commander in chief of the army, "reportedly disagreed with the violent approach taken against protesters", and was scheduled to meet with 1455:

At the end of the day, it was reported that the junta had formed new regiments to crack down on protesters. According to sources close to the military, Senior General

1956:, currently serving as Deputy Minister of Labor, was appointed as an official go-between for talks between Aung San Suu Kyi and the military junta on 8 October 2007. 4275: 1429:

trucks were seen near Theingyi market in downtown Yangon. The BBC received unconfirmed reports that fire crews were ordered to fill their machines with insecticide.

1416:

said its sources had reported the junta ordering large numbers of maroon monastic robes and telling soldiers to shave their heads, possibly to infiltrate the monks.

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is accurate because of the pictures coming from inside Burma. The way they were shooting into the crowds with machine guns means dozens of people could have died."

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news agency that it was "an important sign that the government wants to engage again in constructive dialogue with the UN and the Human Rights Council". The BBC's

1737:, a central member of the military junta, was reportedly seeking political asylum in Norway. The colonel was said to be in hiding in the jungle with rebels of the 1075: 3066:

reports that, after two non-protesters were shot in northwest Yangon, "the army came back, gave the families 20,000 kyat (~$ 20) each and took away the corpses."

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were required to attend. "We were warned that we would be punished if we didn't come to the rally. So we attended it because we were afraid," said one resident.

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to determine fuel prices, these organisations did not recommend removing all of the subsidies unannounced. The fuel is sold by Myanma Oil and Gas Enterprise, a

7917: 7898: 7469: 5389: 4541: 4249: 2804: 1675:, numbered about 30,000 and was led by around 1,000 monks. The demonstrators marched peacefully despite heavy presence by security forces and military troops. 317: 7307: 6615: 7543: 3929: 3591:

in Sweden. Archbishop Emeritus Tutu said that if China did not take a stance against the military rulers in Myanmar he would "join a campaign to boycott the

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The Burma government is to expel the United Nations' top diplomat in the country, UN officials have said. The military regime told UN's Burma country chief,

17: 1540:

and the South East Command. It was not clear if the troops were marching to reinforce or to challenge the troops in Yangon for shooting the Buddhist monks.

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the plane, and I'll go out." Pinheiro had been refused entry since 2003. His visit comes before a meeting of the Association of South-East Asian Nations (

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Meanwhile, India has been accused of allowing its strategic and business interests to prevail in Burma, and for failing to put pressure on the generals.

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Mark Canning, the British ambassador to Myanmar, said that China was pushing hard for Gambari's mission to be as long and as far-reaching as possible.

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urged to intervene in the ongoing protests in Myanmar. "China, you have leverage – tell those brutal men to stop their brutality," Tutu said at the

3347: 6460: 6110: 2023: 1791:, the banned opposition broadcaster, published a photograph which they said showed the body of a monk floating near the mouth of the Yangon river. 5959: 7511: 7276: 5852: 5640: 5175: 5121: 4017: 3960: 2852: 1232: 7976: 5750: 7808: 7337: 6945: 6244: 5728: 5352: 2303:

and government troops armed with rifles and teargas launchers are said to be back on the streets of Rangoon (Yangon). They have surrounded the

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In response to the protests, dozens of protesters were arrested or detained. Starting in September 2007 the protests were led by thousands of

7792: 6262: 5687: 3025: 2170: 8305: 6631: 4602: 4049: 7079: 6764: 5528: 5506: 5304: 3522: 2536: 2424: 2361:, his mandate was not going to be renewed. It is not clear when he will have to leave. Mr Petrie is known to have voiced concerns over the 2166: 2085:

AFP news agency also reported that every factory in the city's industrial zone had each been obliged to send 50 participants to the rally.

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Riot police and soldiers were reported to be scouring Yangon with photographs to identify and arrest participants in last week's protests.

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magazine noted the significance of the grassroots effort in an article asking whether Facebook has given birth to 'open-source politics.'

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According to several news media, the armed forces gave the protesters 10 minutes to disperse or face extreme action. The radio station

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and their peaceful expression...". The letter also announced the formation of a group called the Public Patriot Army Association. The

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announced sanctions against 14 senior officials of Myanmar. Among those targeted for the sanctions are the junta leader, Senior Gen.

2908: 2178: 1734: 968: 2336:, 370 miles (600 km) northwest of Yangon. This was the first time they have returned to the streets since the crackdown by the 8660: 8511: 8012: 6510: 6324: 4769: 3554: 2967: 614:) was a series of economic and political protests and demonstrations that took place during August, September, and October 2007 in 8071: 7791:

Challenging the Authoritarian State: Buddhist Monks and Peaceful Protests in Burma. vol.32:1 winter 2008. Retrieved 7 April 2009.

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was sentenced to 68 years in prison, at least 12 years of which will be hard labour; other charges against him are still pending.

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forward. Meanwhile, United Kingdom PM Gordon Brown urged the EU to propose tougher sanctions on Burma ahead of an EU meeting in

9326: 9140: 8867: 8355:, aggregating news about current ongoing events, providing translations into English from Burmese blogs from within the country 7738: 6410: 2885: 2872: 2868: 1522: 1488:, was allowed into the country after the Burmese authorities bowed to international pressure. He was sent to Myanmar after the 1407:

injured monks had been admitted to the hospital after they were beaten up severely by the riot police at Shwedagon pagoda. The

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News reported that at least 1,000 people had been arrested. This figure was provided by Burma's state-run media, the

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reported about 80 monks and 149 women (believed to be Buddhist nuns) were released by the junta on 3 October 2007.

2595: 862: 506: 7540: 3937: 3391: 1868:, but had not spoken with journalists. He was to prepare a report on his talks with Burma's leaders and brief the 1608:, the UN Secretary-General's special adviser on Myanmar, had arrived in Naypyidaw to talk with the junta leaders. 1183:

to an increase in food prices. Soon afterwards, protesters took to the streets to protest the current conditions.

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Rights groups report that hundreds of ethnic minority tribespeople are fleeing Burma into the border state of

1275:, with other demonstrations in five townships across Myanmar. Those marching through the capital chanted the " 1146:

The military junta detained eight people on Sunday, 22 April 2007, who took part in a rare demonstration in a

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took direct command after several commanders refused to use force to crack down on protesters. The newspaper

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from central Myanmar had started to march towards Yangon. The troops were from the Central Command based in

9306: 9301: 9291: 9027: 8971: 8879: 8840: 8825: 8779: 8754: 8650: 8625: 8504: 8192: 6155:"Human Rights Council Strongly Deplores Continued Violent Repression of Peaceful Demonstrations in Myanmar" 5603: 3850: 3793: 3441: 3397: 3355: 3109: 3011: 2832: 2705: 2531: 2477: 2047:. It also "strongly deplored the use of violence against peaceful demonstrations in Myanmar", welcomed the 1506: 1049: 933: 779: 550: 8433: 6337: 1679:

sent a platoon of police to the village soon after they received the information about the demonstration.

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groups. United Nations Special Envoy Ibrahim Gambari arrived in Yangon and was due to fly immediately to

1187: 31: 6114: 4388: 9165: 9052: 8484: 8473: 8462: 6639: 5956: 5483: 5172: 1752:, in Myanmar because of the death of Kenji Nagai, arrived in Naypyidaw to speak to government leaders. 447: 7861: 7273: 6714: 5849: 5684: 5660:

Audio file describing atrocities committed by the military regime, in Burmese with English translation

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and blog only about Myanmar related topics. An internet action likewise has not been reported so far.

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at which the banning of imports of gemstones, timber and metals was already proposed for discussion.

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The phrase "Saffron Revolution" connects the protests against Myanmar's military dictatorship to the

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Civil Resistance and Power Politics: The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present

262: 9256: 9217: 8862: 8734: 8299:"Open Society Foundations (OSF) | "TOTALitarian Oil" Report, The Burma Campaign UK, 2005, PDF" 7689: 4076: 3818: 3480: 3090: 2699: 1837: 790: 619: 540: 457: 7789: 6259: 4046: 2251: 1844:

in Rangoon Defense Hospital, Mingladon, Yangon. But other sources claimed the rumours were false.

9175: 9047: 9002: 8941: 8830: 8810: 8497: 5669: 5437:"Two Shot in Clash with Troops; People with Cameras Singled Out The Irrawaddy Sept 28, 2007" 4967: 4599: 4408: 4041: 3465: 2962: 2470: 2185:

township, were sentenced to four and half years, while another party member from Gwa township, U

1834: 1727: 1509: 1348: 1340:, warned the Buddhist monks leading the protests not to go beyond their "rules and regulations". 1279:" (the Buddha's words on loving kindness) marching through a barricade on the street in front of 1039: 948: 437: 242: 8376: 7519: 7076: 5521: 5499: 5090: 2189:, is standing trial. A total of around 280 party members were arrested, including 50 members in 9281: 9276: 9261: 8936: 8835: 7876: 5880: 4879: 3898: 2890: 2657: 1770: 1505:

is not supposed to kill the people" (i.e. the military isn't supposed to kill the people). The

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issued a statement expressing grave concern for their safety and for others still being held.

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authorities to prevent violence in the future and to guarantee the safety of every citizen."

1160: 963: 639: 567: 389: 377: 175: 95: 8050: 8009: 7933: 7559: 7399: 7261: 7246: 7227: 7057: 7035: 6908: 6889: 6803: 6734: 6685: 6592: 6300: 6281: 6218: 6199: 6075: 6012: 6000: 5899: 5868: 5572: 5312: 4766: 4566: 4424: 4146: 4127: 3806:– Reporting from a closed country. Documentary made up of footage taken from the revolution. 3784:

that "Total has become the main supporter of the Burmese military regime." already in 2005.

3042:, the military crackdown claimed hundreds of lives. The official toll remains at 13 killed. 1470:

was unable to confirm the authenticity of the letter itself before the story was published.

1163:, for authorities to investigate recent violent attacks on rights activists in the country. 221: 30:

This article is about the 2007–2008 protests in Myanmar. For other protests in Myanmar, see

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On 22 September around two thousand monks marched through Yangon and ten thousand through

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along with members of the Support the Monks' Protest in Burma Facebook group (later the

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The final death toll still remained 31 confirmed by the UN human rights envoy to Burma,

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U.S. Condemns Burmese Arrests Of 13 Dissidents: Sharp Increases in Prices Spur Protests

4214:"Asia Times Online :: Southeast Asia news – Fuel price policy explodes in Myanmar" 3902: 3711: 3651: 3632: 3588: 3470: 3379: 3327: 3248: 3216: 3182: 2649: 2629: 2366: 2132: 2128: 1236: 152: 8330: 8101: 7842: 7491: 7115: 6531: 6476: 5367: 4709: 4663: 4521: 4492: 4472: 4327: 4305: 3872: 3646: 1916:

The opposition rejected the junta's conditional offer of talks with Aung San Suu Kyi.

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There were unconfirmed reports that Than Shwe's family fled the country. A chartered

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The various protests were led by students, political activists, including women, and

555: 384: 7735: 3748:) was called for on 16 November 2007 because the corporations to be able to exploit 1801:

Three people were arrested at a protest in Sanchaung Township in Yangon a report in

1726:, the European Union's foreign policy chief, urged China to lean harder on Myanmar. 1481:, Laos, at 6 p.m. (local time). Air Bagan is owned by Than Shwe's ally Tay Za. 1359:

also gave his blessing to the monks in their bid for greater freedom and democracy.

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Some of the prominent or symbolic individuals who figured in these events included:

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on Sunday, a day after she appeared in front of her house to greet marching monks.

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Monks Sentenced to Six Years Imprisonment; Rangoon, Mandalay Locked Down by Troops

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On 5 September 2007, Burmese troops forcibly broke up a peaceful demonstration in

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said he regretted the killing and demanded a full explanation of his death. The

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report stated that Gambari was in Singapore for a meeting with Prime Minister

9250: 9120: 8665: 8598: 8583: 8573: 8352: 6941: 5547: 5060: 3809: 3662: 3307: 3289: 3279: 3260: 3105: 2932: 2919: 2312: 2199: 2066: 2000: 1795: 1723: 1382: 1312: 830: 516: 406: 136: 7953:"Bush Imposes Economic Sanctions on Key Officials From Myanmar's Government" 3603: 1194:

had been recommending the lifting of subsidies for some time to allow for a

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Three high-profile demonstrators were released by the Burmese government;

2022:

Sources claimed that five military generals and more than 400 soldiers of

1367: 48: 8635: 7207:"Yahoo News UK & Ireland – Latest World News & UK News Headlines" 4250:"PINR - Economic Brief: The Economic Factors Behind the Myanmar Protests" 3573: 3321: 3117: 3113: 3043: 2415:

On 19 October 2008, a bomb exploded in the Htan Chauk Pin quarter of the

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5,000 protesters were reported to have gathered in the town of Man Aung,

1609: 1604:

Only an hour after his scheduled arrival at Yangon, it was reported that

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The barricades around the Shwedagon Pagoda were removed, witnesses told

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Suu Kyi greets monks at her home; 10,000 monks demonstrate in Mandalay

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it's not the end. I think it's just the beginning of the revolution."

7661: 7634: 7607: 7580: 7363:"Increasing bomb blasts worry Rangoon residents – Zarni & Mungpi" 7285: 5918: 5029: 4936:

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aka Shwee, Than Tin aka Kyee Than, Thet Thet Aung, Thin Thin Aye aka

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The Group Protesting the Murder of Mr. Nagai by the Army of Myanmar

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throughout the month which the junta blamed was carried out by the

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and the head of one of the largest Buddhas which contains valuable

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from 12:00 noon. This event was also held in Sydney (Australia),

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10,000 Farmers in Arakan Join Hands in Anti-Government Protest

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convened in New York over the crisis to call for restraint.

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Activists and campaign organisations worldwide, including

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Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (Burma).

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The number of casualties is not yet clear. According to

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and that the monks have been disrobed and shackled. The

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Protesters against the junta crackdown in Myanmar, in

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protests until the Burmese military junta is deposed.

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Protesting monks gathering at the Shwedagon Pagoda in

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remained in power until he retired in 2011 at age 78.

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Generals, soldiers jailed for refusing to shoot monks

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Army Reinforces Troops in Akyab with Rural Battalions

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Jenkins, Graeme; Paris, Natalie (26 September 2007).

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in September. One monk who was on the march told the

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against the Burmese leaders during his speech to the

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has lent his support, hosting a Free Burma rally on

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Insect spray to be used for crackdown on protesters

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Mr. Gambari 5883:The Norway Post, 30 September 2007. 5124:from the original on 11 October 2011 5067:from the original on 11 October 2007 5037:from the original on 11 October 2007 4886:from the original on 11 October 2007 4515: 4242: 4020:from the original on 10 October 2011 3989:from the original on 17 October 2020 3922: 2332:marched through the central town of 1682: 1562: 1495: 1419: 1397: 1362: 1302: 1206:August 2007 – Initial demonstrations 1168:Human Rights Defenders and Promoters 959:All Burma Students' Democratic Front 325: 8671:State Peace and Development Council 8029:PM launches sanctions against junta 7352: 6686:"UN Security Council rebukes Burma" 6477:"Burmese junta appoints go-between" 5781: 5766:USDA slams public protests at rally 4880:"Monks arrested in monastery raids" 4381: 4206: 4112: 3865: 3144: 802:State Peace and Development Council 714:State Peace and Development Council 24: 8279:from the original on 3 August 2015 8060:Dagens Nyheter, 28 September 2007. 6583:Associated Press, 10 October 2007 6513:from the original on 29 April 2011 6111:"Burmese Prime Minister pass away" 5675: 5057:"Japansk fotograf dræbt i Myanmar" 4907:The Irrawaddy, 28 September 2007. 4776:Sveriges Radio, 26 September 2007. 4493:"Burmese military threatens monks" 4425:"Nuns in Burma anti-junta rallies" 3951:Booth, Jenny (24 September 2007). 3930:"UN envoy warns of Myanmar crisis" 3875:. news.bbc.co.uk. 15 August 2007. 2372: 2352: 2323: 2294: 2266: 2241: 2232: 2219: 2210: 2143: 2118: 2097: 2088: 2059: 2038: 1990: 1647:A Burmese protest march in Chicago 1392: 726:Timeline of the Saffron Revolution 73:15 August 2007 – 26 September 2008 25: 9343: 8341: 8108:from the original on 9 March 2009 7877:Warning Shots Fired At Protesters 7306:. 21 October 2008. 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Archived from 7729: 7699: 7680: 7653: 7626: 7599: 7572: 7553: 7534: 7512:"US Diplomat Meets Burma Leader" 7485: 7463: 7448: 7426: 7412: 7393: 7381: 7322: 7292: 7267: 7262:UN rights chief given Burma date 7255: 7247:Burma to expel UN's top diplomat 7240: 7228:Monks return to streets of Burma 7221: 7180: 7175:Soldiers back on Rangoon streets 7168: 7149: 7134: 7089: 7070: 7048: 7033:Bush ramps up sanctions on Burma 7026: 7004: 6982: 6960: 6921: 6902: 6883: 6853: 6835: 6816: 6797: 6775: 6757: 6727: 6708: 6678: 6624: 6605: 6586: 6574: 6559: 6544: 6525: 6499: 6487:from the original on 11 May 2011 6469: 6447: 6417: 6387: 6365: 6353: 6331: 6313: 6294: 6275: 6253: 6231: 6212: 6193: 6169: 6147: 6121: 6103: 6088: 6076:UN envoy holds key Burmese talks 6069: 6047: 6025: 6006: 5554:from the original on 26 May 2008 5396:Inquirer.net, 27 September 2007. 5150:. 8 October 2007. 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Canada. 26 September 2007 4609:Reuters, 25 September 2007. 4590:Reuters, 25 September 2007. 3787: 3750:Yadana natural gas pipeline 3682:Burma Global Action Network 3621:Burma Global Action Network 2840:Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2250:for Human Rights in Burma, 1247:September 2007 – Escalation 1188:International Monetary Fund 32:List of protests in Myanmar 10: 9348: 9322:August 2007 events in Asia 7569:BBC News, More monk escape 7390:Yahoo News, 1 October 2007 7330:"One Dead in Burma Blasts" 5710:Mizzima News breaking news 5462:Troops marching to Rangoon 5349:Than Shwe's family in Laos 5255:CPI condemns Burmese junta 4938:"Burma: The world watches" 4306:Q&A: Protests in Burma 3607:Protesters march in London 3534: 3148: 2131:. Chief Cabinet Secretary 1972:withdrew an invitation to 1327:, went to Yangon's golden 723: 719: 578:ethnic armed organisations 29: 9195: 9061: 8993: 8984: 8932: 8923: 8801: 8792: 8715: 8706: 8549: 8537:Myanmar is also known as 8535: 8531: 8444: 8414: 8039:The Sydney Morning Herald 7943:BBC News, 10 October 2007 7501:BBC News, 7 December 2007 7014:Democratic Voice of Burma 6970:Democratic Voice of Burma 6967:Arakan NLD members jailed 6918:BBC News, 18 October 2007 5769:Democratic Voice of Burma 5527:Newsdesk special report. 5500:‘Coup’ claimed in Rangoon 5411:The Sydney Morning Herald 5178:13 September 2010 at the 4600:Myanmar junta sets curfew 4234:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3794:All Burma Monks' Alliance 3561:, and Deputy Senior Gen. 3134:video and electronics act 3054:Democratic Voice of Burma 2914:National Unity Government 2342:Democratic Voice of Burma 2162:Democratic Voice of Burma 2069:(also known as Mie Mie), 1789:Democratic Voice of Burma 1774:A "Free Burma" banner in 1703:and Information Minister 1691:was allowed to meet with 1613:National Security Council 1434:Democratic Voice of Burma 974:National Unity Government 753:The fighting peacock flag 655: 611: 337: 201: 196: 181: 163: 127: 116:Removal of fuel subsidies 89: 77: 69: 46: 41: 9317:21st-century revolutions 8806:Administrative divisions 8402:Foreign Policy in Focus, 8359:Burma News International 7829:15 November 2007 at the 7811:23 February 2008 at the 7662:"Thet Thet Aung Profile" 7541:AJE – Al Jazeera English 7279:13 November 2008 at the 7020:15 November 2007 at the 6976:15 November 2007 at the 6847:14 November 2007 at the 5775:15 November 2007 at the 5753:10 December 2007 at the 5744:Daw Win Mya Mya arrested 5548:"Burma-Myanmar Genocide" 5505:Newsdesk special report 5311:. London. Archived from 5261:23 February 2008 at the 5242:23 February 2008 at the 5001:. London. Archived from 4944:. London. Archived from 4923:23 February 2008 at the 4814:23 February 2008 at the 4754:23 February 2008 at the 4735:23 February 2008 at the 4578:BBC News, 9 October 2007 4456:CNN, 24 September 2007. 4333:26 February 2021 at the 4311:20 November 2020 at the 4052:11 December 2008 at the 3819:2011 Egyptian revolution 2798:Administrative divisions 2670:House of Representatives 1968:South African president 1912:, Malaysia on 5 October. 1532:There were reports that 791:Burmese Way to Socialism 642:, sometimes also called 9176:Twelve Auspicious Rites 8957:Myanmar kyat (currency) 8436:11 October 2007 at the 8386:U.S. Campaign for Burma 8223:21 October 2007 at the 8132:11 October 2007 at the 8034:15 October 2007 at the 8015:11 October 2007 at the 7958:16 October 2007 at the 7924:AFP, 25 September 2007. 7920:11 October 2007 at the 7901:11 October 2007 at the 7882:11 October 2007 at the 7848:17 October 2007 at the 7833:AFP, 25 September 2007. 7692:20 October 2010 at the 7565:11 October 2007 at the 7546:10 October 2007 at the 7497:9 December 2007 at the 7405:11 October 2007 at the 7233:31 October 2007 at the 7192:17 October 2020 at the 7161:27 October 2007 at the 7082:23 January 2022 at the 7063:22 October 2007 at the 7041:21 October 2007 at the 6914:19 October 2007 at the 6895:17 October 2007 at the 6832:Reuters 15 October 2007 6828:17 October 2020 at the 6618:11 October 2007 at the 6598:12 October 2007 at the 6541:BBC News 9 October 2007 6537:11 October 2007 at the 6463:25 October 2007 at the 6377:11 October 2007 at the 6310:BBC News 4 October 2007 6306:16 January 2008 at the 6291:BBC News 4 October 2007 6265:11 October 2007 at the 6247:12 October 2007 at the 6228:BBC News 3 October 2007 6224:11 October 2007 at the 6209:BBC News 3 October 2007 6205:11 October 2007 at the 6085:BBC News 2 October 2007 6081:15 January 2009 at the 6059:11 October 2007 at the 6037:11 October 2007 at the 6022:BBC News 1 October 2007 6018:10 October 2007 at the 6003:BBC News 1 October 2007 5988:7 February 2012 at the 5947:ABC News 1 October 2007 5943:11 October 2007 at the 5924:10 October 2007 at the 5887:22 January 2009 at the 5855:11 October 2007 at the 5837:11 October 2007 at the 5811:11 October 2007 at the 5716:11 October 2007 at the 5670:U.S. Campaign for Burma 5665:12 October 2007 at the 5609:26 January 2017 at the 5591:11 October 2007 at the 5531:11 October 2007 at the 5509:11 October 2007 at the 5486:1 November 2007 at the 5468:31 October 2007 at the 5407:"Burma cuts web access" 5392:11 October 2007 at the 5219:11 October 2007 at the 4772:12 October 2007 at the 4719:BBC, 26 September 2007. 4673:BBC, 26 September 2007. 4628:AFP, 25 September 2007. 4605:17 October 2020 at the 4574:13 October 2007 at the 4531:BBC, 25 September 2007. 4482:BBC, 24 September 2007. 4375:12 October 2007 at the 4337:BBC, 24 September 2007. 4200:16 January 2009 at the 4152:13 October 2007 at the 4137:BBC News 2 October 2007 4095:21 October 2007 at the 3717:16 October 2007 at the 3374:British colonial period 3175:International reactions 3168:have also been closed. 2713:Constitutional Tribunal 2483:Constitutional Tribunal 1510:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo 1040:Human rights in Myanmar 949:U.S. Campaign for Burma 769:Post-independence Burma 739:Democracy movements in 734:Part of a series on the 61:, in the background is 8151:4 October 2007 at the 7852:BBC, 26 September 2007 7475:27 August 2009 at the 6994:26 August 2009 at the 6720:27 August 2009 at the 6347:26 August 2009 at the 6032:New Protests in Arakan 5982:Radio New Zealand News 5962:9 January 2009 at the 5905:8 October 2007 at the 5355:3 January 2008 at the 4356:26 August 2009 at the 4315:BBC, 24 September 2007 4278:3 October 2018 at the 4133:28 August 2017 at the 3847:"Human Rights Concern" 3684:joined the call for a 3665: 3654: 3608: 2869:Diplomatic missions of 2658:House of Nationalities 2635:Provisional Government 2395: 1983:because of the former 1913: 1835:Myanmar prime minister 1779: 1648: 1409:Swedish National Radio 1372: 1347:introduced unilateral 1315: 979:People's Defence Force 689: 656:ရွှေဝါရောင်တော်လှန်ရေး 629:compressed natural gas 612:ရွှေဝါရောင်တော်လှန်ရေး 9312:2000s political riots 8377:Myanmar and the World 8191:Stirland, Sarah Lai. 8168:. dariosalvelli.com. 8056:29 April 2011 at the 7762:Amnesty International 7608:"Nilar Thein Profile" 7101:28 March 2022 at the 6865:Oxford Business Group 6843:AFP, 16 October 2007 6636:The Belfast Telegraph 6287:22 March 2021 at the 5628:, 29 September 2007. 5413:. 28 September 2007. 5063:. 27 September 2007. 5033:. 27 September 2007. 4791:14 March 2008 at the 4499:. 24 September 2007. 4431:. 23 September 2007. 4409:Monks' protest swells 3695:A campaign labelled " 3660: 3649: 3617:US Campaign for Burma 3606: 3348:Nyaungyan Restoration 3275:Warring states period 3201:Prehistory of Myanmar 3079:Paulo Sergio Pinheiro 3069:Reports forwarded by 2596:Deputy Prime Minister 2393: 2252:Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro 2203:added a report about 2115:is a major investor. 2079:Amnesty International 1907: 1840:, reportedly died of 1773: 1646: 1370: 1343:Meanwhile, President 1310: 1161:Amnesty International 684: 640:nonviolent resistance 345:Communist (1948–1988) 185:Uprising suppressed, 176:nonviolent resistance 96:Military dictatorship 9297:Massacres in Myanmar 9013:Environmental issues 8972:Units of measurement 8619:First Toungoo Empire 8400:David I. Steinberg, 8391:29 July 2014 at the 8273:"Total out of Burma" 8041:, 27 September 2007. 7713:. 12 November 2008. 7635:"Sandar Min Profile" 7581:"Mar Mar Oo Profile" 7289:, 26 September 2008. 6867:. 18 February 2016. 6813:BBC, 15 October 2007 5690:20 July 2008 at the 5650:, 30 September 2007. 5339:, 27 September 2007. 5201:24 June 2008 at the 5185:, 28 September 2007. 5093:on 10 September 2012 4460:25 July 2008 at the 4414:, 23 September 2007. 4156:BBC, 2 November 2006 4091:BBC, 2 October 2007 3940:on 28 February 2008. 3650:Protesters march in 3392:Nationalist movement 3356:Restored Hanthawaddy 3342:First Toungoo Empire 3318:1287–1539, 1550–1552 3130:foreign exchange act 3095:New Light of Myanmar 3085:Arrests and releases 2927:Mahn Win Khaing Than 2429:New Light of Myanmar 2049:Human Rights Council 1849:Human Rights Council 1543:Vice Senior-General 944:Free Burma Coalition 859:Roadmap to democracy 534:Anti-Muslim violence 431:Bombings and attacks 257:Myanmar Police Force 106:Political corruption 101:Political repression 9307:Protests in Myanmar 9302:Politics of Myanmar 9292:Mass murder in 2007 8651:Japanese occupation 8604:Hanthawaddy Kingdom 8311:on 12 February 2012 7939:18 May 2008 at the 7867:, 28 September 2007 7336:. 20 October 2008. 7332:. Radio Free Asia. 7209:. uk.news.yahoo.com 6899:BBC 16 October 2007 6809:10 May 2022 at the 6771:on 14 October 2007. 6741:. 12 October 2007. 6692:. 11 October 2007. 6569:The Daily Telegraph 6327:on 11 October 2007. 6189:on 25 October 2007. 6117:on 19 October 2007. 5833:30 September 2007. 5771:30 September 2007. 5749:29 September 2007. 5643:27 May 2008 at the 5373:11 May 2011 at the 5315:on 11 November 2012 4999:The Daily Telegraph 4948:on 23 November 2008 4860:. 27 September 2007 4798:, 26 September 2007 4715:9 July 2022 at the 4689:The Daily Telegraph 4669:9 July 2022 at the 4624:9 June 2007 at the 4527:11 May 2011 at the 4478:11 May 2011 at the 4283:The Washington Post 3853:on 17 February 2009 3799:Buddhism in Myanmar 3424:Ne Win dictatorship 3398:Japanese occupation 3386:Resistance movement 3316:Hanthawaddy Kingdom 3267:Early Pagan Kingdom 3151:Internet in Myanmar 2717:Chairman: Than Kyaw 2448:Politics of Myanmar 2417:Shwepyitha Township 1872:later in the week. 1870:UN Security Council 1847:The United Nations 1699:, Culture Minister 1353:UN General Assembly 1045:Politics of Myanmar 153:political prisoners 9236:Outline of Myanmar 8952:Telecommunications 8868:commander-in-chief 8661:Socialist Republic 8609:Kingdom of Mrauk U 8453:(WMV) Mizzima News 7934:personal sanctions 7741:1 May 2011 at the 7711:The New York Times 7409:ABC News Australia 7369:on 3 December 2016 7310:on 3 December 2016 7118:. thenews.com.pk. 6483:. 9 October 2007. 6098:The Globe and Mail 5796:29 September 2007 5734:30 September 2007. 5443:on 16 January 2009 5154:on 25 October 2007 5005:on 11 October 2007 4832:The Globe and Mail 4256:on 8 October 2007. 3903:Timothy Garton Ash 3666: 3655: 3652:Kitchener, Ontario 3609: 3589:Goteborg Book Fair 3499:Myanmar portal 3430:SLORC / SPDC junta 3380:Anglo-Burmese Wars 3328:Kingdom of Mrauk U 3249:Arakanese kingdoms 3217:Sri Ksetra Kingdom 3183:History of Myanmar 2993:Myanmar portal 2396: 2367:United Nations Day 2133:Nobutaka Machimura 2129:Rangoon University 1914: 1780: 1649: 1373: 1316: 836:Saffron Revolution 690: 604:Saffron Revolution 592:Myanmar portal 219:Student protestors 42:Saffron Revolution 9244: 9243: 9191: 9190: 9028:Human trafficking 8980: 8979: 8919: 8918: 8887:Political parties 8826:Foreign relations 8788: 8787: 8579:Myinsaing Kingdom 8545: 8544: 7302:. BurmaNet News. 6135:on 25 August 2009 5818:30 September 2007 5575:BBC News article. 5226:27 September 2007 5148:Japan News Review 4548:on 7 October 2008 3934:www.aljazeera.com 3915:978-0-19-955201-6 3736:(which also owns 3697:Panties for Peace 3613:Burma Campaign UK 3581:Nobel Peace Prize 3533: 3532: 3436:Political reforms 3209:200 BCE – 1050 CE 3164:reports that all 3036: 3035: 2903:Exiled government 2886:Visa requirements 2833:Foreign relations 2785:Political parties 2478:2008 Constitution 2195:Mandalay Division 1683:30 September 2007 1673:Mandalay Division 1563:29 September 2007 1496:28 September 2007 1420:27 September 2007 1414:Burma Campaign UK 1398:26 September 2007 1363:25 September 2007 1338:Thura Myint Maung 1303:24 September 2007 1281:Nobel Peace Prize 1086: 1085: 939:Burma Campaign UK 841:Spring Revolution 703:colour revolution 599: 598: 294: 293: 290: 289: 187:political reforms 16:(Redirected from 9339: 9227: 9215: 9214: 9203: 9202: 9161:National symbols 8991: 8990: 8947:Opium production 8930: 8929: 8799: 8798: 8713: 8712: 8631:Konbaung dynasty 8533: 8532: 8514: 8507: 8500: 8491: 8490: 8481: 8470: 8459: 8335: 8334: 8327: 8321: 8320: 8318: 8316: 8310: 8303: 8295: 8289: 8288: 8286: 8284: 8269: 8263: 8262: 8260: 8258: 8237: 8231: 8215: 8209: 8208: 8206: 8204: 8188: 8182: 8181: 8179: 8177: 8162: 8156: 8143: 8137: 8124: 8118: 8117: 8115: 8113: 8098: 8092: 8091: 8089: 8087: 8067: 8061: 8048: 8042: 8026: 8020: 8007: 8001: 7995: 7989: 7988: 7986: 7984: 7969: 7963: 7962:Fox News Channel 7950: 7944: 7931: 7925: 7912: 7906: 7893: 7887: 7874: 7868: 7859: 7853: 7840: 7834: 7821: 7815: 7802: 7796: 7787: 7781: 7780: 7778: 7776: 7771:on 29 April 2011 7770: 7759: 7751: 7745: 7733: 7727: 7726: 7724: 7722: 7703: 7697: 7684: 7678: 7677: 7675: 7673: 7657: 7651: 7650: 7648: 7646: 7630: 7624: 7623: 7621: 7619: 7603: 7597: 7596: 7594: 7592: 7576: 7570: 7557: 7551: 7538: 7532: 7531: 7529: 7527: 7508: 7502: 7489: 7483: 7482:, 2 October 2007 7467: 7461: 7460:, 1 October 2007 7452: 7446: 7445: 7443: 7441: 7430: 7424: 7416: 7410: 7397: 7391: 7385: 7379: 7378: 7376: 7374: 7359: 7350: 7349: 7347: 7345: 7326: 7320: 7319: 7317: 7315: 7296: 7290: 7271: 7265: 7259: 7253: 7244: 7238: 7225: 7219: 7218: 7216: 7214: 7203: 7197: 7184: 7178: 7172: 7166: 7153: 7147: 7138: 7132: 7131: 7129: 7127: 7112: 7106: 7093: 7087: 7074: 7068: 7052: 7046: 7030: 7024: 7016:19 October 2007 7008: 7002: 6986: 6980: 6972:18 October 2007 6964: 6958: 6957: 6955: 6953: 6925: 6919: 6906: 6900: 6887: 6881: 6880: 6878: 6876: 6857: 6851: 6839: 6833: 6820: 6814: 6801: 6795: 6794: 6792: 6790: 6779: 6773: 6772: 6761: 6755: 6754: 6752: 6750: 6731: 6725: 6712: 6706: 6705: 6703: 6701: 6682: 6676: 6658: 6652: 6651: 6649: 6647: 6628: 6622: 6609: 6603: 6590: 6584: 6578: 6572: 6563: 6557: 6548: 6542: 6529: 6523: 6522: 6520: 6518: 6503: 6497: 6496: 6494: 6492: 6473: 6467: 6451: 6445: 6421: 6415: 6391: 6385: 6369: 6363: 6357: 6351: 6335: 6329: 6328: 6323:. 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5777:Wayback Machine 5764: 5760: 5755:Wayback Machine 5742: 5738: 5727: 5723: 5718:Wayback Machine 5708: 5701: 5692:Wayback Machine 5683: 5676: 5667:Wayback Machine 5658: 5654: 5645:Wayback Machine 5636: 5632: 5621: 5617: 5613:Reuters, India. 5611:Wayback Machine 5602: 5598: 5593:Wayback Machine 5583: 5579: 5571: 5567: 5557: 5555: 5546: 5545: 5538: 5533:Wayback Machine 5520: 5516: 5511:Wayback Machine 5498: 5494: 5488:Wayback Machine 5479: 5475: 5470:Wayback Machine 5460: 5456: 5446: 5444: 5435: 5434: 5430: 5420: 5418: 5405: 5404: 5400: 5394:Wayback Machine 5385: 5381: 5375:Wayback Machine 5366: 5362: 5357:Wayback Machine 5347: 5343: 5332: 5328: 5318: 5316: 5303: 5302: 5298: 5288: 5286: 5275: 5268: 5263:Wayback Machine 5253: 5249: 5244:Wayback Machine 5234: 5230: 5221:Wayback Machine 5212: 5208: 5203:Wayback Machine 5193: 5189: 5183:Financial Times 5180:Wayback Machine 5171: 5167: 5157: 5155: 5142: 5141: 5137: 5127: 5125: 5110: 5106: 5096: 5094: 5085: 5084: 5080: 5070: 5068: 5055: 5054: 5050: 5040: 5038: 5023: 5022: 5018: 5008: 5006: 4991: 4987: 4977: 4975: 4966: 4965: 4961: 4951: 4949: 4942:The Independent 4934: 4930: 4925:Wayback Machine 4915: 4911: 4903: 4899: 4889: 4887: 4878: 4877: 4873: 4863: 4861: 4852: 4851: 4847: 4837: 4835: 4826: 4825: 4821: 4816:Wayback Machine 4806: 4802: 4793:Wayback Machine 4784: 4780: 4774:Wayback Machine 4765: 4761: 4756:Wayback Machine 4746: 4742: 4737:Wayback Machine 4727: 4723: 4717:Wayback Machine 4708: 4704: 4694: 4692: 4681: 4677: 4671:Wayback Machine 4662: 4658: 4648: 4646: 4637: 4636: 4632: 4626:Wayback Machine 4617: 4613: 4607:Wayback Machine 4598: 4594: 4586: 4582: 4576:Wayback Machine 4565: 4561: 4551: 4549: 4540: 4539: 4535: 4529:Wayback Machine 4520: 4516: 4506: 4504: 4491: 4490: 4486: 4480:Wayback Machine 4471: 4467: 4462:Wayback Machine 4452: 4448: 4438: 4436: 4423: 4422: 4418: 4407: 4403: 4393: 4391: 4387: 4386: 4382: 4377:Wayback Machine 4367: 4363: 4358:Wayback Machine 4348: 4341: 4335:Wayback Machine 4326: 4319: 4313:Wayback Machine 4304: 4300: 4293: 4289: 4280:Wayback Machine 4271:Glenn Kessler, 4270: 4261: 4248: 4247: 4243: 4227: 4226: 4219: 4217: 4212: 4211: 4207: 4202:Wayback Machine 4192: 4188: 4178: 4177: 4173: 4164: 4160: 4154:Wayback Machine 4145: 4141: 4135:Wayback Machine 4126: 4113: 4106: 4102: 4097:Wayback Machine 4087: 4083: 4075:Michael Casey, 4074: 4061: 4054:Wayback Machine 4040: 4036: 4023: 4021: 4006: 4002: 3992: 3990: 3981: 3980: 3976: 3966: 3964: 3949: 3945: 3928: 3927: 3923: 3917:, pp. 354–370. 3896: 3892: 3882: 3880: 3871: 3870: 3866: 3856: 3854: 3845: 3844: 3837: 3832: 3790: 3719:Wayback Machine 3708:Australian Idol 3601: 3572:Prime Minister 3548: 3539: 3529: 3493: 3491: 3336:Toungoo dynasty 3296:Sagaing Kingdom 3237: 3221:Tagaung Kingdom 3214: 3207:Pyu city-states 3177: 3153: 3147: 3120:, Pannate Tun, 3087: 3032: 3003: 2999:Other countries 2987: 2985: 2980: 2979: 2948: 2940: 2939: 2904: 2896: 2895: 2877: 2865: 2835: 2825: 2824: 2800: 2790: 2789: 2781: 2759: 2734: 2723: 2722: 2704:Chief Justice: 2695: 2687: 2686: 2653: 2642: 2641: 2587:Min Aung Hlaing 2541:Min Aung Hlaing 2524:Min Aung Hlaing 2509: 2501: 2500: 2473: 2450: 2441: 2413: 2388: 2375: 2373:7 November 2007 2355: 2353:2 November 2007 2326: 2324:31 October 2007 2297: 2295:26 October 2007 2269: 2267:24 October 2007 2260:Laura Trevelyan 2244: 2242:22 October 2007 2235: 2233:20 October 2007 2222: 2220:19 October 2007 2213: 2211:18 October 2007 2159:Reports in the 2146: 2144:17 October 2007 2125:human resources 2121: 2119:16 October 2007 2100: 2098:15 October 2007 2091: 2089:13 October 2007 2062: 2060:12 October 2007 2045:Ibrahim Gambari 2041: 2039:11 October 2007 2016:Gordon Johndroe 2012:foreign affairs 1993: 1991:10 October 2007 1981:golf tournament 1962: 1950: 1937:Ibrahim Gambari 1918:Shari Villarosa 1902: 1889: 1866:Lee Hsien Loong 1858: 1838:General Soe Win 1814:Ibrahim Gambari 1811: 1758: 1750:Mitoji Yabunaka 1701:Khin Aung Myint 1689:Ibrahim Gambari 1685: 1617:Gordon Johndroe 1606:Ibrahim Gambari 1565: 1498: 1486:Ibrahim Gambari 1422: 1400: 1395: 1393:Junta crackdown 1365: 1305: 1249: 1208: 1180: 1166:Two members of 1144: 1109:Senior General 1091: 1082: 1030: 987: 954:Generation Wave 919: 880: 869: 867:Reforms of 2011 865: 861: 849: 821: 759: 754: 729: 722: 679: 600: 595: 586: 584: 582: 424:Northeast India 340:Armed conflicts 333: 328: 326: 324: 286: 269: 225: 220: 218: 216: 147:Minority rights 120:State terrorism 85: 65: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9345: 9335: 9334: 9329: 9324: 9319: 9314: 9309: 9304: 9299: 9294: 9289: 9284: 9279: 9274: 9269: 9264: 9259: 9242: 9241: 9239: 9238: 9233: 9221: 9209: 9196: 9193: 9192: 9189: 9188: 9186: 9185: 9184: 9183: 9173: 9168: 9163: 9158: 9153: 9148: 9143: 9138: 9133: 9128: 9123: 9118: 9113: 9108: 9103: 9098: 9093: 9088: 9083: 9078: 9073: 9067: 9065: 9059: 9058: 9056: 9055: 9050: 9045: 9040: 9035: 9030: 9025: 9020: 9015: 9010: 9005: 9000: 8994: 8988: 8982: 8981: 8978: 8977: 8975: 8974: 8969: 8967:Transportation 8964: 8959: 8954: 8949: 8944: 8939: 8933: 8927: 8921: 8920: 8917: 8916: 8914: 8913: 8912: 8911: 8904:Prime Minister 8901: 8900: 8899: 8889: 8884: 8883: 8882: 8872: 8871: 8870: 8865: 8855: 8850: 8845: 8844: 8843: 8841:Women's rights 8838: 8828: 8823: 8818: 8813: 8808: 8802: 8796: 8790: 8789: 8786: 8785: 8783: 8782: 8777: 8772: 8767: 8762: 8757: 8752: 8747: 8742: 8737: 8732: 8727: 8722: 8716: 8710: 8704: 8703: 8701: 8700: 8699: 8698: 8693: 8683: 8678: 8673: 8668: 8663: 8658: 8656:Union of Burma 8653: 8648: 8643: 8641:Karenni States 8638: 8633: 8628: 8623: 8622: 8621: 8611: 8606: 8601: 8596: 8594:Kingdom of Ava 8591: 8586: 8581: 8576: 8571: 8569:Thaton Kingdom 8566: 8561: 8555: 8553: 8547: 8546: 8543: 8542: 8529: 8528: 8517: 8516: 8509: 8502: 8494: 8488: 8487: 8476: 8465: 8454: 8446: 8443: 8442: 8441: 8428: 8416: 8413: 8412: 8411: 8405: 8395: 8383: 8374: 8367: 8361: 8356: 8350: 8343: 8342:External links 8340: 8337: 8336: 8322: 8290: 8264: 8232: 8210: 8183: 8157: 8138: 8119: 8093: 8062: 8043: 8021: 8002: 7990: 7975:. monywa.org. 7973:"Missima News" 7964: 7945: 7926: 7907: 7888: 7869: 7854: 7835: 7816: 7797: 7782: 7746: 7728: 7698: 7679: 7652: 7625: 7598: 7571: 7552: 7533: 7503: 7484: 7462: 7447: 7425: 7411: 7392: 7380: 7351: 7321: 7291: 7266: 7254: 7239: 7220: 7198: 7179: 7167: 7148: 7133: 7107: 7088: 7069: 7047: 7025: 7003: 6981: 6959: 6920: 6901: 6882: 6852: 6834: 6815: 6796: 6774: 6756: 6726: 6707: 6677: 6653: 6623: 6604: 6585: 6573: 6558: 6543: 6524: 6498: 6468: 6446: 6416: 6386: 6384:5 October 2007 6382:Narinjara News 6364: 6352: 6330: 6312: 6293: 6274: 6272:3 October 2007 6252: 6230: 6211: 6192: 6168: 6146: 6120: 6102: 6100:3 October 2007 6087: 6068: 6066:2 October 2007 6064:Irrawaddy News 6046: 6044:1 October 2007 6042:Narinjara News 6024: 6005: 5993: 5971: 5967:Reuters, India 5949: 5930: 5911: 5892: 5873: 5861: 5842: 5820: 5816:Narinjara News 5798: 5780: 5758: 5736: 5721: 5699: 5697:7 October 2007 5674: 5652: 5630: 5615: 5596: 5577: 5565: 5536: 5525:The First Post 5514: 5503:The First Post 5492: 5473: 5454: 5428: 5398: 5379: 5360: 5341: 5326: 5296: 5266: 5247: 5228: 5224:Narinjara News 5206: 5187: 5165: 5135: 5104: 5078: 5048: 5016: 4985: 4959: 4928: 4909: 4897: 4871: 4845: 4819: 4800: 4778: 4759: 4740: 4721: 4702: 4675: 4656: 4645:on 8 July 2009 4630: 4611: 4592: 4580: 4559: 4533: 4514: 4484: 4465: 4446: 4416: 4401: 4380: 4361: 4339: 4317: 4298: 4287: 4259: 4241: 4205: 4186: 4171: 4158: 4139: 4111: 4100: 4081: 4059: 4057:6 October 2006 4034: 4000: 3974: 3943: 3921: 3890: 3864: 3834: 3833: 3831: 3828: 3827: 3826: 3821: 3812: 3807: 3801: 3796: 3789: 3786: 3704:James Mathison 3702:In Australia, 3600: 3597: 3547: 3544: 3535:Main article: 3531: 3530: 3528: 3527: 3520: 3513: 3505: 3502: 3501: 3488: 3487: 3486: 3485: 3484: 3483: 3473: 3468: 3463: 3458: 3450: 3449: 3448: 3447: 3446: 3445: 3439: 3433: 3427: 3421: 3406: 3405: 3404: 3403: 3402: 3401: 3395: 3389: 3383: 3368: 3367: 3366: 3365: 3359: 3353: 3352: 3351: 3345: 3333: 3332: 3331: 3325: 3319: 3313: 3312: 3311: 3305: 3302:Kingdom of Ava 3299: 3293: 3290:Pinya Kingdoms 3272: 3271: 3270: 3255: 3254: 3253: 3252: 3245: 3244: 3240:Thaton Kingdom 3234: 3233: 3226: 3225: 3211: 3210: 3204: 3203:11,000–200 BCE 3195: 3194: 3186: 3185: 3176: 3173: 3166:Internet cafés 3146: 3143: 3086: 3083: 3034: 3033: 3031: 3030: 3023: 3016: 3008: 3005: 3004: 3002: 3001: 2995: 2982: 2981: 2978: 2977: 2972: 2971: 2970: 2960: 2955: 2949: 2947:Related topics 2946: 2945: 2942: 2941: 2938: 2937: 2936: 2935: 2929: 2923: 2911: 2905: 2902: 2901: 2898: 2897: 2894: 2893: 2888: 2883: 2876: 2875: 2864: 2863: 2862: 2861: 2850: 2849: 2848: 2836: 2831: 2830: 2827: 2826: 2823: 2822: 2817: 2812: 2807: 2801: 2796: 2795: 2792: 2791: 2788: 2787: 2782: 2780: 2779: 2774: 2769: 2765:Presidential: 2762: 2760: 2758: 2757: 2750: 2745: 2738: 2735: 2729: 2728: 2725: 2724: 2721: 2720: 2719: 2718: 2710: 2709: 2708: 2696: 2693: 2692: 2689: 2688: 2685: 2684: 2679: 2678: 2677: 2667: 2666: 2665: 2654: 2648: 2647: 2644: 2643: 2640: 2639: 2638: 2637: 2626: 2625: 2624: 2623: 2618: 2613: 2608: 2603: 2592: 2591: 2590: 2589: 2577:Prime Minister 2573: 2572: 2571: 2570: 2569:Second: Vacant 2567: 2559:Vice-President 2555: 2554: 2553: 2552: 2543: 2529: 2528: 2527: 2510: 2507: 2506: 2503: 2502: 2499: 2498: 2493: 2492: 2491: 2480: 2474: 2469: 2468: 2465: 2464: 2461: 2460: 2452: 2451: 2446: 2440: 2437: 2412: 2409: 2387: 2386:September 2008 2384: 2374: 2371: 2359:Charles Petrie 2354: 2351: 2330:Buddhist monks 2328:More than 100 2325: 2322: 2296: 2293: 2268: 2265: 2243: 2240: 2234: 2231: 2221: 2218: 2212: 2209: 2145: 2142: 2120: 2117: 2099: 2096: 2090: 2087: 2061: 2058: 2040: 2037: 2024:Sikai Division 1999:, died during 1992: 1989: 1970:Nelson Mandela 1961: 1960:9 October 2007 1958: 1949: 1948:8 October 2007 1946: 1901: 1900:5 October 2007 1898: 1888: 1887:4 October 2007 1885: 1857: 1856:3 October 2007 1854: 1810: 1809:2 October 2007 1807: 1757: 1756:1 October 2007 1754: 1684: 1681: 1658:Buddha statues 1564: 1561: 1534:Burmese troops 1497: 1494: 1421: 1418: 1399: 1396: 1394: 1391: 1364: 1361: 1345:George W. Bush 1323:and film star 1304: 1301: 1264:, Pakokku and 1248: 1245: 1207: 1204: 1202:fuel company. 1179: 1176: 1143: 1140: 1139: 1138: 1132: 1126: 1120: 1114: 1090: 1087: 1084: 1083: 1081: 1080: 1073: 1066: 1058: 1055: 1054: 1053: 1052: 1047: 1042: 1034: 1033: 1031:Related topics 1027: 1026: 1025: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1004: 999: 991: 990: 984: 983: 982: 981: 976: 971: 966: 961: 956: 951: 946: 941: 936: 931: 923: 922: 916: 915: 914: 913: 908: 903: 898: 893: 885: 884: 876: 875: 874: 873: 853: 852: 846: 845: 844: 843: 838: 833: 825: 824: 818: 817: 816: 815: 807: 806: 805: 804: 796: 795: 794: 793: 785: 784: 783: 782: 774: 773: 772: 771: 763: 762: 756: 755: 752: 744: 743: 736: 735: 721: 718: 678: 675: 651:Buddhist monks 597: 596: 581: 580: 575: 570: 562:Related topics 559: 558: 553: 548: 543: 530: 529: 524: 519: 514: 509: 498: 497: 492: 487: 476: 475: 470: 465: 460: 455: 450: 445: 440: 427: 426: 421: 420: 419: 412:post-2021 coup 409: 404: 403: 402: 397: 392: 382: 381: 380: 375: 367: 362: 357: 352: 347: 338: 335: 334: 323: 322: 315: 308: 300: 292: 291: 288: 287: 271: 270: 259: 249: 228: 226: 206: 199: 198: 194: 193: 183: 179: 178: 172:demonstrations 165: 161: 160: 159: 158: 155: 149: 144: 139: 137:Free elections 134: 129: 125: 124: 123: 122: 117: 114: 108: 103: 98: 91: 87: 86: 81: 79: 75: 74: 71: 67: 66: 53:Protesters in 52: 44: 43: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9344: 9333: 9330: 9328: 9325: 9323: 9320: 9318: 9315: 9313: 9310: 9308: 9305: 9303: 9300: 9298: 9295: 9293: 9290: 9288: 9285: 9283: 9282:Fuel protests 9280: 9278: 9277:Energy crises 9275: 9273: 9270: 9268: 9265: 9263: 9262:2007 protests 9260: 9258: 9255: 9254: 9252: 9237: 9234: 9232: 9231: 9226: 9222: 9220: 9219: 9210: 9208: 9207: 9198: 9197: 9194: 9182: 9179: 9178: 9177: 9174: 9172: 9169: 9167: 9164: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9152: 9149: 9147: 9144: 9142: 9139: 9137: 9134: 9132: 9129: 9127: 9124: 9122: 9119: 9117: 9114: 9112: 9109: 9107: 9104: 9102: 9099: 9097: 9094: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9084: 9082: 9079: 9077: 9074: 9072: 9069: 9068: 9066: 9064: 9060: 9054: 9051: 9049: 9046: 9044: 9041: 9039: 9036: 9034: 9031: 9029: 9026: 9024: 9021: 9019: 9018:Ethnic groups 9016: 9014: 9011: 9009: 9006: 9004: 9001: 8999: 8996: 8995: 8992: 8989: 8987: 8983: 8973: 8970: 8968: 8965: 8963: 8960: 8958: 8955: 8953: 8950: 8948: 8945: 8943: 8940: 8938: 8935: 8934: 8931: 8928: 8926: 8922: 8910: 8907: 8906: 8905: 8902: 8898: 8895: 8894: 8893: 8890: 8888: 8885: 8881: 8878: 8877: 8876: 8873: 8869: 8866: 8864: 8863:military rule 8861: 8860: 8859: 8856: 8854: 8851: 8849: 8846: 8842: 8839: 8837: 8834: 8833: 8832: 8829: 8827: 8824: 8822: 8819: 8817: 8814: 8812: 8809: 8807: 8804: 8803: 8800: 8797: 8795: 8791: 8781: 8778: 8776: 8773: 8771: 8768: 8766: 8763: 8761: 8758: 8756: 8753: 8751: 8748: 8746: 8743: 8741: 8738: 8736: 8735:Deforestation 8733: 8731: 8728: 8726: 8723: 8721: 8718: 8717: 8714: 8711: 8709: 8705: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8688: 8687: 8684: 8682: 8679: 8677: 8676:2007 protests 8674: 8672: 8669: 8667: 8666:8888 Uprising 8664: 8662: 8659: 8657: 8654: 8652: 8649: 8647: 8644: 8642: 8639: 8637: 8634: 8632: 8629: 8627: 8624: 8620: 8617: 8616: 8615: 8612: 8610: 8607: 8605: 8602: 8600: 8599:Prome Kingdom 8597: 8595: 8592: 8590: 8587: 8585: 8584:Pinya Kingdom 8582: 8580: 8577: 8575: 8574:Pagan Kingdom 8572: 8570: 8567: 8565: 8562: 8560: 8557: 8556: 8554: 8552: 8548: 8540: 8534: 8530: 8526: 8522: 8515: 8510: 8508: 8503: 8501: 8496: 8495: 8492: 8486: 8482: 8477: 8475: 8471: 8466: 8464: 8460: 8455: 8452: 8449: 8448: 8439: 8435: 8432: 8429: 8426: 8422: 8419: 8418: 8409: 8406: 8403: 8399: 8396: 8394: 8390: 8387: 8384: 8382: 8378: 8375: 8371: 8368: 8365: 8364:Burma Archive 8362: 8360: 8357: 8354: 8351: 8349: 8346: 8345: 8332: 8326: 8307: 8300: 8294: 8278: 8274: 8268: 8252: 8248: 8247: 8242: 8236: 8229: 8226: 8222: 8219: 8214: 8198: 8194: 8187: 8171: 8167: 8161: 8154: 8150: 8147: 8142: 8135: 8131: 8128: 8123: 8107: 8103: 8097: 8081: 8077: 8073: 8066: 8059: 8055: 8052: 8047: 8040: 8037: 8033: 8030: 8025: 8018: 8014: 8011: 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4384: 4378: 4374: 4370: 4365: 4359: 4355: 4351: 4346: 4344: 4336: 4332: 4329: 4324: 4322: 4314: 4310: 4307: 4302: 4296: 4291: 4284: 4281: 4277: 4274: 4268: 4266: 4264: 4255: 4251: 4245: 4237: 4231: 4215: 4209: 4203: 4199: 4195: 4190: 4182: 4175: 4168: 4162: 4155: 4151: 4148: 4143: 4136: 4132: 4129: 4124: 4122: 4120: 4118: 4116: 4109: 4104: 4098: 4094: 4090: 4085: 4078: 4072: 4070: 4068: 4066: 4064: 4056: 4055: 4051: 4048: 4043: 4038: 4031: 4019: 4015: 4011: 4004: 3988: 3984: 3978: 3962: 3958: 3954: 3947: 3939: 3935: 3931: 3925: 3919: 3916: 3912: 3908: 3904: 3900: 3894: 3878: 3874: 3868: 3852: 3848: 3842: 3840: 3835: 3825: 3822: 3820: 3816: 3813: 3811: 3810:Energy crisis 3808: 3805: 3802: 3800: 3797: 3795: 3792: 3791: 3785: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3771: 3766: 3764: 3760: 3755: 3751: 3747: 3743: 3739: 3735: 3731: 3727: 3722: 3720: 3716: 3713: 3709: 3705: 3700: 3698: 3693: 3691: 3687: 3683: 3677: 3673: 3671: 3664: 3663:Carlos Latuff 3659: 3653: 3648: 3644: 3642: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3605: 3596: 3594: 3590: 3586: 3582: 3578: 3575: 3570: 3566: 3564: 3560: 3556: 3551: 3543: 3538: 3526: 3521: 3519: 3514: 3512: 3507: 3506: 3504: 3503: 3500: 3490: 3489: 3482: 3481:Military rule 3479: 3478: 3477: 3474: 3472: 3469: 3467: 3464: 3462: 3459: 3457: 3454: 3453: 3452: 3451: 3443: 3440: 3437: 3434: 3431: 3428: 3425: 3422: 3419: 3416: 3415: 3414:1948–present 3413: 3410: 3409: 3408: 3407: 3399: 3396: 3393: 3390: 3387: 3384: 3381: 3378: 3377: 3375: 3372: 3371: 3370: 3369: 3363: 3360: 3357: 3354: 3349: 3346: 3343: 3340: 3339: 3337: 3334: 3329: 3326: 3323: 3320: 3317: 3314: 3309: 3308:Prome Kingdom 3306: 3303: 3300: 3297: 3294: 3291: 3287: 3284: 3283: 3281: 3280:Upper Myanmar 3278: 3277: 3276: 3273: 3268: 3265: 3264: 3262: 3261:Pagan Kingdom 3259: 3258: 3257: 3256: 3250: 3247: 3246: 3241: 3236: 3235: 3232:825?–1057? CE 3231: 3228: 3227: 3222: 3218: 3213: 3212: 3208: 3205: 3202: 3199: 3198: 3197: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3187: 3184: 3181: 3180: 3172: 3169: 3167: 3163: 3159: 3152: 3142: 3140: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3108:sentenced 14 3107: 3106:Insein Prison 3102: 3100: 3096: 3092: 3089:On 7 October 3082: 3080: 3075: 3072: 3067: 3065: 3064: 3058: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3045: 3041: 3029: 3024: 3022: 3017: 3015: 3010: 3009: 3007: 3006: 3000: 2997: 2996: 2994: 2984: 2983: 2976: 2975:Naming issues 2973: 2969: 2966: 2965: 2964: 2961: 2959: 2956: 2954: 2951: 2950: 2944: 2943: 2934: 2933:Duwa Lashi La 2930: 2928: 2924: 2921: 2920:Duwa Lashi La 2917: 2916: 2915: 2912: 2910: 2907: 2906: 2900: 2899: 2892: 2889: 2887: 2884: 2882: 2879: 2878: 2874: 2870: 2867: 2866: 2860: 2856: 2855: 2854: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2842: 2841: 2838: 2837: 2834: 2829: 2828: 2821: 2818: 2816: 2813: 2811: 2808: 2806: 2803: 2802: 2799: 2794: 2793: 2786: 2783: 2778: 2775: 2773: 2770: 2768: 2764: 2763: 2761: 2756: 2755: 2751: 2749: 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2206: 2202: 2201: 2200:The Irrawaddy 2196: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2163: 2157: 2155: 2151: 2141: 2138: 2134: 2130: 2126: 2116: 2114: 2108: 2106: 2095: 2086: 2082: 2080: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2067:Thin Thin Aye 2057: 2055: 2050: 2046: 2036: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2020: 2017: 2013: 2010: 2006: 2002: 2001:interrogation 1998: 1988: 1986: 1982: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1966: 1957: 1955: 1945: 1942: 1938: 1933: 1929: 1927: 1921: 1919: 1911: 1906: 1897: 1893: 1884: 1880: 1877: 1873: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1853: 1850: 1845: 1843: 1839: 1836: 1832: 1829: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1806: 1804: 1803:The Irrawaddy 1799: 1797: 1796:Rakhine State 1792: 1790: 1784: 1777: 1772: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1753: 1751: 1746: 1742: 1740: 1736: 1731: 1729: 1725: 1724:Javier Solana 1721: 1717: 1712: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1680: 1676: 1674: 1670: 1665: 1663: 1659: 1653: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1630: 1624: 1621: 1618: 1614: 1611: 1607: 1602: 1600: 1596: 1592: 1586: 1583: 1577: 1575: 1571: 1560: 1556: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1541: 1539: 1535: 1530: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1514: 1511: 1508: 1504: 1493: 1491: 1487: 1482: 1480: 1476: 1471: 1469: 1464: 1463: 1458: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1439: 1435: 1430: 1426: 1417: 1415: 1410: 1404: 1390: 1386: 1384: 1383:Insein Prison 1379: 1369: 1360: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1341: 1339: 1335: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1314: 1313:Buddhist flag 1309: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1290: 1289:her residence 1286: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1269: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1254: 1244: 1240: 1238: 1234: 1233:Arnt Bwe Kyaw 1230: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1203: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1184: 1175: 1171: 1169: 1164: 1162: 1159:London-based 1156: 1153: 1149: 1136: 1133: 1130: 1127: 1124: 1121: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1108: 1107: 1106: 1103: 1099: 1097: 1079: 1074: 1072: 1067: 1065: 1060: 1059: 1057: 1056: 1051: 1048: 1046: 1043: 1041: 1038: 1037: 1036: 1035: 1029: 1028: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1003: 1000: 998: 995: 994: 993: 992: 986: 985: 980: 977: 975: 972: 970: 967: 965: 962: 960: 957: 955: 952: 950: 947: 945: 942: 940: 937: 935: 932: 930: 927: 926: 925: 924: 920:Organizations 918: 917: 912: 909: 907: 904: 902: 899: 897: 894: 892: 889: 888: 887: 886: 883: 878: 877: 872: 868: 864: 860: 857: 856: 855: 854: 848: 847: 842: 839: 837: 834: 832: 831:8888 Uprising 829: 828: 827: 826: 822:Mass protests 820: 819: 814: 811: 810: 809: 808: 803: 800: 799: 798: 797: 792: 789: 788: 787: 786: 781: 778: 777: 776: 775: 770: 767: 766: 765: 764: 758: 757: 750: 746: 745: 742: 738: 737: 733: 732: 727: 717: 715: 710: 708: 704: 699: 695: 688: 683: 674: 672: 666: 663: 652: 647: 645: 641: 637: 632: 630: 625: 621: 617: 609: 605: 594: 593: 579: 576: 574: 571: 569: 566: 565: 564: 563: 557: 554: 552: 549: 547: 544: 542: 539: 538: 537: 536: 535: 528: 525: 523: 520: 518: 515: 513: 510: 508: 505: 504: 503: 502: 496: 493: 491: 488: 486: 483: 482: 481: 480: 474: 471: 469: 466: 464: 461: 459: 456: 454: 451: 449: 446: 444: 441: 439: 436: 435: 434: 433: 432: 425: 422: 418: 415: 414: 413: 410: 408: 405: 401: 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Retrieved 8306:the original 8293: 8281:. Retrieved 8267: 8255:. Retrieved 8244: 8235: 8228:The Irrawady 8227: 8213: 8201:. Retrieved 8196: 8186: 8174:. Retrieved 8160: 8141: 8122: 8110:. Retrieved 8096: 8084:. Retrieved 8075: 8065: 8046: 8038: 8024: 8005: 7993: 7981:. Retrieved 7967: 7948: 7929: 7910: 7891: 7872: 7865:Bangkok Post 7864: 7857: 7838: 7819: 7800: 7795:16 May 2009. 7785: 7773:. Retrieved 7766:the original 7749: 7731: 7719:. Retrieved 7710: 7701: 7682: 7670:. Retrieved 7655: 7643:. Retrieved 7628: 7616:. Retrieved 7601: 7589:. Retrieved 7574: 7555: 7536: 7524:. Retrieved 7520:the original 7515: 7506: 7487: 7479: 7465: 7457: 7450: 7438:. Retrieved 7428: 7421: 7414: 7395: 7383: 7371:. Retrieved 7367:the original 7342:. Retrieved 7324: 7312:. Retrieved 7308:the original 7294: 7284: 7269: 7257: 7242: 7223: 7211:. Retrieved 7201: 7182: 7170: 7151: 7143: 7136: 7124:. Retrieved 7110: 7091: 7072: 7054: 7050: 7032: 7028: 7013: 7006: 6998: 6984: 6969: 6962: 6950:. Retrieved 6934:The Guardian 6933: 6923: 6904: 6885: 6873:. Retrieved 6864: 6855: 6837: 6818: 6799: 6787:. Retrieved 6777: 6769:the original 6759: 6747:. Retrieved 6738: 6729: 6710: 6698:. Retrieved 6689: 6680: 6668: 6664: 6656: 6644:. Retrieved 6640:the original 6635: 6626: 6607: 6588: 6576: 6568: 6561: 6553: 6546: 6527: 6515:. Retrieved 6501: 6489:. Retrieved 6480: 6471: 6457:The Guardian 6456: 6449: 6439: 6431: 6427: 6419: 6409: 6401: 6397: 6389: 6381: 6367: 6355: 6340: 6333: 6325:the original 6315: 6296: 6277: 6269: 6255: 6241:Mizzima News 6240: 6233: 6214: 6195: 6184:the original 6171: 6159:. Retrieved 6149: 6137:. Retrieved 6133:the original 6123: 6115:the original 6105: 6097: 6090: 6071: 6063: 6049: 6041: 6027: 6008: 5996: 5981: 5974: 5966: 5952: 5933: 5914: 5895: 5876: 5864: 5845: 5831:Mizzima News 5830: 5823: 5815: 5801: 5793: 5768: 5761: 5747:Mizzima News 5746: 5739: 5732:Boston Globe 5731: 5724: 5694: 5655: 5647: 5633: 5625: 5618: 5599: 5580: 5568: 5556:. Retrieved 5524: 5517: 5502: 5495: 5476: 5457: 5445:. Retrieved 5441:the original 5431: 5419:. Retrieved 5410: 5401: 5382: 5363: 5344: 5337:The Guardian 5336: 5329: 5317:. Retrieved 5313:the original 5309:The Guardian 5308: 5299: 5287:. Retrieved 5283:The Guardian 5282: 5250: 5231: 5223: 5209: 5190: 5182: 5168: 5156:. Retrieved 5152:the original 5138: 5128:28 September 5126:. Retrieved 5117: 5107: 5097:28 September 5095:. Retrieved 5091:the original 5081: 5071:27 September 5069:. Retrieved 5051: 5041:27 September 5039:. Retrieved 5028: 5019: 5009:27 September 5007:. Retrieved 5003:the original 4998: 4988: 4978:27 September 4976:. Retrieved 4972:The Guardian 4971: 4962: 4950:. Retrieved 4946:the original 4941: 4931: 4912: 4900: 4890:26 September 4888:. Retrieved 4874: 4864:26 September 4862:. Retrieved 4857: 4848: 4838:27 September 4836:. Retrieved 4831: 4822: 4803: 4795: 4781: 4762: 4743: 4724: 4705: 4693:. Retrieved 4688: 4678: 4659: 4647:. 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Retrieved 3851:the original 3767: 3752:in southern 3723: 3701: 3694: 3678: 3674: 3669: 3667: 3610: 3585:Desmond Tutu 3579: 3571: 3567: 3552: 3549: 3540: 3444:2021–present 3230:Mon kingdoms 3170: 3158:Mizzima News 3154: 3133: 3129: 3103: 3088: 3076: 3071:Times Online 3070: 3068: 3061: 3060:Australia's 3059: 3052: 3048: 3037: 2963:Human rights 2859:Ko Ko Hlaing 2776: 2753: 2706:Htun Htun Oo 2611:Tin Aung San 2471:Constitution 2414: 2411:October 2008 2397: 2376: 2356: 2327: 2317:Tang Jiaxuan 2309:Sule Pagodas 2299:Hundreds of 2298: 2290: 2270: 2245: 2236: 2227: 2223: 2214: 2198: 2193:township in 2160: 2158: 2147: 2122: 2109: 2101: 2092: 2083: 2063: 2042: 2021: 1994: 1985:British Open 1967: 1963: 1951: 1934: 1930: 1922: 1915: 1910:Kuala Lumpur 1894: 1890: 1881: 1878: 1874: 1859: 1846: 1833: 1830: 1812: 1802: 1800: 1793: 1785: 1781: 1766: 1759: 1747: 1743: 1739:Karen people 1732: 1728:Mark Canning 1713: 1686: 1677: 1669:Kyaukpadaung 1666: 1654: 1650: 1638: 1634: 1629:Times Online 1628: 1625: 1622: 1603: 1587: 1578: 1572:service via 1566: 1557: 1542: 1531: 1519:Yasuo Fukuda 1515: 1499: 1483: 1472: 1467: 1462:The Guardian 1460: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1412:monks". 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