Trafalgar campaign

203: 192: 175: 133: 1139:, and then spend a month attacking and capturing the British colonies in the West Indies. He was then to sail his entire force back to Europe, join Ganteaume at Brest and cover the invasion flotilla. The orders also noted that Nelson had sailed to Egypt in search of him. In fact Nelson was by now only two days away from Barbados, where he would anchor on 4 June. Villeneuve gathered his forces and pressed northwards towards Antigua, but on 7 June he came across a lightly defended convoy of British merchants, and captured several of them the following day. From them he discovered that Nelson had arrived at Barbados. A shocked Villeneuve decided to break off operations and head north and east again, back to Europe. The fleet got underway on 11 June, causing one of the army officers attached to the fleet, General 1157:

of mistaken sightings, deliberate misinformation, and sheer coincidence kept Nelson heading south until 8 June, when more concrete information reached him that Villeneuve was north of his position, and heading towards Antigua. He finally reached Antigua on 12 June, and learnt that Villeneuve had passed by the day before, headed for Europe. Nelson left in pursuit on 13 June, anticipating that his quarry would make either for Cádiz, or would attempt to re-enter the Mediterranean. Villeneuve was in fact heading for Ferrol, and by hoping to catch them at sea before they could make port, Nelson set his course too far to the south and missed them. He eventually arrived at Gibraltar on 19 July, after which he sailed his fleet to join the Channel Fleet under Cornwallis, before taking the

1235:, trailing in the rear. Fearing the British were attempting to cut off his rear, Villeneuve brought his fleet about and the Spanish van opened fire on the leading British ships at about 5.30 pm. The action quickly became general, but in the failing light, mist and gunsmoke both fleets soon became scattered. By the time the action broke off at 9.30 pm, two Spanish ships had been isolated and captured. Both fleets were still scattered the following day. They continued to observe each other, but neither made an attempt to resume the action, and despite more favourable winds on 24 July, Calder declined to give battle. By 25 July the fleets had drifted out of sight of each other, at which point Villeneuve sailed south to 1087:, and as Nelson hoped, set course to sail between the Balearic Islands and Sardinia. The frigates lost sight of the French fleet on 1 April, the same day that Villeneuve came across a Spanish merchant, and learnt that Nelson had been sighted off Sardinia. Realising that he was sailing into an ambush, Villeneuve turned west, passing to the west of the Balearics. With no visual contact with the French, Nelson was left in the dark as to their intentions. Villeneuve pressed on to Cartagena, but did not dare wait for the Spanish ships there after they declined to join him until orders from Madrid arrived. Instead he hurried on, passing through the Strait of Gibraltar on 8 April, observed by the British squadron under 220: 144: 51: 925:

not easily be recalled, had become clear to him. Should a combined Russian and Austrian force open a second front to the east, Napoleon would be hard pressed to deal with it. He decided to temporarily put his plans for invasion on hold, and developed a new strategy whereby his largely idle fleet could cause trouble for Britain. Villeneuve and Missiessy were ordered to embark troops and take their fleets to sea, where they would sail to the West Indies and attack the British possessions there. This would force the British to reallocate resources to defend them. Missiessy duly sailed from Rochefort on 11 January with five ships of the line, evaded Vice-Admiral

937: 1457:; from then on the largest engagements were fought between no more than a dozen ships. After 1805 the morale of the French navy was destroyed, while its continued blockade in port robbed it of efficiency and will. While Napoleon returned to the possibility of an invasion some years later, it was never with the same focus or determination. The failure of his navy to fulfil its objectives left him disillusioned, while the timidity of its commanders and the determination of the British to resist them, both factors clearly expressed at various stages throughout the Trafalgar campaign, left the navy with a lack of purpose and direction. 1342: 281: 270: 259: 240: 1061:

British. But as he made his way out the weather changed suddenly, blowing away the fog and making it difficult to return to the anchorage. Temporarily trapped outside the port Ganteaume reluctantly prepared for battle as Cotton's force approached. Cotton did not however risk an engagement with night closing, many shoals and with the enemy fleet under the guns of French shore batteries, and chose to merely observe and blockade Ganteaume. The following day the wind changed, allowing Ganteaume to return to port, where he spent the rest of the campaign.

156: 1052:. Meanwhile, Villeneuve was to have embarked 3000 troops and sailed from Toulon. He would break out into the Atlantic, and having collected another seven ships of the line from Cádiz, he would sail to the rendezvous in the West Indies. The three fleets—Ganteaume's 33 ships of the line; Missiessy's five ships of the line, if they were still in the area; and Villeneuve's 11 ships of the line—would unite and sail back across the Atlantic. Sweeping away any resistance, they would then cover the invasion flotilla. 1210: 962:. Nelson immediately rushed his fleet to sea, determining that considering the weather and the fact the French had embarked troops, that Villeneuve was heading east, perhaps to attack locations on the Italian coast, or the islands of Malta or Sardinia, or maybe even Greece or Egypt. He rushed south, hoping to intercept them south of Sardinia, but when they had not appeared by 25 January, he worried that he had missed them, and pressed further east, calling at Greece and then 1432:. Strachan led his ships in pursuit, coming in range and opening the attack on 4 November, despite one of his ships of the line not being with the squadron. Using his frigates to harass and wear down the enemy while avoiding their broadsides, Strachan used his larger ships to attack the enemy's rear and centre. He was eventually able to surround the French ships, and after four hours of close fighting all of the French ships were forced to surrender. 213: 185: 1370:, and succeeded in cutting the line and causing the pell-mell battle he desired to break out. After several hours of fighting 17 French and Spanish ships had been captured and another destroyed, without the loss of a single British ship. Nelson was among the 449 British dead, having been mortally wounded by a French sharpshooter during the battle. Nine of the prizes were later scuttled or sunk in a storm that blew up the following day. A 789: 769: 718:, who as a soldier rather than a sailor failed to consider the effects of weather, difficulties in communication, and the Royal Navy. Despite limited successes in achieving some elements of the plan the French commanders were unable to follow the main objective through to execution. The campaign, which took place over thousands of miles of ocean, was marked by several naval engagements, most significantly at the 2677: 1453:. The continued failure of Napoleon to marshal his navies as he did his armies meant that the invasion of England never occurred. Already postponed several times, Villeneuve's defeat at Finisterre and his final failure to link up with the Rochefort and Brest fleets caused Napoleon to abandon his plans in favour of a march eastward. Trafalgar, with its 74 ships, became the last clash of its scale of the 1077:, he might avoid the patrolling British. In reality Nelson was preparing a trap, and having allowed himself to be observed off the Spanish coast, had withdrawn to a position south of Sardinia, hoping that in attempting to avoid the supposed location of the British fleet, Villeneuve would sail straight into them. Villeneuve put to sea on 30 March, observed by the British frigates 1399: 1338:, Nelson decided to split his fleet into squadrons rather than forming it into a similar line parallel to the enemy. These squadrons would then cut the enemy's line in a number of places, allowing a pell-mell battle to develop in which the British ships could overwhelm and destroy parts of their opponents' formation, before the unengaged enemy ships could come to their aid. 1117:, Martinique on 14 May, and was joined over the next two days by the Spanish under Gravina. Having resupplied, he settled in to await the arrival of Ganteaume, who unbeknownst to him was still sitting blockaded in Brest. Initially reluctant to undertake any large scale assaults on the British possessions in the Caribbean without orders, he was finally persuaded by 1310:, and from 27 September by Vice-Admiral Nelson, who had arrived from England to take command. He spent the following weeks preparing and refining his tactics for the anticipated battle and dining with his captains to ensure they understood his intentions. Nelson had devised a plan of attack that anticipated the allied fleet would form up in a traditional 1441: 1366:, before making port at Toulon. Villeneuve decided to sail the fleet out before his successor arrived. On 20 October the fleet was sighted making its way out of harbour by patrolling British frigates, and Nelson was informed that they appeared to be headed to the west. Nelson led his column of ships into battle aboard HMS 1039:

had remained trapped in Toulon, and Missiessey began to voyage back to France on 28 March. March 1805 brought a significant development for Napoleon, an assurance from the Austrians that they did not plan to make war on France. Napoleon resolved to return to his scheme for the invasion of Britain, and drew up a new plan.

1288:

Finisterre and Villeneuve's retreat became the decisive action of the campaign as far as the invasion of England went, for abandoning all hope of fulfilling his plans to secure control of the Channel Napoleon gathered the Armée d'Angleterre, now renamed the Grande Armée, and headed east to attack the Austrians in the

967:

cope with it. The error of the frigates leaving the fleet unobserved when they had rushed to report to Nelson meant that he had spent nearly six weeks sailing back and forth across the Mediterranean through heavy seas while the French remained in port. A frustrated Nelson returned to resume the blockade.

1448:

By early November the combined fleet had been practically destroyed. Two ships of the line had been lost at Finisterre, twenty-one at Trafalgar and in the ensuing storm, and four at Cape Ortegal. No British ships had been lost in these engagements. Many of those that had survived in French or Spanish

1156:

Nelson had arrived at Barbados on 4 June, where he received fragmentary reports that the French had been seen a week earlier, sailing southwards. Nelson set off in pursuit, but the information was wrong, Villeneuve and his fleet were north of Barbados and heading farther north with each day. A series

966:

on 7 February. Finding no news of the French he turned westward, calling at Malta on 19 February, where he received news that the French were back in Toulon. Villeneuve had in fact turned to port just two days after setting out, forced back by the weather and the inability of his ships and sailors to

915:

in time to meet Villeneuve and Missiessy's forces returning from the West Indies. With a combined force of nearly 40 ships of the line, the French would sweep up the Channel to Boulogne and effect the third and final part of the plan, the invasion of England. This plan, dependent on the weather, the

759:

was short of ships. If a combined Franco-Spanish fleet were to force the Navy from its station for even a short while, the French invasion force might succeed in crossing unmolested. The French aimed to achieve at least temporary control of the Channel, while the British aimed to prevent this at all

1104:

Nelson meanwhile had been alerted of the French departure, but having failed to make contact with them off Sardinia, was reduced to combing the area with his frigates for any news of them. After having finally determined that the entire force must have left the Mediterranean he himself beat through

924:

The strategic situation in Europe had altered considerably by January 1805. The Spanish had allied with France, but Napoleon was concerned about Austria and Russia, who appeared to be in negotiations with Britain. The danger of committing most of his forces across the Channel, from where they could

836:

after them. Latouche Tréville would then have a clear run into the Channel and up to Boulogne, where he would escort the invasion fleet safely across. The plan was complicated and depended on the unlikely events of favourable weather, the avoidance of Cochrane's and Nelson's fleets and the decoying

779:

Napoleon proposed a total of four different strategies between July 1804 and March 1805, each with the object of collecting a large force of ships and moving up the Channel. Common elements included the decoying of some or all of the blockading Royal Navy fleets away from the Channel, the combining

1038:

under Vice-Admiral Horatio Nelson. Each commander had a number of frigates, sloops and brigs at their disposal. Further afield, Missiessy, pursued by Cochrane, sailed around the West Indies, but without making contact with each other. Napoleon recalled Missiessy once it became clear the Villeneuve

1287:

to escort the French invasion forces across the Channel, sighted the three British ships. Villeneuve mistook the British ships for scouts from the Channel Fleet and fled south to Cadiz to avoid an action. A furious Napoleon raged 'What a Navy! What an admiral! All those sacrifices for nought!'

1223:

Calder then moved south to intercept, while Villeneuve assembled his force into the line of battle and began moving north. The two fleets moved slowly past each other, before Calder came about by tacking in succession and began to close on the enemy's rear. The action eventually began when the

1060:

Ganteaume had got his fleet ready for sea by 24 March, but Brest was being closely blockaded by Vice-Admiral Cotton's 17 ships of the line. Ganteaume had orders to avoid battle, and waited until conditions seemed favourable on 26 March, when a fog came down that would help him to slip past the

751:

caused these plans to be shelved in 1802. The resumption of hostilities in 1803 led to their revival, and forces were gathered outside Boulogne in large military camps in preparation for the assembling of the invasion flotilla. The Royal Navy was the main obstacle to a successful invasion, but

1047:

The fleet at Brest under Ganteaume was to embark 3,000 troops and sail to Ferrol, where he would chase away Calder's blockading squadron and unite with the French and Spanish forces in the port under Gourdon and Grandallana. Having amassed a force of 33 ships of the line, six frigates and two

1022:, three or four ships of the line at Rochefort, and four French ships of the line under Rear-Admiral Gourdon and eight Spanish ships of the line under Admiral Grandallana at Ferrol. Six Spanish ships of the line and one French one were in port at Cádiz, under the watchful eyes of Rear-Admiral 906:

While this was taking place Ganteaume and his 21 ships of the line carrying 18,000 troops were to have sailed from Brest on 23 November, passed through the English Channel and into the North Sea, and then sailed around the coast of Scotland. They would arrive at

916:

non-interference of the British and subject to the vagaries of communication over thousands of miles of ocean verged on the impossible. The plan was never attempted, as the British intercepted the orders sent to Ganteaume, and the project was called off.

1105:

the straits, where he received confirmation on 8 May from one of Orde's ships that the French had sailed through the straits a month earlier, and had not headed north. Convinced that Villeneuve was headed for the West Indies Nelson set off in pursuit.

1201:

at the Admiralty, who instructed a reinforced fleet under Vice-Admiral Robert Calder to attempt to intercept the combined fleet as it arrived off Cape Finisterre. Calder duly received an extra five ships of the line under Rear-Admiral

1384:, but in doing so he lost three more of his ships, wrecked in the gale, while a fourth was captured by the British, but later wrecked. The British fleet and the surviving French prizes put into Gibraltar over the next few days. 752:

Napoleon declared that his fleet need only be masters of the Channel for six hours and the crossing could be effected. Though the intended departure points were known and were being closely blockaded by the Royal Navy,

1196:

shadowed them, and determined that they were not heading for the Straits as Nelson had predicted, but were instead likely to arrive in the Bay of Biscay. The despatches and news of the latest sighting were rushed to

1528:

Calder was court-martialled for his failure to 'do his utmost' to renew the engagement. He missed Trafalgar to attend, was found guilty and severely reprimanded. He never received another active command.

837:

away of Cornwallis. The plan was never put into operation. Latouche Tréville remained at Toulon rather than risk an encounter with Nelson, and died suddenly on 19 August, putting an end to the scheme.

780:

of the French fleets to lift the blockade of any ships that remained trapped in port, and the advancing of the fleet up the Channel to Boulogne, where they would escort the invasion force across.

845:

The revised invasion plan after the death of Latouche Tréville was considerably more ambitious, and consisted of three distinct operations. Latouche Tréville's successor at Toulon, Vice-Admiral

1409:

Though the combined fleet had been decisively crushed at Trafalgar, the final action of the campaign was fought nearly a fortnight later, on 4 November. Four French ships under Rear-Admiral

879:

was to sail from Rochefort on 1 November with six ships of the line and 3,500 troops. Having evaded the British blockade he would sail to the West Indies, reinforce the French garrisons at

1475:

Not of all of the ships saw action at any one time, or at all, but represent the strength of the main fleets positioned in European waters. Frigates and smaller vessels are not included.

1449:

hands were badly damaged and would not be ready for service for some time. The British victory gave them unchallenged supremacy of the seas, securing British trade and sustaining the

591: 895:. Having achieved this Villeneuve and Missiessy would unite and combine forces, giving the French a fleet of 15 ships of the line and 5,000 men. With this force they would capture 1073:, hurried to ready the Toulon-based fleet for departure. Nelson had been spotted near Barcelona and Villeneuve hoped that by sailing due south from Toulon and passing east of the 975:

The French Navy was largely confined to port, blockaded by various fleets and commands of the Royal Navy, while the main invasion force of 93,000 men in four Army corps waited in

911:

on the north coast of Ireland and land the troops. While a full-scale invasion of Ireland was under way Ganteaume would sail around the west coast of Ireland, arriving in the

586: 484: 2722: 356: 2712: 518: 327: 846: 735: 711: 566: 867:

with the rest of his force, while the two detached ships were assigned to fulfil one of the three operations included in the plan. They would sail to

1269:

was carrying despatches instructing Rear-Admiral Allemand's five ships of the line to unite with the combined Franco-Spanish fleet under Villeneuve.

944:

Villeneuve finally sailed from Toulon on 18 January, heading into the teeth of a gale. Their departure was noted by the patrolling British frigates

1239:, while Calder headed east. Both admirals claimed a victory, with Villeneuve assuring Napoleon that he intended to sail north to rendezvous with 634: 1306:

Villeneuve's fleet underwent repairs in Cádiz, covered by a hastily assembled blockade of British warships, initially commanded by Rear-Admiral

722:

on 21 October, where the combined fleet was decisively defeated, and from which the campaign takes its name. A final mopping up action at the

849:, would board 5,600 troops and sail his 10 ships of the line into the Mediterranean on 21 October. Having evaded Nelson he would collect the 801: 2707: 1147:

We have been masters of the sea for three weeks with a landing force of 7000 to 8000 men and have not been able to attack a single island.

2702: 1307: 280: 269: 263: 258: 239: 160: 155: 1034:

was home to 11 French ships of the line under Vice-Admiral Villeneuve, who was being kept bottled up by the 12 ships of the line of the

1217: 2697: 320: 1540: 1002:, consisted of 15 ships of the line, with detached squadrons of five ships of the line under Rear-Admiral Thomas Graves blockading 1331: 714:. The plans were extremely complicated and proved to be impractical. Much of the detail was due to the personal intervention of 1359: 984: 876: 2639: 2499: 1035: 753: 313: 2727: 2681: 1198: 832:

with 23 ships of the line and head out into the Atlantic, hopefully drawing the main British Channel Fleet under Admiral

805: 756: 627: 244: 1098: 224: 1346: 926: 581: 17: 1019: 825: 196: 2658: 2620: 2601: 2579: 2560: 2537: 2518: 1429: 1413:

had escaped Trafalgar and headed north, hoping to reach Rochefort. On 2 November they came across the 36-gun frigate

1254: 1136: 796:

Napoleon's first plan, put forward in May 1804 for execution between July and September envisaged the break-out from

285: 1323: 1240: 1172: 1118: 726:

on 4 November completed the destruction of the combined fleet, and secured the supremacy of the Royal Navy at sea.

663: 576: 542: 1097:

and set off across the Atlantic to the West Indies, followed by six Spanish ships of the line and a frigate under

999: 1487: 1014:. They were maintaining a tight blockade over the French Atlantic forces, consisting of 21 ships of the line at 620: 1135:

had arrived with orders. Villeneuve was instructed to await the arrival of two extra ships under Rear-Admiral

1379: 792:

Pierre-Charles-Jean-Baptiste-Silvestre de Villeneuve, commander of the French forces that broke out of Toulon

489: 747:

gathering on the Channel coast in 1798. Napoleon's concentration on campaigns in Egypt and Austria, and the

1003: 821: 65: 1319: 383: 2490:

The Trafalgar Companion: A Guide to History's Most Famous Sea Battle and the Life of Admiral Lord Nelson

2717: 1493: 1088: 1023: 987: 337: 41: 824:

where they would be joined by another six ships of the line. While this was taking place Vice-Admiral

1410: 1371: 1070: 601: 496: 474: 207: 179: 936: 440: 1257: 1092: 850: 668: 435: 1140: 469: 430: 368: 1393: 1362:

to go to Cádiz and take command of the fleet, sail it into the Mediterranean to land troops at

1126: 896: 723: 706:

during much of 1805. These were the culmination of French plans to force a passage through the

678: 658: 554: 537: 508: 1335: 1192:

had, on 19 June, spotted the combined Franco-Spanish fleet, sailing northwards from Antigua.

773: 503: 378: 1327: 740: 715: 596: 455: 8: 2589: 1341: 1301: 945: 900: 863:, after which he would detach two ships carrying 1,800 troops. He would then head to the 860: 719: 673: 547: 425: 420: 405: 393: 388: 373: 202: 191: 174: 137: 132: 50: 1358:

Napoleon, increasingly dissatisfied with Villeneuve's performance, ordered Vice-Admiral

2549: 2488: 1414: 1315: 1247: 1182: 990:

squadron of 11 ships of the line. Neither squadron took part in the campaign. The main

979:. A combined French and Dutch squadron of nine ships of the line were quartered in the 930: 912: 833: 809: 445: 2654: 2635: 2616: 2597: 2575: 2556: 2533: 2514: 2495: 1363: 1273: 1225: 1178: 1082: 952: 450: 410: 1403: 1203: 1074: 1027: 571: 523: 479: 248: 228: 1440: 1026:

and his five ships of the line, with another six Spanish ships of line located at

694:

was a long and complicated series of fleet manoeuvres carried out by the combined

212: 184: 1454: 1354:(oil on canvas, 1822–1824) combines events from several moments during the battle 1351: 1279:

on 14 August. The following day the combined fleet under Villeneuve, heading for

998:

and the Irish coast under Admiral William Cornwallis and his deputy Vice-Admiral

748: 744: 707: 513: 415: 1272:

While sailing to Gibraltar with his prize in tow, Baker fell in with the 74-gun

871:

and capture the island from the British, before returning northwards to land at

1450: 1311: 1114: 99: 2691: 1375: 1280: 1206:

and on 22 July the enemy fleet was sighted heading westwards towards Ferrol.

1015: 1011: 1007: 991: 829: 817: 813: 398: 305: 274: 148: 94: 1444:

Detail from a modern reproduction of an 1805 poster commemorating the battle

1209: 1421: 1289: 1122: 959: 908: 868: 699: 361: 2632:

The Line Upon a Wind: The Greatest War Fought At Sea Under Sail: 1793–1815

1231:, in the van of the British fleet, attempted to attack the French frigate 1158: 980: 864: 695: 1049: 963: 933:

took his forces in pursuit, and both fleets sailed to the West Indies.

884: 880: 743:

had been planning an invasion of England for some time, with the first

703: 1428:

lured them towards a squadron of five ships of the line under Captain

1260: 1130: 612: 1214:

Admiral Sir Robert Calder's action off Cape Finisterre, 23 July 1805

788: 1284: 976: 892: 888: 804:. They would evade the patrolling British fleet under Vice-Admiral 856: 2511:

Trafalgar: The Untold Story of the Greatest Sea Battle in History

872: 768: 2676: 1031: 995: 797: 1125:

after two weeks of sitting idle at anchor. The small garrison

929:

blockading force and escaped into the Atlantic. Rear-Admiral

219: 143: 875:

and stir up trouble in West Africa. Meanwhile, Rear-Admiral

1236: 1398: 1042: 940:

Napoleon inspecting the Troops at Boulogne, 15 August 1804

27:

1805 naval campaign during the War of the Third Coalition

958:, who rushed to report the news to Nelson, anchored at 1374:

led by some of the ships that managed to escape under

800:

of 10 ships of the line and 11 frigates under Admiral

840: 1091:. From Cádiz Villeneuve collected the French 74-gun 970: 1069:Villeneuve and his second in command, Rear-Admiral 2548: 2546: 2487: 2723:Napoleon's planned invasion of the United Kingdom 1006:, and eight ships of the line under Vice-Admiral 736:Napoleon's planned invasion of the United Kingdom 2689: 1108: 1030:under Admiral Salcedo. The French naval base at 783: 2713:Military campaigns involving the United Kingdom 2432: 2226: 1486:The ships arriving with Magon were the 74-gun 335: 2461: 2459: 2272: 2270: 2268: 2035: 2033: 1991: 1989: 1953: 1951: 1949: 1947: 1887: 1885: 1883: 1881: 628: 321: 1151: 2383: 2381: 2320: 2318: 1863: 1435: 903:, before sailing back across the Atlantic. 2456: 2363: 2333: 2300: 2285: 2265: 2250: 2235: 2196: 2183: 2181: 2179: 2177: 2175: 2173: 2155: 2127: 2125: 2123: 2105: 2092: 2090: 2088: 2086: 2068: 2055: 2053: 2051: 2030: 2017: 2015: 2013: 2011: 2009: 2007: 1986: 1973: 1971: 1969: 1944: 1931: 1929: 1927: 1925: 1923: 1907: 1905: 1903: 1878: 1848: 1835: 1833: 1831: 1829: 1827: 1809: 1794: 1781: 1779: 1777: 1775: 1773: 1771: 1738: 1705: 1703: 1701: 1699: 1697: 1695: 1693: 808:and sail into the Atlantic, slipping past 729: 635: 621: 328: 314: 2551:Trafalgar: The Men, The Battle, The Storm 2441: 1725: 1723: 1721: 1691: 1689: 1687: 1685: 1683: 1681: 1679: 1677: 1675: 1673: 1657: 1655: 1653: 1651: 1649: 1647: 1614: 1314:. Drawing on his own experience from the 1166: 919: 2527: 2411: 2396: 2378: 2348: 2315: 2211: 1541:Trafalgar order of battle and casualties 1439: 1397: 1340: 1208: 935: 787: 767: 763: 2629: 2610: 2588: 2569: 2426: 2170: 2140: 2120: 2083: 2048: 2004: 1966: 1920: 1900: 1824: 1768: 1753: 1599: 1177:Nelson had sent despatches back to the 1043:The Trafalgar Campaign: The French plan 14: 2690: 1718: 1670: 1644: 1629: 1509:Both were Spanish vessels, the 80-gun 1295: 1055: 702:fleets; and the opposing moves of the 642: 2485: 1584: 1569: 1554: 1498:, carrying 850 soldiers between them. 1064: 772:Vice-Admiral Horatio Lord Nelson, by 616: 309: 2648: 2508: 1869: 1188:. While sailing across the Atlantic 887:and capture the British colonies of 2708:Military campaigns involving France 2465: 2369: 2339: 2306: 2291: 2276: 2256: 2241: 2202: 2161: 2111: 2074: 2039: 1995: 1957: 1891: 1854: 1815: 1800: 1744: 1620: 24: 2703:Military campaigns involving Spain 2653:. London: Hodder & Stoughton. 2547:Clayton, Tim; Craig, Phil (2004). 2447: 2220:The Naval History of Great Britain 1533: 1522: 1503: 1480: 1469: 1258:captured the French 40-gun frigate 841:Plan II: October 1804 – early 1805 582:Anglo-Russian occupation of Naples 49: 25: 2739: 2669: 2417: 2402: 2387: 2354: 2324: 2217: 2187: 2146: 2131: 2096: 2059: 2021: 1977: 1935: 1911: 1839: 1785: 1729: 1709: 1661: 1378:managed to recapture the Spanish 1246:On 10 August off Cape Finesterre 1243:, before heading to the Channel. 971:Strategic situation in March 1805 2698:Campaigns of the Napoleonic Wars 2675: 1759: 1635: 1605: 1590: 1575: 1560: 1173:Battle of Cape Finisterre (1805) 279: 268: 257: 238: 218: 211: 201: 190: 183: 173: 154: 142: 131: 2613:Nelson – Britannia's God of War 2532:. Wordsworth Military Library. 1387: 1241:Allemand's force from Rochefort 1048:storeships, they would sail to 59:Click image to load the battle. 2572:Nelson: The man and the legend 2077:Nelson: The Man and the Legend 1960:Nelson: Britannia's God of War 1857:Nelson: Britannia's God of War 1623:Nelson: The Man and the Legend 1534: 1523: 1504: 1481: 1470: 1402:The Battle of Cape Ortegal by 712:invasion of the United Kingdom 710:, and so achieve a successful 13: 1: 2478: 1109:Villeneuve in the West Indies 784:Plan I: July – September 1804 1547: 1129:, by which time the frigate 66:Clarkson Frederick Stanfield 7: 2615:. London: Faber and Faber. 1424:. They gave chase, but the 1121:to attack the British-held 820:. They would then make for 754:First Lord of the Admiralty 567:Planned invasion of Britain 10: 2744: 2728:War of the Third Coalition 2530:Nelson: The Essential Hero 2450:The War For All the Oceans 2342:Nelson, A Personal History 2309:Nelson, A Personal History 2279:Nelson, A Personal History 1872:Nelson: The Essential Hero 1803:Nelson, A Personal History 1391: 1299: 1170: 1119:the Governor of Martinique 733: 339:War of the Third Coalition 42:War of the Third Coalition 2634:. London: Vintage Books. 2594:Nelson A Personal History 1411:Pierre Dumanoir le Pelley 1152:Nelson in the West Indies 1071:Pierre Dumanoir le Pelley 899:and raid other Dutch and 654: 347: 291: 166: 124: 71: 47: 39: 34: 2611:Lambert, Andrew (2004). 2528:Bradford, Ernle (2005). 1460: 1436:Outcome and significance 2570:Coleman, Terry (2001). 2509:Best, Nicholas (2005). 2494:. London: Aurum Press. 2420:The Trafalgar Companion 2405:The Trafalgar Companion 2390:The Trafalgar Companion 2357:The Trafalgar Companion 2327:The Trafalgar Companion 2190:The Trafalgar Companion 2149:The Trafalgar Companion 2134:The Trafalgar Companion 2099:The Trafalgar Companion 2062:The Trafalgar Companion 2024:The Trafalgar Companion 1980:The Trafalgar Companion 1938:The Trafalgar Companion 1914:The Trafalgar Companion 1842:The Trafalgar Companion 1788:The Trafalgar Companion 1732:The Trafalgar Companion 1712:The Trafalgar Companion 1664:The Trafalgar Companion 1347:The Battle of Trafalgar 730:French and British aims 62:The Battle of Trafalgar 2630:Mostert, Noel (2008). 2468:The Line Upon the Wind 2372:The Line Upon the Wind 2294:The Line Upon the Wind 2259:The Line Upon the Wind 2244:The Line Upon the Wind 2205:The Line Upon the Wind 2164:The Line Upon the Wind 2114:The Line Upon the Wind 2042:The Line Upon the Wind 1998:The Line Upon the Wind 1894:The Line Upon the Wind 1818:The Line Upon the Wind 1747:The Line Upon the Wind 1445: 1420:, some forty miles of 1406: 1394:Battle of Cape Ortegal 1355: 1322:, and the examples of 1220: 1167:Villeneuve intercepted 1149: 1113:Villeneuve arrived at 941: 920:Plan III: January 1805 793: 776: 724:Battle of Cape Ortegal 577:Blanc-Nez and Gris-Nez 167:Commanders and leaders 55: 2649:Oman, Carola (1987). 2433:Clayton & Craig. 1443: 1401: 1344: 1212: 1145: 1141:Honoré Charles Reille 1127:surrendered on 2 June 994:, patrolling between 983:, covered by Admiral 939: 859:and pass through the 791: 774:Lemuel Francis Abbott 771: 764:Changing French plans 79:March – November 1805 53: 2684:at Wikimedia Commons 2590:Hibbert, Christopher 2486:Adkin, Mark (2007). 1430:Sir Richard Strachan 1308:Cuthbert Collingwood 592:Lippa and St. Mathia 300:56 ships of the line 297:70 ships of the line 264:Cuthbert Collingwood 2513:. London: Phoenix. 1302:Battle of Trafalgar 1296:Battle of Trafalgar 1056:Ganteaume blockaded 1036:Mediterranean Fleet 1018:under Vice-Admiral 901:British possessions 861:Strait of Gibraltar 720:Battle of Trafalgar 490:Castelfranco Veneto 54:Battle of Trafalgar 2682:Trafalgar campaign 2555:. London: Hodder. 1543:for more details. 1446: 1407: 1356: 1221: 1065:Villeneuve escapes 942: 931:Alexander Cochrane 913:Western Approaches 834:William Cornwallis 810:Alexander Cochrane 794: 777: 692:Trafalgar campaign 646:Trafalgar campaign 531:Trafalgar campaign 497:Invasion of Naples 56: 35:Trafalgar campaign 18:Trafalgar Campaign 2718:Conflicts in 1805 2680:Media related to 2641:978-0-7126-0927-2 2501:978-1-84513-018-3 816:and entering the 802:Latouche Tréville 687: 686: 610: 609: 602:Atlantic campaign 587:Wonau and Stecken 384:Haslach-Jungingen 304: 303: 180:Pierre Villeneuve 120: 119: 16:(Redirected from 2735: 2679: 2664: 2645: 2626: 2607: 2585: 2566: 2554: 2543: 2524: 2505: 2493: 2472: 2471: 2463: 2454: 2453: 2445: 2439: 2438: 2430: 2424: 2423: 2415: 2409: 2408: 2400: 2394: 2393: 2385: 2376: 2375: 2367: 2361: 2360: 2352: 2346: 2345: 2337: 2331: 2330: 2322: 2313: 2312: 2304: 2298: 2297: 2289: 2283: 2282: 2274: 2263: 2262: 2254: 2248: 2247: 2239: 2233: 2232:Tracy (2006), 20 2230: 2224: 2223: 2215: 2209: 2208: 2200: 2194: 2193: 2185: 2168: 2167: 2159: 2153: 2152: 2144: 2138: 2137: 2129: 2118: 2117: 2109: 2103: 2102: 2094: 2081: 2080: 2072: 2066: 2065: 2057: 2046: 2045: 2037: 2028: 2027: 2019: 2002: 2001: 1993: 1984: 1983: 1975: 1964: 1963: 1955: 1942: 1941: 1933: 1918: 1917: 1909: 1898: 1897: 1889: 1876: 1875: 1867: 1861: 1860: 1852: 1846: 1845: 1837: 1822: 1821: 1813: 1807: 1806: 1798: 1792: 1791: 1783: 1766: 1765: 1757: 1751: 1750: 1742: 1736: 1735: 1727: 1716: 1715: 1707: 1668: 1667: 1659: 1642: 1641: 1633: 1627: 1626: 1618: 1612: 1611: 1610:. pp. 55–7. 1603: 1597: 1596: 1588: 1582: 1581: 1573: 1567: 1566: 1558: 1538: 1527: 1508: 1485: 1474: 1404:Thomas Whitcombe 1218:William Anderson 1204:Charles Stirling 1181:aboard the brig 1099:Federico Gravina 1075:Balearic Islands 828:would sail from 649: 647: 637: 630: 623: 614: 613: 485:Caldiero pursuit 464:Italian campaign 342: 340: 330: 323: 316: 307: 306: 286:Richard Strachan 284: 283: 273: 272: 262: 261: 253: 243: 242: 233: 225:Federico Gravina 223: 222: 215: 208:Pierre le Pelley 206: 205: 197:Honoré Ganteaume 195: 194: 187: 178: 177: 159: 158: 147: 146: 136: 135: 73: 72: 32: 31: 21: 2743: 2742: 2738: 2737: 2736: 2734: 2733: 2732: 2688: 2687: 2672: 2667: 2661: 2642: 2623: 2604: 2596:. Basic Books. 2582: 2563: 2540: 2521: 2502: 2481: 2476: 2475: 2464: 2457: 2446: 2442: 2431: 2427: 2416: 2412: 2401: 2397: 2386: 2379: 2368: 2364: 2353: 2349: 2338: 2334: 2323: 2316: 2305: 2301: 2290: 2286: 2275: 2266: 2255: 2251: 2240: 2236: 2231: 2227: 2216: 2212: 2201: 2197: 2186: 2171: 2160: 2156: 2145: 2141: 2130: 2121: 2110: 2106: 2095: 2084: 2073: 2069: 2058: 2049: 2038: 2031: 2020: 2005: 1994: 1987: 1976: 1967: 1956: 1945: 1934: 1921: 1910: 1901: 1890: 1879: 1868: 1864: 1853: 1849: 1838: 1825: 1814: 1810: 1799: 1795: 1784: 1769: 1758: 1754: 1743: 1739: 1728: 1719: 1708: 1671: 1660: 1645: 1634: 1630: 1619: 1615: 1604: 1600: 1589: 1585: 1574: 1570: 1559: 1555: 1550: 1545: 1529: 1518: 1513:and the 74-gun 1499: 1476: 1463: 1455:Napoleonic Wars 1438: 1396: 1390: 1360:François Rosily 1352:J. M. W. Turner 1304: 1298: 1283:and then on to 1175: 1169: 1154: 1111: 1067: 1058: 1045: 973: 927:Thomas Graves's 922: 843: 786: 766: 749:Peace of Amiens 745:Army of England 738: 732: 708:English Channel 688: 683: 664:Cape Finisterre 650: 645: 643: 641: 611: 606: 543:Cape Finisterre 351:German campaign 343: 338: 336: 334: 278: 277: 267: 266: 256: 255: 249: 237: 229: 217: 216: 200: 199: 189: 188: 172: 153: 141: 140: 130: 116:British victory 108: 107: 104: 60: 58: 57: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 2741: 2731: 2730: 2725: 2720: 2715: 2710: 2705: 2700: 2686: 2685: 2671: 2670:External links 2668: 2666: 2665: 2659: 2646: 2640: 2627: 2621: 2608: 2602: 2586: 2580: 2574:. Bloomsbury. 2567: 2561: 2544: 2538: 2525: 2519: 2506: 2500: 2482: 2480: 2477: 2474: 2473: 2470:. p. 515. 2455: 2452:. p. 171. 2440: 2437:. p. 372. 2425: 2422:. p. 532. 2410: 2407:. p. 531. 2395: 2392:. p. 530. 2377: 2374:. p. 502. 2362: 2359:. p. 528. 2347: 2344:. p. 363. 2332: 2329:. p. 411. 2314: 2311:. p. 360. 2299: 2296:. p. 472. 2284: 2281:. p. 362. 2264: 2261:. p. 471. 2249: 2246:. p. 470. 2234: 2225: 2222:. p. 170. 2210: 2207:. p. 467. 2195: 2169: 2166:. p. 466. 2154: 2139: 2119: 2116:. p. 468. 2104: 2082: 2079:. p. 309. 2067: 2047: 2044:. p. 463. 2029: 2003: 2000:. p. 462. 1985: 1965: 1962:. p. 265. 1943: 1919: 1899: 1896:. p. 458. 1877: 1874:. p. 316. 1862: 1859:. p. 263. 1847: 1823: 1820:. p. 457. 1808: 1805:. p. 336. 1793: 1767: 1764:. p. 487. 1752: 1749:. p. 455. 1737: 1717: 1669: 1643: 1640:. p. 485. 1628: 1625:. p. 308. 1613: 1598: 1583: 1568: 1552: 1551: 1549: 1546: 1464: 1462: 1459: 1437: 1434: 1392:Main article: 1389: 1386: 1312:line of battle 1300:Main article: 1297: 1294: 1253:under Captain 1171:Main article: 1168: 1165: 1153: 1150: 1115:Fort de France 1110: 1107: 1066: 1063: 1057: 1054: 1044: 1041: 1000:Charles Cotton 972: 969: 921: 918: 842: 839: 806:Horatio Nelson 785: 782: 765: 762: 734:Main article: 731: 728: 685: 684: 682: 681: 676: 671: 669:10 August 1805 666: 661: 655: 652: 651: 640: 639: 632: 625: 617: 608: 607: 605: 604: 599: 594: 589: 584: 579: 574: 569: 563: 562: 558: 557: 552: 545: 540: 534: 533: 527: 526: 521: 516: 511: 506: 500: 499: 493: 492: 487: 482: 477: 472: 466: 465: 461: 460: 453: 448: 443: 438: 433: 428: 423: 418: 413: 408: 403: 402: 401: 396: 391: 386: 381: 376: 371: 359: 353: 352: 348: 345: 344: 333: 332: 325: 318: 310: 302: 301: 298: 294: 293: 289: 288: 245:Horatio Nelson 235: 169: 168: 164: 163: 161:United Kingdom 151: 127: 126: 122: 121: 118: 117: 114: 110: 109: 106: 105: 103: 102: 100:Atlantic Ocean 97: 91: 88: 87: 85: 81: 80: 77: 69: 68: 48: 45: 44: 37: 36: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2740: 2729: 2726: 2724: 2721: 2719: 2716: 2714: 2711: 2709: 2706: 2704: 2701: 2699: 2696: 2695: 2693: 2683: 2678: 2674: 2673: 2662: 2660:0-340-40672-0 2656: 2652: 2647: 2643: 2637: 2633: 2628: 2624: 2622:0-571-21222-0 2618: 2614: 2609: 2605: 2603:0-201-40800-7 2599: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2581:0-7475-5900-7 2577: 2573: 2568: 2564: 2562:0-340-83028-X 2558: 2553: 2552: 2545: 2541: 2539:1-84022-202-6 2535: 2531: 2526: 2522: 2520:0-7538-2095-1 2516: 2512: 2507: 2503: 2497: 2492: 2491: 2484: 2483: 2469: 2462: 2460: 2451: 2444: 2436: 2429: 2421: 2414: 2406: 2399: 2391: 2384: 2382: 2373: 2366: 2358: 2351: 2343: 2336: 2328: 2321: 2319: 2310: 2303: 2295: 2288: 2280: 2273: 2271: 2269: 2260: 2253: 2245: 2238: 2229: 2221: 2214: 2206: 2199: 2192:. p. 57. 2191: 2184: 2182: 2180: 2178: 2176: 2174: 2165: 2158: 2151:. p. 56. 2150: 2143: 2136:. p. 55. 2135: 2128: 2126: 2124: 2115: 2108: 2101:. p. 54. 2100: 2093: 2091: 2089: 2087: 2078: 2071: 2064:. p. 52. 2063: 2056: 2054: 2052: 2043: 2036: 2034: 2026:. p. 51. 2025: 2018: 2016: 2014: 2012: 2010: 2008: 1999: 1992: 1990: 1982:. p. 48. 1981: 1974: 1972: 1970: 1961: 1954: 1952: 1950: 1948: 1940:. p. 47. 1939: 1932: 1930: 1928: 1926: 1924: 1916:. p. 45. 1915: 1908: 1906: 1904: 1895: 1888: 1886: 1884: 1882: 1873: 1866: 1858: 1851: 1844:. p. 31. 1843: 1836: 1834: 1832: 1830: 1828: 1819: 1812: 1804: 1797: 1790:. p. 44. 1789: 1782: 1780: 1778: 1776: 1774: 1772: 1763: 1756: 1748: 1741: 1734:. p. 43. 1733: 1726: 1724: 1722: 1714:. p. 40. 1713: 1706: 1704: 1702: 1700: 1698: 1696: 1694: 1692: 1690: 1688: 1686: 1684: 1682: 1680: 1678: 1676: 1674: 1666:. p. 39. 1665: 1658: 1656: 1654: 1652: 1650: 1648: 1639: 1632: 1624: 1617: 1609: 1602: 1595:. p. 43. 1594: 1587: 1580:. p. 35. 1579: 1572: 1565:. p. 15. 1564: 1557: 1553: 1544: 1542: 1537: 1536: 1532: 1526: 1525: 1521: 1516: 1512: 1507: 1506: 1502: 1497: 1496: 1491: 1490: 1484: 1483: 1479: 1473: 1472: 1468: 1458: 1456: 1452: 1442: 1433: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1418: 1412: 1405: 1400: 1395: 1385: 1383: 1382: 1377: 1376:Julien Cosmao 1373: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1353: 1349: 1348: 1343: 1339: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1303: 1293: 1291: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1277: 1270: 1268: 1264: 1263: 1259: 1256: 1252: 1251: 1244: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1229: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1205: 1200: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1186: 1180: 1174: 1164: 1162: 1161: 1148: 1144: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1133: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1106: 1102: 1100: 1096: 1095: 1090: 1089:Sir John Orde 1086: 1085: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1062: 1053: 1051: 1040: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1013: 1009: 1008:Robert Calder 1005: 1001: 997: 993: 992:Channel Fleet 989: 986: 982: 978: 968: 965: 961: 957: 956: 950: 949: 938: 934: 932: 928: 917: 914: 910: 904: 902: 898: 894: 890: 886: 882: 878: 874: 870: 866: 862: 858: 854: 853: 848: 838: 835: 831: 827: 823: 819: 818:Bay of Biscay 815: 812:'s fleet off 811: 807: 803: 799: 790: 781: 775: 770: 761: 758: 757:Lord Melville 755: 750: 746: 742: 737: 727: 725: 721: 717: 713: 709: 705: 701: 697: 693: 680: 677: 675: 672: 670: 667: 665: 662: 660: 657: 656: 653: 648: 638: 633: 631: 626: 624: 619: 618: 615: 603: 600: 598: 595: 593: 590: 588: 585: 583: 580: 578: 575: 573: 570: 568: 565: 564: 561:Other battles 560: 559: 556: 553: 551: 550: 546: 544: 541: 539: 536: 535: 532: 529: 528: 525: 522: 520: 517: 515: 512: 510: 507: 505: 502: 501: 498: 495: 494: 491: 488: 486: 483: 481: 478: 476: 473: 471: 468: 467: 463: 462: 459: 458: 454: 452: 449: 447: 444: 442: 439: 437: 434: 432: 429: 427: 424: 422: 419: 417: 414: 412: 409: 407: 404: 400: 397: 395: 392: 390: 387: 385: 382: 380: 377: 375: 372: 370: 367: 366: 365: 364: 360: 358: 355: 354: 350: 349: 346: 341: 331: 326: 324: 319: 317: 312: 311: 308: 299: 296: 295: 290: 287: 282: 276: 275:Robert Calder 271: 265: 260: 254: 252: 246: 241: 236: 234: 232: 226: 221: 214: 209: 204: 198: 193: 186: 181: 176: 171: 170: 165: 162: 157: 152: 150: 145: 139: 134: 129: 128: 123: 115: 112: 111: 101: 98: 96: 95:Caribbean Sea 93: 92: 90: 89: 86: 83: 82: 78: 75: 74: 70: 67: 63: 52: 46: 43: 38: 33: 30: 19: 2650: 2631: 2612: 2593: 2571: 2550: 2529: 2510: 2489: 2467: 2449: 2443: 2434: 2428: 2419: 2413: 2404: 2398: 2389: 2371: 2365: 2356: 2350: 2341: 2335: 2326: 2308: 2302: 2293: 2287: 2278: 2258: 2252: 2243: 2237: 2228: 2219: 2213: 2204: 2198: 2189: 2163: 2157: 2148: 2142: 2133: 2113: 2107: 2098: 2076: 2070: 2061: 2041: 2023: 1997: 1979: 1959: 1937: 1913: 1893: 1871: 1865: 1856: 1850: 1841: 1817: 1811: 1802: 1796: 1787: 1761: 1755: 1746: 1740: 1731: 1711: 1663: 1637: 1631: 1622: 1616: 1607: 1601: 1592: 1586: 1577: 1571: 1562: 1556: 1535: 1530: 1524: 1519: 1514: 1510: 1505: 1500: 1494: 1488: 1482: 1477: 1471: 1466: 1465: 1447: 1425: 1422:Cape Ortegal 1416: 1408: 1388:Cape Ortegal 1380: 1367: 1357: 1345: 1305: 1290:Ulm Campaign 1275: 1271: 1266: 1261: 1255:Thomas Baker 1249: 1245: 1232: 1227: 1222: 1213: 1193: 1189: 1184: 1176: 1159: 1155: 1146: 1131: 1123:Diamond Rock 1112: 1103: 1093: 1083: 1078: 1068: 1059: 1046: 985:Lord Keith's 974: 960:La Maddalena 954: 947: 943: 923: 909:Lough Swilly 905: 869:Saint Helena 851: 844: 795: 778: 739: 691: 689: 679:Cape Ortegal 659:Diamond Rock 644: 555:Cape Ortegal 548: 538:Diamond Rock 530: 509:Campo Tenese 456: 441:Schöngrabern 363:Ulm campaign 362: 250: 230: 125:Belligerents 61: 40:Part of the 29: 1199:Lord Barham 1010:blockading 981:Netherlands 865:West Indies 2692:Categories 2479:References 1870:Bradford. 1511:San Rafael 1328:Camperdown 1320:Copenhagen 1137:René Magon 1050:Martinique 964:Alexandria 885:Guadeloupe 881:Martinique 847:Villeneuve 704:Royal Navy 597:Blaauwberg 457:Austerlitz 431:Dürenstein 369:Donauwörth 2466:Mostert. 2435:Trafalgar 2370:Mostert. 2340:Hibbert. 2307:Hibbert. 2292:Mostert. 2277:Hibbert. 2257:Mostert. 2242:Mostert. 2203:Mostert. 2162:Mostert. 2112:Mostert. 2075:Coleman. 2040:Mostert. 1996:Mostert. 1958:Lambert. 1892:Mostert. 1855:Lambert. 1816:Mostert. 1801:Hibbert. 1745:Mostert. 1621:Coleman. 1608:Trafalgar 1593:Trafalgar 1578:Trafalgar 1563:Trafalgar 1548:Citations 1489:Algésiras 1415:HMS 1381:Santa Ana 1274:HMS 1248:HMS 1226:HMS 1183:HMS 1179:Admiralty 1028:Cartagena 1024:John Orde 1020:Ganteaume 1004:Rochefort 953:HMS 946:HMS 877:Missiessy 826:Ganteaume 822:Rochefort 674:Trafalgar 549:Trafalgar 426:Mariazell 421:Amstetten 406:Mehrnbach 394:Elchingen 389:Memmingen 374:Wertingen 2592:(1994). 2448:Adkins. 1285:Boulogne 1224:frigate 1143:to note 977:Boulogne 948:Seahorse 893:St Lucia 889:Dominica 741:Napoleon 716:Napoleon 572:Boulogne 519:Calabria 475:Caldiero 436:Dornbirn 379:Günzburg 292:Strength 84:Location 2418:Adkin. 2403:Adkin. 2388:Adkin. 2355:Adkin. 2325:Adkin. 2218:James. 2188:Adkin. 2147:Adkin. 2132:Adkin. 2097:Adkin. 2060:Adkin. 2022:Adkin. 1978:Adkin. 1936:Adkin. 1912:Adkin. 1840:Adkin. 1786:Adkin. 1730:Adkin. 1710:Adkin. 1662:Adkin. 1495:Achille 1426:Phoenix 1417:Phoenix 1368:Victory 1336:Saintes 1334:at the 1250:Phoenix 1194:Curieux 1190:Curieux 1185:Curieux 1163:into . 1160:Victory 897:Surinam 873:Senegal 760:costs. 700:Spanish 451:Wischau 446:Hanover 411:Lambach 357:Bavaria 251:† 231:† 2657: 2651:Nelson 2638: 2619: 2600: 2578: 2559: 2536: 2517: 2498: 1762:Nelson 1760:Oman. 1638:Nelson 1636:Oman. 1606:Best. 1591:Best. 1576:Best. 1561:Best. 1451:Empire 1372:sortie 1364:Naples 1332:Rodney 1324:Duncan 1276:Dragon 1233:Siréne 1228:Sirius 1084:Phoebe 1079:Active 1032:Toulon 1012:Ferrol 996:Ushant 955:Active 814:Ferrol 798:Toulon 696:French 524:Mileto 480:Forano 470:Verona 247: 227: 210: 182: 138:France 113:Result 1515:Firme 1461:Notes 1281:Brest 1267:Didon 1262:Didon 1216:, by 1132:Didon 1094:Aigle 1016:Brest 988:Downs 857:Cádiz 855:from 852:Aigle 830:Brest 514:Maida 504:Gaeta 416:Steyr 149:Spain 64:, by 2655:ISBN 2636:ISBN 2617:ISBN 2598:ISBN 2576:ISBN 2557:ISBN 2534:ISBN 2515:ISBN 2496:ISBN 1539:See 1492:and 1330:and 1318:and 1316:Nile 1237:Vigo 1081:and 951:and 891:and 883:and 698:and 690:The 76:Date 1350:by 1326:at 399:Ulm 2694:: 2458:^ 2380:^ 2317:^ 2267:^ 2172:^ 2122:^ 2085:^ 2050:^ 2032:^ 2006:^ 1988:^ 1968:^ 1946:^ 1922:^ 1902:^ 1880:^ 1826:^ 1770:^ 1720:^ 1672:^ 1646:^ 1531:e. 1520:d. 1501:c. 1478:b. 1467:a. 1292:. 1265:. 1101:. 2663:. 2644:. 2625:. 2606:. 2584:. 2565:. 2542:. 2523:. 2504:. 1517:. 636:e 629:t 622:v 329:e 322:t 315:v 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Knowledge

Trafalgar campaign

Index