2080:. "The New Library," as it took to being called following the palace's museum designation, houses a unique collection containing more than 20,000 manuscripts - both Islamic and non-Islamic. The collection also boasts a wide array of valuable maps not found anywhere else in the world. The library contains several first edition copies of a variety of books, both Eastern and Western. The stunning collection of Islamic Miniatures exceeds 15,000. Additionally, the sultanate's private collection of 2,999 rare books is kept here as well. The rare and valuable collection also contains some of the world's finest examples of Islamic calligraphy. Over 3,000 Qurans written in Kufic script which date as far back as the eight century are kept in a special wing of the library called "The Rooms of the Sacred Trust". The most precious books in the library are those hailing from the courts of the Ilkhanids - descendants of the Mongols - and their dynasties in 13th- and 14th-century Iran, and the exquisite books of the Timurid court in Herat of what is today Afghanistan. Persian manuscripts dating from the Safavi period - the 16th and 17th centuries - are also housed within the New Library and they are veritable works of art.
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1529. These once embellished ceremonial buildings of Sultan
Suleiman I, such as the building of the Council Hall and the Inner Treasury (both in the Second Courtyard) and the Throne Room (in the Third Courtyard). They were moved here out of nostalgia and reverence for the golden age of his reign. These tiles then served as prototypes for the decoration of the Yerevan and Baghdad kiosks. The room itself is symmetrically proportioned and relatively spacious for the palace, with windows, each with a small fountain. The windows above contain some stained-glass panels. On the right side of the entrance stands a fireplace with a gilded hood. Sultan Ibrahim also built the arcaded roof around the Chamber of the Holy Mantle and the upper terrace between this room and the Baghdad kiosk.
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on the carpeted floor on the side of the walls for seating. These chambers represent all the details of the classical style used in other parts of the palace. The pavilion has been completely redecorated, and most of the
Baroque woodwork has been removed. The decorative tiles, reflecting the high quality craftsmanship of the İznik tile industry of the 17th century, were removed in accordance with the original concept and replaced with modern copies. The paintwork of the wooden dome is still original and is an example of the rich designs of the late 16th/early 17th centuries. The fireplace in the second room has a tall, gilded hood and has been restored to its original appearance. The window shutters next to the fireplace are decorated with
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652:. The entire complex was surrounded by high walls, some of which date back to the Byzantine acropolis. This basic layout governed the pattern of future renovations and extensions. The layout and appearance of Topkapı Palace was unique amongst not only European travellers, but also Islamic or oriental palaces. European travellers described it as "irregular, asymmetric, non-axial, and un-monumental proportions". Ottomans called it "The Palace of Felicity". A strict, ceremonial, codified daily life ensured imperial seclusion from the rest of world. One of the central tenets was the observation of silence in the inner courtyards. The principle of imperial seclusion is a tradition that was codified by Mehmed II in 1477 and 1481 in the
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893:), leads into the palace and the Second Courtyard. This crenellated gate has two large, pointed octagonal towers. Its date of construction is uncertain; the architecture of the towers appears to be of Byzantine influence. An inscription at the door dates this gate to at least 1542. The gate is richly decorated with religious inscriptions and monograms of sultans. Passage through the gate was tightly controlled and all visitors had to dismount, since only the sultan was allowed to enter the gate on horseback. This was also a Byzantine tradition taken from the
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3052:. The marble panelling of the portico is executed in Cairene Mamluk style. The interior is an example of an ideal Ottoman room. The recessed shelves and cupboards are decorated with early 16th-century green, yellow and blue tiles. The blue-and-white tiles on the walls are copies of the tiles of the Circumcision Room, right across the terrace. With its tiles dating to the 17th century, mother-of-pearl, tortoise-shell decorated cupboard and window panels, this pavilion is one of the last examples of the classical palace architecture.
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stories. Seen from above, the palace grounds are divided into four main courtyards and the harem. The first courtyard was the most accessible, while the fourth courtyard and the harem were the most inaccessible. Access to these courtyards was restricted by high walls and controlled with gates. Apart from the four to five main courtyards, various other small to mid-sized courtyards exist throughout the complex. Estimates of the total size of the complex varies from around 592,600 m (146.4 acres) to 700,000 m (173 acres).
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2526:), but had to be rebuilt after the fire of 1665 between 1666 and 1668. Some rooms, such as the small music room, have been added to this section in the 18th century. Only two of these rooms are open to the public: the dining room with, in the upper gallery, the reception room and her bedroom with, behind a lattice work, a small room for prayer. On the lower stories of the apartments are the quarters of the concubines, while the upper story rooms are those of the Queen Mother and her ladies-in-waiting (
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3403:, attempted to massacre hundreds of tourists visiting the palace in the early hours. Stopped at the Bab-i Humayun entrance by the Palace Guards, he opened fire on soldiers and security guards, injuring Private Şerafettin Eray Topçu and security guard Mehmet Ballıcı. Then he entered the main courtyard of the palace, but was forced to retreat and seek shelter in the entrance upon encountering Palace Guard forces. After a gunfight lasting over one hour, he was killed by Turkish Police SWAT teams.
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2116:) was part of the Sultan's chambers. The painted portraits depict all the Ottoman sultans and some rare photographs of the later ones, the latter being kept in glass cases. The room is air-conditioned and the temperature regulated and monitored to protect the paintings. Since the sultans rarely appeared in public, and to respect Islamic sensitivity to artistic depictions of people, the earlier portraits are idealisations. Only since the reforms of the moderniser
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1105:. The dormitories are constructed around a main courtyard in the traditional layout of an Ottoman house, with baths and a mosque, as well as recreational rooms such as a pipe-room. On the outside and inside of the complex, many pious foundation inscriptions about the various duties and upkeep of the quarters can be found. In contrast to the rest of the palace, the quarters are constructed of red and green painted wood.
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1769:, when the palace was first constructed. It consists of two floors raised on a terrace above the garden, built at the top of the promontory on a cliff with views from its porch of the Sea of Marmara and the Bosporus. The lower floor consisted of service rooms, while the upper floor was a suite of four apartments and a large loggia with double arches. All the rooms open onto the Third Courtyard through a monumental
1876:, set in silver and surrounded in two ranks with 49 cut diamonds. Legend has it that this diamond was bought by a vizier in a bazaar, the owner thinking it was a worthless piece of crystal. Another, perhaps more likely history for the gem places it among the possessions of Tepedeleni Ali Pasha, confiscated by the Sultan after his execution. Still more fanciful and romantic versions link the diamond's origins with
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the exterior of the fireplace of this chamber of solid silver and covered with gold, and at one side of the chamber from a fountain water gushed forth from a wall." The present throne in the form of a baldachin was made on the order of Mehmed III. On the lacquered ceiling of the throne, studded with jewels, are foliage patterns accompanied by the depiction of the fight of a dragon, symbol of power, with
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3229:). Both were built on the orders of Sultan Abdül Mecid I as an imperial reception and resting place because of its splendid location, giving a panoramic view on the Sea of Marmara and the Bosphorus. The sultans would stay here whenever they visited Topkapı from their seaside palaces. These constructions were erected on the vaulted basement of another kiosk dating from the 15th century. The architect
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1395:), which consists primarily of weapons that remained in the palace at the time of its conversion, is one of the richest assemblages of Islamic arms in the world, with examples spanning 1,300 years from the 7th to the 20th centuries. The palace's collection of arms and armor consists of objects manufactured by the Ottomans themselves, or gathered from foreign conquests, or given as presents.
2618:), also known as the Imperial Sofa, Throne Room Within or Hall of Diversions, is a domed hall in the Harem, believed to have been built in the late 16th century. It has the largest dome in the palace. The hall served as the official reception hall of the sultan as well as for the entertainment of the Harem. Here the sultan received his confidants, guests, his mother, his first wife (
1468:). The Third Courtyard comprises the private and residential areas of the palace. The gate has a dome supported by lean marble pillars. It represents the presence of the Sultan in the palace. No one could pass this gate without the authority of the Sultan. Even the Grand Vizier was only granted authorisation on specified days and under specified conditions.
2261:) also opens to. The structures expanded over time towards the Golden Horn side and evolved into a huge complex. The buildings added to this complex from its initial date of construction in the 15th century to the early 19th century capture the stylistic development of palace design and decoration. Parts of the harem were redecorated under the sultans
3189:) and the Chief Tutor shared this place as their residence. The Chief Physician was responsible for the health of the sultan and the imperial family and used to prepare the medicines here. Under his supervision and those of the chief tutor the palace drugs were prepared, mixed and sealed in bottles, jars, boxes or bowls and given to the patients.
2397:, Mahmud II and Abdülmejid I dating from the 19th century. The rooms on the upper stories were for novices and those below overlooking the courtyard were occupied by the eunuchs who had administrative functions. There is a monumental fireplace revetted with the 18th-century Kütahya tiles at the far end. The Chief Harem Eunuch's apartment (
3021:) served as a religious retreat of 40 days. It is a rather small pavilion with a central dome and three apses for sofas and textiles. The fourth wall contains the door and a fireplace. The wall facing the colonnade is set with marble, the other walls with low-cost İznik blue-and-white tiles, patterned after those of a century earlier.
2677:) is the oldest and finest surviving room in the harem, having retained its original interior. It was a design of the master architect Sinan and dates from the 16th century. Its dome is only slightly smaller than that of the Throne Room. Its hall has one of the finest doors of the palace and leads past the wing of the crown princes (
3174:), dates from the 15th century and is the oldest building in the Fourth Courtyard. It was built as a watch tower, probably during the time of Mehmed II. It has few windows, and its walls are almost two metres thick. The physician had his private chamber at the top, while below was a store for drugs and medicine.
869:) functioned as an outer precinct or park and is the largest of all the courtyards of the palace. The steep slopes leading towards the sea had already been terraced under Byzantine rule. Some of the historical structures of the First Courtyard no longer exist. The structures that remain are the former Imperial
696:) and other structures for royal pleasures and functions formerly existed at the shore in an area known as the Fifth Courtyard, but have disappeared over time due to neglect and the construction of the shoreline railroad in the 19th century. The last remaining seashore structure that still exists today is the
1356:). Although it contains no dated inscriptions, its construction technique and plan suggest that it was built at the end of the 15th century during the reign of Süleiman I. It subsequently underwent numerous alterations and renovations. It is a hall built of stone and brick with eight domes, each 5 x 11.40 m.
1613:. The building dates from the 15th century. The ceiling of the chamber was painted in ultramarine blue and studded with golden stars. The walls were lined with blue, white and turquoise tiles. The chamber was further decorated with precious carpets and pillows. The chamber was renovated in 1723 by Sultan
1316:: "His Majesty had built a high throne and a lofty loggia above the outer Council Hall where viziers sat, inventing a veiled window overlooking the Council Hall below. From this window, his Noble Excellency sometimes watched the events of the divan, checking the truth of affairs." The Tower of Justice (
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Situated on top of the apartments of the Queen Mother are the apartments of
Mihirisah in the rococo style. Leading from the apartments to the baths lays the apartment of Abdül Hamid I. Close to that is Selim's III love chamber constructed in 1790. A long, narrow corridor connects this to the kiosk of
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Many of the eunuchs’ quarters face this courtyard, which is the first one of the Harem, since they also acted as guards under the command of the Chief Harem Eunuch. The spaces surrounding this courtyard were rebuilt after the great fire of 1665. The complex includes the dormitory of the Harem eunuchs
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and wives of the sultan; and the rest of his family, including children; and their servants. The harem consists of a series of buildings and structures, connected through hallways and courtyards. Every service team and hierarchical group residing in the harem had its own living space clustered around
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The Tower of
Justice is several stories high and the tallest structure in the palace, making it clearly visible from the Bosphorus as a landmark. The tower was probably originally constructed under Mehmed II and then renovated and enlarged by Suleiman I between 1527 and 1529. Sultan Mahmud II rebuilt
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According to old documents, there was a wooden apartment above the gate area until the second half of the 19th century. It was used as a pavilion by Mehmed, a depository for the properties of those who died inside the palace without heirs and the receiving department of the treasury. It has also been
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for cleanliness and purity. Its interior and exterior are decorated with a mixed collection of rare recycled tiles such as the blue tiles with flower motifs at the exterior. The most important of these are the blue and white tile panels influenced by far-eastern ceramics on the chamber facade, dated
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provinces, where they were further trained in the administration of state affairs. From the beginning of the 17th century onward, the princes lived in the Harem, which started to have a voice in the palace administration. The Twin Kiosk was used as the privy chamber of the crown prince from the 18th
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The interior consists of two large rooms, dating from the reign of Sultan Murat III, but are more probably from the reign of Ahmed I. The ceiling is not flat but conical in the kiosk style, evoking the traditional tents of the early
Ottomans. As in tents, there is no standing furniture but sofas set
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A secret door behind a mirror allowed the sultan a safe passage. One door admits to the Queen Mother's apartments, another to the sultan's hammam. The opposite doors lead to the small dining chamber (rebuilt by Ahmed III) and the great bedchamber, while the other admits to a series of ante-chambers,
2250:), the concubines, the queen mother, the sultan's consorts, the princes and the favourites. There was no trespassing beyond the gates of the harem, except for the sultan, the queen mother, the sultan's consorts and favourites, the princes and the concubines as well as the eunuchs guarding the harem.
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The
Imperial Council building was first built during the reign of Mehmed II. The present building dates from the period of Süleyman the Magnificent; the chief architect was Alseddin. It had to be restored after the Harem fire of 1665. According to the entrance inscription it was also restored during
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By the end of the 16th century, the palace had acquired its present appearance. The palace is an extensive complex rather than a single monolithic structure, with an assortment of low buildings constructed around courtyards, interconnected with galleries and passages. Few of the buildings exceed two
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were the quarters where the consorts of the Sultan lived. These constructions covered the site of the courtyard in the late 16th century. At the entrance to the quarters of the Queen Mother, wall frescoes from the late 18th century depict landscapes, reflecting the western influence. The staircase,
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There are multiple entrances to the council hall, both from inside the palace and from the courtyard. The porch consists of multiple marble and porphyry pillars, with an ornate green and white-coloured wooden ceiling decorated with gold. The exterior entrances into the hall are in the rococo style,
1157:, storerooms and rooms for the cooks. They were the largest kitchens in the Ottoman Empire. Food was prepared for about 4,000 people and the kitchen staff consisted of more than 800 people. The kitchens included dormitories, baths and a mosque for the employees, most of which disappeared over time.
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the sultan "took care to summon the very best workmen from everywhere – masons and stonecutters and carpenters ... For he was constructing great edifices which were to be worth seeing and should in every respect vie with the greatest and best of the past." Accounts differ as to when construction of
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The Chief
Physician was also a companion of the sultan outside the palace, accompanying him even on battles. The office of the chief physician was traditionally held by Jews. After the 17th century, there were increasingly Muslim physicians along with Jewish and European physicians. The last Chief
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structure to let the natural sunlight in. The floor is clad in white and grey marble. The marble tub with an ornamental fountain in the caldarium and the gilded iron grill are characteristic features. The golden lattice work was to protect the bathing sultan or his mother from murder attempts. The
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in 1533: "The
Emperor was seated on a slightly elevated throne completely covered with gold cloth, replete and strewn with numerous precious stones, and there were on all sides many cushions of inestimable value; the walls of the chamber were covered with mosaic works spangled with azure and gold;
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Apart from exhibiting kitchen utensils, today the buildings contain a silver gifts collection, as well as a large collection of porcelain. The
Ottomans had access to Chinese porcelains from the mid-fifteenth century onward. Although official Chinese sources have documented that some Ottoman envoys
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Until the late 19th century, there had been a small inner court in this corner of the Enderûn
Courtyard. This court led through the Kuşhane Gate into the harem. Today this is the gate from which the visitors exit from the Harem. Birds were raised for the sultan's table in the buildings around the
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The library is an example of Ottoman architecture of the 18th century. The exterior of the building is faced with marble. The library has the form of a Greek cross with a domed central hall and three rectangular bays. The fourth arm of the cross consists of the porch, which can be approached by a
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During excavations in 1937 in front of this building, remains of a religious Byzantine building dating from the 5th century were found. Since it could not be identified with any of the churches known to have been built on the palace site, it is now known as "the Basilica of the Topkapı Palace" or
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Chinese porcelain is among the finest porcelain collections in the world. Porcelains often entered the palace collection as parts of the estates of deceased persons, and were sometimes circulated as gifts amongst members of the royal family or other leading officials. Records indicate that by the
3182:) during the reign of Sultan Selim III, saw from the upper floor of this tower the rebels coming to the palace to assassinate the sultan and alarmed the sultan's loyalists. The historian Afa writes that the tower was more than two floors higher than today but today it only has two storeys left.
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The kitchens are located on an internal street stretching between the Second Courtyard and the Marmara Sea. The entrance to this section is through the three doors in the portico of the Second Courtyard: the Imperial commissariat (lower kitchen) door, imperial kitchen door and the confectionery
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Code, which regulated the rank order of court officials, the administrative hierarchy, and protocol matters. This principle of increased seclusion over time was reflected in the construction style and arrangements of various halls and buildings. The architects had to ensure that even within the
3150:). From the kiosk the sultan would watch sporting events in the garden and other organised entertainment. This open building with large windows was originally used as a restroom and later, during the Tulip era (1718–1730), as a lodge for guests. It is situated next to the Tulip Garden.
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Physician was Abdülhak Molla, who lived during the reign of Sultan Abdülmecid I. After the sultan moved away from Topkapı, the tower was used as a music conservatory and later used for the cleaning of palace arms. It was restored in 1911 and houses the medical objects collection.
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after sunset. Some sources mention this resting place as the "Moonlit Seat". Special gifts like the showering of gold coins to officials by the sultan also sometimes occurred here. The marbled terrace gained its current appearance during the reign of Sultan Ibrahim (1640–48).
3087:) offers a view on the Golden Horn and is a magnet for tourists today for photo opportunities. Its ridged cradle vault with the gilded roof was a first in Ottoman architecture with echoes of China and India. The sultan is reported to have had the custom to break his fast (
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built in the second half of the 16th century. It was restored in 1704 by Sultan Ahmed III and rebuilt in 1752 by Mahmud I in the Rococo style. It is the only wooden building in the innermost part of the palace. It consists of rooms with the backside supported by columns.
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to the north and the kitchens to the south. At the end of the courtyard, the Gate of Felicity marks the entrance to the Third Courtyard. Numerous artifacts from the Roman and Byzantine periods that have been found on the palace site during recent excavations, including
2092:) is the largest mosque in the palace. It is also one of the oldest constructions, dating from the 15th century during the reign of Mehmed II. The Sultan, the ağas and pages would come here to pray. The mosque is aligned in a diagonal line in the courtyard to make the
1823:, inlaid with nacre and ivory may also be found in this room. Other pieces include several pearl embellished Qur'an covers belonging to the sultans and jewel-encrusted looking glasses. There is a music box from India with a gold elephant dating from the 19th century.
2068:, Islamic law and similar works of scholarship in Ottoman Turkish, Arabic and Persian. The library collection consisted of more than 3,500 manuscripts. Some are fine examples of inlay work with nacre and ivory. Today these books are kept in the Mosque of the Ağas (
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The throne of Sultan Mahmud I is the centerpiece of the fourth room. This gold-plated throne in Indian style, decorated with pearls and emeralds, was a gift of the Persian ruler Nader Shah in the 18th century. Another exhibit shows the forearm and the hand of St.
1642:, the common Muslim benediction, meaning "In the Name of God the Compassionate, the Merciful", dating from 1723. This inscription was added during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III. The tile panels on either side of the door were placed during later repair work.
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In April 2021, archaeologists uncovered a Roman period gallery consisting of three sections during the underground researches carried out in Topkapı Palace. The gallery located near the Imperial Gate was revealed during the excavation of the First Courtyard.
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is also easily recognizable. The upper part of the gallery contains 37 portraits of different sultans, most of which are copies since the original paintings are too delicate to be publicly shown. The portrait of Mehmed II was painted by the Venetian painter
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with gilded grills to admit natural light. While the pillars are an earlier Ottoman style, the wall paintings and decorations are from the later rococo period. Inside, the Imperial Council building consists of three adjoining main rooms. The 15th century
2881:) open to this passage. The walls are painted a plain white colour. It is believed that the attribute "golden" is due to the sultan's throwing of golden coins to be picked up by the concubines at festive days, although this is disputed by some scholars.
2401:) adjacent to the dormitory contains a bath, living rooms and bedrooms. The school room of the princes under the control of the Chief Harem eunuch was on the upper story. The walls were revetted with 18th-century European tiles with baroque decorations.
2761:) consists of two privy chambers built in the 17th century, at different times. The building is connected to the palace and consists of only one storey built on an elevated platform to give a better view from inside and shield views from the outside.
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to signify their higher position. The first mention of this corps is around 1527, when they were established to clear the roads ahead of the army during a campaign. The dormitory was founded in the 15th century. It was enlarged by the chief architect
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Mehmed II established the basic layout of the palace. His private quarters would be located at the highest point of the promontory. Various buildings and pavilions surrounded the innermost core and winded down the promontory towards the shores of the
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in 1635. The building was restored by Sultan Ahmed III in the early 18th century. The dormitory is vaulted and is supported by 14 columns. Adjacent to the dormitory, located northeast, is the Conqueror's Pavilion, which houses the Imperial Treasury.
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gate. On the inscription over the Kuşhane door one reads that Mahmud I had the kitchen of the Kuşhane repaired. The balcony of the aviary facing the Harem Gate was constructed during repair work in 1916. The building's facade resembles traditional
666:. The Ottoman Empire had expanded rapidly and Suleyman wanted his residence to reflect its growing power. The chief architect in this period was the Persian Alaüddin, also known as Acem Ali. He was also responsible for the expansion of the Harem.
2366:), the fourth high-ranking official in the official protocol. In between is the school for the imperial princes, with precious tiles from the 17th and 18th centuries and gilded wainscoting. At the end of the court is the main gate to the harem (
2481:) was constructed at the same time as the courtyard of the eunuchs in the middle of the 16th century. It underwent restoration after the 1665 fire and is the smallest courtyard of the Harem. The porticoed courtyard is surrounded by baths (
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tiles. The horse block in front of the mosque served the sultan to mount his horse and the sitting benches were for the guards. The fountain that gives the space its name was moved and is now in the pool of the Privy Chamber of Murad III.
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2681:). The room is decorated with blue-and-white and coral-red İznik tiles. The rich floral designs are framed in thick orange borders of the 1570s. A band of inscriptional tiles runs around the room above the shelf and door level. The large
1368:) from this treasury, which was closed by the imperial seal entrusted to the grand vizier. In 1928, four years after the Topkapı Palace was converted into a museum, its collection of arms and armor was put on exhibition in this building.
2322:, which connected the Harem, the Privy Garden, the Mosque of the Harem Eunuchs and the Tower of Justice from where the sultan watched the deliberations of the Imperial Council, led to this place. The walls are revetted with 17th-century
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The first court pharmacy was established during the reign of Mehmed II. There were also other pharmacies and infirmaries at the palace besides this particular one. According to a legend, Enderunlu Tayyar Efendi, who was the Chief Tutor
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After the Great Harem Fire of 1666, the hall was renovated in the rococo style during the reign of Sultan Osman III. The tile belt surrounding the walls bearing calligraphic inscriptions were revetted with 18th-century blue-and-white
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flight of stairs on either side. Beneath the central arch of the portico is an elaborate drinking fountain with niches on each side. The building is set on a low basement to protect the precious books of the library against moisture.
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The layout of the Third Courtyard was established by Mehmed II. While Mehmed II would not sleep in the harem, successive sultans after him became more secluded and moved to the more intimate Fourth Courtyard and the harem section.
1197:, dating from the 17th to the 19th centuries. The collection also includes around 5,000 European pieces. Researchers believe that Ottoman tastes changed over time to favor various types of European porcelain by the 18th century.
2522:), together with the apartments of the sultan, form the largest and most important section in the harem. It was constructed after the Queen Mother moved into the Topkapı Palace in the late 16th century from the Old Palace (
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given as presents to the viziers, ambassadors and residents of the palace by the financial department and the sultan and other valuable objects were also stored here. The janissaries were paid their quarterly wages (called
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or the Parade Court. Court officials and janissaries would line the path dressed in their best garb. Visitors entering the palace would follow the path towards the Gate of Salutation and the Second Courtyard of the palace.
1021:). The courtyard was probably completed around 1465, during the reign of Mehmed II. It received its final appearance around 1525–1529 during the reign of Suleyman I. It is surrounded by the former palace hospital, bakery,
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The Privy Chamber was converted into an accommodation for the officials of the Mantle of Felicity in the second half of the 19th century by adding a vault to the colonnades of the Privy Chamber in the Enderun Courtyard.
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paid tributary visits to China and received gifts, including porcelain wares, from the Chinese emperor as rewards, no sources on the Ottoman side substantiate such official missions. The collection of 10,700 pieces of
1911:), set in a golden covering. Several displays show an assembly of flintlock guns, swords, spoons, all decorated with gold and jewels. Of special interest is the gold shrine that used to contain the cloak of Mohammed.
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that has completely hollowed out their trunks, over the course of centuries. The trees nonetheless survive and remain standing. In other cases, two trees of a different kind have grown and fused together, such as a
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of trust were kept, administered by the Chief Harem Eunuch. This treasury stored money from the pious foundations of the harem and other foundations, and financial records of the sultans and the imperial family.
2565:). This double bath dates from the late 16th century and consists of multiple rooms. It was redecorated in the rococo style in the middle of the 18th century. Both baths present the same design, consisting of a
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18th century the palace collection had 16,566 pieces of Chinese porcelain, compared to 400 pieces in the 16th century and 3,645 pieces in the 17th century. The Chinese porcelain collection ranges from the late
2693:), skilfully decorated in coloured marble. The flow of water was meant to prevent any eavesdropping, while providing a relaxed atmosphere to the room. The two gilded baldachin beds date from the 18th century.
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of Persia, but the Shah was assassinated in connection with a revolt before the emissary had left the Ottoman Empire's boundaries. This dagger gained more fame as the object of the heist depicted of the film
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and Persian armor, helmets, swords and axes. A lesser number of European and Asian arms make up the remainder of the collection. Currently on exhibition are some 400 weapons, most of which bear inscriptions.
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It houses what are considered to be "the most sacred relics of the Muslim world": the cloak of Muhammad, two swords, a bow, one tooth, a hair of his beard, his battle sabres, an autographed letter and other
2100:), housing a collection of about 13,500 Turkish, Arabic, Persian and Greek books and manuscripts, collected by the Ottomans. Located next to the mosque to the northeast is the Imperial Portraits Collection.
2826:) and the Mabeyn section at the ground floor also included the Hall with the Mirrors. This was the space where Abdül Hamid I lived with his harem. The wooden apartment is decorated in the rococo style.
3205:) was made for Murad IV to watch the sports activities of pages. The inscription on the throne states that in 1636 Murad IV, who was an accomplished sportsman himself, threw an oak cudgel 120 meters.
1663:). This collection is made up of around 2,500 garments, including the precious kaftans of the Sultans. It also houses a collection of 360 ceramic objects. The dormitory was constructed under Sultan
2187:
The Arcade of the Chamber of the Holy Mantle was added in the reign of Murad III, but was altered when the Circumcision Room was added. This arcade may have been built on the site of the Temple of
2541:, signed by Osman İznikli Mehmetoğlu, represents a new style in İznik tiles. The paintwork with panoramic views in the upper rooms is in the Western European style of the 18th and 19th centuries.
1308:
was able to follow deliberations of the council without being noticed from a window with a golden grill. The window could be reached from the imperial quarters in the adjacent Tower of Justice (
2833:) were conceived as the instruments of the perpetuation of the dynasty in the harem organisation. When the favourites became pregnant they assumed the title and powers of the official consort (
2582:
sultan's bath was decorated by Sinan with high-quality İznik polychrome tiles. But much of the tile decoration of the harem, from structures damaged by the fire of 1574, was recycled by Sultan
662:
Later sultans made various modifications to the palace, though Mehmed II's basic layout was mostly preserved. The palace was significantly expanded between 1520 and 1560, during the reign of
2253:
The harem wing was only added at the end of the 16th century. Many of the rooms and features in the Harem were designed by Mimar Sinan. The harem section opens into the Second Courtyard (
909:, though there is disagreement about whether the fountain was actually used for this purpose. It is located on the right side when facing the Gate of Salutation from the First Courtyard.
2461:) leads into the Courtyard of the Sultan's Chief Consorts and Concubines. On the counters along the passage, the eunuchs placed the dishes they brought from the kitchens in the palace.
677:
to rebuild the damaged parts of the palace. Mimar Sinan restored and expanded not only the damaged areas, but also the Harem, baths, the Privy Chamber and various shoreline pavilions.
1645:
There is a small fountain by the entrance from the time of Suleiman I. The Persian inscriptions calls the sultan "the fountainhead of generosity, justice and the sea of beneficence."
5066:
A. Ongan (1940). "1937 yılında Türk Tarih Kurumu tarafından yapılanTopkapı Sarayı hafriyatı (The excavations in Topkapı Palace conducted by the Turkish Historical Society in 1937)".
6805:
3386:
The palace has been deemed lax on security and preservation by some experts, who point out that the palace has no climate-controlled rooms or storage and is a "security nightmare".
461:
now administers the Topkapı Palace Museum. The palace complex has hundreds of rooms and chambers, but only the most important are accessible to the public as of 2020, including the
2393:) date to the 16th century. They are arranged around an inner courtyard in three storeys. The inscription on the façade of the dormitory includes the deeds of trust of the Sultans
2314:), was renovated after the Harem fire of 1666. This second great fire took place on 24 July 1665. This space was an entrance hall into the harem, guarded by the harem eunuchs. The
829:) located to the south of the palace. This massive gate, originally dating from 1478, is now covered in 19th-century marble. Its central arch leads to a high-domed passage; gilded
3237:
Europeanized style, mixed with traditional Ottoman style. Inside it is furnished in the Empire style. The two buildings were also used occasionally to accommodate foreign guests.
2417:) to which the three main sections of the harem are connected. The door on the left of the sentry post leads through the Passage of the Concubines to the Court of the Concubines (
915:
2622:), consorts, and his children. Entertainments, paying of homage during religious festivals, and wedding ceremonies took place here in the presence of the members of the dynasty.
2772:. The windows in coloured glass look out across the high terrace and the garden of the pool below. The spigots in these windows are surrounded with red, black and gold designs.
1483:
s. The ceiling is partly painted and gold-leafed, with a golden ball hanging from the middle. The sides with baroque decorative elements and miniature paintings of landscapes.
3300:
Surrounding the whole complex of the First to the Fourth Courtyard are the outer palace gardens. A part of this area that is facing the sea is also known as the Fifth Palace.
1899:, was made in 1585 by order of the vizier Ibrahim Pasha and presented to Sultan Murad III. This throne would be set up in front of the Gate of Felicity on special audiences.
1494:
on religious, festive days and accession, when the subjects and officials perform their homage standing. The funerals of the Sultan were also conducted in front of the gate.
1383:), which is over two metres tall. This stone was erected in commemoration of a record rifle shot by Selim III in 1790. It was brought to the palace from Levend in the 1930s.
6757:
881:
and various fountains. The Byzantine church of Hagia Irene was used by the Ottomans as a storehouse and imperial armoury. This courtyard was also known as the Court of the
5799:
2061:, which lasted from 1703 to 1730. The books were stored in cupboards built into the walls. The niche opposite the entrance was the private reading corner of the sultan.
722:
2785:(cage). The crown prince and other princes were trained in the discipline of the Ottoman Harem until they reached adulthood. Afterwards, they were sent as governors to
2057:
of variegated design. The central dome and the vaults of the rectangular bays have been painted. The decoration inside the dome and vaults are typical of the so-called
2637:
In the hall stands the sultan's throne. The gallery was occupied by the consorts of the sultan, headed by the Queen Mother. The gilded chairs are a present of Emperor
1773:. The colonnaded portico on the side of the garden is connected to each of the four halls by a large door. The pavilion was used as the treasury for the revenues from
1125:) were built when the palace was first constructed in the 15th century and expanded during the reign of Suleyman the Magnificent. They were modeled on the kitchens of
927:
6334:
939:
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Among the exhibits are two enormous solid gold candleholders, each weighing 48 kg and mounted with 6,666 cut diamonds, a present of Sultan Abdülmecid I to the
5794:
2180:, during the time when the palace was a residence. Now any visitor can see these items, although in very dim light to protect the relics, and many Muslims make a
1609:), is right behind the Gate of Felicity. This square building is an Ottoman kiosk, surrounded by a colonnade of 22 columns supporting the large roof with hanging
5689:
1285:, was later used as the mosque of the council. There are three domed chambers: the first chamber where the Imperial Council held its deliberations is called the
644:
the inner core of the palace started and was finished. Critobulus gives the dates 1459–1465; other sources suggest construction was completed in the late 1460s.
1636:
Embossed inscriptions at the main visitors' door, dating from 1856, contain laudatory words for Sultan Abdülmecid I. The main door is surmounted by an embossed
2413:) separates the harem in which the family and the concubines of the sultan resided from the Courtyard of the Eunuchs. The door leads out into the sentry post (
2386:) and the sentry post next to it. The main entrance gate of the Harem and the gate of the Kuşhane connected the Enderûn court leads out into the Kuşhane door.
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The second room houses the Topkapı Dagger. The golden hilt is ornamented with three large emeralds, topped by a golden watch with an emerald lid. The golden
1648:
Gifts presented by ambassadors were placed in front of the large window in the middle of the main facade between the two doors. The Pişkeş Gate to the left (
6302:
5719:
3345:, the old imperial rose garden, which belonged to the larger complex of the palace. This park is open to the public. Located at the gate to the park is the
2713:), richly decorated with İznik glazed tiles. The cabinet doors, the window shutters, a small table and a Qur'an lectern are decorated with nacre and ivory.
6159:
2918:), gardens and terraces. It was originally a part of the Third Courtyard but recent scholars have identified it as more separate to better distinguish it.
2533:
These are all enriched with blue-and-white or yellow-and-green tiles with flowery motifs and İznik porcelain from the 17th century. The panel representing
5814:
5804:
1098:
7012:
5894:
2865:). The sultan used this passage to pass to the Harem, the Privy Chamber and the Sofa-i Hümâyûn, the Imperial terrace. The Courtyard of the Queen Mother (
2227:) occupied one of the sections of the private apartments of the sultan; it contained more than 400 rooms. The harem was home to the sultan's mother, the
5789:
5784:
2986:. Both contain most of their original decoration, with projecting eaves, a central dome and interior with recessed cupboards and woodwork with inlaid
2701:
2334:). Their design is of a high artistic level but the execution is of minor quality compared to 16th-century tiles, and the paint on these tiles blurs.
2330:
On the left is the small mosque of the black eunuchs. The tiles in watery green, dirty white and middle blue all date from the 17th century (reign of
1298:
438:
After the 17th century, Topkapı gradually lost its importance. The sultans of that period preferred to spend more time in their new palaces along the
427:
and the 1665 fire. The palace complex consists of four main courtyards and many smaller buildings. Female members of the Sultan's family lived in the
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palace, the sultan and his family could enjoy a maximum of privacy and discretion, making use of grilled windows and building secret passageways.
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The doors have very fine inlay work. On the right side of the entrance is a fireplace with a gilded hood. In the middle of the room is a silver '
3044:
It closely resembles the Yerevan Kiosk. The three doors to the porch are located between the sofas. The façade is covered with marble, strips of
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1895:. They were brought back to Istanbul shortly before the Ottoman Empire lost control over Mecca. The gold ceremonial Bayram throne, mounted with
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in Beyazit Square. Mehmed II ordered that construction of Topkapı Palace begin in 1459. According to an account of the contemporary historian
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2645:. A pantry, where musical instruments are exhibited, opens to the Imperial Hall, which provides access into the sultan's private apartments.
1282:
1259:; on its façade are verse inscriptions that mention the restoration work carried out in 1792 and 1819 by Sultan Selim III and Mahmud II. The
1065:), located around five to six meters below ground level, were constructed under Mehmed II and renovated under Suleyman. A vast collection of
608:. The terrain is hilly and the palace itself is located at one of the highest points close to the sea. During Greek and Byzantine times, the
5884:
5879:
2857:) is a narrow passage that forms the axis of the Harem, dating from the 15th century. It extends between the Courtyard of the Harem Eunuch (
1804:
The Imperial Treasury is a vast collection of artworks, jewelry, heirlooms and money belonging to the Ottoman dynasty. The Chief Treasurer (
5839:
4399:
2530:). The apartments of the Queen Mother are connected by a passage, leading into the Queen Mother's bathroom, to the quarters of the sultan.
1633:, a mythical bird. On the throne there is a cover made of several pieces of brocade on which emerald and ruby plaques and pearls are sown.
133:
4649:
Krahl, Regina (1986). "Export Porcelain Fit for the Chinese Emperor. Early Chinese Blue-and-White in the Topkapǐ Saray Museum, Istanbul".
4542:
Artan, Tülay (2010). "Eighteenth-century Ottoman Princesses as Collectors: Chinese and European Porcelains in the Topkapı Palace Museum".
3292:) used to stand in its place. The inscription at the gate of the mosque indicated that it was restored under Sultan Abdülmecid I in 1858.
2236:
a courtyard. The number of rooms is not determined, with probably over 100, of which only a few are open to the public. These apartments (
3041:) is situated on the right side of the terrace with a fountain. It was built to commemorate the Baghdad Campaign of Murad IV after 1638.
1277:
993:
Layout of the second courtyard: the gilded door leads to the domed Imperial Council Chamber and in the background is the Tower of Justice
6825:
1931:
Adjacent to the north of the Imperial Treasury lays the pages dormitory, which has been turned into the Miniature and Portrait Gallery (
1247:, which means "under the dome". The council building situated in the northwestern corner of the courtyard next to the Gate of Felicity.
6080:
3399:
On November 30, 2011, Libyan ex-police and revolutionary Samir Salem Ali Elmadhavri, apparently copying the act of Norwegian extremist
2289:). This place was built as a vestibule to the harem in 1587 by Murad III. The harem treasury worked here. In its cupboards, records of
2046:
for use by officials of the royal household. The colonnade of this earlier kiosk now probably stands in front of the present Treasury.
1088:). The responsibilities of the halberdiers included carrying wood to the palace rooms and service for some of the palace quarters. The
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and a carpet of the daughter of Mohammed. Even the Sultan and his family were permitted entrance only once a year, on the 15th day of
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of the Ottoman rulers. The domed chamber is supported by pillars, some of Byzantine origin since a cross is engraved on one of them.
4805:
4461:
2485:), a laundry fountain, a laundry, dormitories, the apartments of the Sultan's chief consort and the apartments of the stewardesses (
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5291:
3471:
1471:
The gate was probably constructed under Mehmed II in the 15th century. It was redecorated in the rococo style in 1774 under Sultan
458:
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4325:
7007:
1652:, Pişkeş meaning gift brought to a superior) is surmounted by an inscription from the reign of Mahmud II, which dates from 1810.
1601:
Main entrance to the Audience Chamber, with the small fountain of Suleiman I to the right, and the large gifts window to the left
1972:. Other precious Ottoman miniature paintings that are either kept in this gallery, the palace library or in other parts are the
802:(Council Street). This street was used for imperial processions during the Byzantine and Ottoman era. It leads directly to the
6871:
5970:
1819:
decorated with gold and encrusted with jewels. His gilded sword, shield and stirrups are also on display. The ebony throne of
813:
The Imperial Gate is the main entrance into the First Courtyard. The sultan would enter the palace through the Imperial Gate (
4024:
3823:
3795:
3777:
3748:
3727:
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3334:. Most of the pavilions along with some of the seaside walls and gates were destroyed when the railway lines leading to the
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5363:
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is a reconstruction of some of the buildings, such as the Audience Chamber, the palace kitchens and the Tower of Justice.
951:
6145:
4068:
1038:, are on display in the Second Courtyard in front of the imperial kitchens. Located underneath the Second Courtyard is a
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1963:(1513). The map shows parts of the western coasts of Europe and North Africa with reasonable accuracy, and the coast of
6618:
6075:
3393:. Following this catastrophe, the museum director placed the porcelain collection on more secure mounts in the palace.
3389:
Since many of the walls of the palace are 3 meters (9.8 ft) thick, it mostly escaped structural damage during the
3249:
1503:) and the staff under him, were the quarters of the eunuchs as well as the small and large rooms of the palace school.
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5345:
1699:
989:
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6572:
6426:
5036:
5014:
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4579:"Between the Islamic and Chinese Universal Empires: The Ottoman Empire, Ming Dynasty, and Global Age of Explorations"
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3584:
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3523:
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1721:
1232:
1206:
2141:
966:
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6598:
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2910:), was more of an innermost private sanctuary of the sultan and his family, and consists of a number of pavilions,
6613:
4424:
2148:), which includes the Pavilion of the Holy Mantle. The chamber was constructed by Sinan under the reign of Sultan
1510:
was unfurled. The Grand Vizier or the commander going to war was entrusted with this banner in a solemn ceremony.
6557:
5443:
3225:), built in 1840, was the last significant addition to the palace, along with the neighbouring Wardrobe Chamber (
3071:
1352:). Since there was another ("inner") treasury in the Third Courtyard, this one was also called "outer treasury" (
1324:
the lantern of the tower in 1825 while retaining the Ottoman base. The tall windows with engaged columns and the
328:
5960:
4040:
2241:
2211:
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face Mecca. In 1928 the books of the Enderûn Library, among other works, were moved here as the Palace Library (
3868:
3476:
2362:), with their apartments on the left side. At the end of the court is the apartment of the black chief eunuch (
1703:
1497:
On either side of this colonnaded passage, under control of the Chief Eunuch of the Sultan's Harem (called the
898:
628:
424:
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2685:
patterns of the dome have been regilded and repainted in black and red. The large fireplace with gilded hood (
2449:
After the main entrance and before turning to the Passage of Concubines is the Courtyard of the Queen Mother.
6644:
6039:
4985:
3396:
During a 1999 robbery, thieves stole portions of a 12th-century Qur'an from a locked exhibit in the library.
3318:
Along the shore a number of pavilions were constructed for the sultan's viewing pleasure. These included the
2943:
2725:) with walls painted with panels of floral designs and bowls of fruit and with an intricate tiles fireplace (
353:
6926:
6608:
1499:
1054:, used to hold audiences in the second courtyard. Some foreign dignitaries, including the French ambassador
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3312:
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2709:
On the other side of the great bedchamber there are two smaller rooms: first the Privy Chamber of Ahmed I (
2634:. But the domed arch and pendentives still bear classical paintings dating from the original construction.
1073:) are kept in the privy stables. This area also has a small 18th-century mosque and the bath of Beşir Ağa (
126:
108:
5320:
5052:
3311:) has survived. The Tiled Pavilion dates to around 1473 and houses the Islamic ceramics collection of the
1624:
The main throne room is located inside the audience chamber. According to a contemporary account by envoy
6086:
4241:
6876:
6091:
3248:
Located next to the Grand Kiosk is a high-end restaurant which has been visited by guests such as Queen
6972:
6815:
6810:
6470:
1289:, the second was occupied by the secretarial staff of the Imperial Council, and the third—called
1266:
502:
262:
6947:
1538:), which is the heart of the palace. It is a lush garden surrounded by the Hall of the Privy Chamber (
6552:
6137:
1055:
454:
2350:
1133:. The rebuilt kitchens form two rows of 20 wide chimneys; these chimneys were added by Mimar Sinan.
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663:
319:
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47:
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3515:
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1873:
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1559:, page boys in the service of the sultan. They were taught the arts, such as music, painting and
1506:
The small, indented stone on the ground in front of the gate marks the place where the banner of
1348:
The building where the arms and armor are exhibited was originally one of the palace treasuries (
1129:. After the fire of 1574, which damaged the kitchens, they were remodeled by the court architect
470:
423:, in the 19th century. The complex expanded over the centuries, with major renovations after the
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6193:
5975:
4084:
Architecture, ceremonial, and power: The Topkapı Palace in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries
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Architecture, Ceremonial, and Power: The Topkapı Palace in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries
3903:
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3593:
Architecture, ceremonial, and power: The Topkapi Palace in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries
3591:
3063:. From the mid-18th century onwards, the building was used as the library of the Privy Chamber.
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2598:
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1113:
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To the west and south the complex is bordered by the large imperial flower park, known today as
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The Grand Kiosk, also known as the Mecidiye Kiosk, Grand Pavilion or Kiosk of Abdül Mecid I (
3158:
3131:
2638:
2173:
2072:), which is located to the west of the library. One of the most important items there is the
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1655:
Behind the Audience Chamber on the eastern side is the Dormitory of the Expeditionary Force (
1555:
807:
795:
457:
in 1923, a government decree dated April 3, 1924 transformed Topkapı into a museum. Turkey's
450:. Topkapı retained some of its functions, including the imperial treasury, library and mint.
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3213:
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have realistic portraits of the rulers been made. An interesting feature is a large painted
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that dates to Byzantine times. During Ottoman times this courtyard would have been full of
1030:
380:
104:
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5744:
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2822:) apartments. The apartment of the Sultan's Favourite Consort along with the Golden Road (
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365:
8:
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3863:. Istanbul: Chamber of Architects of Turkey Istanbul Metropolitan Branch. pp. 65–6.
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2810:) forms the last section of the Harem and overlooks a large pool and the Boxwood Garden (
2587:
1313:
830:
636:
549:, the seaside palace, was destroyed in a fire its name was transferred to the palace. In
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The trees in the Topkapı Palace complex are remarkable, as many have fallen victim to a
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At the end of the imperial stables are the Dormitories of the Halberdiers with Tresses (
1050:. It was used as a gathering place for courtiers. The Sultan, seated on the gold-plated
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3284:), was constructed under Mahmud II in the Empire style for the use of the corps called
3240:
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3045:
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2429:) to the sultan's quarters. The large mirrors in this hall date from the 18th century.
2073:
1877:
1476:
1293:—is where the head clerks kept records of the council meetings. The main chamber
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were constructed in the late 19th century. The Basketmakers' Kiosk however was saved.
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2502:), the dormitories of the concubines at the basement of the Harem and Harem Gardens.
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Layout of the Harem and the Sultan's Private Apartments. (click on image for details)
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hangs a golden pendant with a large emerald. The next displays show the ostentatious
1026:
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2164:. Several other sacred objects are on display, such as the swords of the first four
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kitchen door. The palace kitchens consist of 10 domed buildings: Imperial kitchen, (
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24:
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The chambers and parts explained here are only those open to the public as of 2008.
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3811:. Studies in the History of Gardens & Designed Landscapes, vol.23, no.i: 57–71.
3346:
3272:
2814:). The courtyard was expanded in the 18th century by the addition of the Interval (
2077:
2038:) in the centre of the Third Court. It was built on the foundations of the earlier
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Chinese ceramics in the Topkapi Saray Museum, Istanbul : a complete catalogue
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2270:
1969:
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miniature from 1584 shows the Third Courtyard and the surrounding outer gardens.
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decorations on the façade and inside the Imperial Council date from this period.
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was largely in ruins. The Ottoman court was initially set up in the Old Palace (
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Topkapi Palace Inside and Out: A Guide to the Topkapi Palace Museum and Grounds
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2382:) and the School of Princes as well as the Gentlemen-in-Waiting of the Sultan (
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2169:
1861:
of the sultans and their horses, studded with diamonds, emeralds and rubies. A
1841:
1792:
1734:
1458:), also known as the Third Courtyard, marking the border to the Outer Court or
1138:
620:
605:
585:
474:
369:
20:
5694:
5587:
4662:
4594:
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3303:
Mehmed II also had three pavilions, or kiosks, constructed, of which only the
2577:. Each room either has a dome, or the ceilings are at some point glassed in a
2054:
6941:
6228:
6213:
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2018:
1956:
1305:
1150:
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234:
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135:
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5935:
5754:
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3327:
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3153:
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style. These decorations contrast with those of the Ottoman classical age.
2191:
that was transformed before the 10th century into the Church of St. Menas.
2058:
1816:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
906:
803:
745:
443:
432:
2990:
2514:
Exhibit representing the Queen Mother and her attendants in her apartments
2489:). The three independent tiled apartments with fireplaces overlooking the
1490:
square only for special ceremonies. The Sultan sat before the gate on his
921:
The Gate of Salutation, entrance to the Second courtyard of Topkapı Palace
905:) is where the executioner purportedly washed his hands and sword after a
853:
used as a vantage point for the ladies of the harem on special occasions.
772:
Partial view of Seraglio Point with Topkapı Palace and Incirli Kiosk, 1559
6726:
6537:
6263:
6000:
3411:
The resort hotel World Of Wonders Resorts & Hotels Topkapı Palace in
3323:
3319:
3304:
3170:), also known as the Chamber of the Chief Physician and court drugstore (
2574:
2490:
2121:
1936:
1812:
1560:
1472:
1325:
1130:
1035:
972:
958:
882:
878:
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670:
654:
597:
230:
66:
5899:
4926:
Silks for the Sultans; Ottoman imperial garments from the Topkapi palace
4678:
4563:
3720:
Chinese Ceramics in Topkapi Saray Museum, Istanbul: A Complete Catalogue
2741:
2464:
2354:
Reconstruction of an Ottoman style library, in the Topkapı Palace museum
1586:
1219:
6218:
5945:
5854:
5487:
3987:
State of Conservation of World Heritage Properties in Europe SECTION II
2721:
Next to it is the small but very colourful Privy Chamber of Ahmed III (
2570:
2394:
2370:). The narrow corridor on the left side leads to the apartments of the
2310:
The Hall of the Ablution Fountain, also known as "Sofa with Fountain" (
2181:
1896:
1835:
1785:
built along a trefoil plan was found. It houses the Imperial Treasury (
1782:
1706: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1617:. It was destroyed in the fire of 1856 and rebuilt during the reign of
1359:
This treasury was used to finance the administration of the state. The
1194:
1193:
as well as blue and white porcelain. The Japanese collection is mainly
593:
400:
23:. For the neighbourhood in the west of Fatih district in Istanbul, see
6411:
6167:
5809:
5684:
4208:
2845:
2779:) lived here in seclusion; therefore, the apartments were also called
2590:
in Istanbul. The walls are now either clad in marble or white-washed.
2323:
2053:
The walls above the windows are decorated with 16th- and 17th-century
1597:
1475:
and during the reign of Mahmud II. The gate is further decorated with
1450:
1164:
1093:
889:
The large Gate of Salutation, also known as the Middle Gate (Turkish:
541:) until the 18th century. The palace received its current name during
4048:
3718:
Regina Krahl (Author), Nurdan Erbahar (Author), John Ayers (Author).
3652:
The Topkapi Saray Museum. Architecture; the Harem and other buildings
3079:
The gilded İftar Pavilion, also known as İftar Kiosk or İftar bower (
2670:
2627:
2578:
2566:
2371:
2331:
2266:
2232:
2149:
2117:
2043:
1960:
1940:
1854:
1614:
1547:
1518:
1312:). The window is mentioned for the first time in 1527 by the scholar
1256:
1252:
1102:
1022:
846:
842:
834:
729:
701:
649:
613:
609:
439:
282:
226:
5029:
Masterpieces from the Topkapı Museum : paintings and miniatures
4578:
3540:
Masterpieces from the Topkapı Museum : paintings and miniatures
1681:
1149:(outer service section of the palace), kitchens, beverages kitchen,
794:
The main street leading to the palace is the Byzantine processional
60:
6446:
6344:
5869:
5653:
5456:
5324:
3951:
3617:
Chinese porcelain collections in the Near East: Topkapi and Ardebil
3457:– imperial residence from 1853 until 1889, and from 1909 until 1922
3371:
2967:
2786:
2769:
2262:
2188:
2065:
1939:
and miniatures. In the displays, one can see old and very precious
1858:
1831:
1827:
1820:
1811:
The first room of the treasury houses one of the armours of Sultan
1664:
1507:
1243:)—held meetings. The domed chamber of the building is called
1154:
624:
565:
542:
357:
346:
205:
Various low buildings surrounding courtyards, pavilions and gardens
118:
5421:
3559:
Topkapi Palace: An Illustrated Guide to its Life and Personalities
3357:
2421:). The door in the middle leads to the Court of the Queen Mother (
2281:
The entrance gate from the Second Courtyard is the Gate of Carts (
2042:
kiosk by the royal architect Mimar Beşir Ağa in 1719 on orders of
1460:
1399:
form the bulk of the collection, but it also includes examples of
5859:
5844:
4651:
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
3741:
Suleymanname: The Illustrated History of Suleyman the Magnificent
3412:
3375:
3094:
2983:
2979:
2583:
2561:
The next rooms are the Baths of the Sultan and the Queen Mother (
2177:
1846:
1778:
1762:) is one of the oldest buildings inside the palace. It was built
1638:
1404:
1400:
1344:
The former Imperial Treasury houses the armoury collection today.
1190:
1089:
1047:
1043:
1039:
19:
This article is about the Turkish palace. For the 1964 film, see
4400:"Roman-era gallery discovered beneath Istanbul's Topkapı Palace"
782:
6442:
6172:
5658:
3809:
Gardens of the Topkapi Palace: An example of Turkish garden art
3518:- Oxford University Press, USA; New edition (January 2, 1996);
3366:
2891:
2653:), which were all retiled and redecorated in the 17th century.
2538:
2165:
2093:
1964:
1952:
1845:. In the middle of the second room stands the walnut throne of
1408:
1360:
1260:
894:
838:
506:
373:
361:
3426:
3378:
with it. This phenomenon can be seen in the second courtyard.
3341:
Located next to the First Courtyard towards the city lies the
3005:
2010:
1919:
1605:
The Audience Chamber, also known as the Chamber of Petitions (
1379:
Also located outside the treasury building is a target stone (
5759:
5452:
4623:
3619:. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. pp. 273 pages.
3511:, Orient Turistik Yayinlar Ve Hizmetler Ltd., Istanbul, 1994;
3089:
2987:
2959:
2911:
2781:
2766:
2534:
2157:
1948:
1944:
1892:
1888:
1774:
428:
350:
333:
3764:. Orient Touristic Publishing Service. 1997. ASIN B000JERAEQ
2736:
2378:
behind the portico, the quarters of the Chief Harem Eunuch (
2358:
Another door leads to the Courtyard of the (Black) Eunuchs (
213:
59,260 to 70,000 m (637,900 to 753,500 sq ft)
5889:
4425:"Topkapı Sarayı'nın Altında Roma Dönemi Galerileri Bulundu"
3690:. Boston: Little, Brown & Company. pp. 248 pages.
3010:
2548:
2477:
The Courtyard of the Sultan's Consorts and the Concubines (
2425:) and the door to the right leads through the Golden Road (
2290:
1943:(12th to 17th centuries), hand-painted and hand-written in
1862:
1610:
1108:
497:. Officials of the ministry as well as armed guards of the
3126:), also erroneously known as Kiosk of Kara Mustafa Pasha (
3075:
Upper terrace with fountain, İftar bower and Baghdad Kiosk
688:. Various related buildings such as small summer palaces (
2076:, a copy of the Qur'an from the time of the third Caliph
2005:
1830:
is covered with diamonds and enamel. In 1747, the Sultan
1553:
The Third Courtyard is surrounded by the quarters of the
1320:) is located between the Imperial Council and the Harem.
6806:
Museum of the History of Science and Technology in Islam
3772:. Istanbul: Çitlembik Publications. pp. 104 pages.
3374:
that grew in the hollow of another tree and effectively
3162:
Tower of the Head Tutor / Chamber of the Chief Physician
3154:
Tower of the Head Tutor / Chamber of the Chief Physician
2729:). This room is therefore also known as the Fruit Room (
1781:. During excavations in the basement, a small Byzantine
4013:
TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 41 (Tevekkül – Tüsterî)
2276:
501:
guard the complex. The Topkapı Palace forms a part the
368:
in 1856, it served as the administrative center of the
833:
adorns the structure at the top, with verses from the
5144:
5142:
4986:"Splendors of Topkapi, Palace of the Ottoman Sultans"
4938:
4141:"Historical Information on The Topkapi Palace Museum"
3288:
i in the 19th century. The Kiosk of the Swordbearer (
2869:), the Courtyard of the Chief Consort of the Sultan (
2465:
Courtyard of the Sultan's Consorts and the Concubines
1872:
The most eye-catching jewel in the third room is the
806:
and turns northwest towards the palace square to the
4773:
4771:
4761:
4759:
4731:
4729:
4447:
4445:
4185:
4183:
4087:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. pp.
3596:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. pp.
3422:
2958:
of young princes, which is a religious tradition in
2034:), is located directly behind the Audience Chamber (
1530:
Beyond the Gate of Felicity is the Third Courtyard (
669:
In 1574, after a great fire destroyed the kitchens,
477:
are on display. The museum collection also includes
6342:
3952:"Top Capou (i.e. Top Kapı), Constantinople, Turkey"
1935:). On the lower floor is a collection of important
1281:, built with a wooden portico at the corner of the
1270:
Diagram of a tile from the Imperial Council Chamber
349:, is a large museum and library in the east of the
5139:
5053:"Saudi Aramco World : The Topkapi Collection"
4624:Krahl, Regina; Nurdan Erbahar; John Ayers (1986).
4006:
3934:"Topkapi Palace Museum - museum, Istanbul, Turkey"
1865:bowl, shaped like a vessel, was a present of Czar
1659:), which houses the Imperial Wardrobe Collection (
435:, held meetings in the Imperial Council building.
5259:
5257:
5211:
5209:
5207:
5179:
5177:
5175:
5156:
5154:
4917:
4768:
4756:
4726:
4717:
4442:
4266:
4180:
3654:. New York Graphic Society. 1988. ASIN B000MKDDF2
3542:. London: Thames and Hudson. pp. 150 pages.
3244:Panoramic view of the Marmara Sea from the palace
2757:The Twin Kiosk / Apartments of the Crown Prince (
2505:
2441:Courtyard of the Apartments of the Queen Mother (
1914:
1849:, inlaid with nacre and tortoise shell, built by
1013:Through the middle gate is the Second Courtyard (
732:holding audience in front of the Gate of Felicity
572:ordered the initial construction around the 1460s
6939:
4923:
4617:
4019:, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 256–261.
3533:. Istanbul: Ertug and Koluk. pp. 244 pages.
2432:
2297:
2030:), also known as "Library of Sultan Ahmed III" (
849:, who renovated the gate, have been identified.
4980:
3736:. Hilal Matbaacilik Koll. 1973. ASIN B000OLCZPI
3093:) under this bower during the fasting month of
2103:
2014:Enderûn Library, or Library of Sultan Ahmed III
1058:, have written accounts about these audiences.
861:Surrounded by high walls, the First Courtyard (
553:the current name of the palace, Topkapı, means
6635:Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar Literature Museum Library
5991:Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar Literature Museum Library
5254:
5204:
5172:
5151:
4978:
4976:
4974:
4972:
4970:
4968:
4966:
4964:
4962:
4960:
4138:
3640:. Ertug & Kokabiyik. 1989. ASIN B0006F4CM6
2970:constructed during 1635–36 the Yerevan Kiosk (
2793:
2665:The fountain of the Privy Chamber of Murat III
2374:(white slaves given as a gift to the sultan).
6907:Museum of Illumination and Heating Appliances
6427:
6328:
6153:
5437:
4738:
3818:. Tughra Books. Somerset, New Jersey (2008).
3280:The Terrace Mosque, also called Sofa Mosque (
2733:) and was probably used for dining purposes.
2716:
2656:
2285:), which leads into the Domed Cupboard Room (
1955:. A priceless item of this collection is the
1808:) was responsible for the Imperial Treasury.
933:Tughra of Mahmud II on the Gate of Salutation
446:decided to move the court to the newly built
431:, and leading state officials, including the
91:Accommodation for ranked officers (1853–1924)
2140:The Privy Chamber houses the Chamber of the
2112:) houses the Imperial Portraits Collection (
4957:
3856:
3722:. Sotheby Parke Bernet Publications. 1986.
3361:One of the hollow trees, in the Third Court
3138:The kiosk consists of the main hall called
2966:The royal architect Hasan Ağa under Sultan
2753:Stained-glass windows decorate the interior
2696:
2602:Imperial Hall with the throne of the sultan
2337:
2306:Detail of the hall of the Ablution Fountain
7013:Baroque architecture in the Ottoman Empire
6434:
6420:
6335:
6321:
6160:
6146:
5444:
5430:
4302:Depiction from the 16th-century miniature
4235:
4233:
4231:
4229:
3146:) and the Room for Sweet Fruit Beverages (
2240:) were occupied respectively by the harem
2152:. It used to house offices of the Sultan.
1754:The Conqueror's Pavilion, also called the
1117:The palace kitchens with the tall chimneys
5026:
4080:
3901:
3589:
3537:
3463:– imperial residence from 1889 until 1909
2997:with sofas filling the rectangular bays.
2737:Twin Kiosk/apartments of the Crown Prince
2689:) stands opposite a two-tiered fountain (
1722:Learn how and when to remove this message
1350:Dîvân-ı Hümâyûn Hazinesi / Hazine-ı Âmire
5065:
4537:
4535:
4533:
4531:
4041:"Topkapı Sarayı Müzesi Resmi Web Sitesi"
3807:Ergun, Nilgün, and Özge İskender. 2003.
3671:J. M. Rogers (Author), Cengiz Koseoglu.
3472:State organisation of the Ottoman Empire
3356:
3271:
3239:
3212:
3157:
3113:
3105:
3070:
3028:
3004:
2978:) to celebrate the Ottoman victories at
2933:
2925:
2844:
2797:
2748:
2740:
2700:
2660:
2605:
2597:
2552:
2549:Baths of the Sultan and the Queen Mother
2509:
2479:Kadın Efendiler Taşlığı / Cariye Taşlığı
2468:
2452:
2436:
2349:
2341:
2301:
2210:
2202:
2131:
2017:
2009:
1918:
1791:
1745:
1733:
1671:
1596:
1585:
1522:The Third Courtyard, depiction from the
1517:
1448:) is the entrance into the Inner Court (
1427:
1419:
1339:
1265:
1218:
1210:
1163:
1112:
1109:Palace kitchens and porcelain collection
1004:
996:
988:
781:
575:
564:
520:
6533:İstanbul State Art and Sculpture Museum
6441:
4226:
3704:Filiz Pcafgman (Author), J. M. Rogers.
3556:
2641:, while the clocks are a gift of Queen
2498:), leads to the Hospital of the Harem (
1235:—consisting of the Grand Vizier (
945:The Imperial Mint of the Ottoman Empire
6940:
4708:
4239:
3977:
3767:
3685:
3614:
2974:) and in 1638–1639 the Baghdad Kiosk (
2884:
2649:including the room with the fountain (
2404:
2389:The dormitories of the Harem eunuchs (
2006:Enderûn Library (Library of Ahmed III)
877:, constructed in 1727), the church of
364:. From the 1460s to the completion of
345:'Cannon Gate Palace'), or the
6851:Natural History Museum of İhsan Ketin
6415:
6316:
6141:
5425:
5364:"WOW Topkapı Palace in Kundu-Antalya"
4924:Baker, Patricia; Ahmet Ertug (1996).
4648:
4642:
4541:
4528:
3887:
3706:The Topkapi Saray Museum: Manuscripts
3531:Topkapi : The Palace of Felicity
2877:), and the apartments of the Sultan (
2557:Baths of the Sultan with gilded grill
2083:
619:After Sultan Mehmed II's conquest of
584:The palace complex is located on the
387:. Topkapı was originally called the "
383:, began in 1459, six years after the
6978:Buildings and structures in Istanbul
6953:Houses completed in the 15th century
6872:Bakırköy Psychiatric Hospital Museum
6171:imperial palaces and residencies in
4628:. New York: Sotheby's Publications.
4576:
4000:
3645:Topkapi Saray Museum 50 Masterpieces
3381:
3166:The square Tower of the Head Tutor (
3059:(charcoal stove), a present of King
2921:
2906:), also known as the Imperial Sofa (
2808:Gözdeler / Mabeyn Taşlığı ve Dairesi
2518:The Apartments of the Queen Mother (
2277:Gate of Carts/Domed Cupboard Chamber
1704:adding citations to reliable sources
1675:
1335:
1297:is, however, decorated with Ottoman
1231:) building is the chamber where the
1101:in 1587, during the reign of Sultan
505:, a group of sites in Istanbul that
379:Construction, ordered by the Sultan
372:, and was the main residence of its
323:
65:View of the Topkapı Palace from the
51:
5451:
3493:. London: Thames & Hudson Ltd.
2897:
2026:The Neo-classical Enderûn Library (
1750:Hallway of the Conqueror's Pavilion
1581:
1415:
1200:
984:
901:. The Fountain of the Executioner (
13:
4928:. Istanbul: Ertug & Kocabiyik.
3944:
3659:The Topkapi Saray Museum: Textiles
3488:
3250:Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
2993:. Both are based on the classical
2873:), the apartments of the Princes (
2108:The Dormitory of the Royal Pages (
1513:
1486:The Sultan used this gate and the
1386:
856:
14:
7024:
6573:Museum of Turkish Calligraphy Art
6366:Sultan Ahmed Mosque (Blue Mosque)
5385:
5027:İpşiroğlu, Mazhar Şevket (1980).
4806:"III. Courtyard / Enderun Avlusu"
4213:The Encyclopedia of World History
3908:. Cambridge: MIT Press. pp.
3832:. Akşit Kültür Turizm Yayınları.
3804:. Istanbul. 1994. ASIN B000MPGBGK
3688:The Topkapı Saray Museum: Carpets
3538:İpşiroğlu, Mazhar Şevket (1980).
3528:
3491:A History of Ottoman Architecture
3267:
2938:Entrance of the Circumcision Room
2930:Interior of the Circumcision Room
2806:The Courtyard of the Favourites (
2705:The Fruit Room with painted walls
2610:Dome ceiling of the Imperial Hall
2022:İznik tiles decorate the interior
1951:from the 4th century, written in
1534:), also called the Inner Palace (
1207:Imperial Council (Ottoman Empire)
16:Palace museum in Istanbul, Turkey
6983:Government of the Ottoman Empire
6968:Historic house museums in Turkey
6599:Adam Mickiewicz Museum, Istanbul
6523:Istanbul Contemporary Art Museum
6301:
6120:
6119:
6107:
5292:"IV. Courtyard / Sofa-i Hümayun"
4577:Chen, Yuan Julian (2021-10-11).
3830:The Mystery of the Ottoman Harem
3647:. Turkish Press. ASIN B000VHIQCG
3439:
3425:
3295:
3124:Sofa Köşku / Merdiven Başı Kasrı
3101:
3024:
3000:
2759:Çifte Kasırlar / Veliahd Dairesi
2593:
2257:), which the Gate of Carriages (
2136:Privy Chamber from the courtyard
2127:
1680:
1223:Interior of the Imperial Council
1215:Interior of the Imperial Council
1189:(1644–1911). The pieces include
1025:quarters, stables, the imperial
1009:Entrance of the Imperial Council
965:
950:
938:
926:
914:
777:
765:
753:
737:
721:
709:
700:, constructed in 1592 by Sultan
623:(known since 1930 in English as
59:
6558:Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum
6454:Archaeology and history museums
5356:
5338:
5313:
5284:
5275:
5266:
5245:
5236:
5227:
5218:
5195:
5186:
5163:
5130:
5121:
5112:
5083:
5074:
5059:
5045:
5020:
5003:
4932:
4908:
4899:
4890:
4881:
4872:
4863:
4854:
4845:
4836:
4827:
4798:
4789:
4780:
4747:
4702:
4693:
4583:Journal of Early Modern History
4570:
4519:
4510:
4501:
4492:
4483:
4454:
4417:
4392:
4383:
4374:
4365:
4356:
4347:
4318:
4309:
4295:
4286:
4269:"Bâb-ı Hümâyûn / Imperial Gate"
4260:
4201:
4192:
4171:
4162:
4153:
4132:
4123:
4114:
4105:
4074:
3734:The Harem of the Topkapi Palace
3638:Topkapi: The Palace of Felicity
3196:
3122:The rectilinear Terrace Kiosk (
2802:The Courtyard of the Favourites
2114:Padişah Portreleri Sergi Salonu
2064:The library contained books on
1796:Door to the Imperial Treasury (
1691:needs additional citations for
1661:Padişhah Elbiseleri Koleksiyonu
1626:Cornelius Duplicius de Schepper
1239:) and other council ministers (
841:of the sultans. The tughras of
459:Ministry of Culture and Tourism
7008:World Heritage Sites in Turkey
6917:Museum of the Princes' Islands
6789:Science and technology museums
4943:. Istanbul: MAS Publications.
4939:Topkapi Palace Museum (2001).
4462:"II. Courtyard / Divan Square"
4240:Simons, Marlise (1993-08-22).
4062:
4033:
3971:
3926:
3895:
3877:
3850:
3477:Military of the Ottoman Empire
3208:
3118:Tulip Garden and Terrace Kiosk
3066:
2840:
2829:The favourites of the sultan (
2745:Outside view of the Twin Kiosk
2506:Apartments of the Queen Mother
1915:Miniature and Portrait Gallery
1742:) houses the Imperial Treasury
1424:Detail of the Gate of Felicity
716:Overview map of the courtyards
629:Great Palace of Constantinople
1:
6826:SantralIstanbul Energy Museum
6645:Orhan Kemal Literature Museum
6640:Hüseyin Rahmi Gürpınar Museum
6614:Florya Atatürk Marine Mansion
5346:"Full story - Norwaynews.com"
5031:. London: Thames and Hudson.
4326:"I. Courtyard / Alay Meydanı"
3843:
3755:Palace of Topkapi in Istanbul
3482:
3172:Hekimbaşı Odası ve ilk eczane
3110:Interior of the Terrace Kiosk
2946:added the Circumcision Room (
2433:Courtyard of the Queen Mother
2298:Hall of the Ablution Fountain
1763:
612:of the ancient Greek city of
399:) to distinguish it from the
6466:Museum of the Ancient Orient
6461:Istanbul Archaeology Museums
6371:Hippodrome of Constantinople
5961:İstanbul Archaeology Museums
5941:Edirnekapı Martyr's Cemetery
5931:Bulgarian St. Stephen Church
3657:Hulya Tezcan, J. M. Rogers.
3313:Istanbul Archaeology Museums
2346:The Courtyard of the Eunuchs
2104:Dormitory of the royal pages
1563:. The best could become the
1393:Silah Seksiyonu Sergi Salonu
1001:Roof of the Imperial Council
748:from Harem of Topkapı Palace
334:
7:
6993:Ottoman palaces in Istanbul
6758:Galata Mevlevi House Museum
6655:Sait Faik Abasıyanık Museum
4007:ZEYNEP TARIM ERTUĞ (2012).
3418:
2794:Courtyard of the Favourites
2473:Courtyard of the Concubines
2457:The Passage of Concubines (
1567:or high-ranking officials.
529:The name of the palace was
88:Royal residence (1478–1853)
10:
7029:
6816:Kandilli Earthquake Museum
6811:Kandilli Earthquake Museum
6471:Great Palace Mosaic Museum
4713:. Güzel Sanatlar Matbaasi.
4017:Turkiye Diyanet Foundation
3615:Misugi, Takatoshi (1981).
3579:. MAS Publications. 2001.
2717:Privy Chamber of Ahmed III
2657:Privy Chamber of Murat III
2586:for decoration in his new
2563:Hünkâr ve Vâlide Hamamları
2494:called the "Forty Steps" (
2244:, the Chief Harem Eunuch (
1738:The Conqueror's Pavilion (
1204:
1168:The palace kitchen section
821:, meaning "Royal Gate" in
560:
503:Historic Areas of Istanbul
385:conquest of Constantinople
263:Historic Areas of Istanbul
252:UNESCO World Heritage Site
18:
6859:
6788:
6745:
6689:
6663:
6627:
6591:
6505:
6479:
6453:
6351:
6299:
6179:
6101:
6063:
6032:
6016:
5913:
5667:
5463:
4711:The Topkapi Palace Museum
4663:10.1017/S0035869X00139127
4595:10.1163/15700658-bja10030
4242:"Center of Ottoman Power"
4081:Necipoğlu, Gülru (1991).
3980:"2006 Periodic Reporting"
3902:Necipoğlu, Gülru (1991).
3889:[ˈtopkapɯsaɾaˈjɯ]
3857:Afife Batur, ed. (2006).
3590:Necipoğlu, Gülru (1991).
3557:Goodwin, Godfrey (2000).
3406:
3033:Interior of Baghdad Kiosk
2861:) and the Privy Chamber (
2545:Osman III dated to 1754.
1834:had this dagger made for
1181:(1280–1368), through the
1086:Zülüflü Baltacılar Koğuşu
1075:Beşir Ağa Camii ve Hamamı
1056:Philippe du Fresne-Canaye
465:and the treasury, called
455:end of the Ottoman Empire
300:
288:
278:
268:
258:
249:
245:
240:
222:
217:
209:
201:
196:
188:
180:
172:
164:
125:
114:
100:
82:
77:
73:
58:
37:
32:
6619:İsmet İnönü House Museum
6583:Madame Tussauds Istanbul
6578:Museum of World Costumes
6040:Cağaloğlu Anadolu Lisesi
5009:"Topkapi Palace", 2005,
4431:(in Turkish). 2021-04-09
4045:www.topkapisarayi.gov.tr
4015:(in Turkish). Istanbul:
3743:. Harry N Abrams. 1986.
3708:. Bulfinch Press. 1986.
3675:. Bulfinch Press. 1988.
3661:. Bulfinch Press. 1986.
3352:
2697:Privy Chamber of Ahmed I
2399:Darüssaade Ağasi Dairesi
2338:Courtyard of the Eunuchs
2198:
2146:Kutsal Emanetler Dairesi
2088:The Mosque of the Ağas (
1815:, consisting of an iron
1314:Celalzade Mustafa Çelebi
760:The Seraglio Point, 1838
664:Suleyman the Magnificent
489:, religious relics, and
415:. It was given the name
274:Cultural: i, ii, iii, iv
6927:Women's Museum İstanbul
6867:The Museum of Innocence
6841:Istanbul Zoology Museum
6775:Jewish Museum of Turkey
6506:Culture and art museums
6343:Proximate landmarks of
6024:Sirkeci railway station
4267:Topkapı Palace Museum.
4071:. Retrieved 30 May 2015
3757:. 1970. ASIN B000NP64Z2
3575:Topkapi Palace Museum.
3516:Grove Dictionary of Art
3336:Sirkeci railway station
2269:in an Italian-inspired
2215:Tiled room inside Harem
1959:by the Turkish admiral
1927:, located in the palace
1479:above the entrance and
798:avenue, known today as
516:
491:illuminated manuscripts
229:, Alaüddin, Davud Ağa,
218:Design and construction
149:41.013000°N 28.984000°E
6922:TGC Press Media Museum
6592:Historic house museums
5971:Mihrimah Sultan Mosque
4860:Necipoğlu, pp. 109–110
4851:Necipoğlu, pp. 100–101
3885:Turkish pronunciation:
3768:Claire, Karaz (2004).
3401:Anders Behring Breivik
3362:
3277:
3245:
3218:
3163:
3119:
3111:
3076:
3034:
3014:
3013:) of the Yerevan Kiosk
2939:
2931:
2902:The Fourth Courtyard (
2867:Valide Sultan Taşlığı’
2850:
2803:
2754:
2746:
2706:
2666:
2611:
2603:
2558:
2515:
2474:
2446:
2419:Kadınefendiler Taşlığı
2355:
2347:
2307:
2216:
2208:
2137:
2032:III. Ahmed Kütüphanesi
2023:
2015:
1928:
1801:
1751:
1743:
1602:
1594:
1593:, the Audience Chamber
1527:
1464:(meaning "outside" in
1440:The Gate of Felicity (
1437:
1432:The Gate of Felicity (
1425:
1345:
1271:
1227:The Imperial Council (
1224:
1216:
1169:
1118:
1061:The imperial stables (
1010:
1002:
994:
818:
791:
692:), pavilions, kiosks (
581:
573:
547:Topkapusu Sâhil Sarâyı
526:
463:Ottoman Imperial Harem
315:
43:
6902:MSA Gastronomy Museum
6690:Palaces and pavilions
6234:Hatice Sultan Mansion
5296:Topkapı Palace Museum
5095:Topkapı Palace Museum
4941:The Imperial Treasury
4810:Topkapı Palace Museum
4709:Erkins, Ziya (1960).
4466:Topkapı Palace Museum
4330:Topkapı Palace Museum
3957:World Digital Library
3786:Sabahattin Turkoglu.
3686:Rogers, J.M. (1987).
3577:The Imperial Treasury
3391:1999 İzmit earthquake
3360:
3275:
3243:
3233:constructed it in an
3216:
3185:The Chief Physician (
3161:
3117:
3109:
3074:
3032:
3008:
2937:
2929:
2859:Harem Ağaları Taşlığı
2848:
2801:
2752:
2744:
2704:
2669:The Privy Chamber of
2664:
2639:Wilhelm II of Germany
2609:
2601:
2556:
2520:Valide Sultan Dairesi
2513:
2472:
2453:Passage of Concubines
2443:Valide Sultan Dairesi
2440:
2360:Harem Ağaları Taşlığı
2353:
2345:
2305:
2214:
2206:
2135:
2021:
2013:
1922:
1867:Nicholas II of Russia
1795:
1749:
1737:
1672:The Imperial Treasury
1600:
1589:
1542:), the treasury, the
1521:
1431:
1423:
1391:The arms collection (
1343:
1269:
1222:
1214:
1205:Further information:
1167:
1121:The palace kitchens (
1116:
1008:
1000:
992:
808:Fountain of Ahmed III
785:
635:), today the site of
579:
568:
531:Saray-i Cedid-i Amire
524:
397:Saray-ı Cedîd-i Âmire
94:Museum (1924–present)
6780:Pammakaristos Church
6697:Aynalıkavak Pavilion
6563:Sadberk Hanım Museum
6553:Sakıp Sabancı Museum
6239:Ibrahim Pasha Palace
6194:Aynalıkavak Pavilion
6055:Kadir Has University
6045:Istanbul High School
5976:Rüstem Pasha Medrese
5321:"Konyalı Restaurant"
4990:Smithsonian Magazine
4869:Necipoğlu, pp. 98–99
4795:Necipoğlu, pp. 89–90
4507:Necipoğlu, pp. 74–75
4489:Necipoğlu, pp. 64–66
4315:Necipoğlu, pp. 38–39
4168:Necipoğlu, pp. 16–17
4139:Bilkent University.
3940:on 24 February 2021.
3673:Topkapi Saray Museum
3489:G., Goodwin (2003).
3467:Ottoman architecture
2875:Şehzadegân Daireleri
2723:III. Ahmed Has Odası
2675:III. Murad Has Odası
2391:Harem Ağaları Koğuşu
1891:in the holy city of
1874:Spoonmaker's Diamond
1851:Sedekhar Mehmed Agha
1700:improve this article
1454:meaning "inside" in
1328:pediments evoke the
1145:(women's quarters),
1017:), or Divan Square (
641:Critobulus of Imbros
471:Spoonmaker's Diamond
409:Sarây-ı Atîk-i Âmire
381:Mehmed the Conqueror
165:Construction started
154:41.013000; 28.984000
6988:Museums in Istanbul
6963:Tourism in Istanbul
6958:Landmarks in Turkey
6912:Ottoman Bank Museum
6892:Istanbul UFO Museum
6887:İstanbul Toy Museum
6821:Rahmi M. Koç Museum
6224:Esma Sultan Mansion
6189:Atiye Sultan Palace
6184:Adile Sultan Palace
6050:Istanbul University
5986:Sultan Ahmed Mosque
5404: /
4699:Misugi, pp. 215–235
3732:Zeynep M. Durukan.
3514:Turner, J. (ed.) -
3433:Architecture portal
3332:Basketmakers' Kiosk
3142:, the prayer room (
3085:İftariye Kameriyesi
3061:Louis XIV of France
3037:The Baghdad Kiosk (
3017:The Yerevan Kiosk (
2954:) dedicated to the
2950:), a summer kiosk (
2885:Aviary / Harem Gate
2831:Gözdeler / İkballer
2614:The Imperial Hall (
2588:Sultan Ahmed Mosque
2409:The main entrance (
2405:Harem main entrance
2160:which are known as
2028:Enderûn Kütüphanesi
2002:among many others.
1546:and the library of
1407:swords, as well as
1185:(1368–1644) to the
1177:(960-1279) and the
831:Ottoman calligraphy
786:The Imperial Gate (
728:Painting of Sultan
698:Basketmakers' Kiosk
637:Istanbul University
539:Imperial New Palace
537:: سراى جديد عامره,
511:World Heritage Site
145: /
101:Architectural style
78:General information
6882:Galatasaray Museum
6846:ITU Science Center
6801:Hasanpaşa Gasworks
6396:Süleymaniye Mosque
6381:Theodosius Cistern
6281:Vahdettin Pavilion
5650:Yavuz Sultan Selim
5350:www.norwaynews.com
5272:Davis, pp. 253–256
5233:Davis, pp. 243–244
5192:Davis, pp. 232–233
5127:Davis, pp. 218–221
4247:The New York Times
3860:Historic peninsula
3788:The Topkapi Palace
3363:
3278:
3246:
3219:
3164:
3128:Mustafa Paşa Köşkü
3120:
3112:
3077:
3035:
3015:
2940:
2932:
2851:
2818:) and Favourites (
2804:
2775:The crown prince (
2755:
2747:
2711:I. Ahmed Has Odası
2707:
2667:
2612:
2604:
2559:
2516:
2475:
2447:
2384:Musahipler Dairesi
2356:
2348:
2308:
2217:
2209:
2184:for this purpose.
2138:
2098:Sarayı Kütüphanesi
2084:Mosque of the Ağas
2074:Topkapi manuscript
2024:
2016:
1929:
1878:Napoleon Bonaparte
1802:
1752:
1744:
1603:
1595:
1528:
1438:
1426:
1346:
1304:The Sultan or the
1272:
1225:
1217:
1170:
1119:
1079:chief black eunuch
1011:
1003:
995:
792:
582:
574:
527:
525:Gate of Salutation
495:Topkapi manuscript
6973:Asian art museums
6935:
6934:
6877:Fenerbahçe Museum
6746:Religious museums
6707:Dolmabahçe Palace
6702:Beylerbeyi Palace
6650:Piyer Loti Museum
6497:Yedikule Fortress
6409:
6408:
6310:
6309:
6294:
6277:
6209:Dolmabahçe Palace
6199:Beylerbeyi Palace
6135:
6134:
6114:Turkey portal
6008:Yedikule Fortress
5951:Firuz Agha Mosque
5408:41.013°N 28.984°E
5148:Necipoğlu, p. 178
5136:Necipoğlu, p. 177
4905:Necipoğlu, p. 101
4878:Necipoğlu, p. 100
4026:978-975-389-713-6
3824:978-1-59784-141-2
3796:978-975-479-074-0
3779:978-975-6663-49-3
3749:978-0-8109-1505-3
3728:978-0-85667-184-5
3714:978-0-8212-1633-0
3681:978-0-8212-1672-9
3667:978-0-8212-1634-7
3455:Dolmabahçe Palace
3382:Security concerns
2922:Circumcision Room
2853:The Golden Road (
2837:) of the sultan.
2812:Şimşirlik Bahçesi
2162:the Sacred Trusts
1990:Surname-ı Hümayun
1933:Müzesi Müdüriyeti
1756:Conqueror's Kiosk
1732:
1731:
1724:
1336:Imperial Treasury
957:Byzantine Church
673:was entrusted by
580:Inside the Harem.
448:Dolmabahçe Palace
442:. In 1856 Sultan
366:Dolmabahçe Palace
344:
332:
304:
303:
202:Structural system
197:Technical details
7020:
6766:
6717:Küçüksu Pavilion
6712:Ihlamur Pavilion
6664:Military museums
6628:Literary museums
6543:Rezan Has Museum
6513:Ara Güler Museum
6436:
6429:
6422:
6413:
6412:
6376:Basilica Cistern
6337:
6330:
6323:
6314:
6313:
6305:
6288:
6271:
6254:Küçüksu Pavilion
6244:Ihlamur Pavilion
6162:
6155:
6148:
6139:
6138:
6123:
6122:
6112:
6111:
6110:
6081:Topkapı—Ulubatlı
5800:Küçükmustafapaşa
5579:Mimar Kemalettin
5561:Koca Mustafapaşa
5446:
5439:
5432:
5423:
5422:
5419:
5418:
5416:
5415:
5414:
5409:
5405:
5402:
5401:
5400:
5397:
5379:
5378:
5376:
5375:
5366:. Archived from
5360:
5354:
5353:
5342:
5336:
5335:
5333:
5332:
5323:. Archived from
5317:
5311:
5310:
5308:
5307:
5298:. Archived from
5288:
5282:
5279:
5273:
5270:
5264:
5261:
5252:
5249:
5243:
5240:
5234:
5231:
5225:
5222:
5216:
5213:
5202:
5199:
5193:
5190:
5184:
5181:
5170:
5167:
5161:
5158:
5149:
5146:
5137:
5134:
5128:
5125:
5119:
5116:
5110:
5109:
5107:
5106:
5097:. Archived from
5087:
5081:
5078:
5072:
5071:
5063:
5057:
5056:
5049:
5043:
5042:
5024:
5018:
5007:
5001:
5000:
4998:
4997:
4982:
4955:
4954:
4936:
4930:
4929:
4921:
4915:
4912:
4906:
4903:
4897:
4894:
4888:
4887:Karaz, pp. 47–48
4885:
4879:
4876:
4870:
4867:
4861:
4858:
4852:
4849:
4843:
4842:Necipoğlu, p. 95
4840:
4834:
4833:Necipoğlu, p. 90
4831:
4825:
4824:
4822:
4821:
4812:. Archived from
4802:
4796:
4793:
4787:
4786:Necipoğlu, p. 88
4784:
4778:
4777:Necipoğlu, p. 87
4775:
4766:
4765:Necipoğlu, p. 86
4763:
4754:
4753:Necipoğlu, p. 85
4751:
4745:
4742:
4736:
4735:Necipoğlu, p. 83
4733:
4724:
4723:Necipoğlu, p. 82
4721:
4715:
4714:
4706:
4700:
4697:
4691:
4690:
4646:
4640:
4639:
4621:
4615:
4614:
4574:
4568:
4567:
4539:
4526:
4525:Necipoğlu, p. 72
4523:
4517:
4516:Necipoğlu, p. 70
4514:
4508:
4505:
4499:
4498:Necipoğlu, p. 73
4496:
4490:
4487:
4481:
4480:
4478:
4477:
4468:. Archived from
4458:
4452:
4451:Necipoğlu, p. 53
4449:
4440:
4439:
4437:
4436:
4421:
4415:
4414:
4412:
4411:
4396:
4390:
4389:Davis, pp. 26–27
4387:
4381:
4380:Necipoğlu, p. 50
4378:
4372:
4371:Necipoğlu, p. 51
4369:
4363:
4362:Necipoğlu, p. 44
4360:
4354:
4353:Necipoğlu, p. 46
4351:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4341:
4332:. Archived from
4322:
4316:
4313:
4307:
4299:
4293:
4292:Necipoğlu, p. 36
4290:
4284:
4283:
4281:
4280:
4271:. Archived from
4264:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4254:
4237:
4224:
4223:
4221:
4220:
4205:
4199:
4196:
4190:
4189:Necipoğlu, p. 23
4187:
4178:
4177:Necipoğlu, p. 20
4175:
4169:
4166:
4160:
4159:Necipoğlu, p. 15
4157:
4151:
4150:
4148:
4147:
4136:
4130:
4127:
4121:
4118:
4112:
4109:
4103:
4102:
4078:
4072:
4066:
4060:
4059:
4057:
4056:
4047:. Archived from
4037:
4031:
4030:
4009:"Topkapı sarayı"
4004:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3984:
3975:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3948:
3942:
3941:
3936:. Archived from
3930:
3924:
3923:
3899:
3893:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3875:
3874:
3854:
3783:
3701:
3630:
3611:
3572:
3553:
3534:
3504:
3449:
3444:
3443:
3442:
3435:
3430:
3429:
3347:Procession Kiosk
3201:A stone throne (
2942:In 1640, Sultan
2898:Fourth Courtyard
2790:century onward.
2487:Kalfalar Dairesi
2380:Darüssaade Ağası
2247:Darüssaade Ağası
2172:, the turban of
2078:Uthman Ibn Affan
1905:John the Baptist
1882:Letizia Ramolino
1768:
1765:
1727:
1720:
1716:
1713:
1707:
1684:
1676:
1582:Audience Chamber
1500:Bâbüssaâde Ağası
1416:Gate of Felicity
1233:Imperial Council
1201:Imperial Council
1123:Saray Mutfakları
985:Second Courtyard
969:
954:
942:
930:
918:
875:Darphane-i Âmire
769:
757:
741:
725:
713:
602:Bosphorus Strait
596:overlooking the
570:Sultan Mehmed II
509:recognised as a
499:Turkish military
479:Ottoman clothing
339:
337:
327:
325:
160:
159:
157:
156:
155:
150:
146:
143:
142:
141:
138:
63:
53:
30:
29:
7028:
7027:
7023:
7022:
7021:
7019:
7018:
7017:
6938:
6937:
6936:
6931:
6855:
6784:
6760:
6741:
6722:Maslak Pavilion
6685:
6676:Military Museum
6671:Aviation Museum
6659:
6623:
6587:
6548:SantralIstanbul
6528:İstanbul Modern
6518:Doğançay Museum
6501:
6475:
6449:
6440:
6410:
6405:
6347:
6341:
6311:
6306:
6297:
6259:Maslak Pavilion
6175:
6166:
6136:
6131:
6108:
6106:
6097:
6059:
6028:
6012:
5909:
5663:
5576:Mimar Hayrettin
5536:Hoca Gıyasettin
5459:
5450:
5412:
5410:
5406:
5403:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5391:
5390:
5388:
5383:
5382:
5373:
5371:
5362:
5361:
5357:
5344:
5343:
5339:
5330:
5328:
5319:
5318:
5314:
5305:
5303:
5290:
5289:
5285:
5280:
5276:
5271:
5267:
5262:
5255:
5250:
5246:
5241:
5237:
5232:
5228:
5223:
5219:
5214:
5205:
5200:
5196:
5191:
5187:
5182:
5173:
5168:
5164:
5159:
5152:
5147:
5140:
5135:
5131:
5126:
5122:
5117:
5113:
5104:
5102:
5089:
5088:
5084:
5079:
5075:
5064:
5060:
5051:
5050:
5046:
5039:
5025:
5021:
5008:
5004:
4995:
4993:
4992:. February 2000
4984:
4983:
4958:
4951:
4937:
4933:
4922:
4918:
4913:
4909:
4904:
4900:
4895:
4891:
4886:
4882:
4877:
4873:
4868:
4864:
4859:
4855:
4850:
4846:
4841:
4837:
4832:
4828:
4819:
4817:
4804:
4803:
4799:
4794:
4790:
4785:
4781:
4776:
4769:
4764:
4757:
4752:
4748:
4743:
4739:
4734:
4727:
4722:
4718:
4707:
4703:
4698:
4694:
4647:
4643:
4636:
4622:
4618:
4575:
4571:
4540:
4529:
4524:
4520:
4515:
4511:
4506:
4502:
4497:
4493:
4488:
4484:
4475:
4473:
4460:
4459:
4455:
4450:
4443:
4434:
4432:
4423:
4422:
4418:
4409:
4407:
4398:
4397:
4393:
4388:
4384:
4379:
4375:
4370:
4366:
4361:
4357:
4352:
4348:
4339:
4337:
4324:
4323:
4319:
4314:
4310:
4300:
4296:
4291:
4287:
4278:
4276:
4265:
4261:
4252:
4250:
4238:
4227:
4218:
4216:
4207:
4206:
4202:
4198:Necipoğlu, p. 4
4197:
4193:
4188:
4181:
4176:
4172:
4167:
4163:
4158:
4154:
4145:
4143:
4137:
4133:
4129:Necipoğlu, p. 6
4128:
4124:
4120:Necipoğlu, p. 9
4119:
4115:
4111:Necipoğlu, p. 8
4110:
4106:
4099:
4079:
4075:
4067:
4063:
4054:
4052:
4039:
4038:
4034:
4027:
4005:
4001:
3992:
3990:
3982:
3978:ICOMOS (2006).
3976:
3972:
3963:
3961:
3950:
3949:
3945:
3932:
3931:
3927:
3920:
3900:
3896:
3884:
3882:
3878:
3871:
3855:
3851:
3846:
3814:Ilber Ortaylı.
3780:
3698:
3627:
3608:
3569:
3550:
3501:
3485:
3445:
3440:
3438:
3431:
3424:
3421:
3409:
3384:
3355:
3298:
3270:
3211:
3199:
3156:
3104:
3069:
3027:
3003:
2924:
2900:
2887:
2849:The Golden Road
2843:
2796:
2739:
2719:
2699:
2659:
2630:and mirrors of
2596:
2551:
2508:
2500:Harem Hastanesi
2467:
2459:Cariye Koridoru
2455:
2435:
2407:
2340:
2312:Şadirvanli Sofa
2300:
2283:Arabalar Kapısı
2279:
2271:Ottoman Baroque
2259:Arabalar Kapısı
2225:Harem-i Hümayûn
2201:
2130:
2106:
2086:
2008:
1994:Surname-ı Vehbi
1970:Gentile Bellini
1957:first world map
1925:Surname-ı Vehbi
1923:Scene from the
1917:
1766:
1728:
1717:
1711:
1708:
1697:
1685:
1674:
1584:
1516:
1514:Third Courtyard
1477:Qur'anic verses
1418:
1397:Ottoman weapons
1389:
1387:Arms collection
1374:Palace Basilica
1338:
1251:the periods of
1229:Dîvân-ı Hümâyûn
1209:
1203:
1195:Imari porcelain
1111:
1077:), who was the
987:
976:
970:
961:
955:
946:
943:
934:
931:
922:
919:
859:
857:First Courtyard
827:Saltanat Kapısı
780:
773:
770:
761:
758:
749:
742:
733:
726:
717:
714:
675:Sultan Selim II
627:) in 1453, the
563:
545:'s reign; when
519:
425:1509 earthquake
320:Ottoman Turkish
254:
184:Ottoman sultans
153:
151:
147:
144:
139:
136:
134:
132:
131:
69:
54:
48:Ottoman Turkish
46:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7026:
7016:
7015:
7010:
7005:
7000:
6995:
6990:
6985:
6980:
6975:
6970:
6965:
6960:
6955:
6950:
6948:Topkapı Palace
6933:
6932:
6930:
6929:
6924:
6919:
6914:
6909:
6904:
6899:
6894:
6889:
6884:
6879:
6874:
6869:
6863:
6861:
6857:
6856:
6854:
6853:
6848:
6843:
6838:
6836:Railway Museum
6833:
6828:
6823:
6818:
6813:
6808:
6803:
6798:
6792:
6790:
6786:
6785:
6783:
6782:
6777:
6772:
6767:
6755:
6749:
6747:
6743:
6742:
6740:
6739:
6734:
6732:Topkapı Palace
6729:
6724:
6719:
6714:
6709:
6704:
6699:
6693:
6691:
6687:
6686:
6684:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6667:
6665:
6661:
6660:
6658:
6657:
6652:
6647:
6642:
6637:
6631:
6629:
6625:
6624:
6622:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6609:Atatürk Museum
6606:
6601:
6595:
6593:
6589:
6588:
6586:
6585:
6580:
6575:
6570:
6565:
6560:
6555:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6535:
6530:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6509:
6507:
6503:
6502:
6500:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6483:
6481:
6477:
6476:
6474:
6473:
6468:
6463:
6457:
6455:
6451:
6450:
6439:
6438:
6431:
6424:
6416:
6407:
6406:
6404:
6403:
6401:Topkapı Palace
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6358:
6352:
6349:
6348:
6340:
6339:
6332:
6325:
6317:
6308:
6307:
6300:
6298:
6296:
6295:
6283:
6278:
6269:Topkapı Palace
6266:
6261:
6256:
6251:
6249:Khedive Palace
6246:
6241:
6236:
6231:
6226:
6221:
6216:
6211:
6206:
6204:Çırağan Palace
6201:
6196:
6191:
6186:
6180:
6177:
6176:
6165:
6164:
6157:
6150:
6142:
6133:
6132:
6130:
6129:
6117:
6102:
6099:
6098:
6096:
6095:
6089:
6084:
6078:
6073:
6067:
6065:
6064:Metro Stations
6061:
6060:
6058:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6036:
6034:
6030:
6029:
6027:
6026:
6020:
6018:
6014:
6013:
6011:
6010:
6005:
6004:
6003:
5996:Topkapı Palace
5993:
5988:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5968:
5963:
5958:
5953:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5921:Beyazıt Square
5917:
5915:
5911:
5910:
5908:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5671:
5669:
5665:
5664:
5662:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5648:
5645:
5640:
5635:
5632:
5629:
5626:
5623:
5620:
5617:
5614:
5611:
5608:
5605:
5602:
5599:
5596:
5593:
5590:
5585:
5580:
5577:
5574:
5571:
5568:
5565:
5564:Küçük Ayasofya
5562:
5559:
5556:
5553:
5548:
5545:
5540:
5537:
5534:
5531:
5528:
5525:
5522:
5519:
5516:
5513:
5510:
5507:
5504:
5501:
5498:
5493:
5490:
5485:
5482:
5479:
5476:
5473:
5467:
5465:
5464:Neighbourhoods
5461:
5460:
5449:
5448:
5441:
5434:
5426:
5413:41.013; 28.984
5387:
5386:External links
5384:
5381:
5380:
5355:
5337:
5312:
5283:
5274:
5265:
5253:
5244:
5235:
5226:
5217:
5203:
5194:
5185:
5171:
5162:
5150:
5138:
5129:
5120:
5118:Davis, p. 212.
5111:
5082:
5073:
5070:(iv): 318–355.
5058:
5044:
5037:
5019:
5002:
4956:
4949:
4931:
4916:
4907:
4898:
4889:
4880:
4871:
4862:
4853:
4844:
4835:
4826:
4797:
4788:
4779:
4767:
4755:
4746:
4737:
4725:
4716:
4701:
4692:
4641:
4634:
4616:
4589:(5): 422–456.
4569:
4544:Ars Orientalis
4527:
4518:
4509:
4500:
4491:
4482:
4453:
4441:
4416:
4391:
4382:
4373:
4364:
4355:
4346:
4317:
4308:
4294:
4285:
4259:
4225:
4200:
4191:
4179:
4170:
4161:
4152:
4131:
4122:
4113:
4104:
4097:
4073:
4061:
4032:
4025:
3999:
3970:
3943:
3925:
3918:
3910:278 (Plate 13)
3894:
3876:
3869:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3841:
3840:
3826:
3816:Topkapi Palace
3812:
3805:
3802:Topkapi Palace
3798:
3784:
3778:
3765:
3762:Topkapi Palace
3758:
3751:
3737:
3730:
3716:
3702:
3696:
3683:
3669:
3655:
3650:J. M. Rogers.
3648:
3641:
3631:
3625:
3612:
3606:
3587:
3573:
3567:
3561:. Saqi Books.
3554:
3548:
3535:
3529:Ertug, Ahmet.
3526:
3512:
3509:Topkapi Palace
3505:
3499:
3484:
3481:
3480:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3458:
3451:
3450:
3436:
3420:
3417:
3408:
3405:
3383:
3380:
3354:
3351:
3297:
3294:
3290:Silahdar Köşkü
3276:Terrace Mosque
3269:
3268:Terrace Mosque
3266:
3254:Jackie Kennedy
3223:Mecidiye Köşkü
3210:
3207:
3198:
3195:
3168:Başlala Kulesi
3155:
3152:
3103:
3100:
3081:İftariye Köşkü
3068:
3065:
3026:
3023:
3002:
2999:
2995:four-iwan plan
2923:
2920:
2908:Sofa-ı Hümâyûn
2899:
2896:
2886:
2883:
2879:Hünkâr Dairesi
2842:
2839:
2795:
2792:
2738:
2735:
2718:
2715:
2698:
2695:
2658:
2655:
2632:Venetian glass
2595:
2592:
2550:
2547:
2507:
2504:
2466:
2463:
2454:
2451:
2434:
2431:
2423:Valide Taşlığı
2406:
2403:
2339:
2336:
2299:
2296:
2278:
2275:
2221:Imperial Harem
2200:
2197:
2170:Staff of Moses
2129:
2126:
2105:
2102:
2085:
2082:
2007:
2004:
1916:
1913:
1798:Hazine-i Âmire
1787:Hazine-i Âmire
1730:
1729:
1688:
1686:
1679:
1673:
1670:
1657:Seferli Koğuşu
1583:
1580:
1536:Enderûn Avlusu
1515:
1512:
1417:
1414:
1388:
1385:
1337:
1334:
1202:
1199:
1110:
1107:
1063:Istabl-ı Âmire
986:
983:
978:
977:
971:
964:
962:
956:
949:
947:
944:
937:
935:
932:
925:
923:
920:
913:
903:Cellat Çeşmesi
858:
855:
779:
776:
775:
774:
771:
764:
762:
759:
752:
750:
743:
736:
734:
727:
720:
718:
715:
708:
621:Constantinople
586:Seraglio Point
562:
559:
518:
515:
475:Topkapi Dagger
413:Beyazıt Square
370:Ottoman Empire
335:ṭopḳapu sarāyı
316:Topkapı Sarayı
308:Topkapı Palace
302:
301:
298:
297:
290:
286:
285:
280:
276:
275:
272:
266:
265:
260:
256:
255:
250:
247:
246:
243:
242:
238:
237:
224:
220:
219:
215:
214:
211:
207:
206:
203:
199:
198:
194:
193:
190:
186:
185:
182:
178:
177:
174:
170:
169:
166:
162:
161:
129:
123:
122:
116:
112:
111:
102:
98:
97:
96:
95:
92:
89:
84:
80:
79:
75:
74:
71:
70:
64:
56:
55:
44:Topkapı Sarayı
38:
35:
34:
33:Topkapı Palace
25:Topkapı, Fatih
21:Topkapi (film)
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7025:
7014:
7011:
7009:
7006:
7004:
7001:
6999:
6998:Ottoman court
6996:
6994:
6991:
6989:
6986:
6984:
6981:
6979:
6976:
6974:
6971:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6961:
6959:
6956:
6954:
6951:
6949:
6946:
6945:
6943:
6928:
6925:
6923:
6920:
6918:
6915:
6913:
6910:
6908:
6905:
6903:
6900:
6898:
6897:İşbank Museum
6895:
6893:
6890:
6888:
6885:
6883:
6880:
6878:
6875:
6873:
6870:
6868:
6865:
6864:
6862:
6860:Miscellaneous
6858:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6844:
6842:
6839:
6837:
6834:
6832:
6831:Postal Museum
6829:
6827:
6824:
6822:
6819:
6817:
6814:
6812:
6809:
6807:
6804:
6802:
6799:
6797:
6796:Camera Museum
6794:
6793:
6791:
6787:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6773:
6771:
6768:
6764:
6759:
6756:
6754:
6751:
6750:
6748:
6744:
6738:
6737:Yıldız Palace
6735:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6720:
6718:
6715:
6713:
6710:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6695:
6694:
6692:
6688:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6668:
6666:
6662:
6656:
6653:
6651:
6648:
6646:
6643:
6641:
6638:
6636:
6633:
6632:
6630:
6626:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6604:Aşiyan Museum
6602:
6600:
6597:
6596:
6594:
6590:
6584:
6581:
6579:
6576:
6574:
6571:
6569:
6566:
6564:
6561:
6559:
6556:
6554:
6551:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6539:
6536:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6510:
6508:
6504:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6487:Anadoluhisarı
6485:
6484:
6482:
6478:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6458:
6456:
6452:
6448:
6444:
6437:
6432:
6430:
6425:
6423:
6418:
6417:
6414:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6354:
6353:
6350:
6346:
6338:
6333:
6331:
6326:
6324:
6319:
6318:
6315:
6304:
6292:
6287:
6286:Yıldız Palace
6284:
6282:
6279:
6275:
6270:
6267:
6265:
6262:
6260:
6257:
6255:
6252:
6250:
6247:
6245:
6242:
6240:
6237:
6235:
6232:
6230:
6229:Feriye Palace
6227:
6225:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6214:Edirne Palace
6212:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6181:
6178:
6174:
6170:
6163:
6158:
6156:
6151:
6149:
6144:
6143:
6140:
6128:
6127:
6118:
6116:
6115:
6104:
6103:
6100:
6093:
6090:
6088:
6085:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6076:Emniyet—Fatih
6074:
6072:
6069:
6068:
6066:
6062:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6037:
6035:
6031:
6025:
6022:
6021:
6019:
6015:
6009:
6006:
6002:
5999:
5998:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5966:Laleli Mosque
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5926:Beyazıt Tower
5924:
5922:
5919:
5918:
5916:
5912:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5718:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5672:
5670:
5666:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5649:
5646:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5633:
5630:
5628:Sümbül Efendi
5627:
5624:
5621:
5618:
5615:
5612:
5609:
5606:
5603:
5600:
5597:
5595:Muhsine Hatun
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5578:
5575:
5572:
5569:
5566:
5563:
5560:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5538:
5535:
5532:
5530:Hırka-İ Şerif
5529:
5527:Haseki Sultan
5526:
5523:
5520:
5517:
5514:
5511:
5508:
5505:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5483:
5480:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5468:
5466:
5462:
5458:
5454:
5447:
5442:
5440:
5435:
5433:
5428:
5427:
5424:
5420:
5417:
5370:on 2011-08-01
5369:
5365:
5359:
5351:
5347:
5341:
5327:on 2020-12-01
5326:
5322:
5316:
5302:on 2008-04-04
5301:
5297:
5293:
5287:
5281:Davis, p. 209
5278:
5269:
5263:Davis, p. 249
5260:
5258:
5251:Davis, p. 248
5248:
5242:Davis, p. 247
5239:
5230:
5224:Davis, p. 243
5221:
5215:Davis, p. 237
5212:
5210:
5208:
5201:Davis, p. 233
5198:
5189:
5183:Davis, p. 231
5180:
5178:
5176:
5169:Davis, p. 223
5166:
5160:Davis, p. 222
5157:
5155:
5145:
5143:
5133:
5124:
5115:
5101:on 2008-04-03
5100:
5096:
5092:
5086:
5077:
5069:
5062:
5054:
5048:
5040:
5038:0-500-23323-3
5034:
5030:
5023:
5016:
5015:975-285-234-3
5012:
5006:
4991:
4987:
4981:
4979:
4977:
4975:
4973:
4971:
4969:
4967:
4965:
4963:
4961:
4952:
4950:975-7710-04-0
4946:
4942:
4935:
4927:
4920:
4914:Davis, p. 113
4911:
4902:
4896:Davis, p. 114
4893:
4884:
4875:
4866:
4857:
4848:
4839:
4830:
4816:on 2008-04-05
4815:
4811:
4807:
4801:
4792:
4783:
4774:
4772:
4762:
4760:
4750:
4741:
4732:
4730:
4720:
4712:
4705:
4696:
4688:
4684:
4680:
4676:
4672:
4668:
4664:
4660:
4656:
4652:
4645:
4637:
4635:0-85667-184-3
4631:
4627:
4620:
4612:
4608:
4604:
4600:
4596:
4592:
4588:
4584:
4580:
4573:
4565:
4561:
4557:
4553:
4549:
4545:
4538:
4536:
4534:
4532:
4522:
4513:
4504:
4495:
4486:
4472:on 2008-08-01
4471:
4467:
4463:
4457:
4448:
4446:
4430:
4426:
4420:
4405:
4401:
4395:
4386:
4377:
4368:
4359:
4350:
4336:on 2008-03-07
4335:
4331:
4327:
4321:
4312:
4306:
4305:
4298:
4289:
4275:on 2008-05-10
4274:
4270:
4263:
4249:
4248:
4243:
4236:
4234:
4232:
4230:
4214:
4210:
4204:
4195:
4186:
4184:
4174:
4165:
4156:
4142:
4135:
4126:
4117:
4108:
4100:
4098:0-262-14050-0
4094:
4090:
4086:
4085:
4077:
4070:
4065:
4051:on 2018-01-22
4050:
4046:
4042:
4036:
4028:
4022:
4018:
4014:
4010:
4003:
3988:
3981:
3974:
3959:
3958:
3953:
3947:
3939:
3935:
3929:
3921:
3919:0-262-14050-0
3915:
3911:
3907:
3906:
3898:
3890:
3880:
3872:
3866:
3862:
3861:
3853:
3849:
3839:
3838:975-7039-26-8
3835:
3831:
3828:İlhan Akşit.
3827:
3825:
3821:
3817:
3813:
3810:
3806:
3803:
3800:Ilhan Aksit.
3799:
3797:
3793:
3790:. NET. 1989.
3789:
3785:
3781:
3775:
3771:
3766:
3763:
3759:
3756:
3753:Fanny Davis.
3752:
3750:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3735:
3731:
3729:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3715:
3711:
3707:
3703:
3699:
3697:0-8212-1679-1
3693:
3689:
3684:
3682:
3678:
3674:
3670:
3668:
3664:
3660:
3656:
3653:
3649:
3646:
3642:
3639:
3635:
3632:
3628:
3626:962-209-004-4
3622:
3618:
3613:
3609:
3607:0-262-14050-0
3603:
3599:
3595:
3594:
3588:
3586:
3585:975-7710-04-0
3582:
3578:
3574:
3570:
3568:0-86356-067-9
3564:
3560:
3555:
3551:
3549:0-500-23323-3
3545:
3541:
3536:
3532:
3527:
3525:
3524:0-19-517068-7
3521:
3517:
3513:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3500:0-500-27429-0
3496:
3492:
3487:
3486:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3462:
3461:Yıldız Palace
3459:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3448:
3447:Turkey portal
3437:
3434:
3428:
3423:
3416:
3414:
3404:
3402:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3387:
3379:
3377:
3373:
3368:
3359:
3350:
3348:
3344:
3339:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3316:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3301:
3296:Outer gardens
3293:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3274:
3265:
3263:
3259:
3258:Richard Nixon
3255:
3252:, First Lady
3251:
3242:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3231:Sarkis Balyan
3228:
3224:
3215:
3206:
3204:
3194:
3190:
3188:
3183:
3181:
3175:
3173:
3169:
3160:
3151:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3136:
3133:
3129:
3125:
3116:
3108:
3102:Terrace Kiosk
3099:
3096:
3092:
3091:
3086:
3082:
3073:
3064:
3062:
3058:
3053:
3051:
3047:
3042:
3040:
3031:
3025:Baghdad Kiosk
3022:
3020:
3012:
3009:Open recess (
3007:
3001:Yerevan Kiosk
2998:
2996:
2992:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2964:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2936:
2928:
2919:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2895:
2893:
2882:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2847:
2838:
2836:
2832:
2827:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2800:
2791:
2788:
2784:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2762:
2760:
2751:
2743:
2734:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2714:
2712:
2703:
2694:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2663:
2654:
2652:
2646:
2644:
2640:
2635:
2633:
2629:
2623:
2621:
2617:
2616:Hünkâr Sofası
2608:
2600:
2594:Imperial Hall
2591:
2589:
2585:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2555:
2546:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2531:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2512:
2503:
2501:
2497:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2483:Cariye Hamamı
2480:
2471:
2462:
2460:
2450:
2444:
2439:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2402:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2387:
2385:
2381:
2375:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2352:
2344:
2335:
2333:
2328:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2304:
2295:
2292:
2288:
2287:Dolaplı Kubbe
2284:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2255:Divan Meydanı
2251:
2249:
2248:
2243:
2239:
2234:
2230:
2229:Valide sultan
2226:
2222:
2213:
2205:
2196:
2192:
2190:
2185:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2153:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2142:Sacred Relics
2134:
2128:Privy Chamber
2125:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2110:Hasoda Koğuşu
2101:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2081:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2062:
2060:
2056:
2051:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2020:
2012:
2003:
2001:
2000:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1982:Sarayı Albums
1979:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1947:, and also a
1946:
1942:
1938:
1937:calligraphies
1934:
1926:
1921:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1900:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1885:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1870:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1843:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1824:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1809:
1807:
1806:Hazinedarbaşı
1799:
1794:
1790:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1777:under Sultan
1776:
1772:
1761:
1757:
1748:
1741:
1736:
1726:
1723:
1715:
1705:
1701:
1695:
1694:
1689:This section
1687:
1683:
1678:
1677:
1669:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1653:
1651:
1650:Pişkeş Kapısı
1646:
1643:
1641:
1640:
1634:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1599:
1592:
1588:
1579:
1577:
1572:
1568:
1566:
1565:Has Oda Ağası
1562:
1558:
1557:
1551:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1525:
1520:
1511:
1509:
1504:
1502:
1501:
1495:
1493:
1492:Bayram throne
1489:
1488:Divan Meydanı
1484:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1469:
1467:
1463:
1462:
1457:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1446:Bab-üs Saadet
1443:
1435:
1430:
1422:
1413:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1384:
1382:
1377:
1375:
1369:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1342:
1333:
1331:
1327:
1321:
1319:
1318:Adalet Kulesi
1315:
1311:
1310:Adalet Kulesi
1307:
1306:Valide sultan
1302:
1300:
1299:Kütahya tiles
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1279:
1268:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1221:
1213:
1208:
1198:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1151:confectionery
1148:
1144:
1140:
1139:palace school
1134:
1132:
1128:
1127:Edirne Palace
1124:
1115:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1082:
1081:of Mahmud I.
1080:
1076:
1072:
1071:Raht Hazinesi
1069:"treasures" (
1068:
1064:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1052:Bayram throne
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1019:Divan Meydanı
1016:
1007:
999:
991:
982:
974:
968:
963:
960:
953:
948:
941:
936:
929:
924:
917:
912:
911:
910:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
887:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
854:
850:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
819:Bâb-ı Hümâyûn
816:
811:
809:
805:
801:
797:
789:
788:Bâb-ı Hümâyûn
784:
778:Imperial Gate
768:
763:
756:
751:
747:
740:
735:
731:
724:
719:
712:
707:
706:
705:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
682:
678:
676:
672:
667:
665:
660:
657:
656:
651:
645:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
617:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
578:
571:
567:
558:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
523:
514:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
451:
449:
445:
441:
436:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
377:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
352:
348:
342:
336:
330:
321:
317:
313:
309:
299:
295:
291:
287:
284:
281:
277:
273:
271:
267:
264:
261:
257:
253:
248:
244:
239:
236:
235:Sarkis Balyan
232:
228:
225:
221:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
195:
192:Turkish state
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
158:
130:
128:
124:
120:
117:
113:
110:
106:
103:
99:
93:
90:
87:
86:
85:
81:
76:
72:
68:
62:
57:
49:
45:
41:
36:
31:
26:
22:
6770:Hagia Sophia
6753:Chora Church
6731:
6681:Naval Museum
6568:Elgiz Museum
6492:Rumelihisarı
6400:
6391:Grand Bazaar
6386:Galata Tower
6361:Chora Church
6356:Hagia Sophia
6274:Gülhane Park
6268:
6124:
6105:
5995:
5981:Spice Bazaar
5956:Hagia Sophia
5936:Chora Church
5835:Nuruosmaniye
5625:Sultan Ahmet
5613:Şehsuvar Bey
5592:Molla Hüsrev
5547:Kalenderhane
5543:İskenderpaşa
5389:
5372:. Retrieved
5368:the original
5358:
5349:
5340:
5329:. Retrieved
5325:the original
5315:
5304:. Retrieved
5300:the original
5295:
5286:
5277:
5268:
5247:
5238:
5229:
5220:
5197:
5188:
5165:
5132:
5123:
5114:
5103:. Retrieved
5099:the original
5094:
5085:
5076:
5067:
5061:
5047:
5028:
5022:
5005:
4994:. Retrieved
4989:
4940:
4934:
4925:
4919:
4910:
4901:
4892:
4883:
4874:
4865:
4856:
4847:
4838:
4829:
4818:. Retrieved
4814:the original
4809:
4800:
4791:
4782:
4749:
4744:Davis, p. 71
4740:
4719:
4710:
4704:
4695:
4657:(1): 68–92.
4654:
4650:
4644:
4625:
4619:
4586:
4582:
4572:
4547:
4543:
4521:
4512:
4503:
4494:
4485:
4474:. Retrieved
4470:the original
4465:
4456:
4433:. Retrieved
4428:
4419:
4408:. Retrieved
4406:. 2021-04-08
4403:
4394:
4385:
4376:
4367:
4358:
4349:
4338:. Retrieved
4334:the original
4329:
4320:
4311:
4303:
4297:
4288:
4277:. Retrieved
4273:the original
4262:
4251:. Retrieved
4245:
4217:. Retrieved
4212:
4203:
4194:
4173:
4164:
4155:
4144:. Retrieved
4134:
4125:
4116:
4107:
4083:
4076:
4064:
4053:. Retrieved
4049:the original
4044:
4035:
4012:
4002:
3991:. Retrieved
3986:
3973:
3962:. Retrieved
3955:
3946:
3938:the original
3928:
3904:
3897:
3879:
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3852:
3829:
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3808:
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3760:Turhan Can.
3754:
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3507:Turhan Can,
3490:
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3398:
3395:
3388:
3385:
3364:
3343:Gülhane Park
3340:
3328:Marble Kiosk
3317:
3309:Çinili Köşkü
3308:
3302:
3299:
3289:
3285:
3281:
3279:
3262:Mohammed Ali
3260:, and boxer
3256:, President
3247:
3226:
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3220:
3202:
3200:
3197:Stone throne
3191:
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3148:Şerbet Odası
3147:
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3088:
3084:
3080:
3078:
3056:
3054:
3050:verd antique
3043:
3039:Bağdat Köşkü
3038:
3036:
3018:
3016:
2976:Bağdat Köşkü
2975:
2971:
2965:
2956:circumcision
2951:
2948:Sünnet Odası
2947:
2941:
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2651:Çeşmeli Sofa
2650:
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2615:
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2562:
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2496:Kirkmerdiven
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2418:
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2411:Cümle Kapisi
2410:
2408:
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2368:Cümle Kapısi
2367:
2364:Kızlar Ağası
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2089:
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2070:Ağalar Camii
2069:
2063:
2059:Tulip period
2052:
2048:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2025:
1999:Süleymanname
1997:
1993:
1989:
1986:Siyer-ı Nebi
1985:
1981:
1978:Şahanşahname
1977:
1973:
1932:
1930:
1924:
1908:
1901:
1886:
1871:
1853:. Below the
1840:
1825:
1817:coat of mail
1810:
1805:
1803:
1797:
1786:
1759:
1755:
1753:
1739:
1718:
1709:
1698:Please help
1693:verification
1690:
1660:
1656:
1654:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1637:
1635:
1630:
1623:
1619:Abdülmecid I
1606:
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1241:Dîvân Heyeti
1240:
1237:Vazīr-e Azam
1236:
1228:
1226:
1187:Qing Dynasty
1183:Ming Dynasty
1179:Yuan Dynasty
1175:Song Dynasty
1171:
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979:
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902:
899:Great Palace
897:Gate of the
890:
888:
874:
867:Alay Meydanı
866:
862:
860:
851:
826:
812:
804:Hagia Sophia
799:
793:
787:
746:Galata Tower
693:
689:
686:Gülhane Park
683:
679:
668:
661:
653:
646:
632:
618:
616:stood here.
600:, where the
589:
583:
554:
546:
538:
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493:such as the
466:
452:
444:Abdulmejid I
437:
433:Grand Vizier
420:
416:
408:
404:
396:
392:
388:
378:
324:طوپقپو سرايى
307:
305:
223:Architect(s)
52:طوپقپو سرايى
6761: [
6727:Tiled Kiosk
6538:Pera Museum
6291:Yıldız Park
6289:(including
6272:(including
6264:Tiled Kiosk
6001:Hagia Irene
5875:Şehzadebaşı
5735:Çukurbostan
5730:Çemberlitaş
5720:Çatladıkapı
5695:Belgradkapı
5647:Yavuz Sinan
5622:Süleymaniye
5619:Silivrikapı
5616:Seyyid Ömer
5604:Saraç İshak
5588:Mollagürani
5583:Mollafenari
5573:Mevlanakapı
5555:Katip Kasım
5506:Cankurtaran
5503:Binbirdirek
5475:Akşemsettin
5411: /
5017:, pp. 69–70
4550:: 113–147.
4404:Daily Sabah
3960:. 1890–1900
3883:Pronounced
3739:Esin Atil.
3643:Tahsin Oz.
3634:Ahmet Ertuğ
3324:Pearl Kiosk
3320:Shore Kiosk
3305:Tiled Kiosk
3227:Esvap Odası
3217:Grand Kiosk
3209:Grand Kiosk
3144:Namaz Odası
3067:İftar Kiosk
3019:Revan Köşkü
2972:Revan Köşkü
2841:Golden Road
2835:Kadınefendi
2731:Yemis Odası
2575:frigidarium
2491:Golden Horn
2316:Büyük Biniş
2122:family tree
2055:İznik tiles
1897:tourmalines
1813:Mustafa III
1767: 1460
1760:Fatih Köşkü
1740:Fatih Köşkü
1561:calligraphy
1473:Mustafa III
1326:Renaissance
1283:Divan Court
1131:Mimar Sinan
1090:halberdiers
973:Hagia Irene
959:Hagia Irene
883:Janissaries
879:Hagia Irene
671:Mimar Sinan
606:Marmara Sea
598:Golden Horn
555:Cannon Gate
421:Cannon Gate
289:Inscription
231:Mimar Sinan
152: /
140:28°59′2.4″E
137:41°0′46.8″N
127:Coordinates
67:Golden Horn
6942:Categories
6219:Eski Saray
6087:Vezneciler
5946:Eski Saray
5895:Vezneciler
5855:Sarayburnu
5840:Pazartekke
5825:Mahmutpaşa
5815:Küçüklanga
5805:Küçükpazar
5765:Fındıkzade
5745:Edirnekapı
5700:Büyüklanga
5680:Altımermer
5601:Rüstempaşa
5551:Karagümrük
5524:Hacı Kadın
5521:Emin Sinan
5518:Derviş Ali
5509:Cerrahpaşa
5492:Balabanağa
5488:Ayvansaray
5399:28°59′02″E
5396:41°00′47″N
5374:2011-08-09
5331:2008-08-16
5306:2008-08-16
5105:2008-08-16
4996:2009-06-02
4820:2008-08-16
4476:2008-08-16
4435:2021-04-26
4410:2021-04-26
4340:2008-08-16
4279:2008-09-17
4253:2009-06-04
4219:2008-06-15
4146:2008-09-17
4055:2015-05-30
3993:2008-09-17
3964:2013-10-20
3870:9753958994
3844:References
3483:Literature
3282:Sofa Camii
3187:Hekim Başı
2952:Yazlik Oda
2871:Baş Haseki
2777:Şehzadeler
2571:tepidarium
2524:Eski Saray
2415:Nöbet Yeri
2395:Mustafa IV
2372:odalisques
2320:Şal Kapısı
2233:concubines
2182:pilgrimage
1996:, and the
1880:'s mother
1836:Nader Shah
1783:baptistery
1442:Bâbüssaâde
1434:Bâbüssaâde
1381:Nişan Taşı
1354:dış hazine
1291:Defterhāne
1092:wore long
1036:sarcophagi
800:Divan Yolu
633:Eski Saray
604:meets the
594:promontory
590:Sarayburnu
487:miniatures
469:where the
453:After the
419:, meaning
405:Eski Saray
401:Old Palace
393:Yeni Saray
389:New Palace
292:1985 (9th
6033:Education
6017:Transport
5914:Landmarks
5905:Yusufpaşa
5850:Saraçhane
5830:Narlıkapı
5770:Gedikpaşa
5715:Çarşıkapı
5705:Cağaloğlu
5690:Bahçekapı
5638:Tayahatun
5634:Tahtakale
5610:Şehremini
5607:Sarıdemir
5570:Mesihpaşa
5558:Kemalpaşa
5481:Ali Kuşçu
4687:162991136
4671:0035-869X
4611:244587800
4603:1385-3783
4556:0571-1371
4429:Arkeofili
4304:Hünername
3598:336 pages
3286:Sofa Ocağ
3140:Divanhane
3132:belvedere
3130:), was a
2944:Ibrahim I
2824:Altın Yol
2787:Anatolian
2683:arabesque
2671:Murat III
2628:Delftware
2579:honeycomb
2567:caldarium
2332:Mehmed IV
2267:Osman III
2150:Murad III
2118:Mahmud II
2044:Ahmed III
2036:Arz Odası
1974:Hünername
1961:Piri Reis
1859:aigrettes
1855:baldachin
1712:June 2017
1615:Ahmed III
1607:Arz Odası
1591:Arz Odası
1576:Hünername
1548:Ahmed III
1532:III. Avlu
1524:Hünername
1330:Palladian
1295:Kubbealtı
1287:Kubbealtı
1278:Divanhane
1257:Mahmud II
1253:Selim III
1245:Kubbealtı
1153:kitchen,
1103:Murad III
1099:Davud Ağa
1023:Janissary
891:Orta Kapı
847:Abdulaziz
843:Mehmed II
730:Selim III
702:Murad III
655:Kanunname
650:Bosphorus
614:Byzantion
610:acropolis
513:in 1985.
485:, armor,
440:Bosphorus
329:romanized
279:Reference
227:Mehmed II
173:Completed
6447:Istanbul
6345:Istanbul
6126:Category
6092:Yenikapı
5900:Yenikapı
5885:Unkapanı
5880:Taşkasap
5870:Sulukule
5750:Eğrikapı
5725:Çarşamba
5675:Ahırkapı
5668:Quarters
5654:Yedikule
5539:Hocapaşa
5515:Demirtaş
5457:Istanbul
5068:Belleten
4679:25211915
4564:23075925
3989:. UNESCO
3419:See also
3372:fig tree
3330:and the
3235:eclectic
3203:Taş Taht
3180:Baş Lala
3046:porphyry
2991:tesserae
2968:Murat IV
2904:IV. Avlu
2892:aviaries
2855:Altınyol
2820:İkballer
2770:intarsia
2643:Victoria
2427:Altınyol
2318:and the
2263:Mahmud I
2189:Poseidon
2066:theology
1832:Mahmud I
1828:scabbard
1821:Murad IV
1665:Murad IV
1508:Muhammad
1191:celadons
1155:creamery
1048:gazelles
1044:peacocks
1015:II. Avlu
975:interior
744:View of
625:Istanbul
543:Mahmud I
473:and the
358:Istanbul
354:district
347:Seraglio
270:Criteria
121:, Turkey
119:Istanbul
115:Location
6480:Castles
6443:Museums
6169:Ottoman
6071:Aksaray
5865:Sofular
5860:Sirkeci
5845:Samatya
5810:Kumkapı
5795:Kıztaşı
5790:Kadırga
5785:İmrahor
5755:Eminönü
5685:Ayakapı
5643:Topkapı
5598:Nişanca
5500:Beyazıt
5484:Atikali
5478:Alemdar
5471:Aksaray
5091:"Harem"
3413:Antalya
3376:grafted
3095:ramadan
3057:mangal'
2984:Baghdad
2980:Yerevan
2863:Has Oda
2620:Hasseki
2584:Ahmed I
2324:Kütahya
2242:eunuchs
2178:Ramadan
2166:Caliphs
2040:Havuzlu
1941:Qur'ans
1847:Ahmed I
1842:Topkapi
1779:Selim I
1639:besmele
1540:Has Oda
1526:in 1584
1466:Persian
1456:Persian
1451:Enderûn
1405:Abbasid
1401:Umayyad
1372:simply
1361:kaftans
1332:style.
1094:tresses
1067:harness
1040:cistern
863:I. Avlu
839:tughras
823:Persian
815:Turkish
561:History
551:Turkish
535:Ottoman
483:weapons
417:Topkapı
374:sultans
343:
331::
312:Turkish
294:Session
259:Part of
241:Website
109:Baroque
105:Ottoman
40:Turkish
6173:Turkey
6094:(part)
6083:(part)
5820:Laleli
5780:Horhor
5775:Haseki
5740:Draman
5659:Zeyrek
5631:Sururi
5567:Mercan
5533:Hobyar
5512:Cibali
5035:
5013:
4947:
4685:
4677:
4669:
4632:
4609:
4601:
4562:
4554:
4215:. 2001
4209:"1465"
4095:
4069:Viator
4023:
3916:
3867:
3836:
3822:
3794:
3776:
3747:
3726:
3712:
3694:
3679:
3665:
3623:
3604:
3583:
3565:
3546:
3522:
3497:
3407:Copies
3367:fungus
2912:kiosks
2816:Mabeyn
2573:and a
2539:Medina
2528:kalfas
2238:Daires
2231:; the
2174:Joseph
2168:, the
2158:relics
2094:minbar
1980:, the
1965:Brazil
1953:Arabic
1771:arcade
1631:simurg
1409:Mamluk
1261:rococo
895:Chalke
835:Qur'an
507:UNESCO
467:hazine
362:Turkey
181:Client
7003:Fatih
6765:]
5760:Fener
5496:Balat
5453:Fatih
4683:S2CID
4675:JSTOR
4607:S2CID
4560:JSTOR
3983:(PDF)
3353:Trees
3090:iftar
2988:nacre
2960:Islam
2782:kafes
2767:nacre
2691:çeşme
2679:Kafes
2535:Mecca
2291:deeds
2199:Harem
1949:Bible
1945:Kufic
1909:Yahya
1893:Mecca
1889:Kaaba
1775:Egypt
1611:eaves
1544:harem
1481:tuğra
1461:Birûn
1366:ulufe
1147:Birûn
1143:Harem
1031:Divan
1027:harem
825:, or
690:kasır
592:), a
429:harem
411:) in
351:Fatih
189:Owner
5890:Vefa
5710:Çapa
5033:ISBN
5011:ISBN
4945:ISBN
4667:ISSN
4630:ISBN
4599:ISSN
4552:ISSN
4093:ISBN
4021:ISBN
3914:ISBN
3865:ISBN
3834:ISBN
3820:ISBN
3792:ISBN
3774:ISBN
3745:ISBN
3724:ISBN
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3663:ISBN
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3602:ISBN
3581:ISBN
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3048:and
3011:iwan
2982:and
2916:köşk
2727:ocak
2687:ocak
2569:, a
2265:and
2219:The
1863:jade
1574:The
1556:Ağas
1403:and
1255:and
1046:and
1029:and
871:Mint
845:and
837:and
796:Mese
694:köşk
517:Name
341:lit.
306:The
210:Size
176:1465
168:1459
83:Type
6445:in
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4591:doi
3083:or
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1702:by
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865:or
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