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56:
685:, he wanted troops from the entire region under his control, this included troops from the Netherlands. Louis, confronted by his brother's demand, refused point-blank. Napoleon then accused Louis of putting Dutch interests above those of France, and removed most of the French forces in Holland for the coming war in the east, leaving only about 9,000 garrison soldiers in the country. Unfortunately for Louis, the English landed an army of 40,000 in 1809 in
506:. Thanks to his older brother, Napoleon, Louis was given a commission in the French Military, and was promoted to Lieutenant in the 4th Artillery Regiment, and from there he was made Aide de Camp on Napoleon's staff. Napoleon, during his Italian Campaign, recommended Louis to Carnot, and Louis was consequently made a captain. He later became a
632:, and other places. On one occasion, after visiting the home of a wealthy Dutch merchant, he liked the place so much that he had the owner evicted so he could take up residence there. Then, Louis moved again after seven weeks. His constant moving kept the court in upheaval since they had to follow him everywhere. The European
767:
allowed him a visit in 1840. Although traveling in the
Netherlands under a false name, some people found out that it was their former king, which led to a cheering crowd gathering under the window of his hotel room. It is said that he was quite moved by this demonstration of affection from his former
647:
in Paris, while Louis was in
Holland. In 1806, Louis called for his son to be sent to him in Holland, but he was again refused by Hortense, who believed that her son would never be returned to France. When Louis appealed to his brother Napoleon for help, Napoleon sided with Hortense. Napoleon kept
696:, and successfully repelled the invasion. Napoleon then suggested that Louis should abdicate, citing Louis's inability to protect Holland as a reason. Louis refused and declared the occupation of the Kingdom by a French army as unlawful. On 1 July 1810 Louis abdicated in favor of his second son,
680:
Louis
Bonaparte's reign was short-lived due to two factors. The first was that Napoleon wanted to reduce the value of French loans from Dutch investors by two-thirds, meaning a serious economic blow to the Netherlands. The second became the pretext for Napoleon's demand of Louis's abdication. As
836:
This marriage had been forced upon them and was rather loveless, though they supposedly consummated it and interacted often enough to produce three sons. As a rule, the
Bonapartes, except Napoleon, loathed the Beauharnaises. Hortense also certainly had extra-marital lovers.
616:
who, in France at the time of his demands, refused his request. Louis and
Hortense had never gotten along, and this demand further strained their relationship. She only came to Holland reluctantly and deliberately tried to avoid Louis as much as possible.
759:, where he turned to writing and poetry. Louis wrote to Napoleon after the latter's defeat in Russia to request that the Dutch throne be restored to him; however, Napoleon refused. His request to visit the Netherlands was denied several times by King
861:, born 11 October 1804. Became Prince Royal of Holland on his brother's death, and was King for eight days in 1810, between his father's abdication (1 July) and the fall of Holland to Napoleon Bonaparte's invading army (9 July). Sovereign of the
611:
Having declared himself Dutch, Louis tried to make his court Dutch as well. He forced his court and ministers (mostly provided by
Napoleon) to speak only Dutch and to renounce their French citizenships. This latter was too much for his wife
1220:
338:
1227:
432:, but Louis was determined to be as independent as possible and became quite popular amongst his new people. Growing tired of his brother's wilfulness, Napoleon annexed Holland into the
651:
4527:
3754:
848:
670:
in 1807, and a major flood in
Holland in 1809. In both instances, Louis personally and effectively oversaw local relief efforts, which helped earn him the title of
529:, and hence Napoleon's stepdaughter. Hortense was opposed to the marriage at first. She was soon persuaded by her mother to marry Louis for the sake of the family.
589:(adopting the Dutch form of his name) and declared himself Dutch rather than French. Allegedly, his Dutch was initially so poor that he told the people he was the
1213:
204:
4047:
1374:
581:
of
Holland. However, Louis had his mind and tried to be a responsible and independent ruler. To endear himself to his adopted country, he tried to learn the
3833:
4467:
1836:
4278:
4517:
3393:
1477:
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as the rightful
Emperor of the French, although Louis took little action himself to advance the claim. Louis's son and heir, the future Emperor
4462:
1236:
3747:
3388:
840:
Hortense de
Beauharnais gave birth to three sons who were officially claimed by Louis Bonaparte, despite his doubts about their paternity:
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1633:
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Louis could never settle on the location of his capital city while he was in Holland. He changed capitals over a dozen times, trying
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17:
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on 5 June 1806 and placed Louis on the throne. Napoleon had intended for his younger brother to be little more than a
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988:
Joor, Johan (2016). "The Napoleonic Period in Holland from a Dutch Historical Perspective". In Planert, Ute (ed.).
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the boy in his court, and he even had him named the heir to the French throne before the birth of his son.
4207:
537:
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2724:
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676:âłBrother, when they say of some king or other that he is good, it means that he has failed in his rule.âł
644:
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91:
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833:. Josephine was the first wife of Louis's brother Napoleon. Thus Hortense was also Louis's step-niece.
693:
406:
4308:
4023:
3403:
3228:
2795:
1205:
597:("King of Holland"). However, his sincere effort to learn Dutch earned him respect from his subjects.
4080:
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779:, on the other hand, was at that time being imprisoned in France for having attempted a Bonapartist
555:
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3855:
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after abdicating as King of Holland, wearing the uniform of a Dutch cavalry general, painted by
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1953:
1912:
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1846:
428:, appointing Louis as the new king. Napoleon had intended for Holland to be little more than a
193:
3549:
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1279:
1031:
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636:
went so far as to petition Bonaparte to remain in one place so they could keep up with him.
488:
358:
61:
2281:
1877:
1048:
791:
737:
689:. With Louis unable to defend his realm, France sent 80,000 militiamen, commanded by future
208:
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4328:
4005:
3892:
3629:
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3193:
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2553:
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2130:
1932:
876:
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548:
468:
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2507:
2376:
2316:
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716:
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8:
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2754:
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2054:
1917:
1902:
1887:
1872:
1831:
1608:
1240:
862:
852:
815:
741:
502:
Louis Bonaparte's early career was spent in the Army, and he served with Napoleon in the
433:
2875:
2170:
2165:
2013:
4242:
4147:
4103:
3680:
3675:
3619:
3574:
3503:
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3203:
3122:
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2709:
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2639:
2593:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2321:
2256:
2028:
1993:
1968:
1770:
1720:
1670:
1648:
1628:
1623:
1391:
1110:
875:, (1808â73). Born in Paris, he was the third and last son, and became Sovereign of the
705:
574:
484:
362:
296:
102:
2466:
2396:
2361:
2351:
974:
32:
This article is about the King of Holland. For his son, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, see
4354:
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2966:
2926:
2900:
2890:
2845:
2815:
2769:
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2634:
2583:
2563:
2548:
2538:
2517:
2461:
2421:
2246:
2180:
2175:
2033:
1963:
1816:
1735:
1730:
1088:
993:
944:
919:
570:
480:
425:
401:, out of eight children who lived past infancy. He and his siblings were all born in
316:
245:
173:
2487:
1416:
780:
4288:
4283:
4127:
4117:
3988:
3554:
3438:
3238:
3077:
2976:
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2810:
2759:
2679:
2588:
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2406:
2291:
2200:
2190:
2084:
2023:
1785:
1331:
1296:
1170:
869:
on 17 March 1831, and his remains were buried at Saint-Leu-La-Foret, Ăle-de-France.
633:
578:
514:
513:
Upon Louis's return to France, he was involved in Napoleon's plot to overthrow the
510:
by the age of 25, although he felt that he had risen too high in too short a time.
472:
464:
413:, where he benefited from Napoleon's patronage. In 1802, he married his step-niece
398:
394:
306:
125:
3328:
795:
4379:
4359:
4227:
4132:
3433:
3368:
3353:
3127:
3117:
3092:
3067:
2895:
2729:
2251:
2059:
1983:
1958:
1710:
1598:
1522:
1316:
1143:
1078:
748:
476:
326:
70:
3700:
916:
War, Public Opinion and Policy in Britain, France and the Netherlands, 1785-1815
409:
less than a decade before his birth. Louis followed his older brothers into the
4349:
3712:
3624:
3614:
3147:
2986:
2850:
2649:
2401:
1745:
1725:
1715:
1675:
1548:
732:
After his abdication, Louis Bonaparte assumed the title of Count of Saint-Leu (
690:
582:
386:
378:
1760:
1352:
968:
4426:
3188:
1892:
1750:
1680:
1306:
1084:
964:
806:
604:
771:
After the death of his eldest brother Joseph in 1844, Louis was seen by the
4222:
4000:
3937:
1740:
1576:
1343:
1326:
1197:
880:
776:
772:
607:
of Louis Napoléon minted in 1807. Inscription: NAP. LODEW. I KON. VAN HOLL.
518:
444:
429:
366:
263:
137:
33:
4061:
851:. When he died on 5 May 1807 at 4œ years of age, his body lay in state at
4187:
3982:
3966:
3829:
3797:
3528:
3498:
3486:
3443:
3198:
1425:
1269:
410:
370:
55:
3791:
3213:
1235:
904:â SociĂ©tĂ© d'Ăditions LittĂ©raires et Artistiques â Paris, 1907 â page 42
361:. He was a monarch in his own right from 1806 to 1810, ruling over the
662:
Two major tragedies occurred during the reign of Louis Bonaparte: the
3785:
1161:
704:
invaded Holland on 4 July. Napoleon annexed Holland to France by the
625:
621:
424:
In 1806, Napoleon established the Kingdom of Holland in place of the
4122:
4072:
3976:
3178:
1254:
354:
40:
1491:
666:
of a cargo ship loaded with gunpowder in the heart of the city of
573:
was too independent for his liking, Napoleon replaced it with the
866:
865:
in 1809-1813 (under regency). Napoleon Louis Bonaparte died from
787:
701:
629:
507:
460:
456:
402:
291:
189:
169:
165:
393:
Louis was the fifth surviving child and fourth surviving son of
667:
3762:
755:
offered him asylum. Between 1811 and 1813, he found refuge in
655:
Louis defends Dutch independence against Napoleon. Painted by
855:
in Paris. He is buried at Saint-Leu-La-Foret, Ile-de-France.
353:; 2 September 1778 â 25 July 1846) was a younger brother of
756:
721:
700:. He fled from Haarlem on 2/3 July and settled in Austria.
990:
Napoleon's Empire: European Politics in Global Perspective
1050:
Reponse Ă sir Walter Scott, sur son histoire de Napoleon
1016:
Napoleon and His Family: Moscow-Saint Helena, 1813â1821
499:, whom Letizia and her husband, Carlo, had befriended.
747:
After his Dutch kingdom was taken away from him, the
521:, Napoleon arranged for a marriage between Louis and
439:His youngest son, Louis-Napoléon, established the
1342:Several family members held additional titles in
4528:French military personnel of the Napoleonic Wars
4424:
4279:Napoléon Charles, Prince of Canino and Musignano
1478:Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands
1046:
674:. Napoleon appeared disappointed and commented:
491:. Louis' godparents were the island's governor,
3691:England expects that every man will do his duty
1382:
4198:Charles Lucien, Prince of Canino and Musignano
963:
938:
532:
4264:Joseph Lucien, Prince of Canino and Musignano
4088:
3748:
1507:
1368:
1221:
4360:Marie, Princess George of Greece and Denmark
736:), which was a reference to his property at
4468:Bonapartist pretenders to the French throne
1053:(in French). Paris: C.J. Trouve. p. 1.
4289:Jeanne, Marchioness of Villeneuve-Escaplon
4095:
4081:
3755:
3741:
1514:
1500:
1375:
1361:
1228:
1214:
1076:
1029:
687:an attempt to capture Antwerp and Flushing
54:
4518:Names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe
4213:Napoléon Charles, Prince Royal of Holland
4178:ZĂ©naĂŻde, Princess of Canino and Musignano
973:. New York: Knight Publications. p.
913:
4319:Princess Marie Letizia, Duchess of Aosta
3821:Imperial Eagle of the House of Bonaparte
1036:(in French). Paris: Vergne. p. 130.
805:
801:
786:Louis Bonaparte died on 25 July 1846 in
715:
650:
599:
554:
536:
369:roughly corresponding to the modern-day
825:, the daughter of the deceased general
821:Louis was married on 4 January 1802 to
681:Napoleon was preparing an army for his
237: 1802; died 1837)
14:
4425:
4365:Marie Clotilde, Countess Serge de Witt
4284:Roland, Prince of Canino and Musignano
4269:Lucien, Prince of Canino and Musignano
4128:Lucien, Prince of Canino and Musignano
1837:Planned invasion of the United Kingdom
4463:Knights of the Golden Fleece of Spain
4076:
3736:
3519:Spanish American wars of independence
1495:
1356:
1209:
810:Louis Bonaparte with his second son,
385:
373:). In that capacity, he was known as
4102:
1012:
987:
744:in 1808, a strictly honorary title.
740:near Paris. He was appointed as the
436:in 1810, and Louis went into exile.
115:28 July 1844 â 25 July 1846
4294:Napoléon, Prince Imperial of France
4274:Augusta, Princess Placido Gabrielli
4193:Charlotte, Princess Mario Gabrielli
4064:from 1848-1873 as Louis Philippe II
3504:Franco-Swedish War (Pomeranian War)
1521:
1265:Marie Louise, Empress of the French
593:("Rabbit of 'Olland"), rather than
565:List of monarchs of the Netherlands
264:Napoleon III, Emperor of the French
24:
4503:People from the Kingdom of Holland
3816:
3812:Coat of arms of the House of Capet
3807:
1070:
992:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 61.
941:Napoleon: A Biographical Companion
504:French campaign in Egypt and Syria
25:
4554:
1482:United Kingdom of the Netherlands
827:Alexandre, Vicomte de Beauharnais
790:, and his remains were buried at
495:, and the wife of the intendant,
27:King of Holland from 1806 to 1810
4453:French people of Italian descent
4412:Jean-Christophe, Prince Napoléon
4350:Princess Mary, Mrs. Enrico Gotti
4243:Mathilde, Princess of San Donato
4161:
3379:Frederick William III of Prussia
3359:Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly
1415:
1278:
1260:Joséphine, Empress of the French
1033:La famille Bonaparte depuis 1264
873:Charles Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte
336:
4508:Parents of presidents of France
4458:Military personnel from Ajaccio
4355:Eugénie, Princess of La Moskowa
4133:Elisa, Grand Duchess of Tuscany
3764:Pretenders to the French throne
3499:Russo-Swedish War (Finnish War)
3429:Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies
1255:Napoleon, Emperor of the French
1019:. Allen & Unwin. p. 7.
831:Josephine Tascher de la Pagerie
234:
4143:Pauline, Princess of Guastalla
3414:Prince Regent John of Portugal
3324:Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
3269:Frederick Augustus I of Saxony
3264:Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
1057:
1040:
1023:
1006:
981:
957:
932:
907:
894:
463:. He was a younger brother of
103:Head of the House of Bonaparte
13:
1:
4543:French expatriates in Austria
4493:Princes of France (Bonaparte)
3439:Prince Charles John of Sweden
887:
450:
443:in 1852, proclaiming himself
205:Ăglise Saint-Leu-Saint Gilles
4044:Napoléon VII Jean-Christophe
1248:Emperor and immediate family
1192:28 July 1844 â 25 July 1846
761:William I of the Netherlands
407:had been conquered by France
126:Joseph, Count of Survilliers
7:
4513:Military governors of Paris
4473:19th-century Dutch monarchs
4248:Napoléon, Prince of Monfort
3904:Blancs d'Espagne succession
1384:Monarchs of the Netherlands
639:Hortense bore Louis's sons
533:King of Holland (1806â1810)
479:, and the older brother of
10:
4559:
3274:Frederick I of WĂŒrttemberg
1644:Confederation of the Rhine
1426:Kingdom of the Netherlands
1148:5 June 1806 â 1 July 1810
1080:Napoleon Bonaparte: A Life
914:Callister, Graeme (2017).
845:Napoleon Charles Bonaparte
641:Napoléon Charles Bonaparte
562:
38:
31:
4404:
4388:
4342:
4299:Prince Jerome Napoleon II
4256:
4170:
4159:
4148:Caroline, Queen of Naples
4110:
4057:
3965:
3902:
3828:
3805:
3774:
3653:
3537:
3452:
3434:Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden
3424:William, Prince of Orange
3287:
3234:Pierre-Charles Villeneuve
3167:
3160:
3040:
2919:
2783:
2612:
2526:
2480:
2229:
2123:
2047:
1941:
1855:
1807:
1798:
1694:
1595:
1586:
1563:French Invasion of Russia
1529:
1474:
1424:
1413:
1390:
1340:
1287:
1276:
1247:
1194:
1175:
1167:
1160:
1150:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1104:
1047:Bonaparte, Louis (1829).
902:Napoleon dans se jeunesse
332:
322:
312:
302:
290:
281:
276:
272:
244:
216:
199:
179:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
131:
119:
108:
101:
97:
87:
76:
69:
53:
48:
4396:Charles, Prince Napoléon
3344:Archduke John of Austria
3339:Prince von Schwarzenberg
3184:Louis-Alexandre Berthier
1237:Imperial House of France
943:. ABC-CLIO. p. 34.
918:. Springer. p. 62.
859:Napoleon Louis Bonaparte
847:, born 10 October 1802,
812:Napoléon Louis Bonaparte
711:
698:Napoleon Louis Bonaparte
694:Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte
645:Napoléon Louis Bonaparte
347:Louis Napoléon Bonaparte
282:Louis Napoléon Bonaparte
39:Not to be confused with
4478:Roman Catholic monarchs
4309:Victor, Prince Napoléon
3279:Frederick VI of Denmark
3229:Jean-Baptiste BessiĂšres
2019:Greater Poland uprising
1842:Duc d'Enghien Execution
939:David Nicholls (1999).
879:(1852â1870) as Emperor
849:Prince Royal of Holland
823:Hortense de Beauharnais
559:Royal monogram of Louis
544:Constable of the Empire
523:Hortense de Beauharnais
415:Hortense de Beauharnais
223:Hortense de Beauharnais
4533:Monarchs who abdicated
4483:French Roman Catholics
4370:Louis, Prince Napoléon
4324:William Bonaparte-Wyse
4314:Prince Louis Bonaparte
4233:Prince JérÎme Napoléon
4208:Prince Pierre Napoléon
3967:Bonapartist pretenders
3822:
3813:
3399:Ferdinand VII of Spain
1847:Coronation of Napoleon
1270:Napoleon, King of Rome
818:
729:
659:
608:
560:
552:
497:Bertrand de Boucheporn
194:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
4488:Dutch Roman Catholics
4375:Andrew Bonaparte-Wyse
4334:Lucien Bonaparte-Wyse
4153:JĂ©rĂŽme I of Westfalia
3820:
3811:
3686:Conference of Dresden
3595:Paris (February 1812)
3524:SwedishâNorwegian War
3349:Alexander I of Russia
1312:EugĂšne de Beauharnais
1185:Emperor of the French
1178:â TITULAR â
1013:Geer, Walter (1929).
809:
802:Marriage and children
719:
706:Decree of Rambouillet
654:
603:
558:
540:
517:. After becoming the
359:Emperor of the French
62:Charles Howard Hodges
4538:Constables of France
4329:Marie Bonaparte-Wyse
4040:Napoléon VII Charles
3640:Fontainebleau (1814)
3194:Louis-Nicolas Davout
2115:Invasion of Portugal
1480:(1813-1815) and the
877:Second French Empire
853:Notre Dame Cathedral
726:Vogel von Vogelstein
585:; he called himself
441:Second French Empire
387:[ËloËdÉÊÉik]
4218:Louis II of Holland
4203:Prince Louis Lucien
4062:Orléanist pretender
3834:Unionist pretenders
3666:Bourbon Restoration
3409:Maria I of Portugal
3394:Prince of Hohenlohe
3384:Gebhard von BlĂŒcher
2327:Neumarkt-Sankt Veit
1634:Swiss Confederation
1241:First French Empire
1077:Alan Schom (1998).
1030:Foissy, M. (1830).
863:Grand Duchy of Berg
816:Jean-Baptiste Wicar
742:Constable of France
720:Louis Bonaparte in
421:(Napoleon's wife).
4448:House of Bonaparte
4183:Princess Charlotte
4138:Louis I of Holland
3823:
3814:
3681:Continental System
3676:Congress of Erfurt
3600:Paris (March 1812)
3374:Peter Wittgenstein
3299:Duke of Wellington
3254:Prince Poniatowski
3219:Jean-de-Dieu Soult
3204:Auguste de Marmont
2599:Arroyo dos Molinos
2447:Walcheren Campaign
2437:Armistice of Znaim
2332:Dalmatian Campaign
2257:Tyrolean Rebellion
1392:Kingdom of Holland
1162:Titles in pretence
1111:House of Bonaparte
967:, Yevgeny (1937).
900:FrĂ©dĂ©ric Masson â
819:
792:Saint-Leu-la-ForĂȘt
738:Saint-Leu-la-ForĂȘt
734:comte de Saint-Leu
730:
683:invasion of Russia
660:
609:
595:Koning van Holland
591:Konijn van 'Olland
575:Kingdom of Holland
561:
553:
525:, the daughter of
455:Louis was born in
417:, the daughter of
363:Kingdom of Holland
209:Saint-Leu-la-ForĂȘt
18:Louis I of Holland
4420:
4419:
4118:Joseph I of Spain
4070:
4069:
4065:
4024:Napoléon V Victor
4020:Napoléon V JérÎme
4009:
4006:Emperor 1852â1870
3776:Monarchy in exile
3730:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3718:Types of military
3514:Russo-Turkish War
3509:Russo-Persian War
3477:Anglo-Turkish War
3472:Anglo-Swedish War
3467:Anglo-Spanish War
3462:Anglo-Russian War
3389:Duke of Brunswick
3292:political leaders
3172:political leaders
3156:
3155:
2161:Medina de Rioseco
1883:Haslach-Jungingen
1817:French Revolution
1794:
1793:
1577:Seventh Coalition
1489:
1488:
1350:
1349:
1204:
1203:
1195:Succeeded by
1180:
1151:Succeeded by
1094:978-0-06-092958-9
950:978-0-87436-957-1
571:Batavian Republic
569:Feeling that the
542:Louis Bonaparte,
527:Empress Josephine
426:Batavian Republic
419:Empress Joséphine
344:
343:
327:Roman Catholicism
286:
285:
174:Kingdom of France
16:(Redirected from
4550:
4165:
4104:Bonaparte family
4097:
4090:
4083:
4074:
4073:
4059:
4003:
3757:
3750:
3743:
3734:
3733:
3494:Dano-Swedish War
3482:Anglo-Danish War
3334:Archduke Charles
3249:JĂ©rĂŽme Bonaparte
3165:
3164:
3098:Castel di Sangro
3007:FĂšre-Champenoise
2660:GarcĂa HernĂĄndez
2574:Fuentes de Oñoro
2090:Guttstadt-Deppen
1827:Second Coalition
1805:
1804:
1786:French Royalists
1593:
1592:
1542:Fourth Coalition
1516:
1509:
1502:
1493:
1492:
1476:1. See also the
1466:Willem-Alexander
1419:
1377:
1370:
1363:
1354:
1353:
1332:Lucien Bonaparte
1322:JĂ©rĂŽme Bonaparte
1297:Joseph Bonaparte
1282:
1230:
1223:
1216:
1207:
1206:
1176:
1168:Preceded by
1127:
1120:
1119:2 September 1778
1106:Louis Bonaparte
1102:
1101:
1098:
1064:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1010:
1004:
1003:
985:
979:
978:
961:
955:
954:
936:
930:
929:
911:
905:
898:
634:diplomatic corps
489:JĂ©rĂŽme Bonaparte
399:Letizia Ramolino
395:Carlo Buonaparte
389:
351:Luigi Buonaparte
340:
317:Letizia Ramolino
307:Carlo Buonaparte
274:
273:
254:Napoléon-Charles
238:
236:
186:
163:2 September 1778
134:
122:
113:
83:
58:
46:
45:
21:
4558:
4557:
4553:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4548:
4547:
4433:Louis Bonaparte
4423:
4422:
4421:
4416:
4400:
4384:
4380:Eugenia Rasponi
4338:
4252:
4228:Dermide Leclerc
4166:
4157:
4106:
4101:
4071:
4066:
4053:
3961:
3898:
3824:
3815:
3803:
3770:
3761:
3731:
3722:
3649:
3533:
3454:
3448:
3404:Miguel de Ălava
3369:Pyotr Bagration
3364:Count Bennigsen
3354:Mikhail Kutuzov
3319:Thomas Cochrane
3291:
3289:
3283:
3244:Louis Bonaparte
3171:
3169:
3168:French and ally
3152:
3036:
2952:ChĂąteau-Thierry
2915:
2779:
2750:Maloyaroslavets
2608:
2522:
2476:
2267:Yevenes/YĂ©benes
2225:
2141:Rosily Squadron
2119:
2043:
2009:Waren-Nossentin
1937:
1868:Cape Finisterre
1851:
1822:First Coalition
1800:
1790:
1697:
1690:
1601:
1597:
1588:
1582:
1570:Sixth Coalition
1556:Fifth Coalition
1535:Third Coalition
1525:
1523:Napoleonic Wars
1520:
1490:
1485:
1470:
1428:
1420:
1411:
1394:
1386:
1381:
1351:
1346:
1336:
1317:Elisa Bonaparte
1302:Louis Bonaparte
1283:
1274:
1243:
1234:
1200:
1191:
1187:
1181:
1173:
1156:
1147:
1144:King of Holland
1121:
1115:
1114:
1107:
1095:
1073:
1071:Further reading
1068:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1045:
1041:
1028:
1024:
1011:
1007:
1000:
986:
982:
962:
958:
951:
937:
933:
926:
912:
908:
899:
895:
890:
829:, and his wife
804:
728:in 1813 or 1815
714:
567:
549:François Gérard
535:
477:Elisa Bonaparte
453:
268:
240:
232:
228:
225:
212:
188:
184:
164:
132:
120:
114:
109:
81:
71:King of Holland
65:
49:Louis Bonaparte
44:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4556:
4546:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4523:Exiled royalty
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4418:
4417:
4415:
4414:
4408:
4406:
4405:6th generation
4402:
4401:
4399:
4398:
4392:
4390:
4389:5th generation
4386:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4346:
4344:
4343:4th generation
4340:
4339:
4337:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4304:Prince Charles
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4260:
4258:
4257:3rd generation
4254:
4253:
4251:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4174:
4172:
4171:2nd generation
4168:
4167:
4160:
4158:
4156:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4114:
4112:
4111:1st generation
4108:
4107:
4100:
4099:
4092:
4085:
4077:
4068:
4067:
4058:
4055:
4054:
4052:
4051:
4036:
4030:
4016:
4010:
3997:
3991:
3985:
3979:
3972:
3970:
3969:(1814âpresent)
3963:
3962:
3960:
3959:
3952:
3946:
3940:
3934:
3928:
3922:
3916:
3909:
3907:
3906:(1883âpresent)
3900:
3899:
3897:
3896:
3889:
3883:
3877:
3871:
3865:
3858:
3852:
3846:
3839:
3837:
3836:(1830âpresent)
3826:
3825:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3801:
3794:
3788:
3781:
3779:
3772:
3771:
3760:
3759:
3752:
3745:
3737:
3728:
3727:
3724:
3723:
3721:
3720:
3715:
3713:Longwood House
3710:
3709:
3708:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3657:
3655:
3651:
3650:
3648:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3541:
3539:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3458:
3456:
3450:
3449:
3447:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3419:Count of Feira
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3314:Horatio Nelson
3311:
3306:
3301:
3295:
3293:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3224:Marshal Victor
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3175:
3173:
3162:
3158:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3044:
3042:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
3002:Arcis-sur-Aube
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2923:
2921:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2787:
2785:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2745:Venta del Pozo
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2620:Ciudad Rodrigo
2616:
2614:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2498:Ciudad Rodrigo
2495:
2490:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2474:
2472:Alba de Tormes
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2372:Aspern-Essling
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1974:JenaâAuerstedt
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1938:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1859:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1850:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1813:
1811:
1802:
1796:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1746:Ottoman Empire
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1706:United Kingdom
1702:
1700:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1676:Ottoman Empire
1673:
1671:DenmarkâNorway
1668:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1614:Polish Legions
1611:
1605:
1603:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1580:
1573:
1566:
1559:
1552:
1549:Peninsular War
1545:
1538:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1519:
1518:
1511:
1504:
1496:
1487:
1486:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1432:
1430:
1429:(1815âpresent)
1422:
1421:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1409:
1404:
1398:
1396:
1388:
1387:
1380:
1379:
1372:
1365:
1357:
1348:
1347:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1293:
1291:
1289:French Princes
1285:
1284:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1251:
1249:
1245:
1244:
1233:
1232:
1225:
1218:
1210:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1193:
1188:King of Italy
1174:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1152:
1149:
1140:
1134:
1133:
1132:Regnal titles
1129:
1128:
1108:
1105:
1100:
1099:
1093:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1056:
1039:
1022:
1005:
999:978-1137455475
998:
980:
956:
949:
931:
925:978-3319495897
924:
906:
892:
891:
889:
886:
885:
884:
870:
856:
803:
800:
713:
710:
691:King of Sweden
672:Louis the Good
583:Dutch language
579:French prefect
534:
531:
452:
449:
342:
341:
334:
330:
329:
324:
320:
319:
314:
310:
309:
304:
300:
299:
294:
288:
287:
284:
283:
279:
278:
270:
269:
267:
266:
261:
259:Napoléon-Louis
256:
250:
248:
242:
241:
230:
226:
221:
220:
218:
214:
213:
203:
201:
197:
196:
187:(aged 67)
181:
177:
176:
161:
157:
156:
153:
152:
149:
148:
145:
144:
141:
140:
135:
129:
128:
123:
117:
116:
106:
105:
99:
98:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
80:5 June 1806 â
78:
74:
73:
67:
66:
59:
51:
50:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4555:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4430:
4428:
4413:
4410:
4409:
4407:
4403:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4387:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4347:
4345:
4341:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4238:Prince JĂ©rĂŽme
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4169:
4164:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4115:
4113:
4109:
4105:
4098:
4093:
4091:
4086:
4084:
4079:
4078:
4075:
4063:
4056:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4037:
4035:
4031:
4029:
4025:
4021:
4017:
4015:
4011:
4007:
4002:
3998:
3996:
3992:
3990:
3986:
3984:
3980:
3978:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3964:
3957:
3953:
3951:
3947:
3945:
3941:
3939:
3935:
3933:
3929:
3927:
3923:
3921:
3917:
3915:
3911:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3901:
3894:
3890:
3888:
3884:
3882:
3878:
3876:
3872:
3870:
3869:Philippe VIII
3866:
3863:
3859:
3857:
3853:
3851:
3847:
3845:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3831:
3827:
3819:
3810:
3799:
3795:
3793:
3789:
3787:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3765:
3758:
3753:
3751:
3746:
3744:
3739:
3738:
3735:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3658:
3656:
3654:Miscellaneous
3652:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3542:
3540:
3536:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3457:
3451:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3329:Manuel Lapeña
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3294:
3286:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3259:Prince EugĂšne
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3209:André Masséna
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3189:Joachim Murat
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3166:
3163:
3159:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3133:Rocheserviere
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3039:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2918:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2821:San SebastiĂĄn
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2782:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2611:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2525:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2479:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2382:Sankt Michael
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2297:Teugen-Hausen
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2122:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2046:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1940:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1803:
1797:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1693:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1599:client states
1594:
1591:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1574:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1537:
1536:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1524:
1517:
1512:
1510:
1505:
1503:
1498:
1497:
1494:
1483:
1479:
1473:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1418:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1378:
1373:
1371:
1366:
1364:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1345:
1344:vassal states
1339:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1307:Joachim Murat
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1281:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1231:
1226:
1224:
1219:
1217:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1199:
1190:
1189:
1186:
1179:
1172:
1166:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1146:
1145:
1139:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1118:
1113:
1112:
1103:
1096:
1090:
1086:
1085:HarperCollins
1082:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1060:
1052:
1051:
1043:
1035:
1034:
1026:
1018:
1017:
1009:
1001:
995:
991:
984:
976:
972:
971:
966:
960:
952:
946:
942:
935:
927:
921:
917:
910:
903:
897:
893:
882:
878:
874:
871:
868:
864:
860:
857:
854:
850:
846:
843:
842:
841:
838:
834:
832:
828:
824:
817:
814:, painted by
813:
808:
799:
797:
796:Ăle-de-France
793:
789:
784:
782:
778:
774:
769:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
745:
743:
739:
735:
727:
723:
718:
709:
707:
703:
699:
695:
692:
688:
684:
678:
677:
673:
669:
665:
658:
653:
649:
646:
642:
637:
635:
631:
627:
623:
618:
615:
606:
602:
598:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
566:
557:
550:
546:
545:
539:
530:
528:
524:
520:
516:
511:
509:
505:
500:
498:
494:
493:Mr de Marbeuf
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
448:
446:
442:
437:
435:
434:French Empire
431:
427:
422:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
391:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
339:
335:
331:
328:
325:
321:
318:
315:
311:
308:
305:
301:
298:
295:
293:
289:
280:
275:
271:
265:
262:
260:
257:
255:
252:
251:
249:
247:
243:
224:
219:
215:
210:
206:
202:
198:
195:
191:
182:
178:
175:
171:
167:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
139:
136:
130:
127:
124:
118:
112:
107:
104:
100:
96:
93:
90:
86:
79:
75:
72:
68:
63:
57:
52:
47:
42:
35:
30:
19:
4498:Napoleon III
4223:Napoléon III
4137:
4001:Napoléon III
3994:
3862:Philippe VII
3701:Grande Armée
3661:Bibliography
3645:Paris (1815)
3605:Paris (1814)
3590:Paris (1810)
3570:Finckenstein
3545:Campo Formio
3304:Rowland Hill
3290:military and
3243:
3170:military and
3143:Rocquencourt
3012:Saint-Dizier
2982:Bar-sur-Aube
2937:Mincio River
2432:Schöngrabern
2211:2nd Zaragoza
2151:1st Zaragoza
2105:Stralsund II
1954:Campo Tenese
1928:Schöngrabern
1913:Cape Ortegal
1863:Diamond Rock
1741:Papal States
1575:
1568:
1561:
1554:
1547:
1540:
1533:
1484:(1815â1839).
1401:
1327:Joseph Fesch
1301:
1198:Napoleon III
1183:
1182:
1177:
1142:
1137:
1126:25 July 1846
1123:
1116:
1109:
1079:
1059:
1049:
1042:
1032:
1025:
1015:
1008:
989:
983:
969:
959:
940:
934:
915:
909:
901:
896:
881:Napoleon III
839:
835:
820:
785:
777:Napoleon III
773:Bonapartists
770:
746:
733:
731:
679:
675:
671:
661:
638:
619:
610:
594:
590:
586:
568:
541:
519:First Consul
512:
501:
454:
445:Napoleon III
438:
430:puppet state
423:
392:
382:
374:
367:client state
350:
346:
345:
185:(1846-07-25)
183:25 July 1846
138:Napoleon III
133:Succeeded by
110:
60:Portrait by
34:Napoleon III
29:
4443:1846 deaths
4438:1778 births
4188:Napoléon II
4034:Napoléon VI
4014:Napoléon IV
3983:Napoléon II
3950:Alphonse II
3932:Charles XII
3798:Louis XVIII
3778:(1792â1815)
3529:War of 1812
3487:Gunboat War
3444:Louis XVIII
3199:Jean Lannes
3113:Quatre Bras
3103:San Germano
3053:Occhiobello
2942:Champaubert
2932:La RothiĂšre
2856:San Marcial
2740:2nd Polotsk
2705:1st Polotsk
2690:Majadahonda
2630:Villagarcia
2559:Campo Maior
2347:Piave River
2272:Ciudad Real
2262:Villafranca
2131:Dos de Mayo
2080:Stralsund I
1832:18 Brumaire
1766:Netherlands
1664:WĂŒrttemberg
1446:William III
1395:(1806â1810)
781:coup d'Ă©tat
763:, but King
708:on 9 July.
411:French Army
371:Netherlands
121:Preceded by
82:1 July 1810
4427:Categories
4123:Napoléon I
3977:Napoléon I
3975:1814 1815
3944:Jacques II
3938:Alphonse I
3920:Charles XI
3830:Legitimist
3792:Louis XVII
3671:Casualties
3585:Schönbrunn
3560:Artlenburg
3309:John Moore
3214:Michel Ney
3083:Scapezzano
3073:Cesenatico
3017:Montmartre
2947:Montmirail
2881:Wartenburg
2836:GroĂbeeren
2695:Gorodechno
2685:Klyastitsy
2665:Saltanovka
2554:Casal Novo
2427:Hollabrunn
2412:Korneuburg
2206:Somosierra
2110:Copenhagen
1933:Austerlitz
1923:DĂŒrenstein
1659:Westphalia
1602:and allies
1451:Wilhelmina
1441:William II
888:References
768:subjects.
765:William II
587:Lodewijk I
563:See also:
451:Early life
383:Lodewijk I
365:(a French
355:Napoleon I
4046:present (
3926:Jacques I
3887:Henri VII
3850:Louis XIX
3844:Charles X
3800:1814 1815
3786:Louis XVI
3635:Casalanza
3610:Tauroggen
3565:Pressburg
3550:Lunéville
3455:conflicts
3288:Coalition
3138:La Suffel
3088:Tolentino
2972:Montereau
2957:Vauchamps
2906:Bornhöved
2861:Dennewitz
2806:Tarragona
2755:Chashniki
2655:Salamanca
2579:Tarragona
2503:Barquilla
2457:Almonacid
2417:Stockerau
2387:Stralsund
2357:2nd Porto
2337:Ebelsberg
2307:Abensberg
2277:1st Porto
2237:CastellĂłn
2221:Benavente
2186:Valmaseda
2100:Friedland
2095:Heilsberg
2065:OstroĆÄka
2055:Mohrungen
1989:Magdeburg
1918:Amstetten
1903:Trafalgar
1888:Elchingen
1873:Wertingen
1771:Brunswick
1696:Coalition
1436:William I
1138:New title
970:Bonaparte
753:Francis I
664:explosion
626:The Hague
622:Amsterdam
515:Directory
333:Signature
297:Bonaparte
111:In office
88:Successor
4048:disputed
3956:Louis XX
3914:Jean III
3881:Henri VI
3875:Jean III
3706:Uniforms
3620:Chaumont
3538:Treaties
3239:Joseph I
3179:Napoleon
3123:Waterloo
3063:Casaglia
3027:Toulouse
2911:Sehested
2886:Bidassoa
2866:2nd Kulm
2851:1st Kulm
2841:Katzbach
2831:Sorauren
2826:Pyrenees
2791:Castalla
2775:Berezina
2765:Smoliani
2735:Tarutino
2720:Borodino
2710:Valutino
2700:Smolensk
2670:Ostrovno
2640:Maguilla
2604:Valencia
2594:Saguntum
2442:Talavera
2322:Ratisbon
2312:Landshut
2287:Bergisel
2282:MedellĂn
2196:Espinosa
2156:Valencia
2029:Czarnowo
1999:Pasewalk
1994:Prenzlau
1969:Saalfeld
1908:Caldiero
1878:GĂŒnzburg
1756:Sardinia
1731:Portugal
1407:Louis II
1171:Joseph I
1154:Louis II
1063:McMillan
751:Emperor
749:Austrian
657:Ten Kate
614:Hortense
485:Caroline
469:Napoleon
405:, which
323:Religion
92:Louis II
41:Napoleon
4022:/ 1891
3958:present
3895:present
3893:Jean IV
3856:Henri V
3453:Related
3032:Bayonne
2997:Craonne
2967:Mormant
2927:Brienne
2901:Nivelle
2891:Leipzig
2846:Dresden
2816:Vitoria
2801:Bautzen
2770:Krasnoi
2715:Mesoten
2675:Vitebsk
2635:Almaraz
2625:Badajoz
2584:Albuera
2569:Almeida
2564:Sabugal
2549:Redinha
2539:Barrosa
2518:Bussaco
2513:Almeida
2493:Astorga
2462:Tamames
2422:Gefrees
2377:Alcañiz
2317:EckmĂŒhl
2247:Corunna
2216:SahagĂșn
2181:Zornoza
2176:Vimeiro
2146:CabezĂłn
2070:Kolberg
2039:PuĆtusk
2034:Golymin
2024:Hamelin
2004:Stettin
1964:Schleiz
1809:Prelude
1801:battles
1776:Hanover
1721:Prussia
1711:Austria
1649:Bavaria
1629:Etruria
1624:Holland
1596:France,
1589:gerents
1461:Beatrix
1456:Juliana
1402:Louis I
1239:of the
867:measles
788:Livorno
702:Oudinot
630:Utrecht
605:Guilder
508:General
481:Pauline
461:Corsica
457:Ajaccio
403:Corsica
375:Louis I
239:
231:
227:
211:, Paris
190:Livorno
170:Corsica
166:Ajaccio
3989:Joseph
3766:since
3630:Mantua
3580:Cintra
3575:Tilsit
3555:Amiens
3093:Ancona
3078:Pesaro
3048:Panaro
2977:Orthez
2962:Garris
2876:RoĂlau
2871:Göhrde
2811:Luckau
2796:LĂŒtzen
2760:Vyazma
2730:Burgos
2725:Moscow
2680:Kobryn
2589:Usagre
2544:Pombal
2534:Gebora
2407:Wagram
2367:Tarvis
2342:Girona
2302:Raszyn
2292:Sacile
2201:Tudela
2191:Burgos
2171:Roliça
2166:Bailén
2085:Mileto
2075:Danzig
2014:LĂŒbeck
1979:Erfurt
1898:Verona
1781:Nassau
1761:Sweden
1751:Persia
1736:Sicily
1716:Russia
1698:forces
1681:Persia
1654:Saxony
1639:Naples
1609:France
1587:Belli-
1122:
1091:
996:
947:
922:
668:Leiden
551:, 1806
487:, and
475:, and
473:Lucien
465:Joseph
349:(born
313:Mother
303:Father
217:Spouse
200:Burial
64:, 1809
4038:1997
4032:1926
4028:Louis
4018:1879
4012:1873
3999:1846
3995:Louis
3993:1844
3987:1832
3981:1821
3954:1989
3948:1975
3942:1941
3936:1936
3930:1931
3924:1909
3918:1887
3912:1883
3891:2019
3885:1999
3879:1940
3873:1926
3867:1894
3860:1883
3854:1844
3848:1836
3842:1830
3796:1795
3790:1793
3784:1792
3696:Films
3128:Wavre
3118:Ligny
3108:Gaeta
3068:Ronco
3058:Carpi
3022:Paris
2992:Reims
2896:Hanau
2488:CĂĄdiz
2467:Ocaña
2452:Ălper
2397:MarĂa
2362:Wörgl
2352:GrijĂł
2252:Valls
2242:Uclés
2136:Bruch
2060:Eylau
1984:Halle
1959:Maida
1949:Gaeta
1799:Major
1726:Spain
1686:Spain
1619:Italy
1124:Died:
1117:Born:
965:Tarle
712:Exile
379:Dutch
292:House
277:Names
246:Issue
233:(
229:
77:Reign
3768:1792
3625:Kiel
3615:Ried
3161:Info
3148:Issy
3041:1815
2987:Laon
2920:1814
2784:1813
2650:Ekau
2613:1812
2527:1811
2481:1810
2402:Graz
2392:Raab
2230:1809
2124:1808
2048:1807
1942:1806
1856:1805
1089:ISBN
994:ISBN
945:ISBN
920:ISBN
757:Graz
722:Rome
643:and
397:and
180:Died
160:Born
2645:Mir
2508:CĂŽa
1893:Ulm
547:by
390:).
4429::
4042:/
4026:/
1087:.
1083:.
975:95
798:.
794:,
783:.
628:,
624:,
483:,
471:,
467:,
459:,
447:.
381::
357:,
235:m.
207:,
192:,
172:,
168:,
4096:e
4089:t
4082:v
4060:*
4050:)
4008:)
4004:(
3864:*
3832:/
3756:e
3749:t
3742:v
1515:e
1508:t
1501:v
1376:e
1369:t
1362:v
1229:e
1222:t
1215:v
1097:.
1002:.
977:.
953:.
928:.
883:.
377:(
43:.
36:.
20:)
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