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210:. The "Queen's Lyre" is 110 centimetres (44 in) in height and is similar in appearance to that of the "Great Lyre". The mask of the bull is gold. The eyes, hair, and beard are all made of lapis lazuli and the horns are modern. The shape of the lyre is meant to resemble a bull's body. A noticeable difference between the "Great Lyre" and the "Queen's Lyre" is that the "Great Lyre" has a straight forehead whereas the "Queen's Lyre" curves slightly around the brow bone. It is held in the
221:" is 40 cm in height, 11 cm in width, and 19 cm in depth. The shape of the lyre is meant to resemble a bull's body. Its head, face and horns are all wrapped in gold foil while its hair, beard, and eyes are made of lapis lazuli. Below the head is a front panel made of shell inlay set into bitumen. This panel depicts a figure holding onto a bull's horns above, and animals acting as humans below. The bull head itself likely represents the sun god
2222:
2118:
44:
279:
291:
228:
The "Silver Lyre" is 110 cm (42 in) in height and 97 cm (38 in) in width. It is one of two silver lyres taken from the "Great Death Pit". Both lyres were made of wood and then covered in sheets of silver that were attached with small silver nails. The eyes are made of lapis lazuli
166:
A lyre is a musical instrument that is stringed and has a role projecting from the body. There are two types of lyres: box and bowl. Like their names suggest, the box lyres have a boxlike body and the bowl lyres have a round body with a curved back. The Lyres of Ur are box lyres. They were played in
157:
Leonard
Woolley dug up the lyres from amongst the skeletons of ten women in the Royal Cemetery at Ur. One skeleton was even said to be lying against the lyre with her hand placed where the strings would have been. Woolley was quick to pour in a liquid plaster to recover the delicate form of the
203:. The beard is similar in appearance to the "Great Lyre" and the "Queen's Lyre". The body of the bull was originally wood but did not survive. Its discoverer, Woolley, believed that, unlike the other lyres, the body of the "Golden Lyre" would have originally had legs.
94:
Strictly speaking, three lyres and one harp were unearthed, but all are often called lyres. The instrument remains were restored and distributed between the museums that took part in the excavations. The "Golden Lyre of Ur" or "Bull's Lyre", the finest, is in the
229:
and the lyre was also trimmed with narrow borders of lapis lazuli. This is the only lyre that is not bearded. Because of this fresh face some believe it is actually a cow rather than a bull. It is held by the
British Museum.
174:
in accompaniment to songs. Each lyre has 11 strings to play on that would produce a buzzing noise that is repeated throughout the song. The musician playing the instrument would repeat the pattern displayed on the lyre.
334:
247:
2001:
233:
123:
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31:
79:, between about 2550 and 2450 BC, making them the world's oldest surviving stringed instruments. Carefully restored and reconstructed, they are now divided between museums in
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wooden frame. The wood of the lyres was decayed but since some were covered in nonperishable materials, like gold and silver, they were able to be taken.
2006:
1817:
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Cow's head of the Silver Lyre, from the Great Death Pit at the Royal
Cemetery, Ur, southern Mesopotamia, Iraq. The British Museum, London
1005:
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Bull's head of the Queen's lyre from Pu-abi's grave PG 800, the Royal
Cemetery at Ur, Southern Mesopotamia, Iraq. British Museum
2101:
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1972:
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225:, who was thought to be able to descend into the underworld. The lyre is held in the Penn Museum in Philadelphia.
1937:
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195:. The "Golden Lyre" got its name because the whole head of the bull is made of gold. The eyes are made of inlaid
882:
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A team of engineers at the
University of Liverpool has helped reproduce an ancient Iraqi harp - the Lyre of Ur
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and is contemporary Iraq. They are over 4,500 years old, from ancient
Mesopotamia during the
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The Queen's Lyre and the Silver Lyre, from the Royal
Cemetery at Ur, southern Mesopotamia, Iraq,
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Musica
Practica: The Social Practice of Western Music from Gregorian Chant to Postmodernism
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in
Baghdad. Its reconstructed wooden body was damaged due to flooding during the Second
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Art of the First Cities: The third millennium B.C. from the
Mediterranean to the Indus
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Leonard Woolley holding the hardened plaster mold of the Sumerian Queen's Lyre, 1922
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The "Golden Lyre of Ur" or "Bull's Lyre" is the finest lyre, and was given to the
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Because of their positioning in situ it is believed that the lyres were used in
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Greene, Virginia (2003). "Conservation of a lyre from Ur: A treatment review".
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The "Queen's Lyre" is one of two that Woolley removed from the grave of Queen
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150:(2550ā2450 BC). The decorations on the lyres are fine examples of the court
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University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology
122:, representing a joint expedition of the British Museum and the
51:
showing lyrist, excavated from the same site as the Lyres of Ur.
1944:
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207:
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an upright position with the strings plucked with both hands.
640:
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in London has the "Queen's Lyre" and "Silver Lyre", and the
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131:
80:
416:
43:
222:
118:
In 1929, archaeologists led by the British archaeologist
71:
in modern Iraq from 1922 onwards. They date back to the
663:"The Casualties of War: The Truth about the Iraq Museum"
191:; a replica of it is being played as part of a touring
139:
427:"Ancient Iraqi harp reproduced by Liverpool engineers"
23:
The Golden Lyre of Ur, from the Royal Cemetery at Ur,
588:
Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research
759:Journal of the American Institute for Conservation
1071:Amun in the form of a ram protecting King Taharqa
660:
2238:
514:"Lyre with bearded bull's head and inlaid panel"
546:. New York, NY: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
479:
477:
475:
473:
328:The Golden Lyre from Woolley's published record
541:
397:
2148:
853:
126:, found the instruments while excavating the
2272:Middle Eastern objects in the British Museum
470:
67:excavated in a fragmentary condition at the
312:motif in a panel of the soundboard of the "
2155:
2141:
1006:Colossal quartzite statue of Amenhotep III
860:
846:
1701:Kition Necropolis Phoenician inscriptions
732:
581:
559:
555:
553:
16:Ancient musical instruments found in Iraq
1189:Percival David Foundation of Chinese Art
1139:Dhaneswar Khera Buddha image inscription
42:
30:
18:
1543:Sarcophagus of Seianti Hanunia Tlesnasa
2277:Objects in the National Museum of Iraq
2239:
2097:Royal Commission on the British Museum
756:
550:
236:also holds a silver boat-shaped Lyre.
2136:
2023:A History of the World in 100 Objects
841:
728:
726:
537:
535:
533:
508:
506:
2002:Conservation and Scientific Research
2292:Early Dynastic Period (Mesopotamia)
378:, ancient Hebrew form of a harp or
369:, ancient Hebrew form of a lyre or
47:Detail of the "Peace" panel of the
13:
2287:Sculpture of the Ancient Near East
2262:Archaeological discoveries in Iraq
867:
818:"Museum of the World: Silver lyre"
723:
707:"Lyres from The Royal Tombs of Ur"
699:
530:
503:
457:
14:
2303:
2012:Portable Antiquities and Treasure
391:
178:
130:. They excavated pieces of three
2221:
2220:
2117:
2116:
2059:Films shot at the British Museum
1696:Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III
1411:Herculean Sarcophagus of Genzano
1099:Aphsad inscription of Ädityasena
333:
321:
302:
290:
278:
262:
246:
2252:1929 archaeological discoveries
2162:
810:
785:
750:
667:American Journal of Archaeology
661:Bogdanos, Matthew (July 2005).
654:
633:
617:"Encyclopedia Britannica Onlin"
582:Lawergren, Bo (November 2005).
1973:The Tale of the Flopsy Bunnies
1011:Colossal head of Amenhotep III
609:
575:
562:"The Lyre of Ur, Carl McTague"
451:
433:. 28 July 2005. Archived from
1:
1523:Priene dedicatory inscription
673:(3). Ajaonline.org: 477ā526.
542:Aruz, J.; Wallenfels (2003).
385:
1711:Complaint tablet to Ea-nÄį¹£ir
1686:Tell al-'Ubaid Copper Lintel
1154:Jade terrapin from Allahabad
1021:Gebelein predynastic mummies
1016:El-Amra clay model of cattle
7:
1726:Babylonian Map of the World
1281:Barber Cup and Crawford Cup
1210:The Great Wave off Kanagawa
1194:Seated Buddha from Gandhara
1114:AmitÄbha Buddha from Hancui
733:de Schauensee, Maude.
345:
10:
2308:
1056:Rhind Mathematical Papyrus
239:
2216:
2170:
2112:
2036:
1989:
1918:
1816:
1762:Lion Hunt of Ashurbanipal
1626:
1538:Sant'Angelo Muxaro Patera
1229:
1084:
989:
910:
901:
875:
148:Early Dynastic III Period
73:Early Dynastic III Period
2069:Repatriation controversy
1746:Flood tablet (Gilgamesh)
1528:Priene edict inscription
1361:Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo
1129:Mogao Christian painting
161:
2247:3rd-millennium BC works
2054:Dingwall Beloe Lectures
1756:Library of Ashurbanipal
1144:Hephthalite silver bowl
1109:Ambika Statue from Dhar
431:University of Liverpool
398:Michael Chanan (1994).
2007:Libraries and Archives
1808:Phoenician metal bowls
1736:Cylinders of Nabonidus
1199:Stamp seal (BM 119999)
402:. Verso. p. 170.
142:, located in what was
52:
40:
28:
1783:Babylonian Chronicles
1641:Assyrian lion weights
1618:Xanten Horse-Phalerae
1553:Stony Stratford Hoard
1471:Papyri of Oxyrhynchus
1371:Dionysus Sardanapalus
1316:Bronze head of Hypnos
952:Double-headed serpent
679:10.3764/aja.109.3.477
596:10.1086/BASOR25066917
518:With Art Philadelphia
46:
34:
22:
1966:The Disasters of War
1888:Sutton Hoo purse-lid
1838:Holy Thorn Reliquary
1184:Mathura lion capital
942:Bronze Head from Ife
711:Sumerian Shakespeare
352:Music of Mesopotamia
128:Royal Cemetery at Ur
69:Royal Cemetery at Ur
2049:British Museum Acts
1959:The Ancient of Days
1858:Mildenhall Treasure
1636:Ain Sakhri figurine
1567:Townley collection
1508:Petelia Gold Tablet
1436:Macmillan aryballos
1356:Chatuzange Treasure
1301:Boscoreale Treasure
1001:Battlefield Palette
981:Yaxchilan Lintel 24
822:Museum of the World
584:"Two Lyres from Ur"
460:"Golden Lyre of Ur"
362:1929 in archaeology
144:Ancient Mesopotamia
63:is a group of four
2188:Statue of Entemena
1931:DĆ¼rer's Rhinoceros
1910:Lampsacus Treasure
1905:Vindolanda Tablets
1798:Antiochus cylinder
1788:Ur Box inscription
1533:San Sosti Axe-Head
1456:Minoan Bull-leaper
1396:Farnese Diadumenos
1386:Esquiline Treasure
1331:Campo Iemini Venus
1291:Beaurains Treasure
1276:Asclepius of Milos
1216:Vishnu Nicolo Seal
1159:Kakiemon elephants
1094:Admonitions Scroll
947:Codex Kingsborough
893:Round Reading Room
797:The British Museum
152:art of Mesopotamia
65:string instruments
53:
41:
29:
2234:
2233:
2130:
2129:
2032:
2031:
1894:Swimming Reindeer
1883:Sutton Hoo helmet
1716:Tablet of Shamash
1608:Vaison Diadumenos
1558:Strangford Apollo
1366:Demeter of Knidos
1346:Chaourse Treasure
1336:Carthage Treasure
1261:Arcisate Treasure
1149:Huixian Bronze Hu
1104:Amaravati Marbles
1066:Sphinx of Taharqo
969:Kayung totem pole
963:Throne of Weapons
736:Two Lyres from Ur
621:academic.eb.com e
429:(Press release).
409:978-1-85984-005-4
310:Master of animals
269:Plaque from the "
172:burial ceremonies
2299:
2267:Individual harps
2224:
2223:
2208:Tell Asmar Hoard
2157:
2150:
2143:
2134:
2133:
2120:
2119:
1997:Coins and Medals
1873:Seax of Beagnoth
1721:Statue of Idrimi
1676:Ram in a Thicket
1548:Satala Aphrodite
1498:Paramythia Hoard
1341:Caubiac Treasure
1251:Apollo of Cyrene
1246:Aineta aryballos
1036:MacGregor plaque
908:
907:
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643:. lyre-of-ur.com
641:"lyre-of-ur.com"
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462:. Archived from
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314:Bull Headed Lyre
306:
294:
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271:Bull Headed Lyre
266:
255:Bull Headed Lyre
250:
219:Bull Headed Lyre
113:Bull-Headed Lyre
99:in Baghdad. The
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2302:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2237:
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2235:
2230:
2212:
2193:Bassetki Statue
2166:
2161:
2131:
2126:
2108:
2028:
1985:
1921:
1914:
1819:
1812:
1793:Kurkh Monoliths
1778:Lachish reliefs
1751:Jar of Xerxes I
1731:Rassam cylinder
1622:
1603:Uerdingen Hoard
1461:Nereid Monument
1401:Guilford Puteal
1391:Euphorbos plate
1351:Chatsworth Head
1311:Braganza Brooch
1256:Archangel ivory
1241:Aegina Treasure
1232:
1225:
1169:Kanishka casket
1124:Buddhapad Hoard
1080:
1031:Hunters Palette
992:
985:
957:Hoa Hakananai'a
913:
912:Africa, Oceania
903:
897:
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866:
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771:10.2307/3180072
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560:McTague, Carl.
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154:of the period.
120:Leonard Woolley
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2019:
2017:Rondanini Faun
2014:
2009:
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1999:
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1980:Triumphal Arch
1976:
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1962:
1955:
1952:Isabella Brant
1948:
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1915:
1913:
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1907:
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1897:
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1885:
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1868:Royal Gold Cup
1865:
1863:Ringlemere Cup
1860:
1855:
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1848:Lewis chessmen
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1824:
1822:
1814:
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1811:
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1805:
1803:Nimrud ivories
1800:
1795:
1790:
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1770:
1765:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1741:Cyrus Cylinder
1738:
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1723:
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1708:
1703:
1698:
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1671:Standard of Ur
1668:
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1661:Blau Monuments
1658:
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1563:Tomb of Payava
1560:
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1494:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1441:MĆ¢con Treasure
1438:
1433:
1428:
1426:Lion of Knidos
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1326:Bursa Treasure
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1306:Boy with Thorn
1303:
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1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
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1253:
1248:
1243:
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1206:
1204:Statue of Tara
1201:
1196:
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1186:
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1171:
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1156:
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1141:
1136:
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1119:Bimaran casket
1116:
1111:
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1936:
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1900:Hedwig glass
1892:
1773:Taylor Prism
1760:
1680:
1466:Oscan Tablet
1431:Lycurgus Cup
1421:Jennings Dog
1296:Blacas Cameo
1271:Arundel Head
1208:
1164:Kang Hou gui
975:Tree of Life
973:
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182:
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109:Philadelphia
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2164:Iraq Museum
1843:Hoxne Hoard
1681:Lyres of Ur
1656:Uruk Trough
1651:Blacas ewer
1628:Middle East
1321:Burgon vase
1221:Wardak Vase
1134:David Vases
1041:Min Palette
1026:Hornedjitef
927:Aubin Codex
904:and objects
902:Departments
883:Great Court
739:. Upenn.edu
234:Penn Museum
185:Iraq Museum
105:Penn Museum
97:Iraq Museum
77:Mesopotamia
61:Harps of Ur
57:Lyres of Ur
25:Iraq Museum
2241:Categories
2178:Warka Vase
1920:Prints and
1878:Sutton Hoo
1853:Lindow Man
1820:and Europe
1818:Prehistory
1666:Palmer Cup
1613:Warren Cup
1581:Discobolus
1451:Meroƫ Head
1406:Harpy Tomb
1174:Klang Bell
743:2014-03-17
716:2015-09-27
692:2014-03-17
647:2014-03-17
626:2015-10-29
601:21 October
568:2014-03-17
523:2015-09-26
496:2017-03-22
441:2009-11-23
386:References
87:, and the
2082:Directors
1416:Isis Tomb
1179:Kulu Vase
993:and Sudan
922:Akan Drum
827:18 August
802:18 August
687:163583412
189:Iraqi War
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2102:Trustees
2074:Secretum
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1571:Antinous
1233:and Rome
876:Building
346:See also
193:ensemble
134:and one
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2087:Friends
1586:Hadrian
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240:Gallery
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380:nabla
376:Nevel
217:The "
197:nacre
162:Lyres
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232:The
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