John J. Pershing - Knowledge

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sometimes deterred the would-be assassins." A footnote in the 2013 edition cites a letter from Maj. Gen. J. Franklin Bell to Pershing: "Of course there is nothing to be done, but I understand it has long been a custom to bury (insurgents) with pigs when they kill Americans. I think this a good plan, for if anything will discourage the (insurgents) it is the prospect of going to hell instead of to heaven. You can rely on me to stand by you in maintaining this custom. It is the only possible thing we can do to discourage crazy fanatics."

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that battalions had to rearrange their attack formations and caused a serious reduction in the size of the Allied force. For example, the 11th Brigade was now attacking with 2,200 men instead of 3,000. There was a further last-minute call for the removal of all American troops from the attack, but Monash, who had chosen July 4 as the date of the attack out of "deference" to the US troops, protested to Rawlinson and received support from Field Marshal

1655:(BEF). The four American companies that had joined the Australians during the assault were withdrawn from the line after the battle and returned to their regiments, having gained valuable experience. Monash sent the 33rd Division's commander, Bell, his personal thanks, praising the Americans' gallantry, while Pershing set out explicit instructions to ensure that US troops would not be employed in a similar manner again (except as described below). 2055:, then commanding the 84th Brigade of the 42nd Division, was really mistaken for a German officer and arrested). Liggett, who had been away from headquarters the previous day, had to sort out the mess and implement the instructions from the Allied Supreme Command, Marshal Foch, allowing the French to recapture the city; he later recorded that this was the only time during the war in which he lost his temper, describing the event as "an atrocity". 3526: 3586: 10300: 5902: 2868: 2844: 10283: 2364: 2822: 10317: 2800: 2778: 2751: 2723: 2701: 1720: 6901: 2298:, and wore a three-star insignia; his posthumous appointment to General of the Armies rank and the specific wording of the authorizing statute, Public Law 94-479, of October 1976, ensured that Washington would always be considered the U.S. Army's highest-ranking officer. Pershing was authorized to create his insignia for the new rank and chose to continue wearing four silver stars for the rest of his career. 10266: 3579: 3570: 8341: 2478: 2937: 1377:. Although there had been talk of war on the border for years, no steps had been taken to provide for the handling of supplies for an expedition. Despite this and other hindrances, such as the lack of aid from the former Mexican government, and their refusal to allow American troops to transport troops and supplies over their railroads, Pershing organized and commanded the 10226: 1212:, a move of which Congress approved. In skipping three ranks and more than 835 officers senior to him, the promotion gave rise to accusations that Pershing's appointment was the result of political connections and not military abilities. However, several other junior officers were similarly advanced to brigadier general ahead of their peers and seniors, including 6119: 6822: 6000: 6021: 7111: 7260: 1109:. At the time, Army officer promotions were based primarily on seniority rather than merit, and although there was widespread acknowledgment that Pershing should serve as a colonel, the Army General Staff declined to change their seniority-based promotion tradition just to accommodate Pershing. They would not consider a promotion to 4454: 6924: 6052: 4485: 5969: 762:, who said Pershing gave early promise of becoming an outstanding officer. Pershing briefly considered petitioning the Army to let him study law and delay the start of his mandatory military service. He also considered joining several classmates in a partnership that would pursue development of an irrigation project in 1357:, where a lacquered floor ignited; the flames rapidly spread, resulting in the smoke inhalation deaths of his wife, Frances Warren Pershing and three young daughters: Mary Margaret, age 3; Anne Orr, age 7; and Helen, age 8. Only his 6-year-old son, Warren, survived. After the funerals at Lakeview Cemetery in 847:, they did fight three days after it on January 1, 1891, when Sioux warriors attacked the 6th Cavalry's supply wagons. When the Sioux began firing at the wagons, Pershing and his troops heard the shots, and rode more than six miles to the location of the attack. The cavalry fired at the forces of Chief 5462:

Maj. Gen. John J. Pershing, the famous "Black jack" of the regulars, will go down in history as the first American army officer to command troops on the battlefields of Europe. He (Pershing) is one of the officers picked by Colonel Roosevelt, when the Colonel was President, for rapid promotion to the

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for service in Germany following the close of World War I. As the medal had a profile of Pershing on its obverse, Pershing became the only soldier in the history of the U.S. Army, and only one of four in the entire U.S. Armed Forces, eligible to wear a medal with his own likeness on it. Navy admirals

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to gain time or whether they were sincere in their desire to have an armistice; and the mere discussion of an armistice would not be sufficient grounds for any judicious commander to relax his military activities....No one could possibly know when the armistice was to be signed, or what hour be fixed

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dismissing Pershing's strategic efforts in the Meuse-Argonne offensive by recalling how "the attacks of the youthful American troops broke down with the heaviest losses". The AEF had performed well in the relatively open warfare of the Second Battle of the Marne, but the eventual American casualties

1968:, to withdraw to the Hindenburg Line on October 3 – and in notable contrast to the simultaneous British breakthrough of the Hindenburg Line in the north. Pershing was subsequently forced to reorganize the AEF with the creation of the Second Army, and to step down as the commander of the First Army. 626:

Pershing was also criticized by some historians for his actions on the day of armistice as the commander of the American Expeditionary Force. Pershing did not approve of the armistice, and despite knowing of the imminent ceasefire, he did not tell his commanders to suspend any new offensive actions

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in Washington, D.C. ROA is a 75,000-member, professional association of officers, former officers, and spouses of all the uniformed services of the United States, primarily the Reserve and United States National Guard. It is a congressionally chartered Association that advises the Congress and the

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American successes were largely credited to Pershing, and he became the most celebrated American leader of the war. MacArthur, however, saw Pershing as a desk soldier, and the relationship between the two men deteriorated by the end of the war. Similar criticism of senior commanders by the younger

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company, but there was difficulty in integrating the American platoons (which numbered 60 men) among the Australian companies of 100 men. This difficulty was overcome by reducing the size of each American platoon by one-fifth and sending the troops thus removed, which numbered 50 officers and men,

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so that the superstitious Moro would believe they would be going to hell. Pershing added that "it was not pleasant to have to take such measures". Historians do not believe that Pershing was directly involved with such incidents, or that he personally gave such orders to his subordinates. Letters

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The day before the attack was scheduled to commence, Pershing learned of the plan and ordered the withdrawal of six American companies. While a few Americans, such as those attached to the 42nd Battalion, disobeyed the order, the majority, although disappointed, moved back to the rear. This meant

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During his command in World War I, Pershing resisted British and French demands that American forces be integrated with their armies, essentially as replacement units, and insisted that the AEF would operate as a single unit under his command, although some American units fought under British and

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attacks were materially reduced in number by a practice the army had already adopted, one that Muhhamadans held in abhorrence. The bodies were publicly buried in the same grave with a dead pig. It was not pleasant to have to take such measures, but the prospect of going to hell instead of heaven

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Pershing met her when she traveled to Fort Bliss to visit her brother, and he introduced them. Pershing and Nita Patton soon began a relationship; they became engaged in 1917, but their separation because of Pershing's time in France during World War I ended it. Nita Patton never married, while

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He controversially ordered the First and Second Armies to continue fighting before the signed Armistice took effect. This resulted in 3,500 American casualties on the last day of the war, an act which was regarded as murder by a few officers under his command. Pershing doubted the Germans' good

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For extraordinary heroism against hostile fanatical Moros at Mount Bagsak, Jolo, Philippine Islands on June 15, 1913. He personally assumed command of the assaulting line at the most critical period when only about 15 yards from the last Moro position. His encouragement and splendid example of

1565:. Pershing removed the stars and flag from his car and sat up front with his chauffeur while traveling from his AEF headquarters to visit her by night in her apartment on the rue Descombes. Their friendship continued for the rest of his life. In 1946, at 85, Pershing secretly wed Resco in his 2957:

General of the Army was created as five-star rank by an Act of Congress on a temporary basis with the enactment of Public Law 78-482. The law creating the five-star rank stipulated that Pershing was to be considered senior to the five-star generals of World War II. The United States Infantry

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received the title of General of the Army in 1866. ... Carefully Congress wrote a bill (HR 7594) to revive the rank of General of the Armies for General Pershing alone to hold during his lifetime. The rank would cease to exist upon Pershing's death." Later, when asked if this made Pershing a

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on the Western Front. In response, Pershing said he would waive the idea of forming a separate American I Corps, and put all available American divisions at Pétain's disposal. The message was repeated to General Foch on March 28, after Foch assumed command of all allied armies. Most of these

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wrote that, on the contrary, Pershing's conduct toward the Moros was notable for its "unexpected sympathy," and for the fact that, because of Pershing's conscious effort to interact with and understand them, "he could negotiate with the Moros without the intervention of an interpreter."

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were the first American soldiers to fight in France in 1918, but they did so under French command as Pershing had detached them from the AEF to get them into action. Most regiments of the 92nd and all of the 93rd would continue to fight under French command for the duration of the war.

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Pershing had wartime affairs, including one with French-Romanian artist Micheline Resco (1894–1968), and he later expressed regret that he had let Nita Patton "get away". Resco was 34 years his junior and they had known each other and exchanged encoded love letters since meeting in

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The offensive was marked by a Pershing failure, specifically his reliance on massed infantry attacks with little artillery support led to high casualty rates in the capturing of three key points. This was despite the AEF facing only second-line German troops after the decision by

2206:) was made in the British and other armies, but, in Pershing's defense, although it was not uncommon for brigade commanders to serve near the front and even be killed, the state of communications in World War I made it more practical for senior generals to command from the rear. 2482: 2089:. In his memoirs, Pershing claimed that the American breakout from the Argonne at the start of November was the decisive event leading to the German acceptance of an armistice, because it made untenable the Antwerp–Meuse line. This is probably an exaggeration; the outbreak of 1767:

By early 1918, entire divisions were beginning to serve on the front lines alongside French troops. Although Pershing desired that the AEF fight as units under American command rather than being split up by battalions to augment British and French regiments and brigades, the

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instituted in 1956 bears considerable resemblance to the Pershing map. On his 64th birthday, September 13, 1924, Pershing retired from active military service. (Army regulations from the late 1860s to the early 1940s required officers to retire on their 64th birthday.)

2178: 1799:, believing staff planning had been inefficient with considerable internal dissension, as well as conflict between its members and those of Pershing's General Staff. Further, aircraft and unit totals lagged far behind those expected. Pershing appointed his former 449: 1971:

When he arrived in Europe, Pershing had openly scorned the slow trench warfare of the previous three years on the Western Front, believing that American soldiers' skill with the rifle would enable them to avoid costly and senseless fighting over a small area of

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Pershing attended a school in Laclede that was reserved for precocious students who were also the children of prominent citizens, and he later attended Laclede's one-room schoolhouse. After completing high school in 1878, he became a teacher of local

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to request that the recommendation not be acted on, though the board which considered the recommendation had already voted no before receiving Pershing's letter. In 1922 a further review of this event resulted in Pershing being recommended for the

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for the cessation of hostilities so that the only thing for us to do, and which I did as commander in chief of the American forces, and which Marshal Foch did as commander in chief of the Allied armies was to continue the military activities....

1512: 2481: 874:. The Citizens of Omaha presented the company with a large silver cup, the "Omaha Cup". On October 2, 1894, former members of Company A established a fraternal military drill organization named the Varsity Rifles. The group renamed itself the 1938:. Initially enjoying numerical odds of eight to one, this offensive eventually engaged 35 or 40 of the 190 or so German divisions on the Western Front, although to put this in perspective, around half the German divisions were engaged on the 2129:, and the Allied victories on the Western Front were among a series of events in the autumn of 1918 which made it clear that Allied victory was inevitable, and diplomatic inquiries about an armistice had been going on throughout October. 664:

in 1749. He had five siblings who lived to adulthood: brothers James F. (1862–1933) and Ward (1874–1909), and sisters Mary Elizabeth (1864–1928), Anna May (1867–1955) and Grace (1867–1903); three other children died in infancy. When the

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In 1897, Pershing was appointed to the West Point tactical staff as an instructor, where he was assigned to Cadet Company A. Because of his strictness and rigidity, Pershing was unpopular with the cadets, who took to calling him

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Some writers have speculated that Pershing's frustration at the slow progress through the Argonne was the cause of two incidents which then ensued. First, he ordered the U.S. First Army to take "the honor" of recapturing

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of the 66th Brigade. Monash had been promised ten companies of American troops and on June 30 the remaining companies of the 1st and 2nd battalions of the 131st regiment were sent. Each American platoon was attached to a

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on July 18–22, 1918. To speed up the arrival of American troops, they embarked for France leaving heavy equipment behind, and used British and French tanks, artillery, airplanes and other munitions. In September 1918 at

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in May, Wilson briefly interviewed Pershing, and then selected him for the command. He was officially installed in the position on May 10, 1917, and held the post until 1918. On October 6, 1917, Pershing, then a

1024:. He was honorably discharged from the volunteers and reverted to his permanent rank of first lieutenant on May 12, 1899. He was again commissioned as a major of Volunteers on June 6, 1899, this time as an assistant 1460:

As AEF commander, Pershing was responsible for the organization, training, and supply of a combined professional and draft Army and National Guard force that eventually grew from 27,000 inexperienced men to two

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After a year at Fort Bliss, Pershing decided to take his family there. The arrangements were almost complete, when on the morning of August 27, 1915, he received a telegram informing him of a house fire at the

1235:. Upon returning to the United States at the end of 1909, Pershing was assigned once again to the Philippines, an assignment in which he served until 1913. While in the Philippines, he served as Commander of 6444:

Bean, C.E.W (1942). The Australian Imperial Force in France during the Allied Offensive, 1918. Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918. Volume VI. Sydney, New South Wales: Angus and Robertson.

2040:; the ensuing confusion (an order was issued that "boundaries were not to be considered binding") exposed American troops to danger not only from the French on their left, but even from one another, as the 627:

or assaults in the final few hours of the war. In total, there were nearly 11,000 casualties (3,500 American), dead, missing, or injured during November 11, the final day of the war, which exceeded the

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There was a movement to draft Pershing as a candidate for president in 1920; he refused to campaign, but indicated that he "wouldn't decline to serve" if the people wanted him. Though Pershing was a

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of 1949 states 'Presumably a "General of the Armies" could wear six stars if he was so-minded'. Pershing's death before Congress decided whether to adopt the six-star insignia rendered the question

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against German defensive positions in the Argonne (roughly 120,000 American casualties in six weeks, against 35 or 40 German divisions) were not noticeably better than those of the Franco-British

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During this period Pershing's reputation for both stern discipline and effective leadership continued to grow, with one experienced old soldier under his command later saying Pershing was an "

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Pershing was sworn in as a West Point cadet in the autumn of 1882. He was selected early for leadership positions and became successively First Corporal, First Sergeant, First Lieutenant, and

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The war in Europe at the time that the United States became an associate of the Allies was still at a stalemate. The Allied countries were reaching the exhaustion of both men and supplies ...

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decoration. A commanding officer here commented on Pershing's calm demeanor under fire, saying he was "cool as a bowl of cracked ice." Pershing also served with the 10th Cavalry during the

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from 1917 to 1920. In addition to leading the AEF to victory in World War I, Pershing notably served as a mentor to many in the generation of generals who led the United States Army during

10377: 9263: 1814:. Considerable house-cleaning of the existing staff resulted from Patrick's appointment, bringing in experienced staff officers to administrate, and tightening up lines of communication. 594:, Pershing shifted roughly 600,000 American soldiers to the heavily defended forests of the Argonne, keeping his divisions engaged in hard fighting for 47 days, alongside the French. The 10552: 2507:

In 1937, Pershing created a custom full dress uniform to attend the coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth, denoting his rank with four gold stars embroidered on each sleeve.

1117:. This angered Roosevelt, but since the President could only name and promote army officers in the generals' ranks, his options for recognizing Pershing through promotion were limited. 7864: 717:. He later admitted that he had applied not because he was interested in a military career, but because the education was free and better than what he could obtain in rural Missouri. 5603:

Quote: "... the commanding office, Colonel Frank West, had seen the attack and called out the guard, and before the man could kill anyone else he was shot dead in his tracks. These

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commented that it did not, since Pershing never wore more than four stars, but that Pershing was still to be considered senior to the present five-star generals of World War II.

7455:, designating the rank of a full general, none of the honors and decorations which have been bestowed upon him by a grateful government and appreciative allies were in evidence. 10427: 1047:. On November 27, 1900, Pershing was appointed adjutant general of his department and served in this posting until March 1, 1901. He was cited for bravery for actions on the 4073: 1316:, and Pershing, August 1914. A year later, Pershing's wife and three of his children died, and Villa sent him condolences. Six months later, Pershing chased Villa in Mexico. 8391: 2132:

President Wilson was keen to tie matters up before the mid-term elections, and as the other Allies were running low on supplies and manpower, they followed Wilson's lead.

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from March to September, Pershing returned to the United States in the fall of 1905. President Roosevelt employed his presidential prerogative and nominated Pershing as a

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degree in 1893. He formed a drill company of chosen university cadets, Company A. In March 1892, it won the Maiden Prize competition of the National Competitive Drills in

1193: 10432: 1485:—whom he had befriended in Nebraska and who had convinced him not to give up the army for a legal career—to establish an Interallied coordination Board, the 1017: 6221: 5314: 1008:, Pershing was put in charge of the Office of Customs and Insular Affairs which oversaw occupation forces in territories gained in the Spanish–American War, including 8423: 5732: 4774: 1381:, a combined armed force of 10,000 men that penetrated 350 miles (560 km) into chaotic Mexico. They routed Villa's revolutionaries, but failed to capture him. 10627: 9256: 6793: 4738: 10517: 7509: 3944:, Colonel John Warren Pershing III (1941–1999) and Second Lieutenant Richard W. Pershing (1942–1968). John Pershing III served in the Army from 1964 to 1967 and 2540:, Pershing was still considered to be the highest-ranking officer of the United States military as his rank was General of the Armies. "In Congress created for 8800: 2066:, felt that Pershing had been correct, at the time, this was a breach of political authority. Pershing narrowly escaped a serious reprimand from Wilson's aide, 650:, on September 13, 1860, the son of farmer and store owner John Fletcher Pershing and homemaker Ann Elizabeth Thompson. Pershing's great-grandfather, Frederick 10422: 7977: 5668:, Pershing tried burying him when caught with a pig, thinking that this was equivalent to burying the Moro in hell, for pigs were impure animals to a Moslem." 981:, who also participated in those battles, said that "Captain Pershing is the coolest man under fire I ever saw in my life.” In 1919, Pershing was awarded the 10592: 10402: 1993:

two years earlier (600,000 casualties in four and a half months, versus 50 or so German divisions). More ground was gained, but by this stage of the war the

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were provided to other segregated black units for combat service – such as the 317th Engineer Battalion. The American Buffalo Soldiers of the

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and memoirs from soldiers describing events similar to this do not have credible evidence of Pershing having been personally involved. Military historian

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for extraordinary heroism in action leading an assault against hostile Moros at Mount Bagsak, on the island of Jolo in the Philippines on June 15, 1913.

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Immediately before the parade starts the general will be presented with a handsome general's flag, bearing four gold stars, by the Girls' Overseas club.

5516:"Black Jack in Cuba: General John J. Pershing's Experience in the Spanish-American War – The Campaign for the National Museum of the United States Army" 1735:

When General Pershing met General Pétain at Compiègne at 10:45pm on the evening of March 25, 1918, Pétain told him he had few reserves left to stop the

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Pershing wrote in his autobiography that "The bodies were publicly buried in the same grave with a dead pig." This treatment was used against captured

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When the subject of the armistice was under discussion we did not know what the purpose of it was definitely, whether it was something proposed by the

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would both give the American troops experience and also strengthen the Australian battalions by an additional company each. On June 29, Major General

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Brother of General Succumbs to Cerebral Thrombosis After a Long Illness. Was President of an Insurance Company. Formerly a Clothing Manufacturer. ...

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Leo P. Hirrel, "Supporting the Doughboys: US Army Logistics and Personnel During World War I." (Fort Leavenworth, Combat Studies Institute, 2017).

6036: 6015: 4514:... and the boys stood in formation from noon till evening before the arrival of the automobile bearing the impressive insignia of four gold stars. 1178: 1174: 7095: 10607: 10397: 7244: 4438: 2211: 5953: 5777: 10547: 10542: 10160: 9879: 6845: 6376: 5835: 1416:(AEF) when he died suddenly from a heart attack on February 19, 1917. Pershing was the most likely candidate other than Funston, and following 616:, the highest possible rank in the United States Army. Allowed to select his own insignia, Pershing chose to continue using four silver stars. 5545: 5515: 9575: 9032: 8418: 8349: 7338: 6195: 4368:

to the same rank but with higher seniority, ensuring that he would always be considered the senior ranking officer in the United States Army.

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For the first time in American history, Pershing allowed American soldiers to be under the command of a foreign power. In late June, General

1465:, with a third forming as the war ended, totaling over two million soldiers. Pershing was keenly aware of logistics, and worked closely with 8460: 5041: 4469: 10622: 10417: 10412: 9837: 8683: 1547: 1934:). Instead, the AEF was required to redeploy and aided by French tanks, launched a major offensive northward in very difficult terrain at 634:

Pershing and several subordinates were later questioned by Congress; Pershing maintained that he had followed the orders of his superior,

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American forces first saw serious action during the summer of 1918, contributing eight large divisions, alongside 24 French ones, at the

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in 1895 in honor of its mentor and patron. Pershing maintained a close relationship with Pershing Rifles for the remainder of his life.

10557: 10457: 10387: 2272: 1263: 1224:(captain). Pershing's promotion, while unusual, was not unprecedented, and had the support of many soldiers who admired his abilities. 8432: 6150: 1915:, for three simultaneous offensives into the "bulge" of the Western Front (the other two being the French Fourth Army's breach of the 10467: 10462: 10442: 8410: 4695:

The Pershing ancestry was a purposeful mixture of Anglo-Saxon on his mother's side of the house, Alsatian and German on his father's.

3437: 3425: 3411: 2309:. Both organizations still exist today and welcome new officer members to their ranks. Pershing himself would join the MOFW in 1924. 1939: 1652: 1290:" and that he hated Pershing's guts, but that "as a soldier, the ones then and the ones now couldn't polish his (Pershing's) boots." 1009: 1811: 10612: 9803: 8809: 8522: 8399: 2381: 2348: 2341: 1977: 1272: 188: 9973: 9722: 7675: 4108:, 1919, photo by David Finn, ©David Finn Archive, Department of Image Collections, National Gallery of Art Library, Washington, DC 3948:

from 1967 to 1999. He attained the rank of colonel, and his assignments included special assistant to Army Chief of Staff General

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On October 2, 1922, amid several hundred officers, many of them combat veterans of World War I, Pershing formally established the

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casualty counts of June 1944. For instance, allied casualties on the first day of the D-Day invasion were 4,414 confirmed dead.

623:, long after other Allied armies had abandoned such tactics, has been blamed for causing unnecessarily high American casualties. 439: 342: 6566: 5886: 5371: 10512: 10452: 10357: 9815: 2231:, but unlike many who were not so fortunate, Pershing survived. He rode his horse, Kidron, in the Paris victory parade in 1919. 2045: 2012: 1773: 1769: 1702: 1698: 1626: 1374: 1089:. In June 1901, he served as commander of Camp Vicars in Lanao, Philippines, after the previous camp commander was promoted to 962: 619:

Some of his tactics have been criticized both by other commanders at the time and by modern historians. His reliance on costly

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During the 1930s, Pershing largely retreated to private life, but returned to the public eye with publication of his memoirs,

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after his January 1905 War College graduation. Also in 1905, Pershing married Helen Frances Warren, the daughter of powerful

1078: 894: 886: 863: 840: 5584: 3652: 10537: 10098: 8473: 7182: 5729: 4764: 4077: 2471: 2244: 1606: 1361:, Pershing returned to Fort Bliss with his son, Warren, and his sister, May, and resumed his duties as commanding officer. 1074: 775: 4550: 1887:

had been formed, first under Pershing's direct command (while still in command of the AEF) and then by Lieutenant General

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to take part in the groundbreaking ceremony for the Liberty Memorial that was being constructed there, (now known as the

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for the 10th Cavalry. His duties as quartermaster had him unloading supplies at Daiquiri Cuba on 24 June. He missed the

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that was fought that same day but arrived at the battle site late in the afternoon of 24 June. He fought on Kettle and

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On June 30, 1901, Pershing was honorably discharged from the Volunteers and he reverted to the rank of captain in the

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American Decorations. Supplement V. July 1, 1940 – June 30, 1941. Government Printing Office. Washington. 1941. p. 1.

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Anna May Pershing, a sister of the late General of the Armies John J. Pershing, died yesterday at the age of 89. ...

2275:, the highest rank possible for any member of the United States armed forces, which was created especially for him. 10087: 9733: 9639: 8651: 7974: 3464:

In 1932, eight years after Pershing's retirement from active service, his silver citation star was upgraded to the

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on August 8, the Allied victory at the Second Battle of the Marne marked the turning point of World War I on the

1796: 1639: 1566: 1486: 1417: 1401: 1329: 10567: 10306: 10272: 9506: 8283: 5661: 5442:"Pershing Won Fame in Moros Campaign ... 'Black Jack' Was Youngest West Pointer Ever Made General in Peacetime" 3388: 2668: 2550: 2526: 2456: 2317: 2306: 2005: 1675: 1668: 1493: 1137: 946: 825:. He also became an expert marksman and won several prizes for rifle and pistol at army shooting competitions. 745: 710: 8451: 5620:"Trump tells story about killing terrorists with bullets dipped in pigs' blood, though there's no proof of it" 10587: 9965: 9620: 8589: 3790: 2829: 2611: 2393: 2268: 2074: 1951: 1861: 1690: 1492:

Pershing exercised significant control over his command, with a full delegation of authority from Wilson and

1445: 1422: 1413: 779: 602: 491: 180: 10176: 8365: 7892: 2425: 1561:

In September 1917, the French government commissioned a portrait of Pershing by 23-year-old Romanian artist

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Adas, Michael. "Ambivalent Ally: American Military Intervention and the Endgame and Legacy of World War I"

6303: 5592: 4059: 2689: 2436: 1927: 1785: 1610: 1505:

served as one of Pershing's top assistants during and after the war. Pershing's initial chief of staff was

1132:

In 1904, Pershing was assigned as the Assistant Chief of Staff of the Southwest Army Division stationed at

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Note: The dates indicated are the date the award was issued, not the date of action the award is based on.

8842: 8469: 8122:, Paris: Tallandier, 1929 (translated by Major J.C. Bardin, National War College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania) 5441: 3735: 2785: 2619: 2588: 2144: 1935: 1877: 1648: 1032: 587: 230: 105: 8071: 7466: 1740:

divisions were sent south to relieve French divisions, which were transported to the fight in Flanders.

862:, a position he held until 1895. While carrying out this assignment, Pershing attended the university's 681:; he died on March 16, 1906. Pershing's mother died during his initial assignment in the American West. 10216: 9913: 9681: 9276: 9205: 8817: 8743: 8084: 6634: 3945: 3815: 3708: 2622:. near the grave sites of the soldiers he commanded in Europe. The site is now known as Pershing Hill. 2287: 2015:

which took part in the fighting at Hamel on July 4 and Chipilly on August 8. Molliens, August 12, 1918.

1869: 990: 905:, he commanded an expedition to the south and southwest that rounded up and deported a large number of 670: 539: 292: 260: 4208:. In the story line, three outlaws endanger an Indian treaty, as Pershing sets forth to find the men. 1617:

that American involvement in a set-piece attack alongside the experienced Australians in the upcoming

1389: 1247:. The last of Pershing's four children was born in the Philippines, and during this time he became an 10447: 10392: 9449: 9329: 5764: 4225: 4173: 3748: 3714: 3397: 2452: 2356: 1892: 1852: 1743: 1426: 1394: 1350: 1321: 848: 829: 566: 302: 240: 8374: 8276:

The General and the Jaguar: Pershing's Hunt for Pancho Villa: a True Story of Revolution and Revenge

6837: 5827: 5079: 2000: 1436: 9457: 9345: 8768: 5538: 5058:

Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the Western Hemisphere, 1492 to the Present

4051:

Since 1930, the Pershing Park Memorial Association (PPMA), headquartered in Pershing's hometown of

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in 1917, where Resco painted Pershing's portrait. In 1946, Pershing secretly married Resco in his

3957: 2019: 1373:. This expedition was ill-equipped and hampered by a lack of supplies due to the breakdown of the 9988: 9305: 9120: 8872: 8327:

Forty-Seven Days: How Pershing's Warriors Came of Age to Defeat at the German Army in World War I

7068: 5033: 4700: 4418: 4234: 4216: 4088: 3809: 3778: 3763: 3728: 3638: 2851: 2708: 2595: 2291: 1873: 1781: 1736: 1412:, Pershing's superior in Mexico, was being considered for the top billet as the Commander of the 1378: 1299: 1133: 1106: 970: 694: 591: 321: 277: 265: 223: 43: 6430: 5416:

Bak, Richard, Editor. "The Rough Riders" by Theodore Roosevelt. p. 172. Taylor Publishing, 1997.

4978: 3659: 3322: 3315: 3308: 3301: 3294: 3276: 3269: 3262: 3255: 3248: 3228: 3221: 3214: 3207: 3200: 3118:

personal heroism resulted in a general advance and the prompt capture of the hostile stronghold.

2227:

The year of 1918 also saw a personal health struggle for Pershing as he was sickened during the

1304: 754:

Pershing graduated in the summer of 1886 ranked 30th in his class of 77, and was commissioned a

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Forty-Seven Days: How Pershing's Warriors Came of Age to Defeat the German Army in World War I

7041: 6243: 6075: 5270: 5149: 5099: 4947: 4812: 4653: 4622: 3685: 3622: 1429:. He bypassed the three star rank of lieutenant general, and was the first full general since 1287: 851:, causing them to retreat. This was the only occasion on which Pershing saw action during the 10073: 8738: 7781: 7696: 7594: 5404: 5003: 4916: 4900:. Vol. XIII. Columbia, MO: State Historical Society of Missouri. p. 88 – via 4893: 4870: 4833: 4690: 4578: 4389: 4045: 4032: 3876: 3755: 3404: 3372: 2945: 2897: 2875: 2758: 2730: 2607: 2501: 2377: 2219: 2114: 2063: 1920: 1582: 1474: 1470: 1280: 1236: 1114: 1044: 844: 613: 595: 583: 468: 164: 144: 7808:"A Hospital's Storied Halls Relics of Walter Reed's Famed Patients Face Uncertain Fate" 5288: 3970:

In 1917, two years after the deaths of his wife Helen and three daughters, Pershing courted

3693: 2444:

President on issues of national security on behalf of all members of the Reserve Component.

1181:

Committees. This union with the daughter of a powerful politician who had also received the

774:

Pershing reported for active duty on September 30, 1887, and was assigned to Troop L of the

10347: 10342: 10242: 9752: 9473: 9369: 9110: 8937: 8932: 8892: 7168:

Centennial History of the National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution 1889–1989

6142: 4124: 3932:. After the war he continued with his financial career and founded a stock brokerage firm, 3909: 1994: 1965: 1857: 1259: 1213: 1160: 858:

In September 1891, he was assigned as the professor of military science and tactics at the

787: 783: 714: 698: 542:, precipitating the final German collapse. Pershing also allowed (at that time segregated) 507: 245: 9583: 8407: 6496:

American Patriots: The Story of Blacks in the Military from the Revolution to Desert Storm

5307:"Gen. John J. Pershing: Contributions and Commemoration at UNL 1891–1895: Pershing Rifles" 8: 10157: 9998: 9876: 9704: 9313: 9241: 9215: 9185: 9160: 9135: 9125: 9105: 9090: 9060: 9017: 8997: 8967: 8952: 8753: 8577: 8455: 8322: 8305: 5986:

The Moro War: How America Battled a Muslim Insurgency in the Philippine Jungle, 1902–1913

5716: 5624: 5241: 4340: 3599: 3094: 3042: 3011:

1901: Battalion Officer, 1st Cavalry and Intelligence Officer, 15th Cavalry (Philippines)

2856: 2530: 2102: 2059: 1990: 1577: 1320:

On December 20, 1913, Pershing received orders to take command of the 8th Brigade at the

1309: 1035:

began, Pershing reported to Manila on August 17, 1899, was assigned to the Department of

702: 10289: 8396: 5203: 5124: 3844: 1152: 1105:, taken by Pershing's ability, petitioned the Army General Staff to promote Pershing to 806:

were nicknamed "The Three Green P's," spending their leisure time hunting and attending

9931: 9321: 9297: 9195: 9165: 9145: 9140: 9130: 9007: 8977: 8887: 8723: 8675: 8614: 8000: 7986: 7763:

Vandiver, volume II, pages 606, 608, 657–58, 666, 674, 684–87, 698, 735, 737, 791, 1008

6788: 6712: 5918: 5740: 5480: 5476:"Leadership, Personal Courage, Devotion to Troops Won for Pershing Affection of Nation" 5449: 5184: 4971: 4769: 4733: 4252: 4220: 4136: 3949: 3929: 3858: 3671: 3548: 3478: 3337: 2623: 2575:

regime – de Gaulle replied tactfully that, when he last saw him, the Marshal was well.

2413: 2267:

In September 1919, in recognition of his distinguished service during World War I, the

2252: 2077:, another Franco-American offensive was due to start on November 14, thrusting towards 1896: 1682: 1555: 1546:, Pershing arrived in France in June 1917. In a show of American presence, part of the 1502: 1441: 1333: 1201: 1186: 1102: 978: 803: 666: 554: 503: 484: 254: 126: 7316: 6592: 5802: 4191:

was cast as Lieutenant Pershing in the 1962 episode, "To Walk with Greatness", on the

2568: 2140: 713:. He performed well on the examination, and received the appointment from Congressman 10152: 10139: 10116: 10065: 9895: 9831: 9770: 9739: 9696: 9660: 9409: 9393: 9170: 9115: 9080: 9075: 9040: 8957: 8912: 8902: 8877: 8693: 8330: 8313: 8286: 8279: 8258: 8244: 8226: 8211: 8197: 8183: 8176: 8155: 8148: 8130: 8109: 8102: 8061: 7870: 7840: 7787: 7743: 7733: 7658: 7600: 7557: 7530: 7393: 7370: 7298: 7288: 7250: 7172: 7130: 7101: 7074: 7047: 7020: 6891: 6501: 6494: 6446: 6426: 6109: 6079: 6068: 6042: 5990: 5959: 5929: 5892: 5865: 5752: 5685: 5657: 5651: 5596: 5363: 5245: 5208: 5179: 5155: 5085: 5062: 5009: 4982: 4945: 4922: 4839: 4659: 4628: 4530: 4475: 4444: 4402: 4365: 4280: 4200: 4055:, has been dedicated to preserving the memory of General Pershing's military history. 4052: 3896: 3786: 3675: 3562: 3137: 2564: 2541: 2333: 2316:, many of his party's leaders considered him too closely tied to the policies of the 2283: 2243:

General of the Armies John J. Pershing and members of his staff standing outside the

2052: 1586: 1540: 1409: 1358: 1337: 1163: 1062: 898: 766:. He ultimately decided against both courses of action in favor of active Army duty. 647: 628: 523: 351: 79: 8643: 8300: 7582:. Vol. 64–65. Ft. Benning, GA: National Infantry Association. 1949. p. 36. 3645: 1125: 10230: 10189: 10121: 10057: 9673: 9645: 9385: 9220: 9095: 9085: 9055: 8992: 8947: 8942: 8832: 8763: 8713: 8635: 8445: 8386: 8047: 7729: 7467:

Official Register of Commissioned Officers of the United States Army, 1925. p. 772.

7451:

The general wore the regular service uniform of a mounted officer and save for the

6704: 5151:

Marksmanship in the U.S. Army: A History of Medals, Shooting Programs, and Training

5129: 4275: 4270: 4195: 4119: 4081: 3975: 3925: 3328: 3282: 3234: 3183: 2553: 2545: 2295: 2248: 2126: 1985: 1973: 1961: 1788:

under General Rawlinson until the end of the war, taking part in the breach of the

1748: 1532: 1482: 1141: 867: 813:

Between 1887 and 1890, Pershing served with the 6th Cavalry at various postings in

748: 686: 519: 515: 356: 8439: 8397:

Chapter IV, General of the Armies John J. Pershing, State Funeral, 15–19 July 1948

3592: 3174: 2305:

as an officer's fraternity for veterans of the First World War, modeled after the

1911:, but this did not fit in with the plans of the Allied Supreme Commander, Marshal 1120: 10081: 10045: 10012: 9939: 9871: 9783: 9778: 9765: 9760: 9727: 9633: 9593: 9377: 9289: 9230: 9210: 9190: 9065: 9045: 8962: 8917: 8907: 8857: 8852: 8783: 8773: 8728: 8552: 8515: 8465: 8414: 8403: 8369: 8194:

Until the Last Trumpet Sounds: The Life of General of the Armies John J. Pershing

7981: 7970: 7896: 7679: 7442: 7417: 7387: 7166: 6599: 5736: 5712: 5588: 5400: 4425: 4398: 4330: 4230: 4205: 3864: 3700: 3555: 3539: 3482: 2417: 2368: 2110: 2067: 2037: 1981: 1916: 1836:

on soldiers' feet, in January 1918, Pershing oversaw the creation of an improved

1789: 1686: 1678: 1622: 1618: 1562: 1536: 1496: 1430: 1217: 1197: 1025: 890: 875: 871: 852: 706: 689:

children. While pursuing his teaching career, Pershing also studied at the State

620: 535: 531: 282: 3629: 3167: 2259: 2135: 1945: 1856:

General John J. Pershing (left), C-in-C of the AEF in France, and Major General

601:, of which the Argonne fighting was part, contributed to Germany calling for an 10147: 10134: 10037: 9744: 9717: 9650: 9611: 9589: 9585: 9465: 9441: 9417: 9272: 9100: 9002: 8778: 8748: 8733: 8599: 8585: 8562: 7418:"Jefferson Barracks Men Inspected by General Pershing After Welcome at Station" 5213: 5189: 5134: 4627:. Washington, DC: Center of Military History, United States Army. p. 116. 4300: 4209: 3953: 3615: 3608: 3532: 3442: 3430: 3416: 3190: 3160: 2515: 2511: 2497: 2421: 2401: 2321: 2148: 2106: 1912: 1888: 1833: 1671: 1405: 1255: 1182: 1082: 799: 759: 635: 235: 151: 8497: 7975:"Screen: 'Long Gray Line' Tinted Green; Movie of West Point Honors Irish Hero" 3502: 929: 10336: 9956: 9903: 9821: 9797: 9792: 9668: 9425: 9401: 9175: 9150: 9070: 8987: 8982: 8972: 8927: 8922: 8867: 8847: 8827: 8758: 8718: 8708: 8532: 7222: 6990: 6966: 6939: 6821:. Vol. 4. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 317. 5393: 4500: 4292: 4263: 4155: 4144: 4131: 4066: 4063: 3525: 3030: 2889: 2615: 2122: 2098: 2033: 2023:

Officers of the 89th Division being decorated by General John J. Pershing in

1807: 1804: 1590: 1506: 1478: 1354: 1325: 1283:

presenting it in a ceremony timed to coincide with Pershing's 80th birthday.

1244: 1101:

In June 1903, Pershing was ordered to return to the United States. President

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the Army's dark blue full dress uniform…has…four gold stars on each sleeve….

6314:

Edward A. Goedeken, "Charles Dawes and the Military Board of Allied Supply"

4084:, is named in honor of Pershing. Carrying the nickname: "Black Jack Brigade" 3585: 3518: 1907:, some of the more bullish AEF commanders had hoped to push on eastwards to 426: 9983: 9686: 9655: 9353: 9225: 9200: 9050: 9022: 8897: 8837: 8822: 8703: 7596:

Why Is a Colonel Called a Kernal? the Origin of American Ranks and Insignia

7483:. Washington, DC: Association of the United States Army. 1987. p. 60. 7403: 7152:

The History of the Military Order of the World Wars - Its first fifty years

6887:

Why Is a Colonel Called a Kernal? the Origin of American Ranks and Insignia

6779: 6612: 5857: 5706:"Trump said to study General Pershing. Here's what the president got wrong" 5165: 4901: 4878: 4669: 4638: 4586: 4324: 4041: 4028: 3990:

Pershing remained unmarried until he secretly wed Micheline Resco in 1946.

3933: 3924:

Colonel Francis Warren Pershing (1909–1980), Pershing's son, served in the

3870: 3740: 3509: 3474: 3151: 3021: 2663: 2626:, then serving as U.S. Secretary of State, was in charge of funeral plans. 2572: 2519: 2429: 2409: 2352: 2325: 2203: 2118: 1825:. For this, he is considered the founding father of the United States MPs. 1456:, inspecting a Guard of Honor on Pershing's arrival at Liverpool, June 1917 1453: 1370: 1313: 1221: 906: 833: 822: 795: 661: 605:. Pershing was of the opinion that the war should continue and that all of 511: 499: 9493: 8187: 8159: 8113: 4814:

America's War for Humanity: Pictorial History of the World War for Liberty

2363: 2251:, September 23, 1919. Stood directly behind Pershing is his aide, Colonel 609:

should be occupied in an effort to permanently destroy German militarism.

10184: 10108: 9826: 9809: 9433: 9012: 8882: 8491: 8290: 7723: 7274: 6998:. Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Associated Press. April 28, 1937. p. 2. 6450: 4585:. New York, NY: Doubleday, Page and Company. pp. 53, 55 – via 4391:

Maneuver and Fire Power: The Evolution of Divisions and Separate Brigades

4334: 4287: 4188: 4168: 4023: 3971: 3941: 3937: 3681: 3465: 3363: 2583: 2560: 2405: 2279: 2228: 2094: 1841: 1837: 1829: 1760: 1614: 1449: 1056: 1013: 986: 547: 495: 346: 272: 206: 201: 8345: 8051: 4652:

Christensen, Lawrence O.; Foley, William E.; Kremer, Gary, eds. (1999).

3936:. In 1938, he married Muriel Bache Richards, granddaughter of financier 2210:

faith, and most of his contemporaries took the view he expressed to the

1550:

marched through Paris shortly after his arrival. Pausing at the tomb of

1073:, to which he had been promoted on February 2, 1901. He served with the 9978: 9853: 9843: 9628: 9180: 8698: 8134: 7676:"The General Attends a Wedding – His Son Marries Muriel Bache Richards" 7443:"Commander Of American Army Shown How Warm The Arizona Greeting Can Be" 7019:. Vol. I, A–C. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. p. 1721. 6716: 5778:"Pershing, John J. Reports on expeditions to Lake Lanao. | U-M Library" 4871:"General Pershing At 81 Reminds Americans That Their Army Can Be Great" 4866: 3385:(with silver citation star upgraded to Silver Star decoration in 1932) 3081: 2420:. In 1935, bas-reliefs of Pershing, Jacques, Foch and Diaz by sculptor 2397: 2193: 1800: 1462: 1086: 814: 739: 211: 10323: 7526:

Generals of the Army: Marshall, MacArthur, Eisenhower, Arnold, Bradley

2424:

were added to the memorial. Pershing also laid the cornerstone of the

836:

where Pershing played a role in suppressing the last uprisings of the

10021: 9921: 9885: 8486: 6940:"Program of Gen. Pershing Today; Many Interesting Events are Planned" 6528:

Edmonds, Sir James, "Military Operations: France and Belgium, 1918",

3892: 3002:

1898: Major of Volunteer Forces, Cuban Campaign, Spanish–American War

2771:(Reverted to permanent Regular Army rank of captain on July 1, 1901) 2447:

In 1924, Pershing became a member of the Pennsylvania Society of the

2355:, a proposed national network of military and civilian highways. The 1481:

took control and got the job done. Pershing also worked with Colonel

1369:

On March 15, 1916, Pershing led an expedition into Mexico to capture

1205: 1189:

continued to aid Pershing's career even after his wife died in 1915.

786:. While serving in the 6th Cavalry, Pershing participated in several 7618: 7616: 6708: 3008:

1900: Adjutant General, Department of Mindanao and Jolo, Philippines

1844:," which became known as the "Pershing Boot" upon its introduction. 1227:

In 1908, Pershing briefly served as a U.S. military observer in the

612:

Pershing is the only American to be promoted in his own lifetime to

9848: 8092:

Pipe Clay and Drill: John J. Pershing, the classic American soldier

6767:

The Plague of the Spanish Lady: The Influenza Pandemic of 1918–1919

5955:

Pipe Clay and Drill: John J. Pershing, the Classic American Soldier

2963: 2082: 2011:

and General John J. Pershing inspecting men from every unit of the

2008: 1931: 1528: 1036: 7154:(First ed.). Washington, D.C.: Author published. p. 125. 6244:"Buffalo Soldiers at Huachuca: Organizing the Punitive Expedition" 2867: 2843: 2567:. When Pershing asked after the health of his old friend, Marshal 1147:

Since Roosevelt could not yet promote Pershing, he petitioned the

1081:, serving as an intelligence officer and participating in actions 1051:

while attempting to destroy a Philippine stronghold at Macajambo.

7613: 6553:

The Army and its Air Corps: Army Policy Toward Aviation 1919–1941

6105:

Send the Alabamians: World War I Fighters in the Rainbow Division

3017:

1904: Assistant Chief of Staff, Southwest Army Division, Oklahoma

2821: 2799: 2777: 2750: 2722: 2700: 2086: 2085:, to take place simultaneously with further BEF advances through 1558:. American forces were deployed in France in the autumn of 1917. 1228: 1167: 1151:

to authorize a diplomatic posting, and Pershing was stationed as

1005: 902: 818: 725: 606: 8362: 7890:

Pershing Memorial Museum and Leadership Archive official website

7889: 7016:

World War I: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection

5295:. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska. April 1, 1920. p. 6. 4501:"Lest We Forget: Over There; The Reduction of the Marne Salient" 4440:

World War I: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection

4283:

version of World War I, but his actual appearance is very brief.

3485:

were also entitled to wear medals with their own image on them.

2151:

and General John J. Pershing, all pictured here sometime in 1918

1899:

was created in mid-October. After a relatively quick victory at

1719: 921: 6859: 6693:

Lowry, Bullitt (September 1968). "Pershing and the Armistice".

6542:

Mordacq, Henri, "Unity of Command: How it was Achieved", pg. 70

5958:. Pleasantville, New York: Reader's Digest Press. p. 151. 5361: 4954:. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Page & Company. p. 161. 4048:. Pershing was inducted into the Nebraska Hall of Fame in 1963. 3047:

1917: Commanding General, American Expeditionary Forces, Europe

2978: 2184:

A speech given from Allied Headquarters, Chaumont, France, 1918

1904: 1275:

Pershing disapproved the action. In 1940 Pershing received the

1240: 939: 910: 791: 763: 674: 657: 10438:

Knights Grand Cross of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus

8255:

Black Jack: The Life and Times of John J. Pershing – Volume II

7553:

General of the Army: George C. Marshall, Soldier and Statesman

7339:"Burial Detail: Pershing, John J. (Section 34, Grave S-19-LH)" 7246:

General of the Army: George C. Marshall, Soldier and Statesman

7223:"Pershing To Attend Coronation In Snappy Attire Of Own Design" 6991:"Pershing to Attend Coronation in Snappy Attire of Own Design" 6967:"Welfare of Soldiers and Graves of Heroes Claim Pershing Time" 5277:. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Page & Company. p. 543. 3056:

1925: Chief Commissioner assigned by the United States in the

3005:

1899: Officer-in-Charge, Office of Customs and Insular Affairs

10493:

Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United States)

10248: 8241:

Black Jack: The Life and Times of John J. Pershing – Volume I

7129:. San Diego, California: Thunder Bay Press. pp. 102–03. 6519:

Smythe, Donald, "Pershing, General of the Armies", pgs. 98–99

4713:

sfn error: no target: CITEREFThe_Pershing_Family_in_America (

4002: 3069: 2024: 1822: 1598: 1521: 1232: 1156: 985:

for these actions, and in 1932 the award was upgraded to the

837: 828:

On December 9, 1890, Pershing and the 6th Cavalry arrived at

758:; he was commended by the West Point Superintendent, General 8482:. ArlingtonCemetery.net. July 4, 2022. (Unofficial website). 2999:

1897: Instructor, United States Military Academy, West Point

737:, the highest possible cadet rank. Pershing also commanded, 9723:

Unknown Soldiers for World War II and the Korean War (1958)

7171:. Paducah, Kentucky: Turner Publishing Company. p. 9. 6400:"11 things you probably didn't know about John J. Pershing" 6108:. Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press. p. 18. 5212:. Leavenworth, KS. December 9, 1890. p. 1 – via 5125:"Back Home Today to the Land of the Soldiers He Led to War" 4658:. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press. p. 609. 4527:

Forgotten Victory: The First World War: Myths and Realities

3578: 3569: 3065: 2337: 2078: 1984:

and even Liggett. Even German generals were negative, with

1908: 1040: 1021: 974: 10553:

Candidates in the 1920 United States presidential election

10373:

American military personnel of the Philippine–American War

9271: 7497: 6974:. Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. November 10, 1934. p. 1. 6463:"Lineage and Honors Information, 317th Engineer Battalion" 5730:"Study Pershing, Trump Said. But the Story Doesn't Add Up" 5008:. Cumnor Hill, Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. p. 10. 4973:

Grant's Final Victory: Ulysses S. Grant's Heroic Last Year

4838:. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press. p. 82. 4706: 4443:. Vol. 1. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. p. 1238. 3029:

1909: Commander of Fort McKinley, Manila, and governor of

2993:

1891: Professor of Tactics, University of Nebraska–Lincoln

2536:

In 1944, with Congress' creation of the five-star rank of

2058:

Second, Pershing sent an unsolicited letter to the Allied

578:

was directly under Pershing's command; it overwhelmed the

8081:

Pershing's Crusaders: The American Soldier in World War I

7937: 7097:

US Presidents and Foreign Policy from 1789 to the Present

6923:. Washington, DC: Army and Navy Publishing Company: 351. 6818:

Decisions of the Comptroller General of the United States

6017:

The Life of General Pershing: The World's Work, Volume 38

5920:

Wanted Dead or Alive: Manhunts from Geronimo to Bin Laden

5188:. New Haven, CT. December 3, 1890. p. 3 – via 5154:. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 166. 5133:. Hartford, CT. September 8, 1919. p. 1 – via 2936: 810:

dances. Pershing's sister Grace married Paddock in 1890.

8310:

Borrowed Soldiers: Americans under British Command, 1918

6090:

pershing distinguished service cross roosevelt birthday.

6070:

That Man: An Insider's Portrait of Franklin D. Roosevelt

6020:. New York: Doubleday, Page & Company. p. 103. 3952:. Richard Pershing served as a second lieutenant in the 952: 933:

Pershing with his wife Helen and three of their children

10503:

Recipients of the Order of Michael the Brave, 1st class

10498:

Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)

10378:

American military personnel of the Spanish–American War

8257:(Texas A&M University Press, Third printing, 1977) 8243:(Texas A&M University Press, Third printing, 1977) 7372:

The Last Salute: Civil and Military Funerals, 1921–1969

5334:. Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Company. p. 73. 4401:

Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 57

4279:

series in the volumes set during and shortly after the

4269:

He is mentioned frequently as one of the commanders in

3123: 2606:

in Washington, D.C., which was his home after 1944. He

1817:

In October 1918, Pershing saw the need for a dedicated

8417:

by B. C. Mossman and M. W. Stark,

8408:

The Last Salute: Civil and Military Funeral, 1921–1969

7529:. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. p. i. 7229:. Gettysburg Pennsylvania. April 28, 1937. p. 2. 7208:. Baltimore Maryland: Redwood House, Inc. p. 277. 6844:. Naperville, IL: Journal of the American Revolution. 6723: 6674: 6662: 5618:

Johnson, Jenna; DelReal, Jose A. (February 20, 2016).

4651: 3468:

decoration. In 1941, he was retroactively awarded the

1469:(SOS). The new agency performed poorly under generals 1343: 709:. Two years later, he competed for appointment to the 10428:

Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath

10214: 8673: 8208:

Guerrilla Warrior: The Early Life of John J. Pershing

7424:. St. Louis, Missouri. December 22, 1919. p. 2. 7375:. Washington, DC: Department of the Army. p. 44. 6330:

Guerrilla Warrior: The Early Life of John J. Pershing

6038:

Guerrilla Warrior: The Early Life of John J. Pershing

5653:

Guerrilla Warrior: The Early Life of John J. Pershing

5097: 4682: 4091:, founded by Pershing, is nicknamed "Pershing's Own". 3038:

1916: Commanding General, Mexican Punitive Expedition

1821:

and the first U.S. Army MP School was established at

1440:

Major General John J. Pershing, the newly appointed

7164: 7100:. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. p. 226. 6417: 6415: 6413: 6406:. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska–Lincoln. 4151:

which depicts Pershing swearing Maher into the army.

2514:, Pershing was an outspoken advocate of aid for the 1755:

inspecting the Guard of Honor of the 3rd Battalion,

942:

Jack" because of his service with the 10th Cavalry.

843:. Though he and his unit did not participate in the 7869:. Westminster, London: Penguin Books. p. 112. 7786:. Washington, DC: Regnery History. pp. 71–72. 6491: 2263:

Signature of John Pershing as General of the Armies

1795:By May 1918, Pershing had become discontented with 10433:Knights Grand Cross of the Military Order of Savoy 8444:is available for free viewing and download at the 7499: 7345:. Arlington National Cemetery. (Official website). 7217: 7215: 6989: 6965: 6938: 6493: 6067: 6041:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 318. 5917: 4970: 4877:. New York, NY: Time, Inc. p. 62 – via 4624:Commanding Generals and Chiefs of Staff, 1775-2013 4499: 4364:An act was passed in 1976 retroactively promoting 3928:as an advisor to the Army Chief of Staff, General 3041:1917: Commanding General for the formation of the 3026:1908: Military Advisor to American Embassy, France 790:and was cited for bravery for actions against the 744:the honor guard that saluted the funeral train of 490:. He served most famously as the commander of the 9964: 8141:My Life Before the World War, 1860–1917: A Memoir 7449:. Phoenix, Arizona. January 31, 1920. p. 1. 7283:. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux. p. 6745:The Woodrow Wilson Story: An Idealist in Politics 6410: 5581:My Life Before the World War, 1860–1917: A Memoir 4551:"The war that did not end at 11am on 11 November" 3014:1902: Officer-in-Charge, Camp Vicars, Philippines 2384:). Also present that day were Lieutenant General 1949:Pershing on the front page of the first issue of 1689:" units were not allowed to participate with the 1448:(AEF), pictured here together with Major General 1408:considered mobilizing an army to join the fight. 1340:, on April 24, 1914, arriving there on the 27th. 1173:who served at different times as chairman of the 1077:in the Philippines. He later was assigned to the 479:(September 13, 1860 – July 15, 1948), nicknamed " 10334: 8073:Military Operations: France and Belgium: 1914-18 7959:Bringing Up the Brass; My 55 Years at West Point 7957:Maher, Marty & Campion, Nardi Reeder (1951) 7428:four silver stars of his rank on either shoulder 6421:Nunan, Peter (2000). "Diggers' Fourth of July". 6184: 4149:Bringing Up the Brass: My 55 Years at West Point 3993: 2459:. On January 5, 1935, Pershing was designated a 2271:authorized the President to promote Pershing to 2044:tacked westward by night across the path of the 1364: 553:Pershing's soldiers first saw serious battle at 10628:United States Army personnel of the Indian Wars 7392:. New York: Penguin Random House. p. 525. 7212: 7094:Hodge, Carl Cavanagh; Nolan, Cathal J. (2007). 7070:The Illusion Of Victory: America In World War I 6748:. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co. p. 235. 6393: 6391: 5940:john j. pershing promotion brigadier seniority. 5862:Historical Dictionary of the Russo-Japanese War 5104:. New York: The Macmillan Company. p. 261. 5086:"The Life of General Pershing: West Point Days" 4948:"The Life of General Pershing: West Point Days" 4474:. Washington, DC: Regnery History. p. 73. 3985:Nita Patton was engaged to Pershing in 1917–18. 3940:. He was father to two sons who both served in 2202:generation of officers (the future generals of 1797:Air Service of the American Expeditionary Force 10518:Members of the Sons of the American Revolution 8299:(Cambridge University Press, 2014). 484 pages 7934:"THE UNITED STATES ARMY BAND "PERSHING'S OWN"" 7866:The Doughboys: America and the First World War 7703:. Boston, MA: Boston University. July 16, 1999 7599:. Tucson, AZ: Fireship Press. pp. 52–53. 7556:. New York: Cooper Square Press. p. 491. 7430:, and the gold ornaments of the general staff. 7249:. New York: Cooper Square Press. p. 491. 6692: 6384:(2). American Historical Publications: 66, 73. 6377:MHQ: The Quarterly Journal of Military History 5617: 4529:(2002 ed.). London: Headline Book Publishing. 3869:Special Medal of the Committee of the city of 3050:1921: Chief of Staff of the United States Army 2954:Proposed six-star rank from December 14, 1944. 2544:the rank of General of the Armies ... General 2416:. One of the main speakers was Vice President 1709: 1539:under top secrecy on May 28, 1917, aboard the 1279:for his heroism at Bud Bagsak, with President 1136:. In October 1904, he began attendance at the 881:On October 20, 1892, Pershing was promoted to 10423:Grand Crosses of the Order of the Sun of Peru 9569: 9257: 8659: 8461:John J. Pershing at the World Digital Archive 8419:United States Army Center of Military History 8350:United States Army Center of Military History 8175:. Nashville, Tennessee: Thomas Nelson, 2011. 7498:International News Service (April 10, 1945). 6947:. Atlanta, GA. December 11, 1919. p. 7. 6650:. University Press of Kansas, 1993, page 142. 6074:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 4797: 4795: 3803:Medal of La Solidaridad (1st Class) (Panama) 3085:Pershing's ribbons as worn during World War I 2911: 1667:, Pershing adhered to the racial policies of 1613:, suggested to Australian Lieutenant General 10593:University of Nebraska College of Law alumni 10403:Grand Crosses of the Order of the White Lion 7633:"Congress Welcomes General John J. Pershing" 7368: 6778: 6388: 5891:. New York: Palgrave MacMillan. p. 55. 5888:Pershing: A Biography: lessons in Leadership 5327: 5233: 5061:. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. p. 961. 4921:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 10. 4831: 4604:"World War I: Wasted Lives on Armistice Day" 10618:United States Army Cavalry Branch personnel 10478:Recipients of the Croix de guerre (Belgium) 5989:. New York: Bloomsbury Press. p. 240. 5351:. Denver, CO: H. A. H. Christy. p. 11. 4977:. Philadelphia, PA: Da Capo Press. p. 4835:Five Stars: Missouri's Most Famous Generals 4508:. Franklin, IN. April 18, 1925. p. 7. 4019:List of things named after John J. Pershing 3886: 3130:Pershing's medal ribbon board at retirement 2996:1895: 1st Lieutenant, 10th Cavalry Regiment 2987:1882: Cadet, United States Military Academy 2525:In August 1940, he publicly supported the " 1997:was in worse shape than in previous years. 1681:, and southern Democrats who promoted the " 1330:border between the United States and Mexico 885:and in 1895 took command of a troop of the 638:; Congress found that no one was culpable. 10533:United States Army generals of World War I 10483:Recipients of the Croix de Guerre (France) 9788:Unknown Soldier for the Vietnam War (1984) 9576: 9562: 9264: 9250: 8666: 8652: 8466:Newspaper clippings about John J. Pershing 8210:(Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, 1973) 8139:Pershing, John J., and John T. Greenwood. 8129:. Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1961. 8029:. New York: Random House Publishing Group. 7832: 7725:1968 : the year that rocked the world 7691: 7689: 7093: 6890:. Tucson, AZ: Fireship Press. p. 52. 6648:The AEF and Coalition Warmaking, 1917–1918 6631:The AEF and Coalition Warmaking, 1917–1918 5698: 5677: 5574: 5572: 5570: 5568: 5566: 4861: 4859: 4792: 4299:Pershing is one of the main characters in 4040:A bust of Pershing was created in 1921 by 3743:of the Order of the Precious Jade (China) 3053:1924: Retired from active military service 2533:for the establishment for military bases. 2351:, serving for three years. He created the 2273:General of the Armies of the United States 1589:, General John J. Pershing, Major General 1293: 1254:In 1913, Pershing was recommended for the 42: 10508:Recipients of the Order of the Rising Sun 8297:The American Army and the First World War 8225:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 8166:My Experiences in the World War, Volume I 7783:George S. Patton: Blood, Guts, and Prayer 7775: 7773: 7771: 7769: 7721: 7522: 7389:George Marshall: Defender of the Republic 7039: 5951: 5924:. New York: Palgrave MacMillan. pp. 5820: 5108: 4891: 4598: 4596: 4471:George S. Patton: Blood, Guts, and Prayer 3902: 3882:Honored with a U.S. postage stamp in 1961 3732:(1st Class with Swords) (Czechoslovakia) 3725:(2nd class – Commander's Cross) (Poland) 3101:In 1940 General Pershing was awarded the 3035:1914: Brigade Commander, 8th Army Brigade 2290:; Washington previously held the rank of 1864:, in the Argonne forest, October 26, 1918 1658: 1569:apartment. Resco was 35 years his junior 1402:United States' involvement in World War I 701:, from which he graduated in 1880 with a 10488:Recipients of the Czechoslovak War Cross 8523:Chief of Staff of the United States Army 8278:. New York: Little, Brown and Co, 2006. 7858: 7856: 7759: 7757: 7203: 6567:"U.S. Air Force Biographical Dictionary" 6374:Fleming, Thomas (1995). "Iron General". 4572: 4570: 4568: 4544: 4542: 4099: 4022: 3980: 3963: 3908: 3843: 3080: 2982:General Pershing lands in France in 1917 2977: 2582: 2476: 2451:. He was also an honorary member of the 2382:National World War I Museum and Memorial 2362: 2349:Chief of Staff of the United States Army 2258: 2238: 2134: 2018: 1999: 1944: 1851: 1747:General John J. Pershing, Major General 1742: 1723:Pershing at General Headquarters in the 1718: 1576: 1511: 1435: 1388: 1303: 1119: 1043:, and commanded efforts to suppress the 996:Pershing was commissioned as a major of 928: 920: 916: 751:as it passed West Point in August 1885. 724: 189:Chief of Staff of the United States Army 8487:The National Society of Pershing Rifles 8019: 7686: 7655:Freemasonry: A Celebration of the Craft 7635:. history.house.gov. September 18, 1919 7508:. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. p. 9. 7273: 7066: 6951:from the original on January 16, 2017. 6485: 6440: 6438: 6373: 6065: 6055:from the original on November 28, 2015. 6024:from the original on November 21, 2015. 6013: 6003:from the original on November 25, 2015. 5563: 5501: 5499: 5378: 5344: 5268: 5147: 4856: 4832:Muench, James; Miller, John E. (2006). 4810: 4512:from the original on January 16, 2017. 4337:, intermediate-range ballistic missiles 3500: 3488: 2278:In 1976, Congress authorized President 1872:. Along with the British Fourth Army's 1643:back to battalion reinforcement camps. 1629:, selected two companies each from the 1552:Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette 1000:on August 26, 1898, and assigned as an 991:siege and surrender of Santiago de Cuba 385: 1905; died 1915) 14: 10608:United States Military Academy faculty 10603:University of Nebraska–Lincoln faculty 10398:Burials at Arlington National Cemetery 10335: 9692:Unknown Soldier for World War I (1921) 8220: 8101:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. 7862: 7766: 7592: 7512:from the original on January 16, 2017. 7501:"Six Stars Urged for General Pershing" 7185:from the original on December 31, 2013 7073:. New York: Basic Books. p. 451. 7046:. New York: NAL Caliber. p. 324. 7012: 6978:from the original on January 16, 2017. 6883: 6848:from the original on October 12, 2017. 6836:Welsch, William (September 16, 2013). 6835: 6814: 6729: 6680: 6668: 6473:from the original on November 11, 2016 6469:. US Army Center of Military History. 6332:. Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 34. 6327: 6122:from the original on October 16, 2015. 6101: 6034: 5982: 5915: 5856: 5838:from the original on September 5, 2009 5722: 5317:from the original on December 1, 2017. 5075:from the original on January 13, 2018. 5054: 5044:from the original on January 13, 2018. 5022:from the original on January 13, 2018. 4958:from the original on January 13, 2018. 4935:from the original on January 13, 2018. 4852:from the original on January 13, 2018. 4821:from the original on January 13, 2018. 4817:. New York: L.H. Walter. p. 497. 4593: 4576: 4436: 4286:He also has a short appearance in the 3507: 3020:1905: Military attaché, U.S. Embassy, 2559:In July 1944, Pershing was visited by 2466:Pershing served on a committee of the 2463:Honorary Commander-in-Chief for Life. 2214:in his testimony on November 5, 1919: 1425:, was promoted to full general in the 1004:. In March 1899, after suffering from 455:John J. Pershing‘s Address from France 27:United States Army officer (1860–1948) 10563:University of Nebraska–Lincoln alumni 10548:United States Military Academy alumni 10543:United States Army War College alumni 9557: 9245: 8647: 8433:Americans Under British Command, 1918 8312:(University of Oklahoma Press, 2008) 8308:(Foreword by John S. D. Eisenhower). 8120:Unity of Command: How it was Achieved 7853: 7839:. New York: Henry Holt. p. 191. 7779: 7754: 7369:Mossman, B. C.; Stark, M. W. (1991). 7357:The Papers of George Catlett Marshall 7124: 6914: 6796:from the original on February 7, 2015 6752:from the original on April 30, 2016. 6741: 6619:from the original on August 15, 2009. 6558: 5884: 5551:from the original on October 17, 2013 5539:"John J. Pershing: A Teacher's Guide" 5530: 5439: 5433: 5362:US Army Center for Military History. 5229: 5227: 5225: 5223: 5001: 4968: 4914: 4777:from the original on February 7, 2015 4765:"James F. Pershing Dies At Age Of 71" 4762: 4741:from the original on February 7, 2015 4565: 4539: 4467: 4095: 3974:, the younger sister of his protégé, 2973: 2629: 2376:On November 1, 1921, Pershing was in 2332:, but the nomination went to Senator 953:Spanish– and Philippine–American wars 945:During the course of his tour at the 10255: 8173:Pershing: Commander of the Great War 7697:"Obituary, Colonel John W. Pershing" 7549: 7487:from the original on April 30, 2016. 7385: 7263:from the original on April 30, 2016. 7242: 7149: 7114:from the original on April 29, 2016. 6927:from the original on April 30, 2016. 6825:from the original on April 30, 2016. 6435: 6397: 6363:from the original on March 30, 2007. 5905:from the original on April 30, 2016. 5864:. The Scarecrow Press. p. 282. 5591:, pages 284–85 Lexington, Kentucky: 5496: 5098:Worcester Hall Rowell, Cora (1920). 4946:MacAdam, George (December 1, 1918). 4865: 4737:. Associated Press. August 4, 1955. 4620: 4548: 4488:from the original on April 30, 2016. 4457:from the original on April 30, 2016. 3895:, a member of Lincoln Lodge No. 19, 3124:United States decorations and medals 3090:Distinguished Service Cross Citation 3076: 1328:. With tensions running high on the 961:, First Lieutenant Pershing was the 10623:Deaths from coronary artery disease 10418:Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour 10413:Congressional Gold Medal recipients 9604:State funerals in the United States 8496:Pershing's voice (48:58 to 49:40): 8480:"John Joseph "Black Jack" Pershing" 7319:. US Architect of the Capitol (AOC) 7204:Leonhart, James Chancellor (1962). 7150:Dyer, George C. (January 1, 1977). 7002:from the original on March 4, 2016. 6915:Jenks, J. E., ed. (April 9, 1921). 6593:Army Lineage Series:Military Police 6224:from the original on April 23, 2014 6153:from the original on July 11, 2012. 6143:"Pershing history and house photos" 5394:"Buffalo Soldier Cavalry Commander" 5311:Nebraska U: A Collaborative History 4260:Hard Magic: The Grimnoir Chronicles 4247:Pershing appears as a character in 4161:The Court Martial of Billy Mitchell 3771:Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus 3470:Army of Occupation of Germany Medal 3450:Army of Occupation of Germany Medal 2594:On July 15, 1948, Pershing died of 2500:for history. He was also an active 2212:House Committee on Military Affairs 1691:American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) 1344:Death of wife Frances and daughters 1243:, and also was the governor of the 1231:, an assignment which was based in 1144:, for "general duties unassigned." 720: 651: 530:Australian command, notably in the 350:Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the 24: 10528:United States Army Chiefs of Staff 10473:Pulitzer Prize for History winners 10408:Commanders of the Virtuti Militari 10383:American people of English descent 8383:Works by or about John J. Pershing 8348:from websites or documents of the 7165:Williams, Winston C., ed. (1991). 6605: 6258:from the original on June 18, 2012 6198:from the original on July 18, 2014 6181:Vandiver, Volume II, pages 599–602 5972:from the original on June 2, 2015. 5345:Christy, Helen Anne Hirst (1996). 5220: 5185:Daily Morning Courier and Register 4894:"Personal: Hon. Joseph H. Burrows" 4610:from the original on May 15, 2011. 4320:General Pershing WWI casualty list 4069:honoring Pershing, shown at right. 3839: 3093: 2935: 2888: 2866: 2842: 2820: 2798: 2776: 2749: 2721: 2699: 2157: 1581:From left to right: Major General 1572: 1194:observer in the Russo-Japanese War 1096: 590:had held for three years. For the 25: 10639: 10558:20th-century American politicians 10458:People from Linn County, Missouri 10388:American people of German descent 8428:Nebraska State Historical Society 8356: 8269:History of the United States Army 7909:"8c General John Pershing single" 7453:four silver stars on his shoulder 6904:from the original on May 6, 2016. 6564: 6398:Reed, Leslie (November 9, 2017). 5684:. PalgraveMacmillan. p. 66. 5536: 5374:from the original on May 7, 2011. 5269:MacAdam, George (March 1, 1919). 5258:from the original on May 6, 2016. 925:Captain John J. Pershing, c. 1902 798:, Pershing and close friends Lt. 646:Pershing was born on a farm near 10468:People of the Russo-Japanese War 10463:People of the Mexican Revolution 10443:Military personnel from Missouri 10315: 10298: 10281: 10264: 10236: 10224: 9492: 8799: 8792: 8344: This article incorporates 8339: 8168:New York: Frederick Stokes, 1931 7993: 7964: 7951: 7926: 7901: 7883: 7826: 7800: 7715: 7668: 7647: 7625: 7586: 7570: 7543: 7516: 7491: 7471: 7460: 7435: 7410: 7379: 7362: 7349: 7331: 7309: 7267: 7236: 7197: 7158: 7143: 7118: 7087: 7060: 7033: 7006: 6982: 6958: 6931: 6908: 6877: 6852: 6829: 6808: 6772: 6759: 6735: 6686: 6653: 6102:Frazer, Nimrod Thompson (2014). 4969:Flood, Charles Bracelen (2011). 4811:Russell, Thomas Herbert (1919). 4655:Dictionary of Missouri Biography 4577:McAdam, George (November 1918). 4106:Mask of General John J. Pershing 3658: 3651: 3644: 3637: 3628: 3621: 3614: 3607: 3598: 3591: 3584: 3577: 3568: 3561: 3554: 3547: 3538: 3531: 3524: 3517: 3508: 3501: 3357:Army Distinguished Service Medal 3350:Army Distinguished Service Cross 3336: 3327: 3321: 3314: 3307: 3300: 3293: 3281: 3275: 3268: 3261: 3254: 3247: 3233: 3227: 3220: 3213: 3206: 3199: 3189: 3182: 3173: 3166: 3159: 3150: 3143: 3136: 2634: 2461:Military Order of the World Wars 2439:(ROA) as an organization at the 2192:Problems playing this file? See 2173: 1780:command, were loaned during the 1693:during the war, but experienced 1665:civilian control of the military 1124:Portrait of Captain Pershing by 679:18th Missouri Volunteer Infantry 669:began, his father supported the 444: 425: 10613:Military leaders of World War I 10583:United States military attachés 10207:: Presidents and chief justices 8329:(New York: NAL, Caliber, 2016) 8223:Pershing: General of the Armies 6742:Peare, Catherine Owens (1963). 6696:The Journal of American History 6640: 6623: 6584: 6555:, Air University Press, page 19 6545: 6536: 6522: 6513: 6455: 6367: 6349: 6344:My Experiences in the World War 6336: 6321: 6308: 6296: 6283: 6270: 6236: 6210: 6175: 6166: 6157: 6135: 6126: 6095: 6059: 6028: 6007: 5976: 5945: 5909: 5878: 5850: 5834:. U.S. Air Force – Warren AFB. 5795: 5770: 5746: 5704:Horton, Alex (August 18, 2017) 5671: 5656:, page 162 New York: Scribner. 5644: 5611: 5508: 5468: 5419: 5410: 5387: 5355: 5338: 5321: 5299: 5281: 5262: 5196: 5172: 5141: 5117: 5091: 5048: 5026: 5002:Henry, Mark (August 20, 2012). 4995: 4962: 4939: 4918:Pershing: Lessons in Leadership 4908: 4885: 4825: 4804: 4756: 4721: 4676: 4645: 4614: 4549:Finn, Tara (November 9, 2018). 4074:2nd Armored Brigade Combat Team 3824:Order of the Star of Karageorge 3495:Ribbon board for foreign awards 2493:My Experiences in the World War 2468:Sons of the American Revolution 2455:and a Veteran Companion of the 2449:Sons of the American Revolution 2303:Military Order of the World War 2234: 2048:(accounts differ as to whether 1714: 1640:First Australian Imperial Force 1487:Military Board of Allied Supply 1418:America's entrance into the war 977:, and was cited for gallantry. 769: 400: 382: 10598:American people of World War I 10523:Truman State University alumni 6838:"Clarifying Washington's Rank" 6163:Vandiver, Volume I, pp. 593–94 5271:"The Life of General Pershing" 4898:The Missouri Historical Review 4729:"Pershing's Sister Dies at 89" 4708:The Pershing Family in America 4621:Bell, William Gardner (2013). 4579:"The Life of General Pershing" 4519: 4492: 4461: 4430: 4411: 4382: 4358: 4251:(1996), a historical novel by 3956:and was killed in action near 3848:General Pershing postage stamp 3389:Army of Cuban Occupation Medal 2669:United States Military Academy 2527:Destroyers for Bases Agreement 2510:In 1940, before and after the 2496:, which were awarded the 1932 2457:Military Order of Foreign Wars 2307:Military Order of Foreign Wars 2301:In 1919, Pershing created the 1784:, and fought with the British 1685:" doctrine. African-American " 1393:Major General Pershing of the 1384: 1336:, the brigade was deployed to 1085:. He was cited for bravery at 860:University of Nebraska–Lincoln 711:United States Military Academy 13: 1: 10513:Recipients of the Silver Star 10453:People from Lincoln, Nebraska 10358:American Expeditionary Forces 8590:United States Capitol rotunda 8094:(Reader's Digest Press, 1977) 8060:New York, Basic Books, 2002. 7990:, Retrieved September 9, 2016 6218:"Prologue: Selected Articles" 6192:"Mexican Expedition Campaign" 5728:Qiu, Linda (August 18, 2017) 5463:highest of army commands. ... 5348:Hirst/Sheppard family history 4346: 3994:Micheline Resco (second wife) 3914: 3863:Distinguished Service Medal, 2612:United States Capitol rotunda 2245:State, War, and Navy Building 1782:desperate days of spring 1918 1446:American Expeditionary Forces 1414:American Expeditionary Forces 1365:Commander of Villa expedition 1258:following his actions at the 866:, from which he received his 641: 492:American Expeditionary Forces 10578:20th-century American people 10573:19th-century American people 8145:University Press of Kentucky 7836:Eisenhower: A Soldier's Life 7523:Willbanks, James H. (2013). 7317:"Lying in State or in Honor" 7040:Yockelson, Mitchell (2016). 6784:"Gen. Pershing's Horse Dies" 6590:Wright, Robert K. Jr. (ed.) 6492:Buckley, Gail Lumet (2001), 6132:Vandiver, Volume I, page 582 5593:University Press of Kentucky 5180:"Excitement At Fort Wingate" 5148:Emerson, William K. (2004). 5038:The American Marine Engineer 4892:Shoemaker, Floyd C. (1919). 4869:, ed. (September 29, 1941). 4060:United States Postal Service 4027:Bust of Pershing created by 2990:1886: Troop L, Sixth Cavalry 2604:Walter Reed General Hospital 2571:– who headed the pro-German 2437:Reserve Officers Association 2286:to this rank as part of the 2139:From left to right: General 181:American Expeditionary Force 7: 10538:United States Army generals 8470:20th Century Press Archives 8441:"The Pershing Story (1959)" 8424:John J. Pershing collection 8392:Black Jack Pershing in Cuba 8001:"To Walk with Greatness on 7127:Indianapolis Then & Now 7013:Tucker, Spencer C. (2014). 6659:e.g., David F. Trask (1993) 6066:Jackson, Robert H. (2003). 5952:Goldhurst, Richard (1977). 5757:Reputations Ten Years After 5399:September 15, 2007, at the 4763:Staff (February 10, 1933). 4437:Tucker, Spencer C. (2014). 4313: 4249:The Friends of Pancho Villa 3736:Czechoslovak War Cross 1918 3103:Distinguished Service Cross 2620:Arlington National Cemetery 2589:Arlington National Cemetery 2470:to establish and recognize 1940:British Expeditionary Force 1803:classmate and non-aviator, 1725:Château du Val des Écoliers 1710:Full American participation 1653:British Expeditionary Force 1379:Mexican Punitive Expedition 1277:Distinguished Service Cross 1269:Distinguished Service Cross 897:under white officers. From 729:Pershing as a cadet in 1886 343:Distinguished Service Medal 339:Distinguished Service Cross 106:Arlington National Cemetery 10: 10644: 9974:Chestnut and Gibson (1998) 9914:Herbert C. Hoover Building 8085:University Press of Kansas 7961:New York: David Mackay Co. 7728:(1st ed.). New York: 6635:University Press of Kansas 6598:November 17, 2011, at the 5807:SHSMO Historic Missourians 5328:O'Connor, Richard (1961). 5005:The US Army of World War I 4691:Doubleday And Company Inc. 4683:O'Connor Richard. (1961). 4229:, as the commander of the 4058:On November 17, 1961, the 4016: 3816:Order of Michael the Brave 3709:Order of Leopold (Belgium) 3704:with bronze palm (France) 2912:Proposed six-star insignia 2764:Assistant Adjutant General 2713:10th Cavalry, Regular Army 2288:United States Bicentennial 1942:(BEF) sector at the time. 1870:Second Battle of the Marne 1297: 1140:, and then was ordered to 546:to be integrated with the 293:Second Battle of the Marne 10202: 10175: 10097: 10020: 10011: 9955: 9930: 9912: 9894: 9862: 9619: 9610: 9601: 9501: 9490: 9450:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. 9284: 9031: 8808: 8790: 8682: 8632: 8619: 8611: 8606: 8596: 8582: 8574: 8549: 8544: 8539: 8529: 8520: 8512: 8507: 8076:, London: MacMillan, 1935 8007:. Internet Movie Database 7980:January 16, 2017, at the 7206:The Fabulous Octogenarian 6613:"The American Field Shoe" 5983:Arnold, James R. (2011). 5916:Runkle, Benjamin (2011). 5681:Pershing (Great Generals) 5289:"Alumni in the Primaries" 4424:January 13, 2018, at the 4258:Pershing also appears in 4212:was cast as Colonel Carr. 4012: 3972:Anne Wilson "Nita" Patton 3913:Francis Warren Pershing ( 3749:Order of the Golden Grain 3715:Croix de Guerre (Belgium) 3680: 3670: 3438:World War I Victory Medal 3426:World War I Victory Medal 3412:World War I Victory Medal 3398:Philippine Campaign Medal 2453:Society of the Cincinnati 2357:Interstate Highway System 2347:In 1921, Pershing became 2340:, who went on to win the 2068:"Colonel" Edward M. House 1895:under Lieutenant General 1847: 1695:non-commissioned officers 895:African-American soldiers 534:and the breaching of the 483:", was a senior American 433: 421: 413: 363: 334: 303:Second Battle of Soissons 298:Battle of Château-Thierry 241:Second Battle of Bud Dajo 194: 170: 160: 150: 140: 132: 120: 112: 100: 86: 66: 58: 50: 41: 34: 9458:James Phinney Baxter III 8607:Awards and achievements 8402:August 12, 2012, at the 8267:Weigley, Russell Frank. 8196:(Wiley, New York, 1998) 8058:The Savage Wars of Peace 7722:Kurlansky, Mark (2004). 7593:Oliver, Raymond (2007). 7067:Fleming, Thomas (2003). 6884:Oliver, Raymond (2007). 6357:"Mattox: Natural Allies" 6014:MacAdam, George (1919). 5735:August 19, 2017, at the 5711:August 19, 2017, at the 5664:. Quote: "To combat the 5101:Leaders of the Great War 4223:biographical miniseries 3887:Personal life and family 3854:Congressional Gold Medal 3798:Order of Prince Danilo I 3791:Petar II Petrović Njegoš 2600:congestive heart failure 2587:Pershing's tombstone at 2578: 2282:to posthumously promote 2143:, British Field Marshal 2070:, and later apologized. 1635:132nd Infantry Regiments 1467:AEF's Services of Supply 998:United States Volunteers 963:regimental quartermaster 582:– the encroachment into 565:on June 1–26, 1918, and 544:American all-Black units 440:John J. Pershing's voice 185:First United States Army 9306:Vernon Louis Parrington 8492:The Pershing Foundation 8452:John J. Pershing Papers 8221:Smythe, Donald (1986). 8143:. Lexington, Kentucky: 7913:Smithsonian Institution 7780:Keane, Michael (2012). 7422:St. Louis Post-Dispatch 6873:– via Wikisource. 6571:United States Air Force 6551:Tate, James P. (1998). 6328:Smythe, Donald (1973). 6035:Smythe, Donald (1973). 5587:April 30, 2016, at the 5368:US Army Chiefs of Staff 4468:Keane, Michael (2012). 4388:Wilson, John B. (1999) 4235:Battle of San Juan Hill 4089:United States Army Band 3782:(Grand Cordon) (Japan) 3779:Order of the Rising Sun 3764:Military Order of Savoy 3759:(Grand Cross) (Greece) 3729:Order of the White Lion 2596:coronary artery disease 2392:, Admiral of the Fleet 2372:cover, August 11, 1924. 2330:Republican front runner 1921:Anglo-Belgian offensive 1737:German Spring Offensive 1703:93rd Infantry Divisions 1300:Pancho Villa Expedition 1294:Pancho Villa and Mexico 1134:Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 1033:Philippine–American War 695:Truman State University 592:Meuse-Argonne Offensive 322:Meuse-Argonne Offensive 278:German Spring Offensive 266:Pancho Villa Expedition 231:Philippine–American War 224:Battle of San Juan Hill 10353:American Episcopalians 9864:National Statuary Hall 9362:Charles McLean Andrews 8615:Queen Marie of Romania 8586:lain in state or honor 8551:Honorary Commander of 8413:March 3, 2016, at the 8368:July 12, 2009, at the 8346:public domain material 7973:, (February 11, 1955) 7895:July 12, 2009, at the 7833:D'Este, Carlo (2002). 7280:Churchill: A Biography 7125:Price, Nelson (2004). 6921:Army and Navy Register 6917:"Generals of the Army" 6815:McCarl, J. R. (1925). 6346:volume 1, pages 37–44. 5828:"F. E. Warren History" 5650:Smythe, Donald (1973) 5578:Pershing, John (2013) 5440:Staff (May 19, 1917). 5364:"John Joseph Pershing" 5331:Black Pershing Company 5293:The University Journal 5055:Marley, David (2008). 4525:Sheffield, G. (2001). 4215:Pershing is played by 4167:Pershing is played by 4154:Pershing is played by 4142:Martin 'Marty' Maher's 4130:Pershing is played by 4118:Pershing is played by 4109: 4036: 3986: 3960:on February 17, 1968. 3934:Pershing & Company 3921: 3903:Francis Pershing (son) 3849: 3831:Order of the Liberator 3819:(1st Class) (Romania) 3722:Order Virtuti Militari 3380:Spanish Campaign Medal 3121: 3098: 3086: 2983: 2940: 2893: 2871: 2847: 2825: 2803: 2781: 2754: 2736:Chief Ordnance Officer 2726: 2704: 2591: 2487: 2474:in the United States. 2373: 2264: 2256: 2225: 2162: 2152: 2075:Armistice with Germany 2028: 2016: 1991:offensive on the Somme 1956: 1865: 1764: 1751:and Brigadier General 1732: 1731:, France, October 1918 1659:African American units 1627:American 33rd Division 1602: 1593:and Brigadier General 1548:16th Infantry Regiment 1524: 1516:Pershing saluting the 1457: 1397: 1317: 1149:United States Congress 1129: 967:Battle of Las Guasimas 934: 926: 917:West Point instructor 893:regiments composed of 889:, one of the original 730: 599:Hundred Days Offensive 317:Battle of Saint-Mihiel 312:Hundred Days Offensive 288:Battle of Belleau Wood 96:Washington, D.C., U.S. 10568:Writers from Missouri 9330:Bernadotte E. Schmitt 8079:Faulkner, Richard S. 8046:(2014) 38#4: 700–12. 7863:Mead œ, Gary (2001). 6842:allthingsliberty.com/ 6425:. 17 (3): 26–32, 80. 6318:(1986) 50#1 pages 1–6 6289:Vandiver, Volume II, 5405:National Park Service 5234:McNeese, Tim (2004). 5114:Vandiver, v.1, p. 67. 4801:Vandiver, v.1, p. 388 4193:syndicated television 4140:, which was based on 4103: 4046:Nebraska Hall of Fame 4033:Nebraska Hall of Fame 4026: 3984: 3964:Nita Patton (fiancée) 3912: 3877:Nebraska Hall of Fame 3847: 3826:with Swords (Serbia) 3756:Order of the Redeemer 3405:Mexican Service Medal 3373:Indian Campaign Medal 3114: 3097: 3084: 2981: 2946:General of the Armies 2939: 2898:General of the Armies 2892: 2876:General of the Armies 2870: 2846: 2824: 2802: 2790:Cavalry, Regular Army 2780: 2753: 2725: 2703: 2586: 2485: 2366: 2262: 2242: 2216: 2169:"Address from France" 2161: 2138: 2064:Franklin D. Roosevelt 2038:French defeat in 1870 2027:, Germany, April 1919 2022: 2003: 1966:German Chief of Staff 1948: 1855: 1819:Military Police Corps 1757:7th Infantry Regiment 1746: 1722: 1580: 1527:After departing from 1515: 1475:Francis Joseph Kernan 1471:Richard M. Blatchford 1439: 1392: 1307: 1281:Franklin D. Roosevelt 1123: 1079:15th Cavalry Regiment 1045:Filipino Insurrection 932: 924: 887:10th Cavalry Regiment 845:Wounded Knee Massacre 794:. During his time at 728: 614:General of the Armies 586:territory – that the 469:General of the Armies 457:(recorded April 1918) 145:General of the Armies 133:Years of service 10588:Nebraska Republicans 9596:in the United States 9474:Roy Franklin Nichols 9370:Andrew C. McLaughlin 9033:Vice Chiefs of Staff 8435:at Borrowed Soldiers 8090:Goldhurst, Richard. 8087:, 2017). xiv, 758 pp 7653:Hamill, John et al. 7386:Roll, David (2019). 7227:The Gettysburg Times 6945:Atlanta Constitution 6782:(October 13, 1942). 6248:Huachuca Illustrated 6194:. History.army.mil. 5632:on February 28, 2016 4078:1st Cavalry Division 4007:Walter Reed Hospital 3829:Grand Cordon of the 3789:medal instituted by 3752:(1st Class) (China) 3489:International awards 1925:Sir Herbert Plumer's 1812:Chief of Air Service 1567:Walter Reed Hospital 1518:Marquis de Lafayette 1400:At the start of the 1260:Battle of Bud Bagsak 1196:attached to General 1192:After serving as an 1075:1st Cavalry Regiment 983:Silver Citation Star 959:Spanish–American War 957:At the start of the 853:Ghost Dance campaign 784:New Mexico Territory 715:Joseph Henry Burrows 707:scientific didactics 699:Kirksville, Missouri 508:Dwight D. Eisenhower 472:John Joseph Pershing 372:Helen Frances Warren 246:Battle of Bud Bagsak 219:Spanish–American War 54:John Joseph Pershing 10368:American memoirists 10363:American Freemasons 9766:J. E. Hoover (1972) 9346:Frederick J. Turner 9314:Fred Albert Shannon 8578:William Howard Taft 8553:The American Legion 8456:Library of Congress 8323:Yockelson, Mitchell 8306:Yockelson, Mitchell 8295:Woodward, David R. 8253:Vandiver, Frank E. 8239:Vandiver, Frank E. 8127:Black Jack Pershing 8125:O'Connor, Richard. 8025:Shaara, J. (2005). 6860:"Public Law 94-479" 6342:Pershing, John J., 5885:Lacey, Jim (2008). 5717:The Washington Post 5678:Lacey, Jim (2008). 5625:The Washington Post 5384:Vandiver v.1, p.171 5242:Infobase Publishing 4915:Lacey, Jim (2008). 4711:, pp. 404–405. 4686:Black Jack Pershing 4352:Informational notes 4341:Pershing (doughnut) 4080:, headquartered at 3875:Induction into the 3822:Grand Cross of the 3808:Grand Cross of the 3796:Grand Cross of the 3785:Medaille Obilitch, 3769:Grand Cross of the 3762:Grand Cross of the 3707:Grand Cross of the 3497: 3132: 2917: 2905:September 13, 1924 2837:September 25, 1916 2815:September 20, 1906 2679:No Insignia in 1886 2640: 2618:, he was buried in 2549:five-star general, 2538:General of the Army 2531:British possessions 2324:. Another general, 2220:German High Command 2109:, and particularly 2073:At the time of the 2060:Supreme War Council 1978:Army Chief of Staff 1928:British Second Army 1883:In August 1918 the 1858:William H. Johnston 1651:, commander of the 1611:British Fourth Army 1607:Sir Henry Rawlinson 1601:, France, July 1918 1375:Quartermaster Corps 1273:Army Chief of Staff 1202:Japanese First Army 703:Bachelor of Science 9966:US Capitol rotunda 9932:Old Senate Chamber 9621:US Capitol rotunda 9322:Claude H. Van Tyne 9298:Samuel Flagg Bemis 8686:Commanding General 8676:United States Army 8559:Served alongside: 8164:Pershing, John J. 8044:Diplomatic History 7987:The New York Times 7814:. January 15, 2006 7812:Washingtonpost.com 7550:Cray, Ed (2000) . 6789:The New York Times 6765:Collier, Richard. 5803:"John J. Pershing" 5782:apps.lib.umich.edu 5741:The New York Times 5518:. January 20, 2015 5481:The New York Times 5450:The New York Times 5425:Van Diver, Vol I, 5034:"General Pershing" 4770:The New York Times 4734:The New York Times 4397:2018-01-13 at the 4253:James Carlos Blake 4221:Theodore Roosevelt 4137:The Long Gray Line 4110: 4096:In popular culture 4037: 3987: 3950:Gordon R. Sullivan 3930:George C. Marshall 3922: 3859:Thanks of Congress 3850: 3672:Knight Grand Cross 3493: 3479:William T. Sampson 3128: 3099: 3087: 2984: 2974:Assignment history 2941: 2916: 2894: 2883:September 3, 1919 2872: 2848: 2826: 2804: 2782: 2755: 2727: 2705: 2639: 2630:Summary of service 2624:George C. Marshall 2592: 2504:during this time. 2488: 2426:World War Memorial 2414:Royal Italian Army 2374: 2318:Democratic Party's 2265: 2257: 2253:George C. Marshall 2163: 2153: 2101:, the collapse of 2029: 2017: 2013:U.S. 33rd Division 1957: 1955:, February 8, 1918 1866: 1765: 1733: 1683:separate but equal 1603: 1556:Charles E. Stanton 1525: 1503:George C. Marshall 1477:; finally in 1918 1458: 1442:Commander-in-Chief 1398: 1334:Mexican Revolution 1318: 1262:. He wrote to the 1187:American Civil War 1130: 1111:lieutenant colonel 1103:Theodore Roosevelt 979:Theodore Roosevelt 935: 927: 804:Richard B. Paddock 731: 504:George C. Marshall 485:United States Army 255:Russo-Japanese War 177:Mexican Expedition 127:United States Army 77:September 13, 1860 10212: 10211: 10198: 10197: 10190:Lautenberg (2013) 10099:Great Hall of the 10007: 10006: 9951: 9950: 9718:R. A. Taft (1953) 9551: 9550: 9410:Marcus Lee Hansen 9394:Frank Luther Mott 9239: 9238: 8642: 8641: 8633:Succeeded by 8597:Succeeded by 8594:July 18–19, 1948 8584:Persons who have 8530:Succeeded by 8508:Military offices 8335:978-0-451-46695-2 8318:978-0-8061-3919-7 8274:Welsome, Eileen. 8202:978-0-471-24693-0 8052:10.1093/dh/dhu032 8003:Death Valley Days 7876:978-0-14-026490-6 7846:978-0-8050-5687-7 7793:978-1-62157-298-5 7657:. JG Press 1998. 7606:978-1-934757-59-8 7563:978-0-8154-1042-3 7536:978-0-8131-4214-2 7399:978-1-1019-9097-1 7294:978-0-374-12354-3 7256:978-0-8154-1042-3 7243:Cray, Ed (1990). 7136:978-1-59223-208-6 7107:978-1-85109-790-6 7080:978-0-465-02467-4 7053:978-0-451-46695-2 7026:978-1-85109-964-1 6897:978-1-934757-59-8 6864:en.wikisource.org 6507:978-0-375-50279-8 6467:history.army.mil/ 6115:978-0-8173-8769-3 6085:978-0-19-517757-2 5996:978-1-60819-024-9 5935:978-0-230-10485-3 5898:978-0-230-61445-1 5871:978-0-8108-4927-3 5753:B.H. Liddell Hart 5691:978-0-230-60383-7 5537:Rojas, Julietta. 5251:978-0-7910-7404-6 5209:Leavenworth Times 5161:978-0-8061-3575-5 5068:978-0-87436-837-6 5015:978-1-84176-486-3 4988:978-0-306-82151-6 4928:978-0-230-61445-1 4845:978-0-8262-1656-4 4665:978-0-8262-6016-1 4634:978-0-16-072376-6 4606:. June 12, 2006. 4481:978-1-59698-326-7 4450:978-1-85109-964-1 4366:George Washington 4281:alternate history 4201:Death Valley Days 4171:in the 2019 film 4158:in the 1955 film 4134:in the 1955 film 4122:in the 1941 film 4053:Laclede, Missouri 3958:Hải Lăng district 3897:Lincoln, Nebraska 3837: 3836: 3676:Order of the Bath 3666: 3665: 3457: 3456: 3344: 3343: 3077:Honors and awards 3062:province of Tacna 2971: 2970: 2909: 2908: 2808:Brigadier General 2793:February 2, 1901 2716:October 20, 1892 2684:Second Lieutenant 2565:Charles de Gaulle 2542:George Washington 2483: 2432:on July 4, 1927. 2334:Warren G. Harding 2284:George Washington 2229:1918 flu pandemic 2179: 2053:Douglas MacArthur 2050:Brigadier General 1952:Stars and Stripes 1923:, led by General 1874:victory at Amiens 1860:, commanding the 1625:, commanding the 1609:, commanding the 1587:James W. McAndrew 1583:Francis J. Kernan 1410:Frederick Funston 1359:Cheyenne, Wyoming 1338:Fort Bliss, Texas 1210:brigadier general 1164:Francis E. Warren 1091:brigadier general 1083:against the Moros 1063:B.H. Liddell Hart 901:in north central 899:Fort Assinniboine 756:second lieutenant 648:Laclede, Missouri 524:Douglas MacArthur 466: 465: 450: 352:Order of the Bath 80:Laclede, Missouri 16:(Redirected from 10635: 10448:Nebraska lawyers 10393:Buffalo Soldiers 10328: 10320: 10319: 10318: 10311: 10303: 10302: 10301: 10294: 10286: 10285: 10284: 10277: 10269: 10268: 10267: 10257: 10251:John J. Pershing 10241: 10240: 10239: 10229: 10228: 10227: 10220: 10101:US Supreme Court 10018: 10017: 9962: 9961: 9740:MacArthur (1964) 9617: 9616: 9578: 9571: 9564: 9555: 9554: 9544: 9537: 9530: 9523: 9516: 9509: 9496: 9485: 9482:Oliver W. Larkin 9477: 9469: 9461: 9453: 9445: 9437: 9429: 9421: 9413: 9405: 9397: 9389: 9386:Paul Herman Buck 9381: 9373: 9365: 9357: 9349: 9341: 9338:John J. Pershing 9333: 9325: 9317: 9309: 9301: 9293: 9266: 9259: 9252: 9243: 9242: 8803: 8796: 8684:Senior Officer / 8668: 8661: 8654: 8645: 8644: 8636:Ramsay MacDonald 8630:August 11, 1924 8612:Preceded by 8575:Preceded by 8569:Title abolished 8540:Honorary titles 8513:Preceded by 8505: 8504: 8483: 8446:Internet Archive 8387:Internet Archive 8343: 8342: 8236: 8206:Smythe, Donald. 8118:Mordacq, Henri. 8070:Edmonds, James. 8030: 8023: 8017: 8016: 8014: 8012: 7997: 7991: 7971:Crowther, Bosley 7968: 7962: 7955: 7949: 7948: 7946: 7944: 7930: 7924: 7923: 7921: 7919: 7905: 7899: 7887: 7881: 7880: 7860: 7851: 7850: 7830: 7824: 7823: 7821: 7819: 7804: 7798: 7797: 7777: 7764: 7761: 7752: 7751: 7730:Ballantine Books 7719: 7713: 7712: 7710: 7708: 7693: 7684: 7683: 7672: 7666: 7651: 7645: 7644: 7642: 7640: 7629: 7623: 7620: 7611: 7610: 7590: 7584: 7583: 7579:Infantry Journal 7574: 7568: 7567: 7547: 7541: 7540: 7520: 7514: 7513: 7506:The Evening News 7503: 7495: 7489: 7488: 7475: 7469: 7464: 7458: 7457: 7447:Arizona Republic 7439: 7433: 7432: 7414: 7408: 7407: 7383: 7377: 7376: 7366: 7360: 7353: 7347: 7346: 7335: 7329: 7328: 7326: 7324: 7313: 7307: 7306: 7271: 7265: 7264: 7240: 7234: 7233: 7219: 7210: 7209: 7201: 7195: 7194: 7192: 7190: 7162: 7156: 7155: 7147: 7141: 7140: 7122: 7116: 7115: 7091: 7085: 7084: 7064: 7058: 7057: 7037: 7031: 7030: 7010: 7004: 7003: 6996:Gettysburg Times 6993: 6986: 6980: 6979: 6969: 6962: 6956: 6955: 6942: 6935: 6929: 6928: 6912: 6906: 6905: 6881: 6875: 6874: 6872: 6870: 6856: 6850: 6849: 6833: 6827: 6826: 6812: 6806: 6805: 6803: 6801: 6776: 6770: 6769:(Atheneum, 1974) 6763: 6757: 6756: 6739: 6733: 6727: 6721: 6720: 6690: 6684: 6678: 6672: 6666: 6660: 6657: 6651: 6646:Trask, David F. 6644: 6638: 6629:Trask, David F. 6627: 6621: 6620: 6609: 6603: 6588: 6582: 6581: 6579: 6577: 6562: 6556: 6549: 6543: 6540: 6534: 6526: 6520: 6517: 6511: 6510: 6500:, Random House, 6499: 6489: 6483: 6482: 6480: 6478: 6459: 6453: 6442: 6433: 6423:Military History 6419: 6408: 6407: 6395: 6386: 6385: 6371: 6365: 6364: 6353: 6347: 6340: 6334: 6333: 6325: 6319: 6316:Military Affairs 6312: 6306: 6300: 6294: 6287: 6281: 6274: 6268: 6267: 6265: 6263: 6240: 6234: 6233: 6231: 6229: 6220:. 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March 8478: 8438:The short film 8415:Wayback Machine 8404:Wayback Machine 8370:Wayback Machine 8363:Pershing Museum 8359: 8340: 8233: 8034: 8033: 8027:To the Last Man 8024: 8020: 8010: 8008: 7999: 7998: 7994: 7982:Wayback Machine 7969: 7965: 7956: 7952: 7942: 7940: 7932: 7931: 7927: 7917: 7915: 7907: 7906: 7902: 7897:Wayback Machine 7888: 7884: 7877: 7861: 7854: 7847: 7831: 7827: 7817: 7815: 7806: 7805: 7801: 7794: 7778: 7767: 7762: 7755: 7740: 7720: 7716: 7706: 7704: 7695: 7694: 7687: 7674: 7673: 7669: 7652: 7648: 7638: 7636: 7631: 7630: 7626: 7621: 7614: 7607: 7591: 7587: 7576: 7575: 7571: 7564: 7548: 7544: 7537: 7521: 7517: 7496: 7492: 7477: 7476: 7472: 7465: 7461: 7441: 7440: 7436: 7416: 7415: 7411: 7400: 7384: 7380: 7367: 7363: 7354: 7350: 7337: 7336: 7332: 7322: 7320: 7315: 7314: 7310: 7295: 7272: 7268: 7257: 7241: 7237: 7221: 7220: 7213: 7202: 7198: 7188: 7186: 7179: 7163: 7159: 7148: 7144: 7137: 7123: 7119: 7108: 7092: 7088: 7081: 7065: 7061: 7054: 7038: 7034: 7027: 7011: 7007: 6988: 6987: 6983: 6972:The Daily Notes 6964: 6963: 6959: 6937: 6936: 6932: 6913: 6909: 6898: 6882: 6878: 6868: 6866: 6858: 6857: 6853: 6834: 6830: 6813: 6809: 6799: 6797: 6777: 6773: 6764: 6760: 6740: 6736: 6728: 6724: 6709:10.2307/1899558 6691: 6687: 6679: 6675: 6667: 6663: 6658: 6654: 6645: 6641: 6637:, 1993, p. 141. 6628: 6624: 6611: 6610: 6606: 6600:Wayback Machine 6589: 6585: 6575: 6573: 6563: 6559: 6550: 6546: 6541: 6537: 6527: 6523: 6518: 6514: 6508: 6490: 6486: 6476: 6474: 6461: 6460: 6456: 6443: 6436: 6420: 6411: 6396: 6389: 6372: 6368: 6355: 6354: 6350: 6341: 6337: 6326: 6322: 6313: 6309: 6301: 6297: 6288: 6284: 6275: 6271: 6261: 6259: 6242: 6241: 6237: 6227: 6225: 6216: 6215: 6211: 6201: 6199: 6190: 6189: 6185: 6180: 6176: 6171: 6167: 6162: 6158: 6141: 6140: 6136: 6131: 6127: 6116: 6100: 6096: 6086: 6064: 6060: 6049: 6033: 6029: 6012: 6008: 5997: 5981: 5977: 5966: 5950: 5946: 5936: 5914: 5910: 5899: 5883: 5879: 5872: 5855: 5851: 5841: 5839: 5826: 5825: 5821: 5811: 5809: 5801: 5800: 5796: 5786: 5784: 5776: 5775: 5771: 5751: 5747: 5737:Wayback Machine 5727: 5723: 5713:Wayback Machine 5703: 5699: 5692: 5676: 5672: 5649: 5645: 5635: 5633: 5616: 5612: 5589:Wayback Machine 5577: 5564: 5554: 5552: 5548: 5541: 5535: 5531: 5521: 5519: 5514: 5513: 5509: 5504: 5497: 5487: 5485: 5484:. July 16, 1948 5474: 5473: 5469: 5455: 5453: 5444: 5438: 5434: 5424: 5420: 5415: 5411: 5401:Wayback Machine 5392: 5388: 5383: 5379: 5360: 5356: 5343: 5339: 5326: 5322: 5305: 5304: 5300: 5287: 5286: 5282: 5267: 5263: 5252: 5232: 5221: 5204:"To Pine Ridge" 5202: 5201: 5197: 5178: 5177: 5173: 5162: 5146: 5142: 5123: 5122: 5118: 5113: 5109: 5096: 5092: 5084: 5080: 5069: 5053: 5049: 5032: 5031: 5027: 5016: 5000: 4996: 4989: 4967: 4963: 4944: 4940: 4929: 4913: 4909: 4890: 4886: 4864: 4857: 4846: 4830: 4826: 4809: 4805: 4800: 4793: 4780: 4778: 4761: 4757: 4744: 4742: 4727: 4726: 4722: 4712: 4705: 4701: 4681: 4677: 4666: 4650: 4646: 4635: 4619: 4615: 4602: 4601: 4594: 4575: 4566: 4556: 4554: 4547: 4540: 4524: 4520: 4498: 4497: 4493: 4482: 4466: 4462: 4451: 4435: 4431: 4426:Wayback Machine 4416: 4412: 4399:Wayback Machine 4387: 4383: 4373: 4372: 4363: 4359: 4349: 4331:MGM-31 Pershing 4316: 4306:To the Last Man 4217:Marshall Teague 4206:Stanley Andrews 4098: 4062:released an 8¢ 4021: 4015: 3996: 3966: 3917: 3905: 3891:Pershing was a 3889: 3865:American Legion 3842: 3840:Civilian awards 3818: 3781: 3758: 3751: 3731: 3724: 3703: 3701:Croix de Guerre 3686:Legion of Honor 3491: 3483:Richard E. 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Mills 1198:Kuroki Tamemoto 1099: 1097:Rise to general 955: 919: 891:Buffalo Soldier 876:Pershing Rifles 872:Omaha, Nebraska 772: 723: 660:and arrived in 656:emigrated from 644: 559:Chateau-Thierry 536:Hindenburg Line 532:Battle of Hamel 474: 462: 461: 460: 459: 458: 456: 453: 445: 442: 409: 406: 403: 1946) 398: 394: 393:Micheline Resco 388: 380: 376: 373: 355: 349: 345: 341: 330: 283:Battle of Hamel 187: 183: 179: 175: 108: 95: 91: 78: 72: 70: 37: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 10641: 10631: 10630: 10625: 10620: 10615: 10610: 10605: 10600: 10595: 10590: 10585: 10580: 10575: 10570: 10565: 10560: 10555: 10550: 10545: 10540: 10535: 10530: 10525: 10520: 10515: 10510: 10505: 10500: 10495: 10490: 10485: 10480: 10475: 10470: 10465: 10460: 10455: 10450: 10445: 10440: 10435: 10430: 10425: 10420: 10415: 10410: 10405: 10400: 10395: 10390: 10385: 10380: 10375: 10370: 10365: 10360: 10355: 10350: 10345: 10330: 10329: 10312: 10295: 10293:from Wikiquote 10278: 10249: 10246: 10245: 10233: 10210: 10209: 10203: 10200: 10199: 10196: 10195: 10193: 10192: 10187: 10181: 10179: 10177:Senate Chamber 10173: 10172: 10170: 10169: 10164: 10155: 10153:Stevens (2019) 10150: 10145: 10137: 10132: 10130:Brennan (1997) 10127: 10119: 10114: 10105: 10103: 10095: 10094: 10092: 10091: 10079: 10071: 10063: 10055: 10043: 10035: 10026: 10024: 10015: 10013:Lain in repose 10009: 10008: 10005: 10004: 10002: 10001: 9996: 9991: 9986: 9981: 9976: 9970: 9968: 9959: 9953: 9952: 9949: 9948: 9946: 9945: 9936: 9934: 9928: 9927: 9925: 9924: 9918: 9916: 9910: 9909: 9907: 9906: 9900: 9898: 9892: 9891: 9889: 9888: 9883: 9874: 9868: 9866: 9860: 9859: 9857: 9856: 9851: 9846: 9841: 9829: 9824: 9819: 9807: 9795: 9790: 9781: 9776: 9768: 9763: 9761:Dirksen (1969) 9758: 9750: 9742: 9737: 9725: 9720: 9715: 9710: 9702: 9694: 9689: 9684: 9679: 9671: 9666: 9658: 9653: 9648: 9646:Stevens (1868) 9643: 9631: 9625: 9623: 9614: 9608: 9607: 9602: 9599: 9598: 9581: 9580: 9573: 9566: 9558: 9549: 9548: 9546: 9545: 9538: 9531: 9524: 9517: 9510: 9502: 9499: 9498: 9491: 9489: 9487: 9486: 9478: 9470: 9466:Bernard DeVoto 9462: 9454: 9446: 9442:Stephen Bonsal 9438: 9430: 9422: 9418:Margaret Leech 9414: 9406: 9398: 9390: 9382: 9374: 9366: 9358: 9350: 9342: 9334: 9326: 9318: 9310: 9302: 9294: 9285: 9282: 9281: 9273:Pulitzer Prize 9269: 9268: 9261: 9254: 9246: 9237: 9236: 9234: 9233: 9228: 9223: 9218: 9213: 9208: 9203: 9198: 9193: 9188: 9183: 9178: 9173: 9168: 9163: 9158: 9153: 9148: 9143: 9138: 9133: 9128: 9123: 9118: 9113: 9108: 9103: 9098: 9093: 9088: 9083: 9078: 9073: 9068: 9063: 9058: 9053: 9048: 9043: 9037: 9035: 9029: 9028: 9026: 9025: 9020: 9015: 9010: 9005: 9000: 8995: 8990: 8985: 8980: 8975: 8970: 8965: 8960: 8955: 8950: 8945: 8940: 8935: 8930: 8925: 8920: 8915: 8910: 8905: 8900: 8895: 8890: 8885: 8880: 8875: 8870: 8865: 8860: 8855: 8850: 8845: 8840: 8835: 8830: 8825: 8820: 8814: 8812: 8806: 8805: 8791: 8789: 8787: 8786: 8781: 8776: 8771: 8766: 8761: 8756: 8751: 8746: 8741: 8736: 8731: 8726: 8721: 8716: 8711: 8706: 8701: 8696: 8690: 8688: 8680: 8679: 8671: 8670: 8663: 8656: 8648: 8640: 8639: 8634: 8631: 8618: 8613: 8609: 8608: 8604: 8603: 8600:Robert A. Taft 8598: 8595: 8581: 8576: 8572: 8571: 8566: 8563:Ferdinand Foch 8548: 8542: 8541: 8537: 8536: 8531: 8528: 8519: 8514: 8510: 8509: 8503: 8502: 8494: 8489: 8484: 8476: 8463: 8458: 8449: 8436: 8430: 8421: 8394: 8389: 8380: 8376:New York Times 8372: 8358: 8357:External links 8355: 8354: 8353: 8337: 8320: 8303: 8293: 8272: 8265: 8251: 8237: 8231: 8218: 8204: 8190: 8181:978-1595553553 8169: 8162: 8153:978-0813141978 8137: 8123: 8116: 8107:978-0230603837 8095: 8088: 8077: 8068: 8054: 8032: 8031: 8018: 7992: 7963: 7950: 7925: 7900: 7882: 7875: 7852: 7845: 7825: 7799: 7792: 7765: 7753: 7738: 7714: 7685: 7682:. May 2, 1938. 7667: 7646: 7624: 7612: 7605: 7585: 7569: 7562: 7542: 7535: 7515: 7490: 7470: 7459: 7434: 7409: 7398: 7378: 7361: 7348: 7330: 7308: 7293: 7266: 7255: 7235: 7211: 7196: 7178:978-1563110283 7177: 7157: 7142: 7135: 7117: 7106: 7086: 7079: 7059: 7052: 7032: 7025: 7005: 6981: 6957: 6930: 6907: 6896: 6876: 6851: 6828: 6807: 6771: 6758: 6734: 6732:, p. 222. 6722: 6685: 6683:, p. 230. 6673: 6671:, p. 228. 6661: 6652: 6639: 6622: 6604: 6583: 6565:DuPre, Flint. 6557: 6544: 6535: 6521: 6512: 6506: 6484: 6454: 6434: 6409: 6404:Nebraska Today 6387: 6366: 6348: 6335: 6320: 6307: 6295: 6282: 6269: 6235: 6209: 6183: 6174: 6172:Boot, page 192 6165: 6156: 6134: 6125: 6114: 6094: 6084: 6058: 6047: 6027: 6006: 5995: 5975: 5965:978-0883490976 5964: 5944: 5934: 5908: 5897: 5877: 5870: 5849: 5819: 5794: 5769: 5745: 5721: 5697: 5690: 5670: 5643: 5610: 5601:978-0813141978 5562: 5529: 5507: 5495: 5467: 5432: 5418: 5409: 5386: 5377: 5354: 5337: 5320: 5298: 5280: 5261: 5250: 5244:. p. 39. 5219: 5214:Newspapers.com 5195: 5190:Newspapers.com 5171: 5160: 5140: 5135:Newspapers.com 5116: 5107: 5090: 5088:, p. 172. 5078: 5067: 5047: 5025: 5014: 4994: 4987: 4961: 4938: 4927: 4907: 4884: 4867:Luce, Henry R. 4855: 4844: 4824: 4803: 4791: 4755: 4720: 4699: 4675: 4664: 4644: 4633: 4613: 4592: 4564: 4538: 4518: 4491: 4480: 4460: 4449: 4429: 4417:Vandiver, v.1 4410: 4407:978-0160899447 4380: 4379: 4371: 4370: 4356: 4355: 4348: 4345: 4344: 4343: 4338: 4328: 4322: 4315: 4312: 4311: 4310: 4301:Jeffrey Shaara 4297: 4284: 4267: 4256: 4239: 4238: 4213: 4210:Frank Ferguson 4179: 4178: 4165: 4152: 4128: 4097: 4094: 4093: 4092: 4085: 4070: 4056: 4049: 4014: 4011: 3995: 3992: 3965: 3962: 3954:502nd Infantry 3904: 3901: 3888: 3885: 3884: 3883: 3880: 3873: 3867: 3861: 3856: 3841: 3838: 3835: 3834: 3827: 3820: 3813: 3805: 3804: 3801: 3794: 3783: 3775: 3774: 3767: 3760: 3753: 3745: 3744: 3738: 3733: 3726: 3718: 3717: 3711: 3705: 3697: 3694:Military Medal 3690: 3689: 3679: 3664: 3663: 3656: 3649: 3642: 3634: 3633: 3626: 3619: 3612: 3604: 3603: 3596: 3589: 3582: 3574: 3573: 3566: 3559: 3552: 3544: 3543: 3536: 3529: 3522: 3514: 3513: 3506: 3490: 3487: 3462: 3461: 3455: 3454: 3447: 3435: 3422: 3421: 3409: 3402: 3394: 3393: 3386: 3377: 3369: 3368: 3361: 3354: 3342: 3341: 3334: 3320: 3313: 3306: 3299: 3292: 3291: 3290: 3288: 3274: 3267: 3260: 3253: 3246: 3245: 3244: 3241: 3240: 3226: 3219: 3212: 3205: 3198: 3197: 3196: 3194: 3187: 3179: 3178: 3171: 3164: 3156: 3155: 3148: 3141: 3125: 3122: 3113: 3112: 3110: 3092: 3091: 3078: 3075: 3074: 3073: 3054: 3051: 3048: 3045: 3039: 3036: 3033: 3027: 3024: 3018: 3015: 3012: 3009: 3006: 3003: 3000: 2997: 2994: 2991: 2988: 2975: 2972: 2969: 2968: 2958:Association's 2952: 2949: 2942: 2932: 2931: 2928: 2925: 2922: 2913: 2910: 2907: 2906: 2903: 2900: 2895: 2885: 2884: 2881: 2878: 2873: 2863: 2862: 2859: 2854: 2849: 2839: 2838: 2835: 2832: 2827: 2817: 2816: 2813: 2810: 2805: 2795: 2794: 2791: 2788: 2783: 2773: 2772: 2767: 2761: 2756: 2746: 2745: 2742: 2733: 2728: 2718: 2717: 2714: 2711: 2706: 2696: 2695: 2692: 2686: 2681: 2675: 2674: 2671: 2666: 2661: 2655: 2654: 2651: 2648: 2645: 2636: 2633: 2631: 2628: 2580: 2577: 2516:United Kingdom 2512:Fall of France 2498:Pulitzer Prize 2486:1940 newsreel. 2422:Walker Hancock 2408:, and General 2402:Ferdinand Foch 2322:Woodrow Wilson 2236: 2233: 2189: 2183: 2172: 2167: 2166: 2165: 2156: 2155: 2154: 2149:Ferdinand Foch 2107:Ottoman Empire 2036:, site of the 1913:Ferdinand Foch 1897:Robert Bullard 1889:Hunter Liggett 1849: 1846: 1834:trench warfare 1774:30th Divisions 1763:, France, 1918 1753:Fred W. Sladen 1716: 1713: 1711: 1708: 1672:Woodrow Wilson 1660: 1657: 1595:Johnson Hagood 1574: 1571: 1406:Woodrow Wilson 1386: 1383: 1366: 1363: 1345: 1342: 1298:Main article: 1295: 1292: 1256:Medal of Honor 1183:Medal of Honor 1179:Appropriations 1126:Léon Hornecker 1098: 1095: 971:San Juan Hills 954: 951: 918: 915: 864:College of Law 838:Lakota (Sioux) 800:Julius A. Penn 771: 768: 760:Wesley Merritt 722: 719: 643: 640: 636:Ferdinand Foch 464: 463: 454: 443: 438: 437: 436: 435: 434: 431: 430: 423: 419: 418: 415: 411: 410: 408: 407: 396: 392: 391: 389: 378: 374: 371: 370: 367: 365: 361: 360: 336: 332: 331: 329: 328: 327: 326: 325: 324: 319: 309: 308: 307: 306: 305: 300: 290: 285: 270: 269: 268: 258: 252: 251: 250: 249: 248: 243: 236:Moro Rebellion 228: 227: 226: 216: 215: 214: 209: 198: 196: 192: 191: 172: 168: 167: 165:Cavalry Branch 162: 158: 157: 154: 152:Service number 148: 147: 142: 138: 137: 134: 130: 129: 124: 118: 117: 114: 110: 109: 104: 102: 98: 97: 94:(aged 87) 88: 84: 83: 68: 64: 63: 60: 56: 55: 52: 48: 47: 39: 38: 35: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10640: 10629: 10626: 10624: 10621: 10619: 10616: 10614: 10611: 10609: 10606: 10604: 10601: 10599: 10596: 10594: 10591: 10589: 10586: 10584: 10581: 10579: 10576: 10574: 10571: 10569: 10566: 10564: 10561: 10559: 10556: 10554: 10551: 10549: 10546: 10544: 10541: 10539: 10536: 10534: 10531: 10529: 10526: 10524: 10521: 10519: 10516: 10514: 10511: 10509: 10506: 10504: 10501: 10499: 10496: 10494: 10491: 10489: 10486: 10484: 10481: 10479: 10476: 10474: 10471: 10469: 10466: 10464: 10461: 10459: 10456: 10454: 10451: 10449: 10446: 10444: 10441: 10439: 10436: 10434: 10431: 10429: 10426: 10424: 10421: 10419: 10416: 10414: 10411: 10409: 10406: 10404: 10401: 10399: 10396: 10394: 10391: 10389: 10386: 10384: 10381: 10379: 10376: 10374: 10371: 10369: 10366: 10364: 10361: 10359: 10356: 10354: 10351: 10349: 10346: 10344: 10341: 10340: 10338: 10327:from Wikidata 10326: 10325: 10313: 10309: 10308: 10296: 10292: 10291: 10279: 10275: 10274: 10262: 10261: 10258: 10252: 10244: 10243:United States 10234: 10232: 10222: 10221: 10218: 10206: 10201: 10191: 10188: 10186: 10183: 10182: 10180: 10178: 10174: 10168: 10165: 10162: 10159: 10156: 10154: 10151: 10149: 10148:Scalia (2016) 10146: 10144: 10142: 10138: 10136: 10133: 10131: 10128: 10126: 10124: 10120: 10118: 10115: 10113: 10111: 10107: 10106: 10104: 10102: 10096: 10089: 10086: 10084: 10080: 10078: 10076: 10072: 10070: 10068: 10064: 10062: 10060: 10056: 10053: 10050: 10048: 10044: 10042: 10040: 10036: 10034: 10032: 10028: 10027: 10025: 10023: 10019: 10016: 10014: 10010: 10000: 9997: 9995: 9992: 9990: 9987: 9985: 9984:Graham (2018) 9982: 9980: 9977: 9975: 9972: 9971: 9969: 9967: 9963: 9960: 9958: 9957:Lain in honor 9954: 9944: 9942: 9938: 9937: 9935: 9933: 9929: 9923: 9920: 9919: 9917: 9915: 9911: 9905: 9904:Hooper (1875) 9902: 9901: 9899: 9897: 9896:House Chamber 9893: 9887: 9884: 9881: 9878: 9875: 9873: 9870: 9869: 9867: 9865: 9861: 9855: 9852: 9850: 9847: 9845: 9842: 9839: 9836: 9834: 9830: 9828: 9827:McCain (2018) 9825: 9823: 9822:Inouye (2012) 9820: 9817: 9814: 9812: 9808: 9805: 9802: 9800: 9796: 9794: 9793:Pepper (1989) 9791: 9789: 9785: 9782: 9780: 9777: 9775: 9773: 9769: 9767: 9764: 9762: 9759: 9757: 9755: 9751: 9749: 9747: 9743: 9741: 9738: 9735: 9732: 9730: 9726: 9724: 9721: 9719: 9716: 9714: 9711: 9709: 9707: 9703: 9701: 9699: 9695: 9693: 9690: 9688: 9685: 9683: 9680: 9678: 9676: 9672: 9670: 9667: 9665: 9663: 9659: 9657: 9656:Wilson (1875) 9654: 9652: 9651:Sumner (1874) 9649: 9647: 9644: 9641: 9638: 9636: 9632: 9630: 9627: 9626: 9624: 9622: 9618: 9615: 9613: 9612:Lain in state 9609: 9605: 9600: 9595: 9591: 9587: 9586:lain in state 9579: 9574: 9572: 9567: 9565: 9560: 9559: 9556: 9543: 9539: 9536: 9532: 9529: 9525: 9522: 9518: 9515: 9511: 9508: 9507:Complete list 9504: 9503: 9500: 9495: 9483: 9479: 9475: 9471: 9467: 9463: 9459: 9455: 9451: 9447: 9443: 9439: 9435: 9431: 9427: 9426:Esther Forbes 9423: 9419: 9415: 9411: 9407: 9403: 9402:Carl Sandburg 9399: 9395: 9391: 9387: 9383: 9379: 9375: 9371: 9367: 9363: 9359: 9355: 9351: 9347: 9343: 9339: 9335: 9331: 9327: 9323: 9319: 9315: 9311: 9307: 9303: 9299: 9295: 9291: 9287: 9286: 9283: 9278: 9274: 9267: 9262: 9260: 9255: 9253: 9248: 9247: 9244: 9232: 9229: 9227: 9224: 9222: 9219: 9217: 9214: 9212: 9209: 9207: 9204: 9202: 9199: 9197: 9194: 9192: 9189: 9187: 9184: 9182: 9179: 9177: 9174: 9172: 9169: 9167: 9164: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9152: 9149: 9147: 9144: 9142: 9139: 9137: 9134: 9132: 9129: 9127: 9124: 9122: 9119: 9117: 9114: 9112: 9109: 9107: 9104: 9102: 9099: 9097: 9094: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9084: 9082: 9079: 9077: 9074: 9072: 9069: 9067: 9064: 9062: 9059: 9057: 9054: 9052: 9049: 9047: 9044: 9042: 9039: 9038: 9036: 9034: 9030: 9024: 9021: 9019: 9016: 9014: 9011: 9009: 9006: 9004: 9001: 8999: 8996: 8994: 8991: 8989: 8986: 8984: 8981: 8979: 8976: 8974: 8971: 8969: 8966: 8964: 8961: 8959: 8956: 8954: 8951: 8949: 8946: 8944: 8941: 8939: 8936: 8934: 8931: 8929: 8926: 8924: 8921: 8919: 8916: 8914: 8911: 8909: 8906: 8904: 8901: 8899: 8896: 8894: 8891: 8889: 8886: 8884: 8881: 8879: 8876: 8874: 8871: 8869: 8866: 8864: 8861: 8859: 8856: 8854: 8851: 8849: 8846: 8844: 8841: 8839: 8836: 8834: 8831: 8829: 8826: 8824: 8821: 8819: 8816: 8815: 8813: 8811: 8807: 8802: 8795: 8785: 8782: 8780: 8777: 8775: 8772: 8770: 8767: 8765: 8762: 8760: 8757: 8755: 8752: 8750: 8747: 8745: 8742: 8740: 8737: 8735: 8732: 8730: 8727: 8725: 8722: 8720: 8717: 8715: 8712: 8710: 8707: 8705: 8702: 8700: 8697: 8695: 8692: 8691: 8689: 8687: 8681: 8677: 8669: 8664: 8662: 8657: 8655: 8650: 8649: 8646: 8637: 8628: 8627: 8625: 8616: 8610: 8605: 8601: 8592: 8591: 8587: 8579: 8573: 8570: 8567: 8565: 8564: 8555: 8554: 8547: 8543: 8538: 8534: 8533:John L. Hines 8525: 8524: 8517: 8511: 8506: 8501: 8500: 8495: 8493: 8490: 8488: 8485: 8481: 8477: 8475: 8471: 8467: 8464: 8462: 8459: 8457: 8453: 8450: 8447: 8443: 8442: 8437: 8434: 8431: 8429: 8425: 8422: 8420: 8416: 8412: 8409: 8405: 8401: 8398: 8395: 8393: 8390: 8388: 8384: 8381: 8379: 8377: 8373: 8371: 8367: 8364: 8361: 8360: 8351: 8347: 8338: 8336: 8332: 8328: 8324: 8321: 8319: 8315: 8311: 8307: 8304: 8302: 8301:online review 8298: 8294: 8292: 8288: 8285: 8281: 8277: 8273: 8270: 8266: 8264: 8263:0-89096-024-0 8260: 8256: 8252: 8250: 8249:0-89096-024-0 8246: 8242: 8238: 8234: 8232:0-253-21924-8 8228: 8224: 8219: 8217: 8216:0-684-12933-7 8213: 8209: 8205: 8203: 8199: 8195: 8192:Smith, Gene. 8191: 8189: 8185: 8182: 8178: 8174: 8171:Perry, John. 8170: 8167: 8163: 8161: 8157: 8154: 8150: 8146: 8142: 8138: 8136: 8132: 8128: 8124: 8121: 8117: 8115: 8111: 8108: 8104: 8100: 8096: 8093: 8089: 8086: 8082: 8078: 8075: 8074: 8069: 8067: 8066:0-465-00720-1 8063: 8059: 8055: 8053: 8049: 8045: 8041: 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4487: 4483: 4477: 4473: 4472: 4464: 4456: 4452: 4446: 4442: 4441: 4433: 4427: 4423: 4420: 4414: 4408: 4404: 4400: 4396: 4393: 4392: 4385: 4381: 4378: 4377: 4367: 4361: 4357: 4354: 4353: 4342: 4339: 4336: 4332: 4329: 4326: 4323: 4321: 4318: 4317: 4308: 4307: 4302: 4298: 4295: 4294: 4293:Once An Eagle 4289: 4285: 4282: 4278: 4277: 4272: 4268: 4265: 4264:Larry Correia 4261: 4257: 4254: 4250: 4246: 4245: 4244: 4243: 4236: 4232: 4228: 4227: 4222: 4218: 4214: 4211: 4207: 4203: 4202: 4197: 4194: 4190: 4186: 4185: 4184: 4183: 4176: 4175: 4174:The Great War 4170: 4166: 4163: 4162: 4157: 4156:Herbert Heyes 4153: 4150: 4146: 4145:autobiography 4143: 4139: 4138: 4133: 4132:Milburn Stone 4129: 4127: 4126: 4125:Sergeant York 4121: 4117: 4116: 4115: 4114: 4107: 4104:Jo Davidson, 4102: 4090: 4086: 4083: 4079: 4075: 4071: 4068: 4067:postage stamp 4065: 4064:Liberty Issue 4061: 4057: 4054: 4050: 4047: 4043: 4039: 4038: 4034: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4010: 4008: 4004: 3998: 3991: 3983: 3979: 3977: 3973: 3968: 3961: 3959: 3955: 3951: 3947: 3943: 3939: 3935: 3931: 3927: 3911: 3907: 3900: 3898: 3894: 3881: 3878: 3874: 3872: 3868: 3866: 3862: 3860: 3857: 3855: 3852: 3851: 3846: 3832: 3828: 3825: 3821: 3817: 3814: 3811: 3807: 3806: 3802: 3800:(Montenegro) 3799: 3795: 3793:(Montenegro) 3792: 3788: 3784: 3780: 3777: 3776: 3772: 3768: 3765: 3761: 3757: 3754: 3750: 3747: 3746: 3742: 3739: 3737: 3734: 3730: 3727: 3723: 3720: 3719: 3716: 3712: 3710: 3706: 3702: 3698: 3695: 3692: 3691: 3687: 3683: 3677: 3673: 3669: 3661: 3657: 3654: 3650: 3647: 3643: 3640: 3636: 3635: 3631: 3627: 3624: 3620: 3617: 3613: 3610: 3606: 3605: 3601: 3597: 3594: 3590: 3587: 3583: 3580: 3576: 3575: 3571: 3567: 3564: 3560: 3557: 3553: 3550: 3546: 3545: 3541: 3537: 3534: 3530: 3527: 3523: 3520: 3516: 3515: 3511: 3504: 3499: 3496: 3486: 3484: 3480: 3476: 3471: 3467: 3459: 3458: 3451: 3448: 3444: 3443:battle clasps 3439: 3436: 3432: 3431:battle clasps 3427: 3424: 3423: 3418: 3417:battle clasps 3413: 3410: 3406: 3403: 3399: 3396: 3395: 3390: 3387: 3381: 3378: 3374: 3371: 3370: 3365: 3362: 3358: 3355: 3351: 3348: 3347: 3339: 3335: 3330: 3324: 3317: 3310: 3303: 3296: 3289: 3284: 3278: 3271: 3264: 3257: 3250: 3243: 3242: 3236: 3230: 3223: 3216: 3209: 3202: 3195: 3192: 3188: 3185: 3181: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3169: 3165: 3162: 3158: 3157: 3153: 3149: 3146: 3142: 3139: 3135: 3134: 3131: 3120: 3119: 3111: 3108: 3107: 3106: 3104: 3096: 3089: 3088: 3083: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3055: 3052: 3049: 3046: 3044: 3043:National Army 3040: 3037: 3034: 3032: 3031:Moro Province 3028: 3025: 3023: 3019: 3016: 3013: 3010: 3007: 3004: 3001: 2998: 2995: 2992: 2989: 2986: 2985: 2980: 2967: 2965: 2961: 2953: 2951:Retired List 2950: 2947: 2943: 2938: 2934: 2933: 2929: 2926: 2923: 2920: 2919: 2904: 2901: 2899: 2896: 2891: 2887: 2886: 2882: 2879: 2877: 2874: 2869: 2865: 2864: 2860: 2858: 2857:National Army 2855: 2853: 2850: 2845: 2841: 2840: 2836: 2833: 2831: 2830:Major General 2828: 2823: 2819: 2818: 2814: 2811: 2809: 2806: 2801: 2797: 2796: 2792: 2789: 2787: 2784: 2779: 2775: 2774: 2769:June 6, 1899 2768: 2765: 2762: 2760: 2757: 2752: 2748: 2747: 2743: 2741: 2737: 2734: 2732: 2729: 2724: 2720: 2719: 2715: 2712: 2710: 2707: 2702: 2698: 2697: 2694:July 1, 1886 2693: 2691: 2688:6th Cavalry, 2687: 2685: 2682: 2680: 2677: 2676: 2673:July 1, 1882 2672: 2670: 2667: 2665: 2662: 2660: 2657: 2656: 2652: 2649: 2646: 2643: 2642: 2635:Dates of rank 2627: 2625: 2621: 2617: 2616:state funeral 2613: 2609: 2605: 2602:at age 87 at 2601: 2597: 2590: 2585: 2576: 2574: 2570: 2566: 2562: 2557: 2555: 2552: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2534: 2532: 2528: 2523: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2508: 2505: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2494: 2475: 2473: 2469: 2464: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2445: 2442: 2441:Willard Hotel 2438: 2433: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2386:Baron Jacques 2383: 2379: 2371: 2370: 2365: 2361: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2345: 2343: 2339: 2335: 2331: 2327: 2323: 2319: 2315: 2310: 2308: 2304: 2299: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2285: 2281: 2276: 2274: 2270: 2269:U.S. Congress 2261: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2241: 2232: 2230: 2224: 2221: 2215: 2213: 2207: 2205: 2197: 2195: 2170: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2137: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2124: 2120: 2117:victories in 2116: 2112: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2071: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2056: 2054: 2051: 2047: 2046:42nd Division 2043: 2039: 2035: 2026: 2021: 2014: 2010: 2007: 2002: 1998: 1996: 1992: 1987: 1983: 1979: 1975: 1974:no-man's land 1969: 1967: 1963: 1954: 1953: 1947: 1943: 1941: 1937: 1936:Meuse-Argonne 1933: 1929: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1890: 1886: 1881: 1879: 1878:Western Front 1875: 1871: 1863: 1862:91st Division 1859: 1854: 1845: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1826: 1824: 1823:Autun, France 1820: 1815: 1813: 1809: 1808:Mason Patrick 1806: 1805:Major General 1802: 1798: 1793: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1745: 1741: 1738: 1730: 1726: 1721: 1707: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1688: 1684: 1680: 1677: 1673: 1670: 1666: 1656: 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Bridge 7189:January 15, 6800:February 7, 6730:Smythe 1986 6681:Smythe 1986 6669:Smythe 1986 5842:January 18, 5812:October 26, 5787:October 26, 5666:jurementado 5605:juramentado 5522:October 26, 5456:February 6, 4781:February 7, 4745:February 6, 4335:Pershing II 4288:Anton Myrer 4242:Literature: 4233:during the 4189:Jody McCrea 4182:Television: 4169:Ron Perlman 4009:apartment. 3942:Vietnam War 3938:Jules Bache 3918: 1927 3682:Grand Cross 3466:Silver Star 3364:Silver Star 2659:No Insignia 2561:Free French 2406:French Army 2378:Kansas City 2280:Gerald Ford 1995:German Army 1891:, when the 1838:combat boot 1810:as the new 1786:Fourth Army 1761:Vaucouleurs 1615:John Monash 1450:Tom Bridges 1385:World War I 1216:(captain), 1185:during the 1057:juramentado 1018:Philippines 1014:Puerto Rico 987:Silver Star 780:Fort Bayard 588:German Army 548:French Army 496:World War I 347:Silver Star 273:World War I 207:Apache Wars 202:Indian Wars 174:8th Brigade 59:Nickname(s) 10337:Categories 10290:Quotations 9754:Eisenhower 9706:W. H. Taft 9216:McConville 9018:McConville 8993:Schoomaker 8893:Eisenhower 8694:Washington 8527:1921–1924 8284:0316715999 6477:October 2, 5832:Factsheets 5761:pp.292-293 5662:0684129337 4557:August 11, 4347:References 4187:The actor 4017:See also: 3678:(Britain) 2740:Volunteers 2400:, Marshal 2398:Royal Navy 2320:President 2314:Republican 2194:media help 2147:, General 2113:following 1903:, east of 1801:West Point 1171:Republican 1087:Lake Lanao 830:Fort Meade 815:New Mexico 740:ex officio 705:degree in 673:and was a 653:Pfoerschin 642:Early life 576:First Army 572:St. Mihiel 481:Black Jack 261:Border War 257:(observer) 212:Sioux Wars 113:Allegiance 73:1860-09-13 51:Birth name 10231:Biography 10141:Rehnquist 10075:Roosevelt 10022:East Room 9813:(2006–07, 9746:H. Hoover 9594:in repose 9542:2001–2025 9535:1976–2000 9528:1951–1975 9521:1926–1950 9514:1917–1925 9196:Chiarelli 9096:B. Palmer 9066:Lemnitzer 9061:W. Palmer 8943:B. Palmer 8918:Lemnitzer 8878:MacArthur 8873:Summerall 8779:Schofield 8754:McClellan 8729:Wilkinson 8714:St. Clair 8622:Cover of 8546:New title 8188:706019031 8160:818735101 8114:175289896 7943:March 27, 6431:0889-7328 6262:August 2, 6228:April 28, 6202:April 28, 5555:April 12, 4376:Citations 4303:'s novel 3893:Freemason 3696:(France) 3688:(France) 2927:Component 2650:Component 2081:and into 1669:President 1541:RMS 1433:in 1888. 1308:Generals 1206:Manchuria 1031:When the 849:War Eagle 782:, in the 746:President 667:Civil War 603:armistice 422:Signature 364:Spouse(s) 136:1882–1924 10059:McKinley 10031:Harrison 9675:McKinley 9662:Garfield 9590:in honor 9206:Campbell 9176:Shinseki 9166:Griffith 9146:Sullivan 9141:RisCassi 9136:A. Brown 9076:Eddleman 8988:Shinseki 8978:Sullivan 8888:Marshall 8863:Pershing 8848:H. Scott 8774:Sheridan 8749:W. Scott 8739:J. Brown 8734:Dearborn 8724:Hamilton 8626:Magazine 8561:Marshal 8411:Archived 8400:Archived 8378:obituary 8366:Archived 8291:62172693 8147:, 2013. 8099:Pershing 7978:Archived 7893:Archived 7748:53929433 7510:Archived 7485:Archived 7303:47658851 7277:(2001). 7261:Archived 7183:Archived 7112:Archived 7000:Archived 6976:Archived 6949:Archived 6925:Archived 6902:Archived 6846:Archived 6823:Archived 6794:Archived 6750:Archived 6617:Archived 6596:Archived 6576:July 12, 6471:Archived 6451:41008291 6361:Archived 6256:Archived 6254:. 1993. 6222:Archived 6196:Archived 6151:Archived 6120:Archived 6053:Archived 6022:Archived 6001:Archived 5970:Archived 5903:Archived 5860:(2006). 5836:Archived 5733:Archived 5709:Archived 5585:Archived 5546:Archived 5397:Archived 5372:Archived 5315:Archived 5256:Archived 5073:Archived 5042:Archived 5020:Archived 4956:Archived 4933:Archived 4850:Archived 4819:Archived 4775:Archived 4739:Archived 4608:Archived 4510:Archived 4486:Archived 4455:Archived 4422:Archived 4395:Archived 4314:See also 4044:for the 3773:(Italy) 3766:(Italy) 3441:with 15 3429:with 15 3415:with 15 3109:Citation 3064:between 3060:for the 2921:Insignia 2644:Insignia 2119:Salonika 2103:Bulgaria 2083:Lorraine 2009:George V 2004:British 1980:General 1932:Flanders 1778:II Corps 1729:Chaumont 1529:Fort Jay 1351:Presidio 1322:Presidio 1113:or even 1037:Mindanao 1026:adjutant 808:Hispanic 802:and Lt. 677:for the 567:Soissons 555:Cantigny 414:Children 359:(France) 171:Commands 121:Service/ 10217:Portals 10161:funeral 10088:funeral 10083:Kennedy 10067:Harding 10052:funeral 10047:Lincoln 9880:funeral 9838:funeral 9816:funeral 9804:funeral 9784:Blassie 9772:Johnson 9734:funeral 9729:Kennedy 9698:Harding 9640:funeral 9635:Lincoln 9277:History 9161:Tilelli 9131:Thurman 9126:Wickham 9116:Kroesen 9081:Hamlett 9046:Haislip 9041:Collins 9008:Odierno 9003:Dempsey 8968:Wickham 8933:Johnson 8928:Wheeler 8908:Ridgway 8903:Collins 8898:Bradley 8823:Chaffee 8769:Sherman 8759:Halleck 8704:Doughty 8588:in the 8472:of the 8468:in the 8385:at the 6717:1899558 6531:pg. 493 6147:nps.gov 5767:, 1928. 5488:May 21, 5428:pg. 171 5407:website 5403:on the 4290:novel, 4266:(2011). 3812:(Peru) 3684:of the 3674:of the 3453:(1941) 3446:(1919) 3434:(1919) 3420:(1919) 3408:(1917) 3401:(1905) 3392:(1915) 3376:(1907) 3367:(1932) 3360:(1918) 3353:(1940) 2852:General 2786:Captain 2610:at the 2518:during 2502:Civitan 2412:of the 2404:of the 2388:of the 2294:in the 2292:General 2099:Germany 2087:Belgium 1919:and an 1840:, the " 1830:effects 1452:of the 1310:Obregón 1239:, near 1229:Balkans 1168:Wyoming 1107:colonel 1006:malaria 947:Academy 903:Montana 841:Indians 819:Arizona 607:Germany 580:salient 488:officer 405: 397: 387: 379: 375: 10143:(2005) 10125:(1995) 10123:Burger 10112:(1974) 10110:Warren 10085:(1963, 10077:(1945) 10069:(1923) 10061:(1901) 10049:(1865, 10041:(1850) 10039:Taylor 10033:(1841) 9943:(1873) 9835:(2018, 9801:(2004, 9799:Reagan 9774:(1973) 9756:(1969) 9748:(1964) 9731:(1963, 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