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increased his forces to about 21,000 men by absorbing the troops under Bragg, who had abandoned
Wilmington. Late afternoon, Johnston attacked, crushing the line of the XIV Corps. Only strong counterattacks and desperate fighting south of the Goldsborough Road blunted the Confederate offensive. Elements of the XX Corps were thrown into the action as they arrived on the field. Five Confederate attacks failed to dislodge the Federal defenders, and darkness ended the first day's fighting. During the night, Johnston contracted his line into a "V" to protect his flanks, with Mill Creek to his rear. On March 20, Slocum was heavily reinforced, but fighting was sporadic. Sherman was inclined to let Johnston retreat. On March 21, however, Johnston remained in position while he removed his wounded. Skirmishing heated up along the entire front. In the afternoon, Maj. Gen.
795:. Many soldiers took advantage of ample supplies of liquor in the city and began to drink. Fires began in the city, and high winds spread the flames across a wide area. Most of the central city was destroyed, and the city's fire companies found it difficult to operate in conjunction with the invading Union army, many of whom were also trying to put out the fire. The burning of Columbia has engendered controversy ever since, with some claiming the fires were accidental, others stating they were a deliberate act of vengeance as in Atlanta, and others claiming that the fires were set by retreating Confederate soldiers who lit bales of cotton on their way out of town. Sherman's forces then destroyed virtually anything of military value in Columbia, including railroad depots, warehouses, arsenals, and machine shops.
600:, in the middle of North Carolina. The Army was to live off the land, and the locals. Very strict orders were issued regulating foraging. Soldiers could requisition select supplies from locals, but could not enter homes or otherwise trespass, could not harass them, and were to leave enough food for the locals to live off. The destruction of property was to be ordered only by the Corps commanders, which would reflect the level of harassment the army received. If the army were left unbothered, no property was to be destroyed. But if guerilla action impeded the army, the area would be destroyed commensurate with the level of activity. Compliance with the foraging orders varied; some foragers were apt to steal considerably from the locals.
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Confederates. At dawn, March 16, the
Federals advanced on a division front, driving back skirmishers, but they were stopped by the main Confederate line and a counterattack. Mid-morning, the Federals renewed their advance with strong reinforcements and drove the Confederates from two lines of works, but they were repulsed at a third line. Late afternoon, the Union XIV Corps began to arrive on the field but was unable to deploy before dark because of the swampy ground. Hardee retreated during the night of March 16, after holding up the Union advance for nearly two days.
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956:. Sherman faced political resistance for offering terms of surrender to Johnston that encompassed political issues as well as military, without authorization from General Grant or the United States government. The confusion on this issue lasted until April 26, when Johnston agreed to purely military terms and formally surrendered his army and all Confederate forces in the Carolinas, Georgia, and
869:) County. Early on March 10, Hampton's Confederate cavalry surprised the Federals in their camps, driving them back in confusion and capturing wagons and artillery. The Federals regrouped and counterattacked, regaining their artillery and camps after a desperate fight. With Union reinforcements on the way, the Confederates withdrew.
843:. On March 8, the Confederates attempted to seize the initiative by attacking the Union flanks. After initial success, their attacks stalled because of faulty communications. On March 9, the Union forces were reinforced and beat back Bragg's renewed attacks on March 10 after heavy fighting. Bragg withdrew across the
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On the afternoon of March 15, Kilpatrick's cavalry came up against Hardee's corps deployed across the
Raleigh Road near Smithville. After feeling out the Confederate defenses, Kilpatrick withdrew and called for infantry support. During the night, four divisions of the XX Corps arrived to confront the
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While Slocum's advance was stalled at
Averasborough by Hardee's troops, the right wing of Sherman's army under Howard marched toward Goldsboro. On March 19, Slocum encountered the entrenched Confederates of Gen. Joseph E. Johnston who had concentrated to meet his advance at Bentonville. Johnston had
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Our people are tired of the war, feel themselves whipped, and will not fight. Our country is overrun, its military resources greatly diminished, while the enemy's military power and resources were never greater and may be increased to any extent desired. ... My small force is melting away like snow
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fought
Kilpatrick's cavalry corps. Wheeler formed his troopers into a "V" formation, and deployed skirmishers in front of his cavalry. He planned for Kilpatrick to attack the skirmishers, who would then retreat to the center of the "V." His cavalry would then charge and surround Kilpatrick's force.
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Sherman's
Carolina campaign, in which his troops marched 425 miles (684 km) in 50 days, was similar to his march to the sea through Georgia, although physically more demanding. However, the Confederate forces opposing him were much smaller and more dispirited. When Joseph E. Johnston met with
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led his Union division along a narrow trace that carried it across Mill Creek into
Johnston's rear. Confederate counterattacks stopped Mower's advance, saving the army's only line of communication and retreat. Mower withdrew, ending fighting for the day. During the night, Johnston retreated across
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Continuing the precedent set in the March to the Sea, the Army would be cut off from its supply lines to enable mobility. The Army travelled light: a great deal of ammunition was carried, but minimal food, animal feed, or other supplies. Sherman did not expect a resupply until he reached
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the bridge at
Bentonville. Union forces pursued at first light, driving back Wheeler's rearguard and saving the bridge. Federal pursuit was halted at Hannah's Creek after a severe skirmish. Sherman, after regrouping at Goldsboro, pursued Johnston toward
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When the battle started, a
Confederate soldier shot his gun prematurely. This resulted in Wheeler ordering all his soldiers to attack the Union army. They engaged in hand-to-hand combat. Kilpatrick was defeated and forced back to
497:. Sherman had bigger things in mind. He persuaded Grant that he should march north through the Carolinas instead, destroying everything of military value along the way, similar to his 'March to the Sea' through
537:. As with his Georgia operations, Sherman marched his armies in multiple directions simultaneously, confusing the scattered Confederate defenders as to his first true objective, which was the state capital of
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The journey through the
Carolinas would be muddy and difficult, especially given that roads were to be for vehicles only; men would have to walk through the wilderness alongside. Military
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On the evening of February 17, the Fort Sumter garrison and all remaining Confederate forces in the Charleston area evacuated north to avoid being cut off by Sherman's advancing army.
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from the Union, for the effect it would have on Southern morale. Grant acceded, and Sherman received the go ahead on Christmas Eve. The rest of the year was spent in preparations.
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611:. Noted one Confederate soldier: "If Sherman's army had gone to hell and wanted to march over and there were no other way, they would corduroy it and march on."
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865:'s Cavalry Division screened its left flank. On the evening of March 9, two of Kilpatrick's brigades encamped near the Charles Monroe House in Cumberland (now
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After the war, Sherman remarked that while his March to the Sea had captured popular imagination, it had been child's play compared to the Carolinas Campaign.
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The Carolinas campaign was arranged similarly to the Atlanta campaign. Sherman's 60,079 men were divided into two wings. The right wing was the
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648:). His strength was recorded in mid-March at 9,513 and 15,188 by mid-April. The army was organized into three corps, commanded by Lt. Gen.
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toward Goldsboro. On March 7, Cox's advance was stopped by divisions under Gen. Braxton Bragg's command at Southwest Creek south of
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Reynolds, Donalds; Kele, Max (1969). "A YANK IN THE CAROLINAS CAMPAIGN: THE DIARY OF JAMES W. CHAPIN, EIGHTH INDIANA CAVALRY".
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Sherman's opponents on the Confederate side had considerably fewer men. The primary force in the Carolinas was the battered
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Farmer, James (2005). "Playing Rebels: Reenactment as Nostalgia and Defense of the Confederacy in the Battle of Aiken".
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No Such Army Since the Days of Julius Caesar: Sherman's Carolinas Campaign from Fayetteville to Averasboro, March 1865
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Sherman intended the bulk of the Army moved out in mid-January 1865, but maneuvering began on December 30, 1864.
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wanted redeployed for use in Virginia. Grant ordered Sherman to embark his army on ships to reinforce the
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968:. It was the virtual end for the Confederacy, although some smaller forces held out, particularly in the
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of the United States, it is considered part of the Western Theater because it was a continuation of an
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At this point, Sherman had 60,000 veteran troops under his command, which Union Army general-in-chief
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960:. It was the second significant surrender that month. On April 9, Robert E. Lee had surrendered the
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1518:. Raleigh: North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources, Office of Archives and History, 2015.
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1260:(Action), Gabriel Baxley, Troy H. Bradley, Jerry Chesser, Tripp Courtney, retrieved 2020-09-03
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Army crossing the Edisto during the Carolinas campaign from 1872 children's textbook
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to deal with Hood, while the main army returned to Atlanta. Sherman then began his "
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738:(Howard's army) crossed the river and assaulted McLaws' flank. McLaws withdrew to
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Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman had taken a large force through Georgia in the 1864
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to Union forces on April 26, 1865. Coming just two weeks after the defeat of
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764:. Cavalry corps and the Aiken Home Guard, which were under the command of
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by the right wing of Sherman's army. The Union division under Maj. Gen.
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This battle took place entirely in South Carolina. During the Battle
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1271:"Confederate Occupation of Fort Sumter (U.S. National Park Service)"
4003:
420:
1422:(1 ed.). College Station: Texas A & M University Press.
957:
4924:
Strategic operations of the Union Army in the American Civil War
463:. Sherman eventually pulled out from the campaign, leaving Gen.
4919:
Military operations of the American Civil War in South Carolina
4914:
Military operations of the American Civil War in North Carolina
4801:
List of films and television shows about the American Civil War
1516:
The Old North State at War: The North Carolina Civil War Atlas
1646:
805:, on February 22 Union troops captured the important port of
792:
700:
The following actions were fought in the Carolinas campaign.
688:
Sherman's advance: Tennessee, Georgia and Carolinas (1863–65)
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607:
were used extensively to build bridges, and vast lengths of
423:. The campaign culminated in the defeat of Confederate Gen.
988:
Although the campaign took place entirely in states on the
847:
and was unable to prevent the fall of Kinston on March 14.
4909:
Campaigns of the Western Theater of the American Civil War
1546:
Orlando M. Poe: Civil War General and Great Lakes Engineer
861:
As Sherman's army advanced into North Carolina, Maj. Gen.
1568:
Official website of the Bennett Place State Historic Site
1514:
Moore, Mark A., with Jessica A. Bandel and Michael Hill.
1122:
419:, with the intention of linking up with Union forces in
30:
For the campaign of the American Revolutionary War, see
1089:
1053:
831:, in February. At the same time, he assigned Maj. Gen.
1503:. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2021.
1486:
The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War
1454:
Last Stand in the Carolinas: The Battle of Bentonville
1594:
The Final Campaign of the Army of Tennessee (Lecture)
1134:
1110:
742:, causing only one day's delay in the Union advance.
660:. Also in the Carolinas were cavalry forces from the
1533:, rev. ed. El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie, 2017.
1077:
1065:
1041:
1029:
1017:
703:
471:", culminating in the December capture of Savannah.
996:by the western armies under Maj. Gen. Sherman (the
925:on April 12–13, he told the Confederate president:
501:. Sherman was particularly interested in targeting
850:
32:Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War
1230:. North Carolina Office of Archives and History.
443:, it signaled that the war was effectively over.
4855:
4487:Confederate States presidential election of 1861
1469:This Astounding Close: The Road to Bennett Place
489:in Virginia, where Grant was bogged down in the
379:(January 1 – April 26, 1865), also known as the
1548:. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 2009.
4311:Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S.
1541:. First published 2006 by Ironclad Publishing.
2197:
1632:
1608:
297:
283:
1583:Sherman's Armies in South Carolina (Lecture)
1471:. University of North Carolina Press, 2006.
1213:"The Yellow House and the Battle of Aiken".
887:
568:. The left wing was made of two corps, the
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1639:
1625:
1407:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
580:, which was later formally designated the
290:
276:
4929:Union victories of the American Civil War
1648:Western theater of the American Civil War
827:Schofield planned to advance inland from
816:
776:
730:attempted to prevent the crossing of the
49:Western Theater of the American Civil War
2400:Treatment of slaves in the United States
1488:. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001.
872:
713:
691:
683:
4143:Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War
2315:South Carolina Declaration of Secession
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1083:
1071:
1059:
1047:
1035:
1023:
525:Sherman's plan was to make a feint for
14:
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4128:Modern display of the Confederate flag
2211:
1499:Lucas, Marion B., with Anne S. Rubin.
1187:. University of North Carolina Press.
745:
726:The Confederate division of Maj. Gen.
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2522:
2325:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers
2223:
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1620:
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1415:
1376:Sherman's march through the Carolinas
1243:"Battle of Aiken Historical Marker".
271:
27:Military campaign, American Civil War
1529:Smith, Mark A., and Wade Sokolosky.
1228:The North Carolina Historical Review
998:Military Division of the Mississippi
4482:Committee on the Conduct of the War
4158:United Daughters of the Confederacy
1501:Sherman and the burning of Columbia
1456:. Savas Woodbury Publishers, 1996.
1419:Sherman and the burning of Columbia
1217:. 2017-02-12. Retrieved 2020-09-23.
640:against Sherman and restored after
24:
4552:U.S. Presidential Election of 1864
4347:
3891:impeachment managers investigation
2270:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
1445:
1256:Forbes, Christopher (2005-08-26),
934:On April 18, three days after the
544:
71:February 17, 1865, as depicted in
25:
4940:
3977:Reconstruction military districts
2425:Abolitionism in the United States
2380:Plantations in the American South
2295:Origins of the American Civil War
1561:
704:Rivers' Bridge (February 3, 1865)
533:, while instead truly aiming for
4831:
4822:
4821:
3960:Enforcement Act of February 1871
3933:Pulaski (Tennessee) riot of 1867
2151:
2110:
1373:Barrett, John Gilchrist (1956).
801:More than a month after seizing
718:Lithograph of Howard's Corps of
646:disastrous invasion of Tennessee
515:Sherman's army commenced toward
441:Battle of Appomattox Court House
403:. On January 1, Union Maj. Gen.
227:
217:
205:
185:
167:
55:
4745:New York City Gold Hoax of 1864
4607:When Johnny Comes Marching Home
4168:Wilmington insurrection of 1898
1737:Cumberland and Tennessee Rivers
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1345:
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1177:
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1146:
851:Monroe's Cross Roads (March 10)
696:Movements in Carolinas campaign
4869:1865 in the American Civil War
3848:Southern Homestead Act of 1866
1416:Lucas, Marion Brunson (1976).
1215:Aiken Regional Medical Centers
1101:
982:
857:Battle of Monroe's Cross Roads
679:
614:
13:
1:
4263:Ladies' Memorial Associations
3965:Enforcement Act of April 1871
3861:Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
3736:
1011:
446:
4396:Confederate revolving cannon
4138:Sons of Confederate Veterans
4009:South Carolina riots of 1876
3987:Indian Council at Fort Smith
3938:South Carolina riots of 1876
3903:Knights of the White Camelia
2395:Slavery in the United States
2004:(Sherman's March to the Sea)
911:
835:to direct Union forces from
592:joined up at Goldsboro, NC.
493:against Confederate General
7:
4750:New York City riots of 1863
4575:Battle Hymn of the Republic
4326:United Confederate Veterans
4163:Children of the Confederacy
4153:United Confederate Veterans
4148:Southern Historical Society
3300:
2780:Price's Missouri Expedition
2250:Timeline leading to the War
2224:
1379:(1 ed.). Chapel Hill.
1174:. Retrieved 2 October 2017.
621:Confederate order of battle
461:Franklin–Nashville campaign
10:
4945:
4718:Confederate Secret Service
4306:Grand Army of the Republic
4198:Grand Army of the Republic
4016:Southern Claims Commission
1577:American Battlefield Trust
891:
876:
854:
820:
807:Wilmington, North Carolina
780:
749:
707:
670:Wilmington, North Carolina
618:
553:
531:Charleston, South Carolina
88:January 1 – April 26, 1865
29:
4864:Campaign of the Carolinas
4817:
4793:
4706:Confederate States dollar
4678:
4620:
4565:
4517:Habeas Corpus Act of 1863
4512:Emancipation Proclamation
4474:
4406:Medal of Honor recipients
4363:
4359:
4342:
4294:Confederate Memorial Hall
4276:
4255:
4213:
4185:
4176:
4096:Confederate Memorial Hall
4069:Confederate History Month
4049:Civil War Discovery Trail
4029:
3950:Habeas Corpus Act of 1867
3781:
3756:Reconstruction Amendments
3746:
3742:
3731:
3653:
3522:
3515:
3455:
3319:
3312:
3308:
3295:
3237:
2984:
2977:
2808:
2664:
2623:
2591:
2558:
2551:
2547:
2518:
2415:
2365:Emancipation Proclamation
2333:
2234:
2230:
2219:
2150:
2108:
2101:
2081:
2065:
2056:
2011:
1954:
1945:
1900:
1854:
1845:
1780:
1719:
1710:
1687:
1663:
1654:
1614:
1609:Links to related articles
1573:Campaign of the Carolinas
1339:January 15, 2010, at the
1285:"The Fall of Fort Fisher"
972:region, into the summer.
962:Army of Northern Virginia
888:Bentonville (March 19–21)
535:Goldsboro, North Carolina
381:campaign of the Carolinas
311:
302:Campaign of the Carolinas
235:
198:
160:
80:
54:
46:
42:Campaign of the Carolinas
41:
4904:William Tecumseh Sherman
4780:U.S. Sanitary Commission
4691:Battlefield preservation
4597:Marching Through Georgia
4522:Hampton Roads Conference
4497:Confiscation Act of 1862
4492:Confiscation Act of 1861
4268:U.S. national cemeteries
4074:Confederate Memorial Day
4059:Civil War Trails Program
3928:New Orleans riot of 1866
1732:New Madrid-Island No. 10
1316:NPS Monroe's Cross Roads
975:
787:On February 17, Sherman
710:Battle of Rivers' Bridge
549:
539:Columbia, South Carolina
519:, in late January 1865.
517:Columbia, South Carolina
505:, as the first state to
4701:Confederate war finance
4321:Southern Cross of Honor
4289:1938 Gettysburg reunion
4284:1913 Gettysburg reunion
3982:Reconstruction Treaties
3955:Enforcement Act of 1870
3838:Freedman's Savings Bank
2455:Lane Debates on Slavery
2280:Lincoln–Douglas debates
1357:March 12, 2010, at the
1303:April 13, 2010, at the
1247:. Retrieved 2020-09-23.
1204:. Retrieved 2020-09-23.
1158:March 17, 2010, at the
841:Kinston, North Carolina
433:unconditional surrender
117:Unconditional surrender
4879:1865 in South Carolina
4874:1865 in North Carolina
4760:Richmond riots of 1863
4686:Baltimore riot of 1861
4466:U.S. Military Railroad
4386:Confederate Home Guard
4118:Historiographic issues
4084:Historical reenactment
2583:Revenue Cutter Service
2450:William Lloyd Garrison
2359:Dred Scott v. Sandford
1742:New Orleans Expedition
966:Appomattox Court House
932:
817:Wyse Fork (March 7–10)
777:Columbia (February 17)
758:Hugh Judson Kilpatrick
723:
697:
689:
668:and a small number in
199:Commanders and leaders
4725:Great Revival of 1863
4602:Maryland, My Maryland
4391:Confederate railroads
4054:Civil War Roundtables
3923:Meridian riot of 1871
3918:Memphis riots of 1866
2475:George Luther Stearns
2460:Elijah Parish Lovejoy
2353:Crittenden Compromise
1321:May 27, 2010, at the
1004:in the previous year.
944:, Johnston signed an
927:
894:Battle of Bentonville
892:Further information:
877:Further information:
873:Averasboro (March 16)
855:Further information:
821:Further information:
781:Further information:
760:attacked the city of
750:Further information:
717:
708:Further information:
695:
687:
631:Confederate President
619:Further information:
562:Army of the Tennessee
556:Union order of battle
554:Further information:
429:Battle of Bentonville
244:Army of the Tennessee
126:Effective end of the
4889:February 1865 events
4612:Daar kom die Alibama
4527:National Union Party
4203:memorials to Lincoln
4123:Lost Cause mythology
3828:Eufaula riot of 1874
3816:Confederate refugees
3029:District of Columbia
2656:Union naval blockade
2502:Underground Railroad
2290:Nullification crisis
1977:Forrest's Expedition
1918:Siege of Port Hudson
1772:West Tennessee Raids
1234:: 42–57 – via JSTOR.
879:Battle of Averasboro
654:Alexander P. Stewart
407:advanced north from
346:Monroe's Cross-Roads
4884:January 1865 events
4770:Supreme Court cases
4537:Radical Republicans
4316:Old soldiers' homes
4300:Confederate Veteran
4226:artworks in Capitol
3945:Reconstruction acts
3806:Colfax riot of 1873
2770:Richmond-Petersburg
2375:Fugitive slave laws
2305:Popular sovereignty
2285:Missouri Compromise
2275:Kansas-Nebraska Act
1258:The Battle of Aiken
1200:"Battle of Aiken".
952:, a farmhouse near
823:Battle of Wyse Fork
783:Capture of Columbia
746:Aiken (February 11)
491:Siege of Petersburg
483:Army of the Potomac
141:Dissolution of the
4591:A Lincoln Portrait
4532:Politicians killed
4456:U.S. Balloon Corps
4451:Union corps badges
4231:memorials to Davis
4101:Disenfranchisement
3972:Reconstruction era
3853:Timber Culture Act
3811:Compromise of 1877
2775:Franklin–Nashville
2445:Frederick Douglass
2348:Cornerstone Speech
2265:Compromise of 1850
2213:American Civil War
1992:Franklin–Nashville
1913:Siege of Vicksburg
1170:"Battle of Aiken"
1153:NPS Rivers' Bridge
732:Salkehatchie River
724:
698:
690:
576:, under Maj. Gen.
566:Oliver Otis Howard
564:, under Maj. Gen.
425:Joseph E. Johnston
405:William T. Sherman
401:American Civil War
377:Carolinas campaign
224:Joseph E. Johnston
212:William T. Sherman
193:Confederate States
128:American Civil War
18:Carolinas Campaign
4899:April 1865 events
4894:March 1865 events
4851:
4850:
4845:
4844:
4813:
4812:
4809:
4808:
4643:Italian Americans
4628:African Americans
4585:John Brown's Body
4338:
4337:
4334:
4333:
4251:
4250:
4089:Robert E. Lee Day
3833:Freedmen's Bureau
3796:Brooks–Baxter War
3727:
3726:
3723:
3722:
3719:
3718:
3511:
3510:
3291:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3283:
3282:
2700:Northern Virginia
2646:Trans-Mississippi
2619:
2618:
2514:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2406:Uncle Tom's Cabin
2343:African Americans
2179:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2097:
2096:
2052:
2051:
2019:Kennesaw Mountain
1972:Camden Expedition
1941:
1940:
1841:
1840:
1706:
1705:
1554:978-1-60635-040-9
1539:978-1-61121-286-0
1524:978-0-86526-471-7
1467:Bradley, Mark L.
1452:Bradley, Mark L.
1386:978-1-4696-1112-9
1202:battleofaiken.org
1185:Southern Cultures
1172:battleofaiken.org
1131:, pp. 35–36.
1098:, pp. 39–41.
1062:, pp. 25–26.
970:Trans-Mississippi
863:Judson Kilpatrick
789:captured Columbia
650:William J. Hardee
627:Army of Tennessee
590:John M. Schofield
487:Army of the James
387:conducted by the
370:
369:
266:
265:
261:Army of the South
156:
155:
123:on April 26, 1865
121:Army of the South
16:(Redirected from
4936:
4835:
4825:
4824:
4648:Native Americans
4633:German Americans
4426:Partisan rangers
4421:Official Records
4361:
4360:
4344:
4343:
4236:memorials to Lee
4183:
4182:
3744:
3743:
3733:
3732:
3520:
3519:
3317:
3316:
3310:
3309:
3297:
3296:
3270:Washington, D.C.
3064:Indian Territory
3024:Dakota Territory
2982:
2981:
2899:Chancellorsville
2690:Jackson's Valley
2680:Blockade runners
2556:
2555:
2549:
2548:
2520:
2519:
2480:Thaddeus Stevens
2470:Lysander Spooner
2430:Susan B. Anthony
2232:
2231:
2221:
2220:
2206:
2199:
2192:
2183:
2182:
2155:
2115:
2114:
2106:
2105:
2063:
2062:
1952:
1951:
1933:Missionary Ridge
1928:Lookout Mountain
1852:
1851:
1813:Siege of Corinth
1717:
1716:
1673:Arkansas 1861–65
1661:
1660:
1641:
1634:
1627:
1618:
1617:
1605:
1604:
1595:
1584:
1483:Eicher, David J.
1441:
1412:
1406:
1398:
1361:
1349:
1343:
1331:
1325:
1313:
1307:
1295:
1289:
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1281:
1275:
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1267:
1261:
1254:
1248:
1241:
1235:
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1218:
1211:
1205:
1198:
1192:
1181:
1175:
1168:
1162:
1150:
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1138:
1132:
1126:
1120:
1114:
1108:
1105:
1099:
1093:
1087:
1081:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1057:
1051:
1045:
1039:
1033:
1027:
1021:
1005:
990:Eastern Seaboard
986:
948:with Sherman at
936:assassination of
736:Francis P. Blair
728:Lafayette McLaws
638:Atlanta campaign
588:under Maj. Gen.
586:Army of the Ohio
527:Augusta, Georgia
479:Ulysses S. Grant
469:March to the Sea
465:George H. Thomas
453:Atlanta campaign
393:Confederate Army
383:, was the final
306:
305:
303:
292:
285:
278:
269:
268:
249:Army of the Ohio
231:
222:
221:
210:
209:
191:
189:
188:
173:
171:
170:
82:
81:
59:
39:
38:
21:
4944:
4943:
4939:
4938:
4937:
4935:
4934:
4933:
4854:
4853:
4852:
4847:
4846:
4841:
4805:
4789:
4674:
4638:Irish Americans
4616:
4561:
4470:
4461:U.S. Home Guard
4401:Field artillery
4355:
4354:
4330:
4272:
4247:
4209:
4178:
4172:
4064:Civil War Trust
4031:
4025:
3913:Ethnic violence
3898:Kirk–Holden war
3777:
3738:
3715:
3649:
3507:
3451:
3304:
3279:
3233:
2986:
2973:
2804:
2785:Sherman's March
2765:Bermuda Hundred
2660:
2615:
2587:
2543:
2542:
2506:
2465:J. Sella Martin
2435:James G. Birney
2411:
2329:
2255:Bleeding Kansas
2243:
2226:
2215:
2210:
2180:
2171:
2146:
2109:
2093:
2077:
2048:
2007:
1937:
1896:
1837:
1828:Chickasaw Bayou
1776:
1702:
1683:
1650:
1645:
1610:
1593:
1582:
1564:
1559:
1448:
1446:Further reading
1430:
1400:
1399:
1387:
1369:
1364:
1359:Wayback Machine
1352:NPS Bentonville
1350:
1346:
1341:Wayback Machine
1332:
1328:
1323:Wayback Machine
1314:
1310:
1305:Wayback Machine
1296:
1292:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1269:
1268:
1264:
1255:
1251:
1242:
1238:
1225:
1221:
1212:
1208:
1199:
1195:
1182:
1178:
1169:
1165:
1160:Wayback Machine
1151:
1147:
1139:
1135:
1127:
1123:
1115:
1111:
1107:Eicher, p. 797.
1106:
1102:
1094:
1090:
1082:
1078:
1070:
1066:
1058:
1054:
1046:
1042:
1034:
1030:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1009:
1008:
1000:), starting in
987:
983:
978:
942:Abraham Lincoln
930:before the sun.
919:Jefferson Davis
914:
896:
890:
881:
875:
859:
853:
825:
819:
785:
779:
754:
752:Battle of Aiken
748:
712:
706:
682:
656:, and Lt. Gen.
634:Jefferson Davis
623:
617:
598:Cape Fear River
582:Army of Georgia
578:Henry W. Slocum
558:
552:
547:
545:Opposing forces
449:
437:Robert E. Lee's
427:'s army at the
397:Western Theater
373:
372:
371:
366:
355:
307:
301:
299:
298:
296:
254:Army of Georgia
216:
204:
186:
184:
168:
166:
151:Southern States
137:
100:
74:Harper's Weekly
70:
61:The Burning of
60:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4942:
4932:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4849:
4848:
4843:
4842:
4840:
4839:
4829:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4811:
4810:
4807:
4806:
4804:
4803:
4797:
4795:
4791:
4790:
4788:
4787:
4785:Women soldiers
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4740:Naming the war
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4721:
4720:
4710:
4709:
4708:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4682:
4680:
4676:
4675:
4673:
4672:
4671:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4624:
4622:
4618:
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4615:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4587:
4582:
4577:
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4569:
4563:
4562:
4560:
4559:
4554:
4549:
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4534:
4529:
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4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
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4478:
4476:
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4471:
4469:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4376:Campaign Medal
4373:
4367:
4365:
4357:
4356:
4353:
4352:
4351:Related topics
4348:
4340:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4332:
4331:
4329:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4280:
4278:
4274:
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4270:
4265:
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4240:
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4238:
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4206:
4205:
4200:
4189:
4187:
4180:
4174:
4173:
4171:
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4150:
4145:
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4125:
4120:
4115:
4114:
4113:
4108:
4098:
4093:
4092:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4079:Decoration Day
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4035:
4033:
4032:Reconstruction
4027:
4026:
4024:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4012:
4011:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3990:
3989:
3979:
3974:
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3968:
3967:
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3957:
3952:
3942:
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3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3894:
3893:
3888:
3886:second inquiry
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3858:
3857:
3856:
3850:
3843:Homestead Acts
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3824:
3823:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3791:Alabama Claims
3787:
3785:
3783:Reconstruction
3779:
3778:
3776:
3775:
3774:
3773:
3771:15th Amendment
3768:
3766:14th Amendment
3763:
3761:13th Amendment
3752:
3750:
3740:
3739:
3729:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3721:
3720:
3717:
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3607:
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3506:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3459:
3457:
3453:
3452:
3450:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3392:J. E. Johnston
3389:
3387:A. S. Johnston
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3327:R. H. Anderson
3323:
3321:
3314:
3306:
3305:
3293:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3285:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3241:
3239:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3189:South Carolina
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3164:North Carolina
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
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3076:
3071:
3066:
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3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2990:
2988:
2979:
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2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2889:Fredericksburg
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2829:Wilson's Creek
2826:
2821:
2815:
2813:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
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2757:
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2747:
2742:
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2732:
2727:
2722:
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2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2671:
2669:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2641:Lower Seaboard
2638:
2633:
2627:
2625:
2621:
2620:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2597:
2595:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2564:
2562:
2553:
2545:
2544:
2541:
2540:
2537:
2534:
2531:
2528:
2524:
2516:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2497:Harriet Tubman
2494:
2493:
2492:
2485:Charles Sumner
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2421:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2339:
2337:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2327:
2322:
2320:States' rights
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2235:
2228:
2227:
2217:
2216:
2209:
2208:
2201:
2194:
2186:
2177:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2169:
2164:
2158:
2156:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2118:
2116:
2103:
2099:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2091:
2085:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2075:
2069:
2067:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2015:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2005:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1958:
1956:
1949:
1943:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1858:
1856:
1849:
1843:
1842:
1839:
1838:
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1784:
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1764:
1759:
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1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1723:
1721:
1714:
1708:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1698:Wilson's Creek
1694:
1692:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1675:
1669:
1667:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1644:
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1636:
1629:
1621:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1602:
1601:
1590:
1579:
1570:
1563:
1562:External links
1560:
1558:
1557:
1544:Taylor, Paul.
1542:
1527:
1512:
1497:
1480:
1477:978-0807825655
1465:
1462:978-1882810024
1449:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1442:
1428:
1413:
1385:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1362:
1344:
1334:NPS Averasboro
1326:
1308:
1290:
1287:. 3 June 2013.
1276:
1262:
1249:
1236:
1219:
1206:
1193:
1176:
1163:
1145:
1143:, pp. 35.
1133:
1121:
1119:, pp. 31.
1109:
1100:
1088:
1076:
1064:
1052:
1040:
1028:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1006:
980:
979:
977:
974:
954:Durham Station
913:
910:
889:
886:
874:
871:
852:
849:
829:Wilmington, NC
818:
815:
778:
775:
766:Joseph Wheeler
747:
744:
705:
702:
681:
678:
658:Stephen D. Lee
642:John Bell Hood
616:
613:
551:
548:
546:
543:
503:South Carolina
457:John Bell Hood
448:
445:
415:, through the
368:
367:
365:
364:
359:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
331:Congaree Creek
328:
323:
318:
316:Rivers' Bridge
312:
309:
308:
295:
294:
287:
280:
272:
264:
263:
258:
257:
256:
251:
246:
238:
237:
236:Units involved
233:
232:
214:
201:
200:
196:
195:
182:
163:
162:
158:
157:
154:
153:
147:reconstruction
139:
133:
132:
131:
130:
124:
106:
102:
101:
96:
94:
90:
89:
86:
78:
77:
67:South Carolina
52:
51:
44:
43:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4941:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
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4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
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4816:
4802:
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4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4755:Photographers
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4730:Gender issues
4728:
4726:
4723:
4719:
4716:
4715:
4714:
4711:
4707:
4704:
4703:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4677:
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4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
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4629:
4626:
4625:
4623:
4619:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4592:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4572:
4570:
4568:
4564:
4558:
4557:War Democrats
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4547:Union Leagues
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4479:
4477:
4473:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4446:Turning point
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4416:Naval battles
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4368:
4366:
4362:
4358:
4350:
4349:
4345:
4341:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4301:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4275:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4260:
4258:
4254:
4244:
4241:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4223:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4212:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4195:
4194:
4191:
4190:
4188:
4184:
4181:
4179:and memorials
4175:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4103:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
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4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4040:
4039:Commemoration
4037:
4036:
4034:
4028:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3988:
3985:
3984:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3966:
3963:
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3958:
3956:
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3951:
3948:
3947:
3946:
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3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
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3921:
3919:
3916:
3915:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3881:first inquiry
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3862:
3859:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
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3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3822:
3819:
3818:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3801:Carpetbaggers
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3788:
3786:
3784:
3780:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
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3741:
3734:
3730:
3712:
3709:
3707:
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3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
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3659:
3658:
3656:
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3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
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3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
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3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
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3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
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3558:
3556:
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3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
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3518:
3514:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
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3479:
3476:
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3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
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3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
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3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3318:
3315:
3311:
3307:
3303:
3298:
3294:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3242:
3240:
3236:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3224:West Virginia
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3144:New Hampshire
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3104:Massachusetts
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2983:
2980:
2976:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2844:Hampton Roads
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2834:Fort Donelson
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2812:
2807:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2730:Morgan's Raid
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2675:Anaconda Plan
2673:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2663:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2651:Pacific Coast
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2622:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2594:
2590:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2538:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2414:
2408:
2407:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2385:Positive good
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2332:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2300:Panic of 1857
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2260:Border states
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2233:
2229:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2207:
2202:
2200:
2195:
2193:
2188:
2187:
2184:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2149:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2113:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2082:Major battles
2080:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2055:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2012:Major battles
2010:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1908:Champion Hill
1906:
1905:
1903:
1901:Major battles
1899:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1877:Morgan's Raid
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1823:Prairie Grove
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1793:Island No. 10
1791:
1789:
1788:Fort Donelson
1786:
1785:
1783:
1781:Major battles
1779:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1762:Prairie Grove
1760:
1758:
1755:
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4696:Bibliography
4679:Other topics
4621:By ethnicity
4589:
4542:Trent Affair
4441:Signal Corps
4298:
4021:White League
3908:Ku Klux Klan
3821:Confederados
3748:Constitution
3620:D. D. Porter
3473:Breckinridge
3184:Rhode Island
3179:Pennsylvania
2934:Spotsylvania
2894:Stones River
2874:2nd Bull Run
2824:1st Bull Run
2710:Stones River
2611:Marine Corps
2578:Marine Corps
2417:Abolitionism
2404:
2357:
1997:Price's Raid
1833:Stones River
1767:Stones River
1752:Iuka-Corinth
1545:
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1418:
1375:
1367:Bibliography
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1245:www.hmdb.org
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1096:Barrett 1956
1091:
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1072:Barrett 1956
1067:
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1055:
1048:Barrett 1956
1043:
1036:Barrett 1956
1031:
1024:Barrett 1956
1019:
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915:
901:Joseph Mower
897:
882:
860:
833:Jacob D. Cox
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811:small battle
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666:Wade Hampton
624:
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439:army at the
391:against the
380:
376:
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321:James Island
161:Belligerents
108:
72:
47:Part of the
4502:Copperheads
4214:Confederate
4106:Black Codes
3432:E. K. Smith
3313:Confederate
3260:New Orleans
3255:Chattanooga
3119:Mississippi
3019:Connecticut
2987:territories
2978:Involvement
2939:Cold Harbor
2929:Fort Pillow
2919:Chattanooga
2914:Chickamauga
2864:Seven Pines
2854:New Orleans
2819:Fort Sumter
2760:Valley 1864
2593:Confederacy
2390:Slave Power
2370:Fire-Eaters
2162:Mississippi
2132:Mississippi
2089:Bentonville
1923:Chickamauga
1892:Chattanooga
1882:Chickamauga
1872:Little Rock
1808:New Orleans
845:Neuse River
803:Fort Fisher
771:Montmorenci
740:Branchville
680:Engagements
652:, Lt. Gen.
636:during the
615:Confederate
362:Morrisville
357:Bentonville
341:Wise's Fork
143:Confederacy
136:Territorial
4858:Categories
4735:Juneteenth
4256:Cemeteries
4133:Red Shirts
4044:Centennial
3994:Red Shirts
3402:Longstreet
3332:Beauregard
3275:Winchester
3250:Charleston
3219:Washington
3154:New Mexico
3149:New Jersey
3009:California
2985:States and
2969:Five Forks
2954:Mobile Bay
2924:Wilderness
2904:Gettysburg
2884:Perryville
2869:Seven Days
2800:Appomattox
2725:Gettysburg
2685:New Mexico
2552:Combatants
2527:Combatants
2440:John Brown
2122:Cumberland
2029:Mobile Bay
1818:Perryville
1727:New Mexico
1677:Missouri:
1012:References
923:Greensboro
809:, after a
447:Background
431:, and its
389:Union Army
4713:Espionage
4507:Diplomacy
4475:Political
4431:POW camps
4177:Monuments
4004:Scalawags
3999:Redeemers
3737:Aftermath
3686:Pinkerton
3625:Rosecrans
3590:McClellan
3493:Memminger
3229:Wisconsin
3194:Tennessee
3114:Minnesota
3089:Louisiana
2964:Nashville
2909:Vicksburg
2839:Pea Ridge
2790:Carolinas
2745:Red River
2740:Knoxville
2720:Tullahoma
2715:Vicksburg
2695:Peninsula
2667:campaigns
2533:Campaigns
2310:Secession
2167:Tennessee
2142:Tennessee
2073:Carolinas
2066:Campaigns
2044:Nashville
1967:Red River
1955:Campaigns
1887:Knoxville
1867:Tullahoma
1862:Vicksburg
1855:Campaigns
1798:Pea Ridge
1747:Pea Ridge
1720:Campaigns
1665:Campaigns
1575:from the
1403:cite book
1395:864900203
1002:Tennessee
994:offensive
946:armistice
939:President
912:Aftermath
720:Sherman's
417:Carolinas
112:victory:
98:Carolinas
4827:Category
4668:Seminole
4658:Cherokee
4411:Medicine
4364:Military
4277:Veterans
4111:Jim Crow
3876:timeline
3671:Ericsson
3654:Civilian
3635:Sheridan
3595:McDowell
3555:Farragut
3540:Burnside
3530:Anderson
3523:Military
3503:Stephens
3463:Benjamin
3456:Civilian
3342:Buchanan
3320:Military
3265:Richmond
3214:Virginia
3159:New York
3134:Nebraska
3124:Missouri
3109:Michigan
3099:Maryland
3084:Kentucky
3059:Illinois
3034:Delaware
3014:Colorado
2999:Arkansas
2959:Franklin
2879:Antietam
2750:Overland
2705:Maryland
2624:Theaters
2530:Theaters
2039:Franklin
2034:Westport
2002:Savannah
1962:Meridian
1757:Kentucky
1355:Archived
1337:Archived
1319:Archived
1301:Archived
1156:Archived
837:New Bern
662:division
605:pioneers
485:and the
476:Lt. Gen.
421:Virginia
409:Savannah
385:campaign
336:Columbia
93:Location
63:Columbia
4794:Related
4663:Choctaw
4653:Catawba
4436:Rations
4381:Cavalry
4243:Removal
3871:efforts
3855:of 1873
3701:Stevens
3696:Stanton
3681:Lincoln
3640:Sherman
3575:Halleck
3565:Frémont
3550:Du Pont
3488:Mallory
3447:Wheeler
3382:Jackson
3362:Forrest
3302:Leaders
3245:Atlanta
3209:Vermont
3129:Montana
3069:Indiana
3044:Georgia
3039:Florida
3004:Arizona
2994:Alabama
2944:Atlanta
2859:Corinth
2811:battles
2755:Atlanta
2735:Bristoe
2636:Western
2631:Eastern
2536:Battles
2335:Slavery
2239:Origins
2225:Origins
2127:Georgia
2024:Atlanta
1982:Atlanta
1690:battles
1599:YouTube
1588:YouTube
1438:2331311
958:Florida
906:Raleigh
499:Georgia
459:in the
413:Georgia
399:of the
395:in the
149:of the
138:changes
119:of the
4837:Portal
4775:Tokens
3711:Welles
3691:Seward
3676:Hamlin
3645:Thomas
3580:Hooker
3545:Butler
3498:Seddon
3483:Hunter
3468:Bocock
3442:Taylor
3437:Stuart
3427:Semmes
3407:Morgan
3367:Gorgas
3347:Cooper
3238:Cities
3174:Oregon
3139:Nevada
3079:Kansas
3049:Hawaii
2949:Crater
2849:Shiloh
2809:Major
2795:Mobile
2665:Major
2539:States
2490:Caning
2102:Armies
1987:Tupelo
1803:Shiloh
1688:Major
1552:
1537:
1522:
1507:
1492:
1475:
1460:
1436:
1426:
1393:
1383:
793:slaves
644:led a
529:, and
507:secede
226:
190:
172:
105:Result
4580:Dixie
4567:Music
4186:Union
4030:Post-
3866:trial
3666:Chase
3661:Adams
3630:Scott
3605:Meigs
3600:Meade
3570:Grant
3560:Foote
3535:Buell
3516:Union
3478:Davis
3422:Price
3412:Mosby
3357:Ewell
3352:Early
3337:Bragg
3199:Texas
3094:Maine
3054:Idaho
2560:Union
976:Notes
762:Aiken
550:Union
326:Aiken
179:Union
110:Union
4765:Salt
4371:Arms
4221:List
4193:List
3706:Wade
3615:Pope
3585:Hunt
3417:Polk
3377:Hood
3372:Hill
3204:Utah
3169:Ohio
3074:Iowa
2606:Navy
2601:Army
2573:Navy
2568:Army
2137:Ohio
2058:1865
1947:1864
1847:1863
1712:1862
1679:1861
1656:1861
1550:ISBN
1535:ISBN
1520:ISBN
1505:ISBN
1490:ISBN
1473:ISBN
1458:ISBN
1434:OCLC
1424:ISBN
1409:link
1391:OCLC
1381:ISBN
867:Hoke
572:and
375:The
145:and
85:Date
69:, on
3610:Ord
3397:Lee
1597:on
1586:on
964:at
921:in
570:XIV
4860::
1432:.
1405:}}
1401:{{
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1232:46
908:.
813:.
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177:(
34:.
20:)
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