38:
749:). The section explains that "Ran is the name of Ægir's wife, and the names of their nine daughters are as was written above ... Then the Æsir discovered that Ran had a net in which she caught everyone that went to sea ... so this is the story of the origin of gold being called fire or light or brightness of Ægir, Ran or Ægir's daughters, and from such kennings the practice has now developed of calling gold fire of the sea and of all terms for it, since Ægir and Ran's names are also terms for the sea, and hence gold is now called fire of lakes or rivers and of all river-names."
334:
671:
531:" and "found that at Ægir's was an ample choice of cauldrons". Odin goes to Ægir, who he finds sitting in good cheer, and tells him he shall "often prepare a feast for the Æsir". Referring to Ægir as a jötunn, the poem describes how, now annoyed, Ægir hatches a plan: He asks Thor to fetch a particular cauldron, and that with it he could brew ale for them all. The gods are unable to find a cauldron of a size big enough to meet Ægir's request until the god
965:
542:, "Ægir, who is also called Gymir", was hosting a feast "with the great cauldron which has just been told about", which many of the gods and elves attended. The prose introduction describes the feast as featuring gold that shimmers like fire light and ale that serves itself, and that "it was a great place of peace". In attendance also were Ægir's servers,
553:
In the poem that follows the prose introduction (and in accompanying prose), Loki returns to the hall and greets Eldir: He says that before Eldir steps forward, he should first tell him what the gods are discussing in the hall. Eldir says that they're discussing weaponry and war, and having nothing
554:
good to say about Loki. Loki says that he will enter Ægir's halls and have a look at the feast, and with him bring quarrel and strife. Eldir notifies Loki that if he enters and causes trouble, he can expect them to return it to him. Loki enters the hall and the gods see him and become silent.
617:
There was a figure called Ægir or Hlér; he lived on an island, which is now called Hléysey. He was very crafty in magic. He set off to visit Ásgard, and when the Æsir realized he was coming, he was given a splen did welcome, although many things were not as they seemed;
948:(gods), Ægir's description as a jötunn appears questionable. Andy Orchard argues on the contrary that Ægir's inclusion among the Æsir is probably a late development since his daughters are described as jötnar and some sources mention him as the descendant of the jötunn
600:
There was a person whose name was Ægir or Hler. He lived on an island which is now called Hlesey. He was very skilled in magic. He set out to visit Asgard, and when the Æsir became aware of his movements, he was given a great welcome, though many things had deceptive
744:
discusses why skalds may refer to gold as "Ægir's fire". The section traces the kenning to a narrative surrounding Ægir, in which the jötunn employs "glowing gold" in the center of his hall to light it "like fire" (which the narrator compares to flaming swords in
384:. In the poem, Egill laments the death of his son Böðvar, who drowned at sea during a storm. In one difficult stanza, the skald expresses the pain of losing his son by invoking the image of slaying the personified sea, personified as Ægir (Old Norse
632:
A man was named Ægir or Hlér; he lived on that island which is now called Hlér's Island. He had much magic knowledge. He made his way to Ásgard, but the æsir knew of his journey in advance. He was well received, but many things were done with
929:
Scholars have often discussed Ægir's role as host to the gods and his description as a jötunn. Anthony
Faulkes observes that Ægir is "often described by modern writers as god of the sea" yet that he is nowhere described as a god in the
999:Ægir is referenced in a variety of others ways in modern popular culture. For example, Shoto Todoroki from the Japanese anime "Boku no hero academia" has a move titled "Great Glacial Aegir". He is also the namesake of a Norwegian
752:
In chapter 61 provides yet more kennings. Among them the author notes that "Ran, who, it is said, was Ægir's wife" and that "the daughters of Ægir and Ran are nine". In chapter 75, Ægir occurs in a list of jötnar.
2728:
3668:
2718:
651:. Section 25 provides examples for 'sea', including 'visitor of the gods', 'husband of Rán', 'father of Ægir's daughters', 'land of Rán and Ægir's daughters'. Kennings cited to
846:
argues that, if understood to be two different entities, this may stem from an erroneous interpretation of kennings in which different jötunn-names are used interchangeably.
527:, Ægir plays a major role. In the poem, the gods have become thirsty after a successful hunt, and are keen to celebrate with drink. They "shook the twigs and looked at the
794:"may reflect Scandinavian royal practices in which the king enforces his authority on his subordinates by visiting their homes and demanding to be feasted". According to
550:. The gods praise the excellence of their service and, hearing this, Loki murders Fimafeng, enraging the gods, who chase him out to the woods before returning to drink.
656:
3713:
2723:
1083:
761:
In what appears to be a
Norwegian genealogical tradition, Ægir is portrayed as one of the three elements among the sea, the fire and the wind. The beginning of the
655:
in this section include 'the storm-happy daughters of Ægir' meaning 'waves' (Svein) and a kenning in a fragment of a work by the 11th century
Icelandic skald
2698:
2693:
1870:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2688:
2683:
2678:
1621:
130:. Scholars have long analyzed Ægir's role in the Old Norse corpus, and the concept of the figure has had some influence in modern popular culture.
1848:
37:
3936:
2673:
83:. In the Old Norse record, Ægir hosts the gods in his halls and is associated with brewing ale. Ægir is attested as married to a goddess,
2668:
1644:
3733:
2162:
2092:
802:, where he attends a banquet rather than hosting it, could be a deliberate inversion of the traditional motif of Ægir as host.
3131:
2568:
1803:
1779:
1755:
1731:
1709:
1688:
1638:
1554:
1109:
1416:, p. 95. The chapter continues with discussion regarding the development of these kennings and the concept of allegory.
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1080:
3005:
1841:
342:
88:
3905:
3645:
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2826:
2821:
2550:
1664:
1601:
872:'Hlér's Island'). Simek speculates that Hlér may therefore have been seen as something of an ancestor of the island.
777:
had three sons: Hlér ('sea'), whom he called Ægir, a second named Logi ('fire'), and a third called Kári ('wind').
1834:
938:. According to John Lindow, since his wife Rán is listed among the Ásynjur (goddesses) in the same part of the
3075:
298:(The Language of Poetry) treat Ægir and the sea-jötunn Hlér, who lives on the Hlésey ('Hlér island', modern
208:
559:
495:
3956:
3688:
2152:
730:
Gymir's spray-cold spæ-wife often brings the twisted-rope-bear into Ægir's jaws where the wave breaks.
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3845:
2242:
2953:
2360:
819:
660:
104:
3010:
2853:
2122:
1581:
737:
The section's author comments that the stanza " that they are all the same, Ægir and Hler and Gymir.
192:
3085:
769:
288:
2878:
1879:
155:
2963:
587:
many questions, and Bragi responds with narratives about the gods. The section begins as follows:
3790:
3408:
2990:
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2898:
2873:
2072:
1607:
196:
147:
87:, who also personifies the sea, and together the two produced daughters who personify waves, the
381:
279:. For instance, a ship is described as "Ægir's horse" and the waves as the "daughters of Ægir".
2660:
535:
recommends one he knows of far away, setting the stage for the events of the rest of the poem.
31:
2578:
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3640:
3613:
3545:
1625:
17:
3535:
3102:
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8:
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3207:
3015:
2608:
2102:
1984:
1719:
907:
856:
830:
579:
294:
238:
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3703:
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1857:
1589:
200:
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2505:
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333:
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1909:
1799:
1775:
1751:
1727:
1705:
1684:
1660:
1634:
1597:
1550:
1105:
1008:
981:
503:, the disguised god Odin references Ægir's status as a renowned host among the gods:
350:
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1954:
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76:
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763:
477:
245:
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80:
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45:
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2024:
103:, or these may be two separate figures who share the same name (see below and
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2500:
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885:
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3353:
3323:
3156:
3095:
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2973:
2883:
2831:
2365:
2167:
1007:), a coastal defense ship in the Imperial German Navy, and of an exoplanet,
814:
may indicate that Ægir was understood as the father of the beautiful jötunn
483:
3540:
2868:
2355:
2300:
1939:
1789:
1765:
989:
953:
843:
818:; they may also have been two different figures sharing the same name (see
795:
609:
3443:
3403:
3283:
3268:
2908:
2789:
2623:
2613:
2385:
3708:
3678:
3588:
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3358:
3338:
3318:
3293:
3222:
3212:
2310:
2237:
2019:
1959:
1741:
1674:
1032:
1026:
625:
354:
174:
3769:
3555:
3398:
2754:
2440:
2315:
2305:
2270:
313:
is unclear. Proposed translations include 'the earthly' (from Old Norse
264:, if cognates, may also be loanwords from a non-Indo-European language.
95:, personified snow. Ægir may also be the father of the beautiful jötunn
3875:
3595:
3491:
3363:
3308:
3263:
3243:
3117:
2759:
2350:
956:, while attested as a jötunn, Ægir "has characteristics" of a sea god.
940:
373:
3483:
3258:
3060:
2400:
2325:
2320:
2275:
949:
774:
27:
One of various personifications of the sea or ocean in Norse mythology
3830:
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3368:
3217:
3202:
2980:
2943:
2806:
2495:
2425:
2375:
2370:
2290:
1944:
861:
824:
681:
507:'Fleeting visions I have now revealed before the victory-gods's sons,
489:
453:
The skald later references Ægir by way of the kenning 'Hlér's fire' (
306:
299:
139:
115:
60:
3669:
Anthropomorphic wooden cult figurines of
Central and Northern Europe
3508:
3197:
3090:
2598:
2588:
2558:
2535:
2107:
1888:
1820:
972:Ægir has been the subject of a variety of art pieces. These include
72:
3835:
3815:
3463:
3278:
3107:
2968:
2938:
2838:
2573:
2485:
2410:
2340:
2222:
1994:
1934:
1924:
1000:
968:
J. P. Molin's fountain relief featuring Ægir and his nine daughters
746:
543:
231:
3880:
3865:
3800:
3693:
3348:
3313:
3192:
3065:
2918:
2510:
2490:
2405:
2142:
2137:
2082:
2067:
1979:
1949:
839:
815:
664:
96:
3825:
3413:
3333:
3303:
3248:
3166:
2779:
2593:
2563:
2265:
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1929:
865:
648:
283:
276:
212:
127:
3673:
3043:
2923:
2913:
2774:
2077:
2034:
2014:
1969:
1901:
1384:, p. 91. This stanza appears quoted a second time later in
945:
876:
92:
3273:
3238:
2948:
2858:
2848:
2801:
2643:
2583:
2295:
2232:
2195:
2147:
2062:
1102:
Etymological
Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages
528:
2784:
2628:
2430:
2177:
2172:
2112:
2004:
1747:
Norse
Mythology: A Guide to Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs
944:, and since he had a close and friendly relationship with the
532:
338:
84:
3870:
3860:
3820:
3810:
3805:
3253:
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2764:
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2420:
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2380:
2330:
2280:
2227:
2210:
2200:
2187:
2132:
2117:
2057:
2052:
1974:
1919:
1914:
1823:
Illustrations of Ægir from manuscripts and early print books.
1261:
913:
652:
584:
563:, a great wave is referred to as "Ægir's terrible daughter".
547:
378:
272:
216:
123:
100:
3728:
2435:
1561:
Planet name: AEgir | Original designation: Epsilon
Eridani b
3795:
3774:
3608:
3581:
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3033:
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2618:
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2455:
2097:
2087:
2009:
1999:
1989:
1964:
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458:
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2127:
2047:
1309:
1249:
1179:
1177:
964:
780:
346:
1443:
1297:
1285:
1216:
2719:
people, clan, and place names in
Germanic heroic legend
1467:
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1336:
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1194:
1192:
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1431:
1419:
1174:
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1133:
1123:
1121:
1063:
1061:
1046:
583:, where he sits at a banquet and asks the skaldic god
1520:
1518:
1455:
1395:
1363:
1321:
1204:
773:('How Norway Was Settled') tell that the jötunn king
1856:
1537:
Carroll, Michael (2017), "Zeroing in on Earth 2.0",
1491:
1348:
1333:
1189:
361:Ægir is attested in a variety of Old Norse sources.
1375:
1162:
1145:
1118:
1058:
674:
An anonymous illustration of Ægir published in 1901
1515:
1503:
1073:
325:). (For more on this topic, see discussion below)
248:notes that the connection between Proto-Germanic *
48:, 1850, depicting Ægir and his nine wave daughters
3923:
879:(Old Norse 'snow'), as Hlér's son. Book nine of
1407:
71:(Old Norse less clearly 'sea, engulfer'), is a
1228:
849:
1842:
1726:(revised ed.). Oxford World's Classics.
790:Carolyne Larrington says that Ægir's role in
1616:(in German). Vol. 1. Walter De Gruyter.
1234:Einarsson (2004:149). Formatted for display.
889:contains mention of a figure by the name of
321:), or 'the protector', the 'engulfer' (from
226:), and ultimately descend from the PIE root
199:root. Linguist Guus Kroonen argues that the
167:
30:"Aegir" redirects here. For other uses, see
3571:
1871:Mythological Norse people, items and places
475:, Ægir receives mention in the eddic poems
1849:
1835:
1821:MyNDIR (My Norse Digital Image Repository)
1718:
1449:
1315:
1303:
1291:
1279:
1267:
1255:
647:, Ægir receives several other mentions in
510:now the wished-for protection will awaken;
2669:List of figures in Germanic heroic legend
1701:Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic
1620:
1243:
1222:
513:to the all the Æsir it will become known,
371:Ægir and Rán receive mention in the poem
195:saw his name as deriving from an ancient
1680:Le feu dans la tradition indo-européenne
1633:. Viking Society for Northern Research.
1606:
1183:
1139:
963:
905:'Snow'). The Danish chronicle of Lejre,
669:
332:
36:
1764:
1697:
1654:
1536:
1497:
1485:
1437:
1425:
1413:
1401:
1389:
1381:
1369:
1342:
1327:
1210:
1099:
1067:
875:Two sources list the personified snow,
573:Ægir receives numerous mentions in the
538:According to the prose introduction to
14:
3924:
1740:
1673:
1461:
1357:
1168:
1127:
1052:
781:Scholarly reception and interpretation
154:('that of the river/water'), itself a
1830:
1788:
1524:
1509:
1473:
1198:
1156:
1029:, Norse deity associated with the sea
767:('Saga of the Orkney Islanders') and
377:attributed to 10th century Icelandic
911:also connects the two, and the name
271:is identical to a noun for 'sea' in
3937:Personifications in Norse mythology
2729:named weapons, armour and treasures
1771:Dictionary of Norse Myth and Legend
959:
934:and appears in a list of jötnar in
883:'s 12th century history of Denmark
596:Anthony Faulkes translation (1987):
24:
3906:Heathenry (new religious movement)
1655:Faulkes, Anthony, trans. (1995) .
1613:Altgermanische Religionsgeschichte
822:). Both the prose introduction to
122:'Hlér's island') and perhaps also
25:
3968:
1814:
834:state that Ægir is also known as
2569:Austri, Vestri, Norðri and Suðri
1795:Dictionary of Northern Mythology
1650:from the original on 2022-10-09.
431:if I took revenge with the sword
114:, is the namesake of the island
1586:An Icelandic-English Dictionary
1530:
1035:, tidal bore on the River Trent
659:, where Rán is referred to as '
328:
3006:Nine Daughters of Ægir and Rán
1093:
756:
493:, and in the prose section of
464:
89:Nine Daughters of Ægir and Rán
13:
1:
1588:. 2nd ed. with supplement by
1570:
984:'s (d. 1874) fountain relief
566:
364:
292:(How Norway Was Settled) and
275:, itself a base word in many
256:remains uncertain, and that *
1023:, figure from Irish folklore
7:
3076:Tanngrisnir and Tanngnjóstr
1750:. Oxford University Press.
1547:10.1007/978-3-319-43964-8_5
1014:
868:references Hlér (Old Norse
850:Hlér, Læsø, Lejre, and Snow
838:, the father of the jötunn
785:
722:Anthony Faulkes translation
443:I would fight Ægir and Rán.
211:(PIE) origin, as it may be
10:
3973:
3743:Festivals and holy periods
921:, derive from the jötunn.
317:), 'the wintry one' (from
244:'water, river'). Linguist
29:
3893:
3783:
3742:
3661:
3654:
3564:
3526:
3231:
3180:
3139:
3130:
3011:Nine Mothers of Heimdallr
2737:
2724:named animals and plants
2659:
2549:
2251:
2186:
2033:
1900:
1877:
1868:
1100:de Vaan, Michiel (2018).
1079:Cleasby, Vigfússon (1957:
924:
860:, the name of the island
560:Helgakviða Hundingsbana I
496:Helgakviða Hundingsbana I
3952:Deities of wine and beer
2832:Black elves (Svartálfar)
1541:, Springer, p. 79,
1039:
978:Näcken och Ägirs döttrar
854:As highlighted above in
805:
695:Fœrir bjǫrn, þar er bára
173:'body of water, river',
146:('sea') may stem from a
133:
42:Näcken och Ägirs döttrar
3714:Sacred trees and groves
2954:Hamskerpir and Garðrofa
2827:Light elves (Ljósálfar)
643:Beyond this section of
349:. 19th-century Swedish
302:), as the same figure.
168:
105:Gymir (father of Gerðr)
3572:
2822:Dark elves (Dökkálfar)
2471:Narfi (father of Nott)
1698:Kroonen, Guus (2013).
1539:Earths of Distant Suns
969:
820:Gymir, father of Gerðr
770:Hversu Noregr byggdisk
735:
718:
675:
657:Hofgarða-Refr Gestsson
388:'ale-smith') and Rán (
358:
345:prepare a huge vat of
289:Hversu Noregr byggðist
67:(Old Norse 'sea'), or
49:
32:Aegir (disambiguation)
2964:Skinfaxi and Hrímfaxi
2243:Sister-wife of Njörðr
967:
719:
700:brestr, undinna festa
677:
673:
440:if I could kill them,
336:
110:One of Ægir's names,
91:, and Ægir's son is
40:
3734:Wetlands and islands
2854:Fjörgyn and Fjörgynn
1720:Larrington, Carolyne
1683:(in French). Arché.
1582:Guðbrandur Vigfússon
382:Egill Skallagrímsson
193:Guðbrandur Vigfússon
3016:Narfi (son of Loki)
2163:Þorgerðr Hölgabrúðr
1270:, pp. 55, 290.
908:Chronicon Lethrense
628:translation (2002):
612:translation (1997):
437:Ægir would be dead;
305:The meaning of the
222:(via a common form
209:Proto-Indo-European
3957:Sea and river gods
3662:Religious practice
3636:Old Norse language
3103:Váli (son of Loki)
2991:Líf and Lífthrasir
2899:Árvakr and Alsviðr
2894:Horses of the Æsir
2874:Hati Hróðvitnisson
2015:Váli (son of Odin)
1858:Old Norse religion
1590:William A. Craigie
1476:, pp. 126–27.
1086:2017-01-18 at the
1003:produced in 1967 (
970:
676:
516:on Ægir's benches,
359:
99:, wife of the god
50:
3919:
3918:
3911:Nordic Bronze Age
3901:Germanic paganism
3889:
3888:
3760:Germanic calendar
3724:Temple at Uppsala
3522:
3521:
3126:
3125:
3086:Þjálfi and Röskva
3030:Personifications
1893:and other figures
1805:978-0-85991-513-7
1781:978-0-304-34520-5
1757:978-0-19-983969-8
1733:978-0-19-967534-0
1711:978-90-04-18340-7
1690:978-88-7252-343-8
1640:978-0-903521-54-3
1622:Einarsson, Bjarni
1556:978-3-319-43963-1
1282:, pp. 74–75.
1111:978-90-04-16797-1
1055:, pp. 29–30.
1009:Epsilon Eridani b
982:Johan Peter Molin
798:, Ægir's role in
727:And as Ref said:
723:
711:ursǫl Gymis vǫlva
705:opt í Ægis kjǫpta
684:
641:
640:
629:
613:
597:
519:at Ægir's feast.'
451:
450:
434:for that offence,
351:book illustration
16:(Redirected from
3964:
3659:
3658:
3577:
3344:Grove of fetters
3137:
3136:
2844:Fjalar (rooster)
2604:Fjalar and Galar
1898:
1897:
1851:
1844:
1837:
1828:
1827:
1809:
1785:
1761:
1737:
1715:
1694:
1670:
1651:
1649:
1632:
1617:
1578:Cleasby, Richard
1564:
1563:
1534:
1528:
1522:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1489:
1483:
1477:
1471:
1465:
1459:
1453:
1447:
1441:
1435:
1429:
1423:
1417:
1411:
1405:
1399:
1393:
1388:, for which see
1379:
1373:
1367:
1361:
1355:
1346:
1340:
1331:
1325:
1319:
1313:
1307:
1301:
1295:
1289:
1283:
1277:
1271:
1265:
1259:
1253:
1247:
1241:
1235:
1232:
1226:
1220:
1214:
1208:
1202:
1196:
1187:
1181:
1172:
1166:
1160:
1154:
1143:
1137:
1131:
1125:
1116:
1115:
1097:
1091:
1077:
1071:
1065:
1056:
1050:
960:Modern influence
901:(from Old Norse
893:(from Old Norse
881:Saxo Grammaticus
721:
689:Ok sem kvað Refr
679:
624:
608:
595:
590:
589:
412:hroða vágs brœðr
403:sverði of rækak,
400:Veiztu um ϸá sǫk
395:
394:
392:'Ægir's wife'):
252:- and Old Norse
230:- ('water'; cf.
171:
21:
3972:
3971:
3967:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3962:
3961:
3922:
3921:
3920:
3915:
3885:
3841:Norse cosmology
3779:
3738:
3650:
3646:Later influence
3560:
3518:
3232:Other locations
3227:
3176:
3122:
3049:Sumarr and Vetr
2733:
2655:
2545:
2346:Gjálp and Greip
2247:
2182:
2029:
1894:
1892:
1883:
1873:
1864:
1855:
1817:
1812:
1806:
1798:. D.S. Brewer.
1782:
1758:
1734:
1724:The Poetic Edda
1712:
1691:
1667:
1647:
1641:
1630:
1594:Clarendon Press
1573:
1568:
1567:
1557:
1535:
1531:
1523:
1516:
1508:
1504:
1496:
1492:
1484:
1480:
1472:
1468:
1460:
1456:
1450:Larrington 2014
1448:
1444:
1436:
1432:
1424:
1420:
1412:
1408:
1400:
1396:
1380:
1376:
1368:
1364:
1356:
1349:
1341:
1334:
1326:
1322:
1316:Larrington 2014
1314:
1310:
1304:Larrington 2014
1302:
1298:
1292:Larrington 2014
1290:
1286:
1280:Larrington 2014
1278:
1274:
1268:Larrington 2014
1266:
1262:
1256:Larrington 2014
1254:
1250:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1221:
1217:
1209:
1205:
1197:
1190:
1182:
1175:
1167:
1163:
1155:
1146:
1138:
1134:
1126:
1119:
1112:
1098:
1094:
1088:Wayback Machine
1078:
1074:
1066:
1059:
1051:
1047:
1042:
1021:Ler (mythology)
1017:
962:
952:. According to
927:
897:) whose son is
852:
808:
788:
783:
764:Orkneyinga saga
759:
740:Chapter 33b of
571:
469:
418:fœra ek andvígr
415:ef vega mættak;
369:
331:
246:Michiel de Vaan
207:is probably of
189:Richard Cleasby
182:Old High German
136:
81:Norse mythology
77:personification
55:(anglicised as
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3970:
3960:
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3908:
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3897:
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3808:
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3578:
3568:
3566:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3536:Æsir–Vanir War
3532:
3530:
3524:
3523:
3520:
3519:
3517:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3505:
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3499:
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3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
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3386:
3381:
3376:
3374:Hoddmímis holt
3371:
3366:
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3356:
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3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
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3296:
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3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3235:
3233:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3208:Körmt and Örmt
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3184:
3182:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3143:
3141:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
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3088:
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3078:
3073:
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3063:
3058:
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3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
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2891:
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2841:
2836:
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2653:
2652:
2651:
2646:
2639:Sons of Ivaldi
2636:
2631:
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2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
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2555:
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2547:
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2543:
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2528:
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2257:
2255:
2249:
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2240:
2235:
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2220:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2208:
2198:
2192:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2039:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1985:Móði and Magni
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1906:
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1874:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1854:
1853:
1846:
1839:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1816:
1815:External links
1813:
1811:
1810:
1804:
1786:
1780:
1762:
1756:
1738:
1732:
1716:
1710:
1695:
1689:
1671:
1665:
1652:
1639:
1618:
1604:
1596:. Repr. 1975.
1574:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1555:
1529:
1514:
1502:
1490:
1488:, p. 299.
1478:
1466:
1464:, p. 156.
1454:
1442:
1440:, p. 156.
1430:
1428:, p. 141.
1418:
1406:
1394:
1392:, p. 140.
1386:Skáldskaparmál
1374:
1362:
1347:
1332:
1320:
1318:, p. 114.
1308:
1296:
1284:
1272:
1260:
1258:, p. 324.
1248:
1244:Einarsson 2003
1236:
1227:
1225:, p. 149.
1223:Einarsson 2003
1215:
1203:
1201:, p. 127.
1188:
1186:, p. 197.
1173:
1161:
1159:, p. 151.
1144:
1142:, p. 251.
1132:
1117:
1110:
1092:
1072:
1057:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1030:
1024:
1016:
1013:
961:
958:
936:Skáldskaparmál
926:
923:
857:Skáldskaparmál
851:
848:
831:Skáldskaparmál
807:
804:
800:Skáldskaparmál
787:
784:
782:
779:
758:
755:
742:Skáldskaparmál
734:
733:
732:
731:
717:
716:
715:
714:
707:
702:
697:
645:Skáldskaparmál
639:
638:
636:
635:
634:
630:
620:
615:
614:
604:
603:
602:
598:
580:Skáldskaparmál
570:
565:
521:
520:
517:
514:
511:
508:
468:
463:
449:
448:
446:
445:
444:
441:
438:
435:
432:
429:
424:
423:
422:
419:
416:
413:
410:
407:
404:
401:
368:
363:
343:Nine Daughters
330:
327:
295:Skáldskaparmál
273:skaldic poetry
162:('river'; cf.
148:Proto-Germanic
135:
132:
79:of the sea in
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3969:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
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3935:
3933:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3898:
3896:
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3872:
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3867:
3864:
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3809:
3807:
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3802:
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3776:
3773:
3771:
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3763:
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3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3704:Öndvegissúlur
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3684:Heitstrenging
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3664:
3660:
3657:
3653:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3631:Völsung Cycle
3629:
3627:
3626:Tyrfing Cycle
3624:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3611:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3598:
3597:
3593:
3591:
3590:
3586:
3585:
3584:
3583:
3579:
3576:
3575:
3574:Gesta Danorum
3570:
3569:
3567:
3563:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3546:Fróði's Peace
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3529:
3525:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
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3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
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3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
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3387:
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3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
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3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
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3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3230:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
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3135:
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3129:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3097:
3094:
3093:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3071:Shield-maiden
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
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2982:
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2975:
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2857:
2855:
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2800:
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2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
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2758:
2756:
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2751:
2748:
2746:
2745:Ask and Embla
2743:
2742:
2740:
2736:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
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2700:
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2529:
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2524:
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2499:
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2329:
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2319:
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2309:
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2304:
2302:
2299:
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2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
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2264:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2250:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2206:Ingunar-Freyr
2204:
2203:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2189:
2185:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2032:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1890:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1872:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1852:
1847:
1845:
1840:
1838:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1807:
1801:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1790:Simek, Rudolf
1787:
1783:
1777:
1773:
1772:
1767:
1766:Orchard, Andy
1763:
1759:
1753:
1749:
1748:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1707:
1703:
1702:
1696:
1692:
1686:
1682:
1681:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1666:0-460-87616-3
1662:
1658:
1653:
1646:
1642:
1636:
1629:
1628:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1614:
1609:
1608:de Vries, Jan
1605:
1603:
1602:9780198631033
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1576:
1575:
1562:
1558:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1533:
1526:
1521:
1519:
1511:
1506:
1499:
1494:
1487:
1482:
1475:
1470:
1463:
1458:
1452:, p. 74.
1451:
1446:
1439:
1434:
1427:
1422:
1415:
1410:
1404:, p. 92.
1403:
1398:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1372:, p. 37.
1371:
1366:
1360:, p. 48.
1359:
1354:
1352:
1344:
1339:
1337:
1330:, p. 59.
1329:
1324:
1317:
1312:
1306:, p. 81.
1305:
1300:
1294:, p. 80.
1293:
1288:
1281:
1276:
1269:
1264:
1257:
1252:
1246:, p. 85.
1245:
1240:
1231:
1224:
1219:
1213:, p. 70.
1212:
1207:
1200:
1195:
1193:
1185:
1184:de Vries 1970
1180:
1178:
1171:, p. 18.
1170:
1165:
1158:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1141:
1140:de Vries 1970
1136:
1130:, p. 47.
1129:
1124:
1122:
1113:
1107:
1103:
1096:
1089:
1085:
1082:
1076:
1069:
1064:
1062:
1054:
1049:
1045:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1002:
997:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
966:
957:
955:
951:
947:
943:
942:
937:
933:
922:
920:
916:
915:
910:
909:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
887:
886:Gesta Danorum
882:
878:
873:
871:
867:
863:
859:
858:
847:
845:
841:
837:
833:
832:
827:
826:
821:
817:
813:
803:
801:
797:
793:
778:
776:
772:
771:
766:
765:
754:
750:
748:
743:
738:
729:
728:
726:
725:
724:
712:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
692:
690:
687:
686:
685:
683:
680:Standardized
672:
668:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
637:
631:
627:
623:
622:
621:
619:
611:
607:
606:
605:
599:
594:
593:
592:
591:
588:
586:
582:
581:
576:
569:
564:
562:
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555:
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549:
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541:
536:
534:
530:
526:
518:
515:
512:
509:
506:
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502:
498:
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486:
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474:
467:
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430:
427:
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420:
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408:
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399:
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387:
383:
380:
376:
375:
367:
362:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
335:
326:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
303:
301:
297:
296:
291:
290:
285:
280:
278:
274:
270:
265:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
240:
236:
233:
229:
225:
221:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
197:Indo-European
194:
190:
186:
183:
179:
176:
172:
170:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
131:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
108:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
47:
43:
39:
33:
19:
3947:Alcohol gods
3594:
3587:
3580:
3551:Hjaðningavíg
3329:Glæsisvellir
2869:Gullinbursti
2516:Útgarða-Loki
2260:
1910:Almáttki áss
1794:
1770:
1746:
1742:Lindow, John
1723:
1700:
1679:
1675:Haudry, Jean
1659:. Everyman.
1656:
1626:
1612:
1585:
1560:
1538:
1532:
1527:, p. 2.
1512:, p. 1.
1505:
1500:, p. 2.
1498:Orchard 1997
1493:
1486:Faulkes 1995
1481:
1469:
1457:
1445:
1438:Faulkes 1995
1433:
1426:Faulkes 1995
1421:
1414:Faulkes 1995
1409:
1402:Faulkes 1995
1397:
1390:Faulkes 1995
1385:
1382:Faulkes 1995
1377:
1370:Faulkes 1995
1365:
1345:, p. 1.
1343:Orchard 1997
1328:Faulkes 1995
1323:
1311:
1299:
1287:
1275:
1263:
1251:
1239:
1230:
1218:
1211:Orchard 1997
1206:
1164:
1135:
1101:
1095:
1075:
1070:, p. 7.
1068:Kroonen 2013
1048:
1004:
998:
993:
990:Emil Doepler
985:
977:
976:'s painting
974:Nils Blommér
971:
954:Rudolf Simek
939:
935:
931:
928:
918:
912:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
884:
874:
869:
855:
853:
844:Rudolf Simek
835:
829:
823:
811:
809:
799:
796:Andy Orchard
791:
789:
768:
762:
760:
751:
741:
739:
736:
720:
710:
704:
699:
694:
688:
678:
644:
642:
616:
610:Andy Orchard
601:appearances.
578:
574:
572:
567:
558:
556:
552:
539:
537:
524:
522:
500:
494:
488:
482:
476:
472:
470:
465:
454:
452:
389:
385:
372:
370:
365:
360:
329:Attestations
322:
318:
314:
310:
304:
293:
287:
281:
268:
266:
261:
257:
253:
249:
241:
234:
227:
223:
219:
204:
184:
177:
166:
159:
158:of the stem
151:
143:
137:
119:
111:
109:
68:
64:
56:
52:
51:
46:Nils Blommér
41:
3709:Reginnaglar
3641:Orthography
3614:Jómsvíkinga
3589:Poetic Edda
3502:Urðarbrunnr
3497:Mímisbrunnr
3429:Singasteinn
3359:Hindarfjall
3339:Gnipahellir
3319:Ginnungagap
3294:Fyrisvellir
3289:Fornsigtuna
3223:Vimur River
3213:Slidr River
2986:Jörmungandr
2396:Hrímgrímnir
2025:Vili and Vé
1774:. Cassell.
1462:Lindow 2002
1358:Lindow 2002
1169:Lindow 2002
1128:Lindow 2002
1053:Haudry 2017
1033:Trent Aegir
757:Saga corpus
473:Poetic Edda
466:Poetic Edda
457:), meaning
409:allra tíma;
355:Poetic Edda
224:*h₂ekʷ-eh₂-
175:Old English
118:(Old Norse
3942:Norse gods
3926:Categories
3876:Viking Age
3851:Philosophy
3719:Sonargöltr
3604:Runestones
3596:Prose Edda
3541:Fimbulvetr
3492:Hvergelmir
3459:Valaskjálf
3419:Sessrúmnir
3389:Jötunheimr
3364:Hlidskjalf
3354:Himinbjörg
3324:Glaðsheimr
3309:Gastropnir
3264:Bilskirnir
3244:Amsvartnir
3157:Gjallarbrú
3140:Underworld
3096:Landvættir
2996:Loddfáfnir
2974:Svaðilfari
2959:Hófvarpnir
2904:Blóðughófi
2884:Hildisvíni
2760:Aurvandill
2521:Vafþrúðnir
2506:Þrúðgelmir
2366:Harðgreipr
1627:Egils Saga
1571:References
1525:Simek 1996
1510:Simek 1996
1474:Simek 1996
1199:Simek 1996
1157:Simek 1996
941:Prose Edda
932:Prose Edda
917:may, like
792:Hymiskviða
633:illusions.
575:Prose Edda
568:Prose Edda
525:Hymiskviða
501:Grímnismál
484:Hymiskviða
478:Grímnismál
455:Hlés viti
421:Ægis mani.
406:var ǫlsmið
374:Sonatorrek
366:Sonatorrek
341:and their
187:'river').
180:'stream',
156:derivative
3831:Mead hall
3765:Þorrablót
3619:Legendary
3514:Yggdrasil
3474:Víðbláinn
3469:Vanaheimr
3444:Þrymheimr
3439:Þrúðvangr
3434:Þrúðheimr
3404:Munarvágr
3394:Mímameiðr
3369:Hnitbjorg
3284:Fólkvangr
3269:Brávellir
3218:Vadgelmir
3203:Kerlaugar
3172:Niðafjöll
3132:Locations
3108:Valkyries
3056:Sæhrímnir
2944:Gulltoppr
2909:Falhófnir
2807:Einherjar
2790:Landdísir
2624:Mótsognir
2614:Hreiðmarr
2526:Víðblindi
2476:Sökkmímir
2466:Mögþrasir
2426:Hyrrokkin
2391:Hrímgerðr
2386:Hræsvelgr
2376:Helreginn
2371:Helblindi
2291:Bergelmir
1955:Ítreksjóð
1862:mythology
1704:. Brill.
1610:(1970) .
1104:. Brill.
825:Lokasenna
810:The name
682:Old Norse
626:J. Lindow
540:Lokasenna
490:Lokasenna
428:You know,
307:Old Norse
267:The name
239:Tocharian
237:'water',
140:Old Norse
61:Old Norse
3894:See also
3816:Hamingja
3770:Vetrnætr
3755:Dísablót
3750:Álfablót
3556:Ragnarök
3464:Valhalla
3454:Útgarðar
3399:Myrkviðr
3384:Járnviðr
3379:Iðavöllr
3299:Gálgviðr
3279:Fensalir
3188:Élivágar
3162:Náströnd
3152:Éljúðnir
3021:Níðhöggr
2969:Sleipnir
2939:Gullfaxi
2839:Fimafeng
2755:Auðumbla
2574:Billingr
2501:Þrívaldi
2486:Suttungr
2441:Járnsaxa
2411:Hrungnir
2341:Gillingr
2336:Geirröðr
2316:Fárbauti
2306:Býleistr
2271:Angrboða
2223:Gullveig
1935:Heimdall
1925:Dellingr
1792:(1996).
1768:(1997).
1744:(2002).
1722:(2014).
1677:(2017).
1645:Archived
1624:(2003).
1584:(1957).
1084:Archived
1015:See also
1001:corvette
996:(1901).
980:(1850),
786:Banquets
747:Valhalla
649:kennings
544:Fimafeng
390:Ægis man
286:in both
284:kennings
277:kennings
232:Sanskrit
201:Germanic
152:*āgi-jaz
63:'sea'),
3846:Numbers
3826:Kenning
3699:Worship
3655:Society
3565:Sources
3484:Vingólf
3479:Vígríðr
3449:Uppsala
3414:Okolnir
3334:Glitnir
3304:Gandvik
3259:Bifröst
3249:Andlang
3167:Niflhel
3113:Völundr
3061:Skírnir
3001:Móðguðr
2797:Dragons
2780:Byggvir
2609:Gandalf
2594:Dvalinn
2564:Andvari
2401:Hrímnir
2356:Gunnlöð
2326:Fornjót
2321:Fjölvar
2301:Bölþorn
2276:Aurboða
2266:Alvaldi
2218:Gersemi
2035:Ásynjur
1940:Hermóðr
1930:Forseti
1880:Deities
950:Fornjót
870:Hléysey
866:Denmark
775:Fornjót
663:'s ...
471:In the
353:of the
282:Poetic
213:cognate
128:Denmark
120:Hléysey
3932:Jötnar
3689:Horses
3528:Events
3509:Ýdalir
3488:Wells
3424:Sindri
3409:Nóatún
3274:Brimir
3239:Asgard
3198:Ífingr
3181:Rivers
3091:Vættir
2949:Gyllir
2859:Fylgja
2849:Fenrir
2802:Draugs
2738:Others
2661:Heroes
2644:Brokkr
2599:Fáfnir
2589:Dúrnir
2584:Durinn
2559:Alvíss
2551:Dwarfs
2536:Vörnir
2446:Laufey
2311:Eggþér
2296:Bestla
2253:Jötnar
2238:Njörðr
2233:Kvasir
2196:Freyja
2148:Snotra
2108:Njörun
2063:Gefjon
2020:Víðarr
1960:Lóðurr
1889:jötnar
1885:dwarfs
1802:
1778:
1754:
1730:
1708:
1687:
1663:
1637:
1600:
1553:
1108:
1027:Njörðr
988:, and
925:Jötunn
653:skalds
529:augury
386:ǫlsmið
337:Ægir,
205:*ahwō-
164:Gothic
160:*ahwō-
75:and a
73:jötunn
3881:Völva
3871:Skald
3866:Seiðr
3861:Runes
3856:Rings
3821:Heiti
3806:Galdr
3801:Félag
3791:Death
3784:Other
3694:Hörgr
3609:Sagas
3349:Heiðr
3314:Gimlé
3254:Barri
3193:Gjöll
3118:Vörðr
3081:Troll
3066:Sköll
3026:Norns
2934:Grani
2929:Glenr
2919:Glaðr
2889:Hjúki
2864:Garmr
2817:Elves
2812:Eldir
2785:Dísir
2765:Beyla
2699:Hi–Hy
2649:Eitri
2634:Regin
2579:Dáinn
2531:Vosud
2511:Þrymr
2491:Þjazi
2481:Surtr
2451:Leikn
2421:Hymir
2416:Hrymr
2406:Hroðr
2381:Hljod
2361:Gymir
2351:Gríðr
2331:Gangr
2281:Baugi
2228:Hnoss
2211:Yngvi
2201:Freyr
2188:Vanir
2168:Þrúðr
2143:Skaði
2138:Sjöfn
2133:Sigyn
2118:Rindr
2103:Nanna
2083:Iðunn
2068:Gerðr
2058:Fulla
2053:Frigg
1980:Mímir
1975:Meili
1950:Hœnir
1920:Bragi
1915:Baldr
1648:(PDF)
1631:(PDF)
1040:Notes
914:Lejre
891:Lerus
840:Gerðr
836:Gymir
816:Gerðr
812:Gymir
806:Gymir
665:völva
661:Gymir
585:Bragi
577:book
548:Eldir
499:. In
379:skald
323:geyma
319:gemla
311:Gymir
309:name
258:ahwō-
228:*h₂ep
217:Latin
215:with
203:stem
150:form
142:name
134:Names
124:Lejre
101:Freyr
97:Gerðr
69:Gymir
57:Aegir
18:Aegir
3811:Goði
3796:Ergi
3775:Yule
3674:Blót
3582:Edda
3044:Nótt
3039:Elli
3034:Dagr
2981:Jörð
2924:Glær
2914:Gísl
2775:Búri
2770:Borr
2750:Auðr
2694:H–He
2619:Litr
2541:Ymir
2496:Þökk
2461:Logi
2456:Litr
2286:Beli
2261:Ægir
2123:Sága
2098:Lofn
2093:Irpa
2088:Ilmr
2078:Hlín
2010:Ullr
2000:Thor
1990:Odin
1970:Máni
1965:Loki
1945:Höðr
1902:Æsir
1860:and
1800:ISBN
1776:ISBN
1752:ISBN
1728:ISBN
1706:ISBN
1685:ISBN
1661:ISBN
1657:Edda
1635:ISBN
1598:ISBN
1551:ISBN
1106:ISBN
1005:Ægir
994:Ægir
986:Ægir
946:Æsir
919:Læsø
903:Snær
899:Snio
895:Hlér
877:Snær
862:Læsø
828:and
546:and
459:gold
315:gumi
300:Læsø
269:Ægir
262:aqua
260:and
254:Ægir
250:ahwō
220:aqua
191:and
144:Ægir
138:The
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93:Snær
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3147:Hel
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2709:P–S
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2178:Vör
2173:Vár
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2153:Sól
2128:Sif
2113:Rán
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2005:Týr
1995:Óðr
1543:doi
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523:In
347:ale
339:Rán
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235:áp-
185:aha
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