161:
266:
66:
25:
1182:
1267:
and to settle all internal matters peacefully. The conference produced a code, which provided protection from foreign aggression to both the Oirat and the
Khalkha and guaranteed the free movement of people throughout Mongol land.
1220:
in the early 17th century, he, like many other Oirat princes, wished for one of his sons to enter the
Buddhist clergy. In pursuit of his wish, Babakhan chose Zaya to become a
1286:
From the time Zaya
Pandita developed the Clear Script in 1648 until his death in 1662, he translated approximately 186 Buddhist texts from Tibetan language to the
1314:, Indiana University Uralic and Altaic Series, Volume 148, Larry Moses, Editor, Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University, Bloomington, 1985.
1168:
1275:
in far away Russia. In furtherance of his missionary work, Zaya
Pandita composed a new alphabet, based on the traditional Mongolian alphabet, called "
1283:) to transcribe the Oirat language as it is pronounced. By doing so, Zaya Pandita eliminated the ambiguities of the traditional Mongolian alphabet.
1337:
190:
1271:
When not engaged in diplomacy between the Oirat and the
Khalkha, Zaya Pandita spread Tibetan Buddhism to the Oirats, the Khalkha and even the
1255:. The purpose of the conference was to encourage the formation of a united Mongolian front against potential external enemies, such as the
1229:
76:
1161:
638:
1347:
134:
541:
106:
1140:
1154:
230:
212:
52:
183:
113:
461:
1078:
292:
1352:
91:
120:
1362:
38:
1200:
origin who is the most prominent Oirat
Buddhist scholar. Among his accomplishments is the invention of the
1116:
756:
102:
247:
173:
1301:
with slight revisions, and is taught alongside standard classical written
Mongolian in that region.
583:
714:
655:
566:
287:
177:
169:
474:
443:
1036:
994:
875:
702:
611:
194:
802:
348:
330:
1332:
1327:
1121:
554:
509:
127:
8:
1133:
1128:
697:
275:
1221:
1088:
814:
773:
628:
594:
578:
1228:
where he would study and practice
Buddhism, including study under the guidance of the
87:
962:
880:
824:
807:
797:
768:
633:
616:
604:
44:
690:
1217:
1004:
999:
836:
831:
790:
780:
265:
255:
343:
317:
1357:
1252:
1248:
1043:
868:
858:
853:
536:
531:
433:
353:
1342:
1287:
1048:
1017:
979:
969:
863:
841:
763:
526:
363:
358:
1321:
1272:
1260:
1193:
947:
846:
678:
521:
492:
456:
438:
418:
1276:
1244:
1236:
1201:
1083:
1068:
908:
428:
584:
1061:
599:
401:
1251:
tribe, in assembling a pan-Mongol conference between the Oirat and the
1098:
903:
743:
731:
721:
685:
423:
1291:
1093:
726:
709:
479:
937:
65:
1298:
1264:
989:
925:
650:
406:
368:
297:
381:
83:
1256:
1240:
1213:
1073:
1029:
1024:
920:
819:
785:
573:
497:
282:
1290:
while still serving the religious needs of the Oirat tribes in
1197:
974:
738:
673:
396:
391:
386:
307:
1225:
984:
942:
932:
885:
312:
302:
915:
1235:
In 1638, Zaya
Pandita left Tibet at the direction of the
1181:
1212:
Zaya
Pandita was the fifth son of Babakhan, a minor
1297:The todo bichig script is still used by Oirats in
1319:
182:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
1162:
1224:("novice monk"). In 1615, Zaya journeyed to
92:introducing citations to additional sources
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1169:
1155:
1230:Lobsang Chökyi Gyaltsen, 4th Panchen Lama
1185:Statue of Zaya Pandita. Elista, Kalmykia.
231:Learn how and when to remove this message
213:Learn how and when to remove this message
1180:
82:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1338:Tibetan Buddhist priests from Kalmykia
1320:
1243:. One year later in 1640, he assisted
1239:to conduct missionary work among the
1216:prince. After Babakhan converted to
154:
59:
18:
13:
1192:or Namkhaijamts (1599–1662) was a
639:Svatantrika-Prasaṅgika distinction
14:
1374:
34:This article has multiple issues.
264:
159:
75:relies largely or entirely on a
64:
23:
42:or discuss these issues on the
1:
1304:
1207:
7:
1348:Creators of writing systems
585:
16:Buddhist priest (1599–1662)
10:
1379:
1310:Halkovic, Jr., Stephen A.
1194:Buddhist missionary priest
668:Practices and attainment
656:Pointing-out instruction
567:Three marks of existence
168:This article includes a
1312:The Mongols of the West
1247:, Khun Taiyishi of the
197:more precise citations.
1186:
1037:Tibetan Buddhist canon
1353:Buddhist missionaries
1184:
612:Dependent origination
1363:Missionary linguists
1111:History and overview
510:Samding Dorje Phagmo
375:Second dissemination
88:improve this article
898:Institutional roles
337:First dissemination
1187:
1089:Tree of physiology
629:Four Tenets system
170:list of references
1179:
1178:
1141:Index of articles
757:Major monasteries
715:Tantra techniques
634:Rangtong-Shentong
542:10th Panchen Lama
331:Key personalities
241:
240:
233:
223:
222:
215:
153:
152:
138:
57:
1370:
1218:Tibetan Buddhism
1171:
1164:
1157:
1094:Festival thangka
588:
561:General Buddhist
268:
258:
257:Tibetan Buddhism
243:
242:
236:
229:
218:
211:
207:
204:
198:
193:this article by
184:inline citations
163:
162:
155:
148:
145:
139:
137:
96:
68:
60:
49:
27:
26:
19:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1318:
1317:
1307:
1253:Khalkha Mongols
1249:Choros (Oirats)
1210:
1196:and scholar of
1175:
1146:
1145:
1112:
1104:
1103:
1064:
1054:
1053:
1044:Mahayana sutras
1020:
1010:
1009:
965:
955:
954:
899:
891:
890:
759:
749:
748:
669:
661:
660:
557:
547:
546:
537:14th Dalai Lama
532:13th Dalai Lama
516:
505:
487:
469:
451:
434:Patrul Rinpoche
376:
338:
333:
323:
322:
278:
256:
237:
226:
225:
224:
219:
208:
202:
199:
188:
174:related reading
164:
160:
149:
143:
140:
97:
95:
81:
69:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1376:
1366:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1316:
1315:
1306:
1303:
1288:Oirat language
1209:
1206:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1173:
1166:
1159:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1079:Wall paintings
1076:
1071:
1065:
1060:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1049:Nyingma Gyubum
1046:
1040:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1021:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
980:Galdan Namchot
977:
972:
970:Chotrul Duchen
966:
961:
960:
957:
956:
953:
952:
951:
950:
940:
935:
929:
928:
923:
918:
912:
911:
906:
900:
897:
896:
893:
892:
889:
888:
883:
878:
872:
871:
866:
861:
856:
850:
849:
844:
839:
834:
828:
827:
822:
817:
811:
810:
805:
800:
794:
793:
788:
783:
777:
776:
771:
766:
760:
755:
754:
751:
750:
747:
746:
741:
735:
734:
729:
724:
718:
717:
712:
706:
705:
700:
694:
693:
691:Avalokiteśvara
688:
682:
681:
676:
670:
667:
666:
663:
662:
659:
658:
653:
647:
646:
642:
641:
636:
631:
625:
624:
620:
619:
614:
608:
607:
602:
597:
591:
590:
581:
576:
570:
569:
563:
562:
558:
553:
552:
549:
548:
545:
544:
539:
534:
529:
527:5th Dalai Lama
524:
518:
517:
507:
506:
501:
500:
495:
489:
488:
483:
482:
477:
471:
470:
465:
464:
462:Rangjung Dorje
459:
453:
452:
447:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
415:
414:
410:
409:
404:
399:
394:
389:
384:
378:
377:
372:
371:
366:
364:Trisong Detsen
361:
359:Songtsen Gampo
356:
351:
346:
340:
339:
334:
329:
328:
325:
324:
321:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
290:
285:
279:
274:
273:
270:
269:
261:
260:
252:
251:
239:
238:
221:
220:
178:external links
167:
165:
158:
151:
150:
144:September 2020
103:"Zaya Pandita"
86:. Please help
72:
70:
63:
58:
32:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1375:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1313:
1309:
1308:
1302:
1300:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1284:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1273:Kalmyk people
1269:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1183:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1160:
1158:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1149:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1108:
1107:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1058:
1057:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1014:
1013:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
967:
964:
959:
958:
949:
948:Western tulku
946:
945:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
930:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
913:
910:
907:
905:
902:
901:
895:
894:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
873:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
851:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
829:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
812:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
795:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
778:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
761:
758:
753:
752:
745:
742:
740:
737:
736:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
719:
716:
713:
711:
708:
707:
704:
701:
699:
696:
695:
692:
689:
687:
684:
683:
680:
677:
675:
672:
671:
665:
664:
657:
654:
652:
649:
648:
644:
643:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
626:
622:
621:
618:
615:
613:
610:
609:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
592:
589:
587:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
571:
568:
565:
564:
560:
559:
556:
551:
550:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
522:Je Tsongkhapa
520:
519:
514:
513:
512:
511:
503:
502:
499:
496:
494:
493:Sakya Pandita
491:
490:
485:
484:
481:
478:
476:
473:
472:
467:
466:
463:
460:
458:
455:
454:
449:
448:
445:
442:
440:
439:Dudjom Lingpa
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
419:Yeshe Tsogyal
417:
416:
412:
411:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
379:
374:
373:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
347:
345:
344:Padmasambhāva
342:
341:
336:
335:
332:
327:
326:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
280:
277:
272:
271:
267:
263:
262:
259:
254:
253:
249:
245:
244:
235:
232:
217:
214:
206:
196:
192:
186:
185:
179:
175:
171:
166:
157:
156:
147:
136:
133:
129:
126:
122:
119:
115:
112:
108:
105: –
104:
100:
99:Find sources:
93:
89:
85:
79:
78:
77:single source
73:This article
71:
67:
62:
61:
56:
54:
47:
46:
41:
40:
35:
30:
21:
20:
1311:
1296:
1285:
1280:
1277:Clear script
1270:
1245:Erdeni Batur
1237:Panchen Lama
1234:
1211:
1202:Clear Script
1190:Zaya Pandita
1189:
1188:
1084:Ashtamangala
1069:Sand mandala
909:Panchen Lama
876:Tashi Lhunpo
508:
429:Jigme Lingpa
349:Śāntarakṣita
227:
209:
203:January 2013
200:
189:Please help
181:
141:
131:
124:
117:
110:
98:
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
1333:1662 deaths
1328:1599 births
1281:todo bichig
803:Mindrolling
600:Bodhisattva
402:Sukhasiddhi
392:Abhayakirti
195:introducing
1322:Categories
1305:References
1099:Mani stone
904:Dalai Lama
744:Buddhahood
732:Dream yoga
722:Deity yoga
698:Meditation
686:Bodhicitta
424:Longchenpa
354:Kamalaśīla
114:newspapers
39:improve it
1292:Dzungaria
1222:śrāmaṇera
1208:Biography
963:Festivals
727:Guru yoga
710:Vajrayana
679:Pāramitās
579:Cosmology
555:Teachings
480:Taranatha
84:talk page
45:talk page
1299:Xinjiang
1265:Russians
1122:Timeline
990:Dosmoche
926:Rinpoche
815:Narthang
774:Dzogchen
651:Dzogchen
504:Bodongpa
407:Milarepa
369:Ralpacan
248:a series
246:Part of
1261:Manchus
1257:Kazakhs
1241:Mongols
1214:Khoshut
1134:Culture
1129:Outline
1117:History
1074:Thangka
1030:Tengyur
1025:Kangyur
1005:Losoong
1000:Sho Dun
921:Karmapa
881:Tsurphu
842:Ramoche
825:Pabonka
820:Nechung
808:Namgyal
798:Labrang
786:Jokhang
769:Drepung
764:Tradruk
739:Thukdam
645:Nyingma
623:Tibetan
595:Rebirth
586:Saṃsāra
574:Skandha
515:Gelugpa
498:Gorampa
475:Dolpopa
413:Nyingma
283:Nyingma
276:Schools
191:improve
128:scholar
1358:Oirats
1263:, and
995:Monlam
975:Dajyur
938:Tertön
837:Ralung
832:Palcho
791:Kumbum
781:Ganden
674:Lamrim
605:Dharma
468:Jonang
444:Mipham
397:Niguma
387:Talika
308:Jonang
298:Bodong
130:
123:
116:
109:
101:
1343:Lamas
1226:Lhasa
1198:Oirat
1018:Texts
985:Losar
943:Tulku
933:Geshe
886:Yerpa
869:Shalu
859:Sanga
854:Sakya
703:Laity
617:Karma
486:Sakya
457:Marpa
450:Kagyu
382:Atiśa
313:Gelug
303:Kagyu
293:Sakya
288:Kadam
176:, or
135:JSTOR
121:books
916:Lama
864:Sera
847:Rato
318:Rimé
107:news
1279:" (
1062:Art
90:by
1324::
1294:.
1259:,
1232:.
1204:.
250:on
180:,
172:,
48:.
1170:e
1163:t
1156:v
234:)
228:(
216:)
210:(
205:)
201:(
187:.
146:)
142:(
132:·
125:·
118:·
111:·
94:.
80:.
55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.