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The rivers of the White
Mountains serve the irrigation of the fields in the densely populated river valleys, which allows the pelvis of Jalalabad multiple harvests. Wheat, maize, various types of vegetables (onions, green beans, okra, tomatoes, etc.), cotton, opium poppies, lemons, sugar cane, and
577:
Wood from the eastern Afghan forests has been exported mainly to
Pakistan since the 19th century, and in increasingly irresponsible quantities, so that Afghanistan imposed a complete export ban in 1975, which smugglers circumvented. In addition to the actual forestry there is or was a collection
826:
Garren, William R., and Carl R. Page. 1987. Gazetteer of
Pakistan: official standard names approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Information Service. p.578
567:
olives are also grown around
Jalalabad. The Bara high valley in the southeast of the range is one of the most intensively used agricultural areas of the Pakistani tribal areas under
1018:
650:, Afghanistan. The most viable route over the main ridge of the White Mountains is the Agam Pass (3586 m), over which the distance from Jalalabad to Parachinar is 92 km.
535:
follow from 2500 m from bottom to top: alluvial soils in valleys, limestone and dolomite up to 4000 m, an intermediate zone of slate at 4000 m, above crystalline rock.
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988:“From Bad They Made It Worse” The concentration of opium poppy in areas of conflict in the provinces of Helmand and Nangarhar
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All Bets are Off! Prospects for (B)reaching
Agreements and Drug Control in Helmand and Nangarhar in the run up to Transition
1157:
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in or near the Spīn Ghar mountain range. The famous Khyber Pass crosses a spur of the Spīn Ghar. A second crossing, near
336:
965:
Summaries of
Important Areas for Mineral Investment and Production Opportunities of Nonfuel Minerals in Afghanistan
324:
28:
944:
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27:
This article is about the
Mountain range in eastern Afghanistan. For other mountain ranges in Afghanistan, see
689:. After 2004, the Spīn Ghar mountain range was a pivotal place and theater of many battles fought between the
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Older reports speak of rich orchards in the valleys of Spīn Ghar with mulberry and pomegranate trees.
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Vgl. Karten der bewässerten
Gebiete und der Bevölkerungsdichte in Stephen G. Peter et al.:
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in 2001. Bin Laden hid in the sparsely vegetated mountains in the northern part, called
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in the southwest of Spīn Ghar is listed as an important bird area in
Afghanistan.
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951:
930:Ökologische Beobachtungen oberhalb der Waldgrenze des Safed Koh (Ost-Afghanistan)
678:
647:
438:
264:
234:
53:
987:
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528:. On the summit there are cirque glaciers, some of which are filled with scree.
945:
Biodiversity
Profile of Afghanistan, United Nations Environment Programme, 2008
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803:. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 994–995.
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433:, Khewas, Shilawzan, Luqman Khel, Maikay, Chappri Rest House, Zeran, and
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reduced timber resources. The valleys still support some agriculture.
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The White Mountains are part of the western rim that separates the
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Geologic Map, AGS Open-File Report (511/512/517) 2005-1108-A
332:
34:
Mountain range in eastern Afghanistan and northern Pakistan
555:
Above the nearly barren lower slopes, forests of pine and
394:
through the Spīn Ghar mountains to flow eastward into the
681:, crossed the Spīn Ghar to escape to Pakistan during the
255:
Map of Northeast Afghanistan with Spīn Ghar on the bottom
914:
Geologic Map, AGS Open-File Report (509/510) 2005-1107-A
559:
thrived on the main range, but devastation during the
331:. The lower hills are mostly barren and treeless, but
382:
valley in the east about 160 kilometers west to the
932:. In: Vegetatio. 30,2 (1975), S. 89–97, hier S. 93
578:economy for pistachio nuts and the edible seeds of
374:US aircraft flying by the mountains in Afghanistan
1116:Historical and political gazetteer of Afghanistan
1129:
1042:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
860:Physical map of Afghanistan, University of Texas
662:border formed in 1893 between Afghanistan and
180:
1024:. Archived from the original on 4 March 2010
755:
753:
871:Physical map of Afghanistan, www.ezilon.com
550:
441:between the river systems of the Kabul and
335:grows on the main mountains that form the
1089:Boundaries III. Boundaries of Afghanistan
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787:
609:
591:
448:The closest cities to the Spīn Ghar are
369:
357:
346:
250:
398:. The range connects directly with the
283:, less used in this area) meaning both
14:
1130:
1074:Afghanistan XIII. Forests and Forestry
501:The base of the mountains consists of
1148:Mountain ranges of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
1019:"Nangarhar Provincial Profile (2007)"
895:in The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.
781:
642:city on the Pakistani side with the
280:
723:Environmental issues in Afghanistan
337:East Afghan montane conifer forests
268:
73:
65:
57:
24:
719:(a list of mountains above 7,200m)
25:
1189:
908:. Amsterdam u. a. 2014, S. 73–74
738:
362:The Spin Ghar range as seen from
1143:Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
985:. 2013, S. 27. David Mansfield:
906:Natural Resources in Afghanistan
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1057:The Imperial Gazetteer of India
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916:. R. G. Bohanon, K. J. Turner:
912:. R. G. Bohanon, K. J. Turner:
898:
886:
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1138:Mountain ranges of Afghanistan
1005:. Part III, Kabul 2004, S. 96
1003:Watershed Atlas of Afghanistan
864:
853:
842:
830:
819:
807:
769:
666:cuts through these mountains.
13:
1:
1092:. Encyclopædia Iranica Online
1077:. Encyclopædia Iranica Online
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531:On the southern flank of the
413:, near the Pakistani town of
118:4,755 m (15,600 ft)
1153:Landforms of Paktia Province
673:military intelligence, many
464:in Pakistan to the south.
342:
18:White Mountains, Afghanistan
7:
1158:Mountain ranges of Pakistan
1118:. Vol. 6, Graz 1985, S. 16
704:
411:Mount Sikaram (Sikaram Sar)
386:valley in Afghanistan. The
378:The range extends from the
325:Afghanistan–Pakistan border
10:
1194:
1114:Ludwig W. Adamec (Hrsg.):
693:of al-Qaeda and the joint
653:
638:or Gawi Pass and connects
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26:
717:List of highest mountains
587:
437:. The Spīn Ghar form the
421:. From here it passes to
307:. It ranges from eastern
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112:
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1105:. Darmstadt 1990, S. 122
626:There are a few notable
551:Agriculture and forestry
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1059:, 1908, vol 21, S. 349
950:21 January 2023 at the
800:Encyclopædia Britannica
764:Encyclopædia Britannica
711:List of mountain ranges
614:The border crossing at
366:(Taj Mahal Guest House)
839:in: Universalium, 2010
623:
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475:in the east is called
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967:. 2011, S. 1440–1441
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293:Selseleh-ye Safīd Kūh
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928:Siegmar W. Breckle:
837:Safīd Mountain Range
760:Safīd Mountain Range
677:fighters, including
409:The highest peak is
329:above mean sea level
303:to the south of the
297:white mountain range
1071:Xavier de Planhol:
1001:Raphy Favre u. a.:
683:Tora Bora offensive
512:with admixtures of
492:Indian subcontinent
435:Upper Khyber Agency
237:in Afghanistan and
142: /
1178:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
1163:Nangarhar Province
699:Pakistani military
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569:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
518:metavolcanic rocks
467:The range between
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313:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
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239:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
89:Highest point
1101:Erwin Grötzbach:
979:David Mansfield:
904:John F. Shroder:
814:Oxford dictionary
794:"Safed Koh"
561:Afghan civil wars
543:A 20,000 hectare
456:to the west; and
406:mountain system.
353:Khogyani District
249:
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146:33.967°N 70.367°E
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777:CIA document
771:
713:of the world
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634:, is called
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603:, below the
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557:deodar cedar
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1103:Afghanistan
893:Paropamisus
849:defense.gov
728:Durand Line
660:Durand Line
636:Peiwar Pass
620:Khyber Pass
605:Peiwar Pass
597:Tari Mangal
533:Sikaram Sar
503:Proterozoic
478:Paropamisus
473:Chaghcharan
423:Tari Mangal
400:Shandur Top
396:Indus River
388:Kabul River
309:Afghanistan
241:in Pakistan
213:Afghanistan
199:Afghanistan
149: /
124:Coordinates
102:Afghanistan
1132:Categories
744:References
733:Koh-i-Baba
646:Valley of
640:Parachinar
526:migmatites
462:Parachinar
415:Parachinar
404:Hindu Kush
351:Seen from
305:Hindu Kush
295:) meaning
687:Tora Bora
494:from the
480:Mountains
450:Jalalabad
439:watershed
364:Jalalabad
343:Geography
273:Safēd Kōh
261:Spīn Ghar
227:Nangarhar
223:Provinces
209:Countries
192:Safed Koh
188:Spīn Ghar
162:Geography
114:Elevation
47:Safed Koh
43:Spīn Ghar
29:Safēd Kōh
1038:cite web
948:Archived
910:Vorschau
705:See also
675:al-Qaeda
516:, mafic
510:granites
506:gneisses
380:Peshawar
317:Pakistan
217:Pakistan
106:Pakistan
954:, S. 29
697:of the
654:History
622:in 2011
618:on the
616:Torkham
545:biotope
514:gabbros
486:Geology
417:in the
323:on the
299:, is a
281:سفیدکوه
269:سپین غر
137:70°22′E
134:33°58′N
74:سفیدکوه
66:سفیدکوه
62:Persian
58:سپین غر
1120:online
1061:online
1007:online
934:online
816:, 2014
766:, 2009
588:Passes
522:marble
460:, and
454:Gardez
443:Kurram
431:Alizai
392:trough
289:Pashto
265:Pashto
235:Paktia
108:Border
100:,
54:Pashto
1022:(PDF)
644:Aryob
539:Fauna
469:Herat
458:Khost
427:Pewar
384:Logar
311:into
271:) or
231:Logar
1044:link
1030:2021
992:2014
969:20 B
658:The
524:and
508:and
333:pine
277:Dari
259:The
215:and
94:Peak
70:Urdu
762:in
1134::
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1036:{{
797:.
752:^
671:US
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263:(
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31:.
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