1196:. Vladek's English is fluent, but his phrasing is often non-native, showing the influence of Yiddish (and possibly also of Polish). For example, he asks Art, "But, tell me, how is it by you? How is going the comics business?" Later, describing his internment, he tells Art, "very day we prayed ... I was very religious, and it wasn't else to do". The passages where he is shown in Europe speaking Yiddish or Polish are in standard English, without the idiosyncratic phrasings Spiegelman records from their English-language conversations. Spiegelman does not show other Holocaust survivors (Vladek's second wife Mala, their friends, and Art's therapist Paul Pavel) using Yiddish-influenced constructions.
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1114:. This describes the relation of the children of survivors with the survivors themselves. While these children have not had their parents' experiences, they grow up with their parents' memories—the memory of another's memory—until the stories become so powerful that for these children they become memories in their own right. The children's proximity creates a "deep personal connection" with the memory, though separated from it by "generational distance". In the field of psychology, this is called
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humanoid bodies. Spiegelman wanted to get away from the rendering of the characters in the original "Maus", in which oversized cats towered over the Jewish mice, an approach which
Spiegelman says, "tells you how to feel, tells you how to think". He preferred to let the reader make independent moral judgments. He drew the cat-Nazis the same size as the mouse-Jews, and dropped the stereotypical villainous expressions.
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569:". After finishing the strip, Spiegelman visited his father to show him the finished work, which he had based in part on an anecdote he had heard about his father's Auschwitz experience. His father gave him further background information, which piqued Spiegelman's interest. Spiegelman recorded a series of interviews over four days with his father, which was to provide the basis of the longer
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427:. Art is presented as angry and full of self-pity. He deals with his own traumas and those inherited from his parents by seeking psychiatric help, which continued after the book was completed. He has a strained relationship with his father, Vladek, by whom he feels dominated. At first, he displays little sympathy for his father's hardships, but he shows more as the narrative unfolds.
1840:] as the most compelling of any [Holocaust] depiction, perhaps because only the caricatured quality of comic art is equal to the seeming unreality of an experience beyond all reason". Michael Rothberg opined: "By situating a nonfictional story in a highly mediated, unreal, 'comic' space, Spiegelman captures the hyperintensity of Auschwitz".
55:
1464:, that are said to have brought the term "graphic novel" and the idea of comics for adults into mainstream consciousness. It was credited with changing the public's perception of what comics could be at a time when, in the English-speaking world, they were considered to be for children, and strongly associated with superheroes. Initially, critics of
1094:, the characters seem to be mice and cats only in their predator/prey relationship. In every respect other than their heads and tails, they act and speak as ordinary humans. Further complicating the animal metaphor, Anja is ironically shown to be afraid of mice, while other characters appear with pet dogs and cats, and the Nazis with attack dogs.
1090:, the two wear mouse masks. Spiegelman's perceptions of the animal metaphor seem to have evolved over the book's making—in the original publication of the first volume, his self-portrait showed a mouse head on a human body, but by the time the second volume arrived, his self-portrait had become that of a man wearing a mouse mask. In
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revealed ... Healthy emotions tell every independent young man and every honorable youth that the dirty and filth-covered vermin, the greatest bacteria carrier in the animal kingdom, cannot be the ideal type of animal ... Away with Jewish brutalization of the people! Down with Mickey Mouse! Wear the
Swastika Cross!"
1506: ... would respond to seeing a carefully researched work based closely on my father's memories of life in Hitler's Europe and in the death camps classified as fiction". An editor responded, "Let's go out to Spiegelman's house and if a giant mouse answers the door, we'll move it to the nonfiction side of the list!" The
1159:" as he says. When she berates him, a victim of antisemitism, for his attitude, he replies, "It's not even to compare, the schwartsers and the Jews!" Spiegelman gradually deconstructs the animal metaphor throughout the book, especially in the second volume, showing where the lines cannot be drawn between races of humans.
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Ostensibly about the
Holocaust, the story entwines with the frame tale of Art interviewing and interacting with his father. Art's "Prisoner on the Hell Planet" is also encompassed by the frame, and stands in visual and thematic contrast with the rest of the book as the characters are in human form in
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Also a Polish Jew who has survived the
Holocaust, Anja (1912–1968) is Art's mother and Vladek's first wife. Nervous, compliant and clinging, she has her first nervous breakdown after giving birth to her first son. She sometimes told Art about the Holocaust while he was growing up, although his father
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In Rego Park in 1958, a young Art
Spiegelman is skating with his friends when he falls down and hurts himself, but his friends keep going. When he returns home, he finds his father Vladek, who asks him why he is upset, and Art proceeds to tell him that his friends left him behind. His father responds
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among its 1,500 black-and-white panels. The art has high contrast, with heavy black areas and thick black borders balanced against areas of white and wide white margins. There is little gray in the shading. In the narrative present, the pages are arranged in eight-panel grids; in the narrative past,
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is becoming for him, he says to his wife: "In real life you'd never have let me talk this long without interrupting". When a prisoner whom the Nazis believe to be a Jew claims to be German, Spiegelman has difficulty deciding whether to present this character as a cat or a mouse. Throughout the book,
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was difficult for critics and reviewers to classify, and also for booksellers, who needed to know on which shelves to place it. Though
Pantheon pushed for the term "graphic novel", Spiegelman was not comfortable with this, as many book-length comics were being referred to as "graphic novels" whether
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Vladek and Anja
Spiegelman. An aunt poisoned his parents' first son Richieu to avoid capture by the Nazis, four years before Spiegelman's birth. He and his parents emigrated to the United States in 1951. During his youth his mother occasionally talked about Auschwitz, but his father did not want him
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Zev ben
Abraham. His Polish name was Wladislaw ("Wladislaw" and "Wladec" are the spellings Spiegelman provides; the standard Polish spellings for these names are "Władysław" and "Władek"), of which "Wladec" is a diminutive. "Vladek" is the Russian version of this name, which was picked up when the
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Vladek spoke
Yiddish and Polish. He also learned English, German, and French while still in Poland. His knowledge of languages helps him several times during the story, both before and during his imprisonment. Vladek's recounting of the Holocaust, first to American soldiers, then to his son, is in
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The war ends, the camp survivors are freed and Vladek and Anja reunite. The book closes with Vladek turning over in his bed as he finishes his story and telling Art, "I'm tired from talking, Richieu, and it's enough stories for now". The final image is of Vladek and Anja's tombstone—Vladek died in
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Art asks after Anja's diaries, which Vladek tells him were her account of her
Holocaust experiences and the only record of what happened to her after her separation from Vladek at Auschwitz and which Vladek says she had wanted Art to read. Vladek comes to admit that he burned them after she killed
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Literary critic Walter Ben Michaels found Spiegelman's racial divisions "counterfactual". Spiegelman depicts Europeans as different animal species based on Nazi conceptions of race, but all Americans, both black and white, as dogs—with the exception of the Jews, who remain unassimilated mice. To
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In making people of each ethnicity look alike, Spiegelman hoped to show the absurdity of dividing people along such lines. Spiegelman has stated that "these metaphors ... are meant to self-destruct" and "reveal the inanity of the notion itself". Animals signified the characters' roles in the
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was a best-seller and was taught in schools. The Polish translation encountered difficulties; as early as 1987, when Spiegelman planned a research visit to Poland, the Polish consulate official who approved his visa questioned him about the Poles' depiction as pigs, and pointed out how serious an
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Spiegelman's perceived audacity in using the Holocaust as his subject was compounded by his telling the story in comics. The prevailing view in the English-speaking world held comics as inherently trivial, thus degrading Spiegelman's subject matter, especially as he used animal heads in place of
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may risk reinforcing racist labels, but Spiegelman uses the idea to create anonymity for the characters. According to art historian Andrea Liss, this may paradoxically enable the reader to identify with the characters as human, preventing the reader from observing racial characteristics based on
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that included Vladek's broken language, which Zmora Bitan had refused to do. Marilyn Reizbaum saw this as highlighting a difference between the self-image of the Israeli Jew as a fearless defender of the homeland, and that of the American Jew as a feeble victim, something that one Israeli writer
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comics. He moved back to New York from San Francisco in 1975, which he admitted to his father only in 1977, by which time he had decided to work on a "very long comic book". He began another series of interviews with his father in 1978, and visited Auschwitz in 1979. He serialized the story in a
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have appeared in a collected edition. Art is overcome with the unexpected attention the book receives and finds himself "totally blocked". Art talks about the book with his psychiatrist Paul Pavel, a Czech Holocaust survivor. Pavel suggests that, as those who perished in the camps can never tell
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In Sosnowiec, Vladek and Anja move from one hiding place to the next, making occasional contact with other Jews in hiding. Vladek disguises himself as an ethnic Pole and hunts for provisions. The couple arrange with smugglers to escape to Hungary, but it is a trick—the Gestapo arrest them on the
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and others saw Spiegelman's use of animals as potentially reinforcing stereotypes. Pekar was also disdainful of Spiegelman's overwhelmingly negative portrayal of his father, calling him disingenuous and hypocritical for such a portrayal in a book that presents itself as objective. Comics critic
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in such a manner, but after initial sketches he decided to use a pared-down style, one little removed from his pencil sketches, which he found more direct and immediate. Characters are rendered in a minimalist way: animal heads with dots for eyes and slashes for eyebrows and mouths, sitting on
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Spiegelman displays his sense of guilt in many ways. He suffers anguish over his dead brother, Richieu, who perished in the Holocaust, and whom he feels he can never live up to. The eighth chapter, made after the publication and unexpected success of the first volume, opens with a guilt-ridden
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as ethnic Poles by tying pig masks to their faces, with the strings showing at the back. Vladek's disguise was more convincing than Anja's—"you could see she was more Jewish", Vladek says. Spiegelman shows this Jewishness by having her tail hang out of her disguise. This literalization of the
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Vladek (1906–1982) is a Polish Jew who survived the Holocaust and then moved to the U.S. in the early 1950s. Speaking broken English, he is presented as intelligent and resourceful, pious and moral, but also egocentric, insensitive, neurotic, stubborn and sometimes absurdly miserly—traits that
1791:, a point of which the Jewish Spiegelman was unlikely to be ignorant. Critics such as Obst and Pekar have said that the portrayal of Poles is unbalanced—that, while some Poles are seen as helping Jews, they are often shown doing so for self-serving reasons. In the late 1990s, an objector to
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success was built. He is told by his psychiatrist that his father feels guilt for having survived and for outliving his first son, and that some of Art's guilt may spring from painting his father in such an unflattering way. As he had not lived in the camps himself, he finds it difficult to
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movement that had flourished in the late 1960s and early 1970s also seemed moribund. The public perception of comic books was as adolescent power fantasies, inherently incapable of mature artistic or literary expression. Most discussion focused on comics as a genre rather than as a medium.
573:. Spiegelman followed up with extensive research, reading survivors' accounts and talking to friends and family who had also survived. He got detailed information about Sosnowiec from a series of Polish pamphlets published after the war which detailed what happened to the Jews by region.
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along with early American animated films, abundant with racial caricatures. Spiegelman derived the mouse as symbol for the Jew from Nazi propaganda, emphasized in a quote from a German newspaper in the 1930s that prefaces the second volume: "Mickey Mouse is the most miserable idea ever
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Spiegelman started taking down his interviews with Vladek on paper, but quickly switched to a tape recorder, face-to-face or over the phone. Spiegelman often condensed Vladek's words, and occasionally added to the dialogue or synthesized multiple retellings into a single portrayal.
661:. The term was used partly to rise above the low cultural status that comics had in the English-speaking world, and partly because the term "comic book" was being used to refer to short-form periodicals, leaving no accepted vocabulary with which to talk about book-form comics.
389:—the process by which prisoners were selected for further labor or execution. Despite the danger, Anja and Vladek exchange occasional messages. As the war progresses and the German front is pushed back, the prisoners are marched from Auschwitz in occupied Poland to
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approach and settled on a linear narrative he thought would be better at "getting things across". He strove to present how the book was recorded and organized as an integral part of the book itself, expressing the "sense of an interview shaped by a relationship".
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As an adult, Art visits his father, from whom he has become estranged. Vladek has remarried a woman named Mala since the suicide of Art's mother Anja in 1968. Art asks Vladek to recount his Holocaust experiences. Vladek tells of his time in the Polish city of
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A three-page strip also called "Maus" that he made in 1972 gave Spiegelman an opportunity to interview his father about his life during World War II. The recorded interviews became the basis for the book, which Spiegelman began in 1978. He serialized
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Art tried to keep his father's story chronological, because otherwise he would "never keep it straight". His mother Anja's memories are conspicuously absent from the narrative, given her suicide and Vladek's destruction of her diaries. Hirsch sees
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Spiegelman's work as cartoonist and editor had long been known and respected in the comics community, but the media attention after the first volume's publication in 1986 was unexpected. Hundreds of overwhelmingly positive reviews appeared, and
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In making people of each ethnicity look alike, Spiegelman hoped to show the absurdity of dividing people along such lines. Spiegelman has stated that "these metaphors ... are meant to self-destruct" and "reveal the insanity of the notion
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objected that the animal metaphor was "doubly dehumanizing", reinforcing the Nazi belief that the atrocities were perpetrated by one species on another, when they were actually done by humans against humans. Comics writer and critic
481:(born 1955) is married to Art. She is French and converted to Judaism to please Art's father. Spiegelman struggles with whether he should present her as a Jewish mouse, a French frog, or some other animal—in the end, he uses a mouse.
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Spiegelman incorporates and highlights banal details from his father's tales, sometimes humorous or ironic, giving a lightness and humanity to the story which "helps carry the weight of the unbearable historical realities".
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Spiegelman, like many of his critics, has expressed concern that "eality is too much for comics ... so much has to be left out or distorted", admitting that his presentation of the story may not be accurate. He takes a
200:. Much of the story revolves around Spiegelman's troubled relationship with his father and the absence of his mother, who died by suicide when Spiegelman was 20. Her grief-stricken husband destroyed her written accounts of
1036:"feeds on itself", telling the story of how the story was made. It examines the choices Spiegelman made in the retelling of his father's memories, and the artistic choices he had to make. For example, when his French wife
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s offices. Bikont's response was to don a pig mask and wave to the protesters from the office windows. The magazine-sized Japanese translation was the only authorized edition with larger pages. Long-standing plans for an
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1663:, and schools have frequently used it as course material in a range of fields, including literature, history, dysfunctional family psychology, language arts, and social studies. The volume of academic work published on
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Mala (1917–2007) is Vladek's second wife. Vladek makes her feel that she can never live up to Anja. Though she too is a survivor and speaks with Art throughout the book, Art makes no attempt to learn of her Holocaust
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held the No. 1 and No. 2 ranks on Amazon at different times during the day, and also appeared as a best seller on Barnes & Noble's top 100 list and Bookshop's index of best-selling books. Student activist group
352:. The remnants of Vladek and Anja's family are taken away. Srodula is cleared of its Jews, except for a group Vladek hides with in another bunker. When the Germans depart, the group splits up and leaves the ghetto.
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or not they had novelistic qualities. He suspected the term's use was an attempt to validate the comics form, rather than to describe the content of the books. Spiegelman later came to accept the term, and with
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magazines Art contributed to. Mala had tried to hide it, but Vladek finds and reads it. In "Prisoner on the Hell Planet", Art is traumatized by his mother's suicide three months after his release from the
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The book portrays humans with the heads and tails of different species of animals; Jews are drawn as mice and other Germans and Poles as cats and pigs, among others. Spiegelman took advantage of the way
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as it was deemed the easiest spelling for English speakers to pronounce correctly. The German version of his name was "Wilhelm" (or "Wolf" for short), and he became William when he moved to the U.S.
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at seventh place on their list of best non-fiction books from between 1923 and 2005, and fourth on their list of top graphic novels. Praise for the book also came from contemporaries such as
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members chasing African-American mice. Instead, he turned to the Holocaust and depicted Nazi cats persecuting Jewish mice in a strip he titled "Maus". The tale was narrated to a mouse named "
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in place of his original police hat, but appended a note to the volume voicing his objection to this "intrusion". This version of the first volume appeared in 1990 from the publishing house
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and not die in the gas chamber. In Srodula, many Jews build bunkers to hide from the Germans. Vladek's bunker is discovered and he is placed into a "ghetto inside the ghetto" surrounded by
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had been translated into about 30 languages. Three translations were particularly important to Spiegelman: French, as his wife was French, and because of his respect for the sophisticated
555:, which inspired other underground cartoonists to produce more personal and revealing work. The same year, Green asked Spiegelman to contribute a three-page strip for the first issue of
829:. It also has interviews with Spiegelman's wife and children, sketches, photographs, family trees, assorted artwork, and a DVD with video, audio, photos, and an interactive version of
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to live with an aunt, somewhere they believed he would be safer than he was with them. He did not survive. Richieu is portrayed as an ideal child whom Art can never hope to live up to.
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1000:. It had an indifferent or negative reception, and the publisher did not release the second volume. Another Israeli publisher put out both volumes, with a new translation by poet
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Spiegelman parodies the Nazis' vision of racial divisions; Vladek's racism is also put on display when he becomes upset that Françoise would pick up a black hitchhiker, a "
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have been a staple of comics, and while they have a traditional reputation as children's fare, the underground had long made use of them in adult stories, for example in
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1677:, which deals with the problems Spiegelman faced in presenting his father's story. Marianne Hirsch wrote an influential essay on post-memory entitled "Family Pictures:
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neighborhood of Queens in New York City in 1978–79. The story Vladek tells unfolds in the narrative past, which begins in the mid-1930s, and continues until the end of
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after giving birth to their first son Richieu, and the couple go to a sanitarium in Nazi-occupied Czechoslovakia for her to recover. After they return, political and
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1858:, a remix of Spiegelman's book but with all animal heads replaced with cat heads. The book reproduced every page and line of dialogue from the French translation of
811:, a collection which contained the original comics, Vladek's taped transcripts, filmed interviews, sketches, and other background material. The CD-ROM was based on
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who run the camps are Poles, and Anja and Vladek are tricked by Polish smugglers into the hands of the Nazis. Anja and Vladek hear stories that Poles continue to
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The Germans are depicted with little difference between them, but there is great variety among the Poles and Jews who dominate the story. Sometimes Jews and the
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me, Mommy, and left me here to take the rap!" Though it brings back painful memories, Vladek admits that dealing with the issue in such a way was for the best.
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hitchhiker, whom he fears will rob them. He shows little insight into his own racist comments about others in comparison to his treatment during the Holocaust.
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to stay with an aunt for safety. As more Jews are sent from the ghettos to Auschwitz, the aunt poisons herself, her children and Richieu to death to escape the
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1339:. It was reproduced at the same size it was drawn, unlike his other work, which was usually drawn larger and shrunk down, which hides defects in the art.
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that begins in 1978 in New York City, Spiegelman talks with his father Vladek about his Holocaust experiences, gathering material and information for the
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Spiegelman rendered the original three-page "Maus" and "Prisoner on the Hell Planet" in highly detailed, expressive styles. Spiegelman planned to draw
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Pustz, Matthew J (2007). "I Gave It All Up to Draw Comics: Autobiographical (And Other) Tales About Creating Comic Books". In Klaehn, Jeffery (ed.).
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Françoise is a mouse because of her identification with her husband, who identifies with the Holocaust victims. When asked what animal he would make
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According to writer Arie Kaplan, some Holocaust survivors objected to Spiegelman making a comic book out of their tragedy. Literary critics such as
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from the curriculum over concerns including profanity, violence, and nudity. The decision led to a backlash and attracted attention the day before
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fairly directly", and praised Gray's work for using a cartoon-based storytelling vocabulary, rather than an illustration-based one. Justin Green's
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in part as an attempt to reconstruct her memory. Vladek keeps her memory alive with the pictures on his desk, "like a shrine", according to Mala.
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translation have yet to come to fruition. A Russian law passed in December 2014 prohibiting the display of Nazi propaganda led to the removal of
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in broken English, "Friends? Your friends? If you lock them together in a room with no food for a week, then you could see what it is, friends!"
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became the center of new attention focused on comics. It was considered one of the "Big Three" book-form comics from around 1986–87, along with
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Complete Biographical Encyclopedia of Pulitzer Prize Winners, 1917–2000: Journalists, Writers and Composers on Their Ways to the Coveted Awards
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tended to be approached as Holocaust history or from a film or literary perspective. In 2003, Deborah Geis edited a collection of essays on
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proved difficult to classify to a genre, and has been called biography, fiction, autobiography, history, and memoir. Spiegelman petitioned
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825:, with further background material, including filmed footage of Vladek. The centerpiece of the book is a Spiegelman interview conducted by
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Spiegelman shows numerous instances of Poles who risked themselves to aid Jews, and also shows antisemitism as being rife among them. The
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as a small insert; a new chapter appeared in each issue until the magazine came to an end in 1991. Every chapter but the last appeared in
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Schuldiner, Michael (2011). "The Second-Generation Holocaust Nonsurvivor: Third-Degree Metalepsis and Creative Block in Art Spiegelman's
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to become a manufacturer. Vladek begs Art not to include this in the book and Art reluctantly agrees. Anja suffers a breakdown due to
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4613:"A Tennessee school board removed the graphic novel 'Maus', about the Holocaust, from curriculum due to language and nudity concerns"
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Spiegelman worried about the effect that his organizing of Vladek's story would have on its authenticity. In the end, he eschewed a
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Spiegelman (now in human form, with a strapped-on mouse mask) atop a pile of corpses—the corpses of the six million Jews upon whom
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Spelled "Rysio" in Polish. "Richieu" is Spiegelman's misspelling, as he had not previously seen his brother's name written down.
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Spiegelman has published articles promoting a greater knowledge of his medium's history. Chief among his early influences were
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were big business with a diversity of genres in the 1940s and 1950s, but had reached a low ebb by the late 1970s. By the time
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did not want him to know about it. She killed herself by slitting her wrists in a bathtub in May 1968 and left no suicide note.
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as memoir, biography, history, fiction, autobiography, or a mix of genres. In 1992 it became the first graphic novel to win a
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510:. Shortly after he got out, his mother died by suicide. Spiegelman's father was not happy with his son's involvement in the
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was one of the first books in graphic novel format to receive significant academic attention in the English-speaking world.
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due to the swastika appearing on the book's cover. Now the book is widely available again, with a slightly modified cover.
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techniques, and represents Jews as mice and other Germans and Poles as cats and pigs respectively. Critics have classified
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Commentators such as Peter Obst and Lawrence Weschler expressed concern over the Poles' depiction as pigs, which reviewer
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815:, a Macintosh and Apple IIGS application that has since become obsolete. In 2011 Pantheon Books published a companion to
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book of quotations, and dedicated it to his mother. He spent the rest of the 1970s building his reputation making short
313:"Prisoner on the Hell Planet" (1973), an early, expressionistic strip about Spiegelman's mother's suicide, reprinted in
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Russell, Vanessa (2008). "The Mild-Mannered Reporter: How Clark Kent Surpassed Superman". In Ndalianis, Angela (ed.).
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Spiegelman became a key figure in the underground comix movement of the 1970s, both as cartoonist and editor. In 1972
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4804:"Tennessee school board bans Holocaust graphic novel 'Maus' – author Art Spiegelman condemns the move as 'Orwellian'"
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understanding of the relationship between the German "cats" and Jewish "mice", or the notion that there is something
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Born Itzhak Avraham ben Zev; his name was changed to Arthur Isadore when he immigrated with his parents to the U.S.
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project he is preparing. In the narrative past, Spiegelman depicts these experiences, from the years leading up to
7504:
376:: "Every word is like an unnecessary stain on silence and nothingness", but then realizes, "on the other hand, he
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Born Andzia Zylberberg, with the Hebrew name Hannah. Her name became Anna when she and Vladek arrived in the U.S.
503:
8339:
8285:
Form, Function, Fiction: Text and Image in the Comics Narratives of Winsor McCay, Art Spiegelman, and Chris Ware
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466:
Richieu Spiegelman (1937–1943) is Vladek and Anja's first-born son. During the war, Vladek and Anja sent him to
6361:
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1502:
to move it from "fiction" to "non-fiction" on the newspaper's bestseller list, saying, "I shudder to think how
980:. Based on Vladek's memory, Spiegelman portrayed one of the minor characters as a member of the Nazi-installed
390:
204:. The book uses a minimalist drawing style and displays innovation in its pacing, structure, and page layouts.
7172:
McGlothlin, Erin Heather (May 2003). "No Time Like the Present: Narrative and Time in Art Spiegelman's Maus".
7047:"Considering MAUS. Approaches to Art Spiegelman's "Survivor's Tale" of the Holocaust by Deborah R. Geis (ed.)"
1290:
Spiegelman blurs the line between the frame and the world, such as when neurotically trying to deal with what
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insult it was. Publishers and commentators refused to deal with the book for fear of protests and boycotts.
502:
Spiegelman developed an interest in comics early and began drawing professionally at 16. He spent a month in
158:
4743:"États-Unis: jugé "vulgaire et inapproprié", "Maus", le roman graphique sur l'Holocauste, banni d'une école"
1379:". Though he acknowledged Eisner's early work as an influence, he denied that Eisner's first graphic novel,
383:
Vladek tells of his hardship in the camps, of starvation and abuse, of his resourcefulness, of avoiding the
9491:
9486:
9371:
8519:
8034:
7936:
7008:
Chute, Hillary (Summer 2006). ""The Shadow of a past Time": History and Graphic Representation in "Maus"".
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6169:
4875:"'Maus' is an Amazon bestseller after Tennessee school ban – author Art Spiegelman compares board to Putin"
2252:
1904:
1409:(1972) inspired Spiegelman to include autobiographical elements in his comics. Spiegelman stated, "without
1106:, Spiegelman's life is "dominated by memories that are not his own". His work is one not of memory but of
754:. Spiegelman was relieved that the book's publication preceded the theatrical release of the animated film
581:
357:
201:
7559:
6187:
McGlothlin, Erin Heather (2006). "'In Auschwitz We Didn't Wear Watches': Marking Time in Art Spiegelman's
340:
to Srodula and march them back to Sosnowiec to work. The family splits up—Vladek and Anja send Richieu to
9366:
8265:
7957:
5928:
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1952:
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councils are shown complying with the occupiers; some trick other Jews into capture, while others act as
1048:
depicted Jews as vermin, though he was first struck by the metaphor after attending a presentation where
918:
157:, serialized from 1980 to 1991. It depicts Spiegelman interviewing his father about his experiences as a
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at seventh place on their list of "The New Classics: Books – The 100 Best Reads from 1983 to 2008", and
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875:, Spiegelman refused to "compromise with fascism" by allowing publication of his work in South Africa.
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The book found a large audience, partly because of its distribution through bookstores rather than the
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909:. Poland was the setting for most of the book, and Polish was the language of his parents and his own
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7385:
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6386:
6265:
6084:
5946:
Kannenberg, Gene Jr. (2001). "'I Looked Just Like Rudolph Valentino': Identity and Representation in
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it damaged their already-strained relationship "beyond repair". Around this time, Spiegelman read in
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Hays, Matthew (October 8, 2011). "Of Maus and man: Art Spiegelman revisits his Holocaust classic".
7390:
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1947:
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Why Harry Met Sally: Subversive Jewishness, Anglo-Christian Power, and the Rhetoric of Modern Love
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8974:
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6685:
6658:
6547:
6198:
1460:
1040:, Spiegelman's character frets over whether to depict her as a frog, a mouse, or another animal.
864:
7803:
8819:
8489:
6872:
Young, James E. (2006). "The Arts of Jewish Memory in a Postmodern Age". In Rüsen, Jörn (ed.).
5859:
5849:
5533:
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1867:
592:#1 about his mother's suicide called "Prisoner on the Hell Planet". The same year, he edited a
372:
their stories, "maybe it's better not to have any more stories". Art replies with a quote from
8887:
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1638:
rising to No. 1. On January 30, 2022, it was the No. 1 overall for books. On January 31,
1472:
intended praise when saying of the book, "Art Spiegelman doesn't draw comic books". After its
537:
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8302:
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5845:
4724:"Maus banned in Tennessee: Tennessee school board bans Holocaust-themed graphic novel 'Maus'"
2015:
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279:
214:
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35:
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Tan, Ed (2001). "The Telling Face in Comic Strip and Graphic Novel". In Baetens, Jan (ed.).
6285:
Ethical Diversions: The Post-Holocaust Narratives of Pynchon, Abish, DeLillo, and Spiegelman
4923:"'Maus' Hits No. 1 On Amazon Best Sellers List After Being Banned By Tennessee School Board"
1772:
s] moral underpinnings", and played "directly into [the Nazis'] racist vision".
1510:
eventually acquiesced. The Pulitzer committee sidestepped the issue by giving the completed
320:
During one of Art's visits, he finds that a friend of Mala's has sent the couple one of the
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Comic Books as History: The Narrative Art of Jack Jackson, Art Spiegelman, and Harvey Pekar
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who were familiar with comics, largely because of the lack of an academic comics tradition—
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4776:"Tennessee school board's removal of Holocaust book 'Maus' draws international attention"
4661:"Tennessee school board's removal of Holocaust book 'Maus' draws international attention"
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understand or visualize this "separate universe", and feels inadequate in portraying it.
1119:
966:
657:
617:
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7335:
6949:
6544:
Unfinalized Moments: Essays in the Development of Contemporary Jewish American Narrative
6429:
Migrations of Memory: Postmemory in Twentieth Century Ethnic American Women's Literature
5311:
696:
Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the
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6781:
6728:
5796:
5734:
Fathers, Michael (2007). "Art Mimics Life in the Death Camps". In Witek, Joseph (ed.).
5553:
4706:"Defense of 'Maus' erupts online after McMinn County schools remove it from curriculum"
4688:"Defense of 'Maus' erupts online after McMinn County schools remove it from curriculum"
1644:
1526:
1435:
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303:
291:
185:
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greatly annoy his family. He displays racist attitudes, as when Françoise picks up an
309:
219:
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8324:
8292:
8269:
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Surridge, Matthew (July 2001). "When Extravagant Fantasies Become Drab Experiences".
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7129:
7099:
7054:
7037:
6996:
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6881:
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Wood, Monica (1997). "Maus: A Survivor's Tale, Volumes I and II, by Art Spiegelman".
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4583:"What we know about the removal of Holocaust book 'Maus' by a Tennessee school board"
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637:
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321:
255:
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5900:
Horowitz, Sara R. (1997). "Art Spiegelman". In Shatzky, Joel; Taub, Michael (eds.).
5227:
5183:
4974:"Youth-Led Group To Give Out Hundreds Of Copies Of 'Beloved,' 'Maus' Amid Book Bans"
4960:"'Maus' is back on best seller lists after its ban from a Tennessee school district"
218:, an avant-garde comics and graphics magazine published by Spiegelman and his wife,
9177:
9044:
8945:
8791:
8687:
8262:
Considering Maus: Approaches to Art Spiegelman's "Survivor's tale" of the Holocaust
8055:
7531:
7339:
7252:
7243:
7181:
7017:
6988:
6953:
6334:
6019:
Baym, Nina; Klinkowitz, Jerome; Krupat, Arnold; Wallace, Patricia B., eds. (2007).
5503:
Abell, Catharine (2012). "Comics and Genre". In Meskin, Aaron; Cook, Roy T (eds.).
4941:"Explained: Why Pulitzer Prize-winning novel 'Maus' topped Amazon best-seller list"
2939:
2242:
1810:
seems to gloss over the racial inequality that has plagued the history of the U.S.
1686:
1667:
far surpasses that of any other work of comics. One of the earliest such works was
1631:
1336:
1331:
Spiegelman wanted the artwork to have a diary feel to it, and so drew the pages on
1070:
facial traits, while reminding readers that racist classification is ever present.
1018:
841:
761:
756:
507:
337:
31:
6081:
The Belated Witness: Literature, Testimony, and the Question of Holocaust Survival
3409:
2324:
area in which Vladek lived was controlled by Russia. This spelling was chosen for
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9228:
9194:
9031:
9011:
9004:
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8315:
8108:
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6833:
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6566:
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6192:
5756:
5664:
5616:
5579:
5527:
2347:
1999:
1588:
1548:
1364:
1103:
973:
958:
933:
906:
800:
295:
8433:"'Maus' author Art Spiegelman shares the story behind his Pulitzer-winning work"
8306:
7118:
Jannequin, Jean-Paul (April 1990). "Druillet and Spiegelman Take Grand Prizes".
1320:
Spiegelman found himself "violating the grid constantly" with his page layouts.
9309:
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9222:
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8763:
8756:
8749:
8657:
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8083:
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6735:
5415:
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1690:
1598:
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1426:
1422:
1356:
1352:
1316:
1244:
1214:
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795:
Pantheon collected the last five chapters in 1991 in a second volume subtitled
743:
527:
523:
373:
174:
154:
97:
71:
8420:
6448:
Sounds of Defiance: the Holocaust, Multilingualism, and the Problem of English
3238:
2765:
271:
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8932:
8699:
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7432:
7376:
7353:
7301:
7222:
7164:
7133:
7103:
7058:
7000:
6967:
6241:
Teaching Graphic Novels: Practical Strategies for the Secondary ELA Classroom
6194:
Second-Generation Holocaust Literature: Legacies of Survival and Perpetration
2234:
1752:
1557:
1261:
1239:
1053:
1029:
981:
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826:
776:
648:
625:
557:
259:
166:
162:
150:
5372:
5205:
3446:
3444:
1798:
s depiction of Poles interrupted a presentation by Spiegelman at Montreal's
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9055:
9038:
8978:
8465:
7982:
7932:
7855:
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7309:
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5791:
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1826:
1762:
1757:
1737:
1257:
1087:
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1001:
927:
883:
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in the early 2000s to include "graphic novel" as a category in bookstores.
566:
562:
424:
287:
283:
193:
7256:
7185:
6992:
6166:
Against the Unspeakable: Complicity, the Holocaust, and Slavery in America
5327:
5078:
3506:
1836:
Scholar Paul Buhle asserted: "More than a few readers have described [
878:
8960:
8428:
7452:
Wizard staff (June 2009). "100 Greatest Graphic Novels of our Lifetime".
7203:"Memory in Comics: Testimonial, Autobiographical and Historical Space in
3441:
1561:
1390:
1368:
652:
601:
597:
593:
349:
254:
of the narrative present, Spiegelman interviews his father Vladek in the
251:
181:
9502:
Harvey Award winners for Best Graphic Album of Previously Published Work
9387:
AngoulĂŞme International Comics Festival Best Foreign Album award winners
8395:
was created from a revision of this article dated 23 June 2005
7202:
7029:
6705:
Testimony After Catastrophe: Narrating the Traumas of Political Violence
1783:
called "a calculated insult". Jewish culture views pigs and pork as non-
1487:
605:
comics and graphics magazine he and his wife Mouly began in 1980 called
274:
and how he came to marry into Anja's wealthy family in 1937 and move to
54:
9153:
9147:
8861:
8596:
8564:
8344:
7851:"Art Spiegelman warns of 'dangerous' outcome as Russian shops ban Maus"
7142:
5602:
4502:
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3529:
1818:
1776:
1580:
1503:
1332:
1273:
1049:
989:
515:
491:
420:
7505:"After a Quarter-Century, an Author Looks Back at His Holocaust Comic"
4334:
3666:
3222:
226:. A collected volume of the first six chapters that appeared in 1986,
9258:
9159:
9024:
8833:
8603:
7344:
7313:
6958:
6927:
6288:
5955:
4474:
4394:
3513:
1627:
1615:
1284:
1247:, similar to those shown here, conflicted with readers' expectations.
1218:
1207:
to the English word "mouse", and also reminiscent of the German verb
1083:
872:
812:
697:
633:
629:
576:
467:
341:
275:
3596:
2662:
2130:
Maus: un survivant raconte - Et c'est là que mes ennuis ont commencé
1747:
s use of animals, and the negative depiction of Spiegelman's father.
1213:, which means "to speak like a Jew" and refers to the way Jews from
8984:
8031:"All Past National Book Critics Circle Award Winners and Finalists"
6594:: Recalling the Genocide Through Cartoon". In Witek, Joseph (ed.).
6311:
6104:
Trespassing Through Shadows: Memory, Photography, and the Holocaust
5716:
4830:"School Board in Tennessee Bans Teaching of Holocaust Novel 'Maus'"
4635:"Tennessee school board bans Holocaust-themed graphic novel 'Maus'"
2610:
1765:
argued that Spiegelman's animal metaphor threatened "to erode [
1715:: Approaches to Art Spiegelman's "Survivor's Tale" of the Holocaust
1603:
1530:
called it the fourth greatest comics work of the 20th century, and
1454:
1164:
985:
914:
821:
9345:
8340:"Past and Present: How Maus changed the way we think about comics"
8028:
6308:
Comics, Manga, and Graphic Novels: A History of Graphic Narratives
5421:
5321:
5106:
3789:
3301:
3285:
2988:
2229:
8504:
7482:
7239:"Art Spiegelman's Maus: A Survivor's Tale: A Bibliographic Essay"
6568:
Haunting Legacies: Violent Histories and Transgenerational Trauma
5925:
The Holocaust of Texts: Genocide, Literature, and Personification
5902:
Contemporary Jewish-American Novelists: A Bio-Critical Sourcebook
5427:
4851:
4638:
4378:
2851:
2849:
2820:
2818:
2470:
1813:
Scholar Bart Beaty disagrees with claims from other critics that
1784:
1476:
win, it won greater acceptance and interest among academics. The
1430:
1303:
1280:
1204:
1075:
889:
set up a publishing house in 2001 to publish a Polish edition of
519:
514:
subculture. Spiegelman said that when he bought himself a German
345:
6356:, and Representations of the Holocaust". In Baetens, Jan (ed.).
5711:
Fagan, Bryan D.; Fagan, Jody Condit (2011). "Medium or Genre?".
5555:
Comics and the City: Urban Space in Print, Picture, and Sequence
5451:
5439:
4458:
3393:
2564:
2363:
1866:, had the Belgian publisher destroy all copies under charges of
1681:, Mourning, and Post-Memory", later expanded into a book called
674:
8917:
6654:
The Oxford Companion to Twentieth-Century Literature in English
5122:
4149:
4147:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2424:
993:
808:
732:
Spiegelman struggled to find a publisher for a book edition of
511:
398:
302:, and he is dropped off on the other side of the border in the
5403:
5001:"Students protest book bans by distributing 'Maus,' 'Beloved'"
3329:
2846:
2815:
1732:
1651:
and other challenged books to students in Texas and Virginia.
1536:
placed it first on their list of 100 Greatest Graphic Novels.
6755:
The Rise of the American Comics Artist: Creators and Contexts
6131:
The Rise of the American Comics Artist: Creators and Contexts
5475:
5360:
3475:
1468:
showed a reluctance to include comics in literary discourse.
1227:
852:: "The Jews are undoubtedly a race, but they are not human".
6783:
Call It English: The Languages of Jewish American Literature
6730:
Faster than a Speeding Bullet: The Rise of the Graphic Novel
5250:
5248:
4350:
4144:
4006:
2738:
2736:
2421:
1659:
A cottage industry of academic research has built up around
306:. He sneaks across the border and reunites with his family.
250:
Most of the book weaves in and out of two timelines. In the
8004:"Balloonless | Art Spiegelman and Hillary Chute's MetaMaus"
6379:
Reizbaum, Marilyn (2000). Silberstein, Laurence Jay (ed.).
6018:
5350:
5211:
5018:
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4562:
3945:
3933:
3641:
3639:
3557:
3099:
2830:
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2803:
1802:
with persistent abuse and was removed from the auditorium.
1725:, and studies of it have made significant contributions to
760:
by three months, as he believed that the film, produced by
490:
Art Spiegelman was born on February 15, 1948, in Sweden to
7904:"Urhunden: Satir och iransk kvinnoskildring fĂĄr seriepris"
7818:
7766:
7527:"Art Spiegelman's Genre-Defying Holocaust Work, Revisited"
6835:
Reading Comics: How Graphic Novels Work and What They Mean
6471:
Traumatic Realism: The Demands of Holocaust Representation
6352:
Reibmann, James E. (2001). "Fredric Wertham, Spiegelman's
5581:
Picturing the Beast: Animals, Identity, and Representation
5393:
5391:
5193:
4508:
4258:
3574:
3572:
3263:
3261:
2976:
2905:
2903:
2678:
1587:
is cited as a primary influence on graphic novels such as
329:, and in the end depicts himself behind bars saying, "You
294:. Vladek is captured at the front and forced to work as a
232:, brought the book mainstream attention; a second volume,
7752:
5275:
5245:
4490:
4234:
4132:
3885:
3873:
3861:
3849:
3545:
3487:
3195:
3183:
3009:
3007:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2733:
2650:
2515:
2513:
1583:
to "try to do comics that had a 'serious' tone to them".
863:
obtained the rights to publish the initial volume in the
367:
The story jumps to 1986, after the first six chapters of
9327:* indicates award given to widow in year after his death
8241:
and the Graphic Narrative". In Ryan, Marie-Laure (ed.).
4045:
4035:
4033:
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3755:
3753:
3636:
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3024:
3022:
2800:
2790:
2788:
2721:
2585:
2583:
2525:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2382:
8785:
Breakdowns: Portrait of the Artist as a Young %@*!
7413:"Imagetext, or, Why Art Spiegelman Doesn't Draw Comics"
6855:
12 Multicultural Novels: Reading and Teacher Strategies
5388:
5233:
4366:
4322:
4159:
4057:
3921:
3714:
3656:
3654:
3569:
3357:
3258:
3159:
3043:
3041:
3039:
2900:
2638:
1986:
Maus: un survivant raconte - Mon père saigne l'histoire
397:, where the hardships only increase and Vladek catches
364:
herself. Art is enraged and calls Vladek a "murderer".
5618:
The Comics of Chris Ware: Drawing Is a Way of Thinking
5162:
5150:
5066:
5030:
4893:"Sales soar for 'Maus' after its banning in Tennessee"
4848:"Sales soar for 'Maus' after its banning in Tennessee"
4538:
4246:
4122:
4120:
3465:
3463:
3345:
3137:
3135:
3060:
3058:
3056:
3004:
2890:
2888:
2748:
2510:
2460:
2458:
624:
began serialization, the "Big Two" comics publishers,
9334:
8243:
Narrative Across Media: The Languages of Storytelling
5879:
Family Frames: Photography, Narrative, and Postmemory
5666:
Graphic Women: Life Narrative and Contemporary Comics
5299:
5287:
5265:
5263:
5228:
Obst & , "A Commentary on Maus by Art Spiegelman"
5184:
Obst & , "A Commentary on Maus by Art Spiegelman"
5054:
5042:
4757:"US school board bans Holocaust graphic novel 'Maus'"
4526:
4270:
4224:
4222:
4207:
4195:
4171:
4105:
4093:
4081:
4030:
4018:
3969:
3957:
3909:
3897:
3837:
3777:
3750:
3369:
3317:
3273:
3171:
3070:
3019:
2785:
2711:
2709:
2694:
2600:
2598:
2580:
2542:
2540:
2379:
2206:
2088:
Best Graphic Album of Previously Published Material (
1683:
Family Frames: Photography, Narrative, and Postmemory
655:
popularized the term with the publication in 1978 of
530:. The discussions in those fanzines about making the
9482:
Eisner Award winners for Best Graphic Album: Reprint
8077:
7623:
6045:"'Twas the Night Before Christmas: Art Spiegelman's
5463:
5433:
5337:
5138:
4550:
4422:
4282:
4183:
4069:
3765:
3738:
3651:
3212:
3210:
3122:
3120:
3118:
3116:
3114:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3036:
2915:
2873:
2552:
2445:
2443:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2405:
2403:
1685:. Academics far outside the field of comics such as
1647:
then announced plans in February 2022 to distribute
1181:
drive off and even kill returning Jews after the war
1065:
genocidal stereotypes that drove the Nazis to their
905:
tradition; German, given the book's background; and
746:
published the first six chapters in a volume called
8214:Banita, Georgiana; Konstantinou, Lee, eds. (2023).
7926:
7793:
7749:"'MetaMaus': The Story Behind Spiegelman's Classic"
5851:
In the Studio: Visits With Contemporary Cartoonists
5764:Fischer, Heinz Dietrich; Fischer, Erika J. (2002).
5457:
5445:
4514:
4117:
3612:
3460:
3429:
3132:
3053:
2966:
2964:
2962:
2927:
2885:
2626:
2498:
2455:
9125:American Heritage Picture History of the Civil War
8245:. University of Nebraska Press. pp. 180–193.
8213:
6780:
6727:
6646:
6043:
5795:
5552:
5260:
4219:
3702:
3584:
3381:
2861:
2706:
2595:
2537:
1564:. Spiegelman turned down numerous offers to have
1192:English, which became his daily language when he
788:publisher Chris Oliveros successfully lobbied the
779:comic shops where comic books were normally sold.
541:From the original, more detailed 1972 "Maus" strip
30:This article is about the book. For the tank, see
8423:. BBC Archive. April 1, 1992 – via YouTube.
7767:The Daily Free Press staff (September 28, 2000).
7729:
7706:"Times Book Prizes 1992 : Fiction : On
5642:After the End: Representations of Post-Apocalypse
5409:
5094:
3726:
3207:
3111:
3082:
2486:
2440:
2400:
721:appeared in December 1980 in the second issue of
9358:
8441:Audio and transcript excerpt from 1987 interview
8317:Maus: A Memoir of the Holocaust: Teacher's Guide
8166:
8145:
7657:"Conversational Euro-Comics: Bart Beaty On Katz"
5481:
5378:
5366:
3147:
2959:
360:, where they are separated until after the war.
8216:Artful Breakdowns: The Comics of Art Spiegelman
5923:Hungerford, Amy (2003). "Surviving Rego Park".
5798:The Art of the Comic Book: An Aesthetic History
2125:AngoulĂŞme International Comics Festival Awards
356:train (as Hungary is invaded) and take them to
8729:
8421:"1992: Art Spiegelman on the CREATION of MAUS"
6622:Spiegelman, Art (2011). Chute, Hillary (ed.).
6152:Mandel, Naomi (2006). "The Story of my Death:
5763:
5550:
4484:
4312:
2982:
1977:AngoulĂŞme International Comics Festival Awards
1524:ranked highly on comics and literature lists.
988:descendant objected and threatened to sue for
949:s publication and burned the book in front of
919:laws prohibiting the display of Nazi symbolism
840:to his brother Richieu and his first daughter
549:produced the semi-autobiographical comic book
8903:
8715:
8520:
8475:: Working Through the Trauma of the Holocaust
6752:
5529:Documentary Graphic Novels and Social Realism
4610:
4316:
938:, set up his own publishing house to publish
7451:
6775:
5998:From Krakow to Krypton: Jews and Comic Books
5975:Masters of the Comic Book Universe Revealed!
4574:
4496:
4012:
3423:
2292:pronounced similarly to and meaning "mouse".
1849:
1417:". Among the graphic artists who influenced
1315:The story is text-driven, with few wordless
1208:
931:
855:
384:
238:, collected the remaining chapters in 1991.
8919:Pulitzer Prize Special Citations and Awards
8029:National Book Critics Circle staff (2012).
7417:ImageTexT: Interdisciplinary Comics Studies
6218:The Art of Comics: A Philosophical Approach
6129:". In Williams, Paul; Lyons, James (eds.).
6125:Loman, Andrew (2010). "The Canonization of
6021:The Norton Anthology of American Literature
5687:
5615:Ball, David M.; Kuhlman, Martha B. (2010).
5614:
5605:(September 10, 1987). "Paws and Whiskers".
5505:The Art of Comics: A Philosophical Approach
4628:
4626:
4568:
3232:
3201:
3189:
1781:The Norton Anthology of American Literature
1697:took part in the discourse. Few approached
942:in Polish in 2001. Demonstrators protested
8910:
8896:
8722:
8708:
8527:
8513:
8337:
8282:
7901:
7171:
7140:
6621:
6537:
6216:Meskin, Aaron; Cook, Roy T., eds. (2012).
6215:
6186:
5945:
5922:
5823:Alternative Comics: An Emerging Literature
5710:
5397:
5024:
4741:AFP, Sudouest fr avec (January 28, 2022).
4264:
4240:
4138:
3987:
3891:
3879:
3867:
3855:
3645:
3551:
3539:
3523:
3493:
3481:
3454:
3248:
3105:
2945:
2855:
2824:
2809:
2742:
2727:
2668:
2656:
2531:
2434:
298:. After his release, he finds Germany has
53:
8848:Jimmy Corrigan, the Smartest Kid on Earth
8126:"When Controversy Ralls the Comics World"
7343:
7117:
7080:"Jewish Fathers and Sons in Spiegelman's
6957:
6925:
6896:
5382:
3720:
1873:
992:. Spiegelman redrew the character with a
772:and wished to avoid comparisons with it.
588:In 1973, Spiegelman produced a strip for
8403:, and does not reflect subsequent edits.
8386:
8323:. Vancouver Holocaust Education Centre.
8237:Ewert, Jeanne (2004). "Art Spiegelman's
8001:
7951:
7875:
7475:
7383:
7360:
6644:
6468:
6378:
6351:
6305:
5899:
5820:
5694:Continuum International Publishing Group
5688:Duncan, Randy; Smith, Matthew J (2009).
5561:Continuum International Publishing Group
5305:
5239:
5187:
5084:
4623:
4532:
4468:
4344:
4308:
4153:
4051:
3992:. New York: Pantheon Books. p. 14.
3688:
3676:
3672:
3578:
3563:
3519:
3450:
3363:
3267:
3165:
2909:
2644:
2620:
2519:
1731:
1630:", and "daffily myopic". The ban led to
1486:
1346:
1238:
1017:
877:
575:
536:
336:In 1943, the Nazis move the Jews of the
308:
9557:Graphic novels set in the United States
8171:(in French). Tout en BD. Archived from
8150:(in French). Tout en BD. Archived from
8002:Mozzocco, J. Caleb (December 1, 2011).
7848:
7796:"Complete List of Eisner Award Winners"
7703:
7677:"Breakfast with the FT: Art Spiegelman"
7624:New York Times staff (March 11, 1987).
7601:
7580:Langer, Lawrence L (December 6, 1998).
7384:Weschler, Lawrence (July–August 2001).
6904:Arnold, Andrew D. (September 7, 2001).
6491:
6403:
6164:and the Image of the Speaking Corpse".
6041:
5843:
5733:
5469:
5422:National Book Critics Circle staff 2012
5322:National Book Critics Circle staff 2012
5088:
4606:
4604:
4404:
4372:
4340:
4063:
3951:
3939:
3927:
3469:
3403:
3375:
3351:
3335:
3228:
3013:
2994:
2775:
2759:
2480:
2394:
2373:
1936:/Joel H. Cavior Book Award for Fiction
1442:
1110:, a term she coined after encountering
1005:disparaged as "the diaspora sickness".
14:
9359:
8855:Julius Knipl, Real Estate Photographer
8313:
8187:
8097:
7976:
7579:
7502:
7200:
7141:Kannenberg, Gene Jr. (February 1999).
7077:
6926:Bolhafner, J. Stephen (October 1991).
6903:
6725:
6590:Smith, Graham (2007). "From Mickey to
6564:
6238:
6151:
6078:
5995:
5972:
5876:
5790:
5639:
5168:
5156:
5072:
5036:
4957:
4872:
4801:
4795:
4773:
4658:
4632:
4581:Guzman, Francisco (January 27, 2022).
4580:
4544:
4520:
4453:
4444:
4431:
4384:
4360:
4300:
4276:
4252:
4039:
4024:
3843:
3831:
3811:
3799:
3795:
3783:
3759:
3535:
3419:
3387:
3339:
3323:
3311:
3307:
3295:
3291:
3279:
3177:
3076:
3030:
2998:
2949:
2921:
2879:
2836:
2794:
2779:
2700:
2616:
2589:
2574:
2558:
2492:
2464:
2415:
2051:Special Awards and Citations – Letters
1671:'s 1988 "Of Mice and Memory" from the
1480:staged an exhibition on the making of
1406:Binky Brown Meets the Holy Virgin Mary
1359:were an early influence on Spiegelman.
965:from Russian bookstores leading up to
690:and the Mickey Mouse quote that opens
664:
552:Binky Brown Meets the Holy Virgin Mary
9512:Graphic novels about Jews and Judaism
8891:
8703:
8508:
8427:
8236:
8123:
8098:Silver, Alexandra (August 30, 2011).
7979:"High Art, Hit Movies and Manifestos"
7746:
7732:"Nominierungen/Preisträger seit 1984"
7654:
7626:"Awards for Books With Jewish Themes"
7410:
7308:
7278:
7044:
7007:
6974:
6874:Meaning and Representation in History
6871:
6805:
6753:Williams, Paul; Lyons, James (2010).
6702:
6589:
6514:
6494:The Contemporary Comic Book Superhero
6445:
6328:
6283:Orbán, Katalin (2005). "Mauschwitz".
6282:
6124:
5662:
5577:
5551:Ahrens, Jörn; Meteling, Arno (2010).
5525:
5502:
5349:Weekly newspaper founded in 1941, in
5333:
5317:
5293:
5281:
5269:
5254:
5223:
5199:
5144:
5132:
5128:
5116:
5112:
5060:
5048:
4998:
4885:
4866:
4827:
4698:
4556:
4436:
4417:
4400:
4388:
4356:
4328:
4304:
4288:
4228:
4213:
4201:
4189:
4177:
4165:
4111:
4099:
4087:
4075:
3975:
3963:
3915:
3903:
3819:
3815:
3744:
3696:
3660:
3630:
3618:
3606:
3602:
3435:
3415:
3252:
3244:
3216:
3141:
3126:
3093:
3064:
3047:
2953:
2894:
2771:
2672:
2632:
2570:
2504:
2476:
2369:
2287:
1833:about Germans killing Jewish people.
871:'s cultural boycott in opposition to
742:review of the serial in August 1986,
632:, dominated the industry with mostly
460:
408:
405:1982, before the book was completed.
212:from 1980 until 1991 as an insert in
9542:Race-related controversies in comics
8259:
7674:
7557:
7546:
7524:
7236:
6857:. Walch Publishing. pp. 81–94.
6852:
6828:
6426:
6257:
6101:
5713:Comic Book Collections for Libraries
5601:
5100:
4958:Andrew, Scottie (January 31, 2022).
4854:. Associated Press. January 28, 2022
4685:
4601:
4480:
4464:
4449:
4440:
4426:
4126:
3771:
3732:
3708:
3692:
3590:
3399:
3153:
2970:
2933:
2867:
2715:
2688:
2684:
2604:
2546:
2449:
1862:. The French publisher of the book,
1821:perspective. Rather, he argues that
921:. Reception in Germany was positive—
668:
429:
196:to his parents' liberation from the
8501:- a British Library sound recording
8338:Steinhauer, Jillian (May 3, 2023).
8064:American Council for Polish Culture
7952:Johnston, Ian (December 28, 2001).
7769:"Cartoonist Sued for $ 1.5 Million"
7704:Colbert, James (November 8, 1992).
7503:Garner, Dwight (October 12, 2011).
6679:
6406:Comic Books: How the Industry Works
4774:Wegner, Rachel (January 27, 2022).
4740:
4659:Wegner, Rachel (January 27, 2022).
3507:"Major russian bookshop "Bookvoed""
2840:
2034:National Book Critics Circle Award
1721:is considered an important work of
1610:In 2022, the board of trustees for
1335:with a fountain pen and typewriter
651:" was beginning to gain currency.
235:Maus II: And Here My Troubles Began
24:
8743:A.D.: New Orleans After the Deluge
8534:
8373:
8206:
8169:"Le festival BD: Le palmarès 1988"
8148:"Le festival BD: Le palmarès 1993"
7902:Hammarlund, Ola (August 8, 2007).
7849:Gambino, Lauren (April 28, 2015).
7602:McGrath, Charles (July 11, 2004).
7525:Franklin, Ruth (October 5, 2011).
7478:"Katz a-t-il défiguré Maus ?"
7476:Couvreur, Daniel (March 5, 2012).
6054:History and Memory After Auschwitz
4899:. January 28, 2022. Archived from
4633:Gorman, Steve (January 28, 2022).
4611:Chris Boyette (January 28, 2022).
1910:National Book Critics Circle Award
1074:story rather than their races—the
972:A few panels were changed for the
647:came to prominence when the term "
472:
451:
442:
25:
9573:
9527:Obscenity controversies in comics
9507:Books about Jewish Polish history
9377:American Book Award-winning works
8604:Lynd Ward: Six Novels in Woodcuts
8446:Art Spiegelman and the Making of
8354:
8188:Tzadka, Saul (February 2, 2012).
7977:Morman, Todd (January 29, 2003).
7800:San Diego Comic-Con International
7675:Blau, Rosie (November 29, 2008).
6542:". In Royal, Derek Parker (ed.).
4828:Gross, Jenny (January 27, 2022).
2265:Stereotypes of Jews in literature
413:
9344:
9113:The Defeat of the Spanish Armada
9061:
9054:
8385:
8100:"All-TIME 100 Nonfiction Books:
7237:Park, Hye Su (January 1, 2011).
6243:. Maupin House Publishing, Inc.
5343:
4992:
4966:
4951:
4933:
4915:
4873:Mangan, Dan (January 28, 2022).
4840:
4821:
4802:Mangan, Dan (January 26, 2022).
4767:
4749:
4734:
4716:
4679:
4652:
4410:
3981:
2228:
2216:
1568:adapted for film or television.
673:
612:
584:in 1979 as part of his research.
504:Binghamton State Mental Hospital
229:Maus I: My Father Bleeds History
124:Vol. 1 No. 2 – Vol. 2 No. 3
9472:Graphic novels set in the 1980s
9467:Graphic novels set in the 1970s
9462:Graphic novels set in the 1940s
9457:Graphic novels set in the 1930s
9392:Autobiographical graphic novels
8220:University of Mississippi Press
7954:"On Spiegelman's Maus I and II"
7876:Grossman, Lev (March 6, 2009).
7747:Conan, Neal (October 5, 2011).
6812:University Press of Mississippi
6759:University Press of Mississippi
6600:University Press of Mississippi
6331:Inside the World of Comic Books
6135:University Press of Mississippi
5827:University Press of Mississippi
5804:University Press of Mississippi
5740:University Press of Mississippi
5623:University Press of Mississippi
4509:Entertainment Weekly staff 2008
3499:
2340:
2331:
2313:
2304:
2295:
1013:
286:tensions build until Vladek is
27:Graphic novel by Art Spiegelman
9442:Comics set during World War II
8283:Kannenberg, Eugene P. (2002).
8260:Geis, Deborah R., ed. (2007).
8080:"Special Awards and Citations"
7558:Kois, Dan (December 2, 2011).
7078:Gordon, Andrew (Spring 2004).
5490:
2319:Born Zev Spiegelman, with the
2277:
688:The Past Hangs Over the Future
522:about such graphic artists as
13:
1:
9532:Pantheon Books graphic novels
9298:Graduate School of Journalism
9132:George Washington, Vols. I-IV
8124:Smith, Russ (July 30, 1999).
8078:Pulitzer Prize staff (2012).
7655:Beaty, Bart (March 7, 2012).
7468:
6709:Northwestern University Press
6645:Stringer, Jenny, ed. (1996).
6596:Art Spiegelman: Conversations
6517:Adult Comics: An Introduction
6475:University of Minnesota Press
6108:University of Minnesota Press
5736:Art Spiegelman: Conversations
5646:University of Minnesota Press
2357:
2031:National Book Critics Circle
1560:and literary writers such as
1342:
485:
393:within the Reich and then to
59:Cover of the first volume of
9552:Graphic novels set in Europe
9537:Pulitzer Prize-winning works
8035:National Book Critics Circle
7927:Harvey Awards staff (1992).
7794:Eisner Awards staff (2012).
7010:Twentieth Century Literature
6452:University of Nebraska Press
6446:Rosen, Alan Charles (2005).
6170:University of Virginia Press
2253:Ethnic stereotypes in comics
2068:Best Graphic Album—Reprint (
1905:National Book Critics Circle
1618:voted unanimously to remove
582:Auschwitz concentration camp
7:
9447:Comics set in New York City
9397:Biographical graphic novels
8266:University of Alabama Press
7958:Vancouver Island University
7929:"1992 Harvey Award Winners"
7647:
7486:(in French). Archived from
6258:Moss, Joshua Louis (2017).
6079:Levine, Michael G. (2006).
5929:University of Chicago Press
5586:Manchester University Press
2202:
2160:Awards and nominations for
1879:Awards and nominations for
1654:
1186:
867:in 1986. In support of the
245:
165:survivor. The work employs
10:
9578:
9522:Non-fiction graphic novels
9432:Comics about the Holocaust
9417:Comics about mice and rats
8827:In the Shadow of No Towers
8778:The Beauty Supply District
8731:Comics from Pantheon Books
8558:In the Shadow of No Towers
8486:Responses to the Holocaust
8454:November 28, 2015, at the
7730:Comic Salon staff (2012).
7582:"A Fable Of The Holocaust"
7022:10.1215/0041462X-2006-3001
6789:Princeton University Press
6469:Rothberg, Michael (2000).
6042:LaCapra, Dominick (1998).
6002:Jewish Publication Society
5950:". In Baetens, Jan (ed.).
5906:Greenwood Publishing Group
5821:Hatfield, Charles (2005).
4485:Fischer & Fischer 2002
4313:Ahrens & Meteling 2010
2983:Fischer & Fischer 2002
2191:National Jewish Book Award
1779:saw as an ethnic slur and
1385:(1978), had any impact on
1310:
797:And Here My Troubles Began
692:And Here my Troubles Began
29:
9422:Comics about Nazi Germany
9402:Books about the Holocaust
9325:
9280:
9187:
9070:
9052:
8925:
8737:
8674:
8635:
8581:
8542:
8480:January 20, 2018, at the
8289:University of Connecticut
8167:Tout en BD staff (1998).
8146:Tout en BD staff (1993).
7878:"Top Ten Graphic Novels:
7824:"The New Classics: Books"
6703:Weine, Stevan J. (2006).
6573:Columbia University Press
6565:Schwab, Gabriele (2010).
6404:Rhoades, Shirrel (2008).
6387:New York University Press
6382:Mapping Jewish Identities
6306:Petersen, Robert (2010).
6266:University of Texas Press
6085:Stanford University Press
5877:Hirsch, Marianne (1997).
5671:Columbia University Press
5663:Chute, Hillary L (2010).
5434:Pulitzer Prize staff 2012
5338:New York Times staff 1987
4430:For "autobiography", see
4423:New York Times staff 1987
4317:Williams & Lyons 2010
2181:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2139:
2121:
2099:
2079:
2059:
2041:
2027:
2011:
1995:
1972:
1943:
1929:American Jewish Committee
1919:
1900:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1854:produced a book entitled
1843:
1736:Comics writer and critic
1624:Holocaust Remembrance Day
1252:recognizably human ones.
1150:
1097:
1060:Jewish characters try to
1008:
917:appear on the cover, per
869:African National Congress
856:International publication
790:Book Industry Study Group
128:
120:
108:
103:
93:
85:
77:
67:
52:
45:
9517:McMinn County, Tennessee
9437:Comics by Art Spiegelman
8342:. Books & the Arts.
7734:(in German). Comic Salon
6985:Oral History Association
6726:Weiner, Stephen (2003).
6058:Cornell University Press
5883:Harvard University Press
5495:
5458:Harvey Awards staff 1992
5446:Eisner Awards staff 2012
3988:Spiegelman, Art (1997).
2270:
2110:Book Prize for Fiction (
1516:Special Award in Letters
1234:
1133:
1116:transgenerational trauma
752:My Father Bleeds History
534:in comics inspired him.
198:Nazi concentration camps
129:Date of publication
9497:Fictional mice and rats
9382:American graphic novels
8968:St. Louis Post-Dispatch
8314:Miller, Frieda (1998).
7822:staff (June 27, 2008).
7045:Frahm, Ole (May 2004).
6686:Leuven University Press
6659:Oxford University Press
6548:Purdue University Press
6427:Rice, Maria J. (2007).
6364:Press. pp. 23–30.
6199:Camden House Publishing
5956:Leuven University Press
4569:Ball & Kuhlman 2010
3233:Duncan & Smith 2009
3202:Duncan & Smith 2009
3190:Duncan & Smith 2009
1461:The Dark Knight Returns
893:in the face of protest.
748:Maus: A Survivor's Tale
292:Nazi invasion of Poland
153:by American cartoonist
146:Maus: A Survivor's Tale
9562:Anthropomorphic comics
9201:. A special award for
8490:University of Virginia
8381:
8361:Listen to this article
7560:"The Making of 'Maus'"
7411:Witek, Joseph (2004).
6975:Brown, Joshua (1988).
6906:"Lemons into Lemonade"
6897:Journals and magazines
6806:Witek, Joseph (1989).
6239:Monnin, Katie (2010).
5844:Hignite, Todd (2007).
5640:Berger, James (1999).
5410:Comic Salon staff 2012
5025:Meskin & Cook 2012
4745:– via Sud Ouest.
3249:Fagan & Fagan 2011
2259:Mickey au Camp de Gurs
2016:Max & Moritz Prize
1874:Awards and nominations
1850:
1748:
1571:Early installments of
1492:
1399:as having "influenced
1360:
1248:
1209:
1086:. When Art visits his
1082:, Spiegelman suggests
1024:
932:
894:
684:is missing information
585:
542:
385:
317:
222:, who also appears in
34:. For other uses, see
8495:Spiegelman discusses
8431:(February 11, 2022).
8380:
7697:registration required
7425:University of Florida
7257:10.1353/sho.2011.0038
7186:10.1353/nar.2003.0007
7051:Image & Narrative
6618:Vol. 15, Spring 1987)
6515:Sabin, Roger (1993).
6222:John Wiley & Sons
6102:Liss, Andrea (1998).
5996:Kaplan, Arie (2008).
5973:Kaplan, Arie (2006).
5856:Yale University Press
5757:Independent on Sunday
5578:Baker, Steve (1993).
5509:John Wiley & Sons
5482:Tout en BD staff 1993
5379:Tout en BD staff 1998
5367:Tout en BD staff 1998
4416:For "biography", see
2283:From the German word
1958:(Christian Testimony)
1735:
1612:McMinn County Schools
1490:
1425:, who had made early
1350:
1242:
1046:Nazi propaganda films
1021:
903:Franco-Belgian comics
881:
836:Spiegelman dedicated
786:Drawn & Quarterly
717:The first chapter of
579:
540:
419:Art (born 1948) is a
312:
280:postpartum depression
143:, often published as
36:Maus (disambiguation)
9477:Eisner Award winners
9452:Comics set in Poland
9407:Comics about animals
9316:Joseph Pulitzer, Jr.
9199:Oscar Hammerstein II
9160:Theodor Seuss Geisel
9136:James Thomas Flexner
9096:Old Road to Paradise
8990:The Kansas City Star
8799:The Cardboard Valise
8611:The Narrative Corpse
8412:More spoken articles
8009:Comic Book Resources
7829:Entertainment Weekly
7820:Entertainment Weekly
7781:on February 26, 2014
7774:The Daily Free Press
7460:Wizard Entertainment
7439:on November 29, 2014
7201:Merino, Ana (2010).
6977:"Of Mice and Memory"
6928:"Art for Art's Sake"
6880:. pp. 239–254.
6616:Oral History Journal
6521:Taylor & Francis
6500:. pp. 216–232.
6498:Taylor & Francis
5979:Chicago Review Press
5908:. pp. 400–408.
5742:. pp. 122–125.
5526:Adams, Jeff (2008).
5202:, pp. 142, 160.
5087:, pp. 139–140;
2858:, pp. 291, 294.
2827:, pp. 291, 293.
2350:by Marilyn Reizbaum.
2248:Birds' Head Haggadah
2128:Best Foreign Album (
1723:Holocaust literature
1539:Entertainment Weekly
1478:Museum of Modern Art
1443:Reception and legacy
1413:, there would be no
1278:German Expressionist
1243:Spiegelman's use of
1217:spoke German—a word
766:Amblin Entertainment
618:American comic books
532:Great American Novel
104:Original publication
9492:Fiction set in 1979
9487:Fiction set in 1978
9372:1991 graphic novels
9304:Frank D. Fackenthal
9294:Columbia University
9288:William Allen White
8975:Cyrus L. Sulzberger
8841:The Jew of New York
8651:Legal Action Comics
8175:on February 7, 2012
8131:Jewish World Review
8016:on December 4, 2011
7964:on January 22, 2012
7836:on January 27, 2012
7661:The Comics Reporter
7490:on November 2, 2013
7369:Fantagraphics Books
7336:1983Natur.302..784D
7328:Fantagraphics Books
7314:"Blood and Thunder"
7294:Fantagraphics Books
7286:and Other Topics".
7157:Fantagraphics Books
7126:Fantagraphics Books
6993:10.1093/ohr/16.1.91
6981:Oral History Review
6950:1990Natur.348..280C
6942:Fantagraphics Books
6172:. pp. 99–130.
5690:The Power of Comics
5284:, pp. 200–201.
5257:, pp. 223–224.
4947:. January 31, 2022.
4929:. January 31, 2022.
4903:on January 29, 2022
4897:WNYT NewsChannel 13
4730:. January 28, 2022.
4712:. January 28, 2022.
4435:For "history", see
4421:For "fiction", see
4156:, pp. 207–208.
3954:, pp. 166–167.
3942:, pp. 167–168.
3633:, pp. 221–223.
3609:, pp. 112–114.
3542:, pp. 152–153.
3484:, pp. 122–124.
3457:, pp. 122–125.
2437:, pp. 100–101.
2186:Jewish Book Council
2164:
1964:Témoignage chrétien
1962:Prix RĂ©sistance by
1948:Témoignage chrétien
1883:
1868:copyright violation
1674:Oral History Review
1579:inspired the young
1491:Spiegelman in 2007.
1421:, Spiegelman cited
1396:Little Orphan Annie
1382:A Contract with God
1225:but, distantly, to
1120:generational trauma
1062:pass themselves off
1038:converts to Judaism
930:, a journalist for
736:, but after a rave
665:Publication history
658:A Contract with God
580:Spiegelman visited
496:Holocaust survivors
304:German protectorate
9367:1980 comics debuts
9041:(2020, posthumous)
9019:Richard Lee Strout
9012:Gannett Newspapers
8998:The New York Times
8954:The New York Times
8939:William O. Dapping
8806:Chicken with Plums
8382:
8154:on October 5, 2011
8060:by Art Spiegelman"
7631:The New York Times
7609:The New York Times
7587:The New York Times
7565:The New York Times
7550:The Globe and Mail
7510:The New York Times
7364:The Comics Journal
7319:The Comics Journal
7289:The Comics Journal
7282:(December 1986). "
7152:The Comics Journal
7121:The Comics Journal
7065:on January 4, 2019
6933:The Comics Journal
6777:Wirth-Nesher, Hana
6688:. pp. 31–46.
6602:. pp. 84–94.
6550:. pp. 69–80.
6337:. pp. 61–81.
6291:. pp. 35–74.
6201:. pp. 66–90.
5958:. pp. 79–89.
5931:. pp. 73–96.
5226:, pp. 32–33;
4999:Alfonseca, Kiara.
4980:. February 2, 2022
4945:The Indian Express
4834:The New York Times
4448:For "memoir", see
4403:, pp. 39–40;
3566:, p. 135–136.
2948:, pp. 76–77;
2159:
1982:Best Foreign Album
1878:
1851:La Cinquième Couch
1848:Belgian publisher
1825:problematizes the
1749:
1645:Voters of Tomorrow
1527:The Comics Journal
1500:The New York Times
1493:
1470:The New York Times
1436:Passionate Journey
1361:
1283:style inspired by
1249:
1025:
895:
768:, was inspired by
586:
543:
499:to know about it.
462:Richieu Spiegelman
409:Primary characters
318:
9427:Comics about pigs
9412:Comics about dogs
9332:
9331:
9118:Garrett Mattingly
9100:Margaret Widdemer
8885:
8884:
8876:Read Yourself Raw
8697:
8696:
8644:Garbage Pail Kids
8499:with Paul Gravett
8471:Art Spiegelman's
8378:
8330:978-1-895754-29-2
8298:978-0-493-69522-8
8275:978-0-8173-5435-0
8252:978-0-8032-8993-2
8229:978-1-4968-3750-9
8190:"Maus: Revisited"
8056:"A Commentary on
7939:on March 15, 2016
7914:on April 13, 2019
7806:on April 27, 2011
7715:Los Angeles Times
6887:978-1-57181-776-1
6864:978-0-8251-2901-8
6845:978-0-7867-2157-3
6838:. Da Capo Press.
6821:978-0-87805-406-0
6798:978-0-691-13844-2
6768:978-1-60473-792-9
6745:978-1-56163-368-5
6718:978-0-8101-2300-7
6695:978-90-5867-109-7
6682:The Graphic Novel
6672:978-0-19-212271-1
6637:978-0-670-91683-2
6609:978-1-934110-12-6
6582:978-0-231-52635-7
6557:978-1-55753-584-9
6530:978-0-415-04419-6
6507:978-0-415-99176-6
6484:978-0-8166-3459-0
6461:978-0-8032-3962-3
6438:978-0-549-69539-4
6419:978-0-8204-8892-9
6396:978-0-8147-9769-3
6371:978-90-5867-109-7
6362:Leuven University
6358:The Graphic Novel
6344:978-1-55164-296-3
6321:978-0-313-36330-6
6298:978-0-415-97167-6
6275:978-1-4773-1283-4
6250:978-1-934338-40-7
6231:978-1-4443-3464-7
6208:978-1-57113-352-6
6179:978-0-8139-2581-3
6144:978-1-60473-792-9
6117:978-0-8166-3060-8
6094:978-0-8047-5555-9
6071:978-0-8014-8496-4
6011:978-0-8276-0843-6
5988:978-1-55652-633-6
5965:978-90-5867-109-7
5952:The Graphic Novel
5938:978-0-226-36076-8
5915:978-0-313-29462-4
5892:978-0-674-29265-9
5869:978-0-300-13387-5
5836:978-1-57806-719-0
5813:978-0-87805-758-0
5783:978-3-598-30186-5
5774:Walter de Gruyter
5766:"Spiegelman, Art"
5749:978-1-934110-12-6
5726:978-1-59884-511-2
5703:978-0-8264-2936-0
5680:978-0-231-15062-0
5655:978-0-8166-2932-9
5632:978-1-60473-442-3
5595:978-0-7190-3378-0
5570:978-0-8264-4019-8
5543:978-3-03911-362-0
5518:978-1-4443-3464-7
5357:against the Nazis
5355:French resistance
5119:, pp. 32–33.
4497:Wizard staff 2009
4331:, pp. 94–95.
4168:, pp. 25–26.
4013:Wirth-Nesher 2006
3990:The Complete Maus
3424:Wirth-Nesher 2006
3255:, pp. 68–84.
3108:, pp. 22–24.
2200:
2199:
2157:
2156:
2105:Los Angeles Times
1800:McGill University
1763:R. C. Harvey
1727:Holocaust studies
1695:Terrence Des Pres
1575:that appeared in
1373:Bernard Krigstein
1355:such as those by
817:The Complete Maus
805:The Complete Maus
715:
714:
638:underground comix
590:Short Order Comix
508:nervous breakdown
431:Vladek Spiegelman
322:underground comix
300:annexed Sosnowiec
194:World War II
186:narrative present
136:
135:
109:Published in
18:Vladek Spiegelman
16:(Redirected from
9569:
9349:
9348:
9340:
9178:Edmund S. Morgan
9065:
9058:
9045:Darnella Frazier
8946:Edmonton Journal
8912:
8905:
8898:
8889:
8888:
8792:Building Stories
8724:
8717:
8710:
8701:
8700:
8688:Nadja Spiegelman
8582:Editor/co-editor
8565:Jack and the Box
8529:
8522:
8515:
8506:
8505:
8440:
8424:
8402:
8400:
8389:
8388:
8379:
8369:
8367:
8362:
8349:
8334:
8322:
8310:
8279:
8256:
8233:
8201:
8199:
8197:
8184:
8182:
8180:
8163:
8161:
8159:
8142:
8140:
8138:
8120:
8118:
8116:
8094:
8092:
8090:
8074:
8072:
8070:
8050:
8048:
8046:
8041:on April 8, 2014
8037:. Archived from
8025:
8023:
8021:
8012:. Archived from
7998:
7996:
7994:
7985:. Archived from
7973:
7971:
7969:
7960:. Archived from
7948:
7946:
7944:
7935:. Archived from
7923:
7921:
7919:
7910:. Archived from
7898:
7896:
7894:
7872:
7870:
7868:
7859:. Archived from
7845:
7843:
7841:
7832:. Archived from
7815:
7813:
7811:
7802:. Archived from
7790:
7788:
7786:
7777:. Archived from
7763:
7761:
7759:
7743:
7741:
7739:
7726:
7724:
7722:
7700:
7693:
7691:
7689:
7671:
7669:
7667:
7642:
7640:
7638:
7620:
7618:
7616:
7598:
7596:
7594:
7576:
7574:
7572:
7554:
7543:
7541:
7539:
7532:The New Republic
7521:
7519:
7517:
7499:
7497:
7495:
7463:
7448:
7446:
7444:
7435:. Archived from
7407:
7405:
7403:
7380:
7357:
7347:
7345:10.1038/302784a0
7305:
7275:
7273:
7271:
7233:
7231:
7229:
7197:
7168:
7137:
7114:
7112:
7110:
7074:
7072:
7070:
7061:. Archived from
7041:
7004:
6971:
6961:
6959:10.1038/348280d0
6922:
6920:
6918:
6891:
6868:
6849:
6825:
6802:
6786:
6772:
6749:
6733:
6722:
6699:
6676:
6650:
6641:
6613:
6586:
6561:
6534:
6511:
6488:
6465:
6442:
6423:
6400:
6375:
6348:
6335:Black Rose Books
6325:
6302:
6279:
6254:
6235:
6212:
6183:
6148:
6121:
6098:
6075:
6051:
6038:
6015:
5992:
5969:
5942:
5919:
5896:
5873:
5846:"Art Spiegelman"
5840:
5817:
5801:
5787:
5753:
5730:
5707:
5684:
5659:
5636:
5610:
5599:
5574:
5558:
5547:
5522:
5485:
5479:
5473:
5467:
5461:
5455:
5449:
5443:
5437:
5431:
5425:
5419:
5413:
5407:
5401:
5395:
5386:
5376:
5370:
5364:
5358:
5347:
5341:
5331:
5325:
5315:
5309:
5303:
5297:
5291:
5285:
5279:
5273:
5267:
5258:
5252:
5243:
5237:
5231:
5221:
5215:
5212:Baym et al. 2007
5209:
5203:
5197:
5191:
5181:
5172:
5166:
5160:
5154:
5148:
5142:
5136:
5126:
5120:
5110:
5104:
5098:
5092:
5082:
5076:
5070:
5064:
5058:
5052:
5046:
5040:
5034:
5028:
5022:
5016:
5015:
5013:
5011:
4996:
4990:
4989:
4987:
4985:
4970:
4964:
4963:
4955:
4949:
4948:
4937:
4931:
4930:
4919:
4913:
4912:
4910:
4908:
4889:
4883:
4882:
4870:
4864:
4863:
4861:
4859:
4844:
4838:
4837:
4825:
4819:
4818:
4816:
4814:
4799:
4793:
4792:
4790:
4788:
4771:
4765:
4764:
4761:The Jakarta Post
4753:
4747:
4746:
4738:
4732:
4731:
4720:
4714:
4713:
4702:
4696:
4695:
4683:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4672:
4656:
4650:
4649:
4647:
4645:
4630:
4621:
4620:
4608:
4599:
4598:
4596:
4594:
4578:
4572:
4566:
4560:
4554:
4548:
4542:
4536:
4530:
4524:
4518:
4512:
4506:
4500:
4494:
4488:
4478:
4472:
4462:
4456:
4414:
4408:
4398:
4392:
4382:
4376:
4370:
4364:
4354:
4348:
4338:
4332:
4326:
4320:
4298:
4292:
4286:
4280:
4274:
4268:
4262:
4256:
4250:
4244:
4238:
4232:
4226:
4217:
4211:
4205:
4199:
4193:
4187:
4181:
4175:
4169:
4163:
4157:
4151:
4142:
4136:
4130:
4124:
4115:
4109:
4103:
4097:
4091:
4085:
4079:
4073:
4067:
4061:
4055:
4049:
4043:
4037:
4028:
4022:
4016:
4010:
4004:
4003:
3985:
3979:
3973:
3967:
3961:
3955:
3949:
3943:
3937:
3931:
3925:
3919:
3913:
3907:
3901:
3895:
3889:
3883:
3877:
3871:
3865:
3859:
3853:
3847:
3841:
3835:
3834:, p. 33–34.
3829:
3823:
3809:
3803:
3793:
3787:
3781:
3775:
3769:
3763:
3757:
3748:
3742:
3736:
3730:
3724:
3718:
3712:
3706:
3700:
3686:
3680:
3670:
3664:
3658:
3649:
3643:
3634:
3628:
3622:
3616:
3610:
3600:
3594:
3588:
3582:
3576:
3567:
3561:
3555:
3549:
3543:
3533:
3527:
3517:
3511:
3510:
3503:
3497:
3491:
3485:
3479:
3473:
3467:
3458:
3448:
3439:
3433:
3427:
3413:
3407:
3397:
3391:
3385:
3379:
3373:
3367:
3361:
3355:
3349:
3343:
3333:
3327:
3321:
3315:
3305:
3299:
3289:
3283:
3277:
3271:
3265:
3256:
3242:
3236:
3226:
3220:
3214:
3205:
3199:
3193:
3187:
3181:
3175:
3169:
3163:
3157:
3151:
3145:
3139:
3130:
3124:
3109:
3103:
3097:
3091:
3080:
3074:
3068:
3062:
3051:
3045:
3034:
3028:
3017:
3011:
3002:
2992:
2986:
2980:
2974:
2968:
2957:
2943:
2937:
2931:
2925:
2919:
2913:
2907:
2898:
2892:
2883:
2877:
2871:
2865:
2859:
2853:
2844:
2834:
2828:
2822:
2813:
2807:
2798:
2792:
2783:
2769:
2763:
2757:
2746:
2740:
2731:
2725:
2719:
2713:
2704:
2698:
2692:
2682:
2676:
2666:
2660:
2654:
2648:
2642:
2636:
2630:
2624:
2614:
2608:
2602:
2593:
2587:
2578:
2568:
2562:
2556:
2550:
2544:
2535:
2529:
2523:
2517:
2508:
2502:
2496:
2490:
2484:
2474:
2468:
2462:
2453:
2447:
2438:
2432:
2419:
2413:
2398:
2392:
2377:
2367:
2351:
2346:Translated from
2344:
2338:
2335:
2329:
2317:
2311:
2308:
2302:
2299:
2293:
2291:
2281:
2243:Anthropomorphism
2233:
2232:
2221:
2220:
2219:
2212:
2165:
2158:
1956:
1884:
1877:
1853:
1797:
1771:
1746:
1687:Dominick LaCapra
1337:correction fluid
1212:
1199:The German word
1194:moved to America
1145:
1052:showed films of
955:
948:
937:
848:is a quote from
762:Steven Spielberg
757:An American Tail
710:
707:
701:
677:
669:
506:in 1968 after a
438:African-American
388:
338:Sosnowiec Ghetto
290:just before the
184:timeline in the
57:
43:
42:
32:Panzer VIII Maus
21:
9577:
9576:
9572:
9571:
9570:
9568:
9567:
9566:
9357:
9356:
9355:
9343:
9335:
9333:
9328:
9321:
9276:
9271:Aretha Franklin
9247:Thelonious Monk
9235:George Gershwin
9229:William Schuman
9195:Richard Rodgers
9183:
9106:Kenneth Roberts
9066:
9060:
9059:
9050:
9032:Capital Gazette
9005:Walter Lippmann
8921:
8916:
8886:
8881:
8733:
8728:
8698:
8693:
8682:Françoise Mouly
8670:
8631:
8621:(comics editor)
8577:
8538:
8533:
8482:Wayback Machine
8462:Teacher's guide
8456:Wayback Machine
8419:
8416:
8415:
8404:
8398:
8396:
8393:This audio file
8390:
8383:
8374:
8371:
8365:
8364:
8360:
8357:
8352:
8331:
8320:
8299:
8276:
8253:
8230:
8209:
8207:Further reading
8204:
8195:
8193:
8178:
8176:
8157:
8155:
8136:
8134:
8114:
8112:
8088:
8086:
8084:Pulitzer Prizes
8068:
8066:
8044:
8042:
8019:
8017:
7992:
7990:
7989:on May 16, 2013
7967:
7965:
7942:
7940:
7917:
7915:
7892:
7890:
7866:
7864:
7863:on June 2, 2015
7839:
7837:
7809:
7807:
7784:
7782:
7757:
7755:
7737:
7735:
7720:
7718:
7694:
7687:
7685:
7682:Financial Times
7665:
7663:
7650:
7645:
7636:
7634:
7614:
7612:
7592:
7590:
7570:
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7537:
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7442:
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7269:
7267:
7227:
7225:
7108:
7106:
7068:
7066:
6916:
6914:
6899:
6894:
6888:
6865:
6846:
6822:
6799:
6769:
6746:
6719:
6696:
6673:
6648:"Graphic novel"
6638:
6614:(Originally in
6610:
6583:
6558:
6531:
6508:
6485:
6462:
6439:
6420:
6397:
6372:
6345:
6322:
6299:
6276:
6251:
6232:
6209:
6180:
6145:
6118:
6095:
6072:
6035:
6023:. Vol. E.
6012:
5989:
5966:
5939:
5916:
5893:
5870:
5837:
5814:
5784:
5776:. p. 230.
5754:(Originally in
5750:
5727:
5704:
5681:
5656:
5633:
5600:(attributed to
5596:
5571:
5544:
5519:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5480:
5476:
5468:
5464:
5456:
5452:
5444:
5440:
5432:
5428:
5420:
5416:
5408:
5404:
5398:Hammarlund 2007
5396:
5389:
5377:
5373:
5365:
5361:
5348:
5344:
5332:
5328:
5316:
5312:
5304:
5300:
5292:
5288:
5280:
5276:
5268:
5261:
5253:
5246:
5238:
5234:
5222:
5218:
5214:, p. 3091.
5210:
5206:
5198:
5194:
5182:
5175:
5167:
5163:
5155:
5151:
5143:
5139:
5127:
5123:
5111:
5107:
5099:
5095:
5083:
5079:
5071:
5067:
5059:
5055:
5047:
5043:
5035:
5031:
5027:, p. xxiv.
5023:
5019:
5009:
5007:
4997:
4993:
4983:
4981:
4972:
4971:
4967:
4956:
4952:
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4906:
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4890:
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4855:
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4845:
4841:
4826:
4822:
4812:
4810:
4800:
4796:
4786:
4784:
4772:
4768:
4755:
4754:
4750:
4739:
4735:
4722:
4721:
4717:
4704:
4703:
4699:
4686:Fronczek, Mel.
4684:
4680:
4670:
4668:
4657:
4653:
4643:
4641:
4631:
4624:
4609:
4602:
4592:
4590:
4579:
4575:
4567:
4563:
4555:
4551:
4543:
4539:
4531:
4527:
4519:
4515:
4507:
4503:
4495:
4491:
4479:
4475:
4463:
4459:
4447:
4434:
4429:
4420:
4415:
4411:
4399:
4395:
4387:, p. 118;
4383:
4379:
4371:
4367:
4355:
4351:
4343:, p. 223;
4339:
4335:
4327:
4323:
4311:, p. 262;
4307:, p. 246;
4303:, p. 172;
4299:
4295:
4287:
4283:
4275:
4271:
4265:Spiegelman 2011
4263:
4259:
4251:
4247:
4241:Kannenberg 2001
4239:
4235:
4227:
4220:
4212:
4208:
4200:
4196:
4188:
4184:
4176:
4172:
4164:
4160:
4152:
4145:
4139:Kannenberg 2001
4137:
4133:
4125:
4118:
4110:
4106:
4098:
4094:
4086:
4082:
4074:
4070:
4062:
4058:
4050:
4046:
4038:
4031:
4023:
4019:
4011:
4007:
4000:
3986:
3982:
3974:
3970:
3962:
3958:
3950:
3946:
3938:
3934:
3930:, pp. 161.
3926:
3922:
3914:
3910:
3902:
3898:
3892:Schuldiner 2011
3890:
3886:
3880:Schuldiner 2011
3878:
3874:
3868:Schuldiner 2011
3866:
3862:
3856:Kannenberg 2001
3854:
3850:
3842:
3838:
3830:
3826:
3810:
3806:
3794:
3790:
3782:
3778:
3770:
3766:
3758:
3751:
3743:
3739:
3731:
3727:
3719:
3715:
3707:
3703:
3687:
3683:
3675:, p. 210;
3671:
3667:
3659:
3652:
3646:Hungerford 2003
3644:
3637:
3629:
3625:
3617:
3613:
3605:, p. 250;
3601:
3597:
3589:
3585:
3577:
3570:
3562:
3558:
3552:Spiegelman 2011
3550:
3546:
3540:Spiegelman 2011
3534:
3530:
3524:Spiegelman 2011
3518:
3514:
3505:
3504:
3500:
3494:Spiegelman 2011
3492:
3488:
3482:Spiegelman 2011
3480:
3476:
3468:
3461:
3455:Spiegelman 2011
3449:
3442:
3434:
3430:
3414:
3410:
3398:
3394:
3386:
3382:
3374:
3370:
3362:
3358:
3350:
3346:
3334:
3330:
3322:
3318:
3310:, p. 118;
3306:
3302:
3294:, p. 171;
3290:
3286:
3278:
3274:
3266:
3259:
3243:
3239:
3231:, p. 221;
3227:
3223:
3215:
3208:
3200:
3196:
3188:
3184:
3180:, pp. 5–6.
3176:
3172:
3164:
3160:
3152:
3148:
3140:
3133:
3125:
3112:
3106:Spiegelman 2011
3104:
3100:
3092:
3083:
3075:
3071:
3063:
3054:
3046:
3037:
3029:
3020:
3012:
3005:
2997:, p. 122;
2993:
2989:
2981:
2977:
2969:
2960:
2946:Schuldiner 2011
2944:
2940:
2932:
2928:
2920:
2916:
2908:
2901:
2893:
2886:
2878:
2874:
2866:
2862:
2856:Spiegelman 2011
2854:
2847:
2835:
2831:
2825:Spiegelman 2011
2823:
2816:
2810:Spiegelman 2011
2808:
2801:
2793:
2786:
2778:, p. 123;
2774:, p. 250;
2770:
2766:
2758:
2749:
2743:Spiegelman 2011
2741:
2734:
2728:Spiegelman 2011
2726:
2722:
2714:
2707:
2699:
2695:
2683:
2679:
2669:McGlothlin 2006
2667:
2663:
2657:McGlothlin 2003
2655:
2651:
2643:
2639:
2631:
2627:
2615:
2611:
2603:
2596:
2588:
2581:
2573:, p. 100;
2569:
2565:
2557:
2553:
2545:
2538:
2532:Spiegelman 2011
2530:
2526:
2518:
2511:
2503:
2499:
2491:
2487:
2479:, p. 250;
2475:
2471:
2463:
2456:
2448:
2441:
2435:Kannenberg 1999
2433:
2422:
2414:
2401:
2393:
2380:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2355:
2354:
2345:
2341:
2336:
2332:
2318:
2314:
2309:
2305:
2300:
2296:
2289:[maĘŠĚŻs]
2282:
2278:
2273:
2239:
2227:
2217:
2215:
2207:
2205:
2146:Foreign Album (
2143:Urhunden Prize
1950:
1927:
1876:
1846:
1795:
1769:
1744:
1657:
1589:Marjane Satrapi
1445:
1427:wordless novels
1393:'s comic strip
1365:Harvey Kurtzman
1345:
1313:
1254:Talking animals
1245:cartoon animals
1237:
1221:related not to
1189:
1172:for the Nazis.
1153:
1143:
1136:
1104:Marianne Hirsch
1100:
1016:
1011:
953:
946:
934:Gazeta Wyborcza
858:
801:Voyager Company
711:
705:
702:
695:
678:
667:
615:
528:wordless novels
488:
475:
474:Françoise Mouly
463:
454:
453:Anja Spiegelman
445:
444:Mala Spiegelman
432:
416:
411:
327:mental hospital
296:prisoner of war
248:
220:Françoise Mouly
63:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9575:
9565:
9564:
9559:
9554:
9549:
9547:Raw (magazine)
9544:
9539:
9534:
9529:
9524:
9519:
9514:
9509:
9504:
9499:
9494:
9489:
9484:
9479:
9474:
9469:
9464:
9459:
9454:
9449:
9444:
9439:
9434:
9429:
9424:
9419:
9414:
9409:
9404:
9399:
9394:
9389:
9384:
9379:
9374:
9369:
9354:
9353:
9330:
9329:
9326:
9323:
9322:
9320:
9319:
9313:
9310:John Hohenberg
9307:
9301:
9291:
9284:
9282:
9278:
9277:
9275:
9274:
9268:
9262:
9256:
9250:
9244:
9241:Duke Ellington
9238:
9232:
9226:
9223:Milton Babbitt
9220:
9214:
9211:Roger Sessions
9208:
9191:
9189:
9185:
9184:
9182:
9181:
9175:
9166:Art Spiegelman
9163:
9157:
9151:
9139:
9129:
9121:
9109:
9103:
9085:
9074:
9072:
9068:
9067:
9053:
9051:
9049:
9048:
9042:
9036:
9028:
9022:
9016:
9008:
9002:
8994:
8982:
8972:
8964:
8958:
8950:
8942:
8936:
8929:
8927:
8923:
8922:
8915:
8914:
8907:
8900:
8892:
8883:
8882:
8880:
8879:
8872:
8865:
8858:
8851:
8844:
8837:
8830:
8823:
8816:
8809:
8802:
8795:
8788:
8781:
8774:
8767:
8764:Asterios Polyp
8760:
8757:Amy and Jordan
8753:
8750:Alias the Cat!
8746:
8738:
8735:
8734:
8727:
8726:
8719:
8712:
8704:
8695:
8694:
8692:
8691:
8685:
8678:
8676:
8672:
8671:
8669:
8668:
8665:The Wild Party
8661:
8658:Wacky Packages
8654:
8647:
8639:
8637:
8633:
8632:
8630:
8629:
8622:
8618:The New Yorker
8614:
8607:
8600:
8593:
8585:
8583:
8579:
8578:
8576:
8575:
8568:
8561:
8554:
8546:
8544:
8540:
8539:
8536:Art Spiegelman
8532:
8531:
8524:
8517:
8509:
8503:
8502:
8492:
8468:
8459:
8442:
8425:
8405:
8391:
8384:
8372:
8359:
8358:
8356:
8355:External links
8353:
8351:
8350:
8335:
8329:
8311:
8297:
8280:
8274:
8257:
8251:
8234:
8228:
8210:
8208:
8205:
8203:
8202:
8185:
8164:
8143:
8121:
8095:
8075:
8051:
8026:
7999:
7974:
7949:
7924:
7906:(in Swedish).
7899:
7873:
7846:
7816:
7791:
7764:
7744:
7727:
7701:
7672:
7651:
7649:
7646:
7644:
7643:
7621:
7599:
7577:
7555:
7544:
7522:
7500:
7472:
7470:
7467:
7465:
7464:
7449:
7408:
7381:
7358:
7312:(April 1990).
7306:
7276:
7251:(2): 146–164.
7234:
7211:TransAtlantica
7198:
7180:(2): 177–198.
7169:
7138:
7115:
7075:
7042:
7016:(2): 199–230.
7005:
6972:
6923:
6900:
6898:
6895:
6893:
6892:
6886:
6878:Berghahn Books
6869:
6863:
6850:
6844:
6826:
6820:
6803:
6797:
6773:
6767:
6750:
6744:
6736:NBM Publishing
6723:
6717:
6700:
6694:
6677:
6671:
6642:
6636:
6619:
6608:
6587:
6581:
6562:
6556:
6535:
6529:
6512:
6506:
6489:
6483:
6466:
6460:
6443:
6437:
6424:
6418:
6401:
6395:
6376:
6370:
6349:
6343:
6326:
6320:
6303:
6297:
6280:
6274:
6255:
6249:
6236:
6230:
6213:
6207:
6184:
6178:
6149:
6143:
6122:
6116:
6099:
6093:
6076:
6070:
6039:
6034:978-0393927436
6033:
6016:
6010:
5993:
5987:
5970:
5964:
5943:
5937:
5920:
5914:
5897:
5891:
5874:
5868:
5841:
5835:
5818:
5812:
5788:
5782:
5761:
5760:on 1992-03-22)
5748:
5731:
5725:
5708:
5702:
5685:
5679:
5660:
5654:
5637:
5631:
5612:
5594:
5575:
5569:
5548:
5542:
5523:
5517:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5486:
5474:
5462:
5450:
5438:
5426:
5414:
5402:
5387:
5383:Jannequin 1990
5371:
5359:
5342:
5326:
5310:
5298:
5296:, p. 201.
5286:
5274:
5259:
5244:
5232:
5216:
5204:
5192:
5173:
5171:, p. 244.
5161:
5159:, p. 243.
5149:
5137:
5131:, p. 56;
5121:
5115:, p. 55;
5105:
5093:
5091:, p. 221.
5077:
5075:, p. 119.
5065:
5063:, p. 218.
5053:
5051:, p. 217.
5041:
5039:, p. 121.
5029:
5017:
4991:
4965:
4950:
4932:
4914:
4884:
4865:
4839:
4820:
4794:
4781:The Tennessean
4766:
4748:
4733:
4728:Daily Maverick
4715:
4697:
4692:The Tennessean
4678:
4665:The Tennessean
4651:
4622:
4600:
4587:The Tennessean
4573:
4571:, p. xii.
4561:
4549:
4547:, p. 118.
4537:
4525:
4513:
4501:
4489:
4483:, p. 54;
4473:
4471:, p. 405.
4457:
4409:
4407:, p. 219.
4393:
4377:
4375:, p. 223.
4365:
4349:
4347:, p. 406.
4333:
4321:
4293:
4281:
4269:
4267:, p. 196.
4257:
4255:, p. 172.
4245:
4233:
4218:
4216:, p. 112.
4206:
4204:, p. 104.
4194:
4182:
4180:, p. 172.
4170:
4158:
4143:
4131:
4116:
4114:, p. 100.
4104:
4102:, p. 111.
4092:
4090:, p. 110.
4080:
4068:
4066:, p. 221.
4056:
4054:, p. 208.
4044:
4029:
4017:
4015:, p. 168.
4005:
3998:
3980:
3978:, p. 166.
3968:
3966:, p. 165.
3956:
3944:
3932:
3920:
3918:, p. 225.
3908:
3906:, p. 224.
3896:
3884:
3872:
3860:
3848:
3836:
3824:
3818:, p. 27;
3804:
3802:, p. 231.
3798:, p. 17;
3788:
3776:
3774:, p. 283.
3764:
3749:
3737:
3725:
3721:Bolhafner 1991
3713:
3701:
3695:, p. 53;
3691:, p. 25;
3681:
3679:, p. 140.
3665:
3663:, p. 106.
3650:
3635:
3623:
3611:
3595:
3583:
3581:, p. 139.
3568:
3556:
3554:, p. 153.
3544:
3528:
3526:, p. 154.
3512:
3498:
3496:, p. 152.
3486:
3474:
3459:
3440:
3428:
3426:, p. 169.
3422:, p. 26;
3418:, p. 94;
3408:
3406:, p. 156.
3402:, p. 55;
3392:
3380:
3368:
3366:, p. 403.
3356:
3354:, p. 220.
3344:
3328:
3326:, p. 115.
3316:
3314:, p. 172.
3300:
3298:, p. 118.
3284:
3282:, p. 113.
3272:
3270:, p. 222.
3257:
3237:
3221:
3206:
3194:
3182:
3170:
3168:, p. 221.
3158:
3146:
3131:
3110:
3098:
3081:
3079:, p. 140.
3069:
3052:
3050:, p. 103.
3035:
3033:, p. 171.
3018:
3016:, p. 125.
3003:
2987:
2975:
2958:
2956:, p. 180.
2952:, p. 27;
2938:
2936:, p. 194.
2926:
2914:
2912:, p. 214.
2899:
2884:
2872:
2860:
2845:
2829:
2814:
2799:
2797:, p. 242.
2784:
2764:
2762:, p. 124.
2747:
2745:, p. 292.
2732:
2720:
2705:
2703:, p. 118.
2693:
2677:
2675:, p. 172.
2671:, p. 85;
2661:
2659:, p. 177.
2649:
2647:, p. 217.
2637:
2625:
2623:, p. 211.
2619:, p. 34;
2609:
2594:
2592:, p. 114.
2579:
2563:
2551:
2536:
2524:
2509:
2497:
2485:
2483:, p. 123.
2469:
2454:
2439:
2420:
2399:
2397:, p. 122.
2378:
2376:, p. 154.
2372:, p. 98;
2361:
2359:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2339:
2330:
2312:
2303:
2294:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2267:
2262:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2238:
2237:
2225:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2194:
2193:for Biography
2188:
2183:
2179:
2178:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2155:
2154:
2151:
2144:
2141:
2137:
2136:
2133:
2126:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2115:
2108:
2101:
2097:
2096:
2093:
2086:
2081:
2077:
2076:
2073:
2066:
2061:
2057:
2056:
2053:
2048:
2046:Pulitzer Prize
2043:
2039:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2020:Special Prize
2018:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2005:
2004:Foreign Album
2002:
2000:Urhunden Prize
1997:
1993:
1992:
1989:
1979:
1974:
1970:
1969:
1966:
1960:
1945:
1941:
1940:
1937:
1931:
1921:
1917:
1916:
1913:
1912:for Biography
1907:
1902:
1898:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1875:
1872:
1845:
1842:
1827:essentialistic
1691:Linda Hutcheon
1656:
1653:
1599:Alison Bechdel
1474:Pulitzer Prize
1444:
1441:
1423:Frans Masereel
1357:Frans Masereel
1353:woodcut novels
1344:
1341:
1312:
1309:
1236:
1233:
1219:etymologically
1215:Eastern Europe
1188:
1185:
1152:
1149:
1135:
1132:
1099:
1096:
1067:Final Solution
1054:minstrel shows
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
857:
854:
750:and subtitled
744:Pantheon Books
739:New York Times
713:
712:
681:
679:
672:
666:
663:
614:
611:
524:Frans Masereel
487:
484:
483:
482:
476:
473:
471:
464:
461:
459:
455:
452:
450:
446:
443:
441:
433:
430:
428:
417:
415:Art Spiegelman
414:
410:
407:
374:Samuel Beckett
247:
244:
175:Pulitzer Prize
155:Art Spiegelman
134:
133:
130:
126:
125:
122:
118:
117:
110:
106:
105:
101:
100:
98:Pantheon Books
95:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
79:
75:
74:
72:Art Spiegelman
69:
65:
64:
58:
50:
49:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9574:
9563:
9560:
9558:
9555:
9553:
9550:
9548:
9545:
9543:
9540:
9538:
9535:
9533:
9530:
9528:
9525:
9523:
9520:
9518:
9515:
9513:
9510:
9508:
9505:
9503:
9500:
9498:
9495:
9493:
9490:
9488:
9485:
9483:
9480:
9478:
9475:
9473:
9470:
9468:
9465:
9463:
9460:
9458:
9455:
9453:
9450:
9448:
9445:
9443:
9440:
9438:
9435:
9433:
9430:
9428:
9425:
9423:
9420:
9418:
9415:
9413:
9410:
9408:
9405:
9403:
9400:
9398:
9395:
9393:
9390:
9388:
9385:
9383:
9380:
9378:
9375:
9373:
9370:
9368:
9365:
9364:
9362:
9352:
9347:
9342:
9341:
9338:
9324:
9317:
9314:
9311:
9308:
9305:
9302:
9299:
9295:
9292:
9289:
9286:
9285:
9283:
9279:
9272:
9269:
9266:
9265:Hank Williams
9263:
9260:
9257:
9254:
9251:
9248:
9245:
9242:
9239:
9236:
9233:
9230:
9227:
9224:
9221:
9218:
9215:
9212:
9209:
9206:
9205:
9200:
9196:
9193:
9192:
9190:
9186:
9179:
9176:
9173:
9172:
9167:
9164:
9161:
9158:
9155:
9152:
9149:
9145:
9144:
9140:
9137:
9133:
9130:
9127:
9126:
9122:
9119:
9115:
9114:
9110:
9107:
9104:
9101:
9097:
9093:
9092:Carl Sandburg
9089:
9086:
9083:
9082:Sara Teasdale
9079:
9076:
9075:
9073:
9069:
9064:
9057:
9046:
9043:
9040:
9037:
9034:
9033:
9029:
9026:
9023:
9020:
9017:
9014:
9013:
9009:
9006:
9003:
9000:
8999:
8995:
8992:
8991:
8986:
8983:
8980:
8976:
8973:
8970:
8969:
8965:
8962:
8959:
8956:
8955:
8951:
8948:
8947:
8943:
8940:
8937:
8934:
8933:Frank I. Cobb
8931:
8930:
8928:
8924:
8920:
8913:
8908:
8906:
8901:
8899:
8894:
8893:
8890:
8878:
8877:
8873:
8871:
8870:
8866:
8864:
8863:
8859:
8857:
8856:
8852:
8850:
8849:
8845:
8843:
8842:
8838:
8836:
8835:
8831:
8829:
8828:
8824:
8822:
8821:
8817:
8815:
8814:
8810:
8808:
8807:
8803:
8801:
8800:
8796:
8794:
8793:
8789:
8787:
8786:
8782:
8780:
8779:
8775:
8773:
8772:
8768:
8766:
8765:
8761:
8759:
8758:
8754:
8752:
8751:
8747:
8745:
8744:
8740:
8739:
8736:
8732:
8725:
8720:
8718:
8713:
8711:
8706:
8705:
8702:
8689:
8686:
8683:
8680:
8679:
8677:
8673:
8667:
8666:
8662:
8660:
8659:
8655:
8653:
8652:
8648:
8646:
8645:
8641:
8640:
8638:
8634:
8628:
8627:
8623:
8620:
8619:
8615:
8613:
8612:
8608:
8606:
8605:
8601:
8599:
8598:
8594:
8592:
8591:
8587:
8586:
8584:
8580:
8574:
8573:
8569:
8567:
8566:
8562:
8560:
8559:
8555:
8553:
8552:
8548:
8547:
8545:
8541:
8537:
8530:
8525:
8523:
8518:
8516:
8511:
8510:
8507:
8500:
8498:
8493:
8491:
8487:
8483:
8479:
8476:
8474:
8469:
8467:
8463:
8460:
8458:(broken link)
8457:
8453:
8450:
8449:
8443:
8438:
8434:
8430:
8426:
8422:
8418:
8417:
8413:
8409:
8394:
8347:
8346:
8341:
8336:
8332:
8326:
8319:
8318:
8312:
8308:
8304:
8300:
8294:
8290:
8286:
8281:
8277:
8271:
8267:
8263:
8258:
8254:
8248:
8244:
8240:
8235:
8231:
8225:
8221:
8217:
8212:
8211:
8191:
8186:
8174:
8170:
8165:
8153:
8149:
8144:
8133:
8132:
8127:
8122:
8111:
8110:
8105:
8103:
8096:
8085:
8081:
8076:
8065:
8061:
8059:
8054:Obst, Peter.
8052:
8040:
8036:
8032:
8027:
8015:
8011:
8010:
8005:
8000:
7988:
7984:
7980:
7975:
7963:
7959:
7955:
7950:
7938:
7934:
7933:Harvey Awards
7930:
7925:
7913:
7909:
7905:
7900:
7889:
7888:
7883:
7881:
7874:
7862:
7858:
7857:
7852:
7847:
7835:
7831:
7830:
7825:
7821:
7817:
7805:
7801:
7797:
7792:
7780:
7776:
7775:
7770:
7765:
7754:
7750:
7745:
7733:
7728:
7717:
7716:
7711:
7709:
7702:
7698:
7684:
7683:
7678:
7673:
7662:
7658:
7653:
7652:
7633:
7632:
7627:
7622:
7611:
7610:
7605:
7604:"Not Funnies"
7600:
7589:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7567:
7566:
7561:
7556:
7552:
7551:
7545:
7534:
7533:
7528:
7523:
7512:
7511:
7506:
7501:
7489:
7485:
7484:
7479:
7474:
7473:
7461:
7457:
7456:
7450:
7438:
7434:
7430:
7426:
7422:
7418:
7414:
7409:
7397:
7393:
7392:
7391:Lingua Franca
7387:
7386:"Pig Perplex"
7382:
7378:
7374:
7370:
7366:
7365:
7359:
7355:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7337:
7333:
7329:
7325:
7321:
7320:
7315:
7311:
7310:Pekar, Harvey
7307:
7303:
7299:
7295:
7291:
7290:
7285:
7281:
7280:Pekar, Harvey
7277:
7266:
7262:
7258:
7254:
7250:
7246:
7245:
7240:
7235:
7224:
7220:
7216:
7212:
7208:
7206:
7199:
7195:
7191:
7187:
7183:
7179:
7175:
7170:
7166:
7162:
7158:
7154:
7153:
7148:
7144:
7139:
7135:
7131:
7127:
7123:
7122:
7116:
7105:
7101:
7097:
7093:
7089:
7087:
7083:
7076:
7064:
7060:
7056:
7052:
7048:
7043:
7039:
7035:
7031:
7027:
7023:
7019:
7015:
7011:
7006:
7002:
6998:
6994:
6990:
6986:
6982:
6978:
6973:
6969:
6965:
6960:
6955:
6951:
6947:
6943:
6939:
6935:
6934:
6929:
6924:
6913:
6912:
6907:
6902:
6901:
6889:
6883:
6879:
6875:
6870:
6866:
6860:
6856:
6851:
6847:
6841:
6837:
6836:
6831:
6830:Wolk, Douglas
6827:
6823:
6817:
6813:
6809:
6804:
6800:
6794:
6790:
6785:
6784:
6778:
6774:
6770:
6764:
6760:
6756:
6751:
6747:
6741:
6737:
6732:
6731:
6724:
6720:
6714:
6710:
6706:
6701:
6697:
6691:
6687:
6683:
6678:
6674:
6668:
6664:
6660:
6656:
6655:
6649:
6643:
6639:
6633:
6629:
6625:
6620:
6617:
6611:
6605:
6601:
6597:
6593:
6588:
6584:
6578:
6574:
6570:
6569:
6563:
6559:
6553:
6549:
6545:
6541:
6536:
6532:
6526:
6522:
6518:
6513:
6509:
6503:
6499:
6495:
6490:
6486:
6480:
6476:
6472:
6467:
6463:
6457:
6453:
6449:
6444:
6440:
6434:
6430:
6425:
6421:
6415:
6411:
6407:
6402:
6398:
6392:
6388:
6384:
6383:
6377:
6373:
6367:
6363:
6359:
6355:
6350:
6346:
6340:
6336:
6332:
6327:
6323:
6317:
6313:
6309:
6304:
6300:
6294:
6290:
6286:
6281:
6277:
6271:
6267:
6263:
6262:
6256:
6252:
6246:
6242:
6237:
6233:
6227:
6223:
6219:
6214:
6210:
6204:
6200:
6196:
6195:
6190:
6185:
6181:
6175:
6171:
6167:
6163:
6159:
6155:
6150:
6146:
6140:
6136:
6132:
6128:
6123:
6119:
6113:
6109:
6105:
6100:
6096:
6090:
6086:
6082:
6077:
6073:
6067:
6063:
6059:
6055:
6050:
6048:
6040:
6036:
6030:
6026:
6022:
6017:
6013:
6007:
6003:
5999:
5994:
5990:
5984:
5980:
5976:
5971:
5967:
5961:
5957:
5953:
5949:
5944:
5940:
5934:
5930:
5926:
5921:
5917:
5911:
5907:
5903:
5898:
5894:
5888:
5884:
5880:
5875:
5871:
5865:
5861:
5857:
5853:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5838:
5832:
5828:
5824:
5819:
5815:
5809:
5805:
5800:
5799:
5793:
5792:Harvey, R. C.
5789:
5785:
5779:
5775:
5771:
5767:
5762:
5759:
5758:
5751:
5745:
5741:
5737:
5732:
5728:
5722:
5719:. p. 3.
5718:
5714:
5709:
5705:
5699:
5695:
5691:
5686:
5682:
5676:
5672:
5668:
5667:
5661:
5657:
5651:
5647:
5643:
5638:
5634:
5628:
5624:
5620:
5619:
5613:
5608:
5604:
5597:
5591:
5587:
5583:
5582:
5576:
5572:
5566:
5562:
5557:
5556:
5549:
5545:
5539:
5535:
5531:
5530:
5524:
5520:
5514:
5510:
5506:
5501:
5500:
5483:
5478:
5471:
5466:
5459:
5454:
5447:
5442:
5435:
5430:
5423:
5418:
5411:
5406:
5399:
5394:
5392:
5385:, p. 19.
5384:
5380:
5375:
5368:
5363:
5356:
5353:, to promote
5352:
5346:
5339:
5335:
5330:
5323:
5319:
5314:
5307:
5306:Couvreur 2012
5302:
5295:
5290:
5283:
5278:
5271:
5266:
5264:
5256:
5251:
5249:
5242:, p. 37.
5241:
5240:Surridge 2001
5236:
5229:
5225:
5220:
5213:
5208:
5201:
5196:
5189:
5188:Weschler 2001
5185:
5180:
5178:
5170:
5165:
5158:
5153:
5147:, p. 57.
5146:
5141:
5135:, p. 32.
5134:
5130:
5125:
5118:
5114:
5109:
5102:
5097:
5090:
5086:
5085:Hatfield 2005
5081:
5074:
5069:
5062:
5057:
5050:
5045:
5038:
5033:
5026:
5021:
5006:
5002:
4995:
4979:
4975:
4969:
4961:
4954:
4946:
4942:
4936:
4928:
4924:
4918:
4902:
4898:
4894:
4888:
4880:
4876:
4869:
4853:
4849:
4843:
4835:
4831:
4824:
4809:
4805:
4798:
4783:
4782:
4777:
4770:
4762:
4758:
4752:
4744:
4737:
4729:
4725:
4719:
4711:
4707:
4701:
4693:
4689:
4682:
4666:
4662:
4655:
4640:
4636:
4629:
4627:
4618:
4614:
4607:
4605:
4588:
4584:
4577:
4570:
4565:
4559:, p. 73.
4558:
4553:
4546:
4541:
4534:
4533:Grossman 2009
4529:
4522:
4517:
4510:
4505:
4498:
4493:
4486:
4482:
4477:
4470:
4469:Horowitz 1997
4466:
4461:
4455:
4451:
4446:
4442:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4424:
4419:
4413:
4406:
4402:
4397:
4391:, p. 25.
4390:
4386:
4381:
4374:
4369:
4362:
4358:
4353:
4346:
4345:Horowitz 1997
4342:
4337:
4330:
4325:
4318:
4315:, p. 1;
4314:
4310:
4309:Stringer 1996
4306:
4302:
4297:
4291:, p. 94.
4290:
4285:
4279:, p. 36.
4278:
4273:
4266:
4261:
4254:
4249:
4243:, p. 28.
4242:
4237:
4230:
4225:
4223:
4215:
4210:
4203:
4198:
4192:, p. 26.
4191:
4186:
4179:
4174:
4167:
4162:
4155:
4154:Rothberg 2000
4150:
4148:
4141:, p. 85.
4140:
4135:
4129:, p. 54.
4128:
4123:
4121:
4113:
4108:
4101:
4096:
4089:
4084:
4078:, p. 97.
4077:
4072:
4065:
4060:
4053:
4052:Rothberg 2000
4048:
4042:, p. 22.
4041:
4036:
4034:
4027:, p. 21.
4026:
4021:
4014:
4009:
4001:
3995:
3991:
3984:
3977:
3972:
3965:
3960:
3953:
3948:
3941:
3936:
3929:
3924:
3917:
3912:
3905:
3900:
3894:, p. 75.
3893:
3888:
3882:, p. 70.
3881:
3876:
3870:, p. 69.
3869:
3864:
3858:, p. 86.
3857:
3852:
3846:, p. 37.
3845:
3840:
3833:
3828:
3821:
3817:
3813:
3808:
3801:
3797:
3792:
3786:, p. 26.
3785:
3780:
3773:
3768:
3762:, p. 27.
3761:
3756:
3754:
3747:, p. 70.
3746:
3741:
3734:
3729:
3723:, p. 96.
3722:
3717:
3711:, p. 53.
3710:
3705:
3699:, p. 55.
3698:
3694:
3690:
3689:Reibmann 2001
3685:
3678:
3677:Hatfield 2005
3674:
3673:Rothberg 2000
3669:
3662:
3657:
3655:
3648:, p. 87.
3647:
3642:
3640:
3632:
3627:
3621:, p. 69.
3620:
3615:
3608:
3604:
3599:
3593:, p. 87.
3592:
3587:
3580:
3579:Reizbaum 2000
3575:
3573:
3565:
3564:Reizbaum 2000
3560:
3553:
3548:
3541:
3537:
3532:
3525:
3521:
3520:Mozzocco 2011
3516:
3508:
3502:
3495:
3490:
3483:
3478:
3471:
3466:
3464:
3456:
3452:
3451:Weschler 2001
3447:
3445:
3438:, p. 93.
3437:
3432:
3425:
3421:
3417:
3412:
3405:
3401:
3396:
3389:
3384:
3378:, p. 57.
3377:
3372:
3365:
3364:Horowitz 1997
3360:
3353:
3348:
3341:
3338:, p. 2;
3337:
3332:
3325:
3320:
3313:
3309:
3304:
3297:
3293:
3288:
3281:
3276:
3269:
3268:Petersen 2010
3264:
3262:
3254:
3251:, p. 3;
3250:
3246:
3241:
3234:
3230:
3225:
3218:
3213:
3211:
3204:, p. 91.
3203:
3198:
3192:, p. 68.
3191:
3186:
3179:
3174:
3167:
3166:Petersen 2010
3162:
3155:
3150:
3144:, p. 98.
3143:
3138:
3136:
3128:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3107:
3102:
3095:
3090:
3088:
3086:
3078:
3073:
3067:, p. 18.
3066:
3061:
3059:
3057:
3049:
3044:
3042:
3040:
3032:
3027:
3025:
3023:
3015:
3010:
3008:
3001:, p. 36.
3000:
2996:
2991:
2984:
2979:
2972:
2967:
2965:
2963:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2942:
2935:
2930:
2924:, p. 35.
2923:
2918:
2911:
2910:Rothberg 2000
2906:
2904:
2897:, p. 56.
2896:
2891:
2889:
2882:, p. 35.
2881:
2876:
2870:, p. 18.
2869:
2864:
2857:
2852:
2850:
2843:, p. 39.
2842:
2838:
2833:
2826:
2821:
2819:
2812:, p. 16.
2811:
2806:
2804:
2796:
2791:
2789:
2782:, p. 29.
2781:
2777:
2773:
2768:
2761:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2744:
2739:
2737:
2730:, p. 17.
2729:
2724:
2718:, p. 85.
2717:
2712:
2710:
2702:
2697:
2691:, p. 88.
2690:
2686:
2681:
2674:
2670:
2665:
2658:
2653:
2646:
2645:Rothberg 2000
2641:
2635:, p. 29.
2634:
2629:
2622:
2621:Rothberg 2000
2618:
2613:
2607:, p. 84.
2606:
2601:
2599:
2591:
2586:
2584:
2577:, p. 38.
2576:
2572:
2567:
2561:, p. 36.
2560:
2555:
2549:, p. 83.
2548:
2543:
2541:
2534:, p. 18.
2533:
2528:
2522:, p. 26.
2521:
2520:Reibmann 2001
2516:
2514:
2507:, p. 54.
2506:
2501:
2494:
2489:
2482:
2478:
2473:
2467:, p. 29.
2466:
2461:
2459:
2452:, p. 55.
2451:
2446:
2444:
2436:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2417:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2406:
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2307:
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2276:
2266:
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2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2224:
2223:United States
2214:
2213:
2210:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2180:
2171:Organization
2166:
2163:
2152:
2149:
2145:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2131:
2127:
2124:
2120:
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2109:
2107:
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2098:
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2058:
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2049:
2047:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1935:
1934:Present Tense
1932:
1930:
1925:
1924:Present Tense
1922:
1918:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1899:
1890:Organization
1885:
1882:
1871:
1869:
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1857:
1852:
1841:
1839:
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1832:
1828:
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1801:
1794:
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1764:
1759:
1754:
1753:Hillel Halkin
1743:
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1558:Jules Feiffer
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1296:
1293:
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1282:
1279:
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1267:
1263:
1262:Fritz the Cat
1259:
1255:
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1220:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1195:
1184:
1182:
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1173:
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1170:ghetto police
1167:
1166:
1160:
1158:
1148:
1142:
1131:
1129:
1123:
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1047:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1020:
1006:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
982:Jewish Police
979:
975:
970:
968:
964:
960:
952:
945:
941:
936:
935:
929:
924:
920:
916:
912:
911:mother tongue
908:
904:
900:
892:
888:
885:
880:
876:
874:
870:
866:
862:
861:Penguin Books
853:
851:
847:
844:. The book's
843:
839:
834:
832:
828:
827:Hillary Chute
824:
823:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
793:
791:
787:
782:
778:
777:direct market
773:
771:
767:
763:
759:
758:
753:
749:
745:
741:
740:
735:
730:
728:
724:
720:
709:
699:
693:
689:
685:
682:This article
680:
676:
671:
670:
662:
660:
659:
654:
650:
649:graphic novel
646:
642:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
613:Comics medium
610:
608:
603:
599:
595:
591:
583:
578:
574:
572:
568:
564:
560:
559:
558:Funny Aminals
554:
553:
548:
539:
535:
533:
529:
526:who had made
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
500:
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493:
480:
477:
469:
465:
456:
447:
439:
434:
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402:
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392:
387:
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365:
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359:
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328:
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316:
311:
307:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
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281:
277:
273:
267:
263:
261:
260:the Holocaust
257:
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236:
231:
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225:
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216:
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205:
203:
199:
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151:graphic novel
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116:
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84:
80:
76:
73:
70:
66:
62:
56:
51:
48:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
9253:Ray Bradbury
9217:Scott Joplin
9202:
9170:
9169:
9141:
9131:
9123:
9111:
9095:
9088:Corn Huskers
9087:
9077:
9039:Ida B. Wells
9030:
9010:
8996:
8988:
8979:Arthur Krock
8966:
8952:
8944:
8874:
8868:
8867:
8860:
8853:
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8804:
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8755:
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8741:
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8616:
8609:
8602:
8595:
8588:
8571:
8570:
8563:
8556:
8549:
8496:
8485:
8472:
8466:Random House
8447:
8436:
8429:Gross, Terry
8343:
8316:
8284:
8261:
8242:
8238:
8215:
8194:. Retrieved
8177:. Retrieved
8173:the original
8156:. Retrieved
8152:the original
8137:February 19,
8135:. Retrieved
8129:
8113:. Retrieved
8107:
8101:
8087:. Retrieved
8067:. Retrieved
8057:
8043:. Retrieved
8039:the original
8018:. Retrieved
8014:the original
8007:
7991:. Retrieved
7987:the original
7983:IndyWeek.com
7968:February 29,
7966:. Retrieved
7962:the original
7941:. Retrieved
7937:the original
7916:. Retrieved
7912:the original
7891:. Retrieved
7885:
7879:
7865:. Retrieved
7861:the original
7856:The Guardian
7854:
7838:. Retrieved
7834:the original
7827:
7819:
7808:. Retrieved
7804:the original
7785:February 19,
7783:. Retrieved
7779:the original
7772:
7756:. Retrieved
7736:. Retrieved
7719:. Retrieved
7713:
7707:
7686:. Retrieved
7680:
7664:. Retrieved
7635:. Retrieved
7629:
7613:. Retrieved
7607:
7591:. Retrieved
7585:
7569:. Retrieved
7563:
7548:
7536:. Retrieved
7530:
7514:. Retrieved
7508:
7492:. Retrieved
7488:the original
7481:
7453:
7441:. Retrieved
7437:the original
7420:
7416:
7400:. Retrieved
7395:
7389:
7362:
7323:
7317:
7287:
7283:
7268:. Retrieved
7248:
7242:
7226:. Retrieved
7214:
7210:
7204:
7177:
7173:
7150:
7146:
7145:(ed.). "#4:
7119:
7107:. Retrieved
7095:
7091:
7085:
7081:
7067:. Retrieved
7063:the original
7050:
7013:
7009:
6980:
6937:
6931:
6917:February 19,
6915:. Retrieved
6909:
6873:
6854:
6834:
6807:
6782:
6754:
6729:
6704:
6681:
6653:
6628:Viking Press
6623:
6615:
6595:
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6539:
6516:
6493:
6470:
6447:
6428:
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6193:
6188:
6165:
6161:
6157:
6153:
6130:
6126:
6103:
6080:
6053:
6046:
6025:W. W. Norton
6020:
5997:
5974:
5951:
5947:
5924:
5901:
5878:
5850:
5822:
5797:
5769:
5755:
5735:
5712:
5689:
5665:
5641:
5617:
5607:The Listener
5606:
5580:
5554:
5528:
5504:
5477:
5470:Colbert 1992
5465:
5453:
5441:
5429:
5417:
5405:
5374:
5362:
5345:
5329:
5313:
5301:
5289:
5277:
5235:
5219:
5207:
5195:
5164:
5152:
5140:
5124:
5108:
5096:
5089:Russell 2008
5080:
5068:
5056:
5044:
5032:
5020:
5010:February 22,
5008:. Retrieved
5004:
4994:
4984:February 22,
4982:. Retrieved
4977:
4968:
4953:
4944:
4935:
4926:
4917:
4905:. Retrieved
4901:the original
4896:
4887:
4878:
4868:
4856:. Retrieved
4842:
4833:
4823:
4811:. Retrieved
4797:
4785:. Retrieved
4779:
4769:
4760:
4751:
4736:
4727:
4718:
4709:
4700:
4694:. Nashville.
4691:
4681:
4669:. Retrieved
4664:
4654:
4642:. Retrieved
4616:
4591:. Retrieved
4586:
4576:
4564:
4552:
4540:
4528:
4516:
4504:
4492:
4476:
4460:
4412:
4405:Rhoades 2008
4396:
4380:
4373:Russell 2008
4368:
4352:
4341:Russell 2008
4336:
4324:
4319:, p. 7.
4296:
4284:
4272:
4260:
4248:
4236:
4209:
4197:
4185:
4173:
4161:
4134:
4107:
4095:
4083:
4071:
4064:Russell 2008
4059:
4047:
4020:
4008:
3989:
3983:
3971:
3959:
3952:LaCapra 1998
3947:
3940:LaCapra 1998
3935:
3928:LaCapra 1998
3923:
3911:
3899:
3887:
3875:
3863:
3851:
3839:
3827:
3807:
3791:
3779:
3767:
3740:
3728:
3716:
3704:
3684:
3668:
3626:
3614:
3598:
3586:
3559:
3547:
3531:
3515:
3501:
3489:
3477:
3470:Gambino 2015
3431:
3411:
3404:LaCapra 1998
3395:
3383:
3376:Hignite 2007
3371:
3359:
3352:Rhoades 2008
3347:
3336:McGrath 2004
3331:
3319:
3303:
3287:
3275:
3240:
3235:, p. 1.
3229:Russell 2008
3224:
3197:
3185:
3173:
3161:
3149:
3101:
3072:
3014:Fathers 2007
2995:Fathers 2007
2990:
2978:
2941:
2929:
2917:
2875:
2863:
2832:
2776:Fathers 2007
2767:
2760:Fathers 2007
2723:
2696:
2680:
2664:
2652:
2640:
2628:
2612:
2566:
2554:
2527:
2500:
2488:
2481:Fathers 2007
2472:
2395:Fathers 2007
2374:LaCapra 1998
2365:
2342:
2333:
2325:
2315:
2306:
2297:
2284:
2279:
2257:
2161:
2147:
2129:
2111:
2103:
2089:
2084:Harvey Award
2069:
2064:Eisner Award
1985:
1963:
1957:
1933:
1923:
1880:
1859:
1855:
1847:
1837:
1835:
1830:
1822:
1814:
1812:
1807:
1804:
1792:
1788:
1780:
1774:
1766:
1758:Harvey Pekar
1750:
1741:
1740:objected to
1738:Harvey Pekar
1718:
1714:
1711:Considering
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1682:
1678:
1672:
1669:Joshua Brown
1664:
1660:
1658:
1648:
1639:
1635:
1619:
1609:
1602:
1592:
1584:
1576:
1572:
1570:
1565:
1553:
1547:
1543:
1537:
1531:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1511:
1507:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1484:in 1991–92.
1481:
1469:
1465:
1459:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1434:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1404:
1400:
1394:
1386:
1380:
1362:
1330:
1324:
1322:
1314:
1301:
1297:
1291:
1289:
1270:
1265:
1258:Robert Crumb
1250:
1226:
1222:
1200:
1198:
1190:
1174:
1163:
1161:
1154:
1140:
1137:
1127:
1124:
1111:
1107:
1101:
1091:
1088:psychiatrist
1080:Israeli Jews
1072:
1059:
1042:
1033:
1026:
1014:Presentation
1002:Yehuda Vizan
977:
971:
962:
950:
943:
939:
928:Piotr Bikont
922:
898:
896:
890:
886:
884:Piotr Bikont
865:Commonwealth
859:
850:Adolf Hitler
837:
835:
830:
820:
816:
804:
796:
794:
780:
774:
769:
755:
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747:
737:
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687:
683:
656:
644:
643:
636:titles. The
621:
616:
606:
594:pornographic
589:
587:
570:
563:Ku Klux Klan
556:
550:
547:Justin Green
544:
501:
489:
425:intellectual
403:
382:
377:
368:
366:
362:
354:
335:
330:
319:
314:
284:anti-Semitic
268:
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60:
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40:
8961:Byron Price
8179:January 31,
8158:January 31,
8089:January 31,
8045:January 31,
7943:January 31,
7840:January 27,
7810:January 31,
7738:January 31,
7721:January 31,
7637:January 30,
7571:January 27,
7538:January 30,
7228:February 1,
7143:Groth, Gary
7109:February 1,
7084:and Roth's
7069:January 30,
6060:. pp.
5858:. pp.
5603:Kohn, Marek
5491:Works cited
5169:Harvey 1996
5157:Harvey 1996
5073:Kaplan 2006
5037:Monnin 2010
4907:January 30,
4858:February 5,
4852:Fox 44 Waco
4813:January 28,
4787:January 28,
4671:January 28,
4667:. Nashville
4644:January 28,
4593:January 31,
4589:. Nashville
4545:Kaplan 2006
4521:Silver 2011
4454:Garner 2011
4445:Garner 2011
4432:Merino 2010
4385:Kaplan 2006
4361:Langer 1998
4301:Kaplan 2008
4277:Weiner 2003
4253:Kaplan 2008
4040:Levine 2006
4025:Levine 2006
3844:Schwab 2010
3832:Hirsch 1997
3812:Merino 2010
3800:Berger 1999
3796:Levine 2006
3784:Hirsch 1997
3760:Hirsch 1997
3536:Tzadka 2012
3420:Hirsch 1997
3388:Garner 2011
3340:Morman 2003
3324:Kaplan 2006
3312:Kaplan 2008
3308:Kaplan 2006
3296:Kaplan 2006
3292:Kaplan 2008
3280:Kaplan 2006
3178:Weiner 2003
3077:Kaplan 2008
3031:Kaplan 2008
2999:Weiner 2003
2950:Hirsch 1997
2922:Levine 2006
2880:Hirsch 1997
2837:Gordon 2004
2795:Harvey 1996
2780:Levine 2006
2701:Mandel 2006
2617:Levine 2006
2590:Kaplan 2006
2575:Levine 2006
2559:Levine 2006
2493:Merino 2010
2465:Levine 2006
2416:Gordon 2004
2321:Hebrew name
1951: [
1817:presents a
1562:Umberto Eco
1411:Binky Brown
1391:Harold Gray
1389:. He cited
1377:Master Race
1369:Will Eisner
1268:exploited.
998:Zmora Bitan
976:edition of
967:Victory Day
882:Journalist
653:Will Eisner
602:avant-garde
598:psychedelic
492:Polish Jews
449:experience.
391:Gross-Rosen
386:selektionen
350:barbed wire
272:Częstochowa
9361:Categories
9154:E.B. White
9148:Alex Haley
9078:Love Songs
8926:Journalism
8862:La Perdida
8771:Black Hole
8690:(daughter)
8597:Little Lit
8551:Breakdowns
8408:Audio help
8399:2005-06-23
8345:The Nation
7867:August 23,
7593:August 28,
7469:Newspapers
6987:: 91–109.
6983:(Spring).
6661:. p.
6410:Peter Lang
5534:Peter Lang
5334:Brown 1988
5318:Brown 1988
5294:Chute 2006
5282:Chute 2006
5270:Beaty 2012
5255:Loman 2010
5224:Pekar 1990
5200:Baker 1993
5145:Pekar 1986
5133:Pekar 1990
5129:Pekar 1986
5117:Pekar 1990
5113:Pekar 1986
5061:Loman 2010
5049:Loman 2010
4557:Pustz 2007
4437:Brown 1988
4418:Brown 1988
4401:Orbán 2005
4389:Weine 2006
4357:Witek 2004
4329:Witek 1989
4305:Sabin 1993
4289:Witek 1989
4229:Frahm 2004
4214:Witek 1989
4202:Witek 1989
4190:Weine 2006
4178:Adams 2008
4166:Weine 2006
4112:Witek 2004
4100:Witek 1989
4088:Witek 1989
4076:Witek 1989
3999:0679406417
3976:Rosen 2005
3964:Rosen 2005
3916:Loman 2010
3904:Loman 2010
3820:Brown 1988
3816:Weine 2006
3745:Pustz 2007
3697:Pekar 1986
3661:Witek 1989
3631:Loman 2010
3619:Pustz 2007
3607:Witek 1989
3603:Young 2006
3436:Smith 2007
3416:Witek 1989
3253:Abell 2012
3245:Witek 2004
3217:Witek 2004
3142:Witek 1989
3127:Brown 1988
3094:Conan 2011
3065:Chute 2010
3048:Witek 1989
2954:Adams 2008
2895:Pekar 1986
2772:Young 2006
2673:Adams 2008
2633:Weine 2006
2571:Witek 1989
2505:Pekar 1986
2477:Young 2006
2370:Witek 1989
2358:References
2037:Nominated
1915:Nominated
1864:Flammarion
1819:fatalistic
1806:Michaels,
1777:Marek Kohn
1594:Persepolis
1581:Chris Ware
1504:David Duke
1343:Influences
1333:stationery
1157:schwartser
1108:postmemory
1084:porcupines
1050:Ken Jacobs
1032:approach;
1030:postmodern
516:Volkswagen
486:Background
421:cartoonist
252:frame tale
182:frame-tale
167:postmodern
159:Polish Jew
86:Page count
9259:Bob Dylan
9204:Oklahoma!
9025:Herb Caen
8834:Ice Haven
8813:Epileptic
8307:304791620
8192:. Alondon
8115:April 16,
7918:April 27,
7893:April 16,
7688:April 18,
7666:April 17,
7443:April 16,
7433:1549-6732
7377:0194-7869
7371:: 36–37.
7354:0194-7869
7330:: 27–34.
7302:0194-7869
7296:: 54–57.
7223:1765-2766
7194:146408018
7174:Narrative
7165:0194-7869
7134:0194-7869
7104:1549-6732
7092:ImageText
7086:Patrimony
7059:1780-678X
7038:160818029
7001:0094-0798
6968:0194-7869
6944:: 96–99.
6289:Routledge
5101:Park 2011
4481:Liss 1998
4465:Ruth 2011
4450:Ruth 2011
4441:Ruth 2011
4427:Ruth 2011
4127:Liss 1998
3772:Wolk 2008
3733:Hays 2011
3709:Liss 1998
3693:Liss 1998
3591:Wood 1997
3400:Liss 1998
3154:Blau 2008
2971:Kois 2011
2934:Moss 2017
2868:Rice 2007
2716:Wood 1997
2689:Wood 1997
2685:Kois 2011
2605:Wood 1997
2547:Wood 1997
2450:Liss 1998
1634:sales of
1628:Orwellian
1616:Tennessee
1518:in 1992.
1351:Wordless
1285:Lynd Ward
1210:mauscheln
897:By 2011,
873:apartheid
819:entitled
813:HyperCard
803:released
706:July 2024
698:talk page
634:superhero
630:DC Comics
479:Françoise
468:Zawiercie
358:Auschwitz
342:Zawiercie
276:Sosnowiec
262:in 1945.
256:Rego Park
202:Auschwitz
163:Holocaust
132:1980–1991
94:Publisher
89:296 pages
9296:and the
9290:* (1944)
8985:Max Kase
8935:* (1924)
8478:Archived
8452:Archived
8444:(video)
8410: ·
8303:ProQuest
7908:Urhunden
7648:Websites
7516:June 12,
7494:June 15,
7270:March 1,
7265:54749234
7030:20479765
6832:(2008).
6779:(2006).
6624:MetaMAUS
6312:ABC-CLIO
5794:(1996).
5717:ABC-CLIO
5005:ABC News
4978:HuffPost
4927:HuffPost
2841:Tan 2001
2203:See also
2162:MetaMaus
1926:magazine
1655:Critique
1614:in east
1604:Fun Home
1455:Watchmen
1439:(1919).
1433:such as
1431:woodcuts
1187:Language
1165:Judenrat
1023:itself".
915:swastika
846:epigraph
822:MetaMaus
520:fanzines
331:murdered
246:Synopsis
9281:Service
9071:Letters
8397: (
8368:minutes
8196:May 18,
8069:May 16,
8020:May 18,
7993:June 7,
7708:Maus II
7615:June 7,
7483:Le Soir
7458:(212).
7402:May 15,
7367:(235).
7332:Bibcode
7326:(135).
7292:(113).
7155:(210).
7124:(121).
6946:Bibcode
6940:(145).
6062:139–179
4639:Reuters
2209:Portals
2177:Result
2148:Maus II
2112:Maus II
2090:Maus II
2070:Maus II
1896:Result
1831:natural
1789:unclean
1709:called
1542:listed
1311:Artwork
1304:Joycean
1281:woodcut
1274:surreal
1205:cognate
1076:gentile
986:Israeli
423:and an
346:Gestapo
288:drafted
180:In the
149:, is a
68:Creator
9351:Comics
9337:Portal
9318:(1985)
9312:(1976)
9306:(1948)
9300:(1947)
9273:(2019)
9267:(2010)
9261:(2008)
9255:(2007)
9249:(2006)
9243:(1999)
9237:(1998)
9231:(1985)
9225:(1982)
9219:(1976)
9213:(1974)
9207:(1944)
9180:(2006)
9174:(1992)
9162:(1984)
9156:(1978)
9150:(1977)
9138:(1973)
9128:(1961)
9120:(1960)
9108:(1957)
9102:(1919)
9084:(1918)
9047:(2021)
9035:(2019)
9027:(1996)
9021:(1978)
9015:(1964)
9007:(1958)
9001:(1953)
8993:(1952)
8981:(1951)
8971:(1947)
8963:(1944)
8957:(1941)
8949:(1938)
8941:(1930)
8820:Habibi
8684:(wife)
8675:Family
8590:Arcade
8543:Comics
8327:
8305:
8295:
8272:
8249:
8226:
7758:May 8,
7455:Wizard
7431:
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7244:Shofar
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4962:. CNN.
3996:
2348:Hebrew
2235:Comics
2174:Award
1893:Award
1844:Parody
1785:kosher
1693:, and
1632:Amazon
1533:Wizard
1371:, and
1317:panels
1151:Racism
1098:Memory
1009:Themes
994:fedora
974:Hebrew
959:Arabic
951:Gazeta
907:Polish
887:(left)
809:CD-ROM
686:about
626:Marvel
567:Mickey
512:hippie
399:typhus
395:Dachau
121:Issues
9143:Roots
8636:Other
8484:. In
8321:(PDF)
7423:(1).
7261:S2CID
7217:(1).
7190:S2CID
7098:(1).
7053:(8).
7034:S2CID
7026:JSTOR
6162:Shoah
6154:Night
5860:40–61
5609:: 25.
5496:Books
4710:Yahoo
2271:Notes
2182:2011
2168:Year
2140:1993
2122:1993
2100:1992
2080:1992
2060:1992
2042:1992
2028:1991
2012:1990
1996:1988
1973:1988
1955:]
1944:1988
1920:1987
1901:1986
1887:Year
1796:'
1787:, or
1770:'
1745:'
1508:Times
1235:Style
1228:Moses
1177:kapos
1144:'
1134:Guilt
990:libel
984:. An
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947:'
842:Nadja
380:it".
9197:and
9188:Arts
9171:Maus
9168:for
8869:Maus
8572:Maus
8497:Maus
8473:MAUS
8448:Maus
8325:ISBN
8293:ISBN
8270:ISBN
8247:ISBN
8239:Maus
8224:ISBN
8198:2012
8181:2012
8160:2012
8139:2014
8117:2012
8109:Time
8102:Maus
8091:2012
8071:2012
8058:Maus
8047:2012
8022:2012
7995:2012
7970:2012
7945:2012
7920:2012
7895:2012
7887:Time
7880:Maus
7869:2015
7842:2012
7812:2012
7787:2014
7760:2012
7740:2012
7723:2012
7690:2012
7668:2012
7639:2012
7617:2012
7595:2012
7573:2012
7540:2012
7518:2012
7496:2012
7445:2012
7429:ISSN
7404:2012
7373:ISSN
7350:ISSN
7298:ISSN
7284:Maus
7272:2012
7230:2012
7219:ISSN
7215:2010
7205:Maus
7161:ISSN
7147:Maus
7130:ISSN
7111:2012
7100:ISSN
7082:Maus
7071:2012
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6964:ISSN
6919:2014
6911:Time
6882:ISBN
6859:ISBN
6840:ISBN
6816:ISBN
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6763:ISBN
6740:ISBN
6713:ISBN
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6592:Maus
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6525:ISBN
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6456:ISBN
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6354:Maus
6339:ISBN
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6189:Maus
6174:ISBN
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6139:ISBN
6127:Maus
6112:ISBN
6089:ISBN
6066:ISBN
6047:Maus
6029:ISBN
6006:ISBN
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5960:ISBN
5948:Maus
5933:ISBN
5910:ISBN
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5864:ISBN
5831:ISBN
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5744:ISBN
5721:ISBN
5698:ISBN
5675:ISBN
5650:ISBN
5627:ISBN
5590:ISBN
5565:ISBN
5538:ISBN
5513:ISBN
5351:Lyon
5012:2024
4986:2024
4909:2022
4879:CNBC
4860:2022
4815:2022
4808:CNBC
4789:2022
4673:2022
4646:2022
4595:2022
3994:ISBN
2326:Maus
2285:Maus
2196:Won
2153:Won
2135:Won
2117:Won
2095:Won
2075:Won
2055:Won
2023:Won
2007:Won
1991:Won
1968:Won
1939:Won
1881:Maus
1860:Maus
1856:Katz
1838:Maus
1823:Maus
1815:Maus
1808:Maus
1793:Maus
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1742:Maus
1719:Maus
1713:Maus
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1597:and
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1554:Maus
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1512:Maus
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161:and
140:Maus
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78:Date
61:Maus
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9146:by
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