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34:
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324:, situated at the foothills of Pirin to the north-east of Vihren, the peak looks like a truncated pyramid, and from the south — like а tetrahedral pyramid. The summit is built up marbles and has a karst topography which determines the lack of streams and lakes around Vihren. The closest lakes are the
507:
Vihren was first climbed in winter on 9 January 1925 by T.Atanasov, D.Stoykov, V.Baynov and N.Bozhinov. The classical route to climb the peak is from the Vihren refuge (1,950 m) to the south via the Kabata saddle; this route takes three to four hours in summer and is steep, reaching denivelation
360:
The wildlife is alpine. The flora of Vihren's slopes consists of herbaceous plants and lichens. Vihren is home to a number of habitats, including alpine and sub-alpine open calcareous grasslands that at inclination of 30–45° at altitude over 2,500 m on the marble bedrock forms
343:
The average annual minimal temperature varies between –25° and –21°С, while the maximal temperatures are between 15° and 23°С. The mean annual precipitation is 1150 mm; the snow cover reaches depth of 3 m. There is a meteorological station at 1,950 m.
516:
cirques in the north there is a 400 m-high steep wall which has several tracks from alpine climbing. This wall was first climbed in 1934 by the German alpinists W.Mosel and F.Auer; in winter it was first ascended in 1949 by Al.Belkovski and Vl.Lobodin.
301:(2,635 m) to the south-east. It is connected with these two peaks via the saddles of Premkata (2,610 m) to the north and Kabata (2,535 m) to the south. The summit is located between the valleys of the rivers
243:. Although Vihren is deprived of lakes and streams due to the karst topography, a number of Pirin's lakes are located around the peak, as is Europe's southernmost glacial mass, the
504:
in Bansko and in Vihren refuge. The summit is part of the initiative of the
Bulgarian Tourist Union "Conqueror of the Top Ten Mountain Peaks" to promote mountaineering.
397:
1109:Мичев (Michev), Николай (Nikolay); Михайлов (Mihaylov), Цветко (Tsvetko); Вапцаров (Vaptsarov), Иван (Ivan); Кираджиев (Kiradzhiev), Светлин (Svetlin) (1980).
421:
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of almost 1,000 m in а short time. Other routes include those from the
Banderitsa refuge (1,810 m) or across the knife-edge crest
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336:(the cauldrons). Below the 450 m-high walls of Vihren facing Golemiya Kazan there is a small glacier called
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131:
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497:
274:
293:
Vihren is situated in the northern subdivision of Pirin on the mountain's main ridge between the summits of
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1656:
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520:
From the top there is a view to almost the whole of northern Pirin, as well as to the mountain ranges of
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560:
59:
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626:
2012:
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437:, etc. Rare or endemic herbaceous plants that grow on the slopes of Vihren are edelweiss (
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The fauna includes various bird species, small mammals and abundant populations of
340:, which is Europe's southernmost glacial mass. Its size in summer is 80x90 m.
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to the south-west. To the north are situated the deep and waterless cirques
2017:
2007:
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1137:"Europe's southernmost glaciers: response and adaptation to climate change"
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under No. 2 and stamps to verify the visit can be found in the Museum of
231:. Reaching 2,914 metres (9,560 ft), it is Bulgaria's second and the
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285:
33:
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1611:
1556:
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1130:] (in Bulgarian). София (Sofia): Наука и култура (Nauka i kultura).
1117:] (in Bulgarian). София (Sofia): Наука и култура (Nauka i kultura).
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883:"Alpine and Sub-alpine Closed Calcareous Grasslands"
574:
1295:
855:"Alpine and Sub-alpine Open Calcareous Grasslands"
647:List of the highest European ultra-prominent peaks
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1206:"Official Site of the Bulgarian Tourist Union"
718:
716:
377:; some plant communities have an abundance of
1281:
1135:Grunewald, Karsten; Jörg Scheithauer (2010).
1062:Official Site of the Bulgarian Tourist Union
807:Official Site of the Bulgarian Tourist Union
16:Highest point of Pirin Mountains in Bulgaria
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247:glacieret. Until 1942 Vihren was known as
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877:
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797:
795:
793:
791:
789:
787:
785:
722:
681:"List of Ultra Prominent Peaks of Europe"
1122:Душков (Dushkov), Добри (Dobri) (1972).
728:
675:
673:
671:
487:
351:
284:
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1192:. Official Site of Pirin National Park
872:
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827:Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria 1980
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708:Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria 1980
642:List of European ultra-prominent peaks
1269:
668:
652:Most isolated major summits of Europe
297:(2,908 m) to the north-west and
251:(peak of storms); it was also called
218:
769:Official Site of Pirin National Park
757:
1152:International Glaciological Society
844:
637:Southernmost glacial mass in Europe
13:
14:
2095:
2079:Landforms of Blagoevgrad Province
1182:
1115:Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria
887:Red Book of Bulgaria, Volume III
859:Red Book of Bulgaria, Volume III
632:List of mountains of the Balkans
591:
577:
332:and Malkiya Kazan, known as the
201:Hike/scramble from Vihren refuge
137:
130:
32:
1297:Ultra-prominent peaks of Europe
1102:
1087:
1075:
1050:
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1000:
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1037:Red Book of Bulgaria, Volume I
1012:Red Book of Bulgaria, Volume I
987:Red Book of Bulgaria, Volume I
962:Red Book of Bulgaria, Volume I
912:Red Book of Bulgaria, Volume I
832:
820:
138:
1:
1111:Географски речник на България
662:
622:List of mountains in Bulgaria
498:100 Tourist Sites of Bulgaria
356:Vihren seen above the forests
275:100 Tourist Sites of Bulgaria
280:
273:. Vihren is included in the
269:was originally known as the
64:1,783 m (5,850 ft)
54:2,914 m (9,560 ft)
7:
2084:Two-thousanders of Bulgaria
570:
347:
10:
2100:
1124:Пирин. Туристически речник
483:
2048:Mount Addala-Shukhgelmeer
1998:
1918:
1792:
1736:
1700:
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1410:
1367:
1303:
1128:Pirin. Tourist Dictionary
547:
512:from the north. From the
309:drainage to the west and
259:(lightning-bringer). The
223:) is the highest peak of
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58:
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43:
31:
26:
21:
1304:Scandinavia & Arctic
1252:"Vihren webcam at 1972m"
398:Bellardiochloa variegata
1221:"Ultra Prominent Peaks"
657:List of mountain ranges
567:is named after Vihren.
235:' third highest, after
1657:Grande Tête de l'Obiou
1427:Roque de los Muchachos
908:"Leontopodium alpinum"
561:South Shetland Islands
493:
357:
320:Seen from the town of
317:drainage to the east.
290:
1919:Mediterranean islands
1602:Grigna Settentrionale
1190:"Pirin National Park"
1144:Journal of Glaciology
685:Ultra Prominent Peaks
627:Geography of Bulgaria
491:
355:
288:
104:41.76778°N 23.40083°E
38:Vihren from the north
958:"Oxytropis urumovii"
496:Vihren is among the
440:Leontopodium alpinum
422:Onobrychis pindicola
416:Koeleria eriostachya
271:Vihren National Park
165:Blagoevgrad Province
151:Location in Bulgaria
1968:Other Greek islands
983:"Alyssum pirinicum"
617:Pirin National Park
392:Alyssum cuneifolium
368:Sesleria korabensis
267:Pirin National Park
264:World Heritage Site
100: /
2074:Mountains of Pirin
1432:Pico de las Nieves
1359:Mount Kruzenshtern
1033:"Thymus perinicus"
1008:"Timmia norvegica"
494:
452:Oxytropis urumovii
434:Sesleria coerulans
428:Scutellaria alpina
386:Sesleria coerulans
380:Carex kitaibeliana
358:
291:
109:41.76778; 23.40083
44:Highest point
2061:
2060:
1748:Gerlachovský štít
1470:
1331:Store Lenangstind
933:"Papaver degenii"
557:Livingston Island
458:Alyssum pirinicum
410:Cerastium lanatum
404:Bromus lacmonicus
389:. There are also
220:[ˈvixrɛn]
205:
204:
2091:
1938:Punta La Marmora
1768:Pietrosul Rodnei
1718:Serra Dolcedorme
1532:Barre des Écrins
1464:
1411:Atlantic islands
1389:Torre de Cerredo
1349:Hvannadalshnúkur
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1238:. Peakbagger.com
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1162:. Archived from
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1084:, pp. 42–43
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502:Nikola Vaptsarov
470:Thymus perinicus
464:Timmia norvegica
443:), Pirin poppy (
289:A view of Vihren
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2038:Mount Dyultydag
1994:
1914:
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1632:Jôf di Montasio
1512:Hoher Dachstein
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1169:on 2 April 2015
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1064:
1058:"Top Ten Peaks"
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374:Carex rupestris
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1183:External links
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1403:
1399:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1291:
1286:
1284:
1279:
1277:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1253:
1249:
1237:
1233:
1222:
1218:
1207:
1203:
1191:
1187:
1186:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1138:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1107:
1106:
1095:
1090:
1083:
1078:
1063:
1059:
1053:
1038:
1034:
1028:
1013:
1009:
1003:
988:
984:
978:
963:
959:
953:
938:
934:
928:
913:
909:
903:
888:
884:
878:
876:
860:
856:
850:
848:
840:
835:
829:, p. 230
828:
823:
808:
804:
803:"Vihren Peak"
798:
796:
794:
792:
790:
788:
786:
770:
766:
760:
753:
748:
746:
744:
742:
740:
738:
736:
734:
732:
725:, p. 129
724:
719:
717:
710:, p. 112
709:
704:
702:
686:
682:
676:
674:
672:
667:
658:
655:
653:
650:
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645:
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638:
635:
633:
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625:
623:
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608:
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604:
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589:
586:
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568:
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531:
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411:
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394:
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388:
387:
382:
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376:
375:
370:
369:
365:dominated by
364:
354:
345:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
326:Vlahini Lakes
323:
318:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
299:Hvoynati Vrah
296:
287:
278:
277:under No. 2.
276:
272:
268:
265:
262:
258:
255:(stormy) and
254:
250:
246:
242:
241:Mount Olympus
238:
234:
230:
226:
221:
213:
209:
200:
198:
196:Easiest route
192:
187:
184:
181:
179:
173:
170:
166:
163:
159:
133:
123:
118:
113:
85:
83:
79:
76:
73:
71:
67:
63:
61:
57:
53:
51:
47:
42:
35:
30:
25:
20:
1985:
1967:
1949:
1941:
1933:
1925:
1910:Psili Koryfi
1809:
1779:
1771:
1753:Parângu Mare
1743:
1708:Corno Grande
1682:Zirbitzkogel
1672:Grand Combin
1597:Großer Priel
1507:Dufourspitze
1449:
1440:
1417:
1402:Puy de Sancy
1397:
1374:
1354:Newtontoppen
1339:
1321:Jiehkkevárri
1311:Galdhøpiggen
1255:. Retrieved
1240:. Retrieved
1224:. Retrieved
1209:. Retrieved
1194:. Retrieved
1171:. Retrieved
1164:the original
1147:
1143:
1127:
1123:
1114:
1110:
1096:, p. 43
1094:Dushkov 1972
1089:
1082:Dushkov 1972
1077:
1065:. Retrieved
1061:
1052:
1040:. Retrieved
1036:
1027:
1015:. Retrieved
1011:
1002:
990:. Retrieved
986:
977:
965:. Retrieved
961:
952:
940:. Retrieved
936:
927:
915:. Retrieved
911:
902:
890:. Retrieved
886:
862:. Retrieved
858:
841:, p. 80
839:Dushkov 1972
834:
822:
810:. Retrieved
806:
772:. Retrieved
768:
759:
754:, p. 42
752:Dushkov 1972
688:. Retrieved
684:
551:
519:
513:
506:
495:
475:
468:
462:
456:
450:
444:
438:
432:
426:
420:
414:
408:
402:
396:
390:
384:
378:
372:
366:
363:phytocenosis
359:
342:
333:
319:
303:Vlahina reka
292:
270:
257:Malnienosets
256:
252:
248:
207:
206:
177:Parent range
1855:Kajmakčalan
1744:Carpathians
1692:Cima Brenta
1572:Chamechaude
1562:Cima Dodici
1336:Sarektjåkkå
1242:16 December
1226:16 December
1211:16 December
1154:: 129–142.
1067:16 December
1042:16 December
1017:16 December
992:16 December
967:16 December
917:16 December
892:16 December
864:16 December
812:16 December
774:16 December
690:16 December
553:Vihren Peak
107: /
82:Coordinates
2068:Categories
2023:Tebulosmta
1875:Këndrevica
1776:Roman-Kosh
1758:Moldoveanu
1612:Presanella
1492:Wildspitze
1477:Mont Blanc
1344:Beerenberg
1340:On islands
1316:Kebnekaise
1196:6 December
1103:References
663:References
565:Antarctica
311:Banderitsa
95:23°24′03″E
92:41°46′04″N
60:Prominence
2043:Kaputjugh
2013:Bazardüzü
1959:Lefka Ori
1885:Parnassus
1784:Narodnaya
1701:Apennines
1677:Tournette
1592:Grintovec
1577:Zugspitze
1517:Marmolada
1502:Hochkönig
1160:0022-1430
765:"History"
542:Slavyanka
534:Ograzhden
530:Maleshevo
338:Snezhnika
281:Geography
245:Snezhnika
212:Bulgarian
120:Geography
50:Elevation
2033:Dykh-Tau
2000:Caucasus
1984:—
1970::
1966:—
1948:—
1940:—
1934:Sardinia
1932:—
1900:Valamara
1870:Jakupica
1860:Smolikas
1815:Taygetus
1778:—
1770:—
1723:Montalto
1667:Grimming
1622:Col Nudo
1617:Birnhorn
1439:—
1418:Canaries
1396:—
1394:Almanzor
1379:Mulhacén
1338:—
1326:Snøhetta
1236:"Vihren"
571:See also
538:Belasica
514:Kazanite
510:Koncheto
348:Wildlife
334:Kazanite
225:Bulgaria
189:Climbing
169:Bulgaria
161:Location
2028:Aragats
1990:Olympus
1988::
1982:Fengari
1952::
1944::
1936::
1928::
1926:Corsica
1880:Radomir
1845:Papingu
1835:Kyllini
1825:Jezercë
1805:Olympus
1793:Balkans
1782::
1774::
1763:Peleaga
1746::
1662:Hochtor
1637:Polinik
1607:Bondone
1587:Arcalod
1582:Antelao
1527:Triglav
1497:Bernina
1452::
1450:Madeira
1443::
1437:Malpaso
1420::
1400::
1377::
1342::
1257:29 July
1173:6 March
942:22 July
559:in the
526:Rhodope
484:Tourism
478:chamois
473:, etc.
313:of the
305:of the
233:Balkans
70:Listing
2018:Kazbek
2008:Elbrus
1986:Cyprus
1942:Sicily
1810:Vihren
1800:Musala
1772:Crimea
1728:Cimone
1542:Ortler
1537:Säntis
1441:Azores
1158:
612:Kutelo
548:Honour
492:Vihren
322:Bansko
307:Struma
295:Kutelo
261:UNESCO
249:Eltepe
237:Musala
216:Вихрен
208:Vihren
145:Vihren
27:Вихрен
22:Vihren
2053:Shani
1977:Ainos
1972:Dirfi
1964:Dikti
1950:Crete
1930:Cinto
1890:Botev
1865:Giona
1830:Athos
1820:Korab
1780:Urals
1713:Amaro
1687:Kesch
1547:Baldo
1463:Alps
1454:Ruivo
1422:Teide
1384:Aneto
1375:Spain
1167:(PDF)
1140:(PDF)
1126:[
1113:[
607:Pirin
315:Mesta
253:Buren
75:Ultra
1946:Etna
1905:Baba
1895:Çika
1840:Ossa
1642:Tödi
1557:Coca
1522:Viso
1467:List
1445:Pico
1259:2020
1244:2017
1228:2017
1213:2017
1198:2017
1175:2015
1156:ISSN
1069:2017
1044:2017
1019:2017
994:2017
969:2017
944:2018
919:2017
894:2017
866:2017
814:2017
776:2017
692:2017
540:and
522:Rila
383:and
239:and
1954:Ida
555:on
449:),
227:'s
2070::
1150:.
1148:56
1146:.
1142:.
1060:.
1035:.
1010:.
985:.
960:.
935:.
910:.
885:.
874:^
857:.
846:^
805:.
784:^
767:.
730:^
715:^
700:^
683:.
670:^
563:,
544:.
536:,
532:,
528:,
524:,
480:.
467:,
461:,
455:,
431:,
425:,
419:,
413:,
407:,
401:,
395:,
214::
167:,
1469:)
1465:(
1289:e
1282:t
1275:v
1261:.
1246:.
1230:.
1215:.
1200:.
1177:.
1071:.
1046:.
1021:.
996:.
971:.
946:.
921:.
896:.
868:.
816:.
778:.
694:.
210:(
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