1084:
359:
240:, which by then had begun their transition away from Communism, they began to look for other foreign destinations in which they could earn good incomes, and Japan proved attractive due to its nearby location and high standard of living. By the end of 1994, the annual number of Vietnamese workers going to Japan totalled 14,305 individuals, mostly under industrial traineeship visas. In contrast to other labour-exporting countries in
836:
785:
345:
263:
The refugees have suffered various difficulties adjusting to
Japanese society, especially in the areas of education and employment; their attendance rate in senior high school is estimated to be only 40%, as compared to 96.6% for Japanese nationals, a fact attributed both to the refugees' lack of
273:
children born or educated in Japan, due to language barriers and differences in culture; the former feel the latter are too reserved and distant, while the latter deride the former for their poor
Japanese language skills. Most Vietnamese do not take on
213:
refugees and their families, who compose about 70% of the total population. Japan began to accept refugees from
Vietnam in the late 1970s. The policy of accepting foreign migrants marked a significant break from Japan's
193:
A letter dating from 1591 mentions two
Vietnamese merchants/agents/diplomats named Chen Liangshan (陳梁山) and Longyan (隆厳) arrived in Japan and offered to the "King of Japan" (addressed as 日本国国王) Vietnamese exotic goods.
268:
proficiency as well as the schools' own inability to adjust to the challenges of educating students with different cultural backgrounds. Tensions have also arisen between migrants admitted to Japan as adults, and
236:
began to follow the refugees to Japan in the so-called "third wave" of
Vietnamese migration beginning in the 1990s. As contract workers returned home to Vietnam from the countries of the former
595:
1178:
230:-dominated neighbourhoods; however, they feel little sense of community with Zainichi Koreans, seeing them not as fellow ethnic minorities but as part of the mainstream.
531:
244:, the vast majority of migrants were men, due to the Vietnamese government's restrictions on migration for work in traditionally female-dominated fields such as
282:
even if they have a
Japanese name, though they feel a Japanese name may be necessary for job-seeking and they sometimes complain of being teased for having "
209:
pioneered. By 1908, 200 Vietnamese students had gone to study at
Japanese universities. However, the community of Vietnamese people in Japan is dominated by
433:
173:. In December 2023, there were 565,026 legally resident. In 2007, when there were only about 35,000 Vietnamese legally living in Japan, the majority of
610:
1166:
1364:
1421:
773:
463:
Shingaki, Masami; Asano, Shinichi (2003), "The lifestyles and ethnic identity of
Vietnamese youth residing in Japan", in Goodman, Roger (ed.),
1122:
407:
226:
prefectures, the locations of the initial resettlement centres. As they moved out of the resettlement centres, they often gravitated to
751:
197:
Large numbers of
Vietnamese students began to choose Japan as a destination in the early 20th century, spurred by the exiled prince
1426:
532:
Letter from
Vietnamese vice-minister and marquis Nguyen to the “King of Japan” by National Institutes for Cultural Heritage (NICH)
1411:
1343:
1289:
658:
1416:
1323:
634:
Anh, Dang Nguyen (2003), "Labour Emigration and Emigration Pressures in Transitional Vietnam", in Iredale, Robyn R. (ed.),
1216:
766:
1115:
694:
643:
576:
552:
499:
472:
1431:
1406:
1316:
1206:
730:
704:
1304:
1279:
1243:
1223:
1088:
759:
1311:
1294:
1274:
1145:
1108:
1069:
890:
1338:
1333:
1299:
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1258:
1211:
1064:
372:
170:
781:
1233:
252:
1369:
1248:
1238:
218:
orientation towards promoting and maintaining racial homogeneity. Most of these migrants settled in
1049:
99:
1253:
865:
855:
332:, Japanese Thai photographer (Born to a Thai mother of Vietnamese descent and a Japanese father)
1385:
1359:
1039:
961:
377:
1196:
1054:
1034:
966:
850:
498:"平成１９年末現在における外国人登録者統計について (About the statistics of registered foreigners at 2007 year-end)",
486:
395:
317:
302:
290:
270:
198:
596:"A Case Study of Indochinese Refugees in Japan: Their experiences at school and occupations"
1328:
1173:
1161:
1018:
920:
880:
789:
206:
8:
1131:
915:
905:
860:
808:
219:
150:
87:
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1002:
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306:
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981:
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885:
820:
690:
639:
572:
548:
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123:
83:
956:
910:
895:
875:
227:
166:
162:
935:
663:
279:
245:
107:
66:
54:
255:
travel between Japan and Vietnam was restricted, temporarily halting migration.
178:
976:
930:
925:
900:
364:
241:
70:
465:
Global Japan: The Experience of Japan's New Immigrant and Overseas Communities
1400:
275:
731:"日本におけるベトナム人定住者の社会的統合 (Social integration of Vietnamese residents in Japan)"
709:[Survey on attitudes of Vietnamese residents towards work and life]
636:
Migration in the Asia Pacific: Population, Settlement and Citizenship Issues
740:(in Japanese) (74), Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University
350:
237:
233:
215:
202:
1059:
508:
329:
210:
323:
205:(literally, "Travel East movement" or "Eastern Travel movement") he and
1201:
182:
1100:
702:
111:
659:"Unable to return home, unable to work: a Vietnamese woman in Japan"
813:
311:
283:
103:
58:
687:
Families Crossing Borders: The World of Ethnic Vietnamese in Japan
174:
1044:
545:
A Vietnamese Royal Exile in Japan: Prince Cường Để (1882-1951)
784:
717:(76), Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University
408:"Nisshinkustu - Ngôi chùa gắn bó với người Việt tại Nhật Bản"
158:
50:
46:
703:
Kurata, Yoshiki; Fujiko Nishino; Katsuhiko Tsuzaki (2001),
293:
quickly came to play an important role in their community.
62:
161:'s second-largest community of foreign residents ahead of
507:, Japan: Ministry of Justice, June 2008, archived from
738:
Discussion Papers, Project on Intergenerational Equity
715:
Discussion Papers, Project on Intergenerational Equity
340:
314:, female idol (Vietnamese parents, raised in Japan)
567:Chandler, David P.; Steinberg, David Joel (1987),
566:
305:, Vietnamese revolutionary and royal relative of
1398:
571:, University of Hawaii Press, pp. 315–316,
142:
136:
1116:
767:
728:
638:, Edward Elgar Publishing, pp. 169–180,
569:In Search of Southeast Asia: A Modern History
462:
438:, Buddhist Dharma Education Association, 2006
1123:
1109:
774:
760:
458:
456:
454:
452:
389:
326:, voice actor (Vietnamese/Japanese parent)
729:Nishino, Fumiko; Kurata, Yoshiki (2001),
589:
587:
680:
480:
432:"Vietnamese Buddhist centers in Japan",
1130:
560:
449:
1399:
584:
296:
1422:Japanese people of Vietnamese descent
1104:
755:
169:, according to the statistics of the
542:
188:
41:Regions with significant populations
633:
536:
13:
674:
593:
547:, Routledge, pp. 3–5, 41–47,
14:
1443:
1083:
1082:
834:
783:
357:
343:
1427:Vietnamese expatriates in Japan
651:
627:
467:, Routledge, pp. 165–176,
1412:Vietnamese diaspora by country
681:Kawakami, Ikuō (March 2001),
525:
491:
425:
400:
258:
1:
383:
177:legal residents lived in the
1070:Illegal immigration to Japan
603:Keizai Keiei Kenkyūsho Nenbō
320:, artist (Vietnamese father)
7:
1417:Vietnamese diaspora in Asia
1065:Alien registration in Japan
336:
143:
36:565,026 (in December, 2023)
10:
1448:
132:Vietnamese people in Japan
22:Vietnamese people in Japan
1378:
1352:
1267:
1189:
1154:
1138:
1078:
1027:
1011:
990:
949:
843:
832:
796:
609:: 210–228, archived from
278:, or prefer to use their
137:
122:
117:
98:
93:
82:
77:
45:
40:
35:
30:
1050:Japanese nationality law
705:
682:
435:World Buddhist Directory
100:Vietnamese folk religion
1432:Asian diaspora in Japan
373:Japan–Vietnam relations
155:Người Việt tại Nhật Bản
26:Người Việt tại Nhật Bản
1407:Ethnic groups in Japan
1386:Vietnamese boat people
1040:Ethnic groups of Japan
706:ベトナム人定住者の就労と生活に関する実態調査
689:], Akashi Shoten,
378:Ethnic groups of Japan
154:
1055:Foreign-born Japanese
1035:Black people in Japan
683:越境する家族―在日ベトナム系住民の生活世界
543:Tran, My-Van (2005),
487:令和５年末現在における在留外国人数について
396:令和５年末現在における在留外国人数について
318:Jun Nguyen-Hatsushiba
291:Roman Catholic Church
271:1.5 or 2nd-generation
118:Related ethnic groups
790:Immigration to Japan
144:Zainichi Betonamujin
1132:Overseas Vietnamese
297:Notable individuals
171:Ministry of Justice
27:
248:or entertainment.
21:
1394:
1393:
1320:
1308:
1220:
1182:
1170:
1098:
1097:
667:. 16 August 2021.
266:Japanese language
253:COVID-19 pandemic
189:Migration history
129:
128:
124:Vietnamese people
1439:
1314:
1302:
1214:
1176:
1164:
1125:
1118:
1111:
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412:Voice of Vietnam
404:
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348:
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280:Vietnamese names
203:Đông Du Movement
167:Chinese in Japan
163:Koreans in Japan
148:
146:
140:
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31:Total population
28:
20:
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1446:
1442:
1441:
1440:
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1437:
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1397:
1396:
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792:
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780:
743:
741:
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675:Further reading
672:
664:The Japan Times
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632:
628:
619:
617:
616:on 9 April 2008
613:
598:
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579:
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541:
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530:
526:
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515:
514:on 24 June 2008
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228:Zainichi Korean
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183:Keihanshin area
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19:
12:
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5:
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1344:United Kingdom
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1290:Czech Republic
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1217:migrant brides
1209:
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1191:
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594:Hosoya, Sari,
583:
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490:
479:
473:
448:
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365:Vietnam portal
354:
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327:
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276:Japanese names
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242:Southeast Asia
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1365:New Caledonia
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1174:United States
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739:
732:
727:
716:
708:
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698:
696:4-7503-1385-8
692:
688:
679:
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666:
665:
660:
654:
647:
645:1-84064-860-0
641:
637:
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612:
608:
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597:
590:
588:
580:
578:0-8248-1110-0
574:
570:
563:
556:
554:0-415-29716-8
550:
546:
539:
533:
528:
510:
503:
502:
501:Press release
494:
488:
483:
476:
474:0-415-29741-9
470:
466:
459:
457:
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453:
437:
436:
428:
414:, 15 May 2013
413:
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403:
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287:
285:
281:
277:
272:
267:
256:
254:
249:
247:
246:domestic work
243:
239:
235:
234:Guest workers
231:
229:
225:
221:
217:
212:
208:
207:Phan Bội Châu
204:
200:
195:
186:
184:
180:
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68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
39:
34:
29:
16:
1228:
1087:
940:
851:Bangladeshis
742:, retrieved
737:
719:, retrieved
714:
686:
662:
653:
635:
629:
618:, retrieved
611:the original
606:
602:
568:
562:
544:
538:
527:
516:, retrieved
509:the original
500:
493:
482:
464:
440:, retrieved
434:
427:
416:, retrieved
411:
402:
391:
351:Japan portal
288:
262:
250:
238:Eastern Bloc
232:
216:World War II
196:
192:
179:Kantō region
131:
130:
18:Ethnic group
15:
1370:New Zealand
1324:Netherlands
1249:Philippines
1019:Australians
921:Sri Lankans
881:Indonesians
442:20 February
330:Masato Seto
259:Integration
251:During the
211:Vietnam War
165:and behind
108:Catholicism
1401:Categories
941:Vietnamese
916:Pakistanis
906:Mongolians
861:Cambodians
809:Brazilians
384:References
286:names".
175:Vietnamese
151:Vietnamese
88:Vietnamese
1360:Australia
1254:Singapore
1207:Hong Kong
1060:Fushūgaku
1003:Nigerians
998:Ghanaians
871:Filipinos
826:Peruvians
804:Americans
744:3 January
721:3 January
620:3 January
518:9 January
312:Phong Chi
112:Shintoism
78:Languages
67:Nagata-ku
1280:Bulgaria
1244:Malaysia
1197:Cambodia
1155:Americas
1089:Category
1028:See also
982:Russians
972:Italians
886:Iranians
821:Mexicans
814:Dekasegi
797:Americas
337:See also
324:Yūki Tai
303:Cường Để
284:katakana
220:Kanagawa
201:and the
199:Cường Để
104:Buddhism
94:Religion
84:Japanese
71:Hyogo-ku
59:Yokohama
55:Ikuno-ku
1379:Related
1353:Oceania
1312:Germany
1295:Finland
1275:Belgium
1179:by city
1167:Toronto
1146:Senegal
1012:Oceania
957:Britons
911:Nepalis
896:Koreans
876:Indians
866:Chinese
856:Burmese
418:22 July
157:) form
138:在日ベトナム人
24:在日ベトナム人
1339:Russia
1334:Poland
1329:Norway
1317:Berlin
1300:France
1285:Cyprus
1268:Europe
1259:Turkey
1224:Israel
1212:Taiwan
1162:Canada
1139:Africa
1045:Gaijin
991:Africa
962:French
950:Europe
936:Uzbeks
693:
642:
575:
551:
471:
307:Nguyễn
1305:Paris
1234:Korea
1229:Japan
1202:China
977:Poles
967:Irish
931:Turks
926:Thais
901:Kurds
734:(PDF)
711:(PDF)
685:[
614:(PDF)
599:(PDF)
512:(PDF)
505:(PDF)
224:Hyōgo
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