674:
692:
638:
665:
710:
629:
611:
656:
364:
647:
216:
20:
701:
683:
620:
28:
107:
77:
origin has also been claimed. Organized since the 3rd
Century BC, the Vettones formed a tribal confederacy of undetermined strength. Even though their tribes' names are obscure, the study of local epigraphic evidence has identified the
773:
563:
555:
Despite their progressive assimilation into the Roman world, the
Vettones managed to retain their martial traditions, which enabled them to provide the Roman Army with an auxiliary cavalry unit (
395:, the Vettones threw off their yoke soon after 206 BC. However, a mercenary contingent of Vettones accompanied Hannibal on his march to Italy, led by the chieftain Balarus. At the
168:
160:
320:
1446:
457:
attempted to methodically secure the cities and tribes of central
Hispania by establishing fortified bases for his military operations in Vettonia, mainly at
1437:
470:
257:
territory. Their own capital city, which the ancient sources mysteriously failed to mention at all, has not yet been found though other towns mentioned by
2161:
673:
352:
2166:
79:
691:
637:
420:
83:
1122:
Les castros vettons et leurs populations au Second Âge du Fer (Ve siècle-IIe siècle avant J.-C.), I: implantation et systèmes défensives
1136:
Les castros vettons et leurs populations au Second Âge du Fer (Ve siècle-IIe siècle avant J.-C.), II: l’habitat, l’économie, la société
768:
147:
that still dot their former region. These are one of their most notable enduring legacies today, the other possibly being the game of
1430:
1051:
956:
881:
481:), but this did not prevented the Vettones from providing auxiliary troops to Sertorius' army in 77-76 BC. Crushed by the provincial
95:
87:
225:
204:
1410:
1377:
1352:
1335:
1283:
1199:
1185:
849:
837:
1423:
2176:
2171:
1391:
1321:
1306:
1255:
1241:
1227:
1213:
1171:
1157:
1115:
1097:
454:
1092:, Sydney, Australia: Sydney Series in Celtic Studies 2, Centre for Celtic Studies, University of Sydney (1992)
797:
664:
501:
828:
Wodtko, Dagmar S. (2010). "Chapter 11: The
Problem of Lusitanian". In Cunliffe, Barry; Koch, John T. (eds.).
709:
172:
110:
1070:
628:
180:
572:
512:
In the 1st
Century BC, the Romans began to establish military colonies throughout Vettonia, first at
557:
336:
176:
830:
Celtic from the West: Alternative
Perspectives from Archaeology, Genetics, Language and Literature
802:
e-Keltoi: Journal of
Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies, Vol. 6 (The Celts in the Iberian Peninsula)
1264:, National Geographic História, edição especial, RBA Revistas S.L., Barcelona (2022), pp. 34-43.
372:
70:
1269:
1143:
1129:
126:
54:
391:
in the late 3rd century BC. At first placed under nominal Punic suzerainty by the time of the
1344:
The
Romanization of Central Spain: Complexity, Diversity and Change in a Provincial Hinterland
1138:
in
Revista Portuguesa de Arqueologia, pp. 209–242, volume 8, número 2, IPA Lisboa (2005)
1124:
in
Revista Portuguesa de Arqueologia, pp. 209–242, volume 8, número 1, IPA Lisboa (2005)
540:), and in around 27-13 BC the Vettones were aggregated to the newly created Roman province of
383:, the Vettones helped the latter in their struggle against the advancing Carthaginians led by
250:
1694:
1689:
1462:
1415:
1342:
610:
238:
1108:
Historia de España 2 - colonizaciones y formación de los pueblos prerromanos (1200-218 a.C)
521:
292:
234:
8:
2102:
1631:
1248:
Los señores del ganado – Arqueología de los pueblos prerromanos en el occidente de Iberia
442:, the Vettones continued to raid the more romanized regions further south and during the
2048:
1194:, Zona Arqueológia número 19-II, Museo Arqueológico Regional, Alcalá de Henares (2016)
743:
655:
525:
384:
363:
312:
246:
242:
164:
35:
1180:, Zona Arqueológia número 19-I, Museo Arqueológico Regional, Alcalá de Henares (2016)
537:
462:
324:
2137:
1928:
1509:
1450:
1387:
1373:
1348:
1331:
1317:
1302:
1279:
1265:
1251:
1237:
1223:
1209:
1195:
1181:
1167:
1153:
1139:
1125:
1111:
1093:
845:
833:
646:
447:
439:
344:
230:
58:
2066:
1933:
1719:
936:
861:
763:
478:
443:
392:
549:
215:
1938:
970:
904:
493:
276:
2129:
1901:
753:
396:
284:
46:
1405:
19:
2155:
1033:
975:
758:
485:
196:
1166:, Crítica, Grijalbo Mondadori, S.A., Barcelona (1998, revised edition 2007)
2133:
2107:
1583:
738:
118:
74:
69:
Lujan (2007) concludes that some of the names of the Vettones show clearly
1884:
1328:
The Roman Wars in Spain: The Military Confrontation with Guerrilla Warfare
184:
1979:
1913:
1626:
1539:
1192:
La necrópolis vettona de La Osera (Chamartín, Ávila, España) – volumen II
200:
156:
1178:
La necrópolis vettona de La Osera (Chamartín, Ávila, España) – volumen I
895:
Edmondson, "A criação de uma sociedade provincial romana" (2022), p. 36.
682:
619:
2001:
1852:
1842:
1832:
1739:
1734:
1636:
1524:
1504:
1059:. Antigua: Historia y Arqueología de las civilizaciones. pp. 3, 4.
728:
700:
482:
416:
122:
91:
1260:
Jonathan Edmondson, "A criação de uma sociedade provincial romana" in
268:
263:
2097:
2028:
2018:
2008:
1945:
1918:
1874:
1794:
1601:
1549:
1544:
1534:
1519:
1499:
1206:
Los vettones: indigenismo y romanización en el occidente de la meseta
733:
541:
451:
192:
140:
2141:
2071:
1889:
1869:
1864:
1809:
1779:
1769:
1709:
1659:
1651:
1606:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1514:
1494:
1486:
1476:
1471:
1458:
952:
877:
568:
497:
408:
404:
388:
380:
254:
152:
129:‘Cogotas II’ Culture, also known as the ‘Culture of the Verracos’ (
2121:
2081:
2076:
2013:
1984:
1955:
1950:
1923:
1879:
1859:
1837:
1789:
1774:
1764:
1759:
1714:
1699:
1679:
1669:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1591:
1529:
920:
748:
723:
592:
432:
412:
400:
368:
258:
188:
136:
131:
399:
of the 2nd century BC they joined once again the Lusitani under
300:
2125:
2058:
2023:
1989:
1906:
1847:
1814:
1804:
1799:
1754:
1744:
1729:
1724:
1704:
1684:
1664:
1411:
Detailed map of the Pre-Roman Peoples of Iberia (around 200 BC)
988:
596:
489:
428:
117:
A predominately horse- and cattle-herder people that practiced
27:
1445:
106:
1970:
1894:
1784:
1749:
1674:
1641:
1596:
1574:
148:
2136:. The Madeira and Azores islands were unoccupied until the
1004:
144:
1370:
Viriathus and the Lusitanian resistance to Rome 155-139 BC
1365:, Author Solutions (2011) ISBNs 1426981821, 9781426981821
438:
Although technically incorporated around 134-133 BC into
233:—the region where the modern Spanish provinces of
1406:
Mapa del territorio vettón (Map of Vettonian Territory)
1250:, Colección Arqueología, Editorial Akal, Madrid (2003)
1150:
Vetones: Historia y Arqueología de un pueblo prerromano
1152:, Ediciones de la Universidad Autónoma, Madrid (2000)
423:
and the failed incursion on the North African town of
1208:, Ediciones Universidad Salamanca, Salamanca (2001)
832:. Celtic Studies Publications. Oxford: Oxbow Books.
1363:
The Roman Barbarian Wars: The Era of Roman Conquest
1386:, ABC-CLIO Inc., Santa Barbara, California (2006)
187:have provided enough elements – weapons, shields,
151:, which dates to the time of their influence. The
1340:
2153:
1049:
795:
1236:, Real Academia de la Historia, Madrid (2003)
1218:Martín Almagro-Gorbea & Ana Maria Martín,
1053:Las colonias romanas de la provincia Lusitania
223:The Vettones lived in the western part of the
2140:in the 15th century; the Canary islands, the
1431:
1262:A Lusitânia Romana: fronteira do mundo antigo
583:The Vettones are not to be confused with the
446:of the early 1st century BC, they sided with
2144:occupied the territory until the Castilians.
1372:, Pen & Sword Military, Barnsley (2013)
1330:, Pen & Sword Military, Barnsley (2015)
1278:, Pen & Sword Military, Barnsley (2013)
798:"Oppida and Celtic society in western Spain"
253:and also the eastern border areas of modern
229:—the high central upland plain of the
199:– which attest the strong contacts with the
1582:
207:, the Iberian south and the Mediterranean.
2162:Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula
1438:
1424:
821:
769:Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula
1384:Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia
791:
789:
774:Ala Hispanorum Vettonum civium Romanorum
564:Ala Hispanorum Vettonum Civium Romanorum
488:in 61 BC, they later rose in support of
362:
214:
105:
26:
18:
1222:, Editorial Complutense, Madrid (1994)
1071:"El caballo en la sociedad celtibérica"
964:
552:) as the capital of the new province.
315:). Other probable Vettonian towns were
125:has identified them with the local 2nd
2167:Celtic tribes of the Iberian Peninsula
2154:
827:
786:
1419:
1299:The Celts – A Very Short Introduction
1276:Sertorius and the struggle for Spain
1022:Sertorius and the struggle for Spain
23:Location of the Vettones in Hispania
532:(near Cáceres), latter followed by
155:sites and respective cemeteries of
13:
1290:
1110:, Editorial Gredos, Madrid (1989)
1050:Garcia y Bellido, Antonio (1958).
796:Álvarez-Sanchís, Jesús R. (2005).
191:, belt buckles, bronze cauldrons,
14:
2188:
1399:
1316:, The Collins Press, Cork (2002)
1301:, Oxford University Press (2003)
844:Reissued in 2012 in softcover as
98:, but the others remain unknown.
1341:Leonard A Curchin (5 May 2004).
1164:Los Celtíberos, etnias y estados
708:
699:
690:
681:
672:
663:
654:
645:
636:
627:
618:
609:
567:, which participated in Emperor
219:Location of the Vettones' cities
1220:Castros y Oppida en Extremadura
1081:
1063:
1043:
1027:
1014:
998:
982:
946:
573:invasion of Britain in AD 43–60
507:
455:Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius
241:are today, as well as parts of
930:
914:
898:
889:
871:
855:
808:
139:sculptures representing pigs,
1:
492:'s faction and fought at the
7:
1347:. Routledge. pp. 37–.
717:
578:
210:
10:
2193:
1246:Jesús R. Álvarez-Sanchís,
1232:Jesús R. Álvarez-Sanchís,
1190:Isabel Baquedano Beltrán,
1176:Isabel Baquedano Beltrán,
1162:Francisco Burillo Mozota,
602:
379:Traditional allies of the
358:
101:
64:
2132:were not occupied by the
2118:
2090:
2057:
2041:
1968:
1823:
1650:
1573:
1485:
1457:
1204:Manuel Salinas de Frías,
375:(Castile and León, Spain)
327:; Celtiberian-type mint:
135:), named after the crude
2177:Tribes conquered by Rome
2172:Ancient peoples of Spain
1148:Eduardo Sánchez Moreno,
779:
303:– Cáceres) and probably
111:Castro of Yecla la Vieja
57:pre-Roman people of the
373:Villanueva del Campillo
16:Ancient people of Spain
1361:Ludwig Heinrich Dyck,
376:
321:Villasviejas de Tamuja
261:were located, such as
220:
114:
71:western Hispano-Celtic
38:
24:
1695:Celtici Supertamarici
1690:Celtici Praestamarici
366:
218:
109:
30:
22:
1382:John T. Koch (ed.),
1314:The Celts: A History
1134:Christophe Bonnaud,
1120:Christophe Bonnaud,
1073:. 24 September 2015.
1024:(2013), pp. 79; 144.
522:Talavera de la Reina
411:in their attacks on
165:El Raso de Candeleda
1090:The Celts in Europe
958:Quaestiones Romanes
883:Quaestiones Romanes
816:The Celts in Europe
32:Altar of sacrifices
2049:Germani (Oretania)
744:Celtiberian script
385:Hasdrubal the Fair
377:
313:Ledesma, Salamanca
221:
169:La Mesa de Miranda
132:verracos de piedra
115:
39:
25:
2149:
2148:
2042:Germanic peoples?
1964:
1963:
1451:Iberian Peninsula
1447:Pre-Roman peoples
1378:978-1-78159-128-4
1354:978-1-134-45112-8
1336:978-1-47382-781-3
1312:Dáithí Ó hÓgáin,
1284:978-1-84884-787-3
1274:Philip Matyszak,
1200:978-84-451-3518-1
1186:978-84-451-3518-1
1102:Ángel Montenegro
850:978-1-84217-475-3
839:978-1-84217-410-4
587:, inhabitants of
448:Quintus Sertorius
440:Hispania Ulterior
293:Trujillo, Cáceres
231:Iberian Peninsula
59:Iberian Peninsula
2184:
2029:Turdetani Proper
1580:
1579:
1440:
1433:
1426:
1417:
1416:
1358:
1297:Barry Cunliffe,
1075:
1074:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1047:
1041:
1031:
1025:
1018:
1012:
1002:
996:
986:
980:
968:
962:
950:
944:
941:Römische Studien
937:Conrad Cichorius
934:
928:
918:
912:
902:
896:
893:
887:
875:
869:
866:Römische Studien
862:Conrad Cichorius
859:
853:
843:
825:
819:
812:
806:
805:
793:
764:Roman civil wars
712:
703:
694:
685:
676:
667:
658:
649:
640:
631:
622:
613:
479:Sierra de Gredos
475:Viccus Caecilius
471:Cáceres el Viejo
444:Roman civil wars
393:Second Punic War
269:Ventas de Cápara
2192:
2191:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2152:
2151:
2150:
2145:
2114:
2091:Semitic peoples
2086:
2053:
2037:
1960:
1825:
1819:
1646:
1569:
1481:
1453:
1444:
1402:
1397:
1394:, 1-85109-445-8
1355:
1293:
1291:Further reading
1288:
1088:Aedeen Cremin,
1084:
1079:
1078:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1056:
1048:
1044:
1038:De Bello Civili
1032:
1028:
1019:
1015:
1003:
999:
987:
983:
979:, III, 378-414.
971:Silius Italicus
969:
965:
951:
947:
943:(Berlin, 1922).
935:
931:
919:
915:
905:Silius Italicus
903:
899:
894:
890:
876:
872:
868:(Berlin, 1922).
860:
856:
840:
826:
822:
813:
809:
794:
787:
782:
754:Lusitanian Wars
720:
713:
704:
695:
686:
677:
668:
659:
650:
641:
632:
623:
614:
605:
581:
546:Emerita Augusta
530:Norba Caesarina
510:
494:battle of Munda
467:Castra Caecilia
397:Lusitanian Wars
361:
333:Ocelon / Ocelum
325:Botija, Cáceres
213:
203:of the eastern
104:
67:
36:Castro of Ulaca
17:
12:
11:
5:
2190:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2147:
2146:
2130:Canary Islands
2119:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2100:
2094:
2092:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2063:
2061:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2045:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2016:
2006:
2005:
2004:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1987:
1976:
1974:
1966:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1856:
1855:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1829:
1827:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1656:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1588:
1586:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1491:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1468:
1466:
1455:
1454:
1443:
1442:
1435:
1428:
1420:
1414:
1413:
1408:
1401:
1400:External links
1398:
1396:
1395:
1380:
1366:
1359:
1353:
1338:
1326:Daniel Varga,
1324:
1310:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1272:
1258:
1244:
1230:
1216:
1202:
1188:
1174:
1160:
1146:
1132:
1118:
1100:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1062:
1042:
1026:
1013:
997:
981:
963:
961:, question 83.
945:
929:
913:
897:
888:
886:, question 83.
870:
854:
838:
820:
818:(1992), p. 57.
807:
784:
783:
781:
778:
777:
776:
771:
766:
761:
759:Sertorian Wars
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
719:
716:
715:
714:
707:
705:
698:
696:
689:
687:
680:
678:
671:
669:
662:
660:
653:
651:
644:
642:
635:
633:
626:
624:
617:
615:
608:
604:
601:
580:
577:
509:
506:
504:) in Baetica.
360:
357:
337:Castelo Branco
285:Ciudad Rodrigo
212:
209:
173:Yecla la Vieja
103:
100:
66:
63:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2189:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2117:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2103:Carthaginians
2101:
2099:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2089:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2056:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2040:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2007:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1998:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1967:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1902:Eastern Celts
1900:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1885:Mirobrigenses
1883:
1882:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1822:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1463:Proto-Basques
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1441:
1436:
1434:
1429:
1427:
1422:
1421:
1418:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1393:
1392:1-85109-440-7
1389:
1385:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1350:
1346:
1345:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1323:
1322:0-85115-923-0
1319:
1315:
1311:
1308:
1307:0-19-280418-9
1304:
1300:
1296:
1295:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1257:
1256:84-460-1650-8
1253:
1249:
1245:
1243:
1242:9788495983169
1239:
1235:
1231:
1229:
1228:84-7491-533-3
1225:
1221:
1217:
1215:
1214:84-7800-881-0
1211:
1207:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1173:
1172:84-7423-891-9
1169:
1165:
1161:
1159:
1158:84-7477-759-3
1155:
1151:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1117:
1116:84-249-1386-8
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1099:
1098:0-86758-624-9
1095:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1072:
1066:
1055:
1054:
1046:
1040:, I, 38, 1-4.
1039:
1035:
1030:
1023:
1017:
1010:
1006:
1001:
994:
990:
985:
978:
977:
972:
967:
960:
959:
954:
949:
942:
938:
933:
926:
922:
917:
910:
906:
901:
892:
885:
884:
879:
874:
867:
863:
858:
851:
847:
841:
835:
831:
824:
817:
811:
803:
799:
792:
790:
785:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
721:
711:
706:
702:
697:
693:
688:
684:
679:
675:
670:
666:
661:
657:
652:
648:
643:
639:
634:
630:
625:
621:
616:
612:
607:
606:
600:
598:
594:
590:
586:
576:
574:
570:
566:
565:
560:
559:
553:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
505:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
486:Julius Caesar
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
453:
449:
445:
441:
436:
435:) in 153 BC.
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
374:
370:
365:
356:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
265:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
227:
217:
208:
206:
202:
198:
197:Greek pottery
194:
190:
186:
182:
181:Las Merchanas
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
133:
128:
124:
120:
113:, stone walls
112:
108:
99:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
76:
72:
62:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
37:
33:
29:
21:
1996:
1824:Other Celtic
1584:Celtiberians
1383:
1369:
1368:Luis Silva,
1362:
1343:
1327:
1313:
1298:
1275:
1261:
1247:
1234:Los vettones
1233:
1219:
1205:
1191:
1177:
1163:
1149:
1135:
1121:
1107:
1103:
1089:
1082:Bibliography
1065:
1052:
1045:
1037:
1029:
1021:
1016:
1008:
1000:
992:
984:
974:
966:
957:
948:
940:
932:
924:
916:
908:
900:
891:
882:
873:
865:
857:
829:
823:
815:
810:
801:
739:Celtiberians
588:
584:
582:
562:
556:
554:
545:
533:
529:
518:Caesarobriga
517:
514:Kaisarobriga
513:
511:
508:Romanization
474:
466:
458:
450:. In 79 BC,
437:
424:
378:
348:
341:Cottaeobriga
340:
332:
328:
316:
308:
304:
296:
288:
280:
272:
262:
224:
222:
130:
119:transhumance
116:
80:Calontienses
73:features. A
68:
50:
42:
40:
31:
2098:Phoenicians
1980:Lusitanians
1914:Oestriminis
1627:Pellendones
1540:Ilercavones
927:, II, 5, 7.
925:Geographika
911:, III, 378.
585:Vettonenses
353:Serra d’Opa
201:Pellendones
177:El Castillo
157:Las Cogotas
75:Celtiberian
2156:Categories
2138:Portuguese
2002:Bletonesii
1853:Suessetani
1843:Autrigones
1833:Allotriges
1740:Lapatianci
1735:Interamici
1637:Turboletae
1525:Contestani
1510:Castellani
1505:Bergistani
1020:Matyszak,
729:Bletonesii
534:Metellinum
483:Propraetor
459:Metellinum
417:Carpetania
329:Tamusiensi
255:Portuguese
141:wild boars
123:archeology
92:Bletonesii
53:) were an
2019:Turdetani
2009:Tartessos
1946:Turmodigi
1919:Plentauri
1875:Carpetani
1795:Quaquerni
1602:Cratistii
1550:Indigetes
1545:Ilergetes
1535:Indigetes
1520:Cessetani
1500:Bastetani
1270:2696-7979
1144:0874-2782
1130:0874-2782
1009:Periochae
734:Carpetani
591:(today's
542:Lusitania
452:Proconsul
421:Cyneticum
309:Bletisama
289:Turgalium
281:Mirobriga
239:Salamanca
193:Campanian
185:Alcántara
84:Coerenses
51:Ouettones
2142:Guanches
2072:Aeolians
2067:Achaeans
2024:Mastieni
1997:Vettones
1973:peoples?
1934:Oppidani
1870:Caristii
1865:Cantabri
1810:Tamagani
1780:Nemetati
1770:Namarini
1720:Gallaeci
1710:Coelerni
1660:Albiones
1652:Gallaeci
1607:Lobetani
1565:Sedetani
1560:Laietani
1555:Lacetani
1515:Ceretani
1495:Ausetani
1487:Iberians
1477:Vascones
1472:Iacetani
1459:Aquitani
953:Plutarch
878:Plutarch
814:Cremin,
718:See also
579:Namesake
569:Claudius
538:Medellín
498:Montilla
477:(at the
463:Medellín
427:(modern
409:Caucenus
405:Caesarus
389:Hannibal
381:Lusitani
211:Location
161:La Osera
153:Iron Age
127:Iron Age
55:Iron Age
43:Vettones
2122:Madeira
2082:Ionians
2077:Dorians
2014:Cynetes
1985:Paesuri
1956:Varduli
1951:Vaccaei
1939:Veteres
1929:Bardili
1924:Turduli
1880:Celtici
1860:Berones
1838:Astures
1826:peoples
1790:Poemani
1775:Narbasi
1765:Luanqui
1760:Louguei
1715:Equaesi
1700:Cibarci
1680:Bracari
1670:Artabri
1622:Oretani
1617:Olcades
1612:Lusones
1592:Arevaci
1530:Edetani
1449:of the
1104:et alii
993:Iberiké
921:Ptolemy
749:Cynetes
724:Arevaci
603:Gallery
593:Bettona
589:Vettona
561:), the
502:Córdoba
473:), and
433:Morocco
413:Baetica
401:Punicus
369:verraco
367:Vetton
359:History
345:Almeida
323:, near
317:Tamusia
305:Bletisa
259:Ptolemy
251:Cáceres
189:fibulae
137:granite
102:Culture
96:Seanoci
65:Origins
34:at the
2134:Romans
2128:, and
2126:Azores
2108:Punics
2059:Greeks
1990:Tapoli
1971:Celtic
1907:Volcae
1848:Belgae
1815:Turodi
1805:Seurri
1800:Seurbi
1755:Limici
1745:Lemavi
1730:Iadovi
1725:Grovii
1705:Cileni
1685:Capori
1665:Arroni
1390:
1376:
1351:
1334:
1320:
1305:
1282:
1268:
1254:
1240:
1226:
1212:
1198:
1184:
1170:
1156:
1142:
1128:
1114:
1096:
1034:Caesar
989:Appian
976:Punica
909:Punica
848:
836:
597:Umbria
550:Mérida
528:) and
526:Toledo
490:Pompey
429:Asilah
425:Ocilis
419:, the
349:Lancia
347:) and
264:Capara
247:Toledo
243:Zamora
226:meseta
205:meseta
88:Caluri
1969:Para-
1895:Sefes
1785:Nerii
1750:Leuni
1675:Baedi
1642:Uraci
1632:Titii
1597:Belli
1575:Celts
1057:(PDF)
1011:, 47.
995:, 57.
780:Notes
595:) in
544:with
277:Ávila
273:Obila
235:Ávila
149:Calva
145:bulls
47:Greek
2120:The
1890:Ophi
1388:ISBN
1374:ISBN
1349:ISBN
1332:ISBN
1318:ISBN
1303:ISBN
1280:ISBN
1266:ISSN
1252:ISBN
1238:ISBN
1224:ISBN
1210:ISBN
1196:ISBN
1182:ISBN
1168:ISBN
1154:ISBN
1140:ISSN
1126:ISSN
1112:ISBN
1094:ISBN
1005:Livy
846:ISBN
834:ISBN
407:and
387:and
301:Alía
297:Alea
287:?),
279:?),
237:and
195:and
183:and
143:and
94:and
41:The
558:Ala
516:or
465:),
371:in
355:).
339:),
331:),
295:),
271:),
2158::
2124:,
1106:,
1036:,
1007:,
991:,
973:,
955:,
939:,
923:,
907:,
880:,
864:,
800:.
788:^
599:.
575:.
571:'
524:–
500:–
431:,
415:,
403:,
307:/
249:,
245:,
179:,
175:,
171:,
167:,
163:,
159:,
121:,
90:,
86:,
82:,
61:.
49::
1465:)
1461:(
1439:e
1432:t
1425:v
1357:.
1309:.
852:.
842:.
804:.
548:(
536:(
520:(
496:(
469:(
461:(
351:(
343:(
335:(
319:(
311:(
299:(
291:(
283:(
275:(
267:(
45:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
