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these traditional elements. His biography has been criticized by
Vaudeville for relying solely on English and Hindi Vallabhite sources and lack of critical analysis of them typical of a Western Indologist. Śāstrī also notes the prescence of miracles in Vallabha's biographies. However, he states that since the followers of
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2786:, stating that the world was a manifestation of the Supreme Absolute and could neither be tainted nor change. The school rejects the ascetic lifestyle and cherishes householder lifestyle, wherein followers see themselves as participants and companions of Kr̥ṣṇa, viewing their daily lives as an ongoing
322:
The life of
Vallabha as depicted in traditional sources contains many miracles and supernatural events, as Vallabha is considered by followers of the Puṣṭimārga to be a divine incarnation who was born for a supernatural purpose. In Barz (1992), he gives biographical account of Vallabha which includes
523:
When
Vallabha came to Govardhana Hill, he went to the house of Saḍḍu Pāṇḍe. Saḍḍu Pāṇḍe had received a vision from Kr̥ṣṇa years earlier that told him a stone that had appeared on Govardhana Hill was his own svarūpa and that he should give offerings to it. The image was known as Devadamana; Vallabha
1628:
Only scholarly theory for why
Vallabha's theology was attractive to these groups was that of social mobility. For agrarian castes, particularly in Gujarat, the emphasis on purity gave higher status. For mercantile castes, purity as well as the emphasis on restraint and frugality in daily life
331:
s, the texts by
Gokulanātha's followers contain no mention of miracles in relation to Vallabha and Viṭṭhalanātha making them valuable sources. No single text contains a full biography of Vallabha, and different sources contain inconsisten and contradictory information, likely due to internal
1523:
According to sectarian literature, this debate occurred shortly after Lakṣmaṇa Bhaṭṭa's death in 1490; however, Kr̥ṣṇadevarāya only became king of
Vijayanagara in 1509, which is when scholars believed the debate likely occurred historically. The debate is first mentioned in the
552:
or Viṭhobā (a form of Kr̥ṣṇa). There
Vallabha was ordered by Viṭṭhala to marry. Some sectarian sources assert this was because Viṭṭhala wanted to take birth as his son, and others say it was to create a line of descendants to preserve and promote Vallabha's version of
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Obeying this, following his caste traditions and practices, Vallabha married Mahālakṣmī (aka Akkājī) sometime between 1502 and 1504, a Vārāṇasī girl of his own caste who began living with him upon maturity c. 1510–1512. Vallabha had two houses, one at Aṛaila on the
1636:
Another reason was that
Vallabha promoted a househoulder life-affirming, socially conservative view that appealed to castes that depended on social and political stability for their livelihoods, notably in the context of splintering Muslim sultanates in India.
1536:
Vallabha made three pilgrimages throughout India which are documented in later sectarian sources. These pilgrimages are stated to have taken place between 1479 and 1530, although Saha doubts the accuracy of the dates. At pilgrimage sites such as
379:, Vallabha's birth occurred in the forests of Campāraṇya, due to his parents fleeing Vārāṇasī in fear of Muslim invasion. These sources depict his birth a miraculous, with his parents initially leaving the seemingly still-born infant beneath a
1653:
in Vārāṇasī. After a month, he summoned his sons Gopīnātha and Viṭṭhalanatha, and designated the 18 or 19 year old Gopīnātha as his successor. According to sectarian accounts, he walked in the Gaṅgā and vanished in a flash of light.
2892:) and hence created the world. Vallabha emphasizes that the world is not illusory but as real as Brahman itself, which manifests by temporarily suppressing its attributes of bliss and consciousness. When
2867:
followers rely solely on God's grace, prioritizing complete devotion and surrender without personal effort, embodying unconditional love and faith towards God. Vallabha also emphasizes that the path of
427:
in 1489. The local ruler was sponsoring a great philosophical debate where four questions were posed to scholars: "What is the foremost scripture? Who is the foremost deity? Which is the most effective
3585:"Postage Stamps:: Postage Stamps,Stamp issue calendar 2014, Paper postage, Commemorative and definitive stamps, Service Postage Stamps, Philately Offices, Philatelic Bureaux and counters, Mint stamps"
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is open to all, regardless of caste or gender. He cautions against seeing this path as too focused on pleasure, saying it is about pure, divine devotion without being attached to worldly desires.
2816:(selfless service) out of love for Kr̥ṣṇa. According to Vallabhācārya, through single minded religiosity, a devotee would achieve awareness that there is nothing in the world that is not Kr̥ṣṇa.
1491:. Vallabha through his erudition and debate skills defeated the Advaita philosophers, and was rewarded by Kr̥ṣṇadevarāya with large amounts of gold (most of which he distributed among Brahmins).
569:, and at Caranāṭa near Vārāṇasī. According to Saha, the location of his home provided a central location which allowed him to access to preach and convert throughout northern and central India.
500:, which was to be used to clean the flaws of a human soul. The next morning, Vallabha administered the mantra to his companion Dāmodaradāsa Harasānī, who became the first member of the
401:
Soon after
Vallabha's birth his family moved back to Vārāṇasī. His education commenced at the age of eight, and by the age of eleven had mastered several Sanskrit Hindu texts, with the
2884:) as intricately linked to the belief that the world is an expression and manifestation of Brahman. He accepts the idea that Brahman manifested itself as both the individual souls (
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and is not mentioned in independent historical sources. According to Saha, this story is meant to portray "the image of a victorious
Vallabha winning the subcontinent for Kr̥ṣṇa".
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and monastic life, suggesting that through loving devotion to the deity Krishna, any householder could achieve salvation. He authored many texts including but not limited to, the
3584:
1512:
of the Viṣṇusvāmī school. Very little is known of the Viṣṇusvāmī school, and by Vallabha's time its followers were few. The majority view is that Vallabha chose to become
2848:("complete" or "well-nourished") souls rely on Kr̥ṣṇa's grace as the sole effective means to achieve devotion, and other efforts are insignificant without God's grace.
415:
Nearing the end of his life, Lakṣmaṇa Bhaṭṭa decided to take his wife and 10-year-old son along on a pilgrimage to southern India. They first stopped at the Vaishnava
3772:
493:) which had appeared there years ago. When he arrived in Gokula in 1494, Vallabha had a vision where Kr̥ṣṇa appeared before him and bestowed upon him the
199:. He acquired many followers in the Gangetic plain and Gujarat. After his death, the leadership of his sampradāya passed to his elder son Gopīnātha.
2778:, which he called Maryādā Mārga or Path of Limitations. Vallabha asserted that religious disciplines focusing on Vedic sacrifices, temple rituals,
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tree, before being recalled by a supernatural voice to see Vallabha alive and surrounded by fire. According to other hagiographies such as
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of that school in order to make his own doctrines more prestigious, and that there is likely no real connection between the ideas of
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followers rely on their actions and God's judgment for spiritual rewards, aligning with scriptural injunctions. In contrast,
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claims to have be composed in 1610, however modern scholars state the text was composed around the turn of the 20th century.
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in its current form was likely written in the 1860s, although its contents were orally known prior to the 19th century. The
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cannot be stated to be of old origin according to Śāstrī. Other texts by Gokulanātha's followers include Kalyāṇa Bhaṭṭa's
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1561:, Vallabha had theological debates and attracted followers and devotees. He made extensive conversion campaigns in the
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Vallabha giving Kr̥ṣṇa a sacred thread after receiving the Brahmasambandha mantra. Dāmodaradāsa Harasānī on the right.
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Barz, Richard (2018). "Vallabha". In Jacobsen, Knut A.; Basu, Helene; Malinar, Angelika; Narayanan, Vasudha (eds.).
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Reading the Medieval in the Modern: The Living Tradition of Hagiography in the Vallabh Sect of Contemporary Gujarat
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philosophers. Vallabha immediately went to Vijayanagara to join the debate, and entered the Vaiṣṇava camp led by
528:) and initiated an ascetic named Rāmdās Chauhān to perform the regular worship. In 1499 a wealthy merchant from
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1609:, the lives of eighty-four of Vallabha's most notable devotees are narrated. Of the 84 devotees, 39 were
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When Vallabha was living in his ancestral village of Kāṅkaravāḍa, he heard of a philosophical debate (
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Creating a Community of Grace: A History of the Puṣṭi Mārga in Northern and Western India (1493-1905)
3560:"Mahaprabhu Vallabhacharya | 14-04-1977 | Philcent #937 SG #846, MJ No. 720 | Stamps | Mintage World"
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Mallison, Françoise (1986). "Les Chants Dhoḷa au Gujarāt et Leur Usage pour la Dévotion Vallabhite".
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2888:) and the world. Vallabha argued that Brahman desired to become many to express His playful nature (
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Vallabhācārya composed many philosophical and devotional books during his lifetime which includes:
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His first son, Gopīnātha, was born in 1512 at Aṛaila and according to sectarian tradition was the
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Site worshipped as the birthplace of Vallabha in Campāraṇya, identified in the late 19th century.
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elevated their status, while wealth could then be funnelled toward religiously meritorious
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Events from Vallabha's life are recounted in several sectarian Puṣṭimārga texts. Among the
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2782:, meditation, and yoga held limited value. Additionally Vallabha rejected the concept of
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504:(Vallabha Sampradaya). Most sources state these events occurred in Gokula, except the
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consider him to be God in human form with Vallabha and Viṭṭhalanātha being revered
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announced that it was actually the svarupa of Śrī Govardhananāthajī (shortened to
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393:. Most hagiographies date Vallabha's birth to 1535 Vikrama Era, or 1478-1479 CE.
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In 1493, Vallabha is said to have had a dream where Kr̥ṣṇa ordered him to go to
465:, where Lakṣmaṇa Bhaṭṭa died, and Illammāgārū began to live with her brother in
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issued in his honor, a commemorative stamp bearing the image of Vallabhācārya.
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Vallabha studied Hindu philosophy from early age, then traveled throughout the
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432:? What is the easiest and best action?", to which Vallabha responded with the
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for over 20 years. He became one of the important leaders of the devotional
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souls are divine souls that have potential of upliftment or salvation. The
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584:, was born in 1516 at Caranāṭa, and is considered the avatar of Viṭṭhala.
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fragmentation of the religious community from the 17th to 19th centuries.
3297:
Kincaid, C. (January 1933). "Review: Imperial Farmans by K. M. Jhaveri".
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Vaudeville, Ch. (1979). "The Bhakti Sect of Vallabhācārya Richard Barz".
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Reception of the Brahmasambandha mantra and installation of Śrī Nāthajī
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183:. He won many philosophical scholarly debates against the followers of
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368:. Their ancestral village was Kāṅkaravāḍa on the southern bank of the
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According to tradition, Vallabha's family were Velanāṭa or Vellanāḍu
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152:(1479–1531 CE), was an Indian saint and philosopher. He founded the
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Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
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named Pūrṇamalla Khatrī began building a temple for Srī Nāthajī.
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3048:(PhD thesis). University of Texas at Austin. pp. 127–130.
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Vallabha distinguishes between two aspects of devotion: the
1569:, where he attracted converts from various castes including
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in support of his response and condemning the supporters of
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Bhatt, G.H. (1942). "The Last Message of Vallabhācārya".
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Vallabha may have intended to remain a lifelong celibate
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389:, Vallabha appeared in the Agnikuṇḍ (“Pool of Fire”) in
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Prācyavidyā Mandira, Mahārājā Sayājīrāva Viśvavidyālaya
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According to Vallabha there are three kinds of souls:
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himself. The purpose of this tradition is to perform
3448:
Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute
3266:
3052:
1494:Vallabha was also offered the prestigious title of
303:by Gopāladāsa (c. 1580). Another Braj Bhasha work,
3621:. New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal. pp. 25–26.
3359:
3332:
3276:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 482.
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3015:
3013:
3011:
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3005:
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2804:consists of existence, consciousness, and bliss (s
489:and establish proper service (sevā) to his image (
442:(service) to Kr̥ṣṇa, whereupon Jagannātha wrote a
222:or sixteen tracts and several commentaries on the
168:region of India, and propounded the philosophy of
3122:
3067:
287:Other Sanskrit texts include Gadādhara Dviveda's
3744:
3473:
587:
3773:16th-century Hindu philosophers and theologians
2994:
3242:Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient
3483:The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N-Z
2697:
1446:
519:Vallabha finds Shrinathji at Govardhan Hill.
3296:
580:, elder brother of Kr̥ṣṇa. His second son,
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1453:
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42:
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3690:. Śrī Sayājī Sāhityamāḷā (in Gujarati).
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3546:
3534:
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3239:
3104:
3043:
1532:Pilgrimages and Preaching Tours of India
514:
476:
339:
187:. He began the institutional worship of
3628:Brill's Encyclopedia of Hinduism Online
257:. According to Barz the most important
14:
3745:
3682:
3116:
3061:
2808:), and when manifested completely, as
2770:Vallabha formulated the philosophy of
375:According to some sources such as the
315:, and Gopāladāsa Vyārāvāḷā's Gujarati
3445:
1471:) being held in at the court of King
438:, Kr̥ṣṇa, any of Kr̥ṣṇa's names, and
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1613:, 36 were mercantile or landowning
410:
272:dates to the mid-18th century. The
191:on Govardhana Hill, and became the
24:
3637:Braj, Center of Krishna Pilgrimage
291:(A.D. 1552-53), Muralīdharadāsa's
25:
3819:
3703:
1649:and withdrew to the banks on the
3798:People from Raipur, Chhattisgarh
3778:16th-century Indian philosophers
3619:The Bhakti Sect of Vallabhācārya
2903:
1681:
1645:In 1530, Vallabha took a vow of
535:
3768:Indian Hindu spiritual teachers
3671:(Thesis). University of Ottawa.
3660:The philosophy of Vallabhācārya
3577:
3552:
3439:
3290:
3233:
3688:Śrīvallabhācārya mahāprabhujī
3662:. Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal.
3079:
3037:
2734:, a partial commentary on the
2723:, a partial commentary on the
13:
1:
3730:, Surendranath Dasgupta, 1940
3658:Marfatia, Mrudula I. (1967).
3649:: CS1 maint: date and year (
3486:. Rosen Publishing. pp.
2988:
2765:
2748:Tattvārthadīpanibandhaprakāśa
588:Grand victory at Vijayanagara
506:Śrī Nāthajī Prākaṭya kī Vārtā
387:Śrī Nāthajī Prākaṭya kī Vārtā
274:Śrī Nāthajī kī Prākaṭya Vārtā
251:Śrī Nāthajī Prākaṭya kī Vārtā
3639:. Groningen: Egbert Forsten.
3635:Entwistle, Alan. W. (1987).
3605:
3480:Lochtefeld, James G (2002).
508:which states it happened in
396:
335:
7:
3793:People from Raipur district
3738:Encyclopedia on Pushtimarga
3676:
2919:
2880:Vallabha viewed the world (
2774:, in response to Śaṅkara's
1508:. Vallabha chose to become
295:(c. 1573), Devakīnaṁdana's
10:
3824:
3728:The Philosophy of Vallabha
3710:Works by or about Vallabha
3610:
2795:
2632:Naalayira Divya Prabandham
2261:Akshar Purushottam Darshan
1905:Akshar Purushottam Darshan
1607:Caurāsī Vaiṣṇavan kī Vārtā
453:In 1490, they reached the
247:Caurāsī Vaiṣṇavan kī Vārtā
236:
3686:, Keśavarāma Kā. (1977).
3307:10.1017/S0035869X00072543
3044:Bachrach, Emilia (2014).
2678:Other Indian philosophies
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133:
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34:
2937:Champaran (Chhattisgarh)
2910:Indian postal department
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2819:
2322:Kamalakanta Bhattacharya
1657:
1640:
311:, Keśavadāsa's Gujarati
299:, and the Gujarati poem
3723:Encyclopædia Britannica
3617:Barz, Richard (1992) .
3328:(subscription required)
3191:, p. 17-20, 28-29.
2800:According to Vallabha,
2307:Nigamananda Paramahansa
1526:Caurāsī Baiṭhak Caritra
270:Caurāsī Baiṭhak Caritra
255:Caurāsī Baiṭhak Caritra
231:
210:(his commentary on the
3667:Saha, Shandip (2004).
2908:On 14 April 1977, the
2752:Tattvārthadīpanibandha
2750:, a commentary on the
2742:Tattvārthadīpanibandha
1949:Shakti Vishishtadvaita
520:
482:
345:
293:Śrīvallabhācāryacarita
3273:Krishna: A Sourcebook
2196:Svabhavika Bhedabheda
2176:Achintya Bheda Abheda
1884:Svabhavika Bhedabheda
1877:Achintya Bheda Abheda
1605:respectively. In the
1506:Viṣṇusvāmī sampradāya
518:
480:
343:
297:Prahbucaritaciṁtāmaṇi
3589:postagestamps.gov.in
3564:www.mintageworld.com
3268:Edwin Francis Bryant
3088:Indo-Iranian Journal
2521:Principal Upanishads
2186:Chaitanya Mahaprabhu
407:being his favorite.
377:Śrīvallabhadigvijaya
352:who belonged to the
305:Saṁpradāyakalpadruma
263:Śrīvallabhadigvijaya
245:sources include the
3783:Indian Vaishnavites
2914:Government of India
2900:, which is unreal.
2029:Raghunatha Siromani
1221:Satyabhinava Tirtha
282:Yadunātha Digvijaya
177:Indian subcontinent
3436:, p. 113-117.
3421:, p. 107-114.
3409:, p. 91, 140.
3397:, p. 107-108.
3356:, p. 111-112.
3256:– via JSTOR.
1319:Related traditions
1236:Satyadhyana Tirtha
1231:Satyadharma Tirtha
1191:Raghavendra Tirtha
1141:Manavala Mamunigal
1064:Vaishnava-Sahajiya
521:
483:
346:
317:Prākaṭya-Siddhāṁta
289:Sampradāya-Pradīpa
278:Vallabha Digvijaya
202:Vallabha rejected
3470:, p. 98-106.
3283:978-0-19-803400-1
2714:
2713:
2446:
2445:
2442:
2441:
1804:
1803:
1748:
1747:
1502:Mādhva sampradāya
1463:
1462:
1226:Satyabodha Tirtha
1216:Satyanatha Tirtha
1186:Raghuttama Tirtha
1176:Pillai Lokacharya
1171:Padmanabha Tirtha
1083:Teachers—acharyas
1014:Acintyabhedabheda
653:Important deities
197:Viṣṇusvāmi school
143:
142:
27:Hindu philosopher
16:(Redirected from
3815:
3788:Vaishnava saints
3714:Internet Archive
3699:
3672:
3663:
3654:
3648:
3640:
3631:
3622:
3600:
3599:
3597:
3595:
3581:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3570:
3556:
3550:
3549:, p. 29-30.
3544:
3538:
3537:, p. 72-74.
3532:
3526:
3525:, p. 71-73.
3520:
3514:
3513:, p. 70-75.
3508:
3502:
3501:
3477:
3471:
3465:
3456:
3455:
3443:
3437:
3431:
3422:
3416:
3410:
3404:
3398:
3392:
3386:
3385:, p. 43-45.
3380:
3369:
3363:
3357:
3351:
3345:
3339:
3330:
3329:
3326:
3294:
3288:
3287:
3264:
3258:
3257:
3237:
3231:
3225:
3219:
3218:, p. 28-29.
3213:
3204:
3198:
3192:
3186:
3180:
3174:
3168:
3167:, p. 26-27.
3162:
3156:
3155:, p. 23-25.
3150:
3144:
3138:
3132:
3126:
3120:
3114:
3108:
3107:, p. 60-61.
3102:
3096:
3095:
3083:
3077:
3071:
3065:
3059:
3050:
3049:
3041:
3035:
3029:
3023:
3017:
2726:Bhāgavata Purāṇa
2706:
2699:
2692:
2545:Agama (Hinduism)
2533:Other scriptures
2526:Minor Upanishads
2372:
2371:
2241:Ekasarana Dharma
2085:Vāchaspati Misra
2005:
2004:
1921:Shaiva Siddhanta
1898:Ekasarana Dharma
1761:
1760:
1698:
1697:
1685:
1675:Hindu philosophy
1662:
1661:
1455:
1448:
1441:
1320:
1084:
1029:Ekasarana Dharma
966:
855:
654:
626:
617:
607:
592:
591:
548:to view the god
495:Brahmasambandha
411:First Pilgrimage
404:Bhāgavata Purāṇa
354:Bhāradvāja gotra
225:Bhāgavata Purāṇa
46:
32:
31:
21:
3823:
3822:
3818:
3817:
3816:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3763:Bhakti movement
3743:
3742:
3734:Pushtipedia.com
3706:
3679:
3642:
3641:
3613:
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3119:, p. 9-10.
3115:
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3084:
3080:
3072:
3068:
3060:
3053:
3042:
3038:
3030:
3026:
3018:
2995:
2991:
2986:
2922:
2906:
2878:
2822:
2798:
2776:Ādvaita Vedānta
2768:
2710:
2665:
2664:
2663:
2646:
2593:Vaiśeṣika Sūtra
2554:
2477:
2462:
2461:
2448:
2447:
2361:
2331:
2293:
2275:
2255:
2235:
2215:
2211:Srinivasacharya
2190:
2170:
2150:
2119:
2100:Vishishtadvaita
2094:
2063:
2054:Kumārila Bhaṭṭa
2033:
2019:Akṣapāda Gotama
2002:
2001:
1985:
1984:
1956:Shiva Bhedabeda
1856:Vishishtadvaita
1816:
1815:
1660:
1643:
1534:
1481:Advaita Vedānta
1459:
1430:
1429:
1321:
1318:
1311:
1310:
1301:Vadiraja Tirtha
1166:Srinivasacharya
1086:
1082:
1074:
1073:
976:Vishishtadvaita
967:
964:
957:
956:
908:Divya Prabandha
857:
854:Holy scriptures
853:
845:
844:
655:
652:
645:
644:
627:
624:
605:
590:
538:
487:Govardhana Hill
475:
448:Advaita Vedānta
413:
399:
350:Telugu Brahmins
338:
239:
234:
185:Advaita Vedānta
181:Bhakti movement
124:Founder of
78:
68:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3821:
3811:
3810:
3808:Sanskrit poets
3805:
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3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3741:
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3704:External links
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3301:(1): 131–132.
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3201:Entwistle 1987
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2024:Jayanta Bhatta
2021:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2003:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1987:
1986:
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1982:
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1967:
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1563:Gangetic Plain
1533:
1530:
1520:and Vallabha.
1473:Kr̥ṣṇadevarāya
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1276:Vedanta Desika
1273:
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1241:Samarth Ramdas
1238:
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1228:
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1181:Purandara Dasa
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1044:Radha Vallabha
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734:Guruvayurappan
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370:Godāvarī River
362:branch of the
337:
334:
301:Vallabhākhyāna
261:source is the
238:
235:
233:
230:
219:Ṣoḍaśa Grantha
150:Vallabhacharya
141:
140:
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111:
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106:
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101:Gopīnātha and
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57:
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48:
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39:
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26:
18:Vallabhacharya
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3820:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3803:Telugu people
3801:
3799:
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3624:
3620:
3615:
3614:
3590:
3586:
3580:
3565:
3561:
3555:
3548:
3547:Marfatia 1967
3543:
3536:
3535:Marfatia 1967
3531:
3524:
3519:
3512:
3511:Marfatia 1967
3507:
3499:
3493:
3489:
3485:
3484:
3476:
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3464:
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3453:
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3430:
3428:
3420:
3415:
3408:
3403:
3396:
3391:
3384:
3379:
3377:
3375:
3368:, p. 52.
3367:
3362:
3355:
3350:
3344:, p. 38.
3343:
3338:
3336:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3293:
3285:
3279:
3275:
3274:
3269:
3263:
3255:
3251:
3247:
3243:
3236:
3230:, p. 29.
3229:
3224:
3217:
3212:
3210:
3203:, p. 31.
3202:
3197:
3190:
3185:
3179:, p. 27.
3178:
3173:
3166:
3161:
3154:
3149:
3143:, p. 23.
3142:
3137:
3131:, p. 24.
3130:
3125:
3118:
3113:
3106:
3105:Bachrach 2014
3101:
3093:
3089:
3082:
3076:, p. 21.
3075:
3070:
3063:
3058:
3056:
3047:
3040:
3033:
3028:
3021:
3016:
3014:
3012:
3010:
3008:
3006:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2998:
2993:
2983:
2982:Brahma Sutras
2980:
2978:
2977:Shuddhadvaita
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
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2911:
2904:Postage Stamp
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2807:
2806:at-cit-ānanda
2803:
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2781:
2777:
2773:
2760:
2759:
2758:Ṣoḍaśagrantha
2755:
2753:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2738:of Bādarāyaṇa
2737:
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2648:
2647:
2643:
2642:Shiva Samhita
2640:
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2579:
2576:
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2573:Brahma Sutras
2571:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2565:
2561:
2556:
2555:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2540:Bhagavad Gita
2538:
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2425:
2420:
2419:Prashastapada
2416:
2413:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2405:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2389:
2384:
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2380:
2379:
2377:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2365:
2364:
2358:
2357:Radhakrishnan
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2328:
2327:Anandamayi Ma
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2312:Ramprasad Sen
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2302:Abhinavagupta
2300:
2299:
2297:
2296:
2290:
2287:
2285:
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2281:
2279:
2278:
2272:
2269:
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2259:
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2246:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2157:
2156:Shuddhadvaita
2154:
2153:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2130:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2006:
1999:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1981:
1980:
1979:Integral yoga
1976:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1963:Shiva Advaita
1960:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1951:
1950:
1946:
1944:
1943:
1939:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1918:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1900:
1899:
1895:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1879:
1878:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1870:Shuddhadvaita
1867:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1836:
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1828:
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1819:
1818:
1814:
1808:
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1798:
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1727:
1723:
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1702:
1701:
1700:
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1696:
1695:
1692:
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1684:
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1676:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1663:
1655:
1652:
1648:
1638:
1634:
1632:
1626:
1624:
1621:, and 6 were
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1529:
1527:
1521:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1492:
1490:
1489:Mādhva school
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1469:
1456:
1451:
1449:
1444:
1442:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1433:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1394:
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1390:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
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1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1315:
1314:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1291:Viṭṭhalanātha
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
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1092:
1089:
1088:
1085:
1078:
1077:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
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1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
1000:
997:
993:
990:
987:
983:
980:
977:
973:
970:
969:
961:
960:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
924:
921:
918:
917:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
898:
894:
892:
891:
887:
885:
884:
883:Bhagavad Gita
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
859:
856:
849:
848:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
822:
818:
817:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
785:
782:
779:
778:
775:
772:
770:
769:Venkateshvara
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
754:Nara-Narayana
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
726:
722:
721:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
664:
661:
658:
657:
649:
648:
641:
637:
633:
630:
629:
625:Supreme deity
621:
620:
616:
612:
611:
608:
603:
602:
598:
594:
593:
585:
583:
582:Viṭṭhalanātha
579:
575:
570:
568:
564:
558:
556:
551:
547:
543:
536:Personal life
533:
531:
527:
517:
513:
511:
507:
503:
499:
498:
492:
488:
479:
470:
468:
464:
460:
456:
451:
450:(Māyāvādis).
449:
445:
441:
437:
436:
435:Bhagavad Gītā
431:
426:
422:
418:
408:
406:
405:
394:
392:
388:
384:
383:
378:
373:
371:
367:
366:
361:
360:
355:
351:
342:
333:
330:
326:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
285:
283:
279:
275:
271:
266:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
229:
228:
226:
221:
220:
215:
214:
213:Brahma Sutras
209:
205:
200:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
173:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
139:
136:
132:
129:
126:
122:
119:
116:
112:
107:
104:
103:Viṭṭhalanātha
100:
96:
92:
88:
85:
81:
76:
75:Uttar Pradesh
72:
66:
62:
58:
54:
49:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
3737:
3722:
3687:
3668:
3659:
3636:
3627:
3618:
3592:. Retrieved
3588:
3579:
3567:. Retrieved
3563:
3554:
3542:
3530:
3518:
3506:
3482:
3475:
3451:
3447:
3441:
3414:
3402:
3390:
3361:
3349:
3298:
3292:
3272:
3262:
3245:
3241:
3235:
3223:
3196:
3184:
3172:
3160:
3148:
3136:
3124:
3112:
3100:
3091:
3087:
3081:
3069:
3045:
3039:
3027:
2967:Madhvacharya
2952:Para Brahman
2907:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2879:
2869:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2850:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2823:
2805:
2799:
2787:
2772:Śuddhādvaita
2769:
2756:
2751:
2747:
2741:
2735:
2731:
2724:
2720:
2715:
2649:
2622:Arthashastra
2617:Dharmaśāstra
2588:Nyāya Sūtras
2558:
2557:
2532:
2511:
2480:
2456:
2271:Swaminarayan
2165:
2136:Madhvacharya
2127:(Tattvavada)
2090:Adi Shankara
1993:
1977:
1961:
1954:
1947:
1940:
1933:
1928:Pratyabhijna
1926:
1919:
1903:
1896:
1889:
1882:
1875:
1868:
1861:
1854:
1847:
1829:
1812:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1773:
1766:
1738:
1731:
1724:
1717:
1710:
1703:
1647:renunciation
1644:
1635:
1627:
1606:
1535:
1525:
1522:
1513:
1509:
1495:
1493:
1477:Vijayanagara
1466:
1464:
1361:Jagannathism
1306:Yamunacharya
1270:
1251:Swaminarayan
1136:Madhvacharya
1116:Jiva Goswami
1059:Swaminarayan
1021:
996:Dvaitadvaita
986:Śuddhādvaita
913:Gita Govinda
895:
888:
881:
571:
563:Yamunā river
559:
555:bhakti-mārga
546:Paṁḍḥarapura
539:
522:
505:
494:
490:
484:
467:Vijayanagara
459:Veṅkaṭeśvara
452:
433:
429:
414:
402:
400:
386:
380:
376:
374:
363:
358:
347:
328:
321:
316:
313:Vallabhavela
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
286:
281:
277:
273:
269:
267:
262:
254:
250:
246:
240:
223:
217:
211:
207:
201:
174:
170:Śuddhādvaita
166:Braj (Vraja)
149:
145:
144:
138:Śuddhādvaita
109:Organization
29:
3758:1531 deaths
3753:1479 births
3454:(1): 67–70.
3117:Śāstrī 1977
3094:(1): 55–56.
3062:Śāstrī 1977
2736:Brahmasūtra
2598:Yoga Sutras
2550:Vachanamrut
2505:Atharvaveda
2458:Major texts
2408:Vaisheshika
2347:Vivekananda
2337:Neo-Vedanta
2231:Chakradhara
2221:Mahanubhava
2146:Vyasatirtha
1971:Neo-Vedanta
1942:Pramanavada
1935:Panchartika
1891:Mahanubhava
1839:Vaishnavite
1813:Sub-schools
1726:Vaisheshika
1651:Gaṅgā river
1633:to Kr̥ṣṇa.
1485:Vyāsatīrtha
1415:Kabir panth
1336:Pancharatra
1331:Vaikhanasas
1326:Bhagavatism
1296:Vyasatirtha
1286:Vishnuswami
1256:Sripadaraja
1096:Chakradhara
1034:Mahanubhava
965:Sampradayas
890:Mahabharata
877:Pancharatra
729:Dhanvantari
723:Other forms
660:Dashavatara
606:Vaishnavism
567:Prayāgarāja
526:Śrī Nāthajī
325:Gokulanatha
243:Braj Bhasha
189:Śrī Nāthajī
162:Vaishnavism
91:Vaishnavism
3747:Categories
3594:20 January
3569:20 January
2989:References
2957:Pushtimarg
2947:Shrinathji
2766:Philosophy
2627:Kama Sutra
2513:Upanishads
2141:Jayatirtha
2071:(Mayavada)
2059:Prabhākara
1849:Bhedabheda
1615:Kshatriyas
1559:Govardhana
1518:Viṣṇusvāmī
1468:śāstrārtha
1420:Dadu panth
1383:Pushtimarg
1356:Krishnaism
1196:Ram Charan
1121:Jñāneśvara
1111:Jayatirtha
1101:Dadu Dayal
1006:Tattvavada
872:Vaikhanasa
867:Upanishads
764:Shrinathji
692:Parasurama
542:brahmacārī
502:Puṣṭimārga
421:Jagannātha
359:Taittirīya
204:asceticism
158:Puṣṭimārga
156:-centered
134:Philosophy
128:Puṣṭimārga
3645:cite book
3523:Barz 1992
3468:Saha 2004
3434:Saha 2004
3419:Saha 2004
3407:Barz 1992
3395:Saha 2004
3383:Barz 1992
3366:Barz 1992
3354:Saha 2004
3342:Barz 1992
3323:163921774
3228:Barz 1992
3216:Barz 1992
3189:Barz 1992
3177:Barz 1992
3165:Barz 1992
3153:Barz 1992
3141:Barz 1992
3129:Barz 1992
3074:Barz 1992
3032:Saha 2004
3020:Barz 2018
2927:Bhagavata
2732:Aṇubhāṣya
2721:Subhodinī
2637:Tirumurai
2495:Yajurveda
2399:Patanjali
2352:Aurobindo
2317:Bamakhepa
2251:Sankardev
2080:Gaudapada
1754:Heterodox
1617:, 5 were
1571:Bhumihars
1500:from the
1400:Ramanandi
1351:Munitraya
1346:Vadakalai
1281:Vidyapati
1246:Sankardev
1201:Ramananda
1156:Nathamuni
1151:Nammalvar
1131:Madhavdev
1106:Harivansh
1091:Chaitanya
932:Bhagavata
903:Harivamsa
744:Jagannath
739:Hayagriva
682:Narasimha
510:Jharkhand
397:Education
365:Yajurveda
336:Childhood
208:Aṇubhāṣya
59:1478-1479
3719:Vallabha
3692:Vaḍodara
3677:Gujarati
3630:. Brill.
3315:25194699
3270:(2007).
3254:43731333
2972:Nimbarka
2962:Ramanuja
2920:See also
2855:and the
2673:Hinduism
2560:Shastras
2500:Samaveda
2435:Valluvar
2206:Nimbarka
2166:Vallabha
2110:Ramanuja
1998:Acharyas
1994:Teachers
1913:Shaivite
1821:Smartist
1782:Buddhism
1768:Charvaka
1691:Orthodox
1667:a series
1665:Part of
1619:Vaishyas
1611:Brahmins
1603:Patidars
1543:Kannauja
1504:and the
1371:Sahajiya
1366:Haridasa
1341:Tenkalai
1271:Vallabha
1266:Tulsidas
1206:Ramanuja
1161:Nimbarka
1146:Namadeva
1054:Sant Mat
1049:Ramsnehi
937:Naradiya
897:Ramayana
781:Consorts
702:Balarama
597:a series
595:Part of
578:Balarāma
550:Viṭṭhala
463:Tirupati
356:and the
259:Sanskrit
160:sect of
146:Vallabha
98:Children
87:Hinduism
83:Religion
77:, India)
73:(now in
71:Vāṇārasī
51:Personal
36:Vallabha
3712:at the
3611:English
3606:Sources
3488:539-540
2942:Krishna
2898:samsara
2861:Maryāda
2853:maryāda
2842:maryāda
2834:pravāha
2830:maryāda
2802:Brahman
2796:Brahman
2789:raslila
2612:Puranas
2490:Rigveda
2428:Secular
2376:Samkhya
2069:Advaita
2049:Jaimini
2039:Mīmāṃsā
1831:Advaita
1789:Jainism
1775:Ājīvika
1740:Vedanta
1733:Mīmāṃsā
1705:Samkhya
1623:Shudras
1595:Bhatias
1591:Vaniyas
1579:Gurjars
1575:Rajputs
1567:Gujarat
1551:Mathurā
1539:Dvārakā
1487:of the
1425:Mahanam
1410:Balmiki
1388:Gaudiya
1261:Tukaram
1211:Ravidas
1069:Warkari
1039:Pranami
920:Puranas
830:Hanuman
819:Related
813:Alamelu
808:Rukmini
788:Lakshmi
774:Vithoba
707:Krishna
636:Krishna
574:avatāra
565:across
491:svarūpa
391:Mathurā
309:Kallola
237:Sources
195:of the
164:in the
118:Vedanta
3684:Śāstrī
3494:
3321:
3313:
3280:
3252:
3248:: 89.
2836:. The
2832:, and
2810:Kr̥ṣṇa
2564:Sutras
2473:Smriti
2415:Kaṇāda
2383:Kapila
2366:Others
2289:Shakta
2284:Tantra
2125:Dvaita
1863:Dvaita
1796:Ajñana
1601:, and
1599:Kanbis
1589:, and
1587:Kurmis
1557:, and
1555:Gokula
1514:ācārya
1510:ācārya
1497:ācārya
1405:Kapadi
1393:ISKCON
1022:Others
1010:Dvaita
1002:Brahma
992:Kumara
942:Garuda
927:Vishnu
840:Shasta
835:Shesha
825:Garuda
759:Prithu
749:Mohini
712:Buddha
687:Vamana
677:Varaha
667:Matsya
632:Vishnu
530:Ambālā
497:mantra
455:temple
430:mantra
417:temple
329:ācārya
253:, and
193:ācārya
154:Kr̥ṣṇa
3319:S2CID
3311:JSTOR
3250:JSTOR
2932:Vyasa
2894:jivas
2886:jivas
2882:jagat
2876:Jagat
2870:pusti
2865:Puṣṭi
2857:puṣṭi
2846:puṣṭi
2838:puṣṭi
2826:puṣṭi
2820:Puṣṭi
2659:Kural
2482:Vedas
2468:Śruti
2009:Nyaya
1719:Nyaya
1658:Works
1641:Death
1583:Ahirs
1126:Kabir
982:Rudra
947:Padma
862:Vedas
803:Radha
793:Bhumi
717:Kalki
672:Kurma
444:śloka
148:, or
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1376:Baul
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952:Agni
798:Sita
697:Rama
640:Rama
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382:śamī
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3303:doi
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