Dalit - Knowledge

619: 2779:, the Dalit castes were chased away from their lands to build large buildings. They were also forced to drink oil mixed with red lead causing them to die, and then they were buried in the foundations of buildings, thus wiping out generations of Dalits. Under the rule of Baji Rao, if a Dalit crossed in front of a gym, they would cut off his head and play "bat and ball" on the ground, with their swords as bats and his head as a ball. Under these 17th century kings, human sacrifice of untouchable persons was not unusual. They also created intricate rules and operations to ensure that they stayed untouchables. George Kunnath claims that there "is and has been an internal hierarchy between the various Dalit castes". According to Kunnath, the 3043: 3878: 3997:, alleging that a Dalit engineer at the company faced discrimination from two of his upper-caste supervisors for his Dalit background. The lawsuit claims that "higher caste supervisors and co-workers imported the discriminatory system's practices into their team and Cisco's workplace". In 2023, the California Civil Rights Department voluntarily dismissed its case alleging caste discrimination against two Cisco engineers, while still keeping alive its litigation against Cisco Systems. The CRD was later symbolically fined $ 2000 for their false case against the two engineers and CISCO. 3412: 2717:

Dalits. BJP also strengthened and expanded a series of discriminatory laws and measures that target religious minorities. These include anti-conversion laws, blamed by human rights groups for empowering Hindutva groups to conduct campaigns of harassment, social exclusion and violence against Christians, Muslims, and other religious minorities across the country’. Laws ostensibly meant for the protection of cows continue to provide institutional backing for similar campaigns against Muslims and Dalits."

3723:, is a budget allocation by the Government of Andhra Pradesh for the welfare of Dalits. The law was enacted in May 2013. SCs and STs have separate panels for spending. The plan was meant to prevent the government from diverting funds meant for SCs and STs to other programs, which was historically the case. As of 2013, no equivalent national plan existed. Scheduled Castes Sub Plan and Tribal Sub-Plan funds are often diverted by state governments to other purposes. 15569: 3012:, a former chairman of the NCSC, said that the number of pending cases was high because most of the extant Special Courts were not exclusive but rather being used to process some non-POA cases, and because "The special prosecutors are not bothered and the cases filed under this Act are as neglected as the victims". While Dalit rights organisations were cautiously optimistic that the amended Act would improve the situation, legal experts were pessimistic. 3378:

backgrounds. In many cases, the churches referred to the Dalits as 'New Christians'. It is alleged to be a derogatory term which classifies the Dalit Christians to be looked down upon by other Christians. During the earlier days of Christianity, in some churches in south India, the Dalits had either separate seating or had to attend the mass outside. Dalit Christians are also said to be grossly underrepresented amongst the clergy in some places.

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punish violence against Dalits, including humiliations such as the forced consumption of noxious substances. Other atrocities included forced labour, denial of access to water and other public amenities, and sexual abuse. The Act permitted Special Courts exclusively to try POA cases. The Act called on states with high levels of caste violence (said to be "atrocity-prone") to appoint qualified officers to monitor and maintain law and order.

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previous traditions. This is attributed to the predominantly Hindu society they lived in. Discrimination against Dalit Christians also remained in interactions and mannerisms between castes; for example, during the earlier days, the 'lower caste Christians' had to their mouths when talking to a Syrian Christian. In many cases they were still referred to by their Hindu caste names: For example

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Scheduled Tribes which is proportionate to their population. The percentage is highest in Maharashtra (50 per cent), Karnataka (36.4 per cent) and Madhya Pradesh (36 per cent). Dalits have been arrested on false pretexts. According to Human Rights Watch, politically motivated arrests of Dalit rights activists occur and those arrested can be detained for six months without charge.

3982:, immigrants from India were primarily professionals and students, largely from upper caste or dominant caste families. However, from the 1990s onwards, many more of the skilled professionals arriving from India have been Dalit, due to multiple generations of affirmative action policies in India, as well as ongoing efforts of organised resistance against caste discrimination. 3767:

were claimed to be less effective in the workplace and would not help when the authorities were discriminating. One criticism of discrimination law was the difficulty in obtaining proof of violations. Perceived benefits of legislation were that it provides redress, leads to greater understanding and reduces the social acceptance of such discrimination.

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extended the number of acts that were deemed to be atrocities. One of those remedies, in an attempt to address the slow process of cases, was to make it mandatory for states to set up the exclusive Special Courts that the POA had delineated. Progress in doing so, however, was reported in April 2017 to be unimpressive.

3586:'s (Hindu nationalism) role in Indian politics has accompanied allegations that religious conversions of Dalits are due to allurements like education and jobs rather than faith. Critics argue that laws banning conversion and limiting social relief for converts mean that conversion impedes economic success. However, 3377:

Even after conversion, to some extent segregation, restriction, hierarchy, and graded ritual purity remained. Data shows that there is more discrimination and less class mobility among the people living in rural areas, where incidents of caste discrimination are higher among people from all religious

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Mass conversions of lower caste Hindus to Christianity and Islam took place in order to escape the discrimination. The main Dalit groups that participated in these conversions were the Chuhras of Punjab, Chamars of North India (Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Madhya Pradesh), Vankars of Gujarat, and Pulayas

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Surinder S. Jodhka says that, in practice, Sikhs belonging to the landowning dominant castes have not shed all their prejudices against the Dalit castes. While Dalits would be allowed entry into the village gurudwaras they would not be permitted to cook or serve langar (the communal meal). Therefore,

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ordered the rape of two Dalit sisters because their brother eloped with a married Jat girl of the same village. In 2003, the higher caste Muslims in Bihar opposed the burials of lower caste Muslims in the same graveyard. A Dalit activist was killed in 2020 for social media posts criticising Brahmins.

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documented a high number of sexual assaults against Dalit women, which were often committed by landlords, upper-caste villagers, and policemen, according to a study published in 2001. According to the research, only about 5% of assaults are recorded, and police dismiss at least 30% of rape reports as

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In 2018, Equality Labs released a report on "Caste in the United States". This report found that one in two Dalit Americans live in fear of their caste being "outed". In addition, 60% have experienced caste-based discriminatory jokes, and 25% have suffered verbal or physical assault because of their

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A 2010 study found that caste discrimination occurs in Britain at work and in service provision. While not ruling out the possibility of discrimination in education, no such incidents were uncovered. The report found favourable results from educational activities. However, non-legislative approaches

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Some claim that caste discrimination is non-existent. Some have rejected the government's right to interfere in the community. The Hindu Forum of Britain conducted their own research, concluding that caste discrimination was "not endemic in British society", reports to the contrary aimed to increase

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by upper caste members and the police. In September 2015, a 45-year-old Dalit woman was allegedly stripped naked and forced to drink urine by perpetrators in Madhya Pradesh. In some parts of India, there have been allegations that Dalit grooms riding horses for wedding ceremonies have been beaten up

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The South Asia State of Minorities Report 2020 has found that since the BJP (the Indian People's Party) has returned to political power in India as of May 2018, "Hate crimes against minorities have seen a spike – taking the form of mob lynching and vigilante violence against Muslims, Christians, and

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and nearly 17 per cent Brahmins alongside 80 per cent of Dalits. However, surveys of voters on the eve of elections, indicated that caste loyalties were not the voters' principal concern. Instead, inflation and other issues of social and economic development dictated the outcome. Mayawati's success

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The Government of India has attempted on several occasions to legislate specifically to address the issue of caste-related violence that affects SCs and STs. Aside from the Constitutional abolition of untouchability, there has been the Untouchability (Offences) Act of 1955, which was amended in the

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There have been incidents and allegations of SC and ST teachers and professors being discriminated against and harassed by authorities, upper castes colleagues and upper caste students in different education institutes of India. In some cases, such as in Gujarat, state governments have argued that,

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While discrimination against Dalits has declined in urban areas and in the public sphere, it still exists in rural areas and in the private sphere, in everyday matters such as access to eating places, schools, temples and water sources. Some Dalits successfully integrated into urban Indian society,

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and among the South Asian diaspora. In 2001, the quality of life of the Dalit population in India was worse than that of the overall Indian population on metrics such as access to health care, life expectancy, education attainability, access to drinking water and housing. According to a 2007 report

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By 1995, of all federal government jobs in India – 10.1 per cent of Class I, 12.7 per cent of Class II, 16.2 per cent of Class III, and 27.2 per cent of Class IV jobs were held by Dalits. Of the most senior jobs in government agencies and government-controlled enterprises, only 1 per cent were held

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wrote in 1998 that the term had become "intensely political ... While the use of the term might seem to express appropriate solidarity with the contemporary face of Untouchable politics, there remain major problems in adopting it as a generic term. Although the word is now quite widespread, it

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Christianity was thought to be egalitarian and could provide mobility away from the caste. Sometimes the only change seen was their religious identity. Even after conversion, in some cases, Dalits were discriminated against due to the "residual leftover" practice of caste discrimination from their

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Forced by the circumstances of their birth and poverty, Dalits in India continue to work as sanitation workers: manual scavengers, cleaners of drains & sewers, garbage collectors, and sweepers of roads. As of 2019, an estimated 40 to 60 per cent of the 6 million Dalit households are engaged in

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in 2010, "they still live in secluded quarters, do the dirtiest work, and are not allowed to use the village well and other common facilities". In the same year, Zelliot noted that "In spite of much progress over the last sixty years, Dalits are still at the social and economic bottom of society."

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also notes Singh's 2006 comment but says that, despite the obvious similarities, race prejudice and the situation of Dalits "have a different basis and perhaps a different solution". Though the Indian Constitution abolished untouchability, the oppressed status of Dalits remains a reality. In rural

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is the official term for Dalits in the opinion of India's National Commissions for Scheduled Castes (NCSC), who took legal advice that indicated modern legislation does not refer to Dalit and that therefore, it says, it is "unconstitutional" for official documents to do so. In 2004, the NCSC noted

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also detects a trend towards denial of the politicised identity, for example among educated middle-class people who have converted to Buddhism and argue that, as Buddhists, they cannot be Dalits. This may be due to their improved circumstances giving rise to a desire not to be associated with what

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prior to 1935. It was popularised by Ambedkar, himself a Dalit, who included all depressed people irrespective of their caste into the definition of Dalits. It covered people who were excluded from the fourfold varna system of Hinduism and thought of themselves as forming a fifth varna, describing

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The largest cohort of Roma is hypothesized to have entered the Punjab region of present-day Pakistan between 1001 and 1026 to fight on behalf of Hindu rulers against incursions of the Islamic Ghaznavid dynasty. Their motivation for doing so may have been a promise of promotion in caste (having at

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in 2011. Despite political connections and the financial ability to struggle against ingrained prejudices, Chirag was not able to "bag" any other movie project in the following years. Chirag, in his early days, described Bollywood as his "childhood dream", but eventually entered politics instead.

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of the Madura Mission were members of Nadars, Maravars, and Pallar. They believed that "Christianity is a true religion; a desire for protection from oppressors and, if possible, material aid; the desire for education for their children; and the knowledge that those who have become Christians had

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allegedly "gobbled up a substantial portion of the offerings". Though Dalits form more than 60 per cent of Talhan's 5,000-strong population, local traditions ensured that they were denied a place on the committee. The landlords, in league with radical Sikh organisations and the SGPC, attempted to

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Similar groups are found throughout the rest of the Indian subcontinent; less than 2 per cent of Pakistan's population are Hindu and 70–75 per cent of those Hindus are Dalits, in Nepal, Bangladesh had 5 million Dalits in 2010 with the majority being landless and in chronic poverty, and Sri Lanka.

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Most of India's 140 million Muslims are descended from local converts. Many of them converted to Islam to escape Hindu upper-caste oppression. 75% of the present Indian Muslim population are Dalits. In 2003, the higher caste Muslims in Bihar opposed the burials of lower caste Muslims in the same

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Discrimination is illegal under Indian law by the Removal of Civil Disabilities Act (Act 21 of 1938), the Temple Entry Authorization and Indemnity Act 1939 (Act XXII of 1939) and Article 17 of the Constitution which outlawed Untouchability. After India's independence in 1947, secular nationalism

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are affected by caste. Gurdwaras such as those of the Ramgarhia Sikhs are organised along caste lines and most are controlled by a single caste. In most British towns and cities with a significant Sikh population, rival gurdwaras can be found with caste-specific management committees. The caste

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The POA designated specific crimes against SCs and STs as "atrocities" – a criminal act that has "the quality of being shockingly cruel and inhumane" – which should be prosecuted under its terms rather than existing criminal law. It created corresponding punishments. Its purpose was to curb and

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According to the 2014 NCAER/University of Maryland survey, 27 per cent of the Indian population still practices untouchability; the figure may be higher because many people refuse to acknowledge doing so when questioned, although the methodology of the survey was also criticised for potentially

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to enhance the ability of Dalits to have political representation and to obtain government jobs and education. The 1950 Constitution of India included measures to improve the socioeconomic conditions of Dalits. Aside from banning untouchability, these included the reservation system, a means of

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Caste-based occupations held by Dalits also show a clear segregation which perpetuated even after becoming Christian. Occupational patterns (including manual scavenging) are prevalent among Dalit Christians in north-west India are said to be quite similar to those of Dalit Hindus. Occupational

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passed the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Amendment Act to address issues regarding the implementation of the POA, including instances where the police put procedural obstacles in the way of alleged victims or indeed outright colluded with the accused. It also

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Discrimination against Dalits exists in access to healthcare and nutrition. A sample survey of Dalits, conducted over several months in Madhya Pradesh and funded by ActionAid in 2014, found that health field workers did not visit 65 per cent of Dalit settlements. 47 per cent of Dalits were not

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Dalits comprise a slightly disproportionate number of India's prison inmates. While Dalits (including both SCs and STs) constitute 25 per cent of the Indian population, they account for 33.2 per cent of prisoners. About 24.5 per cent of death row inmates in India are from Scheduled Castes and

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irrespective of caste, class, or sex. Mahatma Gandhi, an admirer of Mehta's work, first used the word in the context of identifying Dalits in 1933. Ambedkar disliked the name as it placed Dalits in relation to a greater Hindu nation rather than as in an independent community like Muslims. In

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Several Dalit groups are rivals and sometimes communal tensions are evident. A study found more than 900 Dalit sub-castes throughout India, with internal divisions. Emphasising any one caste threatens what is claimed to be an emerging Dalit identity and fostering rivalry among SCs.

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rape case, which arose out of a dispute of allocation of land, is an example of atrocities against Dalit girls and women. In August 2015, due to continued alleged discrimination from upper castes of the village, about 100 Dalit inhabitants converted to Islam in a ceremony at

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In the past, they were believed to be so impure that upper-caste Hindus considered their presence to be polluting. The "impure status" was related to their historic hereditary occupations that caste Hindus considered to be "polluting" or debased, such as working with

4366:(butchers) are generally viewed as a higher caste than Bhangis, the latter refuses to offer cleaning services to Khateeks, believing that their profession renders them unclean. They also consider the Balai, Dholi and Mogya as unclean and do not associate with them. 2854:, nearly 79 per cent of Adivasi households and 73 per cent of Dalit households were the most deprived among rural households in India. While 45 per cent of SC households are landless and earn a living by manual casual labour, the figure is 30 per cent for Adivasis. 3726:

While the Indian Constitution has provisions for the social and economic uplift of Dalits to support their upward social mobility, these concessions are limited to Hindus. Dalits who have converted to other religions have asked that benefits be extended to them.

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that created the classification of Scheduled Castes as Dalits. Communities that were categorised as being one of those groups were guaranteed a percentage of the seats in the national and state legislatures, as well as in government jobs and places of education.

2733:. Untouchability was also practised by people of minority religions – 23 per cent of Sikhs, 18 per cent of Muslims and 5 per cent of Christians. According to statewide data, Untouchability is most commonly practised in Madhya Pradesh (53 per cent), followed by 285:

still has deep roots in a tradition of political radicalism inspired by the figure of B. R. Ambedkar." They went on to suggest that its use risked erroneously labelling the entire population of untouchables in India as being united by a radical politics.

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concluded that the Hindu community in Britain is particularly well integrated, loosening caste ties. Casteist beliefs were prevalent mainly among first-generation immigrants, with such prejudices declining with each successive generation due to greater

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In the 1930s, Gandhi and Ambedkar disagreed regarding the retention of the Varna system. Whilst Ambedkar wanted to see it destroyed, Gandhi thought that it could be modified by reinterpreting Hindu texts so that the untouchables were absorbed into the

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James Lochtefeld, a professor of religion and Asian studies, said in 2002 that the "adoption and popularization of reflects their growing awareness of the situation, and their greater assertiveness in demanding their legal and constitutional rights".

439:, which literally mean First Dravidians, Kannadigas, and Andhras, respectively. These terms were first used in 1917 by Southern Dalit leaders, who believed that they were the indigenous inhabitants of India. The terms are used in the states of 14595: 3949:

It is estimated that in 1883, about one-third of the immigrants who arrived in the Caribbean were Dalits. The shared experience of being exploited in a foreign land gradually broke down caste barriers in the Caribbean Hindu communities.

3707:. Dalits are often used as a votebank. There have been instances where it has been alleged that an election-winning party reneged on promises made to the Dalits made during the election campaign or have excluded them from party affairs. 1654: 2721:

where caste origins are less obvious. In rural India, however, caste origins are more readily apparent and Dalits often remain excluded from local religious life, though some qualitative evidence suggests that exclusion is diminishing.

3247:. The Chamars came out in force and confronted the Randhawa and Bains Jat Sikh landlords, who refused to give the Chamars a share on the governing committee of a shrine dedicated to Shaheed Baba Nihal Singh. The shrine earned 3–7 2944:

is from the year 2000. In that year a total of 25,455 crimes against Dalits were committed; 2 Dalits were assaulted every hour, and in each day 3 Dalit women were raped, 2 Dalits were murdered, and 2 Dalit homes were set on fire.

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The declaration by princely states of Kerala between 1936 and 1947 that temples were open to all Hindus went a long way towards ending untouchability there. However, educational opportunities for Dalits in Kerala remain limited.

550:, when Ambedkar conceded his demand that the Dalits should have an electorate separate from the caste Hindus in return for Gandhi accepting measures along these lines. The notion of a separate electorate had been proposed in the 4140:'s collection of stories, "Jevha Mi Jat Chorali" (When I had Concealed My Caste), published in 1963, marked a significant turning point, portraying the harsh realities of Dalit lives and garnering critical acclaim. Writers like 3593:

Another political issue is Dalit affirmative-action quotas in government jobs and university admissions. About 8 per cent of the seats in the National and State Parliaments are reserved for Scheduled Caste and Tribe candidates.

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Dalit literature emerged in the 1970s with magazines like Puma and Panther, inspired by the Dalit Panthers movement in Maharashtra. Writers such as Rameshchandra Parmar and Sahil Parmar played vital roles in its development.

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same year to become the Protection of Civil Rights Act. It was determined that neither of those Acts were effective, so the Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act of 1989 (POA) came into force.

4125:, suggesting a long-standing tradition of marginalized voices. This literary movement gained momentum in the mid-20th century, challenging the prevailing portrayals of life in mainstream literature. The publication of 642:(8%) and Tamil Nadu (7%) between them accounted for almost half the country's total Scheduled Caste population. They were most prevalent as a proportion of the states' population in Punjab, at about 32 per cent, while 610:, the Information and Broadcasting Ministry (I&B Ministry) of the Government of India issued an advisory to all media channels in September 2018, asking them to use "Scheduled Castes" instead of the word "Dalit". 10263: 4241:. The Indian author Rajesh Talwar has written a play titled 'Gandhi, Ambedkar, and the Four-Legged Scorpion' in which the personal experiences of Ambedkar and the sufferings of the community have been highlighted. 591:. Many social organisations have promoted better conditions for Dalits through education, healthcare and employment. Nonetheless, while caste-based discrimination was prohibited and untouchability abolished by the 4289:

When the media tried to talk to him about "Caste in Bollywood", he refused to talk about the matter. A recent Hindi film to portray a Dalit character in the leading role, although it was not acted by a Dalit, was

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wherever they could mobilise resources, the Sikh Dalits of Punjab have tried to construct their gurudwara and other local-level institutions to attain a certain degree of cultural autonomy. In 1953, Sikh leader

5717: 3555:, largely run by upper-caste landlords in Bihar. They oppose equal treatment of Dalits and have resorted to violence. The Ranvir Sena is considered a terrorist organisation by the government of India. In 2015, 3263:. In that time Jats conducted several boycotts against the Chamars. The Jat Sikhs and their allies cut off the power supply to their homes. In addition, various scuffles and fights set Chamar youths armed with 10815: 2850:, have argued that the living standards of many Dalits have improved since the economic system became more liberalised starting in 1991 and have supported their claims through large surveys. According to the 3318:

engineer called Vishal Damodar was initiated as a Jain monk by Acharya Navaratna Sagar Suriji at Samet Shikhar. Acharya Nanesh, the eighth Achayra of Sadhumargi Jain Shravak Sangha, had preached among the

8552:, Quote: "Here there is not only a criticism of religion (most of all, Hinduism, but also prior traditions of Buddhism), but also of secularism, and that criticism is articulated moreover as a religion." 4888: 9190:

Louis, Prakash (2007). Caste-based discrimination and atrocities on Dalit Christians and the need for reservations (Report). Working Paper Series. Vol. II. New Delhi, IN: Indian Institute of Dalit

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false. The study also discovered that police often seek bribes, threaten witnesses, and conceal evidence. Victims of rape have also been killed. There have been reports of Dalits being forced to eat

4237:. Additionally, Dalit literature encompasses various forms such as poetry, autobiographies, and oral history narratives, with notable works including "Karukku" by Bama and "The Weave of My Life" by 3809:

to protect British citizens against caste discrimination. In 2018 the UK government decided not to include caste as a "protected characteristic" within the terms of the Act, and to rely instead on

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varna. It was this disagreement that led to the Poona Pact. Gandhi began the Harijan Yatra to help the Dalits, but ran into some opposition from Dalits that wanted a complete break from Hinduism.

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In India's most populous state, Uttar Pradesh, Dalits have had a major political impact. The Dalit-led Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) had previously run the government and that party's leader,

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Other Hindu groups attempted to reconcile with the Dalit community. Hindu temples are increasingly receptive to Dalit priests, a function formerly reserved for Brahmins. Brahmins such as

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by Dalits, not much change in 40 years. In the 21st century, Dalits have been elected to India's highest judicial and political offices. In 1997, India elected its first Dalit President,

178: 3267:, rocks, bricks, soda bottles and anything they could find fought Jat Sikh landlords, youths and the Punjab police. Dalit youngsters painted their homes and motorcycles with the slogan, 363:. It is also sometimes used to refer to the entirety of India's oppressed peoples, which is the context that applies to its use in Nepalese society. An example of the limitations of the 4295:(2007). The continued use of caste based references to Dalit sub-castes in South Indian films (typecast and pigeonholed in their main socio-economic sub-group) angers many Dalit fans. 2963:

by upper caste people. In August 2015, upper caste people burned houses and vehicles belonging to Dalit families and slaughtered their livestock in reaction to Dalits daring to hold a

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More recent studies in Britain were inconclusive and found that discrimination was "not religion specific and is subscribed to by members of any or no religion". Equalities Minister

11376: 7571: 7084: 10293: 10967: 10271: 9562: 244:). In Classical Sanskrit, this means "divided, split, broken, scattered". This word was repurposed in 19th-century Sanskrit to mean "(a person) not belonging to one of the four 4746: 4702: 7407: 6095: 5255: 4117:

poetry" and Dohara Kakkaiah, a Dalit by birth, six of whose confessional poems survive. The origins of modern Dalit writing can be traced back to the works of Marathi Dalit

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far from being discriminatory, their rejection when applying for jobs in education has been because there are no suitably qualified candidates from those classifications.

11293: 3654:, served several times as chief minister. Regarding her election in 2007, some reports claimed her victory was due to her ability to win support from both 17 per cent of 7931: 6932: 3201:

caste, also denounced the hierarchy of the caste system. Despite this, social stratification exists in the Sikh community. The bulk of the Sikhs of Punjab belong to the

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actively participated in the rights of Dalits. While Dalits had places to worship, the first upper-caste temple to openly welcome Dalits was the Laxminarayan Temple in

2691:(HRW), the treatment of Dalits has been like a "hidden apartheid" and that they "endure segregation in housing, schools, and access to public services". HRW noted that 7958: 11570: 10804: 7811: 7286: 4132:

Dalit literature in India has flourished in various regional languages, reflecting the diverse experiences and struggles of Dalit communities across the country. In

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Most Dalits in India are Hindu. There have been incidents which showed that Dalits were restricted from entering temples by high-caste Hindus, and participation in

515:(c. 1840–1900) is generally considered to be the pioneer of the Dalit movement, seeking a society in which they were not discriminated against. Another pioneer was 15058: 9459: 6501: 5369: 4322:

A DLM (Dalit Liberation Movement) party leader said in the early 2000s that it is easier to organise Dalits on a caste basis than to fight caste prejudice itself.

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Dalit literature encompasses writings by Dalits about their lived experiences, and it has emerged as a significant literary movement and forms a distinct part of

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keep out the Dalits by razing the shrine overnight and constructing a gurdwara on it, but the Dalit quest for a say in the governing committee did not end.

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is a self-applied concept for those called the "untouchables" and others that were outside of the traditional Hindu caste hierarchy. Economist and reformer

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A 2009 report alleged that caste discrimination is "rife" in the United Kingdom. The report alleged that casteism persists in the workplace and within the

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Katuwal, Shyam Bahadur (2009). "The Issues and Concerns of Dalit Labourers in Nepal". In Mohanty, Panchanan; Malik, Ramesh C.; Kasi, Eswarappa (eds.).

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are denied entry to Hindu temples. In at least one case, Dalits were reportedly beaten by upper-caste people while attempting to enter a local temple.

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do not allow Dalit villagers to use the public borewell for fetching water and thus they are forced to drink dirty water. In metropolitan areas around

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had the highest proportion of its population as SC (around 32%), while India's island territories and two northeastern states had approximately zero.

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addition, many Dalits found, and still find, the term patronizing and derogatory, with some even claiming that the term really refers to children of

11727: 8344: 7546: 7504: 15615: 14273: 12957: 10941: 9702: 9414: 9394: 7320: 2666: 1324: 11051: 8048: 3962:, originating in northern India, are said to be of Dalit ancestry. Between 1001 and 1026, the Romani fought under their Hindu rulers to fight the 3221:

succeeded in winning the demands from the government to include Sikh castes of the converted untouchables in the list of scheduled castes. In the

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category is that, under Indian law, such people can only be followers of Buddhism, Hinduism or Sikhism, yet there are communities who claim to be

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They are also found as part of the Indian diaspora in many countries, including the United States, United Kingdom, Singapore, and the Caribbean.

8581: 8372: 7181: 14194: 13378: 10137: 9232: 9099: 5731: 1237: 12202: 6810: 2815:. They are required to sit separately at lunch in 35 per cent of schools and are required to eat with specially marked plates in 28 per cent. 10758: 9510: 8926: 7236: 4172:, leading to the formation of the Bangla Dalit Sahitya Sanstha and the launch of the magazine "Chaturtha Duniya". Prominent Dalit authors in 2930: 11104: 11070: 8973: 7158: 14841: 6895: 6753: 3287:

Historically Jainism was practised by many communities across India. They are often conservative and are generally considered upper-caste.

1900: 9940: 5263:, Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes, Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Government of India (28 October 2013). 535:. Ambedkar himself believed Walangkar to be the progenitor. Another early social reformer who worked to improve conditions for Dalits was 14811: 14415: 13952: 13544: 12608: 10074: 1870: 1466: 987: 10403: 4225:

Dalit literature has a rich history dating back to the fifteenth century, with significant contributions from Sudramuni Sarala Dasa and

618: 14099: 10297: 7902: 6559: 2749: 1142: 630:

Scheduled Caste communities exist across India and comprised 16.6% of the country's population, according to the 2011 Census of India.

9883: 9570: 9440: 6728: 5749: 3848: 3149:, leading several mass conversions of Dalits from Hinduism to Buddhism. Ambedkar's Buddhism is a new kind of Buddhism that focuses on 12007: 11319: 7377: 4754: 4397: 4359:

were constantly in conflict with each other but as of 2015 Mala and Madiga students work for common dalit cause at university level.

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discrimination for Dalit Christians goes so far as to restrict not only employment but in some cases for clean sanitation and water.

2811:, 88 per cent discriminated against Dalit children. In 79 per cent of the schools studied Dalit children are forbidden from touching 10235: 9820: 9340: 8402: 7417: 3228:

Sikh women are required to have the surname "Kaur", and men, the surname "Singh", to eradicate caste identities and discrimination.

16610: 14034: 13922: 13665: 12813: 12808: 12803: 12545: 11268: 6870: 4618: 4452: 1069: 957: 308: 8224: 6370: 5046:"Independent labour party: 19th July (1937) in Dalit History – Dr. Ambedkar took oath as the member of Bombay Legislative Council" 3153:. About half a million Dalits joined Ambedkar in rejecting Hinduism and challenging its caste system. The movement is centered in 11249: 10647: 10342: 10207: 9484: 8111:"Resisting ritual repression and reclaiming social positions by Dalits in Tamilnadu: a critical discourse analysis of media text" 5187: 4656: 3979: 3222: 658: 595:, such practices are still widespread. To prevent harassment, assault, discrimination and similar acts against these groups, the 11163: 6639: 6616: 15554: 14278: 14044: 13872: 13857: 13852: 13698: 7085:

Lived Realities of Women Sanitation Workers in India: Insights from a Participatory Research Conducted in Three Cities of India

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politics are common in India, usually based on religion or caste. Indeed, the term itself was coined by the Indian sociologist

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and is sometimes used to refer to all of India's oppressed peoples. A similar all-encompassing situation prevails in Nepal.

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that drafted India's constitution. Ram also served in the interim national government of 1946 He served in the cabinets of

3314:. A 22-year-old youth, Chandaram Meghwal, was initiated as a Jain monk in Ahore town in Jalore district in 2005. In 2010 a 2851: 2659: 1676: 962: 776: 9915: 7297: 6480: 6236: 3941:

in the names of the bridegroom and bride, or deny them access to gurdwara-based religious services and community centres.

3172:. The Scheduled Castes Order (Amendment) Act, 1990 granted reservation to Dalit Buddhists and recognized their SC status. 15263: 14933: 14846: 14737: 14405: 14225: 13862: 13847: 3298:

community in the Udaipur region, who decided to adopt Jainism. Their centre, Ahimsa Nagar, located about four miles from

2336: 1992: 1905: 1796: 1456: 1274: 897: 882: 10582: 10189: 9783: 7258: 6989: 6426: 6289: 355:

definition. It can include nomadic tribes and another official classification that also originated with the British Raj

16640: 16111: 14831: 14305: 12714: 12709: 12684: 12664: 12436: 10688: 10162: 9731: 9717: 9616: 8684: 6397: 6208: 5411: 5353: 4793: 4402: 3821: 1890: 1356: 205:(1891–1956) said that untouchability came into Indian society around 400 CE, due to the struggle for supremacy between 9644: 4304:

was broadcast in 2009 where the main female character Maya, who is of upper class, falls in love with a Dalit person.

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discrimination by legislating expression and behaviour and that barriers should instead be removed through education.

14479: 14310: 13801: 13779: 12891: 12496: 12417: 12324: 12279: 12260: 11839: 11671: 11209: 11147: 9793: 9762: 9752: 9654: 8823: 4729: 4056: 3679: 3042: 1530: 1361: 828: 806: 17: 11194: 9028: 5250: 4129:'s Gulamgiri in 1873 marked a seminal moment in Dalit literature, shedding light on the plight of the Untouchables. 3978:, the demand for labourers brought in many caste-diverse South Asian immigrants, many of whom were Dalit. After the 16625: 16615: 15216: 15053: 14953: 14410: 14300: 13147: 12618: 11136: 4265: 3716: 3077: 2289: 2118: 2012: 1461: 1351: 12518: 16635: 15601: 14806: 14317: 14074: 13877: 13350: 13066: 12943: 12583: 10374: 6087: 3817: 3786: 2990: 2652: 1865: 1368: 1117: 912: 9884:"17% of BSP votes came from Brahmins, according to a survey by the Centre for the Study of Developing Societies" 9602: 8707: 16605: 16600: 13937: 13554: 13549: 12896: 12689: 11519: 8157: 4948: 4638: 4038: 3933:

The few gurdwaras that accept inter-caste marriages do so reluctantly. Gurdwaras may insist on the presence of

3625: 3486: 3126:. In September 2015, four Dalit women were fined by the upper-caste Hindus for entering a temple in Karnataka. 972: 14079: 11694: 1122: 15485: 15201: 13917: 13398: 13114: 12992: 12924: 12694: 12593: 9682: 8855: 3975: 3897: 3605: 2941: 2916:

Caste-related violence between Dalit and non-Dalits stems from ongoing prejudice by upper caste members. The

2566: 2274: 952: 661:, "India has 600,000 villages and almost every village a small pocket on the outskirts is meant for Dalits." 11811: 9058:

Shyamlal (1992). "Jain Movement and Socio-Religious Transformation of the 'Bhangis' of Jodhpur, Rajasthan".

5504:

Paik, Shailaja (September 2011). "Mahar–Dalit–Buddhist: The history and politics of naming in Maharashtra".

4188:

in the late 19th century. The Tamil Dalit literary movement gained momentum in the 1990s, influenced by the

14764: 14712: 13688: 13658: 13617: 13537: 13436: 13127: 12538: 11896:"Road to India—A Brazilian Love Story: BRICS, Migration, and Cultural Flows in Brazil's Caminho das Indias" 11545: 11236: 7730: 4551:, an ethnic group in the Spanish Basque country and the French Basque coast sometimes linked to the Cagots. 3858: 3629: 3443: 2828: 2795:

According to an analysis by The IndiaGoverns Research Institute, Dalits constituted nearly half of primary

1823: 1771: 707: 622:

Scheduled Castes distribution in India by state and union territory according to the 2011 Census of India.

570: 555: 6055:"Under India's caste system, Dalits are considered untouchable. The coronavirus is intensifying that slur" 2929:

has been proposed as a remedy, but according to a 2014 survey of 42,000 households by the New Delhi-based

2835:

in 2011–12. In urban areas, 21.8 per cent of SC populations were below the poverty line. A 2012 survey by

15961: 15396: 15248: 14667: 14268: 14214: 13484: 13388: 13249: 13051: 12982: 12588: 11652:"Caste and the literary imagination in the context of Odia literature: a reading of Akhila Nayak's Bheda" 9314: 9173: 3508: 2477: 2321: 1726: 1319: 1257: 7759:"A Khap Panchayat in UP Wants Two Dalit Sisters Raped Because Their Brother Eloped with a Married Woman" 15505: 14290: 13972: 13703: 13426: 13327: 13297: 13239: 13168: 13137: 13081: 13029: 12679: 10046: 9723: 9608: 6327: 5616: 5476: 3916:

have united to establish their own temples throughout Britain. Some Valmiki temples keep a copy of the

2832: 2586: 1341: 1007: 722: 6962: 4184:, and Kalyani Charal. Tamil Nadu has a long history of Dalit literature, starting from the efforts of 15681: 14858: 14672: 14574: 14459: 14121: 14089: 13759: 13693: 13632: 13383: 13244: 12865: 12699: 10841: 9291: 8585: 8380: 4274:

or other film industries of India and the community were rarely depicted at the heart of storylines.

3480: 3474: 3465: 3411: 3073: 1917: 1731: 1625: 1510: 1164: 1132: 786: 712: 506: 372: 210: 11712: 9110: 8962:[Even the country was divided in the name of religion: Paharia] (in Hindi). 18 October 2013. 8247:"How history has systematically distorted the figure of Shivaji: Excerpt from Govind Pansare's book" 3974:

Many Dalits first came to the United States to flee caste-based oppression in South Asia. After the

16198: 15118: 15006: 14853: 14622: 14559: 14387: 14342: 14204: 14084: 14066: 14002: 13932: 13816: 13446: 13431: 13370: 13307: 13254: 13178: 12886: 12217: 10855:

Lerche, Jens (2008). "Transnational Advocacy Networks and Affirmative Action for Dalits in India".

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The fight for temple entry rights for Dalits continues to cause controversy. In a 2015 incident in

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From Higher Caste to Lower Caste: The Processes of Asprashyeekaran and the Myth of Sanskritization

8934: 8927:"Latest Udaipur News 31/12/2013: वीरवाल जैन समाज के गुरु की पुण्यतिथि मार्च में – www.bhaskar.com" 6070:"What is the progress in elementary education participation in India during the last two decades?" 5871:

DFID's programme in Bangladesh: third report of session 2009–10, Vol. 2: Oral and written evidence

3930:

in 1999, Jat Sikhs refused to eat food that had been cooked and prepared by the Chamar community.

2846:

Some Dalits have achieved affluence, although most remain poor. Some Dalit intellectuals, such as

15572: 15401: 15381: 15243: 15233: 15191: 14821: 14662: 14524: 14494: 14489: 14432: 14367: 14352: 14285: 14258: 14243: 13651: 13229: 13044: 13012: 12628: 12578: 12531: 12037:

The Bhangi: A Sweeper Caste, Its Socio-economic Portraits: with Special Reference to Jodhpur City

10051: 9840:

Pai, Sudha (1994). "Caste and Communal Mobilisation in the Electoral Politics of Uttar Pradesh".

9286: 8977: 8676: 8641: 8461: 5370:"Stop calling Dalits 'Harijan': SC calls the term abusive, as we remain ignorant and insensitive" 5273: 4432: 4027: 3756: 3660: 3470: 3146: 2764:, Dalits and Muslims face discrimination from upper caste landlords when seeking places to rent. 2696: 2482: 2462: 2316: 2306: 2264: 1880: 1721: 1575: 1545: 1540: 1483: 1418: 1403: 1336: 1309: 1294: 673: 579: 415:

to describe ex-untouchables became more common among other castes than within Dalits themselves.

356: 182: 14469: 11348:, Mondes Indiens/South Asia, Pondichéry: Institut Français de Pondichéry, pp. vii–xxxviii, 10747:

Human rights watch (2001) Caste discrimination: A global concern. Human Rights Commission. p. 22

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The construction of religious boundaries: culture, identity, and diversity in the Sikh tradition

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found that 93 per cent of Dalit families in the state of Karnataka live below the poverty line.

1520: 470:

caste, into which Ambedkar was born. Most other communities prefer to use their own caste name.

15636: 15624: 15500: 15473: 15463: 14943: 14923: 14786: 14657: 14554: 14504: 14474: 14454: 14382: 14362: 14337: 14332: 14327: 14238: 14209: 14182: 14153: 14148: 13744: 13734: 13600: 13039: 12966: 9950: 7051: 5578:

Religion, Human Rights and International Law: A Critical Examination of Islamic State Practices

5149: 4034: 2934: 2581: 2554: 2544: 2002: 1982: 1845: 1716: 1605: 1555: 1525: 1505: 1433: 1413: 1388: 1383: 1378: 1289: 1252: 1225: 1196: 1191: 771: 761: 12066: 10682: 10100: 9042: 7986: 5893: 5835: 5645: 5610: 5573: 5143: 4938: 4855: 4815: 16470: 16378: 15940: 15468: 15428: 15361: 15258: 15206: 15133: 14888: 14652: 14564: 14539: 14534: 14519: 14514: 14509: 14449: 14397: 14357: 14263: 14233: 14131: 13754: 13622: 13612: 13514: 13499: 13441: 13337: 13312: 13224: 13173: 13163: 13122: 13076: 13071: 13007: 12855: 12704: 12623: 12573: 12554: 12035: 11294:"Meet Chuni Kotal, the Dalit Advasi woman from Bengal who battled stigma in Indian education" 9973: 9460:"Nepal Dalit leader says Modi's stress on consensus has meant dilution in draft constitution" 8882: 8813: 8726: 8670: 5870: 5543: 5428: 5108: 5075:. In Chaudhary, Nandita; Hviid, Pernille; Marsico, Giuseppina; Villadsen, Jakob Waag (eds.). 5072: 3791: 3260: 3218: 3050: 3021: 2946: 2892:

allowed entry into ration shops, and 64 per cent were given fewer grains than non-Dalits. In

2679: 2549: 2509: 2442: 2331: 2279: 2198: 1947: 1711: 1615: 1590: 1585: 1570: 1565: 1560: 1500: 1448: 1408: 1314: 1284: 1174: 781: 592: 170: 107: 15593: 12317:

Dalits and the Democratic Revolution – Dr. Ambedkar and the Dalit Movement in Colonial India

8999: 8266:"Why lakhs of Indians celebrate the British victory over the Maratha Peshwas every New Year" 7439: 6264:"India a dangerous, violent place for Muslims under Modi government, says minorities report" 5470: 5045: 4985: 4300: 3926:

Caste-based discrimination has occurred amongst Sikhs in the UK. At a sports competition in

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said that the impact is on a relatively small number of people. Religious studies professor

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was elected as the President of India, becoming the second dalit president of the country.

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Chamars fought a four-year court battle with the landlords and their allies, including the

2926: 2836: 2796: 2420: 1932: 1806: 1515: 1473: 1423: 1398: 1206: 1169: 902: 756: 574: 512: 186: 11605:"Genesis, Historicity and Persistence of Dalit Protest Literature and Movements in Odisha" 11025: 4168:

became popular. In Bengal, the Dalit literary movement began in 1992 after the suicide of

256:, in the context of the oppression faced by the erstwhile "untouchable" castes from other 8: 16277: 16222: 16217: 16212: 15655: 15515: 15376: 15011: 14913: 14893: 14682: 14590: 14549: 14529: 14499: 14392: 14187: 13997: 13627: 13532: 13471: 13416: 13393: 12845: 12793: 10810: 10438: 9889: 9591:

Verma, R.K., 1991. Caste and Bihar Politics. Economic and Political Weekly, pp.1142–1144.

8606: 8537: 7412: 7263: 6342: 5986: 5841: 5322: 5317: 4678: 4627: 4596: 4538: 4422: 4284: 3854: 3749: 3640: 3617: 3529: 3492: 3439: 3415: 3065: 3004: 2847: 2596: 2457: 2076: 1972: 1952: 1741: 1649: 1600: 1580: 1550: 1443: 1230: 1032: 596: 11275: 11142:, Editors: Nalini Natarajan, Emmanuel Sampath Nelson. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1996. 6172: 16358: 16335: 15812: 15772: 15628: 15288: 15283: 15273: 15221: 15211: 15186: 15128: 15086: 14996: 14991: 14986: 14898: 14199: 13605: 13590: 13559: 13461: 13451: 13234: 13198: 13091: 13061: 13022: 12757: 12377: 12156: 11732: 11632: 11501: 11427: 11320:"A Brief Introductory Overview of Bengali Dalit Literature – Y – The ILF Samanvay Blog" 11170: 10917:"Case to Watch: Cisco lawsuit tests anti-bias laws' application to Indian caste system" 9978: 9825: 9696: 9375: 9226: 8776: 8288: 8205: 8138: 8029: 7963: 7816: 7812:"'Anti-Brahmin' posts on social media: 5 more held for murder of Dalit lawyer in Kutch" 7646: 7044: 7019: 6652: 6402: 6374: 6198: 6176: 6149: 6122: 6011: 5521: 5293: 4554: 4177: 4161: 4145: 3100: 2812: 2709: 2688: 2361: 2356: 2346: 2294: 2284: 2259: 2193: 2151: 2061: 2056: 2051: 1957: 1242: 384: 10840:

Zwick-Maitreyi, M.; Soundararajan, T.; Dar, N.; Bheel, R.F.; Balakrishnan, P. (2018).

5680: 4510: 3600:(1908–1986) was the first scheduled caste leader to emerge at the national level from 2725:

inflating the figure. Across India, Untouchability was practised among 52 per cent of

232:

for the outcasts and untouchables who were oppressed and broken in the Hindu society.

217:, who was an excommunicated Brahmin, fought for the rights of untouchables during the 16340: 16266: 16184: 15701: 15647: 15547: 15458: 15386: 15371: 15170: 15113: 14918: 14826: 14717: 14637: 14484: 13784: 13585: 13489: 13479: 13302: 13219: 13203: 13132: 13099: 12798: 12492: 12470: 12451: 12432: 12413: 12394: 12381: 12342: 12320: 12298: 12275: 12256: 12237: 12187: 12160: 12135: 12114: 12093: 12072: 12041: 11986: 11907: 11667: 11636: 11624: 11578: 11493: 11462: 11452: 11431: 11419: 11349: 11205: 11143: 11119: 11085: 10872: 10868: 10785:

Language Conflict and Language Rights: Ethnolinguistic Perspectives on Human Conflict

10692: 10112: 10108: 9789: 9758: 9727: 9650: 9612: 9367: 9259: 8956: 8916:वीरवाल जैन समाज के गुरु की पुण्यतिथि मार्च में, Bhaskar News Network|31 December 2013 8888: 8819: 8736: 8680: 8645: 8610: 8500: 8465: 8197: 8142: 8130: 8058: 8033: 8021: 8002:"Dalits and Their Religious Identity in India: A Critical Look at Existing Practices" 7839: 7182:"Three-Quarters of Death Row Prisoners are from Lower Castes or Religious Minorities" 7059: 6212: 6154: 6036: 5903: 5875: 5845: 5653: 5620: 5585: 5549: 5525: 5480: 5434: 5407: 5349: 5153: 5118: 5080: 5021: 4991: 4944: 4861: 4825: 4789: 4778: 4725: 4442: 4427: 4217: 4189: 4110: 4070: 3918: 3806: 3572: 3303: 3158: 3130: 2872: 2868: 2628: 2539: 2467: 2452: 2235: 2178: 1977: 1885: 1776: 1696: 1535: 811: 607: 532: 83: 11895: 10968:""U.S. court penalises California State department in caste discrimination lawsuit"" 10023: 6656: 2937:, it was estimated that only 5 per cent of Indian marriages cross caste boundaries. 16330: 16270: 16238: 15510: 15495: 15423: 15344: 15314: 15145: 14981: 14687: 14253: 14248: 14094: 13992: 13580: 13509: 13504: 13494: 13421: 13017: 12974: 12669: 12369: 11754: 11659: 11616: 11411: 11003: 10864: 10001: 9441:"How the VCK Emerged as More Than 'Just a Dalit Party' in the Tamil Nadu Elections" 8541: 8186:"Gandhi's Harijan Padyatra in Orissa in 1934: Claims over a Contested Social Space" 8122: 8013: 6144: 6136: 5581: 5513: 5285: 4477: 4437: 4279: 4106: 4090: 4078: 4074: 4006: 3671: 3636: 3613: 3448: 3354: 3150: 2768: 2734: 2591: 2576: 2504: 2425: 2395: 2210: 2046: 1746: 1304: 1299: 1137: 1027: 520: 516: 245: 225: 174: 111: 56: 13104: 8794: 8546: 8525: 8428: 8126: 7784: 5954: 5928: 5868:

Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: International Development Committee.

5230: 4347:

and Ravidasis and sometimes refuse to intermarry with them. They are divided into

2875:, which in much of India means collection & disposal of faeces from latrines. 213:. Some Hindu priests befriended untouchables and were demoted to low-caste ranks. 16405: 16262: 16206: 16149: 16129: 16009: 15996: 15974: 15970: 15800: 15795: 15750: 15691: 15525: 15433: 15329: 15278: 15138: 15123: 15103: 15068: 14781: 14692: 14627: 14427: 14377: 14158: 14017: 13322: 12997: 12987: 12598: 12484: 12339:

Dalit Visions: The Anti-caste Movement and the Construction of an Indian Identity

12294: 12150: 12129: 12108: 12087: 11980: 11415: 11201: 11174: 9399: 8732: 8635: 8600: 8567: 8490: 8455: 7936: 7702: 7530: 7354: 6708: 6589: 6531: 6457: 6202: 6123:"Changing Educational Inequalities in India in the Context of Affirmative Action" 5837:

Political Governance and Minority Rights: The South and South-East Asian Scenario

5539: 5466: 5214: 5104: 5015: 4981: 4893: 4209: 4205: 4118: 4094: 3675: 3659:

in reaching across castes has led to speculation about her as a potential future

3564: 3344: 2704: 2606: 2514: 2410: 2351: 2203: 2188: 2168: 2133: 1840: 1751: 1686: 1478: 1428: 1201: 1052: 588: 368: 286: 281: 218: 102:

meaning "broken/scattered") is a term first coined by the Indian social reformer

8110: 7228: 5812: 4967:"Dalit, n." OED Online. Oxford University Press, June 2016. Web. 23 August 2016. 4208:

literature, Dalit voices gained prominence through the activism of leaders like

4148:

further strengthened the Dalit movement in Maharashtra introducing the seminal "

3670:

was chief minister of Andhra Pradesh from 11 January 1960 to 12 March 1962, and

16595: 16296: 16286: 16247: 16031: 15982: 15965: 15956: 15952: 15904: 15881: 15857: 15824: 15819: 15717: 15520: 15478: 15448: 15438: 15356: 15349: 15334: 15324: 15160: 15096: 15038: 15033: 15018: 14801: 14796: 14791: 14677: 14612: 14136: 14109: 13962: 13674: 13524: 13456: 13408: 13345: 13264: 13193: 13056: 12767: 12654: 12633: 11399: 11253: 7577: 7510: 7326: 7205: 7104: 6938: 6787: 6676: 5782: 5517: 4703:"From Buddhist texts to East India Company to now, 'Dalit' has come a long way" 4516: 4499: 4472: 4457: 4417: 4412: 4375: 4313: 4230: 4213: 4149: 4126: 4102: 3882: 3745: 3704: 3695: 3683: 3655: 3587: 3406: 3335:

of Jodhpur came under the influence of Acharya Shri Tulsi and adopted Jainism.

3264: 3142: 3108: 3104: 2917: 2831:, 33.8 per cent of Scheduled Caste (SC) populations in rural India were living 2808: 2776: 2692: 2601: 2559: 2529: 2519: 2437: 2430: 2415: 2405: 2225: 2161: 2103: 2098: 2083: 1860: 1855: 1850: 1736: 1671: 1179: 1152: 997: 681: 551: 547: 536: 448: 408: 274: 253: 229: 202: 103: 9844:. LV, No3 (July September 1994). Indian Political Science Association: 307–20. 9719:

The Politics of India since Independence (The new Cambridge history of India.)

8767:

Jodhka, Surinder S (17 May 2002). "Caste and Untouchability in Rural Punjab".

6502:"Biggest caste survey: One in four Indians admit to practising untouchability" 4912: 3635:

In modern times several Bharatiya Janata Party leaders were Dalits, including

2799:

in Karnataka during the period 2012–14. A sample survey in 2014, conducted by

16589: 16418: 16391: 16307: 16302: 16233: 16144: 16041: 15916: 15911: 15807: 15790: 15785: 15755: 15733: 15670: 15665: 15532: 15155: 15091: 15076: 14938: 14903: 14883: 14754: 14697: 14632: 14039: 13942: 13317: 13277: 12850: 12752: 11911: 11628: 11620: 11582: 11497: 11466: 11423: 11123: 11089: 10876: 10678: 9371: 8201: 8134: 8085:"Not allowed to enter temple, dalit minister tells Himachal Pradesh assembly" 8062: 8025: 8017: 5895:

The Separatist Conflict in Sri Lanka: Terrorism, Ethnicity, Political Economy

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procession at a village in Tamil Nadu. In August 2015, it was claimed that a

2880: 2730: 2613: 2220: 2156: 2141: 1997: 1962: 1942: 1813: 1756: 1691: 1074: 977: 631: 623: 431: 398:, a Gujarati poet-saint of the Bhakti tradition, to refer to all devotees of 395: 10684:

The South Asian Religious Diaspora in Britain, Canada, and the United States

10465: 7547:"Dalit woman allegedly stripped in Madhya Pradesh, forced to consumed urine" 5982: 16576: 16518: 16493: 16312: 16291: 16243: 16227: 16174: 16079: 16056: 15899: 15843: 15762: 15366: 15253: 15081: 15048: 15028: 14958: 14948: 14928: 14908: 14544: 14442: 14437: 14168: 14143: 14007: 13947: 13912: 13882: 13183: 12762: 11816: 10759:"Multiculturalism: The Rise of Mixed-marriage Britain, Islam and Pluralism" 10408: 10379: 10122: 9806: 9768: 9737: 9688: 9667: 9629: 8829: 8753: 8655: 8620: 8510: 8475: 8001: 7572:"Families of 2 dalit grooms ostracized for riding horse as marriage ritual" 7444: 6222: 6158: 5913: 5855: 5663: 5630: 5595: 5490: 5451: 5163: 5128: 5090: 5031: 4954: 4871: 4835: 4592: 4584: 4387: 4352: 4329: 4238: 3798: 3741: 3597: 3568: 3560: 3453: 3391: 3057: 2951: 2897: 2896:

state, 49 per cent of Dalit children under five years were underweight and

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sanitation work. The most common Dalit caste performing sanitation work is

2447: 2326: 2146: 2113: 2093: 2017: 2007: 1987: 1967: 1595: 1493: 1488: 1211: 1186: 1042: 982: 947: 917: 654: 162: 11663: 11446: 7200:"Withdraw false cases, release arrested Dalits: Congress on police action" 6104: 5430:

Kings and untouchables : a study of the caste system in western India

4747:"Castes in a Global Perspective - Is Caste Only a Hindu Problem? (Part 6)" 3567:

associated with Ranvir Sena in Bihar Dalit massacres while governments of

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Caste in the United States. A Survey of Caste among South Asian Americans

10805:"European Roma descended from Indian 'untouchables', genetic study shows" 10578: 9247:

Scheduled Castes Converts and Social Disabilities: A survey of Tamil Nadu

9080:

Ethnographic Discourse of the Other: Conceptual and methodological issues

7291: 6237:"They're Hindu too but still feel at the bottom of India's social ladder" 5697: 5395: 5017:

Ethnographic Discourse of the Other: Conceptual and Methodological Issues

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for untouchables and outcasts, who represented the lowest stratum of the

11982:

Community and Worldview Among Paraiyars of South India: 'Lived' Religion

11781:"Dalits in Bollywood: A skewed equation nobody is willing to talk about" 11505: 11481: 11341: 9856: 9379: 8209: 8185: 5311: 2985:

Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989

16095: 15874: 15728: 15542: 15537: 15418: 15413: 15309: 15293: 15150: 15043: 15001: 14963: 14771: 14759: 14732: 14722: 14642: 14056: 14051: 14022: 13957: 13806: 12870: 12659: 12373: 12089:

Untouchable Citizens: Dalit Movements and Democratization in Tamil Nadu

10630:

UK: Government Decides Against Writing Caste into the Equality Act 2010

8780: 8345:"Dalits fume over fine on their women for entering temple in Karnataka" 7789: 6140: 5297: 4622: 4577: 4573: 4226: 4181: 4073:. It has formed an identity across various Indian languages, including 4041: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3963: 3927: 3778: 3644: 3590:, a Dalit politician, was a prominent member of the Hindutva movement. 3576: 3194: 3186: 3169: 3061: 3036: 2968: 2964: 2729:, 33 per cent of Other Backward Classes and 24 per cent of non-Brahmin 2683: 2623: 2618: 2499: 2494: 2390: 2366: 2215: 2108: 2066: 2022: 1830: 1818: 1791: 1781: 1701: 1091: 1086: 1057: 992: 833: 554:

made by the British Raj authorities, and the outcome of the Pact – the

543: 440: 315:

as a label to be "unconstitutional" because modern legislation prefers

15686: 10320: 10101:"Thinking about Democracy, Identity Politics and Development in India" 9563:"Nitish, Lalu and BJP in the dock again over Dalit massacres in Bihar" 8976:. Jaipur. Abha Sharma DH News Service. 1 February 2005. Archived from 7015:"Landlessness is higher among Dalits but more adivasis are 'deprived'" 5574:"Why the Hindu Caste System Presents a New Challenge for Human Rights" 5472:

The Untouchables: Subordination, Poverty and the State in Modern India

4987:

The Untouchables: Subordination, Poverty and the State in Modern India

3805:(EHRC), which focused on the proposed inclusion of a provision in the 3349:

Christian Dalits are found in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal.

16554: 16528: 16498: 16252: 16179: 16091: 16083: 16067: 16046: 15987: 15780: 15443: 15391: 15108: 14707: 13832: 12233: 12012: 11844: 11231: 10972: 10790:

that time been associated with the Dalit caste, i.e. "untouchables").

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caste; there are also two Dalit Sikh castes in the state, called the

3181: 2960: 2840: 2804: 2761: 2757: 2738: 2700: 2524: 2472: 2173: 1766: 867: 524: 462:, according to historian and women's studies academic Shailaja Paik, 452: 444: 143: 130: 124: 12357: 8158:"Denied in life, India's lower-caste Dalits fight for land in death" 7959:"Fighting caste discrimination is about changing attitude, than law" 7840:"The Indian Dalit man killed for eating in front of upper-caste men" 5289: 4016: 3551:

Anti-Dalit prejudices exist in groups such as the extremist militia

2748:

Examples of segregation have included the Madhya Pradesh village of

264:

was in use as a translation for the Indian census classification of

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Haqqi, Anwarul Haque, Indian Political Science Association (1986).

9264: 7844: 7735: 7642:"Temple procession row: TN police nab 75 for torching Dalit houses" 6485: 6241: 5959: 5702: 4821: 4601: 4560: 4185: 3890: 3810: 3774:

found insufficient evidence to justify specific legislation, while

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diaspora, Dalits immigrated and established their own communities.

3700: 3651: 3583: 3311: 3294:

Jain called Muni Sameer Muni came into contact with members of the

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A Dalit was killed in 2019 for eating in front of upper-caste men.

2489: 2311: 2230: 1875: 1801: 1706: 1666: 1022: 1017: 1012: 937: 932: 877: 528: 404: 237: 206: 154: 150: 12272:

Debrahmanising History: Dominance and Resistance in Indian Society

10648:"Campaigners urge government to tackle caste discrimination in UK" 9016: 4339:

Many converted Dalit Sikhs claim a superior status over the Hindu

4216:, addressing issues of caste discrimination and social injustice. 4204:

have made significant contributions to Tamil Dalit literature. In

273:. In the 1970s its use was invigorated when it was adopted by the 16488: 16478: 16456: 16435: 16395: 16371: 16134: 16124: 16119: 16036: 15660: 13907: 13811: 13791: 13764: 13739: 13643: 12730: 12638: 12523: 11927:

Dalits and Human Rights: Dalits: security and rights implications

11872: 9157:. South Indian Missionary Congress. Madras, Tamil Nadu, IN. 1908. 8162: 4660: 4652: 4614: 4363: 4122: 4114: 4086: 3909: 3885:

are caste-based and one can indirectly inquire about a person's

3710: 3206: 2893: 2864: 2784: 2753: 2726: 942: 838: 818: 791: 766: 689: 643: 455:, respectively, as a generic term for anyone from a Dalit caste. 399: 158: 139: 12772: 12429:

Writing Caste Writing Gender:Narrating Dalit Women's Testimonios

10681:; Hinnells, John R.; Williams, Raymond Brady (1 February 2012). 9415:"Madras HC orders ECI to consider VCK's request for star symbol" 7731:"9 Things You Need To Know About The Khap 'Rape Order' in India" 3425: 3027:

based on a "composite culture" made all people equal citizens.

383:"Harijan" redirects here. For the weekly founded by Gandhi, see 39: 16513: 16382: 16024: 15921: 15886: 15869: 15864: 15827: 15712: 14868: 13892: 13796: 13774: 13769: 13719: 12110:

Decentralisation and Local Governance: Essays for George Mathew

8457:

Religious Conversion in India: Modes, Motivations, and Meanings

8225:"In Kerala, Dalit students facing difficulties to get educated" 7698:"Jat leaders in UP village deny ordering rape of Dalit sisters" 6933:"93% dalit families still live below poverty line, says survey" 6811:"dalit-headmistress-accuses-upper-caste-teachers-of-harassment" 4356: 4348: 4344: 4333: 4325: 4234: 4173: 3913: 3332: 3324: 3295: 3244: 3232: 3198: 3115: 3089: 3081: 3069: 2901: 2780: 1927: 927: 823: 801: 796: 746: 214: 122:. Several scholars have drawn parallels between Dalits and the 115: 12182:

Franco, Fernando; Macwan, Jyotsna; Ramanathan, Suguna (2004).

11340:

Buck, David C.; M, Kannan (9 October 2020), Kannan, M. (ed.),

10673: 10671: 10669: 10321:"The 'Dalit Muslims' and the All-India Backward Muslim Morcha" 9078:

Mohanty, Panchanan; Malik, Ramesh C.; Kasi, Eswarappa (2009).

7932:"States lag in setting up courts to address SC, ST grievances" 5077:

Resistance in Everyday Life: Constructing Cultural Experiences

3225:(SGPC), 20 of the 140 seats are reserved for low-caste Sikhs. 280:

Socio-legal scholar Oliver Mendelsohn and political economist

16523: 16503: 16483: 16412: 16401: 16154: 16087: 16071: 16014: 15851: 15675: 15623: 14878: 13724: 12568: 11812:"How Bollywood is starting to deal with India's caste system" 10942:"California sues Cisco for bias based on Indian caste system" 10495:"Caste discrimination – U.K. Dalits win the argument, nearly" 10264:"Central legislation of SC/ST sub-plan may be a reality soon" 9538:"Cobrapost film on Bihar Dalit massacres 'exposes' BJP links" 9093: 9091: 9089: 8000:

Kesalu, Satri Veera; Srinivasulu, Vukkala (1 November 2019).

7487:"Upper caste youths force Dalit to eat excreta in Tamil Nadu" 6915:"Who among India's young are likely to become modern slaves?" 6012:"Retention and Transculturation of Hinduism in the Caribbean" 4532: 4502: 4340: 4082: 3908:

A Valmiki Temple in the UK. Caste segregation has meant that

3886: 3748:

was largely driven by labour shortages. Like the rest of the

3601: 3517: 3496: 3430: 3320: 3315: 3248: 3123: 3122:

was denied entry to a Hindu temple; he went on to convert to

2955: 2900:

while 80 per cent of those in the 6–59 months age group were

1937: 751: 639: 467: 351:

encompasses a broader range of communities than the official

257: 166: 135: 10741: 10521: 10075:"KR Narayanan to RN Kovind — A tale of two Dalit Presidents" 6990:"In an Indian Village, Signs of the Loosening Grip of Caste" 6896:"Dalits in India are poorer than Muslims: Government report" 6173:"India: "Hidden Apartheid" of Discrimination Against Dalits" 3674:

was chief minister of Bihar for just under a year. In 1997,

3374:

in Andhra Pradesh, by members of all religious backgrounds.

2767:

In 1855, Mutka Salve, a 14-year-old student of Dalit leader

411:

was outlawed after Indian independence, the use of the word

27:

Marginalized castes in India and other South Asian countries

16159: 15490: 15319: 12489:

From Untouchable to Dalit – Essays on the Ambedkar Movement

10666: 9882:

Stancati, Margherita; Agarwal, Vibhuti (16 February 2012).

9202:"Indian Dalits find no refuge from caste in Christianity". 8862: 6850:"Dalit professor alleges harassment by colleague, students" 6640:"Compliance or Defiance? The Case of Dalits and Mahadalits" 5650:

Social Exclusion: Essays in Honour of Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak

4351:

that regulate their marriage alliances. In Andhra Pradesh,

4105:, and others. The earliest identifiably Dalit writers were 3881:

A Sikh gurdwara in Smethwick. The majority of gurdwaras in

3459: 3193:

calls for everyone to treat each other equally. Subsequent

3157:, and according to the 2011 census, there were 6.5 million 2971: 2571: 2400: 325:

has encompassed more communities than the official term of

249: 11938: 11936: 11520:"Dalit Theatre in Gujarati: Trends, Patterns, Differences" 10717: 10433:"India clashes with Britain over Equality Bill racism law" 10103:. In Brar, Bhupinder; Kumar, Ashutosh; Ram, Ronki (eds.). 9687:. New Delhi: Mittal Publications. p. 122 – via 9086: 8907:

Nathuram Chandalia, Mewad men Veerwal Pravriti, pp. 220–21

7990:. MJP Publisher; 11 June 2019. GGKEY:SW8XELLJGLC. p. 104–. 7593:"Dalit groom beaten up in M.P. village for riding a horse" 6585:"In 5 star Bengaluru hotel, Dalits show they have arrived" 5955:"Outlaw caste discrimination in UK, peers tell government" 5718:"Meira Kumar, a Dalit leader is the new Lok Sabha Speaker" 4913:"Eknath | Marathi Poet, Bhakti Movement & Maharashtra" 4722:

Working Skin: Making Leather, Making a Multicultural Japan

4109:, an 11th-century cobbler-saint who lived in the reign of 3904: 3523: 2741:

and Bihar (47 per cent), Uttar Pradesh (43 per cent), and

664: 10996:"Meena Kandasamy: Brief Introduction to Dalit Literature" 7526:"Dalit youth assaulted, forced to eat human faeces in UP" 6560:"Study shows NCR homeowners turn away Dalits and Muslims" 6527:"Dalits in MP village not allowed to use public borewell" 6343:"Untouchability still prevalent in rural Gujarat: survey" 6322: 5732:"Stop using the term Dalit: I&B Ministry tells media" 4192:

report and Ambedkar centenary celebrations. Writers like

3797:

From September 2013 to February 2014, Indian philosopher

3678:, who was a Dalit, was elected as President of India. In 3353:

of Kerala. The first people converted to Christianity by

3202: 71: 65: 12203:"Positive Discrimination in India: A Political Analysis" 9477: 9170:

Homo Hierarchicus: The caste system and its implications

6729:"Dalit professor 'harassed' for SC quota reforms thesis" 6704:"Children bear the brunt of caste abuses in rural areas" 5750:"SCs, STs form 25% of population, says Census 2011 data" 5276:(March 1976). "Kerala Christians and the Caste System". 3901:

system and caste identity is entrenched and reinforced.

566:, and also reserved seats for them in the legislatures. 11933: 10783:

Davies, William D.; Dubinsky, Stanley (9 August 2018).

10705: 9916:"UP's Dalits Remind Mayawati: Democracy is a Beautiful" 4282:) launched his career in Bollywood with his debut film 4113:

and who is regarded by some scholars as the "father of

653:

India is home to over 200 million Dalits. According to

371:

and Muslims, and the tribal communities often practise

12358:"The rise of new Dalit women in Indian historiography" 12181: 11105:"Dalit Literature and Culture in Marginalized Society" 10778: 10776: 10729: 10677: 10524:"Caste Discrimination and Harassment in Great Britain" 9875: 9511:"Ranvir Sena banned and declared as a Terrorist Group" 8708:"Akali Dal demands inclusion of Jat Sikhs in OBC list" 7408:"India's "Untouchables" Face Violence, Discrimination" 7099:"49% of Haryana's dalit kids are malnourished: Report" 6754:"VHP, Bajrang Dal activists beat up a Dalit professor" 6453:"Casteism exists in India, let's not remain in denial" 6427:"Between the bathroom and the kitchen, there is caste" 6373:. Indianchristians.in. 15 October 2006. Archived from 5646:"Positive Discrimination in the Constitution of India" 5073:"Dalit Women in India: Crafting Narratives of Success" 3164:

Another Dalit Buddhist leader and reformer was Pandit

97: 12230:

Untouchable!: Voices of the Dalit Liberation Movement

8574: 6697: 6695: 6088:"Development of Scheduled Castes in India – A Review" 4975: 4973: 4889:"Top RSS leader misquotes Ambedkar on untouchability" 11960: 11948: 11713:"Lesson – 4 : P10144 – The Novels of K. Daniel" 11137:

Issues of Language and Representation:Babu Rao Bagul

10375:"Asian caste discrimination rife in UK, says report" 9974:"Brahmin Vote Helps Party of Low Caste Win in India" 9941:"Mayawati bets on Brahmin-Dalit card for U.P. polls" 8489:

Christopher Queen (2015). Steven M. Emmanuel (ed.).

5777:"Half of India's dalit population lives in 4 states" 4817:

India Today: An Encyclopedia of Life in the Republic

3991:

California Department of Fair Employment and Housing

3103:

passed Brahminhood onto a Dalit, while in Shivaji's

74: 68: 62: 12152:

Sikh Identity: An Exploration of Groups Among Sikhs

11728:"Dalits strive to make it in Hindi, Bhojpuri films" 10773: 10105:

Globalization and the Politics of Identity in India

8884:

Jainism and Ecology: Nonviolence in the Web of Life

8564:

Buddhism in India: Challenging Brahmanism and Caste

7622:"Dalit wedding fetes face feudal rage in Rajasthan" 6363: 6037:"India top court recalls controversial caste order" 2787:are considered the lowest within the Dalit groups. 59: 12513: 11140:Handbook of twentieth-century literatures of India 10803: 10515: 10431: 9260:"Why are many Indian Muslims seen as untouchable?" 9216: 9137:The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 7087:. Participatory Research in Asia, New Delhi, India 7043: 6692: 5797: 5464: 4979: 4970: 4777: 4557:, ethnic discrimination in the Spanish Old Regime. 4332:in the 1990s boycotted the BSP, claiming it was a 4270:Until the 1980s, Dalits had little involvement in 3813:to identify tests for caste-based discrimination. 114:of the caste hierarchy and were seen as forming a 15454:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 12068:Desh Pardesh: The South Asian Presence in Britain 11894:Rai, Swapnil; Straubhaar, Joseph (28 June 2016). 10891:"The US isn't safe from the trauma of caste bias" 10835: 10833: 10368: 10366: 9821:"Niece vs aunt in battle for Jagjivan Ram legacy" 8957:"dharm ke naam par desh tak bant gae: pahaadiya" 8592: 8488: 8447: 7999: 7869: 7867: 7865: 7863: 4943:. New Delhi: Sage Publications. pp. 193–96. 4484: 3730: 2535:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 423:In Southern India, Dalits are sometimes known as 16587: 11868:"India is cool in Brazil thanks to hot 'novela'" 10750: 10545: 10543: 10541: 10522:Government Equalities Office (1 December 2010). 10423: 9754:Indian prime ministership: a comprehensive study 9646:Indian prime ministership: a comprehensive study 9077: 8566:(3rd ed.). London/New Delhi/Thousand Oaks: 7671:"70 held for burning Dalit houses in Villupuram" 7378:"5% of Indian marriages are inter-caste: survey" 7287:"A Portrait of the Indian as a Young Dalit Girl" 5652:. Vol. 1. Concept Publishing. p. 181. 5343: 5219:"India's Dalits: Racism and Contemporary Change" 4508: 3434:Dalit leaders at Bahujan Samaj Party head office 290:they perceive to be the demeaning Dalit masses. 15114:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 11398:Geetha, Krishnamurthy Alamelu (1 August 2011). 11346:Tamil dalit literature : My own experience 11269:"A Critical study of Dalit Literature in India" 10600:"Dr Meena Dhanda – University of Wolverhampton" 10466:"Does the caste system still linger in the UK?" 9881: 9857:"Can Maya recreate another 'rainbow' in Delhi?" 8841: 8839: 8317:"Denied temple access, Dalit converts to Islam" 7250: 6371:"Hindus Support Dalit Candidates in Tamil Nadu" 4724:. University of California Press. p. 113. 3922:and Mazhabi Sikhs and Valmikis prayer together. 3801:led a project on 'Caste in Britain' for the UK 2978: 2179:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 603:, also called the SC/ST Act, on 31 March 1995. 542:The present system has its origins in the 1932 189:in India), and official development resources. 14596:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 11773: 11571:"Tale of Dalit Sahitya in Gujarati literature" 11049: 10830: 10782: 10404:"The secret scandal of Britain's caste system" 10395: 10363: 9451: 9407: 8454:Gary Tartakov (2003). Robinson, Rowena (ed.). 7860: 7776: 7750: 6671:"Half of school dropouts in K'taka are dalits" 5020:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 114. 4522: 4233:have furthered the Dalit literary movement in 3711:Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Sub-Plan 1655:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 248:". It was perhaps first used in this sense by 15609: 13659: 12951: 12539: 12446:Samaddara, Ranabira; Shah, Ghanshyam (2001). 12445: 12027: 11893: 11250:Dalit literature is not down and out any more 10538: 10312: 10047:"Mayawati Plans to Seek India's Premier Post" 9257: 9219:Rural Christian Community in North West India 9185: 9183: 9167: 9097: 9034: 8453: 8429:"Nepal: Dalits beaten up for entering temple" 7978: 7903:"Centre notifies rules for amended SC/ST Act" 7468:"Dalit tortured, forced to eat human excreta" 7350:"They were rivals, but with the same mission" 7237:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 7046:The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N-Z 6963:"Crusader Sees Wealth as Cure for Caste Bias" 6832:"Headmaster booked for abusing dalit teacher" 6398:"Crusader Sees Wealth as Cute for Caste Bias" 6120: 5926: 5862: 5344:Ramabadran, Sudharshan; Paswan, Guru (2021). 5251:Census of India 2011, Primary Census Abstract 5246: 5244: 5242: 5240: 5145:The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A-M 5070: 4676: 3851:to certain ideas, incidents, or controversies 3816:Supporters of anti-caste legislation include 3426:National Dalit-led political parties in India 2931:National Council of Applied Economic Research 2660: 12388: 12008:"The rising rage against in-campus policing" 9909: 9907: 9701:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 9529: 9161: 9134: 9029:'दाता' के दातार बन गए तारणहार, नवभारत टाइम्स 8959:धर्म के नाम पर देश तक बंट गए : पहाड़िया 8874: 8836: 7929: 7149:Arunachalam, Pon Vasanth (3 November 2014). 7126:Arunachalam, Pon Vasanth (3 November 2014). 6290:"South Asia State of Minorities Report 2019" 6197: 6121:Desai, Sonalde; Kulkarni, Veena (May 2008). 5170: 4813: 4544: 4491: 14812:List of people killed for being transgender 11999: 11918: 11840:"Caste references polarise Tamil film fans" 11479: 10795: 10787:. Cambridge University Press. p. 257. 10639: 9781: 7785:"Backward Muslims protest denial of burial" 7505:"Man tortured, made to drink urine by cops" 7148: 7125: 6954: 5927:Soundararajan, Thenmozhi (20 August 2012). 4930: 4646: 3827: 3502: 3168:, founder of the Sakya Buddhist Society of 2886: 2737:(50 per cent), Chhattisgarh (48 per cent), 1871:List of people killed for being transgender 344:in documentation and asked them to desist. 15616: 15602: 13666: 13652: 12965: 12958: 12944: 12546: 12532: 12407: 12291:Dalits in Modern India – Vision and Values 11831: 9750: 9395:"How Muhammad Ali inspired India's Dalits" 9231:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 9180: 9172:(Complete Revised ed.). Chicago, IL: 8526:"Ambedkar, Marx and the Buddhist Question" 8517: 8190:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress 8108: 7930:Ramachandran, Smriti Kak (16 April 2017). 7722: 7538: 7041: 5643: 5612:Religion and Conflict in Modern South Asia 5433:. New Delhi: Chronicle Books. p. 15. 5348:. Penguin Random House India. p. xv. 5237: 5209: 5207: 5205: 5141: 5009: 5007: 4809: 4807: 4805: 4631:, "idle/lazy/fallen/indolent people") in, 3861:this issue before removing this message. 2752:, where the Scheduled Tribe population of 2667: 2653: 12389:Prasad, Amar Nath; Gaijan, M. B. (2007). 11865: 11543: 11198:Encyclopaedia of Indian literature vol. 2 10552:"Caste Discrimination Reforms in Britain" 9904: 9485:"10 parties register amendment proposals" 9251: 8815:Sikhism - An Introduction: Teach Yourself 8598: 8545: 8435:. Press Trust of India. 18 September 2006 8049:"Dalit women not allowed to enter temple" 7668: 7402: 7400: 6148: 5891: 5827: 5774: 5576:. In Rehman, Javid; Breau, Susan (eds.). 5538: 5103: 4990:. Cambridge University Press. p. 4. 4849: 4847: 4845: 4515:, outcast community of Vietnam after the 4398:Caste discrimination in the United States 4057:Learn how and when to remove this message 3624:. His last position in government was as 3161:(mainly Dalit Buddhists) in Maharashtra. 110:. Dalits were excluded from the fourfold 13923:Social determinants of health in poverty 13555:Social impact of Indian television drama 12814:National Commission for Scheduled Tribes 12809:National Commission for Scheduled Castes 12804:National Commission for Backward Classes 12391:Dalit Literature: A Critical Exploration 12253:Towards an Aesthetic of Dalit Literature 12085: 12033: 11979:Jeremiah, Anderson H. M. (14 May 2013). 11978: 11942: 11809: 11546:"Gujarati Dalit Literature: An Overview" 11444: 11374: 11071:"Emergence of Dalit Literature in India" 11068: 9971: 9788:. Abhinav Publications. pp. 95–96. 9457: 9392: 9279: 9057: 9047:. Rawat Publications. pp. 129, 135. 9040: 8555: 8336: 8155: 7756: 7229:"India: Dalit rights activists detained" 6960: 6925: 6782:"Professor attempts suicide near Rajkot" 6450: 6395: 6340: 6334: 6005: 6003: 5681:"Status of caste system in modern India" 5567: 5565: 4936: 4744: 4651:'"nine name fishermen"') in the 4453:Health care access among Dalits in India 3953: 3903: 3876: 3460:Other recognized state political parties 3429: 3410: 3400: 3041: 958:Social determinants of health in poverty 617: 505:For broader coverage of this topic, see 466:is a term mostly used by members of the 309:National Commission for Scheduled Castes 38: 12483: 12410:Dalit – The Black Untouchables of India 12288: 12274:. Manohar Publishers and Distributors. 12250: 12127: 12064: 10723: 10711: 10044: 9155:The Report of Conference Held at Madras 8880: 8868: 8244: 7873: 7151:"Skew in Dalit Jail Inmate Ratio: NCRB" 7079: 7077: 7075: 6912: 6637: 6617:"Contesting Power, Contesting Memories" 6557: 6499: 6478: 6067: 5874:. The Stationery Office; 4 March 2010. 5675: 5673: 5213: 5202: 5013: 5004: 4853: 4802: 4780:The Foundations of Western Civilization 4719: 4255: 3980:1965 Immigration and Naturalization Act 3969: 3579:did nothing to get justice for Dalits. 3524:Dalit-led political parties in Pakistan 3223:Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee 3047:A school of untouchables near Bangalore 665:Socioeconomic status and discrimination 659:National Campaign on Dalit Human Rights 153:with significant populations following 14: 16588: 16408:, Tharu, Danuwar and Dhimal) (Lowland) 12519:Is there ‘Dalit’ literature in Bangla? 12514:International Dalit Solidarity Network 12464: 12333: 12311: 12148: 11900:International Journal of Communication 11482:"Evolution of Telugu Dalit Literature" 11397: 11291: 10854: 10801: 10735: 10549: 10492: 10429: 10135: 10098: 10072: 9949:. India. 14 March 2007. Archived from 9757:. New Delhi: Concept. pp. 39–40. 9642: 9535: 9082:. Cambridge Scholars. pp. 39–116. 8846:Singh, Vikram Jit (18 February 2006). 8766: 8724: 8668: 8561: 8523: 8403:"Dalits 'barred' from entering temple" 7397: 7321:"Dalits from Bhagana convert to Islam" 7128:"Prejudice Blamed For Dalit Prisoners" 6913:Mukunth, Vasudevan (2 December 2014). 6838:. Press Trust of India. 28 March 2015. 6701: 6481:"Why Caste Won't Disappear From India" 5805:"Scheduled Caste Population in Punjab" 5400:Ambedkar: towards an enlightened India 5394: 5272: 5178:"Dalit word un-constitutional says SC" 4842: 4668: 4626: 4600: 3666:Aside from Mayawati in Uttar Pradesh, 3489:is the major Dalit party in Tamil Nadu 646:had the lowest at approximately zero. 394:, or 'children of God', was coined by 16066:Over 25 distinct castes, major being 15597: 13647: 12939: 12741:Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes 12527: 12227: 12200: 12184:Journeys to Freedom: Dalit Narratives 12005: 11810:Dhaliwal, Nirpal (16 December 2010). 11725: 11649: 11602: 11377:"Tamil Dalit literature: an overview" 11339: 11317: 11050:Satchidanandan, K (25 January 2013). 10756: 10645: 10401: 10372: 10236:"CPI(M) accused of sidelining Dalits" 10187: 10024:"Why Mayawati is wooing the Brahmins" 9854: 9715: 9680: 9600: 9189: 8845: 8633: 8263: 8046: 7484: 7348:Guha, Ramachandra (26 October 2014). 7318: 7285:Dubey, Priyanka (10 September 2014). 7284: 7096: 6085: 6000: 5833: 5710: 5686:. Ambedkar.org. 2004. pp. 34–35. 5608: 5571: 5562: 5426: 4775: 4307: 3559:exposed many leaders especially like 3536: 3422:Dalit-led political parties include: 2942:India's National Crime Records Bureau 2783:are considered the highest while the 32:Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes 15578: 14618:Capital punishment for homosexuality 13928:Social determinants of mental health 12920:2011 Socio Economic and Caste Census 12426: 12355: 12269: 12106: 11966: 11954: 11866:Grudgings, Stuart (18 August 2009). 11837: 11448:A history of Telugu Dalit literature 11130: 11102: 10818:from the original on 11 January 2022 10446:from the original on 11 January 2022 9684:Indian Democracy at the Crossroads I 9458:Varghese, Anil (17 September 2015). 9000:"Dalit Engineer Becomes a Jain Monk" 8811: 8183: 8082: 7728: 7619: 7544: 7347: 7259:"A 'Broken People' in Booming India" 7072: 6868: 6726: 6451:Bhandare, Namita (6 December 2014). 5952: 5690: 5670: 5503: 4883: 4881: 4860:. Mittal Publications. p. 198. 4673:, the social class who entertains ") 4039:adding citations to reliable sources 4010: 3831: 3803:Equality and Human Rights Commission 3442:, a national political party as per 3275:) in retaliation to the Jat slogan, 2852:Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011 2807:, found that among state schools in 1677:Capital punishment for homosexuality 963:Social determinants of mental health 606:In accordance with the order of the 507:Caste system in India § History 14738:Genital modification and mutilation 12006:Henry, Nikhila (6 September 2015). 11787:. 21 September 2011. Archived from 11755:"Dalit Representation in Bollywood" 11157: 10757:Singh, Ramindar (10 January 2012). 10138:"Deciphering the 'Dalit vote bank'" 9913: 9863:. World Institute For Asian Studies 9842:Indian Journal of Political Science 9839: 9393:Madhavan, Narayanan (5 June 2016). 9135:Mosse, David (September 1996). "". 8887:. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 79. 8370: 8343:T., Sathish G. (7 September 2015). 8314: 7757:Bahuguna, Ankush (28 August 2015). 7601:. Press Trust of India. 9 June 2014 7256: 7179: 6987: 6961:Sengupta, Somini (29 August 2008). 6702:Sarkar, Sravani (5 December 2014). 6500:Chishti, Seema (29 November 2014). 6479:Tharoor, Shashi (8 December 2014). 6424: 6396:Sengupta, Somini (29 August 2008). 6341:Dasgupta, Manas (28 January 2010). 6204:A Survey of Hinduism: Third Edition 3944: 3855:create a more balanced presentation 1797:Genital modification and mutilation 24: 13673: 12685:2006 Dalit protests in Maharashtra 12665:Mandal Commission protests of 1990 12609:Court Cases related to Reservation 12553: 12174: 11924: 11266: 11026:"Dohaara Kakkayya (ಡೋಹಾರ ಕಕ್ಕಯ್ಯ)" 10689:State University of New York Press 10493:Suroor, Hasan (4 September 2010). 10318: 9649:. New Delhi: Concept. p. 19. 8492:A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy 8342: 8245:Pansare, Govind (28 August 2015). 8222: 7729:Basu, Indrani (8 September 2015). 7706:. 1 September 2015. Archived from 7375: 6593:. 1 September 2015. Archived from 6209:State University of New York Press 6165: 5980: 5038: 4854:Kanmony, Jebagnanam Cyril (2010). 4403:2006 Dalit protests in Maharashtra 4229:. Writers like Basudeb Sunani and 2827:According to a 2014 report to the 25: 16652: 12507: 12040:. Popular Prakashan. p. 25. 11292:Taneja, Nidhima (30 April 2022). 11235:. 23 January 2003. Archived from 10577: 10550:Datani, Pratik (13 August 2013). 10163:"All players eye Dalit vote bank" 10073:Gilani, Iftikhar (20 June 2017). 10002:"The victory of caste arithmetic" 8881:Chapple, Christopher Key (2006). 8818:. John Murray Press. p. 51. 8637:The Oxford Handbook of Secularism 8264:Chari, Mridula (3 January 2016). 7782: 7545:Nair, Nithya (2 September 2015). 7440:"Sex hell of Dalit women exposed" 6727:Lama, Prawesh (7 December 2011). 6009: 5983:"GPO for the Library of Congress" 5506:Contributions to Indian Sociology 5186:. 18 January 2008. Archived from 4878: 4814:Kaminsky; Long, Roger D. (2011). 4745:Sudrania, OP (9 September 2012). 4738: 4369: 4164:, worked in the 1960s. Later the 3735: 3306:in 1966. Sameer Muni termed them 3239:endured a bitter dispute between 3129:There have been allegations that 418: 336:that some state governments used 321:; however, some sources say that 108:castes in the Indian subcontinent 16570: 15577: 15568: 15567: 15217:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 15054:Law for Protection of the Nation 14954:White genocide conspiracy theory 12619:Reservation policy in Tamil Nadu 12149:Takhar, Opinderjit Kaur (2005). 12131:Jaina Community: A Social Survey 11972: 11887: 11859: 11803: 11747: 11719: 11705: 11687: 11650:KUMAR, RAJ (21 September 2023). 11643: 11596: 11563: 11537: 11512: 11473: 11438: 11391: 11368: 11333: 11311: 11285: 11260: 11243: 11227:"Of art, identity, and politics" 11219: 11195:Jevha Mi Jat Chorali Hoti (1963) 11188: 11096: 11062: 11043: 11018: 10988: 10960: 10934: 10909: 10883: 10869:10.1111/j.1467-7660.2007.00478.x 10848: 10802:Nelson, Dean (3 December 2012). 10622: 10592: 10571: 10486: 10458: 10343:"A Short history of immigration" 10335: 10286: 10270:. 29 August 2013. Archived from 10256: 10228: 10200: 10181: 10155: 10136:Mishra, Mayank (23 April 2014). 10129: 10092: 10066: 10045:Beckett, Paul (11 August 2008). 10038: 10016: 9994: 9972:Sengupta, Somini (12 May 2007). 9965: 9933: 9848: 9833: 9813: 9775: 9751:Sharma, Jagdish Chandra (2002). 9744: 9709: 9674: 9643:Sharma, Jagdish Chandra (2002). 9636: 9604:The success of India's democracy 9594: 9585: 9569:. 27 August 2015. Archived from 9555: 9536:Venkat, Vidya (18 August 2015). 9503: 9433: 9386: 9358:"Dalit Panthers: Another View". 9351: 9333: 9307: 9239: 9210: 9195: 9147: 9128: 9071: 9051: 9022: 9017:'दिव्य महापुरुष थे आचार्य नानेश' 9010: 8992: 8966: 8949: 8919: 8910: 8901: 8848:"Talhan scores for Dalit rights" 8805: 8787: 8760: 8718: 8700: 8662: 8627: 8602:Dalits: Past, Present and Future 8482: 8421: 8395: 8371:Jha, Hari Bansh (October 2005). 8364: 8308: 8276: 8257: 8238: 8216: 8177: 8149: 8102: 8076: 8040: 7993: 7951: 7923: 7895: 7832: 7804: 7690: 7669:Sivaraman, R. (17 August 2015). 7662: 7634: 7613: 7585: 7564: 7518: 7497: 7485:Rajan, M. C. (14 January 2010). 7478: 7376:S., Rukmini (13 November 2014). 5834:Ghosh, Lipi (29 November 2020). 5545:Dalits: Past, present and future 5253: 5110:Dalits: Past, present and future 5071:Sagar, S.; Bhargava, V. (2017). 4266:Dalit Film and Cultural Festival 4248:, writers such as K. Daniel and 4015: 3836: 3251:Indian Rupees, and the Jat Sikh 3072:in 1928. It was followed by the 2771:, wrote that during the rule of 2290:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 2119:Law for Protection of the Nation 2013:White genocide conspiracy theory 688: 562:, as a replacement for the term 302: 55: 16611:Caste-related violence in India 15059:MSM blood donation restrictions 14807:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 13379:Proposed states and territories 12584:Caste-related violence in India 12412:(2nd ed.). Clarity Press. 12128:Sangave, Vilas Adinath (1980). 11375:Mangalam, B. (1 January 2007). 11167:Indian short stories, 1900–2000 10646:Jones, Sam (30 November 2012). 10373:Jones, Sam (11 November 2009). 10188:Kumar, Sanjay (20 March 2014). 9019:Vinay N. Joshi on 14 June 2010, 8315:Ali, Mohammad (14 March 2015). 8156:Chandran, Rina (6 March 2020). 8109:Arulselvan, S. (2 April 2016). 8047:Kumar, Anuj (1 November 2019). 7460: 7432: 7369: 7341: 7319:Saini, Manvir (9 August 2015). 7312: 7278: 7221: 7192: 7173: 7142: 7119: 7090: 7035: 7007: 6981: 6906: 6888: 6862: 6842: 6824: 6803: 6774: 6746: 6720: 6663: 6631: 6609: 6577: 6558:Chishti, Seema (16 June 2015). 6551: 6519: 6493: 6472: 6444: 6425:Vij, Shivam (1 December 2014). 6418: 6389: 6310: 6282: 6256: 6229: 6191: 6114: 6079: 6061: 6047: 6029: 5974: 5946: 5920: 5885: 5768: 5742: 5724: 5637: 5602: 5532: 5497: 5458: 5420: 5388: 5362: 5337: 5304: 5266: 5135: 5097: 5064: 4961: 4026:needs additional citations for 3787:Oxford Centre for Hindu Studies 3483:factions, active in Maharashtra 3418:(BSP) is an Indian Dalit party. 3338: 3151:social and political engagement 2991:Caste-related violence in India 2940:The latest data available from 2124:MSM blood donation restrictions 1866:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 613: 523:organisation that involved the 142:class of the medieval European 15072:(as religious or racial quota) 12675:2006 anti-reservation protests 12201:Ghosh, Partha S. (July 1997). 11726:Ghosh, Avijit (6 April 2008). 11451:. Delhi: Kalpaz Publications. 10430:Nelson, Dean (31 March 2010). 10402:Cohen, Nick (24 August 2009). 10208:"KCR has betrayed Dalits: TDP" 8530:Journal of South Asian Studies 7874:Sampath, G. (23 August 2015). 7097:Saini, Manvir (29 July 2015). 6869:Rana, Niyati (25 April 2015). 5346:Makers of Modern Dalit History 4905: 4769: 4713: 4695: 4642: 4485:Similarly discriminated groups 4252:gained mainstream popularity. 3744:, immigration from the former 3731:Beyond the Indian subcontinent 3626:Deputy Prime Minister of India 3487:Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi 2857: 2137:(as religious or racial quota) 297: 192: 173:includes Dalits as one of the 43:A group of Dalit women in 2021 13: 1: 15486:Second-generation gender bias 15202:Constitutional colorblindness 13918:Social determinants of health 12925:2022 Bihar caste-based survey 12594:Vandalism of Ambedkar statues 12467:Dalit Politics and Literature 12251:Limbale, Sharankumar (2004). 11603:Malik, Suratha Kumar (2021). 11544:rti_admin (31 January 2012). 11486:Economic and Political Weekly 11445:Bharathi, Thummapudi (2008). 11052:"Mainstreaming the subaltern" 10844:(Report). Equality Labs, USA. 10583:Briefing on Caste Legislation 9360:Economic and Political Weekly 9315:"Recognized National Parties" 9258:Soutik Biswas (10 May 2016). 9060:Indian Journal of Social Work 8974:"Dalit youth turns Jain monk" 8769:Economic and Political Weekly 8547:10.1080/00856401.2015.1049726 8292:. 4 June 2007. Archived from 8127:10.1080/01296612.2016.1237459 8083:Sura, Ajay (8 January 2020). 7876:"Children of a different law" 7416:. 2 June 2003. Archived from 7042:Lochtefeld, James G. (2002). 6988:Wax, Emily (31 August 2008). 6621:Economic and Political Weekly 6535:. 23 May 2015. Archived from 5548:. Routledge. pp. 52–54. 5142:Lochtefeld, James G. (2002). 4688: 4000: 3976:Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 2867:, disposing of dead animals, 2699:, saw a parallel between the 2680:Discrimination against Dalits 2567:Second-generation gender bias 2275:Constitutional colorblindness 953:Social determinants of health 558:– introduced the new term of 16621:Discrimination in Bangladesh 11838:Naig, Udhav (27 July 2015). 11416:10.1080/01440357.2011.632220 10636:, accessed 29 September 2022 10526:. Home Office, UK Government 10026:. Rediff News. 28 March 2007 9855:Raina, J. N. (30 May 2007). 9319:Election Commission of India 7620:Dhar, Aarti (14 July 2014). 6096:Journal of Rural Development 5953:Rath, Kayte (5 March 2013). 5775:Sivakumar, B. (2 May 2013). 3444:Election Commission of India 3197:, all of whom came from the 2979:Prevention of Atrocities Act 2829:Ministry of Minority Affairs 2790: 657:, a Dalit activist from the 601:Prevention of Atrocities Act 573:in 1947, India introduced a 556:Government of India Act 1935 236:is a vernacular form of the 149:Dalits predominantly follow 118:, also known by the name of 7: 16631:Social groups of Bangladesh 15397:Medical model of disability 15249:Hate speech laws by country 13143:Water supply and sanitation 12589:Economically Weaker Section 12465:Sharma, Pradeep K. (2006). 12448:Dalit Identity and Politics 12034:Shyamlal (1 January 1992). 11609:Contemporary Voice of Dalit 11058:. Vol. 30, no. 1. 10190:"The BJP's Dalit game plan" 10004:. Rediff.co.in. 11 May 2007 9914:Vij, Shivam (21 May 2009). 9217:Dogar, Vidya Sagar (2000). 9174:University of Chicago Press 9100:"Dalit Christians in India" 8284:"Temples of Unmodern India" 8006:Contemporary Voice of Dalit 7257:Wax, Emily (21 June 2007). 7180:Sen, Jahnavi (6 May 2016). 6103:(4): 529–42. Archived from 4523: 4492: 4380: 3898:Sikhs in the United Kingdom 3689: 3571:(under pressure from BJP), 3509:Bahujan Shakti Party, Nepal 3327:. His followers are called 3136: 3118:, a Dalit belonging to the 3030: 3015: 2703:system and untouchability. 2478:Medical model of disability 2322:Hate speech laws by country 359:efforts in 1935, being the 98: 10: 16657: 15506:Social model of disability 13973:Discrimination against men 13030:Public distribution system 12680:1996 Bathani Tola Massacre 12408:Rajshekhar, V. T. (2003). 12270:Mani, Braj Ranjan (2005). 12228:Joshi, Barbara R. (1986). 12058: 11656:Dalit Literatures in India 11400:"From Panchamars to Dalit" 10111:India. pp. 205, 279. 9782:Mirchandani, G.G. (2003). 9724:Cambridge University Press 9609:Cambridge University Press 7987:Dalit Empowerment in India 5698:"Profile: Mayawati Kumari" 5644:Srivastava, B. N. (2003). 5617:Cambridge University Press 5518:10.1177/006996671104500203 5477:Cambridge University Press 5427:Perez, Rosa Maria (2004). 4857:Dalits and Tribes of India 4720:Hankins, Joseph D (2014). 4373: 4311: 4259: 4004: 3776:Shadow Equalities minister 3693: 3540: 3404: 3389: 3342: 3282: 3179: 3175: 3141:In 1956, the Dalit jurist 3019: 2988: 2982: 2822: 2587:Social model of disability 1008:Discrimination against men 504: 500: 382: 378: 311:considers official use of 29: 16641:Social groups of Pakistan 16567: 16468: 16449: 16428: 16356: 16349: 16323: 16260: 16193: 16110: 16055: 15995: 15977:(standard Nepali dialect) 15939: 15930: 15771: 15700: 15646: 15635: 15563: 15302: 15179: 14972: 14859:Opposition to immigration 14583: 14223: 14065: 13825: 13775:Race / Ethnicity 13712: 13681: 13568: 13545:Films about social issues 13523: 13470: 13407: 13369: 13336: 13263: 13212: 13156: 13113: 13090: 12973: 12912: 12879: 12866:Republican Party of India 12838: 12822: 12786: 12723: 12647: 12561: 11200:. Editors Amaresh Datta. 11103:M.S., Thimmanaik (2019). 9722:(2 ed.). Cambridge: 9601:Kohli, Atul, ed. (2001). 9341:"Non-Dalits flock to RPI" 8634:Shook, John, ed. (2017). 8599:Teltumbde, Anand (2016). 8570:. pp. 2–15, 210–213. 5892:Bandarage, Asoka (2008). 4937:Robinson, Rowena (2003). 3759:and at doctor's offices. 3481:Republican Party of India 3475:Prakash Yashwant Ambedkar 3145:(1891–1956) launched the 3074:Temple Entry Proclamation 3056:In the 19th century, the 2682:has been observed across 1918:Opposition to immigration 802:Race / Ethnicity 228:word 'Dalit' was used by 87: 14854:Occupational segregation 14623:Compulsory sterilization 12913:Caste Census and Surveys 11621:10.1177/2455328X20987370 9245:Jose, Kananaikil. 1990. 8958: 8184:Nath, Suryakant (2013). 8018:10.1177/2455328X18822909 6638:Kunnath, George (2013). 5981:Lepoer, Barbara Leitch. 5079:. Springer. p. 22. 4292:Eklavya: The Royal Guard 4166:little magazine movement 4154:little magazine movement 3993:filed a lawsuit against 3828:Sikh diaspora in Britain 3503:Nepali Dalit-led parties 3385: 3310:, that is, belonging to 2923:Jantar Mantar, New Delhi 2907: 2887:Healthcare and nutrition 1913:Occupational segregation 1682:Compulsory sterilization 519:(c. 1812–1878) with his 177:; this gives Dalits the 30:For the legal term, see 16626:Discrimination in Nepal 16616:Discrimination in India 15382:Internalized oppression 15244:Fighting Discrimination 15234:Fat acceptance movement 15192:Anti-discrimination law 14832:Native American mascots 13013:National Pension System 12710:Bhima Koregaon protests 12629:Dalit Buddhist movement 12579:Caste politics in India 12469:. Shipra Publications. 12427:Rege, Sharmila (2006). 12356:Paik, Shailaja (2018). 12289:Michael, S. M. (2007). 12086:Gorringe, Hugo (2005). 12065:Ballard, Roger (1994). 11480:Purushotham, K (2010). 11318:admin (9 August 2016). 11267:Mishra, Jugal Kishore. 10052:The Wall Street Journal 9716:Brass, Paul R. (1994). 9515:Daily News and Analysis 8677:Oxford University Press 8669:Oberoi, Harjot (1994). 8642:Oxford University Press 8462:Oxford University Press 6627:(42): 7–8. 5 June 2015. 6086:Singh, Darshan (2009). 6068:Shankar, Deepa (2007). 5648:. In Lal, A. K. (ed.). 5609:Gould, William (2011). 4576:, of America's central 4433:Ambedkar Makkal Iyakkam 4298:A Brazilian telenovela 3989:In late June 2020, the 3757:National Health Service 3661:Prime Minister of India 3630:Janata Party government 3604:. He was member of the 3471:Vanchit Bahujan Aaghadi 3331:. In 1984, some of the 3323:community in 1963 near 3147:Dalit Buddhist movement 3080:in the Indian state of 3078:last King of Travancore 2697:Prime Minister of India 2463:Internalized oppression 2317:Fighting Discrimination 2307:Fat acceptance movement 2265:Anti-discrimination law 1891:Native American mascots 580:positive discrimination 357:positive discrimination 252:-based social reformer 224:In the late 1880s, the 183:positive discrimination 16636:Social groups of Nepal 15625:Ethnic groups in Nepal 15501:Social identity threat 15474:Reverse discrimination 15464:Racial color blindness 14944:Violence against women 14924:Sex-selective abortion 13351:Caste-related violence 13067:Universal basic income 12967:Social issues in India 12897:Other Backward Classes 12747:Other Backward Classes 12614:IIT reservation policy 12071:. Hurst. p. 110. 11069:Gundappa, Dr. (2019). 10857:Development and Change 10268:The New Indian Express 10099:Harshe, Rajen (2008). 9168:Dumont, Louis (1980). 9098:Sobin, George (2012). 8725:McLeod, W. H. (2009). 8582:"Census GIS Household" 7155:The New Indian Express 7132:The New Indian Express 7052:Rosen Publishing Group 5150:Rosen Publishing Group 4776:Noble, Thomas (2002). 4677: 4591:: 疍家, "boat people"), 4545: 4535:, in France and Spain. 4509: 3923: 3894: 3435: 3419: 3143:Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar 3053: 2935:University of Maryland 2883:(also Balmiki) caste. 2833:below the poverty line 2582:Social identity threat 2555:Reverse discrimination 2545:Racial color blindness 2003:Violence against women 1983:Sex-selective abortion 627: 347:Some sources say that 44: 16606:Caste system in Nepal 16601:Caste system in India 16377:Hill people (Eastern 16086:, Khadgi, Manandhar, 16080:Rajopadhyaya Brahmins 15469:Religious intolerance 15429:Political correctness 15259:Intersex human rights 15207:Cultural assimilation 14889:Religious persecution 14653:Disability hate crime 14438:Jewish / Antisemitism 13550:Freedom of expression 12705:Maratha Kranti Morcha 12690:2008 Gurjar agitation 12624:Self-Respect Movement 12574:Caste system in India 12562:Caste and reservation 12450:. Sage Publications. 12319:. Sage Publications. 12210:Ethnic Studies Report 12186:. Popular Prakashan. 12134:. Popular Prakashan. 12092:. Sage Publications. 11664:10.4324/9781315684314 9366:(18): 715–716. 1974. 8728:The A to Z of Sikhism 8562:Omvedt, Gail (2003). 8497:John Wiley & Sons 8373:"Nepal's Downtrodden" 6057:. CNN. 16 April 2020. 5572:Keane, David (2007). 4278:(son of Dalit leader 3954:In Continental Europe 3907: 3880: 3477:, Ambedkar's grandson 3433: 3414: 3401:Political involvement 3390:Further information: 3343:Further information: 3302:, was inaugurated by 3273:proud sons of Chamars 3111:) joined his forces. 3051:Lady Ottoline Morrell 3045: 3037:religious processions 3022:Self-Respect Movement 2947:Amnesty International 2801:Dalit Adhikar Abhiyan 2550:Religious intolerance 2510:Political correctness 2332:Intersex human rights 2280:Cultural assimilation 1948:Religious persecution 1712:Disability hate crime 1489:Jewish / Antisemitism 621: 593:Constitution of India 546:between Ambedkar and 473:In Nepal, aside from 171:constitution of India 42: 16308:Jangad/Dhangad/Uraun 14874:Political repression 13878:Anti-left handedness 13868:Anti-intellectualism 13399:Separatist movements 12902:Including Muslim OBC 12604:Reservation in India 12393:. Sarup & Sons. 12113:. Orient Blackswan. 12107:Jain, L. C. (2005). 11577:. 25 February 2018. 9573:on 12 September 2015 9206:. 14 September 2010. 8858:on 19 February 2014. 8607:Taylor & Francis 8538:Taylor & Francis 8499:. pp. 524–525. 8464:. pp. 192–213. 7783:Sahay, Anand Mohan. 7474:. 19 September 2014. 7138:on 29 November 2014. 6871:"Prejudice reserved" 6716:on 13 December 2014. 6648:University of Oxford 6110:on 22 December 2010. 5842:Taylor & Francis 5619:. pp. 151–152. 5584:. pp. 284–285. 5465:Mendelsohn, Oliver; 5190:on 22 September 2009 5052:. Dr. Ambedkar Books 5050:drambedkarbooks.com/ 4980:Mendelsohn, Oliver; 4786:The Teaching Company 4683:, in Northern Spain. 4670:[jəʔ˧tsjəʔ˧] 4555:Cleanliness of blood 4468:Marichjhapi massacre 4256:In the film industry 4160:, Bandhu Madhav and 4035:improve this article 3970:In the United States 3668:Damodaram Sanjivayya 3606:Constituent assembly 3563:alongside former PM 3514:Dalit Janajati Party 3107:Dalit warriors (the 2927:Inter-caste marriage 2837:Mangalore University 1933:Political repression 913:Anti-left handedness 903:Anti-intellectualism 513:Gopal Baba Walangkar 477:and, most commonly, 16253:Kushbadiya (Guhari) 16180:Kushbadiya (Guhari) 15377:Historical eugenics 14914:Segregation academy 14894:Religious terrorism 14683:Enemy of the people 14591:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 14105:Jehovah's Witnesses 13998:Perpetual foreigner 13437:Illegal immigration 13082:Widening income gap 12846:Bahujan Samaj Party 12794:Kalelkar Commission 12715:April 2018 protests 12216:(2). Archived from 11695:"Amazon.com: Books" 11281:on 31 October 2008. 10811:The Daily Telegraph 10439:The Daily Telegraph 10274:on 1 September 2013 9890:Wall Street Journal 9107:DalitStudies.org.in 9031:, 20 September 2010 8871:, pp. f63–124. 8812:Cole, Owen (2010). 8714:. 23 December 2013. 7820:. 28 September 2020 7710:on 3 September 2015 7420:on 20 February 2021 7413:National Geographic 7264:The Washington Post 7161:on 12 December 2014 6994:The Washington Post 6597:on 3 September 2015 6199:Klostermaier, Klaus 5987:Library of Congress 5738:. 4 September 2018. 5323:Library of Congress 5318:Library of Congress 5229:(2). Archived from 4940:Christians of India 4709:. 5 September 2018. 4679:Vaqueiros de alzada 4609:(small people) and 4602:[kʰuo˥lɛ˥˧] 4539:Caquins of Brittany 4423:Dalit History Month 4301:India: A Love Story 4285:Miley Naa Miley Hum 3893:the person attends. 3750:Indian subcontinent 3641:Ramchandra Veerappa 3618:Lal Bahadur Shastri 3530:Dalit Sujag Tehreek 3493:Lok Janshakti Party 3440:Bahujan Samaj Party 3416:Bahujan Samaj Party 3370:in Tamil Nadu, and 3066:Ramakrishna Mission 3005:Parliament of India 2848:Chandra Bhan Prasad 2458:Historical eugenics 1973:Segregation academy 1953:Religious terrorism 1742:Enemy of the people 1650:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 1148:Jehovah's Witnesses 1033:Perpetual foreigner 597:Government of India 531:) community in the 15813:Lama clan (Tamang) 15289:Social integration 15284:Self-determination 15274:Racial integration 15222:Diversity training 15212:Cultural pluralism 15187:Affirmative action 15087:Racial segregation 14997:Crime of apartheid 14899:Religious violence 14402:Indigenous people 13802:Sexual orientation 13389:Religious violence 13250:Female infanticide 13235:Child prostitution 13052:Standard of living 12758:Affirmative action 12374:10.1111/hic3.12491 12341:. Orient Longman. 12255:. Orient Longman. 12157:Ashgate Publishing 11733:The Times of India 11575:The Times of India 11171:E. V. Ramakrishnan 10895:The World from PRX 10726:, pp. 110–11. 10610:on 21 October 2017 10319:Sikand, Yoginder. 10169:. 17 December 2014 9979:The New York Times 9826:The Indian Express 9785:320 Million Judges 9491:. 4 September 2015 9489:The Kathmandu Post 9116:on 5 November 2016 8980:on 2 February 2014 8937:on 2 February 2014 8609:. pp. 57–59. 8524:Skaria, A (2015). 8409:. 27 February 2014 8407:The Kathmandu Post 8289:The Times of India 8089:The Times of India 7964:The Times of India 7817:The Indian Express 7647:The Indian Express 7472:The Times of India 7020:The Indian Express 6967:The New York Times 6902:. 7 November 2014. 6651:. pp. 36–59. 6564:The Indian Express 6506:The Indian Express 6403:The New York Times 6318:"The caste system" 6297:minorityrights.org 6270:. 14 December 2020 6177:Human Rights Watch 6141:10.1353/dem.0.0001 5809:Welfare Department 5754:The Indian Express 5312:"Tribal Religions" 5117:. pp. 10–11. 4917:www.britannica.com 4707:The Times of India 4308:Internal conflicts 4178:Manoranjan Byapari 4162:Shankar Rao Kharat 3924: 3895: 3537:Other dalit groups 3436: 3420: 3101:Subramania Bharati 3054: 2710:Klaus Klostermaier 2689:Human Rights Watch 2362:Social integration 2357:Self-determination 2347:Racial integration 2295:Diversity training 2285:Cultural pluralism 2260:Affirmative action 2152:Racial segregation 2062:Crime of apartheid 1958:Religious violence 1453:Indigenous people 829:Sexual orientation 628: 575:reservation system 385:Harijan (magazine) 45: 16583: 16582: 16563: 16562: 16440:Madheshi Janajati 16366:Mountain people ( 16303:Khadiya/Bankariya 16280: 16234:Khadiya/Bankariya 16201: 16170: 16169: 15836: 15835: 15640:(Trans-Himalayan) 15591: 15590: 15459:Racism by country 15387:Intersectionality 15372:Heteronormativity 15171:Voter suppression 14919:Sexual harassment 14718:Forced conversion 14638:Cultural genocide 14301:African Americans 14115:post–Cold War era 14100:Eastern Orthodoxy 13863:Anti-drug addicts 13858:Anti-homelessness 13785:Scientific racism 13641: 13640: 13427:Human trafficking 13240:Child trafficking 13169:Domestic violence 13138:Natural disasters 13133:Manual scavenging 12993:Farmers' suicides 12933: 12932: 12799:Mandal Commission 12695:Patidar agitation 12476:978-81-7541-271-2 12457:978-0-7619-9508-1 12400:978-81-7625-817-3 12348:978-81-250-2895-6 12304:978-0-7619-3571-1 12295:Sage Publications 12243:978-0-86232-460-5 12223:on 12 March 2004. 12193:978-81-85604-65-7 12166:978-0-7546-5202-1 12141:978-0-317-12346-3 12120:978-81-250-2707-2 12099:978-0-7619-3323-6 12078:978-1-85065-091-1 12047:978-81-7154-550-6 11992:978-1-4411-7881-7 11985:. A&C Black. 11791:on 1 October 2015 11759:Mainstream Weekly 11550:Round Table India 11458:978-81-7835-688-4 11355:979-10-365-4987-8 11030:Lingayat Religion 11006:on 7 January 2009 10921:today.westlaw.com 10761:. Newageislam.com 10698:978-0-7914-9302-1 10679:Coward, Harold G. 10244:. 19 January 2015 10142:Business Standard 10118:978-8-13178-525-6 10109:Pearson Education 9321:. 25 October 2021 9041:Shyamlal (1997). 8894:978-81-208-2045-6 8742:978-0-81086-344-6 8616:978-1-315-52644-7 8568:SAGE Publications 8506:978-1-119-14466-3 8471:978-0-19-566329-7 8296:on 11 August 2011 7065:978-0-8239-3180-4 6942:. 28 October 2012 6836:Business Standard 6762:. 1 February 2013 6680:. 5 December 2014 6377:on 5 October 2011 6218:978-0-7914-8011-3 6075:. The World Bank. 6043:. 1 October 2019. 5909:978-1-13597-085-7 5880:978-0-215-54435-3 5851:978-1-00-008390-3 5844:. pp. 115–. 5659:978-8-18069-053-2 5626:978-1-13949-869-2 5591:978-9-04742-087-3 5555:978-1-31552-643-0 5486:978-0-52155-671-2 5440:978-8-18028-014-6 5262: 5233:on 30 April 2013. 5159:978-0-8239-3179-8 5124:978-1-31552-643-0 5086:978-9-81103-581-4 5027:978-1-4438-0856-9 4997:978-0-521-55671-2 4901:on 16 April 2015. 4867:978-81-8324-348-3 4831:978-0-313-37463-0 4784:. Chantilly, VA: 4649: 4617:, Gaibu (丐戶) and 4443:Bhopal Conference 4428:Dalit nationalism 4190:Mandal Commission 4152:" as part of the 4111:Western Chalukyas 4071:Indian literature 4067: 4066: 4059: 3919:Guru Granth Sahib 3889:based upon which 3875: 3874: 3853:. Please help to 3845:This section may 3807:Equality Act 2010 3573:Lalu Prasad Yadav 3304:Mohanlal Sukhadia 3219:Master Tara Singh 3191:Guru Granth Sahib 3159:Marathi Buddhists 2869:manual scavenging 2677: 2676: 2540:Racism by country 2468:Intersectionality 2453:Heteronormativity 2236:Voter suppression 1978:Sexual harassment 1777:Forced conversion 1697:Cultural genocide 1352:African Americans 1158:post–Cold War era 1143:Eastern Orthodoxy 898:Anti-drug addicts 893:Anti-homelessness 812:Scientific racism 608:Bombay High Court 564:Depressed Classes 533:Bengal Presidency 485:(among Muslims), 266:Depressed Classes 96: 18:Untouchable caste 16:(Redirected from 16648: 16577:Nepal portal 16575: 16574: 16573: 16354: 16353: 16301:Dudh and Dhelki 16275: 16196: 15937: 15936: 15763:Limbu (Yakthung) 15687:Central Tibetans 15656:Darchula Bhotiya 15644: 15643: 15618: 15611: 15604: 15595: 15594: 15581: 15580: 15571: 15570: 15511:Social privilege 15496:Social exclusion 15424:Police brutality 15345:Multiculturalism 15315:Amatonormativity 15146:Social exclusion 14982:Age of candidacy 14782:Homeless dumping 14688:Ethnic cleansing 13668: 13661: 13654: 13645: 13644: 13633:Police brutality 13422:Groom kidnapping 13384:Ethnic relations 13245:Female foeticide 12960: 12953: 12946: 12937: 12936: 12892:Scheduled Tribes 12887:Scheduled Castes 12670:Namantar Andolan 12548: 12541: 12534: 12525: 12524: 12502: 12485:Zelliot, Eleanor 12480: 12461: 12442: 12423: 12404: 12385: 12352: 12330: 12308: 12285: 12266: 12247: 12224: 12222: 12207: 12197: 12170: 12145: 12124: 12103: 12082: 12052: 12051: 12031: 12025: 12024: 12022: 12020: 12003: 11997: 11996: 11976: 11970: 11964: 11958: 11952: 11946: 11940: 11931: 11930: 11925:Shinde, Prem K. 11922: 11916: 11915: 11891: 11885: 11884: 11882: 11880: 11863: 11857: 11856: 11854: 11852: 11835: 11829: 11828: 11826: 11824: 11807: 11801: 11800: 11798: 11796: 11777: 11771: 11770: 11768: 11766: 11751: 11745: 11744: 11742: 11740: 11723: 11717: 11716: 11709: 11703: 11702: 11691: 11685: 11684: 11682: 11680: 11647: 11641: 11640: 11600: 11594: 11593: 11591: 11589: 11567: 11561: 11560: 11558: 11556: 11541: 11535: 11534: 11532: 11530: 11516: 11510: 11509: 11477: 11471: 11470: 11442: 11436: 11435: 11395: 11389: 11388: 11372: 11366: 11365: 11364: 11362: 11337: 11331: 11330: 11328: 11326: 11315: 11309: 11308: 11306: 11304: 11289: 11283: 11282: 11280: 11274:. Archived from 11273: 11264: 11258: 11247: 11241: 11240: 11223: 11217: 11192: 11186: 11161: 11155: 11134: 11128: 11127: 11109: 11100: 11094: 11093: 11075: 11066: 11060: 11059: 11047: 11041: 11040: 11038: 11036: 11022: 11016: 11015: 11013: 11011: 11002:. Archived from 10992: 10986: 10985: 10983: 10981: 10964: 10958: 10957: 10955: 10953: 10938: 10932: 10931: 10929: 10927: 10913: 10907: 10906: 10904: 10902: 10887: 10881: 10880: 10852: 10846: 10845: 10837: 10828: 10827: 10825: 10823: 10807: 10799: 10793: 10792: 10780: 10771: 10770: 10768: 10766: 10754: 10748: 10745: 10739: 10733: 10727: 10721: 10715: 10709: 10703: 10702: 10675: 10664: 10663: 10661: 10659: 10643: 10637: 10626: 10620: 10619: 10617: 10615: 10606:. Archived from 10596: 10590: 10589: 10587: 10575: 10569: 10568: 10566: 10564: 10547: 10536: 10535: 10533: 10531: 10519: 10513: 10512: 10510: 10508: 10503:. Chennai, India 10490: 10484: 10483: 10481: 10479: 10462: 10456: 10455: 10453: 10451: 10435: 10427: 10421: 10420: 10418: 10416: 10399: 10393: 10392: 10390: 10388: 10370: 10361: 10360: 10358: 10356: 10339: 10333: 10332: 10330: 10328: 10316: 10310: 10309: 10307: 10305: 10300:on 31 March 2015 10296:. Archived from 10290: 10284: 10283: 10281: 10279: 10260: 10254: 10253: 10251: 10249: 10232: 10226: 10225: 10223: 10221: 10216:. 4 January 2015 10204: 10198: 10197: 10185: 10179: 10178: 10176: 10174: 10159: 10153: 10152: 10150: 10148: 10133: 10127: 10126: 10096: 10090: 10089: 10087: 10085: 10070: 10064: 10063: 10061: 10059: 10042: 10036: 10035: 10033: 10031: 10020: 10014: 10013: 10011: 10009: 9998: 9992: 9991: 9989: 9987: 9969: 9963: 9962: 9960: 9958: 9953:on 15 March 2007 9937: 9931: 9930: 9928: 9926: 9911: 9902: 9901: 9899: 9897: 9879: 9873: 9872: 9870: 9868: 9852: 9846: 9845: 9837: 9831: 9830: 9829:. 20 March 2014. 9817: 9811: 9810: 9804: 9802: 9779: 9773: 9772: 9748: 9742: 9741: 9713: 9707: 9706: 9700: 9692: 9678: 9672: 9671: 9665: 9663: 9640: 9634: 9633: 9627: 9625: 9598: 9592: 9589: 9583: 9582: 9580: 9578: 9559: 9553: 9552: 9550: 9548: 9533: 9527: 9526: 9524: 9522: 9507: 9501: 9500: 9498: 9496: 9481: 9475: 9474: 9472: 9470: 9455: 9449: 9448: 9437: 9431: 9430: 9428: 9426: 9411: 9405: 9404: 9390: 9384: 9383: 9355: 9349: 9348: 9337: 9331: 9330: 9328: 9326: 9311: 9305: 9304: 9302: 9300: 9283: 9277: 9276: 9274: 9272: 9255: 9249: 9243: 9237: 9236: 9230: 9222: 9221:. New Delhi, IN. 9214: 9208: 9207: 9199: 9193: 9192: 9187: 9178: 9177: 9165: 9159: 9158: 9151: 9145: 9144: 9132: 9126: 9125: 9123: 9121: 9115: 9109:. Archived from 9104: 9095: 9084: 9083: 9075: 9069: 9067: 9055: 9049: 9048: 9038: 9032: 9026: 9020: 9014: 9008: 9007: 8996: 8990: 8989: 8987: 8985: 8970: 8964: 8963: 8953: 8947: 8946: 8944: 8942: 8933:. Archived from 8923: 8917: 8914: 8908: 8905: 8899: 8898: 8878: 8872: 8866: 8860: 8859: 8854:. Archived from 8843: 8834: 8833: 8809: 8803: 8802: 8791: 8785: 8784: 8764: 8758: 8757: 8751: 8749: 8722: 8716: 8715: 8704: 8698: 8697: 8695: 8693: 8666: 8660: 8659: 8651:978-0-19998845-7 8631: 8625: 8624: 8596: 8590: 8589: 8584:. Archived from 8578: 8572: 8571: 8559: 8553: 8551: 8549: 8521: 8515: 8514: 8486: 8480: 8479: 8451: 8445: 8444: 8442: 8440: 8425: 8419: 8418: 8416: 8414: 8399: 8393: 8392: 8390: 8388: 8379:. Archived from 8368: 8362: 8361: 8359: 8357: 8340: 8334: 8333: 8331: 8329: 8312: 8306: 8305: 8303: 8301: 8280: 8274: 8273: 8261: 8255: 8254: 8242: 8236: 8235: 8233: 8231: 8223:Rushdi, Aaliya. 8220: 8214: 8213: 8181: 8175: 8174: 8172: 8170: 8153: 8147: 8146: 8106: 8100: 8099: 8097: 8095: 8080: 8074: 8073: 8071: 8069: 8044: 8038: 8037: 7997: 7991: 7982: 7976: 7975: 7973: 7971: 7955: 7949: 7948: 7946: 7944: 7927: 7921: 7920: 7918: 7916: 7899: 7893: 7892: 7890: 7888: 7871: 7858: 7857: 7855: 7853: 7836: 7830: 7829: 7827: 7825: 7808: 7802: 7801: 7799: 7797: 7780: 7774: 7773: 7771: 7769: 7754: 7748: 7747: 7745: 7743: 7726: 7720: 7719: 7717: 7715: 7694: 7688: 7687: 7685: 7683: 7666: 7660: 7659: 7657: 7655: 7650:. 18 August 2015 7638: 7632: 7631: 7617: 7611: 7610: 7608: 7606: 7589: 7583: 7582: 7568: 7562: 7561: 7559: 7557: 7542: 7536: 7535: 7534:. 25 April 2015. 7522: 7516: 7515: 7501: 7495: 7494: 7482: 7476: 7475: 7464: 7458: 7457: 7455: 7453: 7436: 7430: 7429: 7427: 7425: 7404: 7395: 7394: 7392: 7390: 7373: 7367: 7366: 7364: 7362: 7345: 7339: 7338: 7336: 7334: 7316: 7310: 7309: 7307: 7305: 7296:. Archived from 7282: 7276: 7275: 7273: 7271: 7254: 7248: 7247: 7245: 7243: 7225: 7219: 7218: 7216: 7214: 7196: 7190: 7189: 7177: 7171: 7170: 7168: 7166: 7157:. Archived from 7146: 7140: 7139: 7134:. Archived from 7123: 7117: 7116: 7114: 7112: 7094: 7088: 7081: 7070: 7069: 7049: 7039: 7033: 7032: 7030: 7028: 7011: 7005: 7004: 7002: 7000: 6985: 6979: 6978: 6976: 6974: 6958: 6952: 6951: 6949: 6947: 6929: 6923: 6922: 6910: 6904: 6903: 6892: 6886: 6885: 6883: 6881: 6875:Ahmedabad Mirror 6866: 6860: 6859: 6858:. 24 March 2013. 6846: 6840: 6839: 6828: 6822: 6821: 6819: 6817: 6807: 6801: 6800: 6798: 6796: 6778: 6772: 6771: 6769: 6767: 6750: 6744: 6743: 6741: 6739: 6724: 6718: 6717: 6712:. Archived from 6699: 6690: 6689: 6687: 6685: 6667: 6661: 6660: 6644: 6635: 6629: 6628: 6613: 6607: 6606: 6604: 6602: 6581: 6575: 6574: 6572: 6570: 6555: 6549: 6548: 6546: 6544: 6523: 6517: 6516: 6514: 6512: 6497: 6491: 6490: 6476: 6470: 6469: 6467: 6465: 6448: 6442: 6441: 6439: 6437: 6422: 6416: 6415: 6413: 6411: 6393: 6387: 6386: 6384: 6382: 6367: 6361: 6360: 6358: 6356: 6338: 6332: 6331: 6326:. Archived from 6314: 6308: 6307: 6305: 6303: 6294: 6286: 6280: 6279: 6277: 6275: 6260: 6254: 6253: 6251: 6249: 6233: 6227: 6226: 6195: 6189: 6188: 6186: 6184: 6169: 6163: 6162: 6152: 6118: 6112: 6111: 6109: 6092: 6083: 6077: 6076: 6074: 6065: 6059: 6058: 6051: 6045: 6044: 6033: 6027: 6026: 6024: 6022: 6007: 5998: 5997: 5995: 5993: 5978: 5972: 5971: 5969: 5967: 5950: 5944: 5943: 5941: 5939: 5924: 5918: 5917: 5889: 5883: 5866: 5860: 5859: 5831: 5825: 5824: 5822: 5820: 5815:on 23 April 2016 5811:. Archived from 5801: 5795: 5794: 5792: 5790: 5772: 5766: 5765: 5763: 5761: 5746: 5740: 5739: 5728: 5722: 5721: 5714: 5708: 5707: 5694: 5688: 5687: 5685: 5677: 5668: 5667: 5641: 5635: 5634: 5606: 5600: 5599: 5569: 5560: 5559: 5540:Teltumbde, Anand 5536: 5530: 5529: 5501: 5495: 5494: 5467:Vicziany, Marika 5462: 5456: 5455: 5449: 5447: 5424: 5418: 5417: 5392: 5386: 5385: 5383: 5381: 5366: 5360: 5359: 5341: 5335: 5334: 5332: 5330: 5308: 5302: 5301: 5270: 5264: 5258: 5257: 5248: 5235: 5234: 5215:Zelliot, Eleanor 5211: 5200: 5199: 5197: 5195: 5174: 5168: 5167: 5139: 5133: 5132: 5105:Teltumbde, Anand 5101: 5095: 5094: 5068: 5062: 5061: 5059: 5057: 5042: 5036: 5035: 5011: 5002: 5001: 4982:Vicziany, Marika 4977: 4968: 4965: 4959: 4958: 4934: 4928: 4927: 4925: 4923: 4909: 4903: 4902: 4897:. Archived from 4885: 4876: 4875: 4851: 4840: 4839: 4811: 4800: 4799: 4783: 4773: 4767: 4766: 4764: 4762: 4753:. Archived from 4742: 4736: 4735: 4717: 4711: 4710: 4699: 4682: 4672: 4650: 4647: 4644: 4630: 4604: 4569: 4550: 4528: 4514: 4497: 4478:Namantar Andolan 4438:Ayyathan Gopalan 4280:Ram Vilas Paswan 4121:poets and Tamil 4107:Madara Chennaiah 4062: 4055: 4051: 4048: 4042: 4019: 4011: 4007:Dalit literature 3945:In the Caribbean 3870: 3867: 3840: 3839: 3832: 3721:Indiramma Kalalu 3672:Jitan Ram Manjhi 3637:Dinanath Bhaskar 3614:Jawaharlal Nehru 3612:Prime ministers 3466:Azad Samaj Party 3449:Azad Samaj Party 2933:(NCAER) and the 2797:school drop-outs 2769:Savitribai Phule 2735:Himachal Pradesh 2669: 2662: 2655: 2592:Social privilege 2577:Social exclusion 2505:Police brutality 2426:Multiculturalism 2396:Amatonormativity 2211:Social exclusion 2047:Age of candidacy 1841:Homeless dumping 1747:Ethnic cleansing 692: 669: 668: 571:its independence 560:Scheduled Castes 517:Harichand Thakur 481:, terms such as 369:Dalit Christians 361:Scheduled Tribes 342:Scheduled Castes 333:Scheduled Castes 327:Scheduled Castes 318:Scheduled Castes 277:activist group. 175:Scheduled Castes 101: 91: 89: 81: 80: 77: 76: 73: 70: 67: 64: 61: 54: 21: 16656: 16655: 16651: 16650: 16649: 16647: 16646: 16645: 16586: 16585: 16584: 16579: 16571: 16569: 16559: 16464: 16445: 16424: 16411:Western Nepal ( 16345: 16319: 16274: 16261:Other peoples ( 16256: 16199:distinct origin 16195: 16189: 16166: 16112:Indian Madheshi 16106: 16051: 16010:Maithil Brahmin 15991: 15926: 15832: 15767: 15696: 15682:Central Tibetic 15639: 15631: 15629:language family 15622: 15592: 15587: 15559: 15434:Polyculturalism 15330:Civil liberties 15298: 15279:Reappropriation 15180:Countermeasures 15175: 15104:Racial steering 15070:Numerus clausus 14974: 14968: 14693:Ethnic conflict 14628:Corrective rape 14579: 14219: 14174:minority Muslim 14061: 13953:HIV/AIDS stigma 13821: 13770:Mental disorder 13708: 13677: 13672: 13642: 13637: 13564: 13519: 13466: 13447:Organised crime 13432:Illegal housing 13403: 13365: 13332: 13308:Menstrual taboo 13259: 13255:Street children 13208: 13179:Family planning 13152: 13109: 13086: 12969: 12964: 12934: 12929: 12908: 12875: 12834: 12818: 12782: 12753:Forward classes 12719: 12643: 12599:Anti-Brahminism 12557: 12552: 12510: 12505: 12499: 12477: 12458: 12439: 12420: 12401: 12362:History Compass 12349: 12327: 12305: 12282: 12263: 12244: 12220: 12205: 12194: 12177: 12175:Further reading 12167: 12142: 12121: 12100: 12079: 12061: 12056: 12055: 12048: 12032: 12028: 12018: 12016: 12004: 12000: 11993: 11977: 11973: 11965: 11961: 11953: 11949: 11941: 11934: 11923: 11919: 11892: 11888: 11878: 11876: 11864: 11860: 11850: 11848: 11836: 11832: 11822: 11820: 11808: 11804: 11794: 11792: 11779: 11778: 11774: 11764: 11762: 11753: 11752: 11748: 11738: 11736: 11724: 11720: 11711: 11710: 11706: 11693: 11692: 11688: 11678: 11676: 11674: 11648: 11644: 11601: 11597: 11587: 11585: 11569: 11568: 11564: 11554: 11552: 11542: 11538: 11528: 11526: 11518: 11517: 11513: 11478: 11474: 11459: 11443: 11439: 11396: 11392: 11373: 11369: 11360: 11358: 11356: 11338: 11334: 11324: 11322: 11316: 11312: 11302: 11300: 11290: 11286: 11278: 11271: 11265: 11261: 11248: 11244: 11239:on 2 July 2003. 11225: 11224: 11220: 11202:Sahitya Akademi 11193: 11189: 11175:Sahitya Akademi 11162: 11158: 11135: 11131: 11107: 11101: 11097: 11073: 11067: 11063: 11048: 11044: 11034: 11032: 11024: 11023: 11019: 11009: 11007: 10994: 10993: 10989: 10979: 10977: 10966: 10965: 10961: 10951: 10949: 10940: 10939: 10935: 10925: 10923: 10915: 10914: 10910: 10900: 10898: 10889: 10888: 10884: 10853: 10849: 10838: 10831: 10821: 10819: 10800: 10796: 10781: 10774: 10764: 10762: 10755: 10751: 10746: 10742: 10734: 10730: 10722: 10718: 10710: 10706: 10699: 10691:. p. 133. 10676: 10667: 10657: 10655: 10644: 10640: 10627: 10623: 10613: 10611: 10598: 10597: 10593: 10585: 10576: 10572: 10562: 10560: 10548: 10539: 10529: 10527: 10520: 10516: 10506: 10504: 10491: 10487: 10477: 10475: 10474:. 12 March 2009 10464: 10463: 10459: 10449: 10447: 10428: 10424: 10414: 10412: 10400: 10396: 10386: 10384: 10371: 10364: 10354: 10352: 10341: 10340: 10336: 10326: 10324: 10317: 10313: 10303: 10301: 10292: 10291: 10287: 10277: 10275: 10262: 10261: 10257: 10247: 10245: 10234: 10233: 10229: 10219: 10217: 10206: 10205: 10201: 10186: 10182: 10172: 10170: 10161: 10160: 10156: 10146: 10144: 10134: 10130: 10119: 10097: 10093: 10083: 10081: 10071: 10067: 10057: 10055: 10043: 10039: 10029: 10027: 10022: 10021: 10017: 10007: 10005: 10000: 9999: 9995: 9985: 9983: 9970: 9966: 9956: 9954: 9939: 9938: 9934: 9924: 9922: 9912: 9905: 9895: 9893: 9880: 9876: 9866: 9864: 9853: 9849: 9838: 9834: 9819: 9818: 9814: 9800: 9798: 9796: 9780: 9776: 9765: 9749: 9745: 9734: 9726:. p. 249. 9714: 9710: 9694: 9693: 9679: 9675: 9661: 9659: 9657: 9641: 9637: 9623: 9621: 9619: 9599: 9595: 9590: 9586: 9576: 9574: 9561: 9560: 9556: 9546: 9544: 9534: 9530: 9520: 9518: 9509: 9508: 9504: 9494: 9492: 9483: 9482: 9478: 9468: 9466: 9456: 9452: 9439: 9438: 9434: 9424: 9422: 9413: 9412: 9408: 9400:Hindustan Times 9391: 9387: 9357: 9356: 9352: 9339: 9338: 9334: 9324: 9322: 9313: 9312: 9308: 9298: 9296: 9287:"Dalit Muslims" 9285: 9284: 9280: 9270: 9268: 9256: 9252: 9244: 9240: 9224: 9223: 9215: 9211: 9201: 9200: 9196: 9188: 9181: 9166: 9162: 9153: 9152: 9148: 9133: 9129: 9119: 9117: 9113: 9102: 9096: 9087: 9076: 9072: 9056: 9052: 9039: 9035: 9027: 9023: 9015: 9011: 8998: 8997: 8993: 8983: 8981: 8972: 8971: 8967: 8960: 8955: 8954: 8950: 8940: 8938: 8925: 8924: 8920: 8915: 8911: 8906: 8902: 8895: 8879: 8875: 8867: 8863: 8844: 8837: 8826: 8810: 8806: 8793: 8792: 8788: 8765: 8761: 8747: 8745: 8743: 8733:Scarecrow Press 8723: 8719: 8706: 8705: 8701: 8691: 8689: 8687: 8679:. p. 109. 8667: 8663: 8652: 8644:. p. 224. 8632: 8628: 8617: 8597: 8593: 8588:on 6 July 2010. 8580: 8579: 8575: 8560: 8556: 8522: 8518: 8507: 8487: 8483: 8472: 8452: 8448: 8438: 8436: 8427: 8426: 8422: 8412: 8410: 8401: 8400: 8396: 8386: 8384: 8369: 8365: 8355: 8353: 8341: 8337: 8327: 8325: 8313: 8309: 8299: 8297: 8282: 8281: 8277: 8262: 8258: 8243: 8239: 8229: 8227: 8221: 8217: 8182: 8178: 8168: 8166: 8154: 8150: 8107: 8103: 8093: 8091: 8081: 8077: 8067: 8065: 8045: 8041: 7998: 7994: 7983: 7979: 7969: 7967: 7957: 7956: 7952: 7942: 7940: 7937:Hindustan Times 7928: 7924: 7914: 7912: 7911:. 24 April 2016 7901: 7900: 7896: 7886: 7884: 7872: 7861: 7851: 7849: 7838: 7837: 7833: 7823: 7821: 7810: 7809: 7805: 7795: 7793: 7781: 7777: 7767: 7765: 7755: 7751: 7741: 7739: 7727: 7723: 7713: 7711: 7703:Hindustan Times 7696: 7695: 7691: 7681: 7679: 7667: 7663: 7653: 7651: 7640: 7639: 7635: 7618: 7614: 7604: 7602: 7591: 7590: 7586: 7581:. 19 June 2014. 7570: 7569: 7565: 7555: 7553: 7543: 7539: 7531:Hindustan Times 7524: 7523: 7519: 7503: 7502: 7498: 7483: 7479: 7466: 7465: 7461: 7451: 7449: 7438: 7437: 7433: 7423: 7421: 7406: 7405: 7398: 7388: 7386: 7374: 7370: 7360: 7358: 7355:Hindustan Times 7346: 7342: 7332: 7330: 7317: 7313: 7303: 7301: 7300:on 5 March 2016 7283: 7279: 7269: 7267: 7255: 7251: 7241: 7239: 7227: 7226: 7222: 7212: 7210: 7198: 7197: 7193: 7178: 7174: 7164: 7162: 7147: 7143: 7124: 7120: 7110: 7108: 7095: 7091: 7082: 7073: 7066: 7040: 7036: 7026: 7024: 7013: 7012: 7008: 6998: 6996: 6986: 6982: 6972: 6970: 6959: 6955: 6945: 6943: 6931: 6930: 6926: 6911: 6907: 6894: 6893: 6889: 6879: 6877: 6867: 6863: 6848: 6847: 6843: 6830: 6829: 6825: 6815: 6813: 6809: 6808: 6804: 6794: 6792: 6791:. 15 April 2015 6780: 6779: 6775: 6765: 6763: 6752: 6751: 6747: 6737: 6735: 6725: 6721: 6709:Hindustan Times 6700: 6693: 6683: 6681: 6669: 6668: 6664: 6642: 6636: 6632: 6615: 6614: 6610: 6600: 6598: 6590:Hindustan Times 6583: 6582: 6578: 6568: 6566: 6556: 6552: 6542: 6540: 6532:Hindustan Times 6525: 6524: 6520: 6510: 6508: 6498: 6494: 6477: 6473: 6463: 6461: 6458:Hindustan Times 6449: 6445: 6435: 6433: 6423: 6419: 6409: 6407: 6394: 6390: 6380: 6378: 6369: 6368: 6364: 6354: 6352: 6339: 6335: 6330:on 21 May 2009. 6316: 6315: 6311: 6301: 6299: 6292: 6288: 6287: 6283: 6273: 6271: 6262: 6261: 6257: 6247: 6245: 6235: 6234: 6230: 6219: 6211:. p. 297. 6196: 6192: 6182: 6180: 6171: 6170: 6166: 6119: 6115: 6107: 6090: 6084: 6080: 6072: 6066: 6062: 6053: 6052: 6048: 6035: 6034: 6030: 6020: 6018: 6008: 6001: 5991: 5989: 5979: 5975: 5965: 5963: 5951: 5947: 5937: 5935: 5929:"Black Indians" 5925: 5921: 5910: 5902:. p. 186. 5890: 5886: 5867: 5863: 5852: 5832: 5828: 5818: 5816: 5803: 5802: 5798: 5788: 5786: 5773: 5769: 5759: 5757: 5748: 5747: 5743: 5730: 5729: 5725: 5716: 5715: 5711: 5706:. 16 July 2009. 5696: 5695: 5691: 5683: 5679: 5678: 5671: 5660: 5642: 5638: 5627: 5607: 5603: 5592: 5570: 5563: 5556: 5537: 5533: 5502: 5498: 5487: 5463: 5459: 5445: 5443: 5441: 5425: 5421: 5414: 5393: 5389: 5379: 5377: 5376:. 27 March 2017 5374:The News Minute 5368: 5367: 5363: 5356: 5342: 5338: 5328: 5326: 5325:Country Studies 5310: 5309: 5305: 5290:10.2307/2800388 5271: 5267: 5249: 5238: 5223:Global Dialogue 5212: 5203: 5193: 5191: 5176: 5175: 5171: 5160: 5152:. p. 168. 5140: 5136: 5125: 5102: 5098: 5087: 5069: 5065: 5055: 5053: 5044: 5043: 5039: 5028: 5012: 5005: 4998: 4978: 4971: 4966: 4962: 4951: 4935: 4931: 4921: 4919: 4911: 4910: 4906: 4894:Hindustan Times 4887: 4886: 4879: 4868: 4852: 4843: 4832: 4824:. p. 156. 4812: 4803: 4796: 4774: 4770: 4760: 4758: 4743: 4739: 4732: 4718: 4714: 4701: 4700: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4628:[tumin] 4563: 4487: 4482: 4383: 4378: 4372: 4316: 4310: 4268: 4260:Main articles: 4258: 4210:Kathi Padma Rao 4063: 4052: 4046: 4043: 4032: 4020: 4009: 4003: 3972: 3956: 3947: 3871: 3865: 3862: 3841: 3837: 3830: 3738: 3733: 3717:SC, ST Sub-Plan 3713: 3698: 3692: 3676:K. R. Narayanan 3565:Chandra Shekhar 3549: 3541:Main articles: 3539: 3526: 3505: 3462: 3428: 3409: 3403: 3394: 3388: 3347: 3345:Dalit Christian 3341: 3285: 3184: 3178: 3139: 3131:Dalits in Nepal 3033: 3024: 3018: 2993: 2987: 2981: 2910: 2889: 2873:sanitation work 2860: 2825: 2793: 2745:(40 per cent). 2705:Eleanor Zelliot 2673: 2644: 2643: 2642: 2641: 2640: 2515:Polyculturalism 2411:Civil liberties 2383: 2375: 2374: 2373: 2372: 2371: 2352:Reappropriation 2252: 2251:Countermeasures 2244: 2243: 2242: 2241: 2240: 2169:Racial steering 2135:Numerus clausus 2039: 2031: 2030: 2029: 2028: 2027: 1752:Ethnic conflict 1687:Corrective rape 1642: 1634: 1633: 1632: 1631: 1630: 1277: 1266: 1265: 1264: 1263: 1262: 1217:minority Muslim 1110: 1100: 1099: 1098: 1097: 1096: 988:HIV/AIDS stigma 860: 852: 851: 850: 849: 848: 797:Mental disorder 739: 731: 730: 729: 728: 727: 700: 667: 616: 589:K. R. Narayanan 510: 503: 421: 388: 381: 365:Scheduled Caste 353:Scheduled Caste 305: 300: 287:Anand Teltumbde 282:Marika Vicziany 195: 181:to protection, 58: 52: 51: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 16654: 16644: 16643: 16638: 16633: 16628: 16623: 16618: 16613: 16608: 16603: 16598: 16581: 16580: 16568: 16565: 16564: 16561: 16560: 16558: 16557: 16551: 16548: 16545: 16542: 16536: 16531: 16526: 16521: 16516: 16511: 16506: 16501: 16496: 16491: 16486: 16481: 16475: 16473: 16466: 16465: 16463: 16462: 16459: 16453: 16451: 16447: 16446: 16444: 16443: 16442: 16441: 16432: 16430: 16426: 16425: 16423: 16422: 16416: 16409: 16399: 16394:(East, mostly 16389: 16375: 16363: 16361: 16351: 16347: 16346: 16344: 16343: 16338: 16333: 16327: 16325: 16321: 16320: 16318: 16317: 16316: 16315: 16305: 16299: 16294: 16289: 16283: 16281: 16258: 16257: 16255: 16250: 16241: 16236: 16230: 16225: 16220: 16215: 16210: 16204: 16202: 16191: 16190: 16188: 16187: 16182: 16177: 16171: 16168: 16167: 16165: 16164: 16163: 16162: 16157: 16150:other Madheshi 16147: 16142: 16141: 16140: 16137: 16132: 16122: 16120:Indian Maithil 16116: 16114: 16108: 16107: 16105: 16104: 16101: 16100: 16099: 16070:, Chathariya, 16061: 16059: 16053: 16052: 16050: 16049: 16044: 16039: 16034: 16029: 16028: 16027: 16022: 16017: 16012: 16001: 15999: 15993: 15992: 15990: 15985: 15980: 15979: 15978: 15968: 15959: 15945: 15943: 15934: 15928: 15927: 15925: 15924: 15919: 15914: 15909: 15908: 15907: 15902: 15897: 15889: 15884: 15879: 15878: 15877: 15872: 15862: 15861: 15860: 15855: 15849: 15846: 15837: 15834: 15833: 15831: 15830: 15822: 15817: 15816: 15815: 15805: 15804: 15803: 15798: 15793: 15783: 15777: 15775: 15769: 15768: 15766: 15765: 15760: 15759: 15758: 15753: 15745: 15744: 15743: 15738: 15737: 15736: 15723: 15722: 15721: 15715: 15706: 15704: 15698: 15697: 15695: 15694: 15689: 15684: 15678: 15673: 15668: 15663: 15658: 15652: 15650: 15641: 15633: 15632: 15621: 15620: 15613: 15606: 15598: 15589: 15588: 15586: 15585: 15575: 15564: 15561: 15560: 15558: 15557: 15552: 15551: 15550: 15540: 15535: 15530: 15529: 15528: 15523: 15518: 15508: 15503: 15498: 15493: 15488: 15483: 15482: 15481: 15479:Reverse racism 15471: 15466: 15461: 15456: 15451: 15449:Prisoner abuse 15446: 15441: 15439:Power distance 15436: 15431: 15426: 15421: 15416: 15411: 15406: 15405: 15404: 15394: 15389: 15384: 15379: 15374: 15369: 15364: 15359: 15357:Ethnic penalty 15354: 15353: 15352: 15350:Neurodiversity 15347: 15337: 15335:Dehumanization 15332: 15327: 15325:Cisnormativity 15322: 15317: 15312: 15306: 15304: 15303:Related topics 15300: 15299: 15297: 15296: 15291: 15286: 15281: 15276: 15271: 15266: 15261: 15256: 15251: 15246: 15241: 15236: 15231: 15226: 15225: 15224: 15214: 15209: 15204: 15199: 15194: 15189: 15183: 15181: 15177: 15176: 15174: 15173: 15168: 15163: 15161:State religion 15158: 15153: 15148: 15143: 15142: 15141: 15136: 15131: 15126: 15116: 15111: 15106: 15101: 15100: 15099: 15097:Nuremberg Laws 15094: 15084: 15079: 15074: 15066: 15061: 15056: 15051: 15046: 15041: 15039:Ghetto benches 15036: 15034:Gerrymandering 15031: 15026: 15021: 15019:Gender pay gap 15016: 15015: 15014: 15009: 14999: 14994: 14989: 14984: 14978: 14976: 14973:Discriminatory 14970: 14969: 14967: 14966: 14961: 14956: 14951: 14946: 14941: 14936: 14931: 14926: 14921: 14916: 14911: 14906: 14901: 14896: 14891: 14886: 14881: 14876: 14871: 14866: 14861: 14856: 14851: 14850: 14849: 14844: 14839: 14829: 14824: 14819: 14814: 14809: 14804: 14802:Lavender scare 14799: 14797:Kill Haole Day 14794: 14792:Indian rolling 14789: 14784: 14779: 14774: 14769: 14768: 14767: 14757: 14752: 14751: 14750: 14740: 14735: 14730: 14725: 14720: 14715: 14710: 14705: 14700: 14695: 14690: 14685: 14680: 14678:Eliminationism 14675: 14670: 14665: 14660: 14655: 14650: 14645: 14640: 14635: 14630: 14625: 14620: 14615: 14613:Cancel culture 14610: 14605: 14600: 14599: 14598: 14587: 14585: 14584:Manifestations 14581: 14580: 14578: 14577: 14572: 14567: 14562: 14557: 14552: 14547: 14542: 14537: 14532: 14527: 14522: 14517: 14512: 14507: 14502: 14497: 14492: 14487: 14482: 14480:Middle Eastern 14477: 14472: 14467: 14462: 14457: 14452: 14447: 14446: 14445: 14435: 14430: 14425: 14420: 14419: 14418: 14413: 14408: 14400: 14395: 14390: 14385: 14380: 14375: 14370: 14365: 14360: 14355: 14350: 14345: 14340: 14335: 14330: 14325: 14320: 14315: 14314: 14313: 14308: 14303: 14293: 14288: 14283: 14282: 14281: 14276: 14271: 14261: 14256: 14251: 14246: 14241: 14236: 14230: 14228: 14221: 14220: 14218: 14217: 14215:Zoroastrianism 14212: 14207: 14202: 14197: 14192: 14191: 14190: 14180: 14179: 14178: 14177: 14176: 14171: 14166: 14161: 14156: 14141: 14140: 14139: 14137:Untouchability 14134: 14124: 14119: 14118: 14117: 14112: 14107: 14102: 14097: 14087: 14082: 14077: 14071: 14069: 14063: 14062: 14060: 14059: 14054: 14049: 14048: 14047: 14042: 14037: 14027: 14026: 14025: 14020: 14010: 14005: 14000: 13995: 13990: 13985: 13980: 13975: 13970: 13965: 13963:Leprosy stigma 13960: 13955: 13950: 13945: 13940: 13935: 13930: 13925: 13920: 13915: 13910: 13905: 13900: 13895: 13890: 13885: 13880: 13875: 13870: 13865: 13860: 13855: 13850: 13845: 13840: 13835: 13829: 13827: 13823: 13822: 13820: 13819: 13814: 13809: 13804: 13799: 13794: 13789: 13788: 13787: 13782: 13772: 13767: 13762: 13757: 13752: 13747: 13742: 13737: 13732: 13727: 13722: 13716: 13714: 13710: 13709: 13707: 13706: 13701: 13696: 13691: 13685: 13683: 13679: 13678: 13675:Discrimination 13671: 13670: 13663: 13656: 13648: 13639: 13638: 13636: 13635: 13630: 13625: 13620: 13615: 13610: 13609: 13608: 13603: 13593: 13588: 13583: 13578: 13572: 13570: 13566: 13565: 13563: 13562: 13557: 13552: 13547: 13542: 13541: 13540: 13529: 13527: 13521: 13520: 13518: 13517: 13512: 13507: 13502: 13497: 13492: 13487: 13482: 13476: 13474: 13468: 13467: 13465: 13464: 13459: 13454: 13449: 13444: 13442:Illegal mining 13439: 13434: 13429: 13424: 13419: 13413: 13411: 13405: 13404: 13402: 13401: 13396: 13391: 13386: 13381: 13375: 13373: 13367: 13366: 13364: 13363: 13358: 13353: 13348: 13346:Caste politics 13342: 13340: 13334: 13333: 13331: 13330: 13325: 13320: 13315: 13310: 13305: 13300: 13298:Women's health 13295: 13290: 13285: 13280: 13275: 13269: 13267: 13261: 13260: 13258: 13257: 13252: 13247: 13242: 13237: 13232: 13230:Child marriage 13227: 13222: 13216: 13214: 13210: 13209: 13207: 13206: 13201: 13196: 13194:Nuclear family 13191: 13186: 13181: 13176: 13171: 13166: 13160: 13158: 13154: 13153: 13151: 13150: 13148:Water disputes 13145: 13140: 13135: 13130: 13128:Climate change 13125: 13119: 13117: 13111: 13110: 13108: 13107: 13102: 13096: 13094: 13088: 13087: 13085: 13084: 13079: 13074: 13069: 13064: 13059: 13057:Street vendors 13054: 13049: 13048: 13047: 13037: 13032: 13027: 13026: 13025: 13015: 13010: 13005: 13000: 12995: 12990: 12985: 12983:Communications 12979: 12977: 12971: 12970: 12963: 12962: 12955: 12948: 12940: 12931: 12930: 12928: 12927: 12922: 12916: 12914: 12910: 12909: 12907: 12906: 12905: 12904: 12894: 12889: 12883: 12881: 12877: 12876: 12874: 12873: 12868: 12863: 12858: 12853: 12848: 12842: 12840: 12836: 12835: 12833: 12832: 12830:Atrocities Act 12826: 12824: 12820: 12819: 12817: 12816: 12811: 12806: 12801: 12796: 12790: 12788: 12784: 12783: 12781: 12780: 12775: 12770: 12768:Untouchability 12765: 12760: 12755: 12750: 12744: 12738: 12733: 12727: 12725: 12721: 12720: 12718: 12717: 12712: 12707: 12702: 12697: 12692: 12687: 12682: 12677: 12672: 12667: 12662: 12657: 12655:Communal Award 12651: 12649: 12645: 12644: 12642: 12641: 12636: 12634:B. R. Ambedkar 12631: 12626: 12621: 12616: 12611: 12606: 12601: 12596: 12591: 12586: 12581: 12576: 12571: 12565: 12563: 12559: 12558: 12555:Caste in India 12551: 12550: 12543: 12536: 12528: 12522: 12521: 12516: 12509: 12508:External links 12506: 12504: 12503: 12497: 12481: 12475: 12462: 12456: 12443: 12438:978-8189013011 12437: 12424: 12418: 12405: 12399: 12386: 12368:(10): e12491. 12353: 12347: 12331: 12325: 12309: 12303: 12286: 12280: 12267: 12261: 12248: 12242: 12225: 12198: 12192: 12178: 12176: 12173: 12172: 12171: 12165: 12146: 12140: 12125: 12119: 12104: 12098: 12083: 12077: 12060: 12057: 12054: 12053: 12046: 12026: 11998: 11991: 11971: 11969:, p. 306. 11959: 11957:, p. 322. 11947: 11932: 11917: 11886: 11858: 11830: 11802: 11772: 11746: 11718: 11704: 11686: 11672: 11642: 11595: 11562: 11536: 11511: 11472: 11457: 11437: 11410:(2): 117–131. 11390: 11381:Language Forum 11367: 11354: 11342:"Introduction" 11332: 11310: 11284: 11259: 11254:Times of India 11242: 11218: 11187: 11156: 11129: 11118:(3): 104–105. 11095: 11061: 11042: 11017: 10987: 10976:. 20 June 2024 10959: 10933: 10908: 10897:. 4 March 2019 10882: 10863:(2): 239–261. 10847: 10829: 10794: 10772: 10749: 10740: 10738:, p. 133. 10728: 10716: 10714:, p. 110. 10704: 10697: 10665: 10638: 10621: 10591: 10570: 10537: 10514: 10485: 10457: 10422: 10394: 10362: 10334: 10311: 10285: 10255: 10227: 10199: 10180: 10154: 10128: 10117: 10091: 10065: 10037: 10015: 9993: 9964: 9932: 9903: 9874: 9847: 9832: 9812: 9794: 9774: 9763: 9743: 9733:978-0521453622 9732: 9708: 9673: 9655: 9635: 9618:978-0521805308 9617: 9611:. p. 37. 9607:. Cambridge : 9593: 9584: 9554: 9528: 9502: 9476: 9450: 9432: 9421:. 4 April 2014 9406: 9385: 9350: 9332: 9306: 9295:. 20 June 2002 9278: 9250: 9238: 9209: 9194: 9179: 9160: 9146: 9127: 9085: 9070: 9050: 9033: 9021: 9009: 8991: 8965: 8948: 8918: 8909: 8900: 8893: 8873: 8861: 8835: 8824: 8804: 8786: 8759: 8741: 8735:. p. 49. 8717: 8712:News East West 8699: 8686:978-0226615936 8685: 8661: 8650: 8626: 8615: 8591: 8573: 8554: 8516: 8505: 8481: 8470: 8446: 8420: 8394: 8383:on 13 May 2008 8377:Hinduism Today 8363: 8335: 8307: 8275: 8256: 8237: 8215: 8176: 8148: 8101: 8075: 8039: 7992: 7977: 7950: 7922: 7894: 7859: 7831: 7803: 7775: 7749: 7721: 7689: 7661: 7633: 7612: 7584: 7578:Times of India 7563: 7537: 7517: 7511:Times of India 7496: 7477: 7459: 7431: 7396: 7368: 7340: 7327:Times of India 7311: 7277: 7249: 7220: 7209:. 4 April 2018 7206:Times of India 7191: 7172: 7141: 7118: 7105:Times of India 7089: 7071: 7064: 7034: 7006: 6980: 6953: 6939:Times of India 6924: 6905: 6887: 6861: 6841: 6823: 6802: 6788:Times of India 6773: 6745: 6719: 6691: 6677:Times of India 6662: 6630: 6608: 6576: 6550: 6539:on 24 May 2015 6518: 6492: 6471: 6443: 6417: 6388: 6362: 6333: 6309: 6281: 6255: 6228: 6217: 6190: 6164: 6113: 6078: 6060: 6046: 6028: 6016:Guyana Journal 6010:Naidu, Janet. 5999: 5973: 5945: 5919: 5908: 5884: 5861: 5850: 5826: 5796: 5783:Times of India 5767: 5741: 5723: 5720:. NCHRO. 2009. 5709: 5689: 5669: 5658: 5636: 5625: 5601: 5590: 5561: 5554: 5531: 5512:(2): 217–241. 5496: 5485: 5457: 5439: 5419: 5413:978-0143065906 5412: 5387: 5361: 5355:978-0143451426 5354: 5336: 5303: 5280:. New series. 5265: 5236: 5201: 5169: 5158: 5134: 5123: 5096: 5085: 5063: 5037: 5026: 5003: 4996: 4969: 4960: 4949: 4929: 4904: 4877: 4866: 4841: 4830: 4801: 4795:978-1565856370 4794: 4768: 4751:ChakraNews.com 4737: 4730: 4712: 4693: 4692: 4690: 4687: 4685: 4684: 4674: 4655:River region, 4587:in Guangdong ( 4581: 4571: 4558: 4552: 4542: 4536: 4530: 4520: 4517:Fall of Saigon 4506: 4488: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4480: 4475: 4473:Nepaldalitinfo 4470: 4465: 4460: 4458:Lord Buddha TV 4455: 4450: 4445: 4440: 4435: 4430: 4425: 4420: 4418:Dalit Buddhism 4415: 4413:Chaitya Bhoomi 4410: 4405: 4400: 4395: 4390: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4376:List of Dalits 4374:Main article: 4371: 4370:Notable people 4368: 4345:Joatia Chamars 4314:Dalit feminism 4312:Main article: 4309: 4306: 4257: 4254: 4231:Pitambar Tarai 4127:Jyotirao Phule 4065: 4064: 4023: 4021: 4014: 4005:Main article: 4002: 3999: 3971: 3968: 3955: 3952: 3946: 3943: 3873: 3872: 3857:. Discuss and 3844: 3842: 3835: 3829: 3826: 3746:British Empire 3737: 3736:United Kingdom 3734: 3732: 3729: 3712: 3709: 3705:M. N. Srinivas 3696:Caste politics 3694:Main article: 3691: 3688: 3684:Ramnath Kovind 3632:of 1977–1979, 3610:Congress party 3588:Bangaru Laxman 3538: 3535: 3534: 3533: 3525: 3522: 3521: 3520: 3511: 3504: 3501: 3500: 3499: 3490: 3484: 3478: 3468: 3461: 3458: 3457: 3456: 3451: 3446: 3427: 3424: 3407:Dalit Panthers 3405:Main article: 3402: 3399: 3387: 3384: 3340: 3337: 3284: 3281: 3277:Putt Jattan De 3269:Putt Chamar De 3177: 3174: 3138: 3135: 3109:Mahar Regiment 3105:Maratha Empire 3076:issued by the 3032: 3029: 3017: 3014: 2983:Main article: 2980: 2977: 2972:Khap Panchayat 2909: 2906: 2888: 2885: 2859: 2856: 2824: 2821: 2809:Madhya Pradesh 2803:and funded by 2792: 2789: 2777:Maratha Empire 2731:forward castes 2708:India, stated 2693:Manmohan Singh 2675: 2674: 2672: 2671: 2664: 2657: 2649: 2646: 2645: 2639: 2638: 2633: 2632: 2631: 2621: 2616: 2611: 2610: 2609: 2604: 2599: 2589: 2584: 2579: 2574: 2569: 2564: 2563: 2562: 2560:Reverse racism 2552: 2547: 2542: 2537: 2532: 2530:Prisoner abuse 2527: 2522: 2520:Power distance 2517: 2512: 2507: 2502: 2497: 2492: 2487: 2486: 2485: 2475: 2470: 2465: 2460: 2455: 2450: 2445: 2440: 2438:Ethnic penalty 2435: 2434: 2433: 2431:Neurodiversity 2428: 2418: 2416:Dehumanization 2413: 2408: 2406:Cisnormativity 2403: 2398: 2393: 2387: 2386: 2385: 2384: 2382:Related topics 2381: 2380: 2377: 2376: 2370: 2369: 2364: 2359: 2354: 2349: 2344: 2339: 2334: 2329: 2324: 2319: 2314: 2309: 2304: 2299: 2298: 2297: 2287: 2282: 2277: 2272: 2267: 2262: 2256: 2255: 2254: 2253: 2250: 2249: 2246: 2245: 2239: 2238: 2233: 2228: 2226:State religion 2223: 2218: 2213: 2208: 2207: 2206: 2201: 2196: 2191: 2181: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2165: 2164: 2162:Nuremberg Laws 2159: 2149: 2144: 2139: 2131: 2126: 2121: 2116: 2111: 2106: 2104:Ghetto benches 2101: 2099:Gerrymandering 2096: 2091: 2086: 2084:Gender pay gap 2081: 2080: 2079: 2074: 2064: 2059: 2054: 2049: 2043: 2042: 2041: 2040: 2037: 2036: 2033: 2032: 2026: 2025: 2020: 2015: 2010: 2005: 2000: 1995: 1990: 1985: 1980: 1975: 1970: 1965: 1960: 1955: 1950: 1945: 1940: 1935: 1930: 1925: 1920: 1915: 1910: 1909: 1908: 1903: 1898: 1888: 1883: 1878: 1873: 1868: 1863: 1861:Lavender scare 1858: 1856:Kill Haole Day 1853: 1851:Indian rolling 1848: 1843: 1838: 1833: 1828: 1827: 1826: 1816: 1811: 1810: 1809: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1744: 1739: 1737:Eliminationism 1734: 1729: 1724: 1719: 1714: 1709: 1704: 1699: 1694: 1689: 1684: 1679: 1674: 1672:Cancel culture 1669: 1664: 1659: 1658: 1657: 1646: 1645: 1644: 1643: 1641:Manifestations 1640: 1639: 1636: 1635: 1629: 1628: 1623: 1618: 1613: 1608: 1603: 1598: 1593: 1588: 1583: 1578: 1573: 1568: 1563: 1558: 1553: 1548: 1543: 1538: 1533: 1531:Middle Eastern 1528: 1523: 1518: 1513: 1508: 1503: 1498: 1497: 1496: 1486: 1481: 1476: 1471: 1470: 1469: 1464: 1459: 1451: 1446: 1441: 1436: 1431: 1426: 1421: 1416: 1411: 1406: 1401: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1376: 1371: 1366: 1365: 1364: 1359: 1354: 1344: 1339: 1334: 1333: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1312: 1307: 1302: 1297: 1292: 1287: 1281: 1280: 1279: 1278: 1272: 1271: 1268: 1267: 1261: 1260: 1258:Zoroastrianism 1255: 1250: 1245: 1240: 1235: 1234: 1233: 1223: 1222: 1221: 1220: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1204: 1199: 1184: 1183: 1182: 1180:Untouchability 1177: 1167: 1162: 1161: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1130: 1125: 1120: 1114: 1113: 1112: 1111: 1106: 1105: 1102: 1101: 1095: 1094: 1089: 1084: 1083: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1062: 1061: 1060: 1055: 1045: 1040: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1020: 1015: 1010: 1005: 1000: 998:Leprosy stigma 995: 990: 985: 980: 975: 970: 965: 960: 955: 950: 945: 940: 935: 930: 925: 920: 915: 910: 905: 900: 895: 890: 885: 880: 875: 870: 864: 863: 862: 861: 858: 857: 854: 853: 847: 846: 841: 836: 831: 826: 821: 816: 815: 814: 809: 799: 794: 789: 784: 779: 774: 769: 764: 759: 754: 749: 743: 742: 741: 740: 737: 736: 733: 732: 726: 725: 720: 715: 710: 704: 703: 702: 701: 698: 697: 694: 693: 685: 684: 682:Discrimination 678: 677: 666: 663: 615: 612: 552:Communal Award 548:Mahatma Gandhi 537:Jyotirao Phule 502: 499: 449:Andhra Pradesh 420: 419:Regional terms 417: 409:untouchability 380: 377: 373:folk religions 304: 301: 299: 296: 275:Dalit Panthers 269:themselves as 254:Jyotirao Phule 230:Jyotirao Phule 203:B. R. Ambedkar 194: 191: 128:of Japan, the 104:Jyotirao Phule 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 16653: 16642: 16639: 16637: 16634: 16632: 16629: 16627: 16624: 16622: 16619: 16617: 16614: 16612: 16609: 16607: 16604: 16602: 16599: 16597: 16594: 16593: 16591: 16578: 16566: 16556: 16552: 16549: 16546: 16543: 16541: 16537: 16535: 16532: 16530: 16527: 16525: 16522: 16520: 16517: 16515: 16512: 16510: 16507: 16505: 16502: 16500: 16497: 16495: 16492: 16490: 16487: 16485: 16482: 16480: 16477: 16476: 16474: 16472: 16467: 16460: 16458: 16455: 16454: 16452: 16448: 16439: 16438: 16437: 16434: 16433: 16431: 16427: 16420: 16419:Nepali Muslim 16417: 16414: 16410: 16407: 16403: 16400: 16397: 16393: 16390: 16388: 16384: 16380: 16376: 16373: 16369: 16365: 16364: 16362: 16360: 16355: 16352: 16348: 16342: 16339: 16337: 16334: 16332: 16329: 16328: 16326: 16322: 16314: 16311: 16310: 16309: 16306: 16304: 16300: 16298: 16295: 16293: 16290: 16288: 16285: 16284: 16282: 16279: 16272: 16268: 16264: 16259: 16254: 16251: 16249: 16245: 16242: 16240: 16237: 16235: 16231: 16229: 16226: 16224: 16221: 16219: 16218:Western Majhi 16216: 16214: 16211: 16208: 16205: 16203: 16200: 16192: 16186: 16183: 16181: 16178: 16176: 16173: 16172: 16161: 16158: 16156: 16153: 16152: 16151: 16148: 16146: 16143: 16138: 16136: 16133: 16131: 16128: 16127: 16126: 16123: 16121: 16118: 16117: 16115: 16113: 16109: 16102: 16097: 16093: 16089: 16085: 16081: 16077: 16073: 16069: 16065: 16064: 16063: 16062: 16060: 16058: 16054: 16048: 16045: 16043: 16040: 16038: 16035: 16033: 16032:Eastern Majhi 16030: 16026: 16023: 16021: 16018: 16016: 16013: 16011: 16008: 16007: 16006: 16003: 16002: 16000: 15998: 15994: 15989: 15986: 15984: 15981: 15976: 15972: 15969: 15967: 15963: 15960: 15958: 15954: 15951: 15950: 15949: 15946: 15944: 15942: 15938: 15935: 15933: 15929: 15923: 15920: 15918: 15917:Lepcha (Rong) 15915: 15913: 15910: 15906: 15903: 15901: 15898: 15896: 15893: 15892: 15890: 15888: 15885: 15883: 15880: 15876: 15873: 15871: 15868: 15867: 15866: 15863: 15859: 15856: 15853: 15850: 15847: 15845: 15842: 15841: 15839: 15838: 15829: 15826: 15823: 15821: 15818: 15814: 15811: 15810: 15809: 15806: 15802: 15799: 15797: 15794: 15792: 15789: 15788: 15787: 15784: 15782: 15779: 15778: 15776: 15774: 15770: 15764: 15761: 15757: 15754: 15752: 15749: 15748: 15746: 15742: 15739: 15735: 15732: 15731: 15730: 15727: 15726: 15724: 15719: 15716: 15714: 15711: 15710: 15708: 15707: 15705: 15703: 15699: 15693: 15690: 15688: 15685: 15683: 15679: 15677: 15674: 15672: 15669: 15667: 15664: 15662: 15659: 15657: 15654: 15653: 15651: 15649: 15645: 15642: 15638: 15634: 15630: 15626: 15619: 15614: 15612: 15607: 15605: 15600: 15599: 15596: 15584: 15576: 15574: 15566: 15565: 15562: 15556: 15553: 15549: 15546: 15545: 15544: 15541: 15539: 15536: 15534: 15533:Social stigma 15531: 15527: 15524: 15522: 15519: 15517: 15514: 15513: 15512: 15509: 15507: 15504: 15502: 15499: 15497: 15494: 15492: 15489: 15487: 15484: 15480: 15477: 15476: 15475: 15472: 15470: 15467: 15465: 15462: 15460: 15457: 15455: 15452: 15450: 15447: 15445: 15442: 15440: 15437: 15435: 15432: 15430: 15427: 15425: 15422: 15420: 15417: 15415: 15412: 15410: 15407: 15403: 15400: 15399: 15398: 15395: 15393: 15390: 15388: 15385: 15383: 15380: 15378: 15375: 15373: 15370: 15368: 15365: 15363: 15360: 15358: 15355: 15351: 15348: 15346: 15343: 15342: 15341: 15338: 15336: 15333: 15331: 15328: 15326: 15323: 15321: 15318: 15316: 15313: 15311: 15308: 15307: 15305: 15301: 15295: 15292: 15290: 15287: 15285: 15282: 15280: 15277: 15275: 15272: 15270: 15267: 15265: 15262: 15260: 15257: 15255: 15252: 15250: 15247: 15245: 15242: 15240: 15237: 15235: 15232: 15230: 15227: 15223: 15220: 15219: 15218: 15215: 15213: 15210: 15208: 15205: 15203: 15200: 15198: 15195: 15193: 15190: 15188: 15185: 15184: 15182: 15178: 15172: 15169: 15167: 15164: 15162: 15159: 15157: 15156:State atheism 15154: 15152: 15149: 15147: 15144: 15140: 15137: 15135: 15132: 15130: 15127: 15125: 15122: 15121: 15120: 15117: 15115: 15112: 15110: 15107: 15105: 15102: 15098: 15095: 15093: 15092:Jim Crow laws 15090: 15089: 15088: 15085: 15083: 15080: 15078: 15077:One-drop rule 15075: 15073: 15071: 15067: 15065: 15062: 15060: 15057: 15055: 15052: 15050: 15047: 15045: 15042: 15040: 15037: 15035: 15032: 15030: 15027: 15025: 15022: 15020: 15017: 15013: 15010: 15008: 15005: 15004: 15003: 15000: 14998: 14995: 14993: 14992:Blood quantum 14990: 14988: 14985: 14983: 14980: 14979: 14977: 14971: 14965: 14962: 14960: 14957: 14955: 14952: 14950: 14947: 14945: 14942: 14940: 14939:Victimisation 14937: 14935: 14934:Trans bashing 14932: 14930: 14927: 14925: 14922: 14920: 14917: 14915: 14912: 14910: 14907: 14905: 14904:Religious war 14902: 14900: 14897: 14895: 14892: 14890: 14887: 14885: 14884:Racialization 14882: 14880: 14877: 14875: 14872: 14870: 14867: 14865: 14862: 14860: 14857: 14855: 14852: 14848: 14845: 14843: 14840: 14838: 14835: 14834: 14833: 14830: 14828: 14825: 14823: 14820: 14818: 14815: 14813: 14810: 14808: 14805: 14803: 14800: 14798: 14795: 14793: 14790: 14788: 14785: 14783: 14780: 14778: 14775: 14773: 14770: 14766: 14763: 14762: 14761: 14758: 14756: 14755:Glass ceiling 14753: 14749: 14746: 14745: 14744: 14741: 14739: 14736: 14734: 14731: 14729: 14726: 14724: 14721: 14719: 14716: 14714: 14711: 14709: 14706: 14704: 14701: 14699: 14698:Ethnic hatred 14696: 14694: 14691: 14689: 14686: 14684: 14681: 14679: 14676: 14674: 14671: 14669: 14666: 14664: 14661: 14659: 14656: 14654: 14651: 14649: 14646: 14644: 14641: 14639: 14636: 14634: 14633:Counter-jihad 14631: 14629: 14626: 14624: 14621: 14619: 14616: 14614: 14611: 14609: 14606: 14604: 14601: 14597: 14594: 14593: 14592: 14589: 14588: 14586: 14582: 14576: 14573: 14571: 14568: 14566: 14563: 14561: 14558: 14556: 14553: 14551: 14548: 14546: 14543: 14541: 14538: 14536: 14533: 14531: 14528: 14526: 14523: 14521: 14518: 14516: 14513: 14511: 14508: 14506: 14503: 14501: 14498: 14496: 14493: 14491: 14488: 14486: 14483: 14481: 14478: 14476: 14473: 14471: 14468: 14466: 14463: 14461: 14458: 14456: 14453: 14451: 14448: 14444: 14441: 14440: 14439: 14436: 14434: 14431: 14429: 14426: 14424: 14421: 14417: 14416:United States 14414: 14412: 14409: 14407: 14404: 14403: 14401: 14399: 14396: 14394: 14391: 14389: 14386: 14384: 14381: 14379: 14376: 14374: 14371: 14369: 14366: 14364: 14361: 14359: 14356: 14354: 14351: 14349: 14346: 14344: 14341: 14339: 14336: 14334: 14331: 14329: 14326: 14324: 14321: 14319: 14316: 14312: 14309: 14307: 14304: 14302: 14299: 14298: 14297: 14294: 14292: 14289: 14287: 14284: 14280: 14279:United States 14277: 14275: 14272: 14270: 14267: 14266: 14265: 14262: 14260: 14257: 14255: 14252: 14250: 14247: 14245: 14242: 14240: 14237: 14235: 14232: 14231: 14229: 14227: 14222: 14216: 14213: 14211: 14208: 14206: 14203: 14201: 14200:Protestantism 14198: 14196: 14193: 14189: 14186: 14185: 14184: 14181: 14175: 14172: 14170: 14167: 14165: 14162: 14160: 14157: 14155: 14152: 14151: 14150: 14147: 14146: 14145: 14142: 14138: 14135: 14133: 14130: 14129: 14128: 14125: 14123: 14120: 14116: 14113: 14111: 14110:LDS or Mormon 14108: 14106: 14103: 14101: 14098: 14096: 14093: 14092: 14091: 14088: 14086: 14083: 14081: 14078: 14076: 14073: 14072: 14070: 14068: 14064: 14058: 14055: 14053: 14050: 14046: 14043: 14041: 14040:Transmisogyny 14038: 14036: 14033: 14032: 14031: 14028: 14024: 14021: 14019: 14016: 14015: 14014: 14011: 14009: 14006: 14004: 14001: 13999: 13996: 13994: 13991: 13989: 13986: 13984: 13981: 13979: 13976: 13974: 13971: 13969: 13966: 13964: 13961: 13959: 13956: 13954: 13951: 13949: 13946: 13944: 13943:Gerontophobia 13941: 13939: 13936: 13934: 13931: 13929: 13926: 13924: 13921: 13919: 13916: 13914: 13911: 13909: 13906: 13904: 13901: 13899: 13896: 13894: 13891: 13889: 13886: 13884: 13881: 13879: 13876: 13874: 13873:Anti-intersex 13871: 13869: 13866: 13864: 13861: 13859: 13856: 13854: 13851: 13849: 13848:Anti-albinism 13846: 13844: 13841: 13839: 13836: 13834: 13831: 13830: 13828: 13824: 13818: 13815: 13813: 13810: 13808: 13805: 13803: 13800: 13798: 13795: 13793: 13790: 13786: 13783: 13781: 13778: 13777: 13776: 13773: 13771: 13768: 13766: 13763: 13761: 13758: 13756: 13753: 13751: 13748: 13746: 13743: 13741: 13738: 13736: 13733: 13731: 13728: 13726: 13723: 13721: 13718: 13717: 13715: 13711: 13705: 13702: 13700: 13697: 13695: 13692: 13690: 13689:Institutional 13687: 13686: 13684: 13680: 13676: 13669: 13664: 13662: 13657: 13655: 13650: 13649: 13646: 13634: 13631: 13629: 13626: 13624: 13623:Superstitions 13621: 13619: 13616: 13614: 13611: 13607: 13604: 13602: 13601:Homosexuality 13599: 13598: 13597: 13594: 13592: 13589: 13587: 13584: 13582: 13579: 13577: 13574: 13573: 13571: 13567: 13561: 13558: 13556: 13553: 13551: 13548: 13546: 13543: 13539: 13536: 13535: 13534: 13531: 13530: 13528: 13526: 13522: 13516: 13513: 13511: 13508: 13506: 13503: 13501: 13498: 13496: 13493: 13491: 13488: 13486: 13483: 13481: 13478: 13477: 13475: 13473: 13469: 13463: 13460: 13458: 13455: 13453: 13450: 13448: 13445: 13443: 13440: 13438: 13435: 13433: 13430: 13428: 13425: 13423: 13420: 13418: 13415: 13414: 13412: 13410: 13406: 13400: 13397: 13395: 13392: 13390: 13387: 13385: 13382: 13380: 13377: 13376: 13374: 13372: 13368: 13362: 13359: 13357: 13354: 13352: 13349: 13347: 13344: 13343: 13341: 13339: 13335: 13329: 13326: 13324: 13321: 13319: 13316: 13314: 13311: 13309: 13306: 13304: 13301: 13299: 13296: 13294: 13291: 13289: 13286: 13284: 13281: 13279: 13278:Bride burning 13276: 13274: 13271: 13270: 13268: 13266: 13262: 13256: 13253: 13251: 13248: 13246: 13243: 13241: 13238: 13236: 13233: 13231: 13228: 13226: 13223: 13221: 13218: 13217: 13215: 13211: 13205: 13202: 13200: 13197: 13195: 13192: 13190: 13187: 13185: 13182: 13180: 13177: 13175: 13172: 13170: 13167: 13165: 13162: 13161: 13159: 13155: 13149: 13146: 13144: 13141: 13139: 13136: 13134: 13131: 13129: 13126: 13124: 13121: 13120: 13118: 13116: 13112: 13106: 13103: 13101: 13098: 13097: 13095: 13093: 13089: 13083: 13080: 13078: 13075: 13073: 13070: 13068: 13065: 13063: 13060: 13058: 13055: 13053: 13050: 13046: 13043: 13042: 13041: 13038: 13036: 13033: 13031: 13028: 13024: 13021: 13020: 13019: 13016: 13014: 13011: 13009: 13006: 13004: 13001: 12999: 12996: 12994: 12991: 12989: 12986: 12984: 12981: 12980: 12978: 12976: 12972: 12968: 12961: 12956: 12954: 12949: 12947: 12942: 12941: 12938: 12926: 12923: 12921: 12918: 12917: 12915: 12911: 12903: 12900: 12899: 12898: 12895: 12893: 12890: 12888: 12885: 12884: 12882: 12878: 12872: 12869: 12867: 12864: 12862: 12859: 12857: 12856:Justice Party 12854: 12852: 12851:Dalit Panther 12849: 12847: 12844: 12843: 12841: 12839:Organisations 12837: 12831: 12828: 12827: 12825: 12821: 12815: 12812: 12810: 12807: 12805: 12802: 12800: 12797: 12795: 12792: 12791: 12789: 12785: 12779: 12776: 12774: 12771: 12769: 12766: 12764: 12761: 12759: 12756: 12754: 12751: 12748: 12745: 12742: 12739: 12737: 12734: 12732: 12729: 12728: 12726: 12722: 12716: 12713: 12711: 12708: 12706: 12703: 12701: 12700:Jat agitation 12698: 12696: 12693: 12691: 12688: 12686: 12683: 12681: 12678: 12676: 12673: 12671: 12668: 12666: 12663: 12661: 12658: 12656: 12653: 12652: 12650: 12646: 12640: 12637: 12635: 12632: 12630: 12627: 12625: 12622: 12620: 12617: 12615: 12612: 12610: 12607: 12605: 12602: 12600: 12597: 12595: 12592: 12590: 12587: 12585: 12582: 12580: 12577: 12575: 12572: 12570: 12567: 12566: 12564: 12560: 12556: 12549: 12544: 12542: 12537: 12535: 12530: 12529: 12526: 12520: 12517: 12515: 12512: 12511: 12500: 12498:81-7304-143-1 12494: 12490: 12486: 12482: 12478: 12472: 12468: 12463: 12459: 12453: 12449: 12444: 12440: 12434: 12430: 12425: 12421: 12419:0-932863-05-1 12415: 12411: 12406: 12402: 12396: 12392: 12387: 12383: 12379: 12375: 12371: 12367: 12363: 12359: 12354: 12350: 12344: 12340: 12336: 12332: 12328: 12326:81-7036-368-3 12322: 12318: 12314: 12310: 12306: 12300: 12296: 12292: 12287: 12283: 12281:81-7304-640-9 12277: 12273: 12268: 12264: 12262:81-250-2656-8 12258: 12254: 12249: 12245: 12239: 12235: 12231: 12226: 12219: 12215: 12211: 12204: 12199: 12195: 12189: 12185: 12180: 12179: 12168: 12162: 12158: 12154: 12153: 12147: 12143: 12137: 12133: 12132: 12126: 12122: 12116: 12112: 12111: 12105: 12101: 12095: 12091: 12090: 12084: 12080: 12074: 12070: 12069: 12063: 12062: 12049: 12043: 12039: 12038: 12030: 12015: 12014: 12009: 12002: 11994: 11988: 11984: 11983: 11975: 11968: 11963: 11956: 11951: 11945:, p. 10. 11944: 11943:Gorringe 2005 11939: 11937: 11929:. p. 54. 11928: 11921: 11913: 11909: 11905: 11901: 11897: 11890: 11875: 11874: 11869: 11862: 11847: 11846: 11841: 11834: 11819: 11818: 11813: 11806: 11790: 11786: 11782: 11776: 11760: 11756: 11750: 11735: 11734: 11729: 11722: 11714: 11708: 11700: 11696: 11690: 11675: 11673:9781315684314 11669: 11665: 11661: 11657: 11653: 11646: 11638: 11634: 11630: 11626: 11622: 11618: 11614: 11610: 11606: 11599: 11584: 11580: 11576: 11572: 11566: 11551: 11547: 11540: 11525: 11521: 11515: 11507: 11503: 11499: 11495: 11492:(22): 55–63. 11491: 11487: 11483: 11476: 11468: 11464: 11460: 11454: 11450: 11449: 11441: 11433: 11429: 11425: 11421: 11417: 11413: 11409: 11405: 11404:Prose Studies 11401: 11394: 11386: 11382: 11378: 11371: 11357: 11351: 11347: 11343: 11336: 11321: 11314: 11299: 11295: 11288: 11277: 11270: 11263: 11257:, 7 July 1989 11256: 11255: 11251: 11246: 11238: 11234: 11233: 11228: 11222: 11215: 11211: 11210:81-260-1194-7 11207: 11203: 11199: 11196: 11191: 11184: 11180: 11176: 11172: 11168: 11165: 11160: 11153: 11149: 11148:0-313-28778-3 11145: 11141: 11138: 11133: 11125: 11121: 11117: 11113: 11106: 11099: 11091: 11087: 11083: 11079: 11072: 11065: 11057: 11053: 11046: 11031: 11027: 11021: 11005: 11001: 10997: 10991: 10975: 10974: 10969: 10963: 10947: 10943: 10937: 10922: 10918: 10912: 10896: 10892: 10886: 10878: 10874: 10870: 10866: 10862: 10858: 10851: 10843: 10836: 10834: 10817: 10813: 10812: 10806: 10798: 10791: 10786: 10779: 10777: 10760: 10753: 10744: 10737: 10732: 10725: 10720: 10713: 10708: 10700: 10694: 10690: 10686: 10685: 10680: 10674: 10672: 10670: 10653: 10649: 10642: 10635: 10631: 10628:Pimenta, T., 10625: 10609: 10605: 10601: 10595: 10584: 10580: 10574: 10559: 10558: 10553: 10546: 10544: 10542: 10525: 10518: 10502: 10501: 10496: 10489: 10473: 10472: 10467: 10461: 10445: 10441: 10440: 10434: 10426: 10411: 10410: 10405: 10398: 10382: 10381: 10376: 10369: 10367: 10350: 10349: 10344: 10338: 10323:. indianet.nl 10322: 10315: 10299: 10295: 10289: 10273: 10269: 10265: 10259: 10243: 10242: 10237: 10231: 10215: 10214: 10209: 10203: 10195: 10191: 10184: 10168: 10164: 10158: 10143: 10139: 10132: 10124: 10120: 10114: 10110: 10106: 10102: 10095: 10080: 10076: 10069: 10054: 10053: 10048: 10041: 10025: 10019: 10003: 9997: 9981: 9980: 9975: 9968: 9952: 9948: 9947: 9942: 9936: 9921: 9917: 9910: 9908: 9892: 9891: 9885: 9878: 9862: 9861:Asian Tribune 9858: 9851: 9843: 9836: 9828: 9827: 9822: 9816: 9808: 9797: 9795:9788170170617 9791: 9787: 9786: 9778: 9770: 9766: 9764:9788170229247 9760: 9756: 9755: 9747: 9739: 9735: 9729: 9725: 9721: 9720: 9712: 9704: 9698: 9690: 9686: 9685: 9677: 9669: 9658: 9656:9788170229247 9652: 9648: 9647: 9639: 9631: 9620: 9614: 9610: 9606: 9605: 9597: 9588: 9572: 9568: 9564: 9558: 9543: 9539: 9532: 9517:. 3 June 2012 9516: 9512: 9506: 9490: 9486: 9480: 9465: 9461: 9454: 9446: 9442: 9436: 9420: 9419:India TV News 9416: 9410: 9402: 9401: 9396: 9389: 9381: 9377: 9373: 9369: 9365: 9361: 9354: 9346: 9345:Mumbai Mirror 9342: 9336: 9320: 9316: 9310: 9294: 9293: 9288: 9282: 9267: 9266: 9261: 9254: 9248: 9242: 9234: 9228: 9220: 9213: 9205: 9198: 9186: 9184: 9175: 9171: 9164: 9156: 9150: 9142: 9138: 9131: 9112: 9108: 9101: 9094: 9092: 9090: 9081: 9074: 9065: 9061: 9054: 9046: 9045: 9037: 9030: 9025: 9018: 9013: 9005: 9001: 8995: 8979: 8975: 8969: 8961: 8952: 8936: 8932: 8928: 8922: 8913: 8904: 8896: 8890: 8886: 8885: 8877: 8870: 8865: 8857: 8853: 8849: 8842: 8840: 8831: 8827: 8825:9781444131017 8821: 8817: 8816: 8808: 8800: 8796: 8790: 8782: 8778: 8774: 8770: 8763: 8755: 8744: 8738: 8734: 8730: 8729: 8721: 8713: 8709: 8703: 8688: 8682: 8678: 8674: 8673: 8665: 8657: 8653: 8647: 8643: 8639: 8638: 8630: 8622: 8618: 8612: 8608: 8604: 8603: 8595: 8587: 8583: 8577: 8569: 8565: 8558: 8548: 8543: 8539: 8535: 8531: 8527: 8520: 8512: 8508: 8502: 8498: 8494: 8493: 8485: 8477: 8473: 8467: 8463: 8459: 8458: 8450: 8434: 8430: 8424: 8408: 8404: 8398: 8382: 8378: 8374: 8367: 8352: 8351: 8346: 8339: 8324: 8323: 8318: 8311: 8295: 8291: 8290: 8285: 8279: 8271: 8267: 8260: 8252: 8248: 8241: 8226: 8219: 8211: 8207: 8203: 8199: 8195: 8191: 8187: 8180: 8165: 8164: 8159: 8152: 8144: 8140: 8136: 8132: 8128: 8124: 8121:(2): 91–101. 8120: 8116: 8112: 8105: 8090: 8086: 8079: 8064: 8060: 8056: 8055: 8050: 8043: 8035: 8031: 8027: 8023: 8019: 8015: 8012:(2): 94–106. 8011: 8007: 8003: 7996: 7989: 7988: 7984:S. Gurusamy. 7981: 7966: 7965: 7960: 7954: 7939: 7938: 7933: 7926: 7910: 7909: 7904: 7898: 7883: 7882: 7877: 7870: 7868: 7866: 7864: 7848:. 19 May 2019 7847: 7846: 7841: 7835: 7819: 7818: 7813: 7807: 7792: 7791: 7786: 7779: 7764: 7760: 7753: 7738: 7737: 7732: 7725: 7709: 7705: 7704: 7699: 7693: 7678: 7677: 7672: 7665: 7649: 7648: 7643: 7637: 7629: 7628: 7623: 7616: 7600: 7599: 7594: 7588: 7580: 7579: 7573: 7567: 7552: 7548: 7541: 7533: 7532: 7527: 7521: 7513: 7512: 7506: 7500: 7492: 7488: 7481: 7473: 7469: 7463: 7447: 7446: 7441: 7435: 7419: 7415: 7414: 7409: 7403: 7401: 7385: 7384: 7379: 7372: 7357: 7356: 7351: 7344: 7329: 7328: 7322: 7315: 7299: 7295: 7293: 7288: 7281: 7266: 7265: 7260: 7253: 7238: 7234: 7230: 7224: 7208: 7207: 7201: 7195: 7187: 7183: 7176: 7160: 7156: 7152: 7145: 7137: 7133: 7129: 7122: 7107: 7106: 7100: 7093: 7086: 7083:PRIA (2019): 7080: 7078: 7076: 7067: 7061: 7057: 7053: 7048: 7047: 7038: 7023:. 6 July 2015 7022: 7021: 7016: 7010: 6995: 6991: 6984: 6968: 6964: 6957: 6941: 6940: 6934: 6928: 6920: 6916: 6909: 6901: 6897: 6891: 6876: 6872: 6865: 6857: 6856: 6851: 6845: 6837: 6833: 6827: 6812: 6806: 6790: 6789: 6783: 6777: 6761: 6760: 6755: 6749: 6734: 6730: 6723: 6715: 6711: 6710: 6705: 6698: 6696: 6679: 6678: 6672: 6666: 6658: 6654: 6650: 6649: 6641: 6634: 6626: 6622: 6618: 6612: 6596: 6592: 6591: 6586: 6580: 6565: 6561: 6554: 6538: 6534: 6533: 6528: 6522: 6507: 6503: 6496: 6488: 6487: 6482: 6475: 6460: 6459: 6454: 6447: 6432: 6428: 6421: 6405: 6404: 6399: 6392: 6376: 6372: 6366: 6350: 6349: 6344: 6337: 6329: 6325: 6324: 6319: 6313: 6298: 6291: 6285: 6269: 6265: 6259: 6244: 6243: 6238: 6232: 6224: 6220: 6214: 6210: 6206: 6205: 6200: 6194: 6179:. 27 May 2002 6178: 6174: 6168: 6160: 6156: 6151: 6146: 6142: 6138: 6135:(2): 245–70. 6134: 6130: 6129: 6124: 6117: 6106: 6102: 6098: 6097: 6089: 6082: 6071: 6064: 6056: 6050: 6042: 6038: 6032: 6017: 6013: 6006: 6004: 5988: 5984: 5977: 5962: 5961: 5956: 5949: 5934: 5933:Outlook India 5930: 5923: 5915: 5911: 5905: 5901: 5897: 5896: 5888: 5881: 5877: 5873: 5872: 5865: 5857: 5853: 5847: 5843: 5839: 5838: 5830: 5814: 5810: 5806: 5800: 5785: 5784: 5778: 5771: 5755: 5751: 5745: 5737: 5733: 5727: 5719: 5713: 5705: 5704: 5699: 5693: 5682: 5676: 5674: 5665: 5661: 5655: 5651: 5647: 5640: 5632: 5628: 5622: 5618: 5614: 5613: 5605: 5597: 5593: 5587: 5583: 5579: 5575: 5568: 5566: 5557: 5551: 5547: 5546: 5541: 5535: 5527: 5523: 5519: 5515: 5511: 5507: 5500: 5492: 5488: 5482: 5479:. p. 3. 5478: 5474: 5473: 5468: 5461: 5453: 5442: 5436: 5432: 5431: 5423: 5415: 5409: 5405: 5402:. New Delhi: 5401: 5397: 5391: 5375: 5371: 5365: 5357: 5351: 5347: 5340: 5324: 5320: 5319: 5313: 5307: 5299: 5295: 5291: 5287: 5283: 5279: 5275: 5274:Fuller, C. J. 5269: 5261: 5256: 5252: 5247: 5245: 5243: 5241: 5232: 5228: 5224: 5220: 5216: 5210: 5208: 5206: 5189: 5185: 5184: 5183:Express India 5179: 5173: 5165: 5161: 5155: 5151: 5147: 5146: 5138: 5130: 5126: 5120: 5116: 5112: 5111: 5106: 5100: 5092: 5088: 5082: 5078: 5074: 5067: 5051: 5047: 5041: 5033: 5029: 5023: 5019: 5018: 5010: 5008: 4999: 4993: 4989: 4988: 4983: 4976: 4974: 4964: 4956: 4952: 4946: 4942: 4941: 4933: 4918: 4914: 4908: 4900: 4896: 4895: 4890: 4884: 4882: 4873: 4869: 4863: 4859: 4858: 4850: 4848: 4846: 4837: 4833: 4827: 4823: 4819: 4818: 4810: 4808: 4806: 4797: 4791: 4787: 4782: 4781: 4772: 4757:on 5 May 2018 4756: 4752: 4748: 4741: 4733: 4731:9780520959163 4727: 4723: 4716: 4708: 4704: 4698: 4694: 4681: 4680: 4675: 4671: 4666: 4662: 4658: 4654: 4640: 4636: 4635: 4634:jiuxing yumin 4629: 4624: 4620: 4616: 4612: 4608: 4603: 4598: 4594: 4590: 4586: 4582: 4579: 4575: 4572: 4567: 4562: 4559: 4556: 4553: 4549: 4548: 4543: 4540: 4537: 4534: 4531: 4527: 4526: 4521: 4518: 4513: 4512: 4507: 4504: 4501: 4496: 4495: 4490: 4489: 4479: 4476: 4474: 4471: 4469: 4466: 4464: 4461: 4459: 4456: 4454: 4451: 4449: 4448:Deekshabhoomi 4446: 4444: 4441: 4439: 4436: 4434: 4431: 4429: 4426: 4424: 4421: 4419: 4416: 4414: 4411: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4393:Dalit studies 4391: 4389: 4386: 4385: 4377: 4367: 4365: 4362:Although the 4360: 4358: 4354: 4350: 4346: 4342: 4337: 4335: 4331: 4327: 4323: 4320: 4315: 4305: 4303: 4302: 4296: 4294: 4293: 4287: 4286: 4281: 4277: 4276:Chirag Paswan 4273: 4267: 4263: 4253: 4251: 4250:Dominic Jeeva 4247: 4242: 4240: 4236: 4232: 4228: 4224: 4219: 4215: 4214:Bojja Tarakam 4211: 4207: 4203: 4202:Gogu Shyamala 4199: 4198:Joseph Macwan 4195: 4191: 4187: 4183: 4179: 4175: 4171: 4167: 4163: 4159: 4158:Baburao Bagul 4155: 4151: 4150:Dalit Panther 4147: 4143: 4142:Namdeo Dhasal 4139: 4138:Baburao Bagul 4135: 4130: 4128: 4124: 4120: 4116: 4112: 4108: 4104: 4100: 4096: 4092: 4088: 4084: 4080: 4076: 4072: 4061: 4058: 4050: 4047:November 2021 4040: 4036: 4030: 4029: 4024:This section 4022: 4018: 4013: 4012: 4008: 3998: 3996: 3995:Cisco Systems 3992: 3987: 3983: 3981: 3977: 3967: 3965: 3961: 3960:Romani people 3951: 3942: 3940: 3936: 3931: 3929: 3921: 3920: 3915: 3911: 3910:Mazhabi Sikhs 3906: 3902: 3899: 3892: 3888: 3884: 3879: 3869: 3860: 3856: 3852: 3850: 3843: 3834: 3833: 3825: 3823: 3822:Lady Thornton 3819: 3814: 3812: 3808: 3804: 3800: 3795: 3793: 3788: 3784: 3780: 3777: 3773: 3768: 3764: 3760: 3758: 3753: 3751: 3747: 3743: 3728: 3724: 3722: 3718: 3708: 3706: 3702: 3697: 3687: 3685: 3681: 3677: 3673: 3669: 3664: 3662: 3657: 3653: 3648: 3646: 3642: 3638: 3633: 3631: 3627: 3623: 3622:Indira Gandhi 3619: 3615: 3611: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3595: 3591: 3589: 3585: 3580: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3566: 3562: 3558: 3554: 3548: 3544: 3531: 3528: 3527: 3519: 3515: 3512: 3510: 3507: 3506: 3498: 3494: 3491: 3488: 3485: 3482: 3479: 3476: 3472: 3469: 3467: 3464: 3463: 3455: 3452: 3450: 3447: 3445: 3441: 3438: 3437: 3432: 3423: 3417: 3413: 3408: 3398: 3393: 3383: 3379: 3375: 3373: 3369: 3365: 3359: 3356: 3350: 3346: 3336: 3334: 3330: 3326: 3322: 3317: 3313: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3297: 3293: 3288: 3280: 3278: 3274: 3270: 3266: 3262: 3261:Punjab Police 3257: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3229: 3226: 3224: 3220: 3214: 3212: 3208: 3204: 3200: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3183: 3173: 3171: 3167: 3166:Iyothee Thass 3162: 3160: 3156: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3134: 3132: 3127: 3125: 3121: 3120:Valmiki caste 3117: 3112: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3097: 3093: 3091: 3085: 3083: 3079: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3052: 3048: 3044: 3040: 3038: 3028: 3023: 3013: 3011: 3006: 3003:In 2015, the 3001: 2997: 2992: 2986: 2976: 2973: 2970: 2966: 2962: 2957: 2953: 2948: 2943: 2938: 2936: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2919: 2914: 2905: 2903: 2899: 2895: 2884: 2882: 2876: 2874: 2870: 2866: 2855: 2853: 2849: 2844: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2830: 2820: 2816: 2814: 2813:mid-day meals 2810: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2788: 2786: 2782: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2765: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2746: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2722: 2718: 2714: 2711: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2690: 2685: 2681: 2670: 2665: 2663: 2658: 2656: 2651: 2650: 2648: 2647: 2637: 2634: 2630: 2627: 2626: 2625: 2622: 2620: 2617: 2615: 2614:Social stigma 2612: 2608: 2605: 2603: 2600: 2598: 2595: 2594: 2593: 2590: 2588: 2585: 2583: 2580: 2578: 2575: 2573: 2570: 2568: 2565: 2561: 2558: 2557: 2556: 2553: 2551: 2548: 2546: 2543: 2541: 2538: 2536: 2533: 2531: 2528: 2526: 2523: 2521: 2518: 2516: 2513: 2511: 2508: 2506: 2503: 2501: 2498: 2496: 2493: 2491: 2488: 2484: 2481: 2480: 2479: 2476: 2474: 2471: 2469: 2466: 2464: 2461: 2459: 2456: 2454: 2451: 2449: 2446: 2444: 2441: 2439: 2436: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2423: 2422: 2419: 2417: 2414: 2412: 2409: 2407: 2404: 2402: 2399: 2397: 2394: 2392: 2389: 2388: 2379: 2378: 2368: 2365: 2363: 2360: 2358: 2355: 2353: 2350: 2348: 2345: 2343: 2340: 2338: 2335: 2333: 2330: 2328: 2325: 2323: 2320: 2318: 2315: 2313: 2310: 2308: 2305: 2303: 2300: 2296: 2293: 2292: 2291: 2288: 2286: 2283: 2281: 2278: 2276: 2273: 2271: 2268: 2266: 2263: 2261: 2258: 2257: 2248: 2247: 2237: 2234: 2232: 2229: 2227: 2224: 2222: 2221:State atheism 2219: 2217: 2214: 2212: 2209: 2205: 2202: 2200: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2190: 2187: 2186: 2185: 2182: 2180: 2177: 2175: 2172: 2170: 2167: 2163: 2160: 2158: 2157:Jim Crow laws 2155: 2154: 2153: 2150: 2148: 2145: 2143: 2142:One-drop rule 2140: 2138: 2136: 2132: 2130: 2127: 2125: 2122: 2120: 2117: 2115: 2112: 2110: 2107: 2105: 2102: 2100: 2097: 2095: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2085: 2082: 2078: 2075: 2073: 2070: 2069: 2068: 2065: 2063: 2060: 2058: 2057:Blood quantum 2055: 2053: 2050: 2048: 2045: 2044: 2035: 2034: 2024: 2021: 2019: 2016: 2014: 2011: 2009: 2006: 2004: 2001: 1999: 1998:Victimisation 1996: 1994: 1993:Trans bashing 1991: 1989: 1986: 1984: 1981: 1979: 1976: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1966: 1964: 1963:Religious war 1961: 1959: 1956: 1954: 1951: 1949: 1946: 1944: 1943:Racialization 1941: 1939: 1936: 1934: 1931: 1929: 1926: 1924: 1921: 1919: 1916: 1914: 1911: 1907: 1904: 1902: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1893: 1892: 1889: 1887: 1884: 1882: 1879: 1877: 1874: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1829: 1825: 1822: 1821: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1814:Glass ceiling 1812: 1808: 1805: 1804: 1803: 1800: 1798: 1795: 1793: 1790: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1757:Ethnic hatred 1755: 1753: 1750: 1748: 1745: 1743: 1740: 1738: 1735: 1733: 1730: 1728: 1725: 1723: 1720: 1718: 1715: 1713: 1710: 1708: 1705: 1703: 1700: 1698: 1695: 1693: 1692:Counter-jihad 1690: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1675: 1673: 1670: 1668: 1665: 1663: 1660: 1656: 1653: 1652: 1651: 1648: 1647: 1638: 1637: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1617: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1539: 1537: 1534: 1532: 1529: 1527: 1524: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1499: 1495: 1492: 1491: 1490: 1487: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1475: 1472: 1468: 1467:United States 1465: 1463: 1460: 1458: 1455: 1454: 1452: 1450: 1447: 1445: 1442: 1440: 1437: 1435: 1432: 1430: 1427: 1425: 1422: 1420: 1417: 1415: 1412: 1410: 1407: 1405: 1402: 1400: 1397: 1395: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1385: 1382: 1380: 1377: 1375: 1372: 1370: 1367: 1363: 1360: 1358: 1355: 1353: 1350: 1349: 1348: 1345: 1343: 1340: 1338: 1335: 1331: 1330:United States 1328: 1326: 1323: 1321: 1318: 1317: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1306: 1303: 1301: 1298: 1296: 1293: 1291: 1288: 1286: 1283: 1282: 1276: 1270: 1269: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1243:Protestantism 1241: 1239: 1236: 1232: 1229: 1228: 1227: 1224: 1218: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1194: 1193: 1190: 1189: 1188: 1185: 1181: 1178: 1176: 1173: 1172: 1171: 1168: 1166: 1163: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1153:LDS or Mormon 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1135: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1115: 1109: 1104: 1103: 1093: 1090: 1088: 1085: 1081: 1078: 1076: 1075:Transmisogyny 1073: 1071: 1068: 1067: 1066: 1063: 1059: 1056: 1054: 1051: 1050: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1019: 1016: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1006: 1004: 1001: 999: 996: 994: 991: 989: 986: 984: 981: 979: 978:Gerontophobia 976: 974: 971: 969: 966: 964: 961: 959: 956: 954: 951: 949: 946: 944: 941: 939: 936: 934: 931: 929: 926: 924: 921: 919: 916: 914: 911: 909: 908:Anti-intersex 906: 904: 901: 899: 896: 894: 891: 889: 886: 884: 883:Anti-albinism 881: 879: 876: 874: 871: 869: 866: 865: 856: 855: 845: 842: 840: 837: 835: 832: 830: 827: 825: 822: 820: 817: 813: 810: 808: 805: 804: 803: 800: 798: 795: 793: 790: 788: 785: 783: 780: 778: 775: 773: 770: 768: 765: 763: 760: 758: 755: 753: 750: 748: 745: 744: 735: 734: 724: 721: 719: 716: 714: 711: 709: 708:Institutional 706: 705: 696: 695: 691: 687: 686: 683: 680: 679: 675: 671: 670: 662: 660: 656: 651: 647: 645: 641: 637: 633: 632:Uttar Pradesh 625: 620: 611: 609: 604: 602: 598: 594: 590: 584: 581: 576: 572: 567: 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 545: 540: 539:(1827–1890). 538: 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 514: 508: 498: 496: 492: 488: 484: 480: 476: 471: 469: 465: 461: 456: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 433: 432:Adi Karnataka 428: 427: 416: 414: 410: 406: 401: 397: 396:Narsinh Mehta 393: 386: 376: 374: 370: 366: 362: 358: 354: 350: 345: 343: 339: 334: 330: 328: 324: 320: 319: 314: 310: 303:Official term 295: 291: 288: 283: 278: 276: 272: 267: 263: 259: 255: 251: 247: 243: 239: 235: 231: 227: 222: 220: 219:Bhakti period 216: 212: 208: 204: 200: 190: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 168: 164: 160: 156: 152: 147: 145: 144:feudal system 141: 137: 133: 132: 127: 126: 121: 117: 113: 109: 105: 100: 94: 85: 79: 49: 41: 37: 33: 19: 16539: 16538:Unspecified 16494:Rajopadhyaya 16103:Newar Muslim 15848:Newar Muslim 15747:Eastern Rai 15725:Central Rai 15709:Western Rai 15637:Sino-Tibetan 15367:Gender-blind 15254:Human rights 15082:Racial quota 15069: 15049:Jewish quota 15029:Gerontocracy 15024:Gender roles 15002:Disabilities 14987:Blood purity 14959:Wife selling 14949:White flight 14929:Slut-shaming 14909:Scapegoating 14827:Murder music 14500:Palestinians 14443:Anti-Zionism 14311:South Africa 14296:Black people 14274:South Africa 14090:Christianity 14080:Baháʼí Faith 14008:Sectarianism 13948:Heterosexism 13913:Ephebiphobia 13883:Anti-Masonry 13750:Hair texture 13613:Human rights 13569:Other issues 13515:Tuberculosis 13500:Malnutrition 13355: 13338:Caste system 13313:Prostitution 13225:Child labour 13184:Joint family 13174:Dowry system 13164:Cohabitation 13123:Conservation 13077:Unemployment 13072:Urbanisation 13008:Debt bondage 13003:Land reforms 12763:Creamy layer 12735: 12488: 12466: 12447: 12428: 12409: 12390: 12365: 12361: 12338: 12335:Omvedt, Gail 12316: 12313:Omvedt, Gail 12290: 12271: 12252: 12229: 12218:the original 12213: 12209: 12183: 12151: 12130: 12109: 12088: 12067: 12036: 12029: 12019:19 September 12017:. 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Retrieved 11297: 11287: 11276:the original 11262: 11252: 11245: 11237:the original 11230: 11221: 11213: 11197: 11190: 11185:(Biography). 11182: 11178: 11166: 11159: 11151: 11139: 11132: 11115: 11112:Shodhmanthan 11111: 11098: 11084:(3): 27–28. 11081: 11078:Shodhmanthan 11077: 11064: 11055: 11045: 11033:. Retrieved 11029: 11020: 11010:17 September 11008:. Retrieved 11004:the original 10999: 10990: 10978:. Retrieved 10971: 10962: 10950:. Retrieved 10945: 10936: 10924:. Retrieved 10920: 10911: 10899:. Retrieved 10894: 10885: 10860: 10856: 10850: 10820:. Retrieved 10809: 10797: 10788: 10784: 10763:. Retrieved 10752: 10743: 10731: 10724:Ballard 1994 10719: 10712:Ballard 1994 10707: 10683: 10656:. Retrieved 10652:The Guardian 10651: 10641: 10634:Boyes Turner 10633: 10624: 10612:. Retrieved 10608:the original 10603: 10594: 10579:Flood, Gavin 10573: 10561:. Retrieved 10555: 10528:. Retrieved 10517: 10505:. Retrieved 10498: 10488: 10476:. Retrieved 10469: 10460: 10448:. 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Retrieved 8935:the original 8930: 8921: 8912: 8903: 8883: 8876: 8869:Sangave 1980 8864: 8856:the original 8851: 8830:Google Books 8828:– via 8814: 8807: 8798: 8789: 8775:(19): 1822. 8772: 8768: 8762: 8754:Google Books 8752:– via 8746:. Retrieved 8727: 8720: 8711: 8702: 8690:. Retrieved 8671: 8664: 8656:Google Books 8654:– via 8636: 8629: 8621:Google Books 8619:– via 8601: 8594: 8586:the original 8576: 8563: 8557: 8533: 8529: 8519: 8511:Google Books 8509:– via 8491: 8484: 8476:Google Books 8474:– via 8456: 8449: 8437:. Retrieved 8432: 8423: 8413:19 September 8411:. Retrieved 8406: 8397: 8385:. Retrieved 8381:the original 8376: 8366: 8356:19 September 8354:. Retrieved 8348: 8338: 8328:19 September 8326:. Retrieved 8320: 8310: 8298:. Retrieved 8294:the original 8287: 8278: 8269: 8259: 8250: 8240: 8228:. Retrieved 8218: 8193: 8189: 8179: 8167:. Retrieved 8161: 8151: 8118: 8114: 8104: 8092:. Retrieved 8088: 8078: 8066:. Retrieved 8052: 8042: 8009: 8005: 7995: 7985: 7980: 7968:. 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Retrieved 4755:the original 4750: 4740: 4721: 4715: 4706: 4697: 4632: 4610: 4606: 4593:Fuzhou Tanka 4388:Dalit League 4361: 4338: 4324: 4321: 4317: 4299: 4297: 4290: 4283: 4269: 4243: 4239:Urmila Pawar 4131: 4068: 4053: 4044: 4033:Please help 4028:verification 4025: 3988: 3984: 3973: 3957: 3948: 3938: 3934: 3932: 3925: 3917: 3896: 3863: 3849:undue weight 3846: 3818:Lord Avebury 3815: 3799:Meena Dhanda 3796: 3792:assimilation 3769: 3765: 3761: 3754: 3742:World War II 3739: 3725: 3720: 3714: 3699: 3665: 3649: 3634: 3598:Jagjivan Ram 3596: 3592: 3582:The rise of 3581: 3569:Nitish Kumar 3561:C. P. Thakur 3550: 3454:Dalit League 3421: 3395: 3392:Dalit Muslim 3380: 3376: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3360: 3351: 3348: 3339:Christianity 3328: 3307: 3289: 3286: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3258: 3231:In 2003 the 3230: 3227: 3215: 3190: 3185: 3163: 3140: 3128: 3113: 3098: 3094: 3086: 3058:Brahmo Samaj 3055: 3046: 3034: 3025: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2952:human faeces 2939: 2915: 2911: 2898:malnourished 2890: 2877: 2861: 2845: 2826: 2817: 2794: 2766: 2747: 2723: 2719: 2715: 2678: 2448:Gender-blind 2327:Human rights 2147:Racial quota 2134: 2114:Jewish quota 2094:Gerontocracy 2089:Gender roles 2067:Disabilities 2052:Blood purity 2018:Wife selling 2008:White flight 1988:Slut-shaming 1968:Scapegoating 1886:Murder music 1551:Palestinians 1494:Anti-Zionism 1362:South Africa 1347:Black people 1325:South Africa 1133:Christianity 1123:Baháʼí Faith 1043:Sectarianism 983:Heterosexism 948:Ephebiphobia 918:Anti-Masonry 777:Hair texture 655:Paul Diwakar 652: 648: 629: 614:Demographics 605: 599:enacted the 585: 568: 563: 559: 541: 511: 494: 490: 486: 482: 478: 474: 472: 463: 457: 436: 430: 424: 422: 412: 391: 389: 364: 360: 352: 348: 346: 341: 340:rather than 337: 332: 331: 326: 322: 316: 312: 306: 292: 279: 270: 265: 261: 241: 233: 223: 198: 196: 163:Christianity 148: 129: 123: 119: 47: 46: 36: 16524:Damai/Dholi 16509:Vajracharya 16461:Simantakrit 16350:Other basis 16278:Indus-Ganga 16248:Oraon Sadri 16076:Vajracharya 15891:Raji–Raute 15269:Nonviolence 15264:LGBT rights 15229:Empowerment 15197:Anti-racism 15119:Segregation 15064:No kid zone 14864:Persecution 14777:Hate speech 14728:Gay bashing 14703:Ethnic joke 14658:Dog whistle 14603:Blood libel 14291:Azerbaijani 14195:Neopaganism 14188:Persecution 14149:Persecution 14132:Persecution 14095:Catholicism 14030:Transphobia 14013:Supremacism 13968:Lesbophobia 13888:Aporophobia 13853:Anti-autism 13704:Taste-based 13699:Statistical 13618:Prohibition 13457:Vigilantism 13371:Communalism 13361:Reservation 13293:Eve teasing 13288:Dowry death 13273:Acid attack 13189:Infertility 13115:Environment 13035:Remittances 12861:Ranvir Sena 12787:Commissions 12743:(SC and ST) 12491:. 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The term 193:Terminology 187:reservation 116:fifth varna 16590:Categories 16324:Immigrants 16194:Indo-Aryan 15932:Indo-Aryan 15729:Khambu Rai 15543:Stereotype 15538:Speciesism 15419:Oppression 15414:Oikophobia 15310:Allophilia 15294:Toleration 15151:Sodomy law 15044:Internment 14964:Witch-hunt 14842:Blackhawks 14772:Hate group 14760:Hate crime 14733:Gendercide 14723:Freak show 14713:Excellence 14673:Employment 14643:Defamation 14575:Vietnamese 14570:Venezuelan 14460:Lithuanian 14122:Falun Gong 14057:Xenophobia 14052:Vegaphobia 14035:Non-binary 13993:Pedophobia 13958:Homophobia 13780:Skin color 13740:Disability 13713:Attributes 13694:Structural 13628:Disability 13533:Censorship 13462:Cybercrime 13417:Corruption 13394:Secularism 12871:Karni Sena 12660:Poona Pact 12431:. Zubaan. 11000:Muse India 10765:20 January 10658:20 January 10614:21 October 10507:20 January 10478:20 January 10450:20 January 10442:. London. 10415:20 January 10387:20 January 9521:20 January 9425:11 January 8984:27 January 8941:27 January 8731:. 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