5850:
4089:
4769:
5158:
4144:
5478:
5398:
5118:
5518:
2689:
4202:
2663:
4605:
5318:
5358:
5098:
5218:
4510:
4550:
5138:
4420:
4384:
5338:
5178:
5498:
5258:
5438:
4017:
5458:
4528:
2790:
3949:
2829:
92:
4053:
5418:
4162:
5238:
2629:
4660:
5198:
4697:
4402:
2934:
5378:
4220:
4108:
4035:
2774:
4623:
2897:
2879:
5278:
4126:
3978:
4642:
4456:
4330:
4272:
4254:
4180:
4733:
4474:
4308:
2813:
4492:
5298:
4568:
5078:
4751:
2611:
4438:
4290:
4238:
4587:
4366:
4715:
2579:
2531:
2515:
4348:
2499:
4679:
2918:
2710:
2647:
2547:
4071:
5058:
4791:
2758:
2595:
2563:
2726:
2847:
2742:
4001:
2863:
395:
55:
349:
Palpi reaching just above vertex of head, the 2nd joint thickly scaled; antennae of male fasciculated; thorax smoothly scaled; abdomen with dorsal ridges of coarse hair on proximal segments, which are sometimes developed into tufts; fore tibia more or less hairy; hind tibia spined. Fore wing with the
333:
coloured except for the hindwings, which are marked with stripes in orange, red, white, or even blue. In some, the hindwings are mostly blackish. Unlike what the common name "underwings" seems to suggest, the colour is brightest on the upperside. However, the bright hindwings are not visible at rest,
632:
are here divided into a
Eurasian group, and another one which is found in North America. This does not imply actual relationships; it is mainly done to more conveniently deal with the large number of species. Still, it is not unlikely at all that the groups consist at least to some extent of closely
374:
or other small predator that is not used to this display is likely to be frightened, allowing the moth to escape. However, unlike some other bright-colored moths which are bad-tasting or even poisonous to predators, underwing moths are well palatable at least to some birds (e.g. the
660:
of the underwing moths is an ongoing effort, which has made (as of 2011) little progress. In the scientific literature, smaller subdivisions into putatively related species are sometimes applied, but there is no consistent and widely accepted
6185:
4812:
As noted in the introduction, some species besides the
Catocala species are also commonly known as "underwings". Typically however, the name is used with a qualifier, such as a color term, in these cases.
5779:
5929:
Müller, Gunter; Kravchenko, Vasiliy; Witt, Thomas; Junnila, Amy; Mooser, J.; Saldaitis, Aidas; Reshöft, K.; Ivinskis, Povilas; Zahiri, Reza & Speidel, Wolfgang (2008).
350:
apex nearly rectangular; the cilia crenulate. Hind wing with the cilia crenulate; vein 5 from below center of discocellulars. Larva with four pairs of abdominal prolegs.
597:. They are generally most active about two hours after nightfall. However, several if not all species of underwing moths have a second activity period exactly around
2201:
334:
being hidden under the dull forewings – hence the name. Due to their diversity and variety of colors and patterns, underwing moths are popular with collectors of
3651:
370:. An underwing moth, well camouflaged in its daytime resting spot on a tree trunk or branch, will suddenly flash open the hindwings when disturbed. A
2191:
5791:
5517:
3948:
6284:
5477:
4768:
5634:
5699:
5117:
6336:
5497:
5217:
4088:
5157:
5748:
2662:
5769:
5758:
5317:
5177:
5823:
5357:
3977:
5397:
5337:
6258:
5377:
2789:
6297:
5257:
5689:
5137:
4527:
5237:
5097:
4659:
4509:
4179:
6302:
5197:
4383:
2688:
5437:
4549:
5457:
5417:
5277:
4143:
652:); these and other hitherto unknown species are still being discovered and described in some numbers. Thus, resolving the
5297:
4622:
4604:
4016:
6310:
5806:
Stevens, Martin (2005): The role of eyespots as anti-predator mechanisms, principally demonstrated in the
Lepidoptera.
4307:
2828:
5077:
4201:
4125:
4052:
2896:
2878:
5893:
5871:
4419:
6237:
5864:
5765:
5754:
4401:
4253:
4219:
4107:
2933:
2628:
4750:
6341:
4696:
4329:
4161:
4034:
6250:
4732:
4491:
217:
4567:
4455:
4437:
417:
of most species feed on the leaves of woody plants, usually trees but sometimes shrubs. Typical food plants are
4932:
4882:
4347:
5057:
4586:
4365:
4289:
6323:
4473:
4271:
305:, slightly less than half are found in North America – mostly in the United States – while the rest occur in
4714:
4678:
2610:
4641:
6315:
6157:
4962:
309:. About one-fifth (almost 30) of these species are native to Europe. A few species occur in the northern
4790:
6382:
6162:
4821:
4070:
5740:
Nelson, John M. & Loy, Peter W. (1983): The
Underwing Moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of Oklahoma.
91:
17:
5858:
5730:
2773:
1129:
706:
5563:
4237:
3140:
2812:
1782:
1161:
637:
275:
190:
2578:
2530:
2514:
391:, these moths also possess (like many of their relatives) fairly well-developed hearing organs.
6100:
5875:
5043:
4972:
2961:
2420:
1339:
762:
6289:
2917:
2709:
2646:
2546:
5486:
2498:
2230:
2035:
1920:
1651:
1429:
1084:
695:
558:. More unusually, underwing moth caterpillars have also been found to feed on such plants as
6354:
2757:
2594:
2562:
6206:
5406:
4897:
4775:
4556:
4516:
4390:
4186:
3908:
3825:
3611:
3583:
3479:
3443:
3230:
3128:
2479:
2083:
1853:
1772:
1256:
913:
62:
31:
4000:
2846:
2741:
8:
5526:
5366:
5326:
5146:
5106:
4611:
4168:
4059:
4023:
3713:
3643:
3515:
3222:
3187:
3175:
3064:
3048:
3040:
2835:
2725:
2375:
2139:
2132:
2053:
2045:
1937:
1809:
1671:
1661:
1641:
1560:
1489:
1408:
1372:
1322:
1224:
5700:"Diel flight periodicity and the evolution of auditory defences in the Macrolepidoptera"
2862:
6138:
5808:
5722:
5426:
5266:
4942:
4426:
4244:
4226:
4150:
4114:
4095:
3809:
3741:
3682:
3599:
3575:
3507:
3407:
3340:
3328:
3294:
3270:
3214:
3194:
3155:
3092:
2968:
2780:
2585:
2537:
2521:
2457:
2440:
2368:
2339:
2329:
2322:
2307:
2251:
2244:
2181:
2163:
1988:
1964:
1789:
1506:
1496:
1454:
1422:
1401:
1365:
1241:
1234:
1104:
662:
657:
601:, during which they are also regularly found on the wing for about 1–2 hours each day.
239:
86:
6377:
6349:
6193:
5930:
5246:
5126:
4922:
4739:
4498:
4480:
4444:
4336:
4260:
4132:
3931:
3924:
3885:
3749:
3662:
3563:
3555:
3535:
3523:
3495:
3435:
3399:
3363:
3355:
3347:
3320:
3313:
3286:
3246:
3206:
3167:
3104:
3020:
2984:
2976:
2924:
2903:
2885:
2819:
2716:
2695:
2653:
2553:
2447:
2410:
2385:
2358:
2297:
2290:
2283:
2261:
2218:
2173:
2153:
2073:
2028:
1981:
1971:
1927:
1900:
1883:
1873:
1836:
1695:
1634:
1577:
1548:
1538:
1482:
1384:
1270:
1263:
1183:
1119:
1064:
802:
645:
402:
5726:
6198:
6080:
5816:
5714:
5506:
5466:
5446:
5186:
5166:
5033:
5007:
4997:
4872:
4861:
4841:
4757:
4721:
4703:
4666:
4648:
4629:
4593:
4574:
4462:
4372:
4296:
4208:
3955:
3900:
3893:
3877:
3869:
3861:
3853:
3845:
3785:
3777:
3769:
3733:
3698:
3690:
3670:
3635:
3547:
3467:
3427:
3379:
3262:
3254:
3238:
3112:
3076:
3008:
2764:
2669:
2635:
2601:
2569:
2464:
2430:
2346:
2276:
2237:
2063:
1954:
1893:
1762:
1752:
1705:
1681:
1516:
1472:
1464:
1394:
1346:
1329:
1310:
1300:
1280:
1249:
1207:
1200:
1149:
1094:
1074:
1039:
766:
5663:
5386:
5346:
5226:
5086:
4982:
4952:
4912:
4852:
4831:
4685:
4534:
4408:
4314:
4278:
4041:
4007:
3837:
3817:
3619:
3591:
3487:
3387:
3371:
3301:
3120:
3056:
2996:
2940:
2853:
2748:
2617:
2505:
2314:
2211:
2146:
2122:
2097:
2090:
2013:
1863:
1846:
1829:
1725:
1688:
1624:
1614:
1607:
1597:
1587:
1567:
1436:
1290:
1190:
1139:
1054:
1029:
6328:
731:
6245:
6232:
6123:
5833:
5684:
5559:
5206:
4797:
4354:
4077:
3984:
3959:
3916:
3725:
3451:
3084:
3028:
2869:
2796:
2403:
2395:
2105:
2020:
2003:
1947:
1819:
1732:
1715:
1528:
1214:
1171:
678:
78:
6004:
Saldaitis, A. & Pekarsky, O. & Borth, R. (2014). "A new subspecies of
5820:
6371:
5286:
5026:
5012:
3705:
3627:
3459:
3419:
3147:
2732:
2112:
1910:
1799:
1742:
1444:
1415:
609:
566:) which belongs to a distant lineage of rosids, as well as on such plants as
213:
207:
6008:
Moore, 1879 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae (sensu lato): Erebinae) from
Mongolia".
3527:– lineella underwing, little lined underwing, steely underwing (formerly in
5718:
5306:
4817:"underwing moths" are typically owlet moths, namely: Subfamily Catocalinae
2676:
1354:
509:
430:
225:
199:
35:
6271:
6149:
6132:
5066:
575:
450:
414:
398:
335:
143:
5766:
Butterflies and Moths of the World, Generic Names and their Type-species
5755:
Butterflies and Moths of the World, Generic Names and their Type-species
6263:
5832:. George Routledge & Sons Ltd., Broadway House, Ludgate Hill, E.C.
5565:
The Fauna of
British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Moths Volume II
5021:
1019:
673:
Several distinct genera have formally been proposed for splitting from
494:
422:
355:
343:
The Fauna of
British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Moths Volume II
314:
310:
173:
153:
6276:
6219:
6175:
5911:
Leech, 1900 (Lepidoptela, Noctuidae), with description of new taxa".
653:
490:
384:
260:
123:
103:
6094:
6057:
6043:
6224:
6170:
6117:
2951:
586:
and quite unrelated to the other food plants by eudicot standards.
567:
543:
539:
525:
482:
426:
376:
363:
354:
It is believed that the bright colors, arranged in usually roughly
271:
163:
589:
The adults are predominantly nocturnal, flying from shortly after
5948:
Kravchenko, V. D., Speidel, W., et al. (2008). "A new species of
583:
555:
551:
547:
529:
498:
434:
418:
330:
306:
302:
608:
roughly means "beautiful hindwings". It is a combination of two
394:
54:
5568:. Taylor and Francis – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
719:
291:
133:
113:
6211:
6026:
Speidel, W., Ivinskis, P. & Saldaitis, A. (2008). "A new
5830:
English-Greek
Dictionary – A Vocabulary of the Attic Language
559:
534:
504:
474:
466:
458:
263:
71:
30:"Lamprosia" redirects here. For the metalmark butterfly, see
5922:
Schrank, 1802 from
Western China (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)".
5587:
Nelson & Loy (1983), and see references in Savela (2012)
4859:) – in North America, "white underwing" typically refers to
294:, not as part of a species name – they are used to refer to
598:
594:
590:
371:
267:
5694:. Version 2.4, January 27, 2011. Retrieved March 29, 2012.
5019:
However, the "orange underwings" are two species of genus
628:
There are over 250 species in this genus. The species of
517:
442:
388:
367:
359:
5774:. Version of November 5, 2004. Retrieved March 29, 2012.
5761:. Version of November 5, 2004. Retrieved March 29, 2012.
5978:
subspec. nov. aus Jordanien (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)".
6015:
Sinyaev, V., Saldaitis, A. & Ivinskis, P. (2007).
5993:, a new species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from China".
287:
4807:
5965:
Transactions of the Entomological Society of London
5662:"Blepharonia" was initially proposed as name for a
3499:– joined underwing, Stretch's underwing (including
3423:– beloved underwing, Ilia underwing, wife underwing
6369:
5697:
3615:– little nymph underwing, little bride underwing
2988:– Alabama underwing, titan underwing (including
1195:Saldaitis, Ivinskis, Floriani & Babics, 2012
616:(κάτω, "the rear one" or "the lower one"), and
6030:species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from China".
5742:Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science
5666:in 1823, and only established as a genus name
5578:Fullard & Napoleone (2001), Stevens (2005)
5549:FE (2011), and see references in Savela (2012)
3088:– bay underwing, bayberry underwing, old maid
1520:– blue underwing, Clifden nonpareil (type of
5698:Fullard, James H.; Napoleone, Nadia (2001).
681:. These synonyms and other invalid names of
550:; as the preceding, these all belong to the
493:and some North American species feed on the
5764:Pitkin, Brian & Jenkins, Paul (2004b):
5753:Pitkin, Brian & Jenkins, Paul (2004a):
5989:Saldaitis, A. & Ivinskis, P. (2008). "
3403:– Herodias' underwing, Gerhard's underwing
3250:– hawthorn underwing, chokeberry underwing
358:markings, at a casual glance resemble the
320:
53:
5974:Lewandowski, S. & Tober, K. (2008). "
5935:Christoph, 1887 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)"
5894:Learn how and when to remove this message
278:in 1802. The moths are commonly known as
6055:
5857:This article includes a list of general
3889:– dark red underwing, ultronia underwing
393:
290:, but usually – especially when used in
5952:from Israel (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)".
5918:Ishizuka, K. (2007). "A new species of
5558:
3052:– Andromeda underwing, gloomy underwing
2435:Sinyaev, Saldaitis & Ivinskis, 2007
1841:Speidel, Ivinskis & Saldaitis, 2008
1824:Speidel, Ivinskis & Saldaitis, 2008
14:
6370:
5931:"New underwing taxa of the section of
5670:in 1825: Pitkin & Jenkins (2004a).
5632:
5223:Lesser broad-bordered yellow underwing
6099:
6098:
5788:Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
5643:Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
5010:proper, some 15 species in the genus
3116:– Briseis underwing, ribbed underwing
3080:– Atocala underwing, Brou's underwing
2266:Saldaitis, Ivinskis & Borth, 2010
1018:
457:) species, as well as others such as
286:. These terms are sometimes used for
6251:81016090-a842-493f-b14d-83d5a993aaa4
6056:Bartlett, Troy (February 16, 2018).
5843:
3941:Comparison of North American species
3096:– Benjamin's underwing (formerly in
2206:Saldaitis, Pekarsky & Borth 2014
677:, but these are all treated here as
665:treatment for the genus as a whole.
512:. Less common larval food plants of
3717:– old wife underwing (sometimes in
3567:– Manitoba underwing (sometimes in
3463:– Jair underwing, barrens underwing
3159:– carissima underwing (formerly in
2950:
232:
24:
6085:: Classification and Common Names"
5863:it lacks sufficient corresponding
5839:
5777:
3829:– semirelict underwing (including
3753:– precious underwing (formerly in
3290:– quiet underwing, sweet underwing
3226:– pink underwing, sleepy underwing
345:, the genus described as follows.
25:
6394:
6049:
3274:– Desdemona underwing (including
2415:Saldaitis, Kons & Borth, 2014
623:
6079:Oehlke, Bill (January 1, 2013).
5848:
5633:Savela, Markku (July 27, 2019).
5516:
5496:
5476:
5456:
5436:
5416:
5396:
5376:
5356:
5336:
5316:
5296:
5276:
5256:
5236:
5216:
5196:
5176:
5156:
5136:
5116:
5096:
5076:
5056:
4789:
4767:
4749:
4731:
4713:
4695:
4677:
4658:
4640:
4621:
4603:
4585:
4566:
4548:
4526:
4508:
4490:
4472:
4454:
4436:
4418:
4400:
4382:
4364:
4346:
4328:
4306:
4288:
4270:
4252:
4236:
4218:
4200:
4178:
4160:
4142:
4124:
4106:
4087:
4069:
4051:
4033:
4015:
3999:
3976:
3947:
3539:– Louise's underwing (including
3032:– girlfriend underwing (type of
3012:– sweetheart underwing (type of
2932:
2916:
2895:
2877:
2861:
2845:
2827:
2811:
2788:
2772:
2756:
2740:
2724:
2708:
2687:
2661:
2645:
2627:
2609:
2593:
2577:
2561:
2545:
2529:
2513:
2497:
1533:Bytinsky-Salz & Brandt, 1937
1285:Sviridov, Speidel, Reshöft, 1996
489:). The caterpillars of numerous
90:
5907:Ishizuka, K. (2002). "Notes on
5656:
5614:See references in Savela (2012)
5183:Broad-bordered yellow underwing
3773:– the relict, "white underwing"
3603:– Messalina underwing (type of
3471:– Jessica underwing (including
3068:– sweetfern underwing (type of
508:(willows), which belong to the
5626:
5617:
5608:
5599:
5596:Fullard & Napoleone (2001)
5590:
5581:
5572:
5552:
5543:
5383:Broad-bordered white underwing
5163:Mediterranean yellow underwing
4933:Broad-bordered white underwing
3391:– Hermia underwing (including
2491:Comparison of Eurasian species
1501:Saldaitis & Ivinskis, 2008
13:
1:
6091:. Retrieved January 13, 2019.
5976:Catocala olgaorlovae duschara
5677:
2127:Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874
1059:Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874
538:(linden and basswood) of the
329:have medium to large adults,
34:. For the arctiid moths, see
5623:Pitkin & Jenkins (2004b)
5536:
3305:– Epione underwing (type of
1629:Ishizuka & Ohshima, 2003
1602:Ishizuka & Ohshima, 2002
1572:Ishizuka & M. Wang, 2013
1245:– Minsmere crimson underwing
644:, e.g. the group around the
7:
5343:Beautiful yellow underwing
5323:Small dark yellow underwing
5123:Svensson's copper underwing
4963:Small dark yellow underwing
4883:Svensson's copper underwing
3761:Catocala pretiosa texarkana
694:Hampson, 1913 (unjustified
668:
301:Of the more than 250 known
274:. The genus was erected by
10:
6399:
5511:Geometridae: Archiearinae
5491:Geometridae: Archiearinae
4822:Beautiful yellow underwing
3803:– yellow-fringed underwing
2334:Kishida & Suzuki, 2002
785:Hübner, 1823 (unavailable)
29:
6107:
5828:Woodhouse, S. C. (1910):
5821:10.1017/S1464793105006810
5531:Geometridae: Archiearinae
3171:– yellow-banded underwing
2177:– light crimson underwing
638:cryptic species complexes
383:). To assist in avoiding
245:
238:
231:
224:
205:
198:
87:Scientific classification
85:
61:
52:
45:
6032:Acta Zoologica Lituanica
6017:Acta Zoologica Lituanica
5995:Acta Zoologica Lituanica
5954:Acta Zoologica Lituanica
5939:Acta Zoologica Lituanica
5834:Searchable JPEG fulltext
4672:yellow-fringed underwing
3904:– once-married underwing
3789:– yellow-gray underwing
3587:– McDunnough's underwing
3447:– inconsolable underwing
2318:– dark crimson underwing
1130:Catocala amnonfreidbergi
5878:more precise citations.
5759:Blepharonia Hübner 1823
5363:Small yellow underwing
5303:Lesser yellow underwing
4868:Subfamily Amphipyrinae
4808:Other "underwing moths"
4137:yellow-banded underwing
3674:– the bride (including
3647:– little wife underwing
3141:Catocala californiensis
3124:– bluish-gray underwing
3024:– three-staff underwing
2890:light crimson underwing
1783:Catocala kuangtungensis
1162:Catocala artobolevskiji
1134:Kravchenko et al., 2008
1044:Bremer & Grey, 1853
321:Description and ecology
276:Franz von Paula Schrank
5719:10.1006/anbe.2001.1753
5503:Light orange underwing
5283:Lunar yellow underwing
5263:Least yellow underwing
5243:Least yellow underwing
5203:Large yellow underwing
5044:Light orange underwing
5029:family (Geometridae):
4973:Small yellow underwing
4762:once-married underwing
4561:little nymph underwing
4521:McDunnough's underwing
3831:C. nevadensis, C. pura
3813:– Robinson's underwing
3657:Kons & Borth, 2015
3655:- Myristica underwing
3044:– Andromache underwing
2962:Catocala abbreviatella
2945:dark crimson underwing
2421:Catocala triphaenoides
2202:Catocala pudica sabine
2049:– oak yellow underwing
2040:Herrich-Schäffer, 1852
1468:– French red underwing
1340:Catocala deuteronympha
944:Hübner, : preoccupied)
620:(καλός, "beautiful").
410:
352:
5963:Leech, J. J. (1900).
5523:Pale orange underwing
5487:Archiearis parthenias
5038:Archiearis parthenias
3935:– Whitney's underwing
3912:– Verrill's underwing
3763:– Texarkana underwing
3745:– praeclara underwing
3631:– wonderful underwing
3501:C. elsa, C. stretchii
3483:– Johnson's underwing
3439:– betrothed underwing
3234:– connubial underwing
3210:– Clinton's underwing
2990:C. olivia, C. titania
2972:– Agrippina underwing
2231:Catocala puerperoides
2036:Catocala nymphaeoides
1921:Catocala mesopotamica
1652:Catocala hyperconnexa
1430:Catocala editarevayae
1085:Catocala aestimabilis
397:
347:
6246:Fauna Europaea (new)
6041:Weisert, F. (1998).
5407:Polyphaenis sericata
4993:Subfamily Noctuinae
4957:Omphaloscelis lunosa
4947:Polyphaenis sericata
4908:Subfamily Hadeninae
4898:False underwing moth
4776:Catocala verrilliana
4557:Catocala micronympha
4517:Catocala mcdunnoughi
4391:Catocala johnsoniana
4187:Catocala connubialis
4101:Benjamin's underwing
4028:Andromache underwing
3989:girlfriend underwing
3966:sweetheart underwing
3909:Catocala verrilliana
3865:– youthful underwing
3826:Catocala semirelicta
3737:– penitent underwing
3612:Catocala micronympha
3584:Catocala mcdunnoughi
3491:– Judith's underwing
3480:Catocala johnsoniana
3444:Catocala insolabilis
3431:– Magdalen underwing
3359:– grisatra underwing
3351:– graceful underwing
3324:– mournful underwing
3258:– dejected underwing
3231:Catocala connubialis
3129:Catocala californica
3108:– charming underwing
2980:– Aholibah underwing
2840:oak yellow underwing
2640:French red underwing
2480:Catocala xizangensis
2084:Catocala olgaorlovae
1854:Catocala longipalpis
1773:Catocala kotschubeyi
1257:Catocala contemnenda
63:Semirelict underwing
32:Voltinia (butterfly)
5527:Boudinotiana puella
5367:Panemeria tenebrata
5327:Coranarta cordigera
5147:Amphipyra pyramidea
5107:Catephia alchymista
4977:Panemeria tenebrata
4967:Coranarta cordigera
4893:Subfamily Erebinae
4877:Amphipyra pyramidea
4857:Catephia alchymista
4846:Euparthenos nubilis
4784:Verrill's underwing
4612:Catocala palaeogama
4395:Johnson's underwing
4341:betrothed underwing
4231:Desdemona underwing
4195:connubial underwing
4169:Catocala concumbens
4119:carissima underwing
4064:sweetfern underwing
4060:Catocala antinympha
4024:Catocala andromache
3881:– Ulalume underwing
3849:– similar underwing
3781:– residua underwing
3714:Catocala palaeogama
3694:– obscure underwing
3686:– married underwing
3666:– clouded underwing
3644:Catocala muliercula
3639:– Miranda underwing
3595:– Meske's underwing
3579:– marbled underwing
3551:– shining underwing
3519:– Lincoln underwing
3516:Catocala lincolnana
3511:– tearful underwing
3455:– Irene's underwing
3383:– habilis underwing
3367:– Grote's underwing
3266:– Delilah underwing
3242:– consort underwing
3223:Catocala concumbens
3218:– scarlet underwing
3188:Catocala chelidonia
3176:Catocala charlottae
3151:– darling underwing
3065:Catocala antinympha
3049:Catocala andromedae
3041:Catocala andromache
2836:Catocala nymphagoga
2376:Catocala tapestrina
2140:Catocala persimilis
2133:Catocala pataloides
2101:– Turanga underwing
2054:Catocala oberthueri
2046:Catocala nymphagoga
1938:Catocala moltrechti
1810:Catocala largeteaui
1672:Catocala infasciata
1662:Catocala inconstans
1642:Catocala hymenoides
1561:Catocala fuscinupta
1490:Catocala flavescens
1409:Catocala dotatoides
1373:Catocala dissimilis
1323:Catocala desiderata
1225:Catocala chenyixini
381:Cyanocitta cristata
288:a few related moths
247:Numerous, see text
5991:Catocala florianii
5909:Catocala columbina
5809:Biological Reviews
5427:Thalpophila matura
5403:Guernsey underwing
5267:Noctua interposita
4987:Thalpophila matura
4943:Guernsey underwing
4902:Allotria elonympha
4744:dark red underwing
4708:youthful underwing
4635:penitent underwing
4616:old wife underwing
4503:Manitoba underwing
4449:lineella underwing
4427:Catocala lacrymosa
4413:Judith's underwing
4245:Catocala frederici
4227:Catocala desdemona
4151:Catocala coccinata
4115:Catocala carissima
4096:Catocala benjamini
3857:– sordid underwing
3841:– serene underwing
3821:– Sappho underwing
3810:Catocala robinsoni
3742:Catocala praeclara
3729:– mother underwing
3683:Catocala nuptialis
3652:Catocala myristica
3623:– little underwing
3600:Catocala messalina
3576:Catocala marmorata
3508:Catocala lacrymosa
3408:Catocala hippolyta
3341:Catocala frederici
3329:Catocala francisca
3295:Catocala electilis
3271:Catocala desdemona
3215:Catocala coccinata
3195:Catocala cleopatra
3156:Catocala carissima
3093:Catocala benjamini
3060:– Angus' underwing
2969:Catocala agrippina
2781:Catocala neonympha
2586:Catocala disjuncta
2538:Catocala conjuncta
2522:Catocala agitatrix
2458:Catocala wushensis
2441:Catocala viviannae
2369:Catocala szechuena
2340:Catocala streckeri
2330:Catocala stamensis
2323:Catocala sponsalis
2308:Catocala solntsevi
2270:C. pseudoformosana
2252:Catocala rhodosoma
2245:Catocala repudiata
2182:Catocala proxeneta
2164:Catocala prolifica
1989:Catocala neonympha
1965:Catocala nagioides
1868:Herrich-Schäffer,
1790:Catocala kusnezovi
1507:Catocala formosana
1497:Catocala florianii
1455:Catocala ellamajor
1423:Catocala duplicata
1402:Catocala doerriesi
1366:Catocala disjuncta
1242:Catocala coniuncta
1235:Catocala columbina
1105:Catocala agitatrix
636:There are several
411:
387:predators such as
366:animal, such as a
6383:Noctuoidea genera
6365:
6364:
6350:Open Tree of Life
6101:Taxon identifiers
5904:
5903:
5896:
5443:Blossom underwing
5247:Noctua interjecta
5127:Amphipyra berbera
5008:Yellow underwings
4923:Blossom underwing
4887:Amphipyra berbera
4740:Catocala ultronia
4598:obscure underwing
4543:Meske's underwing
4499:Catocala manitoba
4481:Catocala maestosa
4467:shining underwing
4445:Catocala lineella
4431:tearful underwing
4377:Jessica underwing
4359:Irene's underwing
4337:Catocala innubens
4301:habilis underwing
4265:Grote's underwing
4261:Catocala grotiana
4213:Delilah underwing
4155:scarlet underwing
4133:Catocala cerogama
3932:Catocala whitneyi
3925:Catocala violenta
3920:– widow underwing
3886:Catocala ultronia
3873:– Texan underwing
3750:Catocala pretiosa
3663:Catocala nebulosa
3658:
3564:Catocala manitoba
3556:Catocala maestosa
3536:Catocala louiseae
3524:Catocala lineella
3496:Catocala junctura
3436:Catocala innubens
3400:Catocala herodias
3375:– woody underwing
3364:Catocala grotiana
3356:Catocala grisatra
3348:Catocala gracilis
3321:Catocala flebilis
3314:Catocala faustina
3287:Catocala dulciola
3247:Catocala crataegi
3207:Catocala clintoni
3168:Catocala cerogama
3105:Catocala blandula
3021:Catocala amestris
2985:Catocala alabamae
2977:Catocala aholibah
2925:Catocala separata
2904:Catocala puerpera
2886:Catocala promissa
2820:Catocala nymphaea
2717:Catocala hymenaea
2696:Catocala fulminea
2654:Catocala eutychea
2554:Catocala conversa
2485:
2470:
2453:
2448:Catocala weigerti
2436:
2426:
2416:
2411:Catocala toropovi
2399:– Timur underwing
2391:
2390:A. E. Prout, 1924
2386:Catocala thomsoni
2381:
2364:
2359:Catocala svetlana
2335:
2303:
2298:Catocala sinyaevi
2291:Catocala separata
2284:Catocala separans
2267:
2262:Catocala seibaldi
2257:
2219:Catocala puerpera
2207:
2197:
2187:
2174:Catocala promissa
2169:
2159:
2154:Catocala praegnax
2128:
2118:
2079:
2074:Catocala ohshimai
2069:
2059:
2041:
2029:Catocala nymphaea
2009:
1994:
1982:Catocala neglecta
1977:
1972:Catocala naumanni
1960:
1943:
1933:
1928:Catocala mirifica
1916:
1906:
1901:Catocala martyrum
1889:
1884:Catocala maculata
1879:
1874:Catocala luscinia
1869:
1859:
1842:
1837:Catocala lehmanni
1825:
1815:
1805:
1795:
1778:
1768:
1758:
1748:
1738:
1721:
1711:
1701:
1700:A. E. Prout, 1924
1696:Catocala jansseni
1677:
1667:
1657:
1647:
1635:Catocala hymenaea
1630:
1620:
1603:
1593:
1583:
1578:Catocala giuditta
1573:
1549:Catocala fulminea
1544:
1539:Catocala fugitiva
1534:
1512:
1502:
1483:Catocala eutychea
1478:
1460:
1450:
1390:
1385:Catocala distorta
1352:
1335:
1316:C. kuangtungensis
1306:
1296:
1286:
1276:
1271:Catocala danilovi
1264:Catocala conversa
1230:
1220:
1196:
1184:Catocala bokhaica
1167:
1145:
1135:
1125:
1120:Catocala amabilis
1110:
1100:
1090:
1080:
1070:
1065:Catocala adultera
1060:
1045:
1035:
1013:
1005:
997:
989:
981:
973:
961:
953:
945:
933:
925:
917:
906:
898:
890:
882:
874:
866:
854:
846:
838:
826:
814:
806:
794:
786:
778:
770:
755:
747:
735:
724:
710:
699:
646:Delilah underwing
633:related species.
554:lineage of rosid
403:beloved underwing
252:
251:
233:About 270 species
194:
16:(Redirected from
6390:
6358:
6357:
6345:
6344:
6332:
6331:
6329:NHMSYS0000517663
6319:
6318:
6306:
6305:
6293:
6292:
6280:
6279:
6267:
6266:
6254:
6253:
6241:
6240:
6228:
6227:
6215:
6214:
6202:
6201:
6189:
6188:
6179:
6178:
6166:
6165:
6153:
6152:
6143:
6142:
6141:
6128:
6127:
6126:
6096:
6095:
6076:
6074:
6072:
5899:
5892:
5888:
5885:
5879:
5874:this article by
5865:inline citations
5852:
5851:
5844:
5803:
5801:
5799:
5794:on July 20, 2019
5790:. Archived from
5778:Savela, Markku.
5737:
5735:
5729:. Archived from
5707:Animal Behaviour
5704:
5671:
5660:
5654:
5653:
5651:
5649:
5630:
5624:
5621:
5615:
5612:
5606:
5605:Woodhouse (1910)
5603:
5597:
5594:
5588:
5585:
5579:
5576:
5570:
5569:
5556:
5550:
5547:
5520:
5507:Archiearis notha
5500:
5483:Orange underwing
5480:
5467:Peridroma saucia
5463:Pearly underwing
5460:
5447:Orthosia miniosa
5440:
5420:
5400:
5380:
5360:
5340:
5320:
5300:
5280:
5260:
5240:
5220:
5200:
5187:Noctua fimbriata
5180:
5167:Noctua tirrenica
5160:
5143:Copper underwing
5140:
5120:
5100:
5080:
5060:
5048:Archiearis notha
5034:Orange underwing
5002:Peridroma saucia
4998:Pearly underwing
4927:Orthosia miniosa
4873:Copper underwing
4862:Catocala relicta
4842:Locust underwing
4793:
4771:
4758:Catocala unijuga
4753:
4735:
4722:Catocala texanae
4717:
4704:Catocala subnata
4699:
4690:serene underwing
4681:
4667:Catocala retecta
4662:
4649:Catocala relicta
4644:
4630:Catocala piatrix
4625:
4607:
4594:Catocala obscura
4589:
4575:Catocala neogama
4570:
4552:
4530:
4512:
4494:
4476:
4463:Catocala luciana
4458:
4440:
4422:
4404:
4386:
4373:Catocala jessica
4368:
4350:
4332:
4323:Hermia underwing
4310:
4297:Catocala habilis
4292:
4274:
4256:
4240:
4222:
4209:Catocala delilah
4204:
4182:
4164:
4146:
4128:
4110:
4091:
4073:
4055:
4046:Angus' underwing
4037:
4019:
4003:
3991:type species of
3980:
3968:type species of
3956:Catocala amatrix
3951:
3901:Catocala unijuga
3894:Catocala umbrosa
3878:Catocala ulalume
3870:Catocala texanae
3862:Catocala subnata
3854:Catocala sordida
3846:Catocala similis
3786:Catocala retecta
3778:Catocala residua
3770:Catocala relicta
3734:Catocala piatrix
3709:– Orba underwing
3699:Catocala ophelia
3691:Catocala obscura
3671:Catocala neogama
3656:
3636:Catocala miranda
3548:Catocala luciana
3468:Catocala jessica
3428:Catocala illecta
3380:Catocala habilis
3263:Catocala delilah
3255:Catocala dejecta
3239:Catocala consors
3113:Catocala briseis
3077:Catocala atocala
3009:Catocala amatrix
2936:
2920:
2908:type species of
2899:
2881:
2865:
2849:
2831:
2815:
2803:type species of
2792:
2776:
2765:Catocala mariana
2760:
2744:
2728:
2712:
2700:type species of
2691:
2670:Catocala fraxini
2665:
2649:
2636:Catocala elocata
2631:
2613:
2602:Catocala diversa
2597:
2581:
2570:Catocala dilecta
2565:
2549:
2533:
2517:
2501:
2483:
2468:
2465:Catocala xarippe
2451:
2434:
2431:Catocala uljanae
2424:
2414:
2389:
2379:
2362:
2347:Catocala sultana
2333:
2301:
2277:Catocala seiohbo
2265:
2255:
2238:Catocala remissa
2205:
2195:
2185:
2167:
2157:
2126:
2116:
2077:
2067:
2064:Catocala obscena
2057:
2039:
2007:
1992:
1975:
1958:
1955:Catocala naganoi
1941:
1931:
1914:
1904:
1894:Catocala mariana
1887:
1877:
1867:
1857:
1840:
1823:
1813:
1803:
1793:
1777:Sheljuzhko, 1927
1776:
1767:Staudinger, 1892
1766:
1763:Catocala koreana
1756:
1753:Catocala kasenko
1746:
1736:
1719:
1709:
1706:Catocala jonasii
1699:
1682:Catocala intacta
1675:
1665:
1655:
1645:
1628:
1618:
1601:
1591:
1581:
1571:
1542:
1532:
1517:Catocala fraxini
1510:
1500:
1477:Staudinger, 1892
1476:
1473:Catocala eminens
1465:Catocala elocata
1458:
1448:
1440:– rosy underwing
1395:Catocala diversa
1388:
1350:
1347:Catocala dilecta
1333:
1330:Catocala detrita
1311:Catocala dejeani
1304:
1301:Catocala deducta
1294:
1284:
1281:Catocala dariana
1274:
1250:Catocala connexa
1228:
1218:
1208:Catocala butleri
1201:Catocala brandti
1194:
1166:Sheljuzhko, 1943
1165:
1150:Catocala armandi
1143:
1133:
1123:
1108:
1098:
1095:Catocala afghana
1089:Staudinger, 1892
1088:
1079:Sheljuzhko, 1943
1078:
1075:Catocala aenigma
1068:
1058:
1043:
1040:Catocala abamita
1034:Staudinger, 1900
1033:
1011:
1003:
995:
987:
979:
967:
959:
951:
939:
931:
923:
912:
904:
896:
888:
880:
872:
860:
852:
844:
832:
820:
812:
800:
792:
784:
776:
761:
753:
741:
730:
716:
705:
693:
516:are for example
421:of the families
325:Most species of
189:
95:
94:
57:
43:
42:
21:
6398:
6397:
6393:
6392:
6391:
6389:
6388:
6387:
6368:
6367:
6366:
6361:
6353:
6348:
6340:
6335:
6327:
6322:
6314:
6309:
6301:
6296:
6288:
6283:
6275:
6270:
6262:
6257:
6249:
6244:
6236:
6231:
6223:
6218:
6210:
6205:
6197:
6192:
6184:
6182:
6174:
6169:
6161:
6156:
6148:
6146:
6137:
6136:
6131:
6122:
6121:
6116:
6103:
6070:
6068:
6052:
6006:Catocala pudica
5986:(1-4): 377–378.
5933:Catocala lesbia
5926:. (439): 22–24.
5915:. (379): 12–13.
5900:
5889:
5883:
5880:
5870:Please help to
5869:
5853:
5849:
5842:
5840:Further reading
5797:
5795:
5733:
5702:
5680:
5675:
5674:
5661:
5657:
5647:
5645:
5631:
5627:
5622:
5618:
5613:
5609:
5604:
5600:
5595:
5591:
5586:
5582:
5577:
5573:
5557:
5553:
5548:
5544:
5539:
5532:
5530:
5524:
5521:
5512:
5510:
5504:
5501:
5492:
5490:
5484:
5481:
5472:
5470:
5464:
5461:
5452:
5450:
5444:
5441:
5432:
5430:
5424:
5423:Straw underwing
5421:
5412:
5410:
5404:
5401:
5392:
5390:
5387:Hadula melanopa
5384:
5381:
5372:
5370:
5364:
5361:
5352:
5350:
5347:Anarta myrtilli
5344:
5341:
5332:
5330:
5324:
5321:
5312:
5310:
5304:
5301:
5292:
5290:
5284:
5281:
5272:
5270:
5264:
5261:
5252:
5250:
5244:
5241:
5232:
5230:
5227:Noctua janthina
5224:
5221:
5212:
5210:
5204:
5201:
5192:
5190:
5184:
5181:
5172:
5170:
5164:
5161:
5152:
5150:
5144:
5141:
5132:
5130:
5124:
5121:
5112:
5110:
5104:
5103:White underwing
5101:
5092:
5090:
5087:Minucia lunaris
5084:
5083:Brown underwing
5081:
5072:
5070:
5064:
5063:Black underwing
5061:
4983:Straw underwing
4953:Lunar underwing
4937:Hadula melanopa
4913:Black underwing
4853:white underwing
4836:Minucia lunaris
4832:Brown underwing
4826:Anarta myrtilli
4810:
4803:
4802:widow underwing
4801:
4794:
4785:
4783:
4772:
4763:
4761:
4754:
4745:
4743:
4736:
4727:
4726:Texan underwing
4725:
4718:
4709:
4707:
4700:
4691:
4689:
4686:Catocala serena
4682:
4673:
4671:
4663:
4654:
4652:
4645:
4636:
4634:
4626:
4617:
4615:
4608:
4599:
4597:
4590:
4581:
4579:
4571:
4562:
4560:
4553:
4544:
4542:
4535:Catocala meskei
4531:
4522:
4520:
4513:
4504:
4502:
4495:
4486:
4484:
4477:
4468:
4466:
4459:
4450:
4448:
4441:
4432:
4430:
4423:
4414:
4412:
4409:Catocala judith
4405:
4396:
4394:
4387:
4378:
4376:
4369:
4360:
4358:
4351:
4342:
4340:
4333:
4324:
4322:
4315:Catocala hermia
4311:
4302:
4300:
4293:
4284:
4283:woody underwing
4282:
4279:Catocala grynea
4275:
4266:
4264:
4257:
4248:
4241:
4232:
4230:
4223:
4214:
4212:
4205:
4196:
4194:
4183:
4174:
4172:
4165:
4156:
4154:
4147:
4138:
4136:
4129:
4120:
4118:
4111:
4102:
4100:
4092:
4083:
4081:
4074:
4065:
4063:
4056:
4047:
4045:
4042:Catocala angusi
4038:
4029:
4027:
4020:
4011:
4008:Catocala allusa
4004:
3995:
3990:
3988:
3981:
3972:
3967:
3965:
3952:
3938:
3838:Catocala serena
3818:Catocala sappho
3620:Catocala minuta
3592:Catocala meskei
3559:– sad underwing
3488:Catocala judith
3388:Catocala hermia
3372:Catocala grynea
3302:Catocala epione
3121:Catocala caesia
3057:Catocala angusi
2997:Catocala allusa
2956:
2946:
2944:
2941:Catocala sponsa
2937:
2928:
2921:
2912:
2907:
2900:
2891:
2889:
2882:
2873:
2866:
2857:
2854:Catocala optata
2850:
2841:
2839:
2832:
2823:
2816:
2807:
2802:
2800:
2793:
2784:
2777:
2768:
2761:
2752:
2749:Catocala lupina
2745:
2736:
2729:
2720:
2713:
2704:
2699:
2692:
2683:
2675:
2673:
2666:
2657:
2650:
2641:
2639:
2632:
2623:
2621:
2618:Catocala electa
2614:
2605:
2598:
2589:
2582:
2573:
2566:
2557:
2550:
2541:
2534:
2525:
2518:
2509:
2506:Catocala actaea
2502:
2488:
2315:Catocala sponsa
2212:Catocala puella
2192:Catocala pudica
2186:Alphéraky, 1895
2147:Catocala pirata
2123:Catocala patala
2098:Catocala optima
2091:Catocala optata
2068:Alphéraky, 1879
2024:– red underwing
2014:Catocala nubila
1942:Bang-Haas, 1927
1864:Catocala lupina
1847:Catocala lesbia
1830:Catocala leechi
1726:Catocala juncta
1689:Catocala invasa
1625:Catocala hoferi
1615:Catocala hoenei
1608:Catocala helena
1598:Catocala hariti
1592:Bang-Haas, 1936
1588:Catocala haitzi
1582:Schawerda, 1934
1568:Catocala gansan
1437:Catocala electa
1305:Eversmann, 1843
1291:Catocala davidi
1275:Bang-Haas, 1927
1191:Catocala borthi
1140:Catocala ariana
1124:Bang-Haas, 1907
1069:Ménétries, 1856
1055:Catocala actaea
1030:Catocala abacta
1024:
1016:
679:junior synonyms
671:
626:
604:The genus name
323:
280:underwing moths
259:is a generally
220:
211:
188:
89:
70:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6396:
6386:
6385:
6380:
6363:
6362:
6360:
6359:
6346:
6333:
6320:
6307:
6294:
6281:
6268:
6255:
6242:
6233:Fauna Europaea
6229:
6216:
6203:
6190:
6180:
6167:
6154:
6144:
6129:
6113:
6111:
6105:
6104:
6093:
6092:
6077:
6051:
6050:External links
6048:
6047:
6046:
6045:. 50: 125–126.
6039:
6024:
6013:
6012:. 19: 255–262.
6002:
5987:
5972:
5961:
5946:
5927:
5916:
5902:
5901:
5856:
5854:
5847:
5841:
5838:
5837:
5836:
5826:
5815:(4): 573–588.
5804:
5784:Schrank, 1802"
5775:
5762:
5751:
5738:
5736:on 2007-06-15.
5713:(2): 349–368.
5695:
5685:Fauna Europaea
5679:
5676:
5673:
5672:
5655:
5639:Schrank, 1802"
5625:
5616:
5607:
5598:
5589:
5580:
5571:
5560:Hampson, G. F.
5551:
5541:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5534:
5533:
5522:
5515:
5513:
5502:
5495:
5493:
5482:
5475:
5473:
5462:
5455:
5453:
5442:
5435:
5433:
5422:
5415:
5413:
5402:
5395:
5393:
5382:
5375:
5373:
5362:
5355:
5353:
5342:
5335:
5333:
5322:
5315:
5313:
5302:
5295:
5293:
5282:
5275:
5273:
5262:
5255:
5253:
5242:
5235:
5233:
5222:
5215:
5213:
5207:Noctua pronuba
5202:
5195:
5193:
5182:
5175:
5173:
5162:
5155:
5153:
5142:
5135:
5133:
5122:
5115:
5113:
5102:
5095:
5093:
5082:
5075:
5073:
5062:
5055:
5052:
5051:
5041:
5017:
5016:
5005:
4991:
4990:
4980:
4970:
4960:
4950:
4940:
4930:
4920:
4906:
4905:
4891:
4890:
4880:
4866:
4865:
4849:
4839:
4829:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4804:
4798:Catocala vidua
4795:
4788:
4786:
4781:beutenmuelleri
4773:
4766:
4764:
4755:
4748:
4746:
4737:
4730:
4728:
4719:
4712:
4710:
4701:
4694:
4692:
4683:
4676:
4674:
4664:
4657:
4655:
4646:
4639:
4637:
4627:
4620:
4618:
4609:
4602:
4600:
4591:
4584:
4582:
4572:
4565:
4563:
4554:
4547:
4545:
4532:
4525:
4523:
4514:
4507:
4505:
4496:
4489:
4487:
4478:
4471:
4469:
4460:
4453:
4451:
4442:
4435:
4433:
4424:
4417:
4415:
4406:
4399:
4397:
4388:
4381:
4379:
4370:
4363:
4361:
4355:Catocala irene
4352:
4345:
4343:
4334:
4327:
4325:
4312:
4305:
4303:
4294:
4287:
4285:
4276:
4269:
4267:
4258:
4251:
4249:
4242:
4235:
4233:
4224:
4217:
4215:
4206:
4199:
4197:
4184:
4177:
4175:
4173:pink underwing
4166:
4159:
4157:
4148:
4141:
4139:
4130:
4123:
4121:
4112:
4105:
4103:
4093:
4086:
4084:
4078:Catocala badia
4075:
4068:
4066:
4057:
4050:
4048:
4039:
4032:
4030:
4021:
4014:
4012:
4005:
3998:
3996:
3985:Catocala amica
3982:
3975:
3973:
3953:
3946:
3937:
3936:
3928:
3921:
3917:Catocala vidua
3913:
3905:
3897:
3890:
3882:
3874:
3866:
3858:
3850:
3842:
3834:
3822:
3814:
3806:
3805:
3804:
3782:
3774:
3766:
3765:
3764:
3746:
3738:
3730:
3726:Catocala parta
3722:
3710:
3702:
3695:
3687:
3679:
3667:
3659:
3648:
3640:
3632:
3624:
3616:
3608:
3596:
3588:
3580:
3572:
3560:
3552:
3544:
3541:C. protonympha
3532:
3520:
3512:
3504:
3492:
3484:
3476:
3464:
3456:
3452:Catocala irene
3448:
3440:
3432:
3424:
3416:
3413:C. semirelicta
3411:(sometimes in
3404:
3396:
3384:
3376:
3368:
3360:
3352:
3344:
3337:
3332:(sometimes in
3325:
3317:
3310:
3298:
3291:
3283:
3278:, formerly in
3267:
3259:
3251:
3243:
3235:
3227:
3219:
3211:
3203:
3198:(sometimes in
3191:
3184:
3179:(sometimes in
3172:
3164:
3152:
3144:
3137:
3125:
3117:
3109:
3101:
3089:
3085:Catocala badia
3081:
3073:
3061:
3053:
3045:
3037:
3029:Catocala amica
3025:
3017:
3005:
3000:(sometimes in
2993:
2981:
2973:
2965:
2957:
2955:
2949:
2948:
2947:
2938:
2931:
2929:
2922:
2915:
2913:
2901:
2894:
2892:
2883:
2876:
2874:
2870:Catocala pacta
2867:
2860:
2858:
2851:
2844:
2842:
2833:
2826:
2824:
2817:
2810:
2808:
2797:Catocala nupta
2794:
2787:
2785:
2778:
2771:
2769:
2762:
2755:
2753:
2746:
2739:
2737:
2730:
2723:
2721:
2714:
2707:
2705:
2693:
2686:
2684:
2674:blue underwing
2667:
2660:
2658:
2651:
2644:
2642:
2633:
2626:
2624:
2622:rosy underwing
2615:
2608:
2606:
2599:
2592:
2590:
2583:
2576:
2574:
2567:
2560:
2558:
2551:
2544:
2542:
2535:
2528:
2526:
2519:
2512:
2510:
2503:
2496:
2487:
2486:
2476:
2461:
2454:
2444:
2437:
2427:
2425:Oberthür, 1881
2417:
2407:
2404:Catocala tokui
2400:
2396:Catocala timur
2392:
2382:
2372:
2365:
2363:Sviridov, 1997
2355:
2350:(sometimes in
2343:
2336:
2326:
2319:
2311:
2304:
2302:Sviridov, 2004
2294:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2258:
2248:
2241:
2234:
2227:
2215:
2208:
2198:
2188:
2178:
2170:
2160:
2150:
2143:
2136:
2129:
2119:
2109:
2106:Catocala pacta
2102:
2094:
2087:
2080:
2078:Ishizuka, 2001
2070:
2060:
2050:
2042:
2032:
2025:
2021:Catocala nupta
2017:
2010:
2004:Catocala nivea
2000:
1985:
1978:
1976:Sviridov, 1996
1968:
1961:
1951:
1948:Catocala musmi
1944:
1934:
1924:
1917:
1915:Ishizuka, 2011
1907:
1905:Oberthür, 1881
1897:
1890:
1880:
1870:
1860:
1850:
1843:
1833:
1826:
1820:Catocala laura
1816:
1814:Oberthür, 1881
1806:
1796:
1794:Püngeler, 1914
1786:
1779:
1769:
1759:
1757:Ishizuka, 2007
1749:
1747:Ishizuka, 2003
1739:
1737:Ishizuka, 2006
1733:Catocala jyoka
1729:
1722:
1720:Ishizuka, 2003
1716:Catocala jouga
1712:
1702:
1692:
1685:
1678:
1668:
1658:
1648:
1646:Draeseke, 1927
1638:
1631:
1621:
1611:
1604:
1594:
1584:
1574:
1564:
1557:
1545:
1535:
1529:Catocala fredi
1525:
1513:
1503:
1493:
1486:
1479:
1469:
1461:
1459:Ishizuka, 2010
1451:
1441:
1433:
1426:
1419:
1412:
1405:
1398:
1391:
1381:
1369:
1362:
1343:
1336:
1326:
1319:
1314:(sometimes in
1307:
1297:
1295:Oberthür, 1881
1287:
1277:
1267:
1260:
1253:
1246:
1238:
1231:
1229:Ishizuka, 2011
1221:
1215:Catocala catei
1211:
1204:
1197:
1187:
1180:
1172:Catocala bella
1168:
1158:
1146:
1136:
1126:
1116:
1101:
1091:
1081:
1071:
1061:
1051:
1036:
1025:
1023:
1017:
1015:
1014:
1006:
998:
990:
982:
974:
962:
954:
946:
940:Hübner, 1827 (
934:
926:
918:
907:
899:
891:
883:
875:
867:
855:
847:
839:
827:
815:
807:
801:Hübner, 1806 (
795:
787:
779:
771:
756:
748:
736:
725:
711:
700:
687:
670:
667:
625:
624:Classification
622:
524:) and various
502:(poplars) and
322:
319:
270:in the family
250:
249:
243:
242:
236:
235:
229:
228:
222:
221:
212:
208:Phalaena nupta
203:
202:
196:
195:
181:
177:
176:
171:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
141:
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
121:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
101:
97:
96:
83:
82:
67:C. semirelicta
59:
58:
50:
49:
27:Genus of moths
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6395:
6384:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6375:
6373:
6356:
6351:
6347:
6343:
6338:
6334:
6330:
6325:
6321:
6317:
6312:
6308:
6304:
6299:
6295:
6291:
6286:
6282:
6278:
6273:
6269:
6265:
6260:
6256:
6252:
6247:
6243:
6239:
6234:
6230:
6226:
6221:
6217:
6213:
6208:
6204:
6200:
6195:
6191:
6187:
6181:
6177:
6172:
6168:
6164:
6159:
6155:
6151:
6145:
6140:
6134:
6130:
6125:
6119:
6115:
6114:
6112:
6110:
6106:
6102:
6097:
6090:
6086:
6084:
6078:
6067:
6063:
6062:- Underwings"
6061:
6054:
6053:
6044:
6040:
6038:(2): 122–123.
6037:
6033:
6029:
6025:
6023:(4): 272–275.
6022:
6018:
6014:
6011:
6007:
6003:
6001:(2): 124–126.
6000:
5996:
5992:
5988:
5985:
5981:
5977:
5973:
5970:
5966:
5962:
5960:(2): 127–129.
5959:
5955:
5951:
5947:
5944:
5940:
5936:
5934:
5928:
5925:
5921:
5917:
5914:
5910:
5906:
5905:
5898:
5895:
5887:
5877:
5873:
5867:
5866:
5860:
5855:
5846:
5845:
5835:
5831:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5818:
5814:
5811:
5810:
5805:
5793:
5789:
5785:
5783:
5776:
5773:
5772:
5767:
5763:
5760:
5756:
5752:
5750:
5746:
5743:
5739:
5732:
5728:
5724:
5720:
5716:
5712:
5708:
5701:
5696:
5693:
5692:
5688:(FE) (2011):
5687:
5686:
5682:
5681:
5669:
5665:
5659:
5644:
5640:
5638:
5629:
5620:
5611:
5602:
5593:
5584:
5575:
5567:
5566:
5561:
5555:
5546:
5542:
5529:
5528:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5508:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5488:
5479:
5474:
5469:
5468:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5448:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5428:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5408:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5388:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5368:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5348:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5328:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5308:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5288:
5287:Noctua orbona
5279:
5274:
5269:
5268:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5248:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5228:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5208:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5188:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5168:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5148:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5128:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5108:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5088:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5068:
5059:
5054:
5053:
5049:
5045:
5042:
5039:
5035:
5032:
5031:
5030:
5028:
5027:geometer moth
5024:
5023:
5015:
5014:
5009:
5006:
5003:
4999:
4996:
4995:
4994:
4988:
4984:
4981:
4978:
4974:
4971:
4968:
4964:
4961:
4958:
4954:
4951:
4948:
4944:
4941:
4938:
4934:
4931:
4928:
4924:
4921:
4918:
4914:
4911:
4910:
4909:
4903:
4899:
4896:
4895:
4894:
4888:
4884:
4881:
4878:
4874:
4871:
4870:
4869:
4864:
4863:
4858:
4854:
4850:
4847:
4843:
4840:
4837:
4833:
4830:
4827:
4823:
4820:
4819:
4818:
4816:
4800:
4799:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4778:
4777:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4759:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4741:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4723:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4705:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4687:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4668:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4650:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4631:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4613:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4595:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4576:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4558:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4537:
4536:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4518:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4500:
4493:
4488:
4485:sad underwing
4483:
4482:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4464:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4446:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4428:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4410:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4392:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4374:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4356:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4338:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4317:
4316:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4298:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4280:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4262:
4255:
4250:
4247:
4246:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4228:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4210:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4189:
4188:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4170:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4152:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4134:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4116:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4097:
4090:
4085:
4082:bay underwing
4080:
4079:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4061:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4043:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4025:
4018:
4013:
4010:
4009:
4002:
3997:
3994:
3987:
3986:
3979:
3974:
3971:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3957:
3950:
3945:
3944:
3943:
3942:
3934:
3933:
3929:
3927:
3926:
3922:
3919:
3918:
3914:
3911:
3910:
3906:
3903:
3902:
3898:
3896:
3895:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3859:
3856:
3855:
3851:
3848:
3847:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3835:
3832:
3828:
3827:
3823:
3820:
3819:
3815:
3812:
3811:
3807:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3787:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3775:
3772:
3771:
3767:
3762:
3759:
3758:
3756:
3752:
3751:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3723:
3720:
3716:
3715:
3711:
3708:
3707:
3706:Catocala orba
3703:
3701:
3700:
3696:
3693:
3692:
3688:
3685:
3684:
3680:
3677:
3673:
3672:
3668:
3665:
3664:
3660:
3654:
3653:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3641:
3638:
3637:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3628:Catocala mira
3625:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3614:
3613:
3609:
3606:
3602:
3601:
3597:
3594:
3593:
3589:
3586:
3585:
3581:
3578:
3577:
3573:
3570:
3566:
3565:
3561:
3558:
3557:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3542:
3538:
3537:
3533:
3530:
3526:
3525:
3521:
3518:
3517:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3505:
3502:
3498:
3497:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3485:
3482:
3481:
3477:
3474:
3470:
3469:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3460:Catocala jair
3457:
3454:
3453:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3441:
3438:
3437:
3433:
3430:
3429:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3420:Catocala ilia
3417:
3414:
3410:
3409:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3397:
3394:
3390:
3389:
3385:
3382:
3381:
3377:
3374:
3373:
3369:
3366:
3365:
3361:
3358:
3357:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3345:
3343:
3342:
3338:
3335:
3331:
3330:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3316:
3315:
3311:
3308:
3304:
3303:
3299:
3297:
3296:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3284:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3272:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3236:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3220:
3217:
3216:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3204:
3201:
3197:
3196:
3192:
3190:
3189:
3185:
3182:
3178:
3177:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3162:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3148:Catocala cara
3145:
3143:
3142:
3138:
3135:
3131:
3130:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3115:
3114:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3099:
3098:C. andromache
3095:
3094:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3071:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3051:
3050:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3038:
3035:
3031:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3022:
3018:
3015:
3011:
3010:
3006:
3003:
2999:
2998:
2994:
2991:
2987:
2986:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2974:
2971:
2970:
2966:
2964:
2963:
2959:
2958:
2953:
2943:
2942:
2935:
2930:
2927:
2926:
2919:
2914:
2911:
2906:
2905:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2887:
2880:
2875:
2872:
2871:
2864:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2837:
2830:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2814:
2809:
2806:
2801:red underwing
2799:
2798:
2791:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2775:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2759:
2754:
2751:
2750:
2743:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2733:Catocala lara
2727:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2711:
2706:
2703:
2698:
2697:
2690:
2685:
2682:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2664:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2637:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2619:
2612:
2607:
2604:
2603:
2596:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2580:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2564:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2548:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2532:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2516:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2500:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2492:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2474:
2471:(formerly in
2467:
2466:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2455:
2450:
2449:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2433:
2432:
2428:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2413:
2412:
2408:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2378:
2377:
2373:
2371:
2370:
2366:
2361:
2360:
2356:
2353:
2349:
2348:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2332:
2331:
2327:
2325:
2324:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2312:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2293:
2292:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2271:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2171:
2166:
2165:
2161:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2117:Kishida, 1981
2115:
2114:
2113:Catocala paki
2110:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2076:
2075:
2071:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2058:Austaut, 1879
2056:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1930:
1929:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1918:
1913:
1912:
1911:Catocala maso
1908:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1888:Vincent, 1919
1886:
1885:
1881:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1812:
1811:
1807:
1802:
1801:
1800:Catocala lara
1797:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1785:
1784:
1780:
1775:
1774:
1770:
1765:
1764:
1760:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1745:
1744:
1743:Catocala kaki
1740:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1728:
1727:
1723:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1708:
1707:
1703:
1698:
1697:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1664:
1663:
1659:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1555:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1523:
1519:
1518:
1514:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1475:
1474:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1462:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1447:
1446:
1445:Catocala ella
1442:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1418:
1417:
1416:Catocala dula
1413:
1411:
1410:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1370:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1317:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1252:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1219:Weisert, 1998
1217:
1216:
1212:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1178:
1174:
1173:
1169:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1144:Vartian, 1964
1142:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1109:Graeser, 1889
1107:
1106:
1102:
1099:Swinhoe, 1885
1097:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1049:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1010:
1007:
1002:
999:
994:
991:
986:
983:
978:
975:
971:
966:
963:
958:
955:
950:
947:
943:
938:
935:
930:
927:
922:
919:
915:
911:
908:
903:
900:
895:
892:
887:
884:
879:
876:
871:
868:
864:
859:
856:
851:
848:
843:
840:
836:
831:
828:
824:
819:
816:
811:
808:
804:
799:
796:
791:
788:
783:
780:
775:
772:
768:
764:
760:
757:
752:
749:
745:
740:
737:
733:
729:
726:
722:
721:
715:
712:
708:
704:
701:
697:
692:
689:
688:
686:
684:
680:
676:
666:
664:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
634:
631:
621:
619:
615:
611:
610:Ancient Greek
607:
602:
600:
596:
592:
587:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
536:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
506:
501:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
390:
386:
382:
378:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
351:
346:
344:
339:
337:
332:
328:
318:
316:
312:
308:
304:
299:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
262:
258:
257:
248:
244:
241:
237:
234:
230:
227:
223:
219:
215:
210:
209:
204:
201:
197:
192:
187:
186:
182:
179:
178:
175:
172:
169:
168:
165:
162:
159:
158:
155:
152:
150:Superfamily:
149:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
125:
122:
119:
118:
115:
112:
109:
108:
105:
102:
99:
98:
93:
88:
84:
80:
77:
73:
68:
64:
60:
56:
51:
48:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
6108:
6088:
6082:
6071:December 20,
6069:. Retrieved
6065:
6059:
6042:
6035:
6031:
6027:
6020:
6016:
6009:
6005:
5998:
5994:
5990:
5983:
5979:
5975:
5968:
5964:
5957:
5953:
5949:
5942:
5938:
5932:
5924:Gekkan-Mushi
5923:
5919:
5913:Gekkan-Mushi
5912:
5908:
5890:
5881:
5862:
5829:
5824:PDF fultlext
5812:
5807:
5798:December 20,
5796:. Retrieved
5792:the original
5787:
5781:
5770:
5749:PDF fulltext
5744:
5741:
5731:the original
5710:
5706:
5690:
5683:
5667:
5658:
5646:. Retrieved
5642:
5636:
5628:
5619:
5610:
5601:
5592:
5583:
5574:
5564:
5554:
5545:
5525:
5505:
5485:
5465:
5445:
5425:
5405:
5385:
5365:
5345:
5325:
5307:Noctua comes
5305:
5285:
5265:
5245:
5225:
5205:
5185:
5165:
5151:Amphipyrinae
5145:
5131:Amphipyrinae
5125:
5105:
5085:
5065:
5047:
5037:
5020:
5018:
5011:
5001:
4992:
4986:
4976:
4966:
4956:
4946:
4936:
4926:
4916:
4907:
4901:
4892:
4886:
4876:
4867:
4860:
4856:
4845:
4835:
4825:
4814:
4811:
4796:
4780:
4774:
4756:
4738:
4720:
4702:
4684:
4665:
4647:
4628:
4610:
4592:
4573:
4555:
4539:
4533:
4515:
4497:
4479:
4461:
4443:
4425:
4407:
4389:
4371:
4353:
4335:
4319:
4313:
4295:
4277:
4259:
4243:
4225:
4207:
4191:
4185:
4167:
4149:
4131:
4113:
4094:
4076:
4058:
4040:
4022:
4006:
3992:
3983:
3969:
3962:
3954:
3940:
3939:
3930:
3923:
3915:
3907:
3899:
3892:
3884:
3876:
3868:
3860:
3852:
3844:
3836:
3830:
3824:
3816:
3808:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3784:
3776:
3768:
3760:
3754:
3748:
3740:
3732:
3724:
3718:
3712:
3704:
3697:
3689:
3681:
3675:
3669:
3661:
3650:
3642:
3634:
3626:
3618:
3610:
3604:
3598:
3590:
3582:
3574:
3569:C. praeclara
3568:
3562:
3554:
3546:
3540:
3534:
3528:
3522:
3514:
3506:
3500:
3494:
3486:
3478:
3472:
3466:
3458:
3450:
3442:
3434:
3426:
3418:
3412:
3406:
3398:
3392:
3386:
3378:
3370:
3362:
3354:
3346:
3339:
3333:
3327:
3319:
3312:
3306:
3300:
3293:
3285:
3279:
3275:
3269:
3261:
3253:
3245:
3237:
3229:
3221:
3213:
3205:
3199:
3193:
3186:
3181:C. praeclara
3180:
3174:
3166:
3160:
3154:
3146:
3139:
3133:
3127:
3119:
3111:
3103:
3097:
3091:
3083:
3075:
3069:
3063:
3055:
3047:
3039:
3033:
3027:
3019:
3013:
3007:
3001:
2995:
2989:
2983:
2975:
2967:
2960:
2939:
2923:
2909:
2902:
2884:
2868:
2852:
2834:
2818:
2804:
2795:
2779:
2763:
2747:
2731:
2715:
2701:
2694:
2681:Hemigeometra
2680:
2677:type species
2668:
2652:
2634:
2616:
2600:
2584:
2568:
2552:
2536:
2520:
2504:
2490:
2489:
2478:
2472:
2469:Butler, 1877
2463:
2456:
2452:Hacker, 1999
2446:
2439:
2429:
2419:
2409:
2402:
2394:
2384:
2374:
2367:
2357:
2351:
2345:
2338:
2328:
2321:
2313:
2306:
2296:
2289:
2282:
2275:
2269:
2260:
2250:
2243:
2236:
2229:
2223:
2217:
2210:
2200:
2190:
2180:
2172:
2168:Walker, 1857
2162:
2158:Walker, 1858
2152:
2145:
2138:
2131:
2121:
2111:
2104:
2096:
2089:
2082:
2072:
2062:
2052:
2044:
2034:
2027:
2019:
2012:
2008:Butler, 1877
2002:
1996:
1987:
1980:
1970:
1963:
1953:
1946:
1936:
1932:Butler, 1877
1926:
1919:
1909:
1899:
1892:
1882:
1878:Brandt, 1938
1872:
1862:
1852:
1845:
1835:
1828:
1818:
1808:
1804:Bremer, 1861
1798:
1788:
1781:
1771:
1761:
1751:
1741:
1731:
1724:
1714:
1710:Butler, 1877
1704:
1694:
1687:
1680:
1670:
1666:Butler, 1889
1660:
1650:
1640:
1633:
1623:
1613:
1606:
1596:
1586:
1576:
1566:
1559:
1553:
1547:
1543:Warren, 1914
1537:
1527:
1522:Hemigeometra
1521:
1515:
1505:
1495:
1488:
1481:
1471:
1463:
1453:
1449:Butler, 1877
1443:
1435:
1428:
1421:
1414:
1407:
1400:
1393:
1389:Butler, 1889
1383:
1378:C. nigricans
1377:
1371:
1364:
1358:
1345:
1338:
1334:Warren, 1913
1328:
1321:
1315:
1309:
1299:
1289:
1279:
1269:
1262:
1255:
1248:
1240:
1233:
1223:
1213:
1206:
1199:
1189:
1182:
1177:C. serenides
1176:
1170:
1160:
1154:
1148:
1138:
1128:
1118:
1112:
1103:
1093:
1083:
1073:
1063:
1053:
1047:
1038:
1028:
1008:
1000:
992:
984:
976:
969:
964:
960:Hübner, 1823
956:
948:
941:
936:
928:
920:
910:Hemigeometra
909:
905:Hübner, 1823
901:
897:Hübner, 1823
893:
885:
881:Hübner, 1818
877:
869:
862:
857:
853:Hübner, 1823
849:
841:
834:
829:
822:
817:
809:
797:
793:Hübner, 1825
789:
781:
777:Hübner, 1822
773:
763:Ochsenheimer
758:
750:
743:
738:
727:
718:
713:
702:
690:
682:
674:
672:
649:
641:
635:
629:
627:
617:
613:
605:
603:
593:right up to
588:
582:) which are
579:
571:
563:
533:
521:
513:
510:Malpighiales
503:
497:
486:
478:
470:
462:
454:
446:
438:
431:Juglandaceae
415:caterpillars
412:
407:C. ilia
406:
380:
353:
348:
342:
340:
326:
324:
300:
295:
283:
279:
255:
254:
253:
246:
206:
200:Type species
184:
183:
75:
66:
46:
40:
36:Lamprosiella
6272:iNaturalist
6133:Wikispecies
5945:(1): 30–49.
5876:introducing
5668:Blepharonia
5371:Catocalinae
5351:Catocalinae
5111:Catocalinae
5091:Catocalinae
5067:Mormo maura
4917:Mormo maura
4851:(European)
3755:C. crataegi
3676:C. euphemia
3473:C. babayaga
3200:C. faustina
3132:(including
3002:C. faustina
2473:C. fulminea
2380:Moore, 1882
2268:(including
2256:Röber, 1927
2196:Moore, 1879
1993:Esper, 1805
1511:Okano, 1958
1376:(including
1175:(including
1153:(including
1111:(including
1046:(including
813:Hulst, 1884
790:Blepharonia
782:Blepharonia
774:Blepharidia
767:unavailable
739:Belpharidia
576:blueberries
451:walnut tree
399:Caterpillar
336:Lepidoptera
331:cryptically
144:Lepidoptera
81:from above
6372:Categories
5971:: 511–663.
5884:March 2012
5859:references
5678:References
5648:January 6,
5022:Archiearis
4653:the relict
3719:C. neogama
3280:C. delilah
2484:Chen, 1991
1959:Sugi, 1982
1858:Mell, 1936
1676:Mell, 1936
1656:Sugi, 1965
1619:Mell, 1936
1113:C. mabella
1048:C. scortum
1020:Palearctic
1012:Beck, 1966
1009:Simplicala
1004:Beck, 1966
996:Beck, 1966
988:Beck, 1966
980:Beck, 1966
952:Beck, 1966
889:Beck, 1966
873:Beck, 1966
845:Beck, 1966
842:Convercala
754:Beck, 1966
696:emendation
650:C. delilah
542:, or some
495:Salicaceae
423:Betulaceae
356:concentric
315:Indomalaya
311:Neotropics
284:underwings
282:or simply
174:Catocalini
154:Noctuoidea
124:Arthropoda
6183:ButMoth:
6010:Esperiana
5747:: 60–67.
5537:Footnotes
5471:Noctuinae
5451:Hadeninae
5431:Hadeninae
5411:Hadeninae
5391:Hadeninae
5331:Hadeninae
5311:Noctuinae
5291:Noctuinae
5271:Noctuinae
5251:Noctuinae
5231:Noctuinae
5211:Noctuinae
5191:Noctuinae
5171:Noctuinae
5071:Hadeninae
4580:the bride
4540:rosalinda
4098:benjamini
3970:Lamprosia
3605:Andrewsia
3334:C. hermia
3134:C. erichi
3070:Catabapta
3014:Lamprosia
2352:C. optata
2222:(type of
1995:(type of
1552:(type of
1155:C. davidi
1001:Reticcala
937:Lamprosia
929:Lamprosia
924:Nye, 1975
870:Divercala
830:Catocalla
810:Catabapta
798:Blepharum
703:Andrewsia
691:Andreusia
663:taxonomic
654:phylogeny
580:Vaccinium
568:ash trees
491:Old World
433:– mainly
385:nocturnal
364:predatory
261:Holarctic
226:Diversity
110:Kingdom:
104:Eukaryota
18:Underwing
6378:Catocala
6311:LepIndex
6171:BugGuide
6147:BioLib:
6139:Catocala
6124:Q2450100
6118:Wikidata
6109:Catocala
6089:Catocala
6083:Catocala
6066:BugGuide
6060:Catocala
6028:Catocala
5980:Atalanta
5950:Catocala
5920:Catocala
5782:Catocala
5771:Catocala
5727:53182157
5691:Catocala
5637:Catocala
5562:(1894).
4815:Catocala
4669:luctuosa
4577:euphemia
3801:luctuosa
3793:Catocala
3529:C. amica
3393:C. sheba
3307:Mormonia
3276:C. ixion
2952:Nearctic
2805:Catocala
1359:Astiotes
1351:Hübner,
993:Puercala
985:Promonia
977:Optocala
965:Mormosia
957:Mormonia
949:Metacala
932:Hübner,
818:Catacola
803:rejected
765:, 1816 (
759:Blephara
751:Bihemena
728:Astiotes
714:Astiodes
683:Catocala
675:Catocala
669:Synonyms
658:taxonomy
642:Catocala
630:Catocala
606:Catocala
595:daybreak
584:asterids
572:Fraxinus
556:eudicots
544:Fabaceae
540:Malvales
526:Rosaceae
514:Catocala
487:Castanea
483:chestnut
427:Fagaceae
377:blue jay
327:Catocala
296:Catocala
272:Erebidae
256:Catocala
240:Synonyms
214:Linnaeus
185:Catocala
164:Erebidae
160:Family:
120:Phylum:
114:Animalia
100:Domain:
47:Catocala
6290:1306088
6264:1797073
6058:"Genus
5872:improve
5025:of the
4632:dionyza
4320:diantha
3993:Corisce
3797:retecta
3161:C. cara
3034:Corisce
2954:species
2910:Eunetis
2702:Ephesia
2224:Eunetis
1554:Ephesia
1022:species
914:Haworth
902:Eunetis
878:Ephesia
858:Corisee
850:Corisce
612:words,
552:Fabidae
548:Fabales
546:of the
530:Rosales
528:of the
499:Populus
455:Juglans
447:Quercus
435:hickory
419:Fagales
401:of the
307:Eurasia
303:species
191:Schrank
180:Genus:
170:Tribe:
140:Order:
134:Insecta
130:Class:
74:of the
6355:913923
6316:277193
6303:189014
6238:446650
6225:1CATLG
6186:5312.0
5861:, but
5725:
5013:Noctua
4192:sancta
1997:Eucora
970:lapsus
921:Koraia
916:, 1809
894:Eucora
886:Eucala
863:lapsus
835:lapsus
823:lapsus
744:lapsus
734:, 1823
732:Hübner
720:lapsus
709:, 1882
574:) and
481:) and
479:Betula
449:) and
298:only.
292:plural
193:, 1802
6342:56375
6285:IRMNG
6277:83842
6212:66421
6199:924T3
6150:53197
5734:(PDF)
5723:S2CID
5703:(PDF)
5664:tribe
3963:nurus
707:Grote
685:are:
618:kalos
560:maple
535:Tilia
522:Ulmus
505:Salix
475:birch
471:Fagus
467:beech
463:Alnus
459:alder
439:Carya
362:of a
268:moths
264:genus
72:Imago
6337:NCBI
6298:ITIS
6259:GBIF
6220:EPPO
6163:7347
6158:BOLD
6073:2018
5969:1900
5800:2018
5650:2020
4813:Non-
1355:type
656:and
614:kato
599:noon
591:dusk
564:Acer
518:elms
429:and
413:The
389:bats
372:bird
360:eyes
341:In,
313:and
218:1767
79:form
76:pura
6324:NBN
6207:EoL
6194:CoL
6176:368
5817:doi
5715:doi
4779:f.
4538:f.
4318:f.
4190:f.
2679:of
1357:of
942:non
640:in
473:),
465:),
443:oak
441:),
368:cat
266:of
6374::
6352::
6339::
6326::
6313::
6300::
6287::
6274::
6261::
6248::
6235::
6222::
6209::
6196::
6173::
6160::
6135::
6120::
6087:.
6064:.
6036:18
6034:.
6021:17
6019:.
5999:18
5997:.
5984:39
5982:.
5967:.
5958:18
5956:.
5943:18
5941:.
5937:.
5813:80
5786:.
5768:–
5757:–
5745:63
5721:.
5711:62
5709:.
5705:.
5641:.
3960:f.
3799:)
3757:)
532:,
425:,
379:,
338:.
317:.
216:,
6081:"
6075:.
5897:)
5891:(
5886:)
5882:(
5868:.
5819::
5802:.
5780:"
5717::
5652:.
5635:"
5050:)
5046:(
5040:)
5036:(
5004:)
5000:(
4989:)
4985:(
4979:)
4975:(
4969:)
4965:(
4959:)
4955:(
4949:)
4945:(
4939:)
4935:(
4929:)
4925:(
4919:)
4915:(
4904:)
4900:(
4889:)
4885:(
4879:)
4875:(
4855:(
4848:)
4844:(
4838:)
4834:(
4828:)
4824:(
3833:)
3795:(
3721:)
3678:)
3607:)
3571:)
3543:)
3531:)
3503:)
3475:)
3415:)
3395:)
3336:)
3309:)
3282:)
3202:)
3183:)
3163:)
3136:)
3100:)
3072:)
3036:)
3016:)
3004:)
2992:)
2475:)
2354:)
2272:)
2226:)
1999:)
1556:)
1524:)
1380:)
1361:)
1353:(
1318:)
1179:)
1157:)
1115:)
1050:)
972:)
968:(
865:)
861:(
837:)
833:(
825:)
821:(
805:)
769:)
746:)
742:(
723:)
717:(
698:)
648:(
578:(
570:(
562:(
520:(
485:(
477:(
469:(
461:(
453:(
445:(
437:(
409:)
405:(
69:)
65:(
38:.
20:)
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