5839:
4078:
4758:
5147:
4133:
5467:
5387:
5107:
5507:
2678:
4191:
2652:
4594:
5307:
5347:
5087:
5207:
4499:
4539:
5127:
4409:
4373:
5327:
5167:
5487:
5247:
5427:
4006:
5447:
4517:
2779:
3938:
2818:
81:
4042:
5407:
4151:
5227:
2618:
4649:
5187:
4686:
4391:
2923:
5367:
4209:
4097:
4024:
2763:
4612:
2886:
2868:
5267:
4115:
3967:
4631:
4445:
4319:
4261:
4243:
4169:
4722:
4463:
4297:
2802:
4481:
5287:
4557:
5067:
4740:
2600:
4427:
4279:
4227:
4576:
4355:
4704:
2568:
2520:
2504:
4337:
2488:
4668:
2907:
2699:
2636:
2536:
4060:
5047:
4780:
2747:
2584:
2552:
2715:
2836:
2731:
3990:
2852:
384:
44:
338:
Palpi reaching just above vertex of head, the 2nd joint thickly scaled; antennae of male fasciculated; thorax smoothly scaled; abdomen with dorsal ridges of coarse hair on proximal segments, which are sometimes developed into tufts; fore tibia more or less hairy; hind tibia spined. Fore wing with the
322:
coloured except for the hindwings, which are marked with stripes in orange, red, white, or even blue. In some, the hindwings are mostly blackish. Unlike what the common name "underwings" seems to suggest, the colour is brightest on the upperside. However, the bright hindwings are not visible at rest,
621:
are here divided into a
Eurasian group, and another one which is found in North America. This does not imply actual relationships; it is mainly done to more conveniently deal with the large number of species. Still, it is not unlikely at all that the groups consist at least to some extent of closely
363:
or other small predator that is not used to this display is likely to be frightened, allowing the moth to escape. However, unlike some other bright-colored moths which are bad-tasting or even poisonous to predators, underwing moths are well palatable at least to some birds (e.g. the
649:
of the underwing moths is an ongoing effort, which has made (as of 2011) little progress. In the scientific literature, smaller subdivisions into putatively related species are sometimes applied, but there is no consistent and widely accepted
6174:
4801:
As noted in the introduction, some species besides the
Catocala species are also commonly known as "underwings". Typically however, the name is used with a qualifier, such as a color term, in these cases.
5768:
5918:
Müller, Gunter; Kravchenko, Vasiliy; Witt, Thomas; Junnila, Amy; Mooser, J.; Saldaitis, Aidas; Reshöft, K.; Ivinskis, Povilas; Zahiri, Reza & Speidel, Wolfgang (2008).
339:
apex nearly rectangular; the cilia crenulate. Hind wing with the cilia crenulate; vein 5 from below center of discocellulars. Larva with four pairs of abdominal prolegs.
586:. They are generally most active about two hours after nightfall. However, several if not all species of underwing moths have a second activity period exactly around
2190:
323:
being hidden under the dull forewings – hence the name. Due to their diversity and variety of colors and patterns, underwing moths are popular with collectors of
3640:
359:. An underwing moth, well camouflaged in its daytime resting spot on a tree trunk or branch, will suddenly flash open the hindwings when disturbed. A
2180:
5780:
5506:
3937:
6273:
5466:
4757:
5623:
5688:
5106:
6325:
5486:
5206:
4077:
5146:
5737:
2651:
5758:
5747:
5306:
5166:
5812:
5346:
3966:
5386:
5326:
6247:
5366:
2778:
6286:
5246:
5678:
5126:
4516:
5226:
5086:
4648:
4498:
4168:
6291:
5186:
4372:
2677:
5426:
4538:
5446:
5406:
5266:
4132:
641:); these and other hitherto unknown species are still being discovered and described in some numbers. Thus, resolving the
5286:
4611:
4593:
4005:
6299:
5795:
Stevens, Martin (2005): The role of eyespots as anti-predator mechanisms, principally demonstrated in the
Lepidoptera.
4296:
2817:
5066:
4190:
4114:
4041:
2885:
2867:
5882:
5860:
4408:
6226:
5853:
5754:
5743:
4390:
4242:
4208:
4096:
2922:
2617:
4739:
6330:
4685:
4318:
4150:
4023:
6239:
4721:
4480:
206:
4556:
4444:
4426:
406:
of most species feed on the leaves of woody plants, usually trees but sometimes shrubs. Typical food plants are
4921:
4871:
4336:
5046:
4575:
4354:
4278:
6312:
4462:
4260:
294:, slightly less than half are found in North America – mostly in the United States – while the rest occur in
4703:
4667:
2599:
4630:
6304:
6146:
4951:
298:. About one-fifth (almost 30) of these species are native to Europe. A few species occur in the northern
4779:
6371:
6151:
4810:
4059:
5729:
Nelson, John M. & Loy, Peter W. (1983): The
Underwing Moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of Oklahoma.
80:
5847:
5719:
2762:
1118:
695:
5552:
4226:
3129:
2801:
1771:
1150:
626:
264:
179:
2567:
2519:
2503:
380:, these moths also possess (like many of their relatives) fairly well-developed hearing organs.
6089:
5864:
5032:
4961:
2950:
2409:
1328:
751:
6278:
2906:
2698:
2635:
2535:
5475:
2487:
2219:
2024:
1909:
1640:
1418:
1073:
684:
547:. More unusually, underwing moth caterpillars have also been found to feed on such plants as
6343:
2746:
2583:
2551:
6195:
5395:
4886:
4764:
4545:
4505:
4379:
4175:
3897:
3814:
3600:
3572:
3468:
3432:
3219:
3117:
2468:
2072:
1842:
1761:
1245:
902:
51:
20:
3989:
2835:
2730:
8:
5515:
5355:
5315:
5135:
5095:
4600:
4157:
4048:
4012:
3702:
3632:
3504:
3211:
3176:
3164:
3053:
3037:
3029:
2824:
2714:
2364:
2128:
2121:
2042:
2034:
1926:
1798:
1660:
1650:
1630:
1549:
1478:
1397:
1361:
1311:
1213:
5689:"Diel flight periodicity and the evolution of auditory defences in the Macrolepidoptera"
2851:
6127:
5797:
5711:
5415:
5255:
4931:
4415:
4233:
4215:
4139:
4103:
4084:
3798:
3730:
3671:
3588:
3564:
3496:
3396:
3329:
3317:
3283:
3259:
3203:
3183:
3144:
3081:
2957:
2769:
2574:
2526:
2510:
2446:
2429:
2357:
2328:
2318:
2311:
2296:
2240:
2233:
2170:
2152:
1977:
1953:
1778:
1495:
1485:
1443:
1411:
1390:
1354:
1230:
1223:
1093:
651:
646:
590:, during which they are also regularly found on the wing for about 1–2 hours each day.
228:
75:
6366:
6338:
6182:
5919:
5235:
5115:
4911:
4728:
4487:
4469:
4433:
4325:
4249:
4121:
3920:
3913:
3874:
3738:
3651:
3552:
3544:
3524:
3512:
3484:
3424:
3388:
3352:
3344:
3336:
3309:
3302:
3275:
3235:
3195:
3156:
3093:
3009:
2973:
2965:
2913:
2892:
2874:
2808:
2705:
2684:
2642:
2542:
2436:
2399:
2374:
2347:
2286:
2279:
2272:
2250:
2207:
2162:
2142:
2062:
2017:
1970:
1960:
1916:
1889:
1872:
1862:
1825:
1684:
1623:
1566:
1537:
1527:
1471:
1373:
1259:
1252:
1172:
1108:
1053:
791:
634:
391:
5715:
6187:
6069:
5805:
5703:
5495:
5455:
5435:
5175:
5155:
5022:
4996:
4986:
4861:
4850:
4830:
4746:
4710:
4692:
4655:
4637:
4618:
4582:
4563:
4451:
4361:
4285:
4197:
3944:
3889:
3882:
3866:
3858:
3850:
3842:
3834:
3774:
3766:
3758:
3722:
3687:
3679:
3659:
3624:
3536:
3456:
3416:
3368:
3251:
3243:
3227:
3101:
3065:
2997:
2753:
2658:
2624:
2590:
2558:
2453:
2419:
2335:
2265:
2226:
2052:
1943:
1882:
1751:
1741:
1694:
1670:
1505:
1461:
1453:
1383:
1335:
1318:
1299:
1289:
1269:
1238:
1196:
1189:
1138:
1083:
1063:
1028:
755:
5652:
5375:
5335:
5215:
5075:
4971:
4941:
4901:
4841:
4820:
4674:
4523:
4397:
4303:
4267:
4030:
3996:
3826:
3806:
3608:
3580:
3476:
3376:
3360:
3290:
3109:
3045:
2985:
2929:
2842:
2737:
2606:
2494:
2303:
2200:
2135:
2111:
2086:
2079:
2002:
1852:
1835:
1818:
1714:
1677:
1613:
1603:
1596:
1586:
1576:
1556:
1425:
1279:
1179:
1128:
1043:
1018:
6317:
720:
6234:
6221:
6112:
5822:
5673:
5548:
5195:
4786:
4343:
4066:
3973:
3948:
3905:
3714:
3440:
3073:
3017:
2858:
2785:
2392:
2384:
2094:
2009:
1992:
1936:
1808:
1721:
1704:
1517:
1203:
1160:
667:
67:
5993:
Saldaitis, A. & Pekarsky, O. & Borth, R. (2014). "A new subspecies of
5809:
6360:
5275:
5015:
5001:
3694:
3616:
3448:
3408:
3136:
2721:
2101:
1899:
1788:
1731:
1433:
1404:
598:
555:) which belongs to a distant lineage of rosids, as well as on such plants as
202:
196:
5997:
Moore, 1879 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae (sensu lato): Erebinae) from
Mongolia".
3516:– lineella underwing, little lined underwing, steely underwing (formerly in
5707:
5295:
4806:"underwing moths" are typically owlet moths, namely: Subfamily Catocalinae
2665:
1343:
498:
419:
214:
188:
24:
6260:
6138:
6121:
5055:
564:
439:
403:
387:
324:
132:
5755:
Butterflies and Moths of the World, Generic Names and their Type-species
5744:
Butterflies and Moths of the World, Generic Names and their Type-species
6252:
5821:. George Routledge & Sons Ltd., Broadway House, Ludgate Hill, E.C.
5554:
The Fauna of
British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Moths Volume II
5010:
1008:
662:
Several distinct genera have formally been proposed for splitting from
483:
411:
344:
332:
The Fauna of
British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Moths Volume II
303:
299:
162:
142:
6265:
6208:
6164:
5900:
Leech, 1900 (Lepidoptela, Noctuidae), with description of new taxa".
642:
479:
373:
249:
112:
92:
6083:
6046:
6032:
6213:
6159:
6106:
2940:
575:
and quite unrelated to the other food plants by eudicot standards.
556:
532:
528:
514:
471:
415:
365:
352:
343:
It is believed that the bright colors, arranged in usually roughly
260:
152:
578:
The adults are predominantly nocturnal, flying from shortly after
5937:
Kravchenko, V. D., Speidel, W., et al. (2008). "A new species of
572:
544:
540:
536:
518:
487:
423:
407:
319:
295:
291:
597:
roughly means "beautiful hindwings". It is a combination of two
383:
43:
5557:. Taylor and Francis – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
708:
280:
122:
102:
6200:
6015:
Speidel, W., Ivinskis, P. & Saldaitis, A. (2008). "A new
5819:
English-Greek
Dictionary – A Vocabulary of the Attic Language
548:
523:
493:
463:
455:
447:
252:
60:
19:"Lamprosia" redirects here. For the metalmark butterfly, see
5911:
Schrank, 1802 from
Western China (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)".
5576:
Nelson & Loy (1983), and see references in Savela (2012)
4848:) – in North America, "white underwing" typically refers to
283:, not as part of a species name – they are used to refer to
587:
583:
579:
360:
256:
5683:. Version 2.4, January 27, 2011. Retrieved March 29, 2012.
5008:
However, the "orange underwings" are two species of genus
617:
There are over 250 species in this genus. The species of
506:
431:
377:
356:
348:
5763:. Version of November 5, 2004. Retrieved March 29, 2012.
5750:. Version of November 5, 2004. Retrieved March 29, 2012.
5967:
subspec. nov. aus Jordanien (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)".
6004:
Sinyaev, V., Saldaitis, A. & Ivinskis, P. (2007).
5982:, a new species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from China".
276:
4796:
5954:
Transactions of the Entomological Society of London
5651:"Blepharonia" was initially proposed as name for a
3488:– joined underwing, Stretch's underwing (including
3412:– beloved underwing, Ilia underwing, wife underwing
6358:
5686:
3604:– little nymph underwing, little bride underwing
2977:– Alabama underwing, titan underwing (including
1184:Saldaitis, Ivinskis, Floriani & Babics, 2012
605:(κάτω, "the rear one" or "the lower one"), and
6019:species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from China".
5731:Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science
5655:in 1823, and only established as a genus name
5567:Fullard & Napoleone (2001), Stevens (2005)
5538:FE (2011), and see references in Savela (2012)
3077:– bay underwing, bayberry underwing, old maid
1509:– blue underwing, Clifden nonpareil (type of
5687:Fullard, James H.; Napoleone, Nadia (2001).
670:. These synonyms and other invalid names of
539:; as the preceding, these all belong to the
482:and some North American species feed on the
5753:Pitkin, Brian & Jenkins, Paul (2004b):
5742:Pitkin, Brian & Jenkins, Paul (2004a):
5978:Saldaitis, A. & Ivinskis, P. (2008). "
3392:– Herodias' underwing, Gerhard's underwing
3239:– hawthorn underwing, chokeberry underwing
347:markings, at a casual glance resemble the
309:
42:
5963:Lewandowski, S. & Tober, K. (2008). "
5924:Christoph, 1887 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)"
5883:Learn how and when to remove this message
267:in 1802. The moths are commonly known as
6044:
5846:This article includes a list of general
3878:– dark red underwing, ultronia underwing
382:
279:, but usually – especially when used in
5941:from Israel (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)".
5907:Ishizuka, K. (2007). "A new species of
5547:
3041:– Andromeda underwing, gloomy underwing
2424:Sinyaev, Saldaitis & Ivinskis, 2007
1830:Speidel, Ivinskis & Saldaitis, 2008
1813:Speidel, Ivinskis & Saldaitis, 2008
6359:
5920:"New underwing taxa of the section of
5659:in 1825: Pitkin & Jenkins (2004a).
5621:
5212:Lesser broad-bordered yellow underwing
6088:
6087:
5777:Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
5632:Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
4999:proper, some 15 species in the genus
3105:– Briseis underwing, ribbed underwing
3069:– Atocala underwing, Brou's underwing
2255:Saldaitis, Ivinskis & Borth, 2010
1007:
446:) species, as well as others such as
275:. These terms are sometimes used for
6240:81016090-a842-493f-b14d-83d5a993aaa4
6045:Bartlett, Troy (February 16, 2018).
5832:
3930:Comparison of North American species
3085:– Benjamin's underwing (formerly in
2195:Saldaitis, Pekarsky & Borth 2014
666:, but these are all treated here as
654:treatment for the genus as a whole.
501:. Less common larval food plants of
3706:– old wife underwing (sometimes in
3556:– Manitoba underwing (sometimes in
3452:– Jair underwing, barrens underwing
3148:– carissima underwing (formerly in
2939:
221:
13:
6074:: Classification and Common Names"
5852:it lacks sufficient corresponding
5828:
5766:
3818:– semirelict underwing (including
3742:– precious underwing (formerly in
3279:– quiet underwing, sweet underwing
3215:– pink underwing, sleepy underwing
334:, the genus described as follows.
14:
6383:
6038:
3263:– Desdemona underwing (including
2404:Saldaitis, Kons & Borth, 2014
612:
6068:Oehlke, Bill (January 1, 2013).
5837:
5622:Savela, Markku (July 27, 2019).
5505:
5485:
5465:
5445:
5425:
5405:
5385:
5365:
5345:
5325:
5305:
5285:
5265:
5245:
5225:
5205:
5185:
5165:
5145:
5125:
5105:
5085:
5065:
5045:
4778:
4756:
4738:
4720:
4702:
4684:
4666:
4647:
4629:
4610:
4592:
4574:
4555:
4537:
4515:
4497:
4479:
4461:
4443:
4425:
4407:
4389:
4371:
4353:
4335:
4317:
4295:
4277:
4259:
4241:
4225:
4207:
4189:
4167:
4149:
4131:
4113:
4095:
4076:
4058:
4040:
4022:
4004:
3988:
3965:
3936:
3528:– Louise's underwing (including
3021:– girlfriend underwing (type of
3001:– sweetheart underwing (type of
2921:
2905:
2884:
2866:
2850:
2834:
2816:
2800:
2777:
2761:
2745:
2729:
2713:
2697:
2676:
2650:
2634:
2616:
2598:
2582:
2566:
2550:
2534:
2518:
2502:
2486:
1522:Bytinsky-Salz & Brandt, 1937
1274:Sviridov, Speidel, Reshöft, 1996
478:). The caterpillars of numerous
79:
5896:Ishizuka, K. (2002). "Notes on
5645:
5603:See references in Savela (2012)
5172:Broad-bordered yellow underwing
3762:– the relict, "white underwing"
3592:– Messalina underwing (type of
3460:– Jessica underwing (including
3057:– sweetfern underwing (type of
497:(willows), which belong to the
5615:
5606:
5597:
5588:
5585:Fullard & Napoleone (2001)
5579:
5570:
5561:
5541:
5532:
5372:Broad-bordered white underwing
5152:Mediterranean yellow underwing
4922:Broad-bordered white underwing
3380:– Hermia underwing (including
2480:Comparison of Eurasian species
1490:Saldaitis & Ivinskis, 2008
1:
6080:. Retrieved January 13, 2019.
5965:Catocala olgaorlovae duschara
5666:
2116:Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874
1048:Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874
527:(linden and basswood) of the
318:have medium to large adults,
23:. For the arctiid moths, see
5612:Pitkin & Jenkins (2004b)
5525:
3294:– Epione underwing (type of
1618:Ishizuka & Ohshima, 2003
1591:Ishizuka & Ohshima, 2002
1561:Ishizuka & M. Wang, 2013
1234:– Minsmere crimson underwing
633:, e.g. the group around the
7:
5332:Beautiful yellow underwing
5312:Small dark yellow underwing
5112:Svensson's copper underwing
4952:Small dark yellow underwing
4872:Svensson's copper underwing
3750:Catocala pretiosa texarkana
683:Hampson, 1913 (unjustified
657:
290:Of the more than 250 known
263:. The genus was erected by
10:
6388:
5500:Geometridae: Archiearinae
5480:Geometridae: Archiearinae
4811:Beautiful yellow underwing
3792:– yellow-fringed underwing
2323:Kishida & Suzuki, 2002
774:Hübner, 1823 (unavailable)
18:
6096:
5817:Woodhouse, S. C. (1910):
5810:10.1017/S1464793105006810
5520:Geometridae: Archiearinae
3160:– yellow-banded underwing
2166:– light crimson underwing
627:cryptic species complexes
372:). To assist in avoiding
234:
227:
220:
213:
194:
187:
76:Scientific classification
74:
50:
41:
34:
6021:Acta Zoologica Lituanica
6006:Acta Zoologica Lituanica
5984:Acta Zoologica Lituanica
5943:Acta Zoologica Lituanica
5928:Acta Zoologica Lituanica
5823:Searchable JPEG fulltext
4661:yellow-fringed underwing
3893:– once-married underwing
3778:– yellow-gray underwing
3576:– McDunnough's underwing
3436:– inconsolable underwing
2307:– dark crimson underwing
1119:Catocala amnonfreidbergi
5867:more precise citations.
5748:Blepharonia Hübner 1823
5352:Small yellow underwing
5292:Lesser yellow underwing
4857:Subfamily Amphipyrinae
4797:Other "underwing moths"
4126:yellow-banded underwing
3663:– the bride (including
3636:– little wife underwing
3130:Catocala californiensis
3113:– bluish-gray underwing
3013:– three-staff underwing
2879:light crimson underwing
1772:Catocala kuangtungensis
1151:Catocala artobolevskiji
1123:Kravchenko et al., 2008
1033:Bremer & Grey, 1853
310:Description and ecology
265:Franz von Paula Schrank
5708:10.1006/anbe.2001.1753
5492:Light orange underwing
5272:Lunar yellow underwing
5252:Least yellow underwing
5232:Least yellow underwing
5192:Large yellow underwing
5033:Light orange underwing
5018:family (Geometridae):
4962:Small yellow underwing
4751:once-married underwing
4550:little nymph underwing
4510:McDunnough's underwing
3820:C. nevadensis, C. pura
3802:– Robinson's underwing
3646:Kons & Borth, 2015
3644:- Myristica underwing
3033:– Andromache underwing
2951:Catocala abbreviatella
2934:dark crimson underwing
2410:Catocala triphaenoides
2191:Catocala pudica sabine
2038:– oak yellow underwing
2029:Herrich-Schäffer, 1852
1457:– French red underwing
1329:Catocala deuteronympha
933:Hübner, : preoccupied)
609:(καλός, "beautiful").
399:
341:
5952:Leech, J. J. (1900).
5512:Pale orange underwing
5476:Archiearis parthenias
5027:Archiearis parthenias
3924:– Whitney's underwing
3901:– Verrill's underwing
3752:– Texarkana underwing
3734:– praeclara underwing
3620:– wonderful underwing
3490:C. elsa, C. stretchii
3472:– Johnson's underwing
3428:– betrothed underwing
3223:– connubial underwing
3199:– Clinton's underwing
2979:C. olivia, C. titania
2961:– Agrippina underwing
2220:Catocala puerperoides
2025:Catocala nymphaeoides
1910:Catocala mesopotamica
1641:Catocala hyperconnexa
1419:Catocala editarevayae
1074:Catocala aestimabilis
386:
336:
6235:Fauna Europaea (new)
6030:Weisert, F. (1998).
5396:Polyphaenis sericata
4982:Subfamily Noctuinae
4946:Omphaloscelis lunosa
4936:Polyphaenis sericata
4897:Subfamily Hadeninae
4887:False underwing moth
4765:Catocala verrilliana
4546:Catocala micronympha
4506:Catocala mcdunnoughi
4380:Catocala johnsoniana
4176:Catocala connubialis
4090:Benjamin's underwing
4017:Andromache underwing
3978:girlfriend underwing
3955:sweetheart underwing
3898:Catocala verrilliana
3854:– youthful underwing
3815:Catocala semirelicta
3726:– penitent underwing
3601:Catocala micronympha
3573:Catocala mcdunnoughi
3480:– Judith's underwing
3469:Catocala johnsoniana
3433:Catocala insolabilis
3420:– Magdalen underwing
3348:– grisatra underwing
3340:– graceful underwing
3313:– mournful underwing
3247:– dejected underwing
3220:Catocala connubialis
3118:Catocala californica
3097:– charming underwing
2969:– Aholibah underwing
2829:oak yellow underwing
2629:French red underwing
2469:Catocala xizangensis
2073:Catocala olgaorlovae
1843:Catocala longipalpis
1762:Catocala kotschubeyi
1246:Catocala contemnenda
52:Semirelict underwing
21:Voltinia (butterfly)
5516:Boudinotiana puella
5356:Panemeria tenebrata
5316:Coranarta cordigera
5136:Amphipyra pyramidea
5096:Catephia alchymista
4966:Panemeria tenebrata
4956:Coranarta cordigera
4882:Subfamily Erebinae
4866:Amphipyra pyramidea
4846:Catephia alchymista
4835:Euparthenos nubilis
4773:Verrill's underwing
4601:Catocala palaeogama
4384:Johnson's underwing
4330:betrothed underwing
4220:Desdemona underwing
4184:connubial underwing
4158:Catocala concumbens
4108:carissima underwing
4053:sweetfern underwing
4049:Catocala antinympha
4013:Catocala andromache
3870:– Ulalume underwing
3838:– similar underwing
3770:– residua underwing
3703:Catocala palaeogama
3683:– obscure underwing
3675:– married underwing
3655:– clouded underwing
3633:Catocala muliercula
3628:– Miranda underwing
3584:– Meske's underwing
3568:– marbled underwing
3540:– shining underwing
3508:– Lincoln underwing
3505:Catocala lincolnana
3500:– tearful underwing
3444:– Irene's underwing
3372:– habilis underwing
3356:– Grote's underwing
3255:– Delilah underwing
3231:– consort underwing
3212:Catocala concumbens
3207:– scarlet underwing
3177:Catocala chelidonia
3165:Catocala charlottae
3140:– darling underwing
3054:Catocala antinympha
3038:Catocala andromedae
3030:Catocala andromache
2825:Catocala nymphagoga
2365:Catocala tapestrina
2129:Catocala persimilis
2122:Catocala pataloides
2090:– Turanga underwing
2043:Catocala oberthueri
2035:Catocala nymphagoga
1927:Catocala moltrechti
1799:Catocala largeteaui
1661:Catocala infasciata
1651:Catocala inconstans
1631:Catocala hymenoides
1550:Catocala fuscinupta
1479:Catocala flavescens
1398:Catocala dotatoides
1362:Catocala dissimilis
1312:Catocala desiderata
1214:Catocala chenyixini
370:Cyanocitta cristata
277:a few related moths
236:Numerous, see text
5980:Catocala florianii
5898:Catocala columbina
5798:Biological Reviews
5416:Thalpophila matura
5392:Guernsey underwing
5256:Noctua interposita
4976:Thalpophila matura
4932:Guernsey underwing
4891:Allotria elonympha
4733:dark red underwing
4697:youthful underwing
4624:penitent underwing
4605:old wife underwing
4492:Manitoba underwing
4438:lineella underwing
4416:Catocala lacrymosa
4402:Judith's underwing
4234:Catocala frederici
4216:Catocala desdemona
4140:Catocala coccinata
4104:Catocala carissima
4085:Catocala benjamini
3846:– sordid underwing
3830:– serene underwing
3810:– Sappho underwing
3799:Catocala robinsoni
3731:Catocala praeclara
3718:– mother underwing
3672:Catocala nuptialis
3641:Catocala myristica
3612:– little underwing
3589:Catocala messalina
3565:Catocala marmorata
3497:Catocala lacrymosa
3397:Catocala hippolyta
3330:Catocala frederici
3318:Catocala francisca
3284:Catocala electilis
3260:Catocala desdemona
3204:Catocala coccinata
3184:Catocala cleopatra
3145:Catocala carissima
3082:Catocala benjamini
3049:– Angus' underwing
2958:Catocala agrippina
2770:Catocala neonympha
2575:Catocala disjuncta
2527:Catocala conjuncta
2511:Catocala agitatrix
2447:Catocala wushensis
2430:Catocala viviannae
2358:Catocala szechuena
2329:Catocala streckeri
2319:Catocala stamensis
2312:Catocala sponsalis
2297:Catocala solntsevi
2259:C. pseudoformosana
2241:Catocala rhodosoma
2234:Catocala repudiata
2171:Catocala proxeneta
2153:Catocala prolifica
1978:Catocala neonympha
1954:Catocala nagioides
1857:Herrich-Schäffer,
1779:Catocala kusnezovi
1496:Catocala formosana
1486:Catocala florianii
1444:Catocala ellamajor
1412:Catocala duplicata
1391:Catocala doerriesi
1355:Catocala disjuncta
1231:Catocala coniuncta
1224:Catocala columbina
1094:Catocala agitatrix
625:There are several
400:
376:predators such as
355:animal, such as a
6372:Noctuoidea genera
6354:
6353:
6339:Open Tree of Life
6090:Taxon identifiers
5893:
5892:
5885:
5432:Blossom underwing
5236:Noctua interjecta
5116:Amphipyra berbera
4997:Yellow underwings
4912:Blossom underwing
4876:Amphipyra berbera
4729:Catocala ultronia
4587:obscure underwing
4532:Meske's underwing
4488:Catocala manitoba
4470:Catocala maestosa
4456:shining underwing
4434:Catocala lineella
4420:tearful underwing
4366:Jessica underwing
4348:Irene's underwing
4326:Catocala innubens
4290:habilis underwing
4254:Grote's underwing
4250:Catocala grotiana
4202:Delilah underwing
4144:scarlet underwing
4122:Catocala cerogama
3921:Catocala whitneyi
3914:Catocala violenta
3909:– widow underwing
3875:Catocala ultronia
3862:– Texan underwing
3739:Catocala pretiosa
3652:Catocala nebulosa
3647:
3553:Catocala manitoba
3545:Catocala maestosa
3525:Catocala louiseae
3513:Catocala lineella
3485:Catocala junctura
3425:Catocala innubens
3389:Catocala herodias
3364:– woody underwing
3353:Catocala grotiana
3345:Catocala grisatra
3337:Catocala gracilis
3310:Catocala flebilis
3303:Catocala faustina
3276:Catocala dulciola
3236:Catocala crataegi
3196:Catocala clintoni
3157:Catocala cerogama
3094:Catocala blandula
3010:Catocala amestris
2974:Catocala alabamae
2966:Catocala aholibah
2914:Catocala separata
2893:Catocala puerpera
2875:Catocala promissa
2809:Catocala nymphaea
2706:Catocala hymenaea
2685:Catocala fulminea
2643:Catocala eutychea
2543:Catocala conversa
2474:
2459:
2442:
2437:Catocala weigerti
2425:
2415:
2405:
2400:Catocala toropovi
2388:– Timur underwing
2380:
2379:A. E. Prout, 1924
2375:Catocala thomsoni
2370:
2353:
2348:Catocala svetlana
2324:
2292:
2287:Catocala sinyaevi
2280:Catocala separata
2273:Catocala separans
2256:
2251:Catocala seibaldi
2246:
2208:Catocala puerpera
2196:
2186:
2176:
2163:Catocala promissa
2158:
2148:
2143:Catocala praegnax
2117:
2107:
2068:
2063:Catocala ohshimai
2058:
2048:
2030:
2018:Catocala nymphaea
1998:
1983:
1971:Catocala neglecta
1966:
1961:Catocala naumanni
1949:
1932:
1922:
1917:Catocala mirifica
1905:
1895:
1890:Catocala martyrum
1878:
1873:Catocala maculata
1868:
1863:Catocala luscinia
1858:
1848:
1831:
1826:Catocala lehmanni
1814:
1804:
1794:
1784:
1767:
1757:
1747:
1737:
1727:
1710:
1700:
1690:
1689:A. E. Prout, 1924
1685:Catocala jansseni
1666:
1656:
1646:
1636:
1624:Catocala hymenaea
1619:
1609:
1592:
1582:
1572:
1567:Catocala giuditta
1562:
1538:Catocala fulminea
1533:
1528:Catocala fugitiva
1523:
1501:
1491:
1472:Catocala eutychea
1467:
1449:
1439:
1379:
1374:Catocala distorta
1341:
1324:
1305:C. kuangtungensis
1295:
1285:
1275:
1265:
1260:Catocala danilovi
1253:Catocala conversa
1219:
1209:
1185:
1173:Catocala bokhaica
1156:
1134:
1124:
1114:
1109:Catocala amabilis
1099:
1089:
1079:
1069:
1059:
1054:Catocala adultera
1049:
1034:
1024:
1002:
994:
986:
978:
970:
962:
950:
942:
934:
922:
914:
906:
895:
887:
879:
871:
863:
855:
843:
835:
827:
815:
803:
795:
783:
775:
767:
759:
744:
736:
724:
713:
699:
688:
635:Delilah underwing
622:related species.
543:lineage of rosid
392:beloved underwing
241:
240:
222:About 270 species
183:
6379:
6347:
6346:
6334:
6333:
6321:
6320:
6318:NHMSYS0000517663
6308:
6307:
6295:
6294:
6282:
6281:
6269:
6268:
6256:
6255:
6243:
6242:
6230:
6229:
6217:
6216:
6204:
6203:
6191:
6190:
6178:
6177:
6168:
6167:
6155:
6154:
6142:
6141:
6132:
6131:
6130:
6117:
6116:
6115:
6085:
6084:
6065:
6063:
6061:
5888:
5881:
5877:
5874:
5868:
5863:this article by
5854:inline citations
5841:
5840:
5833:
5792:
5790:
5788:
5783:on July 20, 2019
5779:. Archived from
5767:Savela, Markku.
5726:
5724:
5718:. Archived from
5696:Animal Behaviour
5693:
5660:
5649:
5643:
5642:
5640:
5638:
5619:
5613:
5610:
5604:
5601:
5595:
5594:Woodhouse (1910)
5592:
5586:
5583:
5577:
5574:
5568:
5565:
5559:
5558:
5545:
5539:
5536:
5509:
5496:Archiearis notha
5489:
5472:Orange underwing
5469:
5456:Peridroma saucia
5452:Pearly underwing
5449:
5436:Orthosia miniosa
5429:
5409:
5389:
5369:
5349:
5329:
5309:
5289:
5269:
5249:
5229:
5209:
5189:
5176:Noctua fimbriata
5169:
5156:Noctua tirrenica
5149:
5132:Copper underwing
5129:
5109:
5089:
5069:
5049:
5037:Archiearis notha
5023:Orange underwing
4991:Peridroma saucia
4987:Pearly underwing
4916:Orthosia miniosa
4862:Copper underwing
4851:Catocala relicta
4831:Locust underwing
4782:
4760:
4747:Catocala unijuga
4742:
4724:
4711:Catocala texanae
4706:
4693:Catocala subnata
4688:
4679:serene underwing
4670:
4656:Catocala retecta
4651:
4638:Catocala relicta
4633:
4619:Catocala piatrix
4614:
4596:
4583:Catocala obscura
4578:
4564:Catocala neogama
4559:
4541:
4519:
4501:
4483:
4465:
4452:Catocala luciana
4447:
4429:
4411:
4393:
4375:
4362:Catocala jessica
4357:
4339:
4321:
4312:Hermia underwing
4299:
4286:Catocala habilis
4281:
4263:
4245:
4229:
4211:
4198:Catocala delilah
4193:
4171:
4153:
4135:
4117:
4099:
4080:
4062:
4044:
4035:Angus' underwing
4026:
4008:
3992:
3980:type species of
3969:
3957:type species of
3945:Catocala amatrix
3940:
3890:Catocala unijuga
3883:Catocala umbrosa
3867:Catocala ulalume
3859:Catocala texanae
3851:Catocala subnata
3843:Catocala sordida
3835:Catocala similis
3775:Catocala retecta
3767:Catocala residua
3759:Catocala relicta
3723:Catocala piatrix
3698:– Orba underwing
3688:Catocala ophelia
3680:Catocala obscura
3660:Catocala neogama
3645:
3625:Catocala miranda
3537:Catocala luciana
3457:Catocala jessica
3417:Catocala illecta
3369:Catocala habilis
3252:Catocala delilah
3244:Catocala dejecta
3228:Catocala consors
3102:Catocala briseis
3066:Catocala atocala
2998:Catocala amatrix
2925:
2909:
2897:type species of
2888:
2870:
2854:
2838:
2820:
2804:
2792:type species of
2781:
2765:
2754:Catocala mariana
2749:
2733:
2717:
2701:
2689:type species of
2680:
2659:Catocala fraxini
2654:
2638:
2625:Catocala elocata
2620:
2602:
2591:Catocala diversa
2586:
2570:
2559:Catocala dilecta
2554:
2538:
2522:
2506:
2490:
2472:
2457:
2454:Catocala xarippe
2440:
2423:
2420:Catocala uljanae
2413:
2403:
2378:
2368:
2351:
2336:Catocala sultana
2322:
2290:
2266:Catocala seiohbo
2254:
2244:
2227:Catocala remissa
2194:
2184:
2174:
2156:
2146:
2115:
2105:
2066:
2056:
2053:Catocala obscena
2046:
2028:
1996:
1981:
1964:
1947:
1944:Catocala naganoi
1930:
1920:
1903:
1893:
1883:Catocala mariana
1876:
1866:
1856:
1846:
1829:
1812:
1802:
1792:
1782:
1766:Sheljuzhko, 1927
1765:
1756:Staudinger, 1892
1755:
1752:Catocala koreana
1745:
1742:Catocala kasenko
1735:
1725:
1708:
1698:
1695:Catocala jonasii
1688:
1671:Catocala intacta
1664:
1654:
1644:
1634:
1617:
1607:
1590:
1580:
1570:
1560:
1531:
1521:
1506:Catocala fraxini
1499:
1489:
1466:Staudinger, 1892
1465:
1462:Catocala eminens
1454:Catocala elocata
1447:
1437:
1429:– rosy underwing
1384:Catocala diversa
1377:
1339:
1336:Catocala dilecta
1322:
1319:Catocala detrita
1300:Catocala dejeani
1293:
1290:Catocala deducta
1283:
1273:
1270:Catocala dariana
1263:
1239:Catocala connexa
1217:
1207:
1197:Catocala butleri
1190:Catocala brandti
1183:
1155:Sheljuzhko, 1943
1154:
1139:Catocala armandi
1132:
1122:
1112:
1097:
1087:
1084:Catocala afghana
1078:Staudinger, 1892
1077:
1068:Sheljuzhko, 1943
1067:
1064:Catocala aenigma
1057:
1047:
1032:
1029:Catocala abamita
1023:Staudinger, 1900
1022:
1000:
992:
984:
976:
968:
956:
948:
940:
928:
920:
912:
901:
893:
885:
877:
869:
861:
849:
841:
833:
821:
809:
801:
789:
781:
773:
765:
750:
742:
730:
719:
705:
694:
682:
505:are for example
410:of the families
314:Most species of
178:
84:
83:
46:
32:
31:
6387:
6386:
6382:
6381:
6380:
6378:
6377:
6376:
6357:
6356:
6355:
6350:
6342:
6337:
6329:
6324:
6316:
6311:
6303:
6298:
6290:
6285:
6277:
6272:
6264:
6259:
6251:
6246:
6238:
6233:
6225:
6220:
6212:
6207:
6199:
6194:
6186:
6181:
6173:
6171:
6163:
6158:
6150:
6145:
6137:
6135:
6126:
6125:
6120:
6111:
6110:
6105:
6092:
6059:
6057:
6041:
5995:Catocala pudica
5975:(1-4): 377–378.
5922:Catocala lesbia
5915:. (439): 22–24.
5904:. (379): 12–13.
5889:
5878:
5872:
5869:
5859:Please help to
5858:
5842:
5838:
5831:
5829:Further reading
5786:
5784:
5722:
5691:
5669:
5664:
5663:
5650:
5646:
5636:
5634:
5620:
5616:
5611:
5607:
5602:
5598:
5593:
5589:
5584:
5580:
5575:
5571:
5566:
5562:
5546:
5542:
5537:
5533:
5528:
5521:
5519:
5513:
5510:
5501:
5499:
5493:
5490:
5481:
5479:
5473:
5470:
5461:
5459:
5453:
5450:
5441:
5439:
5433:
5430:
5421:
5419:
5413:
5412:Straw underwing
5410:
5401:
5399:
5393:
5390:
5381:
5379:
5376:Hadula melanopa
5373:
5370:
5361:
5359:
5353:
5350:
5341:
5339:
5336:Anarta myrtilli
5333:
5330:
5321:
5319:
5313:
5310:
5301:
5299:
5293:
5290:
5281:
5279:
5273:
5270:
5261:
5259:
5253:
5250:
5241:
5239:
5233:
5230:
5221:
5219:
5216:Noctua janthina
5213:
5210:
5201:
5199:
5193:
5190:
5181:
5179:
5173:
5170:
5161:
5159:
5153:
5150:
5141:
5139:
5133:
5130:
5121:
5119:
5113:
5110:
5101:
5099:
5093:
5092:White underwing
5090:
5081:
5079:
5076:Minucia lunaris
5073:
5072:Brown underwing
5070:
5061:
5059:
5053:
5052:Black underwing
5050:
4972:Straw underwing
4942:Lunar underwing
4926:Hadula melanopa
4902:Black underwing
4842:white underwing
4825:Minucia lunaris
4821:Brown underwing
4815:Anarta myrtilli
4799:
4792:
4791:widow underwing
4790:
4783:
4774:
4772:
4761:
4752:
4750:
4743:
4734:
4732:
4725:
4716:
4715:Texan underwing
4714:
4707:
4698:
4696:
4689:
4680:
4678:
4675:Catocala serena
4671:
4662:
4660:
4652:
4643:
4641:
4634:
4625:
4623:
4615:
4606:
4604:
4597:
4588:
4586:
4579:
4570:
4568:
4560:
4551:
4549:
4542:
4533:
4531:
4524:Catocala meskei
4520:
4511:
4509:
4502:
4493:
4491:
4484:
4475:
4473:
4466:
4457:
4455:
4448:
4439:
4437:
4430:
4421:
4419:
4412:
4403:
4401:
4398:Catocala judith
4394:
4385:
4383:
4376:
4367:
4365:
4358:
4349:
4347:
4340:
4331:
4329:
4322:
4313:
4311:
4304:Catocala hermia
4300:
4291:
4289:
4282:
4273:
4272:woody underwing
4271:
4268:Catocala grynea
4264:
4255:
4253:
4246:
4237:
4230:
4221:
4219:
4212:
4203:
4201:
4194:
4185:
4183:
4172:
4163:
4161:
4154:
4145:
4143:
4136:
4127:
4125:
4118:
4109:
4107:
4100:
4091:
4089:
4081:
4072:
4070:
4063:
4054:
4052:
4045:
4036:
4034:
4031:Catocala angusi
4027:
4018:
4016:
4009:
4000:
3997:Catocala allusa
3993:
3984:
3979:
3977:
3970:
3961:
3956:
3954:
3941:
3927:
3827:Catocala serena
3807:Catocala sappho
3609:Catocala minuta
3581:Catocala meskei
3548:– sad underwing
3477:Catocala judith
3377:Catocala hermia
3361:Catocala grynea
3291:Catocala epione
3110:Catocala caesia
3046:Catocala angusi
2986:Catocala allusa
2945:
2935:
2933:
2930:Catocala sponsa
2926:
2917:
2910:
2901:
2896:
2889:
2880:
2878:
2871:
2862:
2855:
2846:
2843:Catocala optata
2839:
2830:
2828:
2821:
2812:
2805:
2796:
2791:
2789:
2782:
2773:
2766:
2757:
2750:
2741:
2738:Catocala lupina
2734:
2725:
2718:
2709:
2702:
2693:
2688:
2681:
2672:
2664:
2662:
2655:
2646:
2639:
2630:
2628:
2621:
2612:
2610:
2607:Catocala electa
2603:
2594:
2587:
2578:
2571:
2562:
2555:
2546:
2539:
2530:
2523:
2514:
2507:
2498:
2495:Catocala actaea
2491:
2477:
2304:Catocala sponsa
2201:Catocala puella
2181:Catocala pudica
2175:Alphéraky, 1895
2136:Catocala pirata
2112:Catocala patala
2087:Catocala optima
2080:Catocala optata
2057:Alphéraky, 1879
2013:– red underwing
2003:Catocala nubila
1931:Bang-Haas, 1927
1853:Catocala lupina
1836:Catocala lesbia
1819:Catocala leechi
1715:Catocala juncta
1678:Catocala invasa
1614:Catocala hoferi
1604:Catocala hoenei
1597:Catocala helena
1587:Catocala hariti
1581:Bang-Haas, 1936
1577:Catocala haitzi
1571:Schawerda, 1934
1557:Catocala gansan
1426:Catocala electa
1294:Eversmann, 1843
1280:Catocala davidi
1264:Bang-Haas, 1927
1180:Catocala borthi
1129:Catocala ariana
1113:Bang-Haas, 1907
1058:Ménétries, 1856
1044:Catocala actaea
1019:Catocala abacta
1013:
1005:
668:junior synonyms
660:
615:
593:The genus name
312:
269:underwing moths
248:is a generally
209:
200:
177:
78:
59:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6385:
6375:
6374:
6369:
6352:
6351:
6349:
6348:
6335:
6322:
6309:
6296:
6283:
6270:
6257:
6244:
6231:
6222:Fauna Europaea
6218:
6205:
6192:
6179:
6169:
6156:
6143:
6133:
6118:
6102:
6100:
6094:
6093:
6082:
6081:
6066:
6040:
6039:External links
6037:
6036:
6035:
6034:. 50: 125–126.
6028:
6013:
6002:
6001:. 19: 255–262.
5991:
5976:
5961:
5950:
5935:
5916:
5905:
5891:
5890:
5845:
5843:
5836:
5830:
5827:
5826:
5825:
5815:
5804:(4): 573–588.
5793:
5773:Schrank, 1802"
5764:
5751:
5740:
5727:
5725:on 2007-06-15.
5702:(2): 349–368.
5684:
5674:Fauna Europaea
5668:
5665:
5662:
5661:
5644:
5628:Schrank, 1802"
5614:
5605:
5596:
5587:
5578:
5569:
5560:
5549:Hampson, G. F.
5540:
5530:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5523:
5522:
5511:
5504:
5502:
5491:
5484:
5482:
5471:
5464:
5462:
5451:
5444:
5442:
5431:
5424:
5422:
5411:
5404:
5402:
5391:
5384:
5382:
5371:
5364:
5362:
5351:
5344:
5342:
5331:
5324:
5322:
5311:
5304:
5302:
5291:
5284:
5282:
5271:
5264:
5262:
5251:
5244:
5242:
5231:
5224:
5222:
5211:
5204:
5202:
5196:Noctua pronuba
5191:
5184:
5182:
5171:
5164:
5162:
5151:
5144:
5142:
5131:
5124:
5122:
5111:
5104:
5102:
5091:
5084:
5082:
5071:
5064:
5062:
5051:
5044:
5041:
5040:
5030:
5006:
5005:
4994:
4980:
4979:
4969:
4959:
4949:
4939:
4929:
4919:
4909:
4895:
4894:
4880:
4879:
4869:
4855:
4854:
4838:
4828:
4818:
4798:
4795:
4794:
4793:
4787:Catocala vidua
4784:
4777:
4775:
4770:beutenmuelleri
4762:
4755:
4753:
4744:
4737:
4735:
4726:
4719:
4717:
4708:
4701:
4699:
4690:
4683:
4681:
4672:
4665:
4663:
4653:
4646:
4644:
4635:
4628:
4626:
4616:
4609:
4607:
4598:
4591:
4589:
4580:
4573:
4571:
4561:
4554:
4552:
4543:
4536:
4534:
4521:
4514:
4512:
4503:
4496:
4494:
4485:
4478:
4476:
4467:
4460:
4458:
4449:
4442:
4440:
4431:
4424:
4422:
4413:
4406:
4404:
4395:
4388:
4386:
4377:
4370:
4368:
4359:
4352:
4350:
4344:Catocala irene
4341:
4334:
4332:
4323:
4316:
4314:
4301:
4294:
4292:
4283:
4276:
4274:
4265:
4258:
4256:
4247:
4240:
4238:
4231:
4224:
4222:
4213:
4206:
4204:
4195:
4188:
4186:
4173:
4166:
4164:
4162:pink underwing
4155:
4148:
4146:
4137:
4130:
4128:
4119:
4112:
4110:
4101:
4094:
4092:
4082:
4075:
4073:
4067:Catocala badia
4064:
4057:
4055:
4046:
4039:
4037:
4028:
4021:
4019:
4010:
4003:
4001:
3994:
3987:
3985:
3974:Catocala amica
3971:
3964:
3962:
3942:
3935:
3926:
3925:
3917:
3910:
3906:Catocala vidua
3902:
3894:
3886:
3879:
3871:
3863:
3855:
3847:
3839:
3831:
3823:
3811:
3803:
3795:
3794:
3793:
3771:
3763:
3755:
3754:
3753:
3735:
3727:
3719:
3715:Catocala parta
3711:
3699:
3691:
3684:
3676:
3668:
3656:
3648:
3637:
3629:
3621:
3613:
3605:
3597:
3585:
3577:
3569:
3561:
3549:
3541:
3533:
3530:C. protonympha
3521:
3509:
3501:
3493:
3481:
3473:
3465:
3453:
3445:
3441:Catocala irene
3437:
3429:
3421:
3413:
3405:
3402:C. semirelicta
3400:(sometimes in
3393:
3385:
3373:
3365:
3357:
3349:
3341:
3333:
3326:
3321:(sometimes in
3314:
3306:
3299:
3287:
3280:
3272:
3267:, formerly in
3256:
3248:
3240:
3232:
3224:
3216:
3208:
3200:
3192:
3187:(sometimes in
3180:
3173:
3168:(sometimes in
3161:
3153:
3141:
3133:
3126:
3114:
3106:
3098:
3090:
3078:
3074:Catocala badia
3070:
3062:
3050:
3042:
3034:
3026:
3018:Catocala amica
3014:
3006:
2994:
2989:(sometimes in
2982:
2970:
2962:
2954:
2946:
2944:
2938:
2937:
2936:
2927:
2920:
2918:
2911:
2904:
2902:
2890:
2883:
2881:
2872:
2865:
2863:
2859:Catocala pacta
2856:
2849:
2847:
2840:
2833:
2831:
2822:
2815:
2813:
2806:
2799:
2797:
2786:Catocala nupta
2783:
2776:
2774:
2767:
2760:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2742:
2735:
2728:
2726:
2719:
2712:
2710:
2703:
2696:
2694:
2682:
2675:
2673:
2663:blue underwing
2656:
2649:
2647:
2640:
2633:
2631:
2622:
2615:
2613:
2611:rosy underwing
2604:
2597:
2595:
2588:
2581:
2579:
2572:
2565:
2563:
2556:
2549:
2547:
2540:
2533:
2531:
2524:
2517:
2515:
2508:
2501:
2499:
2492:
2485:
2476:
2475:
2465:
2450:
2443:
2433:
2426:
2416:
2414:Oberthür, 1881
2406:
2396:
2393:Catocala tokui
2389:
2385:Catocala timur
2381:
2371:
2361:
2354:
2352:Sviridov, 1997
2344:
2339:(sometimes in
2332:
2325:
2315:
2308:
2300:
2293:
2291:Sviridov, 2004
2283:
2276:
2269:
2262:
2247:
2237:
2230:
2223:
2216:
2204:
2197:
2187:
2177:
2167:
2159:
2149:
2139:
2132:
2125:
2118:
2108:
2098:
2095:Catocala pacta
2091:
2083:
2076:
2069:
2067:Ishizuka, 2001
2059:
2049:
2039:
2031:
2021:
2014:
2010:Catocala nupta
2006:
1999:
1993:Catocala nivea
1989:
1974:
1967:
1965:Sviridov, 1996
1957:
1950:
1940:
1937:Catocala musmi
1933:
1923:
1913:
1906:
1904:Ishizuka, 2011
1896:
1894:Oberthür, 1881
1886:
1879:
1869:
1859:
1849:
1839:
1832:
1822:
1815:
1809:Catocala laura
1805:
1803:Oberthür, 1881
1795:
1785:
1783:Püngeler, 1914
1775:
1768:
1758:
1748:
1746:Ishizuka, 2007
1738:
1736:Ishizuka, 2003
1728:
1726:Ishizuka, 2006
1722:Catocala jyoka
1718:
1711:
1709:Ishizuka, 2003
1705:Catocala jouga
1701:
1691:
1681:
1674:
1667:
1657:
1647:
1637:
1635:Draeseke, 1927
1627:
1620:
1610:
1600:
1593:
1583:
1573:
1563:
1553:
1546:
1534:
1524:
1518:Catocala fredi
1514:
1502:
1492:
1482:
1475:
1468:
1458:
1450:
1448:Ishizuka, 2010
1440:
1430:
1422:
1415:
1408:
1401:
1394:
1387:
1380:
1370:
1358:
1351:
1332:
1325:
1315:
1308:
1303:(sometimes in
1296:
1286:
1284:Oberthür, 1881
1276:
1266:
1256:
1249:
1242:
1235:
1227:
1220:
1218:Ishizuka, 2011
1210:
1204:Catocala catei
1200:
1193:
1186:
1176:
1169:
1161:Catocala bella
1157:
1147:
1135:
1125:
1115:
1105:
1090:
1080:
1070:
1060:
1050:
1040:
1025:
1014:
1012:
1006:
1004:
1003:
995:
987:
979:
971:
963:
951:
943:
935:
929:Hübner, 1827 (
923:
915:
907:
896:
888:
880:
872:
864:
856:
844:
836:
828:
816:
804:
796:
790:Hübner, 1806 (
784:
776:
768:
760:
745:
737:
725:
714:
700:
689:
676:
659:
656:
614:
613:Classification
611:
513:) and various
491:(poplars) and
311:
308:
259:in the family
239:
238:
232:
231:
225:
224:
218:
217:
211:
210:
201:
197:Phalaena nupta
192:
191:
185:
184:
170:
166:
165:
160:
156:
155:
150:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
110:
106:
105:
100:
96:
95:
90:
86:
85:
72:
71:
56:C. semirelicta
48:
47:
39:
38:
16:Genus of moths
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6384:
6373:
6370:
6368:
6365:
6364:
6362:
6345:
6340:
6336:
6332:
6327:
6323:
6319:
6314:
6310:
6306:
6301:
6297:
6293:
6288:
6284:
6280:
6275:
6271:
6267:
6262:
6258:
6254:
6249:
6245:
6241:
6236:
6232:
6228:
6223:
6219:
6215:
6210:
6206:
6202:
6197:
6193:
6189:
6184:
6180:
6176:
6170:
6166:
6161:
6157:
6153:
6148:
6144:
6140:
6134:
6129:
6123:
6119:
6114:
6108:
6104:
6103:
6101:
6099:
6095:
6091:
6086:
6079:
6075:
6073:
6067:
6056:
6052:
6051:- Underwings"
6050:
6043:
6042:
6033:
6029:
6027:(2): 122–123.
6026:
6022:
6018:
6014:
6012:(4): 272–275.
6011:
6007:
6003:
6000:
5996:
5992:
5990:(2): 124–126.
5989:
5985:
5981:
5977:
5974:
5970:
5966:
5962:
5959:
5955:
5951:
5949:(2): 127–129.
5948:
5944:
5940:
5936:
5933:
5929:
5925:
5923:
5917:
5914:
5910:
5906:
5903:
5899:
5895:
5894:
5887:
5884:
5876:
5866:
5862:
5856:
5855:
5849:
5844:
5835:
5834:
5824:
5820:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5807:
5803:
5800:
5799:
5794:
5782:
5778:
5774:
5772:
5765:
5762:
5761:
5756:
5752:
5749:
5745:
5741:
5739:
5735:
5732:
5728:
5721:
5717:
5713:
5709:
5705:
5701:
5697:
5690:
5685:
5682:
5681:
5677:(FE) (2011):
5676:
5675:
5671:
5670:
5658:
5654:
5648:
5633:
5629:
5627:
5618:
5609:
5600:
5591:
5582:
5573:
5564:
5556:
5555:
5550:
5544:
5535:
5531:
5518:
5517:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5497:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5477:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5457:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5437:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5417:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5397:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5377:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5357:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5337:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5317:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5297:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5277:
5276:Noctua orbona
5268:
5263:
5258:
5257:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5237:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5217:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5197:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5177:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5157:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5137:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5117:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5097:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5077:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5057:
5048:
5043:
5042:
5038:
5034:
5031:
5028:
5024:
5021:
5020:
5019:
5017:
5016:geometer moth
5013:
5012:
5004:
5003:
4998:
4995:
4992:
4988:
4985:
4984:
4983:
4977:
4973:
4970:
4967:
4963:
4960:
4957:
4953:
4950:
4947:
4943:
4940:
4937:
4933:
4930:
4927:
4923:
4920:
4917:
4913:
4910:
4907:
4903:
4900:
4899:
4898:
4892:
4888:
4885:
4884:
4883:
4877:
4873:
4870:
4867:
4863:
4860:
4859:
4858:
4853:
4852:
4847:
4843:
4839:
4836:
4832:
4829:
4826:
4822:
4819:
4816:
4812:
4809:
4808:
4807:
4805:
4789:
4788:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4767:
4766:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4748:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4730:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4712:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4694:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4676:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4657:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4639:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4620:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4602:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4584:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4565:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4547:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4526:
4525:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4507:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4489:
4482:
4477:
4474:sad underwing
4472:
4471:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4453:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4435:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4417:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4399:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4381:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4363:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4345:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4327:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4306:
4305:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4287:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4269:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4251:
4244:
4239:
4236:
4235:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4217:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4199:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4178:
4177:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4159:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4141:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4123:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4105:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4086:
4079:
4074:
4071:bay underwing
4069:
4068:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4050:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4032:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4014:
4007:
4002:
3999:
3998:
3991:
3986:
3983:
3976:
3975:
3968:
3963:
3960:
3953:
3950:
3947:
3946:
3939:
3934:
3933:
3932:
3931:
3923:
3922:
3918:
3916:
3915:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3903:
3900:
3899:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3887:
3885:
3884:
3880:
3877:
3876:
3872:
3869:
3868:
3864:
3861:
3860:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3840:
3837:
3836:
3832:
3829:
3828:
3824:
3821:
3817:
3816:
3812:
3809:
3808:
3804:
3801:
3800:
3796:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3776:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3764:
3761:
3760:
3756:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3741:
3740:
3736:
3733:
3732:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3712:
3709:
3705:
3704:
3700:
3697:
3696:
3695:Catocala orba
3692:
3690:
3689:
3685:
3682:
3681:
3677:
3674:
3673:
3669:
3666:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3654:
3653:
3649:
3643:
3642:
3638:
3635:
3634:
3630:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3619:
3618:
3617:Catocala mira
3614:
3611:
3610:
3606:
3603:
3602:
3598:
3595:
3591:
3590:
3586:
3583:
3582:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3562:
3559:
3555:
3554:
3550:
3547:
3546:
3542:
3539:
3538:
3534:
3531:
3527:
3526:
3522:
3519:
3515:
3514:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3502:
3499:
3498:
3494:
3491:
3487:
3486:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3466:
3463:
3459:
3458:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3449:Catocala jair
3446:
3443:
3442:
3438:
3435:
3434:
3430:
3427:
3426:
3422:
3419:
3418:
3414:
3411:
3410:
3409:Catocala ilia
3406:
3403:
3399:
3398:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3386:
3383:
3379:
3378:
3374:
3371:
3370:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3342:
3339:
3338:
3334:
3332:
3331:
3327:
3324:
3320:
3319:
3315:
3312:
3311:
3307:
3305:
3304:
3300:
3297:
3293:
3292:
3288:
3286:
3285:
3281:
3278:
3277:
3273:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3261:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3249:
3246:
3245:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3225:
3222:
3221:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3201:
3198:
3197:
3193:
3190:
3186:
3185:
3181:
3179:
3178:
3174:
3171:
3167:
3166:
3162:
3159:
3158:
3154:
3151:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3137:Catocala cara
3134:
3132:
3131:
3127:
3124:
3120:
3119:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3104:
3103:
3099:
3096:
3095:
3091:
3088:
3087:C. andromache
3084:
3083:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3063:
3060:
3056:
3055:
3051:
3048:
3047:
3043:
3040:
3039:
3035:
3032:
3031:
3027:
3024:
3020:
3019:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3007:
3004:
3000:
2999:
2995:
2992:
2988:
2987:
2983:
2980:
2976:
2975:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2947:
2942:
2932:
2931:
2924:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2908:
2903:
2900:
2895:
2894:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2876:
2869:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2853:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2826:
2819:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2803:
2798:
2795:
2790:red underwing
2788:
2787:
2780:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2764:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2748:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2732:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2722:Catocala lara
2716:
2711:
2708:
2707:
2700:
2695:
2692:
2687:
2686:
2679:
2674:
2671:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2653:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2626:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2608:
2601:
2596:
2593:
2592:
2585:
2580:
2577:
2576:
2569:
2564:
2561:
2560:
2553:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2537:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2521:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2505:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2489:
2484:
2483:
2482:
2481:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2463:
2460:(formerly in
2456:
2455:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2444:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2382:
2377:
2376:
2372:
2367:
2366:
2362:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2350:
2349:
2345:
2342:
2338:
2337:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2326:
2321:
2320:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2294:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2260:
2253:
2252:
2248:
2243:
2242:
2238:
2236:
2235:
2231:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2214:
2210:
2209:
2205:
2203:
2202:
2198:
2193:
2192:
2188:
2183:
2182:
2178:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2155:
2154:
2150:
2145:
2144:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2133:
2131:
2130:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2106:Kishida, 1981
2104:
2103:
2102:Catocala paki
2099:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2055:
2054:
2050:
2047:Austaut, 1879
2045:
2044:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2027:
2026:
2022:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2007:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1987:
1980:
1979:
1975:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1963:
1962:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1929:
1928:
1924:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1902:
1901:
1900:Catocala maso
1897:
1892:
1891:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1880:
1877:Vincent, 1919
1875:
1874:
1870:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1791:
1790:
1789:Catocala lara
1786:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1764:
1763:
1759:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1734:
1733:
1732:Catocala kaki
1729:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1707:
1706:
1702:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1687:
1686:
1682:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1643:
1642:
1638:
1633:
1632:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1579:
1578:
1574:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1552:
1551:
1547:
1544:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1508:
1507:
1503:
1498:
1497:
1493:
1488:
1487:
1483:
1481:
1480:
1476:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1445:
1441:
1436:
1435:
1434:Catocala ella
1431:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1405:Catocala dula
1402:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1375:
1371:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1349:
1345:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1272:
1271:
1267:
1262:
1261:
1257:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1248:
1247:
1243:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1233:
1232:
1228:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1208:Weisert, 1998
1206:
1205:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1167:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1145:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1133:Vartian, 1964
1131:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1098:Graeser, 1889
1096:
1095:
1091:
1088:Swinhoe, 1885
1086:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1010:
999:
996:
991:
988:
983:
980:
975:
972:
967:
964:
960:
955:
952:
947:
944:
939:
936:
932:
927:
924:
919:
916:
911:
908:
904:
900:
897:
892:
889:
884:
881:
876:
873:
868:
865:
860:
857:
853:
848:
845:
840:
837:
832:
829:
825:
820:
817:
813:
808:
805:
800:
797:
793:
788:
785:
780:
777:
772:
769:
764:
761:
757:
753:
749:
746:
741:
738:
734:
729:
726:
722:
718:
715:
711:
710:
704:
701:
697:
693:
690:
686:
681:
678:
677:
675:
673:
669:
665:
655:
653:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
623:
620:
610:
608:
604:
600:
599:Ancient Greek
596:
591:
589:
585:
581:
576:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
525:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
495:
490:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
379:
375:
371:
367:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
340:
335:
333:
328:
326:
321:
317:
307:
305:
301:
297:
293:
288:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
251:
247:
246:
237:
233:
230:
226:
223:
219:
216:
212:
208:
204:
199:
198:
193:
190:
186:
181:
176:
175:
171:
168:
167:
164:
161:
158:
157:
154:
151:
148:
147:
144:
141:
139:Superfamily:
138:
137:
134:
131:
128:
127:
124:
121:
118:
117:
114:
111:
108:
107:
104:
101:
98:
97:
94:
91:
88:
87:
82:
77:
73:
69:
66:
62:
57:
53:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
26:
22:
6097:
6077:
6071:
6060:December 20,
6058:. Retrieved
6054:
6048:
6031:
6024:
6020:
6016:
6009:
6005:
5998:
5994:
5987:
5983:
5979:
5972:
5968:
5964:
5957:
5953:
5946:
5942:
5938:
5931:
5927:
5921:
5913:Gekkan-Mushi
5912:
5908:
5902:Gekkan-Mushi
5901:
5897:
5879:
5870:
5851:
5818:
5813:PDF fultlext
5801:
5796:
5787:December 20,
5785:. Retrieved
5781:the original
5776:
5770:
5759:
5738:PDF fulltext
5733:
5730:
5720:the original
5699:
5695:
5679:
5672:
5656:
5647:
5635:. Retrieved
5631:
5625:
5617:
5608:
5599:
5590:
5581:
5572:
5563:
5553:
5543:
5534:
5514:
5494:
5474:
5454:
5434:
5414:
5394:
5374:
5354:
5334:
5314:
5296:Noctua comes
5294:
5274:
5254:
5234:
5214:
5194:
5174:
5154:
5140:Amphipyrinae
5134:
5120:Amphipyrinae
5114:
5094:
5074:
5054:
5036:
5026:
5009:
5007:
5000:
4990:
4981:
4975:
4965:
4955:
4945:
4935:
4925:
4915:
4905:
4896:
4890:
4881:
4875:
4865:
4856:
4849:
4845:
4834:
4824:
4814:
4803:
4800:
4785:
4769:
4763:
4745:
4727:
4709:
4691:
4673:
4654:
4636:
4617:
4599:
4581:
4562:
4544:
4528:
4522:
4504:
4486:
4468:
4450:
4432:
4414:
4396:
4378:
4360:
4342:
4324:
4308:
4302:
4284:
4266:
4248:
4232:
4214:
4196:
4180:
4174:
4156:
4138:
4120:
4102:
4083:
4065:
4047:
4029:
4011:
3995:
3981:
3972:
3958:
3951:
3943:
3929:
3928:
3919:
3912:
3904:
3896:
3888:
3881:
3873:
3865:
3857:
3849:
3841:
3833:
3825:
3819:
3813:
3805:
3797:
3789:
3785:
3781:
3773:
3765:
3757:
3749:
3743:
3737:
3729:
3721:
3713:
3707:
3701:
3693:
3686:
3678:
3670:
3664:
3658:
3650:
3639:
3631:
3623:
3615:
3607:
3599:
3593:
3587:
3579:
3571:
3563:
3558:C. praeclara
3557:
3551:
3543:
3535:
3529:
3523:
3517:
3511:
3503:
3495:
3489:
3483:
3475:
3467:
3461:
3455:
3447:
3439:
3431:
3423:
3415:
3407:
3401:
3395:
3387:
3381:
3375:
3367:
3359:
3351:
3343:
3335:
3328:
3322:
3316:
3308:
3301:
3295:
3289:
3282:
3274:
3268:
3264:
3258:
3250:
3242:
3234:
3226:
3218:
3210:
3202:
3194:
3188:
3182:
3175:
3170:C. praeclara
3169:
3163:
3155:
3149:
3143:
3135:
3128:
3122:
3116:
3108:
3100:
3092:
3086:
3080:
3072:
3064:
3058:
3052:
3044:
3036:
3028:
3022:
3016:
3008:
3002:
2996:
2990:
2984:
2978:
2972:
2964:
2956:
2949:
2928:
2912:
2898:
2891:
2873:
2857:
2841:
2823:
2807:
2793:
2784:
2768:
2752:
2736:
2720:
2704:
2690:
2683:
2670:Hemigeometra
2669:
2666:type species
2657:
2641:
2623:
2605:
2589:
2573:
2557:
2541:
2525:
2509:
2493:
2479:
2478:
2467:
2461:
2458:Butler, 1877
2452:
2445:
2441:Hacker, 1999
2435:
2428:
2418:
2408:
2398:
2391:
2383:
2373:
2363:
2356:
2346:
2340:
2334:
2327:
2317:
2310:
2302:
2295:
2285:
2278:
2271:
2264:
2258:
2249:
2239:
2232:
2225:
2218:
2212:
2206:
2199:
2189:
2179:
2169:
2161:
2157:Walker, 1857
2151:
2147:Walker, 1858
2141:
2134:
2127:
2120:
2110:
2100:
2093:
2085:
2078:
2071:
2061:
2051:
2041:
2033:
2023:
2016:
2008:
2001:
1997:Butler, 1877
1991:
1985:
1976:
1969:
1959:
1952:
1942:
1935:
1925:
1921:Butler, 1877
1915:
1908:
1898:
1888:
1881:
1871:
1867:Brandt, 1938
1861:
1851:
1841:
1834:
1824:
1817:
1807:
1797:
1793:Bremer, 1861
1787:
1777:
1770:
1760:
1750:
1740:
1730:
1720:
1713:
1703:
1699:Butler, 1877
1693:
1683:
1676:
1669:
1659:
1655:Butler, 1889
1649:
1639:
1629:
1622:
1612:
1602:
1595:
1585:
1575:
1565:
1555:
1548:
1542:
1536:
1532:Warren, 1914
1526:
1516:
1511:Hemigeometra
1510:
1504:
1494:
1484:
1477:
1470:
1460:
1452:
1442:
1438:Butler, 1877
1432:
1424:
1417:
1410:
1403:
1396:
1389:
1382:
1378:Butler, 1889
1372:
1367:C. nigricans
1366:
1360:
1353:
1347:
1334:
1327:
1323:Warren, 1913
1317:
1310:
1304:
1298:
1288:
1278:
1268:
1258:
1251:
1244:
1237:
1229:
1222:
1212:
1202:
1195:
1188:
1178:
1171:
1166:C. serenides
1165:
1159:
1149:
1143:
1137:
1127:
1117:
1107:
1101:
1092:
1082:
1072:
1062:
1052:
1042:
1036:
1027:
1017:
997:
989:
981:
973:
965:
958:
953:
949:Hübner, 1823
945:
937:
930:
925:
917:
909:
899:Hemigeometra
898:
894:Hübner, 1823
890:
886:Hübner, 1823
882:
874:
870:Hübner, 1818
866:
858:
851:
846:
842:Hübner, 1823
838:
830:
823:
818:
811:
806:
798:
786:
782:Hübner, 1825
778:
770:
766:Hübner, 1822
762:
752:Ochsenheimer
747:
739:
732:
727:
716:
707:
702:
691:
679:
671:
663:
661:
638:
630:
624:
618:
616:
606:
602:
594:
592:
582:right up to
577:
571:) which are
568:
560:
552:
522:
510:
502:
499:Malpighiales
492:
486:
475:
467:
459:
451:
443:
435:
427:
420:Juglandaceae
404:caterpillars
401:
396:C. ilia
395:
369:
342:
337:
331:
329:
315:
313:
289:
284:
272:
268:
244:
243:
242:
235:
195:
189:Type species
173:
172:
64:
55:
35:
29:
25:Lamprosiella
6261:iNaturalist
6122:Wikispecies
5934:(1): 30–49.
5865:introducing
5657:Blepharonia
5360:Catocalinae
5340:Catocalinae
5100:Catocalinae
5080:Catocalinae
5056:Mormo maura
4906:Mormo maura
4840:(European)
3744:C. crataegi
3665:C. euphemia
3462:C. babayaga
3189:C. faustina
3121:(including
2991:C. faustina
2462:C. fulminea
2369:Moore, 1882
2257:(including
2245:Röber, 1927
2185:Moore, 1879
1982:Esper, 1805
1500:Okano, 1958
1365:(including
1164:(including
1142:(including
1100:(including
1035:(including
802:Hulst, 1884
779:Blepharonia
771:Blepharonia
763:Blepharidia
756:unavailable
728:Belpharidia
565:blueberries
440:walnut tree
388:Caterpillar
325:Lepidoptera
320:cryptically
133:Lepidoptera
70:from above
6361:Categories
5960:: 511–663.
5873:March 2012
5848:references
5667:References
5637:January 6,
5011:Archiearis
4642:the relict
3708:C. neogama
3269:C. delilah
2473:Chen, 1991
1948:Sugi, 1982
1847:Mell, 1936
1665:Mell, 1936
1645:Sugi, 1965
1608:Mell, 1936
1102:C. mabella
1037:C. scortum
1009:Palearctic
1001:Beck, 1966
998:Simplicala
993:Beck, 1966
985:Beck, 1966
977:Beck, 1966
969:Beck, 1966
941:Beck, 1966
878:Beck, 1966
862:Beck, 1966
834:Beck, 1966
831:Convercala
743:Beck, 1966
685:emendation
639:C. delilah
531:, or some
484:Salicaceae
412:Betulaceae
345:concentric
304:Indomalaya
300:Neotropics
273:underwings
271:or simply
163:Catocalini
143:Noctuoidea
113:Arthropoda
6172:ButMoth:
5999:Esperiana
5736:: 60–67.
5526:Footnotes
5460:Noctuinae
5440:Hadeninae
5420:Hadeninae
5400:Hadeninae
5380:Hadeninae
5320:Hadeninae
5300:Noctuinae
5280:Noctuinae
5260:Noctuinae
5240:Noctuinae
5220:Noctuinae
5200:Noctuinae
5180:Noctuinae
5160:Noctuinae
5060:Hadeninae
4569:the bride
4529:rosalinda
4087:benjamini
3959:Lamprosia
3594:Andrewsia
3323:C. hermia
3123:C. erichi
3059:Catabapta
3003:Lamprosia
2341:C. optata
2211:(type of
1984:(type of
1541:(type of
1144:C. davidi
990:Reticcala
926:Lamprosia
918:Lamprosia
913:Nye, 1975
859:Divercala
819:Catocalla
799:Catabapta
787:Blepharum
692:Andrewsia
680:Andreusia
652:taxonomic
643:phylogeny
569:Vaccinium
557:ash trees
480:Old World
422:– mainly
374:nocturnal
353:predatory
250:Holarctic
215:Diversity
99:Kingdom:
93:Eukaryota
6367:Catocala
6300:LepIndex
6160:BugGuide
6136:BioLib:
6128:Catocala
6113:Q2450100
6107:Wikidata
6098:Catocala
6078:Catocala
6072:Catocala
6055:BugGuide
6049:Catocala
6017:Catocala
5969:Atalanta
5939:Catocala
5909:Catocala
5771:Catocala
5760:Catocala
5716:53182157
5680:Catocala
5626:Catocala
5551:(1894).
4804:Catocala
4658:luctuosa
4566:euphemia
3790:luctuosa
3782:Catocala
3518:C. amica
3382:C. sheba
3296:Mormonia
3265:C. ixion
2941:Nearctic
2794:Catocala
1348:Astiotes
1340:Hübner,
982:Puercala
974:Promonia
966:Optocala
954:Mormosia
946:Mormonia
938:Metacala
921:Hübner,
807:Catacola
792:rejected
754:, 1816 (
748:Blephara
740:Bihemena
717:Astiotes
703:Astiodes
672:Catocala
664:Catocala
658:Synonyms
647:taxonomy
631:Catocala
619:Catocala
595:Catocala
584:daybreak
573:asterids
561:Fraxinus
545:eudicots
533:Fabaceae
529:Malvales
515:Rosaceae
503:Catocala
476:Castanea
472:chestnut
416:Fagaceae
366:blue jay
316:Catocala
285:Catocala
261:Erebidae
245:Catocala
229:Synonyms
203:Linnaeus
174:Catocala
153:Erebidae
149:Family:
109:Phylum:
103:Animalia
89:Domain:
36:Catocala
6279:1306088
6253:1797073
6047:"Genus
5861:improve
5014:of the
4621:dionyza
4309:diantha
3982:Corisce
3786:retecta
3150:C. cara
3023:Corisce
2943:species
2899:Eunetis
2691:Ephesia
2213:Eunetis
1543:Ephesia
1011:species
903:Haworth
891:Eunetis
867:Ephesia
847:Corisee
839:Corisce
601:words,
541:Fabidae
537:Fabales
535:of the
519:Rosales
517:of the
488:Populus
444:Juglans
436:Quercus
424:hickory
408:Fagales
390:of the
296:Eurasia
292:species
180:Schrank
169:Genus:
159:Tribe:
129:Order:
123:Insecta
119:Class:
63:of the
6344:913923
6305:277193
6292:189014
6227:446650
6214:1CATLG
6175:5312.0
5850:, but
5714:
5002:Noctua
4181:sancta
1986:Eucora
959:lapsus
910:Koraia
905:, 1809
883:Eucora
875:Eucala
852:lapsus
824:lapsus
812:lapsus
733:lapsus
723:, 1823
721:Hübner
709:lapsus
698:, 1882
563:) and
470:) and
468:Betula
438:) and
287:only.
281:plural
182:, 1802
6331:56375
6274:IRMNG
6266:83842
6201:66421
6188:924T3
6139:53197
5723:(PDF)
5712:S2CID
5692:(PDF)
5653:tribe
3952:nurus
696:Grote
674:are:
607:kalos
549:maple
524:Tilia
511:Ulmus
494:Salix
464:birch
460:Fagus
456:beech
452:Alnus
448:alder
428:Carya
351:of a
257:moths
253:genus
61:Imago
6326:NCBI
6287:ITIS
6248:GBIF
6209:EPPO
6152:7347
6147:BOLD
6062:2018
5958:1900
5789:2018
5639:2020
4802:Non-
1344:type
645:and
603:kato
588:noon
580:dusk
553:Acer
507:elms
418:and
402:The
378:bats
361:bird
349:eyes
330:In,
302:and
207:1767
68:form
65:pura
6313:NBN
6196:EoL
6183:CoL
6165:368
5806:doi
5704:doi
4768:f.
4527:f.
4307:f.
4179:f.
2668:of
1346:of
931:non
629:in
462:),
454:),
432:oak
430:),
357:cat
255:of
6363::
6341::
6328::
6315::
6302::
6289::
6276::
6263::
6250::
6237::
6224::
6211::
6198::
6185::
6162::
6149::
6124::
6109::
6076:.
6053:.
6025:18
6023:.
6010:17
6008:.
5988:18
5986:.
5973:39
5971:.
5956:.
5947:18
5945:.
5932:18
5930:.
5926:.
5802:80
5775:.
5757:–
5746:–
5734:63
5710:.
5700:62
5698:.
5694:.
5630:.
3949:f.
3788:)
3746:)
521:,
414:,
368:,
327:.
306:.
205:,
6070:"
6064:.
5886:)
5880:(
5875:)
5871:(
5857:.
5808::
5791:.
5769:"
5706::
5641:.
5624:"
5039:)
5035:(
5029:)
5025:(
4993:)
4989:(
4978:)
4974:(
4968:)
4964:(
4958:)
4954:(
4948:)
4944:(
4938:)
4934:(
4928:)
4924:(
4918:)
4914:(
4908:)
4904:(
4893:)
4889:(
4878:)
4874:(
4868:)
4864:(
4844:(
4837:)
4833:(
4827:)
4823:(
4817:)
4813:(
3822:)
3784:(
3710:)
3667:)
3596:)
3560:)
3532:)
3520:)
3492:)
3464:)
3404:)
3384:)
3325:)
3298:)
3271:)
3191:)
3172:)
3152:)
3125:)
3089:)
3061:)
3025:)
3005:)
2993:)
2981:)
2464:)
2343:)
2261:)
2215:)
1988:)
1545:)
1513:)
1369:)
1350:)
1342:(
1307:)
1168:)
1146:)
1104:)
1039:)
961:)
957:(
854:)
850:(
826:)
822:(
814:)
810:(
794:)
758:)
735:)
731:(
712:)
706:(
687:)
637:(
567:(
559:(
551:(
509:(
474:(
466:(
458:(
450:(
442:(
434:(
426:(
398:)
394:(
58:)
54:(
27:.
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