22:
3020:
192:(Newtownbarry), County Wexford, people resisting the seizure of cattle were fired upon by the Irish Constabulary, who killed twelve and wounded twenty; one yeoman was shot dead in retaliation. This massacre caused objectors to organise and use warnings such as church bells to signal the community to round up the cattle and stock. On 14 December 1831, resisters used such warnings to ambush a detachment of 40 Constabulary at
215:, also known as Liberator of the Nation. That is deemed to have had a significant influence on its overall outcome for the anti-tithe movement, ensuring that the event marked the beginning of the end of tithes in Ireland. This Ballyhale event is notable too in that it was the first so-called 'monster meeting' of that time. Such peaceful gatherings were to become the hallmark of the
171:
by the meeting in various ways: by many with surprise and astonishment; by others with consternation and dismay, but by a vast majority with tremendous cheering." Lalor held true to his word and did not resist the confiscation of 20 sheep from his farm, but was able to ensure no buyers appeared at subsequent auctions.
170:
that "...he would never again pay tithes; that he would violate no law; that the tithe men might take his property, and offer it for sale; but his countrymen, he was proud to say, respected him, and he thought that none of them would buy or bid for it if exposed for sale. The declaration was received
82:
to the new established church. The majority of the population in
Ireland who continued to adhere to Catholicism were then obliged to make tithe payments which were directed away from their own church to the reformed one. This increased the financial burden on subsistence farmers, many of whom were at
285:
There are many noble traits in the Irish character, mixed with failings which have always raised obstacles to their own well-being; but an innate love of justice, and an indomitable hatred of oppression, is like a gem upon the front of our nation which no darkness can obscure. To this fine quality I
230:
Regular clashes causing fatalities continued over the next two years, causing the authorities to reinforce selected army barracks fearing an escalation. Taking stock of the continuing resistance, in 1831 the authorities recorded 242 homicides, 1,179 robberies, 401 burglaries, 568 burnings, 280 cases
121:
But the obligation to pay tithes to the Church of
Ireland remained, causing much resentment. Roman Catholic clerical establishments in Ireland had refused government offers of tithe-sharing with the established church, fearing that British government regulation and control would come with acceptance
142:
After
Emancipation in 1829, an organized campaign of resistance to collection began. It was sufficiently successful to have a serious financial effect on the welfare of established church clergy. In 1831, the government compiled lists of defaulters and issued collection orders for the seizure of
134:
system, almost half of the clergy were not resident in the parishes from which they drew their incomes. These issues, more often than not, were inflamed by the senior Irish Roman
Catholic clergy, who were now dependent on voluntary contributions due to the discontinuation of the
187:
tried to enforce seizure orders on cattle belonging to a Roman
Catholic priest. Encouraged by his bishop, he had organised people to resist tithe collection by placing their stock under his ownership prior to sale. The revolt soon spread. On 18 June 1831, in
295:
Finding and collecting livestock chattels and the associated mayhem created public outrage and proved an increasing strain on police relations. The government suspended collections. One official lamented that "it cost a shilling to collect tuppence".
310:. They in turn were to pass payment to the authorities. Tithes were thus effectively added to a tenant's rent payment. This partial relief and elimination of the confrontational collections ended the violent aspect of the Tithe War.
73:
Tithe payment was an obligation on those working the land to pay ten per cent of the value of certain types of agricultural produce for the upkeep of the clergy and maintenance of the assets of the church. After the
125:
The tithe burden lay directly on the shoulders of farmers, whether tenants or owner-occupiers. More often than not, tithes were paid in kind, in the form of produce or livestock. In 1830, given the system of
139:. Incensed farmers vehemently resisted paying for the support of two clerical establishments. With the involvement of many of the Roman Catholic bishops and clergy, they began a campaign of non-payment.
159:, which had been established in 1822, attempted to enforce the orders of seizures. At markets and fairs, the constabulary often seized stock and produce, which often resulted in violent resistance.
199:
What makes the Battle of
Carrickshock stand out in 'social memory' is examined in the 2004 publication "The Carrickshock Incident, 1831: Social Memory and an Irish cause célèbre" by Gary Owens of
306:, died in 1837. In 1838, parliament introduced a Tithe Commutation Act for Ireland. This reduced the amount payable directly by about a quarter and made the remainder payable in rent to
2987:
1838:
2935:
1858:
207:
the following year, in 1832, when a gathering of c.200,000 people assembled at
Ballyhale from across four counties to support those charged in the aftermath of
1955:
227:
campaigns, which he co-founded in 1879, followed that path too to ensure that it enabled tenant farmers to be able to own the land on which they worked.
2940:
850:
196:(County Kilkenny). Twelve constables, including the Chief Constable, were killed and more wounded. (Other sources put the number of dead at eighteen.)
1951:
231:
of cattle-maiming, 161 assaults, 203 riots and 723 attacks on property directly attributed to seizure order enforcement. In 1832, the president of
219:
and Repeal
Movement that was founded in 1839 and which gatherings peaked with Daniel O'Connell's oration at Tara, 1843, where c.750,000 assembled.
166:(1781–1856), a farmer of Tenakill, Queen's County, who later served as a repeal MP (1832–35). He declared at a public meeting in February 1831 in
2797:
2017:
2969:
707:
83:
the same time making voluntary contributions to the construction or purchase of new premises to provide Roman
Catholic places of worship.
2136:
1560:
1472:
99:
2983:
1389:
923:
274:, killing between twelve and twenty and wounding forty-five people. O'Connell subsequently denounced the actions of the escort party.
1904:
1782:
712:
2802:
1438:
684:
107:
2974:
1998:
1787:
2148:
2032:
1692:
855:
845:
589:
A souvenir programme commemorating the
Rathmore-Gortroe massacre which took place during the Tithe War on the 18 December, 1834
255:
2950:
1981:
1298:
1090:
2852:
2235:
2121:
1095:
815:
805:
647:
EPPI (Enhanced British Parliamentary Papers on Ireland) subject indexes containing official documents from the Tithe War:
2190:
2103:
2060:
1257:
717:
560:
2955:
2719:
2622:
2116:
2027:
1802:
1605:
1565:
1553:
1548:
1536:
1464:
1080:
440:
65:. Tithes were payable in cash or kind and payment was compulsory, irrespective of an individual's religious adherence.
143:
goods and chattels (mostly stock). Spasmodic violence broke out in various parts of Ireland, particularly in counties
1812:
1531:
1278:
406:
277:
The conflict had the support of the Roman Catholic clergy and the following quotation, from a letter written by the
270:
who were resisting the party's attempt to collect forty shillings in unpaid tithes from a local widower. The escort
2978:
2002:
1634:
1577:
1517:
880:
825:
616:
299:
232:
103:
2615:
2242:
1688:
617:"Coin of Empire" Too Costly for Israelis, Palestinians, and US Taxpayers ( Security Council and Israel/Palestine)
421:
William Lalor quoted in John O'Hanlon ed. "History of the Queen's County" Vol 2 1915 pp. 653-6 on www.archive.org
115:
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2143:
1817:
1797:
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1450:
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544:
523:
485:
278:
259:
111:
1029:
2225:
1934:
1848:
800:
236:
203:, in Canada. What makes Carrickshock different in impact could have much to do with what happened nearby in
2882:
2200:
2126:
1976:
1909:
1833:
1707:
1664:
1431:
1357:
909:
677:
501:
21:
457:"The Carrickshock Incident, 1831: Social Memory and an Irish cause célèbre in Cultural and Social History"
2220:
1593:
1171:
163:
2925:
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2230:
1924:
1353:
840:
224:
3049:
2632:
2488:
2208:
2022:
1944:
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1639:
1499:
1034:
982:
193:
2650:
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2007:
1621:
263:
200:
87:
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670:
318:
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723:
75:
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1303:
1283:
1131:
1105:
1008:
779:
330:
314:
208:
95:
79:
247:(called "parish cess" in Ireland), a separate tax from tithes which was similarly resented.
211:, an extraordinary number for those days before cars. They were also addressed by barrister
2997:
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2012:
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8:
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1993:
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26:
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820:
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46:
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1939:
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62:
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1600:
1582:
1469:
1252:
1217:
1062:
930:
759:
303:
240:
148:
281:, Dr. James Doyle to Thomas Spring Rice became the rallying cry for the movement:
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1039:
916:
830:
180:
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243:. c. 37) reduced the size of the Church of Ireland hierarchy and abolished the
220:
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58:
38:
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trace their hatred of tithes; may it be as lasting as their love of justice!
2729:
2665:
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1807:
1792:
1348:
1227:
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1202:
1126:
870:
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244:
131:
586:
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167:
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2713:
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1366:
1242:
875:
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656:
Church and state - Ireland/Church property - Ireland/Tithes - Ireland
204:
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2502:
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1395:
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1024:
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2473:
1447:
1416:
961:
662:
565:
50:
537:
Paul Cardinal Cullen and the shaping of modern Irish Catholicism
106:
refused to keep Pitt's promises. It was not until 1829 that the
78:
of the 16th century, the assets of the church were allocated by
2692:
2685:
2530:
2463:
2322:
739:
399:
The National Churches of England, Ireland and Scotland, 1801-46
347:
179:
The first clash of the Tithe War took place on 3 March 1831 in
254:
party backed up by an escort consisting of detachments of the
2742:
2312:
885:
341:
61:
majority for the upkeep of the established state church, the
54:
2430:
628:
619:, By Conn Hallinan, Foreign Policy In Focus, July 9, 2003
516:
Riotous Assemblies – Rebels, Riots and Revolts in Ireland
53:
between 1830 and 1836 in reaction to the enforcement of
1859:
List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland
480:. Dublin 6: Geography Publications. 1990. p. 501.
383:. London: Longmans. pp. 157, 160, 184, 190, etc.
317:, which disestablished the Church of Ireland, by the
1589:
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
313:
Full relief from the tax was not achieved until the
266:was attacked by a crowd of 250 tenant farmers near
851:National War Tax Resistance Coordinating Committee
110:'s government promoted and parliament enacted the
1952:List of national parks of the Republic of Ireland
587:Rathcormac Tithe Commemoration Committee (1984).
433:99 Tactics of Successful Tax Resistance Campaigns
162:A campaign of passive resistance was proposed by
86:Emancipation for Roman Catholics was promised by
3036:
114:, in the teeth of defiant royal opposition from
2798:Association football in the Republic of Ireland
401:. Dublin: Oxford University Press. p. 21.
174:
49:, punctuated by sporadic violent episodes, in
1432:
678:
601:
16:Irish campaign against forced church taxation
708:Conscientious objection to military taxation
569:, vol. 26, pp. 523–4, 3 March 1835
466:. The Journal of the Social History Society.
1561:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
651:Church and state - Ireland/Tithes - Ireland
100:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
25:Mid-19th century lithographic print of the
2984:Public holidays in the Republic of Ireland
1439:
1425:
924:The Cold War and the Income Tax: A Protest
685:
671:
629:Moody, T. W.; Martin, F. X., eds. (1967).
235:was imprisoned for not paying tithes. The
98:, thus abolishing itself and creating the
713:List of historical acts of tax resistance
2803:Association football in Northern Ireland
20:
1999:Demographics of the Republic of Ireland
183:, County Kilkenny, when a force of 120
3037:
856:Northern California War Tax Resistance
846:National Campaign for a Peace Tax Fund
464:Tracey Family, an Irish Family History
45:) was a campaign of mainly nonviolent
2268:
2058:
1879:
1485:
1420:
1299:Campaign Against Home and Water Taxes
1091:Revolt of the Comuneros (New Granada)
666:
534:
514:William Sheehan & Maura Cronin -
430:
393:
378:
90:during the campaign in favour of the
1096:Regulator Movement in North Carolina
816:Association of Real Estate Taxpayers
806:All Britain Anti-Poll Tax Federation
528:
718:Tax resistance in the United States
633:. Cork: Mercier Press. p. 375.
604:Catholicity and Progress in Ireland
13:
2028:Tourism in the Republic of Ireland
1803:Economy of the Republic of Ireland
1601:Irish Free State (1922–1937)
1446:
1081:No taxation without representation
692:
435:. Picket Line Press. p. 127.
94:of 1801 which was approved by the
14:
3066:
1813:Post-2008 Irish economic downturn
1279:Anti-austerity movement in Greece
641:
3018:
1982:Tallest buildings and structures
1289:Edward and Elaine Brown standoff
1258:Women's poll tax repeal movement
826:Committee for Non-Violent Action
539:. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan.
223:'s Museum records show that the
622:
610:
595:
580:
553:
112:Roman Catholic Emancipation Act
1818:Post-2008 Irish banking crisis
1339:Potentially dangerous taxpayer
508:
470:
449:
424:
415:
387:
372:
368:Tithes - Catholic Encyclopedia
361:
279:Bishop of Kildare and Leighlin
260:4th Royal Irish Dragoon Guards
1:
1880:
881:Women's Tax Resistance League
478:Kilkenny: History and Society
354:
237:Church Temporalities Act 1833
68:
2883:Northern Ireland flags issue
2059:
1834:List of conflicts in Ireland
1578:Southern Ireland (1921–1922)
1390:history in the United States
7:
2269:
1854:Gaelic clothing and fashion
1486:
1030:Revolt of the papier timbré
631:The Course of Irish History
324:
27:Rathcormac-Gortroe massacre
10:
3071:
841:Irish National Land League
801:Aide-toi, le ciel t'aidera
290:
209:The Battle of Carrickshock
3014:
2913:
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2199:
2102:
2071:
2067:
2054:
1964:
1892:
1888:
1875:
1826:
1614:
1498:
1494:
1481:
1457:
1326:
1271:
1180:
1114:
1055:
1035:Revolt of the va-nu-pieds
1017:
991:
983:Cornish Rebellion of 1497
975:
949:
940:
894:
788:
732:
700:
381:The Reformation in Dublin
302:, the last king from the
566:House of Commons Debates
561:"The Rathcormac Inquest"
500:: CS1 maint: location (
431:Gross, David M. (2014).
264:Royal Irish Constabulary
201:Huron University College
2975:Prostitution (Republic)
1309:Movimiento Pos Me Salto
535:Bowen, Desmond (1983).
250:On 18 December 1834, a
1844:List of Irish kingdoms
1238:Poplar Rates Rebellion
1086:Philadelphia Tea Party
602:O'Riordan, M. (1906).
288:
76:Reformation in Ireland
42:
30:
2951:Mass media (Republic)
2895:National coat of arms
1783:IRA Northern Campaign
1314:Yellow vests protests
1304:Movimento Passe Livre
1284:Anti-Bin Tax Campaign
1106:White Lotus Rebellion
1009:Revolt of the Pitauds
780:Unreported employment
724:List of tax resisters
518:(Mercier Press 2011)
379:Ronan, Miles (1926).
331:Carrickshock incident
315:Irish Church Act 1869
283:
256:29th Regiment of Foot
24:
2873:County coats of arms
2765:List of Irish people
1839:List of Irish tribes
1689:Cromwellian conquest
1675:Plantation of Ulster
1606:Ireland (since 1922)
1334:Income tax threshold
1213:Champaran Satyagraha
903:An Act of Conscience
836:I Don't Pay Movement
811:Anti-Poll Tax Unions
272:fired into the crowd
164:Patrick "Patt" Lalor
2988:in Northern Ireland
2979:in Northern Ireland
2720:Legendary creatures
2633:Traditional singing
2469:Saint Patrick's Day
2104:Republic of Ireland
2033:Tourist attractions
2018:ROI–UK border
2003:of Northern Ireland
1956:in Northern Ireland
1788:IRA Border Campaign
1763:War of Independence
1733:Second Great Famine
1718:Act of Union (1800)
1670:Flight of the Earls
1527:Lordship of Ireland
1462:Republic of Ireland
1401:Taxation as slavery
1362:Redemption movement
1358:Freeman on the land
1208:Bondelswarts affair
1172:Wallachian uprising
1162:Tancament de Caixes
1137:Hut Tax War of 1898
999:Croquant rebellions
43:Cogadh na nDeachĂşna
3025:Ireland portal
2343:Skirts and kidneys
1849:List of High Kings
1768:Anglo-Irish Treaty
1708:First Great Famine
1693:Settlement of 1652
1665:Tyrone's Rebellion
1655:Desmond Rebellions
1544:Kingdom of Ireland
1344:Render unto Caesar
1198:Bardoli Satyagraha
1193:Bambatha Rebellion
910:Civil Disobedience
821:Catalunya Diu Prou
395:Brown, Stewart Jay
157:Irish Constabulary
108:Duke of Wellington
47:civil disobedience
31:
3032:
3031:
3010:
3009:
3006:
3005:
2417:
2416:
2308:Bacon and cabbage
2260:
2259:
2256:
2255:
2127:Foreign relations
2050:
2049:
2046:
2045:
1977:Notable buildings
1871:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1414:
1413:
1406:Taxation as theft
1377:Tax noncompliance
1354:Sovereign citizen
1322:
1321:
1157:Saminism Movement
1101:Whiskey Rebellion
1068:Fries's Rebellion
241:3 & 4 Will. 4
175:The "war" 1831–36
63:Church of Ireland
3062:
3050:1830s in Ireland
3023:
3022:
3021:
2700:Tuatha DĂ© Danann
2288:
2287:
2279:
2278:
2266:
2265:
2201:Northern Ireland
2179:
2169:
2159:
2069:
2068:
2056:
2055:
1890:
1889:
1877:
1876:
1753:Home Rule crisis
1583:Northern Ireland
1496:
1495:
1483:
1482:
1470:Northern Ireland
1441:
1434:
1427:
1418:
1417:
1253:Vedaranyam March
1218:Kheda Satyagraha
1132:House Tax Hartal
1063:Boston Tea Party
967:Peasants' Revolt
947:
946:
931:Vyborg Manifesto
760:Self-sufficiency
687:
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304:House of Hanover
213:Daniel O'Connell
96:Irish Parliament
29:of December 1834
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3055:1830 in Ireland
3035:
3034:
3033:
3028:
3019:
3017:
3002:
2970:outside Ireland
2941:Historic houses
2909:
2890:Irish Wolfhound
2861:Brighid's Cross
2847:
2818:Gaelic handball
2813:Gaelic football
2784:
2755:Hiberno-Normans
2724:
2637:
2585:
2540:
2521:Hiberno-English
2507:
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2413:
2367:
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2252:
2195:
2177:
2167:
2157:
2098:
2089:Ulster loyalism
2063:
2042:
1960:
1884:
1863:
1822:
1748:Dublin lock-out
1684:Confederate War
1635:Norman invasion
1622:Battles of Tara
1610:
1566:1801–1923
1554:1691–1800
1549:1536–1691
1537:1169–1536
1490:
1477:
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1410:
1318:
1267:
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1110:
1051:
1040:Salt Tax Revolt
1013:
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917:Clericis laicos
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831:Fasci Siciliani
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300:King William IV
293:
181:Graiguenamanagh
177:
122:of such money.
104:King George III
80:King Henry VIII
71:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3068:
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3030:
3029:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3008:
3007:
3004:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2981:
2972:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2936:Heritage Sites
2933:
2928:
2923:
2917:
2915:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2886:
2885:
2875:
2870:
2863:
2857:
2855:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2794:
2792:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2760:Irish diaspora
2757:
2752:
2751:
2750:
2748:Gaelic Ireland
2740:
2734:
2732:
2726:
2725:
2723:
2722:
2717:
2710:
2703:
2696:
2689:
2682:
2675:
2674:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2647:
2645:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2608:
2601:
2595:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2561:
2556:
2550:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2517:
2515:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2500:
2491:
2489:Rose of Tralee
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2460:
2458:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2433:
2427:
2425:
2419:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2375:
2373:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2298:List of dishes
2294:
2292:
2285:
2275:
2274:
2262:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2214:D'Hondt method
2205:
2203:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2193:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2181:
2175:Seanad Éireann
2171:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2108:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2075:
2073:
2065:
2064:
2052:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1958:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1915:Extreme points
1912:
1907:
1905:Climate change
1902:
1896:
1894:
1886:
1885:
1873:
1872:
1869:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1830:
1828:
1824:
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1815:
1810:
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1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1723:1803 Rebellion
1720:
1715:
1713:1798 Rebellion
1710:
1705:
1700:
1698:Williamite War
1695:
1686:
1680:1641 Rebellion
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1660:Spanish Armada
1657:
1652:
1650:Tudor conquest
1647:
1642:
1640:Bruce campaign
1637:
1632:
1618:
1616:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1597:
1596:
1586:
1585:(1921–present)
1580:
1575:
1573:Irish Republic
1570:
1569:
1568:
1558:
1557:
1556:
1551:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1534:
1532:800–1169
1523:Gaelic Ireland
1520:
1515:
1510:
1504:
1502:
1492:
1491:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1467:
1458:
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1398:
1393:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1330:
1328:
1327:Related topics
1324:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1294:Bonnets Rouges
1291:
1286:
1281:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1233:Poll Tax Riots
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1070:
1065:
1059:
1057:
1053:
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1050:
1049:
1043:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1011:
1006:
1001:
995:
993:
989:
988:
986:
985:
979:
977:
973:
972:
970:
969:
964:
959:
953:
951:
944:
938:
937:
935:
934:
927:
920:
913:
906:
898:
896:
892:
891:
889:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
866:Peace churches
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
792:
790:
786:
785:
783:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
750:Local currency
747:
742:
736:
734:
730:
729:
727:
726:
721:
715:
710:
704:
702:
698:
697:
694:Tax resistance
690:
689:
682:
675:
667:
661:
660:
659:
658:
653:
643:
642:External links
640:
637:
636:
621:
609:
594:
579:
552:
545:
527:
507:
486:
469:
448:
442:978-1490572741
441:
423:
414:
407:
386:
371:
359:
358:
356:
353:
352:
351:
338:
336:Tax resistance
333:
326:
323:
292:
289:
233:Carlow College
221:Michael Davitt
176:
173:
137:Maynooth grant
116:King George IV
70:
67:
59:Roman Catholic
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3067:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3027:
3026:
3013:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2993:Public houses
2991:
2989:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
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2600:
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2319:
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2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2267:
2263:
2249:
2248:Peace process
2246:
2244:
2241:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2198:
2192:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2178:(upper house)
2176:
2172:
2170:
2168:(lower house)
2166:
2162:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2084:Republicanism
2082:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2057:
2053:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1963:
1957:
1953:
1950:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1878:
1874:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1825:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1798:Peace process
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1778:The Emergency
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1758:Easter Rising
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1743:Fenian Rising
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
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1613:
1607:
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1602:
1599:
1595:
1592:
1591:
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1587:
1584:
1581:
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1576:
1574:
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1567:
1564:
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1559:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1542:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1528:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1518:Early history
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1484:
1480:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1456:
1452:
1449:
1442:
1437:
1435:
1430:
1428:
1423:
1422:
1419:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1382:Tax protester
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1372:Tax inversion
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1152:Rebecca Riots
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1142:Low Rebellion
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1122:Anti-Rent War
1120:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
996:
994:
990:
984:
981:
980:
978:
974:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
957:Tuchin Revolt
955:
954:
952:
948:
945:
939:
933:
932:
928:
926:
925:
921:
919:
918:
914:
912:
911:
907:
905:
904:
900:
899:
897:
893:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
861:Pagal Panthis
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
793:
791:
789:Organizations
787:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
770:Tax avoidance
768:
766:
765:Simple living
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
737:
735:
731:
725:
722:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
705:
703:
699:
695:
688:
683:
681:
676:
674:
669:
668:
665:
657:
654:
652:
649:
648:
646:
645:
632:
625:
618:
613:
606:. p. 26.
605:
598:
590:
583:
568:
567:
562:
556:
548:
542:
538:
531:
525:
521:
517:
511:
503:
497:
489:
483:
479:
473:
465:
458:
452:
444:
438:
434:
427:
418:
410:
408:0-19-924235-6
404:
400:
396:
390:
382:
375:
369:
364:
360:
350:
349:
344:
343:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
328:
322:
320:
316:
311:
309:
305:
301:
297:
287:
282:
280:
275:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
228:
226:
222:
218:
217:Young Ireland
214:
210:
206:
202:
197:
195:
191:
186:
182:
172:
169:
165:
160:
158:
154:
150:
146:
140:
138:
133:
129:
123:
119:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
84:
81:
77:
66:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
28:
23:
19:
3016:
2986: /
2977: /
2968: /
2946:Homelessness
2865:
2833:Road bowling
2828:Martial arts
2775:Ulster Scots
2712:
2705:
2698:
2691:
2684:
2677:
2656:Mythological
2603:
2563:
2536:Ulster Scots
2496: /
2435:
2363:Three-in-One
2174:
2165:Dáil Éireann
2164:
2154:
2112:Constitution
2001: /
1972:Architecture
1954: /
1827:Other topics
1808:Celtic Tiger
1793:The Troubles
1727:
1691: /
1682: /
1628: /
1624: /
1525: /
1513:Protohistory
1349:Irwin Schiff
1228:Mau movement
1223:Johnson cult
1166:
1147:Mejba Revolt
1073:
929:
922:
915:
908:
901:
745:Gift economy
630:
624:
612:
603:
597:
588:
582:
571:, retrieved
564:
555:
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510:
477:
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194:Carrickshock
178:
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120:
92:Act of Union
85:
72:
34:
32:
18:
2966:Place names
2843:Rugby union
2738:Anglo-Irish
2623:Instruments
2479:The Twelfth
2443:Set dancing
2243:LGBT rights
2149:LGBT rights
2079:Nationalism
1645:Black Death
1263:Women's War
1203:Beit Sahour
1127:Dog Tax War
1004:Rappenkrieg
871:Peacemakers
775:Tax evasion
252:distraining
245:church rate
225:Land League
168:Maryborough
102:. However,
3039:Categories
2867:Cláirseach
2770:Travellers
2628:Rock music
2611:Folk music
2546:Literature
2348:Soda bread
2231:Government
2158:parliament
2155:Oireachtas
2132:Government
2072:Ideologies
1703:Penal Laws
1594:since 1922
1508:Prehistory
1248:Salt March
943:by century
796:Addiopizzo
573:17 October
546:0717108899
524:1856356531
487:0906602130
355:References
69:Background
3045:Tithe War
2998:Squatting
2714:Fomorians
2643:Mythology
2513:Languages
2498:Halloween
2474:Bealtaine
2457:Festivals
2448:Stepdance
2353:Spice Bag
2338:Irish fry
2328:Colcannon
2303:Barmbrack
2226:Education
2184:President
2122:Education
2038:Transport
2013:Provinces
1935:Mountains
1910:Coastline
1882:Geography
1773:Civil War
1728:Tithe War
1386:arguments
1367:Tax haven
1243:Turra Coo
1167:Tithe War
1048:in Moscow
1046:Salt Riot
941:Campaigns
876:Planka.nu
755:Rebellion
496:cite book
319:Gladstone
308:landlords
205:Ballyhale
149:Tipperary
128:benefices
35:Tithe War
2956:Monastic
2921:Calendar
2905:Shamrock
2900:Red Hand
2838:Rounders
2503:Wren Day
2437:Sean-nĂłs
2389:Guinness
2333:Drisheen
2209:Assembly
2191:Taxation
2094:Unionism
2061:Politics
1994:Counties
1738:Land War
1630:Clontarf
1626:Glenmama
1500:Timeline
1396:Tax riot
1188:Agbekoya
1042:in Spain
1025:Angelets
397:(2001).
325:See also
268:Bartlemy
190:Bunclody
185:yeomanry
145:Kilkenny
132:Anglican
2926:Castles
2853:Symbols
2823:Hurling
2808:Camogie
2707:Firbolg
2693:Immrama
2686:Echtrai
2616:session
2599:Ballads
2576:Theatre
2565:Gaeilge
2559:Fiction
2494:Samhain
2409:Whiskey
2283:Cuisine
2271:Culture
2221:Economy
2117:Economy
1925:Islands
1900:Climate
1893:Natural
1488:History
1448:Ireland
962:Harelle
733:Methods
291:Outcome
153:Wexford
130:in the
57:on the
51:Ireland
2931:Cinema
2730:People
2679:Aos SĂ
2666:Ulster
2661:Fenian
2651:Cycles
2581:Triads
2571:Poetry
2554:Annals
2531:Shelta
2484:LĂşnasa
2464:Imbolc
2399:PoitĂn
2379:Coffee
2372:Drinks
2323:Coddle
1989:Cities
1940:Rivers
1930:Loughs
1615:Events
1473:topics
1465:topics
1451:topics
1076:affair
1074:Gaspee
740:Barter
701:Topics
543:
522:
484:
439:
405:
348:dhimmi
155:. The
55:tithes
2961:Names
2914:Other
2878:Flags
2790:Sport
2743:Gaels
2671:Kings
2605:CĂ©ilĂ
2591:Music
2526:Irish
2423:Dance
2384:Cream
2318:Champ
2313:Boxty
2236:local
2137:local
2023:Towns
2008:Ports
1965:Human
1920:Fauna
895:Media
886:Zuism
460:(PDF)
342:Jizya
39:Irish
2780:Yola
2394:Mist
2358:Stew
2291:Food
1945:list
1272:21st
1181:20th
1115:19th
1056:18th
1018:17th
992:16th
976:15th
950:14th
575:2012
541:ISBN
520:ISBN
502:link
482:ISBN
437:ISBN
403:ISBN
345:and
262:and
151:and
88:Pitt
33:The
2431:Jig
2404:Tea
2144:Law
3041::
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