836:
range of civil and local government duties together with their policing, integrating the constables with their local communities. In rural areas their attention was largely on minor problems such as distilling, cockfighting, drunk and disorderly behaviour, and unlicensed dogs or firearms, with only occasional attendance at evictions or on riot duty; and arrests tended to be relatively rare events. Despite their status as an armed force, constables seldom carried guns, only waist belt, handcuffs and baton. Often, along with the priest, they would have an informal leadership role in the community, and being literate would be appealed to by people needing help with forms and letters. While "barracks" in cities resembled those of the
British Army, the term was also used for small country police stations consisting of a couple of ordinary houses with a day-room and a few bedrooms; premises would be rented by the authorities from landowners and might be changed between different sites in a village. Their pay was low, it being assumed by the authorities that they would get milk, eggs, butter and potatoes as gifts from local people. By 1901 there were around 1,600 barracks and some 11,000 constables.
1107:
51:
370:
921:. This created a dramatically new political reality in Ireland. Of the 17,000 policemen in Ireland, 513 were killed by the IRA between 1919-21 while 682 were wounded. The vast majority of the men serving in the RIC in 1919 were Irish-born and raised. Of the RIC's senior officers in 1919, 60% were Irish Protestants and rest Catholic while 70% of the rank and file of the RIC were Roman Catholic with the rest Protestant. The RIC was trained for police work, not war, and was woefully ill-prepared to take on the counter-insurgency duties that were required in 1919.
640:"; the authorities in Dublin Castle conceded that the Constabulary was armed and drilled, but considered that its operational independence from the ministry of war rendered it not a true gendarme force (note, however, that this was true of gendarmeries of other European countries, which also operated under the aegis of their national Interior ministry rather than their War ministry, other than in periods of invasion). French military observers similarly reported on the "Royal Irish Constabulary (the Irish gendarmerie)".
1094:. These included men who had earlier assisted IRA operations in various ways. Some retired, and the Irish Free State paid their pensions as provided for in the terms of the Anglo-Irish Treaty agreement. Others, still faced with threats of violent reprisals, emigrated with their families to Great Britain or other parts of the Empire, most often to join police forces in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and Southern Rhodesia. A number of these men joined the
2211:
1129:
550:. About 70% of the police force in Belfast declared their support of the strikers and were encouraged by Larkin to carry out their own strike for higher wages and a better pension. It never came to fruition, however, as dissident policemen were transferred out of Belfast four days before the strike was to begin. Barrett and six other constables were dismissed and extra British Army troops were deployed to Belfast. The dock strike ended on 28 August 1907.
608:
390:
824:
590:, Chamberlain warned that the Irish Volunteers were preparing to stage an insurrection and proclaim Irish independence. However, in April 1916 when Nathan showed him a letter from the army commander in the south of Ireland telling of an expected landing of arms on the southwest coast and a rising planned for Easter, they were both 'doubtful whether there was any foundation for the rumour'. The
2225:
452:. By 1841 this force numbered over 8,600 men. The original force had been reorganised under The Act of 1836, and the first constabulary code of regulations was published in 1837. The discipline was strict and the pay low. The police faced civil unrest among the Irish rural poor, and was involved in bloody confrontations during the period of the
840:
to make regular reports to their superiors, and would from time to time be moved around the district to prevent acquaintanceships from developing too closely. A constable was not permitted to marry until he had been in the force for some years, and was not supposed to serve in his home county, nor in that of his wife.
964:
and alternative legal enforcement units were set up by republicans. RIC members were threatened, and many were attacked, leading to substantial resignations from the force (see figures below). In
October 1920, RIC wages were increased to compensate for increased hardship and cost of living increases.
968:
By
October 1920, according to UK government sources, 117 RIC members had been killed and 185 wounded. Over a three-month period during the same year, 600 RIC men resigned from the force of 9,500. In the first quarter of 1920, 500 police barracks and huts in outlying areas were evacuated. The IRA had
839:
The majority of constables in rural areas were drawn from the same social class, religion and general background as their neighbours. Measures were taken, not always successfully, to maintain an arms-length relationship between police and public. Constables in charge of police stations were required
835:
Enforcement of eviction orders in rural
Ireland caused the RIC to be widely distrusted by the poor Catholic population as the mid 19th century approached, but the relative calm of the late Victorian and Edwardian periods brought it increasing, if grudging, respect. From the 1850s the RIC performed a
1063:
In
January 1922 the British and Irish delegations agreed to disband the RIC. Phased disbandments began within a few weeks with RIC personnel both regular and auxiliary being withdrawn to six centres in southern Ireland. On 2 April 1922 the force formally ceased to exist, although the actual process
886:
union supporters were present, the crowd waiting for Larkin was 2 kilometres away in
Croydon Park; the people they baton-charged were mainly those returning home from Mass. Two trade unionists, John Byrne and James Nolan, were beaten to death and from 400 to 600 people were injured. The RIC and the
988:
of the Royal Irish
Constabulary. Paddy O'Shea, the son of a regular RIC sergeant, described these reinforcements as being "both a plague and a Godsend. They brought help but frightened even those they had come to help". Some regular RIC men resigned in protest at the often brutal and undisciplined
417:
of 1780. A force of 400 armed policemen and 40 mounted petty constables, all full-time and uniformed, headed by three commissioners, four divisional judges and two clerks, was viewed as oppressive by local elites and became a strain on the city budget. The population of Dublin was under 300,000 at
635:
of the
British Army. At the time of the RIC's disbanding the debate over its very nature was ongoing: a paramilitary police in the gendarme-style, or merely an armed version of the English-style civilian police? A delegation of prominent Irish-Americans led by former Illinois governor Edward F.
514:
in their motif. The RIC presided over a marked decline in general crime around the country. The unstable rural unrest of the early nineteenth century characterised by secret organisations and unlawful armed assembly was effectively controlled. Policing generally became a routine of controlling
630:
ethos: barracks and carbines; a marked class distinction between officers and men; jurisdiction over rural districts lacking a population density to warrant their own civilian police force; obligatory service outside of one's region of origin; plus a dark green uniform with black buttons and
972:
The consequence of this was the removal of RIC authority in many outlying areas. This allowed the IRA to assert political control over these areas. Large houses were burned, often to punish their owners for allowing them to be used for policing or military purposes or as revenge for the
643:
However, the RIC also followed civic police forces in the rest of the UK in using non-military ranks such as "constable" and "inspector"; and there was a gesture towards "policing by consent" through attempts to match postings to the religious affiliation of the communities affected.
506:. Fenians attacked on the more isolated police barracks and smaller stations. This rebellion was put down with ruthless efficiency. The police had infiltrated the Fenians with informers. The success of the Irish Constabulary during the outbreak was rewarded by
433:, to essentially abolish the Dublin Police in 1795 (even despite some success with fighting the crime), downsizing it to two inspectors and 50 constables headed by superintendend magistrate and two divisional justices and even temporarily moving it under
887:
formerly respected DMP largely lost the support of the middle classes when photographs of the streets were published and police actions were revealed in the subsequent inquiry, in which MP Handel Booth said that the police, "behaved like men possessed".
561:
was appointed
Inspector-General in 1900. His years in the RIC coincided with the rise of a number of political, cultural and sporting organisations with the common aim of asserting Ireland's separateness from England. The potential success of the third
526:, with its industrial boom, the working population mushroomed, growing fivefold in fifty years. Much of the increase arose from Catholic migration and there were serious sectarian riots in 1857, 1864, 1872 and 1886. As a result, the small
444:(1788–1850) was largely responsible (the colloquial names "Bobby" and "Peeler" derive from his name Robert and Peel), and the Irish Constabulary Act in 1822 formed the provincial constabularies. The 1822 Act established a force in each
956:
controlled the cities of
Ireland, the RIC bore the brunt of such assaults in the provinces. The RIC were especially targeted because of their role as local representatives of and intelligence gatherers for the British administration.
222:, originally with their own police forces, later had special divisions within the RIC. For most of its history, the ethnic and religious makeup of the RIC broadly matched that of the Irish population, although
598:
had been destroyed by artillery fire. Although the Royal Commission on the 1916 Rebellion cleared the RIC of any blame for the Rising, Chamberlain had already resigned his post, along with Birrell and Nathan.
402:
960:
From the autumn of 1919 onwards, the RIC was forced to abandon its smaller barracks in isolated areas. A national personal boycott of members of the force was declared by the IRA. The
871:
in guarding blacklegs and controlling public meetings. On 31 August 1913 at 1.30pm the DMP and RIC rioted in O'Connell Street, attacking what they thought was a crowd come to hear the
2060:
1544:
1794:
382:
419:
844:
1004:
Some RIC officers co-operated with the IRA, either out of political conviction, fear for their lives and welfare, or a combination of both. A raid on an RIC barracks in
398:
647:
The RIC was an all-male police force. For most of its history, its ethnic and religious makeup broadly matched that of the Irish population (about three-quarters
1585:
989:
behaviour of the new recruits; others suffered crises of conscience which troubled them for the rest of their lives. In February 1921 the British Prime Minister
1909:
638:
The Constabulary is a branch of the Military forces. They are armed with rifles, as well as small side-arms; engage in regular drills as well as small warfare
2376:
2371:
2127:
626:
in London was not established until seven years after the RIC. The RIC was as a result pulled in two directions. To some extent it had a quasi-military or
1079:
According to a parliamentary answer in October 1922 1,330 ex-RIC men joined the new RUC in Northern Ireland. This resulted in an RUC force that was 21%
1617:
2192:
883:
1884:
909:(the coupon election), winning 73 out of the 105 Irish seats, was followed by the Sinn Féin members' decision to convene themselves as the
236:. It was a quasi-military police force. Unlike police elsewhere in the United Kingdom, RIC constables were routinely armed (including with
2050:
965:
In rural areas, many small shopkeepers refused to serve the RIC, forcing them to obtain their food and other necessities from miles away.
2366:
2325:
878:
speak. Their intelligence was flawed; although Larkin did arrive, smuggled into the Imperial Hotel owned by the main Lockout employer by
203:
136:
126:
1786:
1540:
2381:
2361:
2254:
2144:
980:
veterans from English and Scottish cities. They were sent to Ireland in 1920, to form a police reserve unit which became known as the "
2197:
430:
2120:
530:
civic force was disbanded and responsibility for policing passed to the RIC. Likewise in 1870, the RIC took over the duties of the
240:) and billeted in barracks, and the force had a militaristic structure. It policed Ireland during a period of agrarian unrest and
2356:
2269:
1354:
Brian Henry, "The First Modern Police in the British Isles: Dublin, 1786-1795" (1993) 16:4 Police Stud: Int'l Rev Police Dev 167.
994:
1764:
1304:
Policing the Metropolis of Scotland: A History of the Police and Systems of Police in Edinburgh & Edinburghshire, 1770-1833
918:
558:
1672:
276:
1851:
2241:
2113:
924:
On the day the new parliament first met, two RIC constables, James McDonnell and Patrick O'Connell, were killed when the
2274:
1957:
1921:
682:
17:
1577:
2351:
2100:
2086:
2037:
2017:
1998:
1937:
1906:
1741:
1698:
1518:
1411:
1390:
1339:
1312:
1286:
1248:
1215:
1083:
at its inception in 1922. As the former RIC members retired over the subsequent years this proportion steadily fell.
249:
1646:
1028:
1001:) that he was "not at all satisfied with the discipline of the Royal Irish Constabulary and its auxiliary force."
2162:
574:
in response. These two groups had over 250,000 members, organised as effective private armies. In reports to the
354:
2177:
973:
government-backed burning of republican homes. Much of the country's rich architectural heritage was destroyed.
542:, a portion of the RIC went on strike after Constable William Barrett was suspended for his refusal to escort a
1978:
1040:
949:
507:
622:". Accordingly, the state was later than its European neighbours in developing organised police services: the
2386:
448:
with chief constables and inspectors general under the UK civil administration for Ireland controlled by the
342:
422:
of police officers per capita. That arguably excessive budget was used as a pretext by Irish nationalist MP
1436:
W. Y. Carman, page 143 "British Military Uniforms From Contemporary Pictures", Hamlyn Publishing Group 1968
1106:
515:
misdemeanours such as moonshine distilling, public drunkenness, minor theft, and wilful property crimes. A
510:
who granted the force the prefix 'Royal' in 1867 and the right to use the insignia of the Most Illustrious
499:
449:
233:
1608:
2330:
2156:
1759:
998:
906:
677:
583:
575:
292:
1565:
2305:
2300:
2264:
2136:
868:
648:
618:
During the early 19th century in the United Kingdom, both the idea of police and the word itself were "
531:
427:
261:
207:
976:
To reinforce the much reduced and demoralised police the United Kingdom government recruited returned
167:
121:
2320:
1116:
1073:
1044:
941:
896:
338:
327:
268:
98:
2167:
652:
535:
488:
484:
226:
1064:
was not completed until August that year. The RIC was replaced by the Civic Guard (renamed as the
2310:
2230:
929:
1874:
2295:
2249:
2187:
567:
406:
1483:
1302:
2279:
2182:
2172:
1329:
1276:
1240:
1233:
1095:
945:
933:
914:
492:
2259:
1032:
1020:, was captured with similar inside aid. The IRA even had spies within the upper echelon at
445:
311:
296:
8:
2152:
1137:
1089:
1067:
940:
in transit to the local mines in South Tipperary. This event marked the beginning of the
852:
690:
623:
595:
527:
511:
468:
358:
317:
92:
594:
began on Easter Monday, 24 April 1916 and lasted for six days, ending only when much of
369:
50:
1048:
990:
985:
925:
698:
495:
to regulate sectarian demonstrations). This was followed by a period of relative calm.
476:
434:
350:
307:
284:
1012:, in June 1920, was carried out with the help of sympathetic RIC men. The barracks in
502:, founded in 1858, brought a plan for an armed uprising. Direct action began with the
2082:
2033:
2013:
1994:
1974:
1953:
1933:
1917:
1754:
1737:
1470:
1407:
1386:
1335:
1308:
1282:
1263:
1244:
1211:
611:
579:
464:
241:
1668:
1052:
1036:
619:
571:
472:
463:
The new constabulary first demonstrated its efficiency against civil agitation and
331:
323:
288:
969:
destroyed over 400 of these by the end of June to prevent their subsequent reuse.
2055:
1913:
1207:
864:
856:
543:
441:
346:
1847:
2216:
1080:
981:
879:
717:
632:
587:
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280:
211:
187:
961:
2345:
2105:
1021:
1009:
591:
503:
480:
423:
253:
1642:
910:
1879:
1204:"Police and the Public in the United Kingdom" in "Police Forces in History"
1142:
953:
875:
848:
710:
414:
374:
109:
1694:
1510:
1119:
became the only police officer in Irish history to be executed for murder.
902:
1017:
977:
872:
656:
627:
566:
in 1912 introduced serious tensions: opponents of the Bill organised the
519:
broke out in the 1879–82 Depression period, causing some general unrest.
410:
223:
1372:
The Saturday Review of Politics, Literature, Science and Art, Volume 76
554:
539:
1128:
1905:
Some 500 policemen and ex-policemen were killed between 1919/22. See
1566:
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/46-47/14/section/12/enacted
1005:
937:
727:
457:
453:
245:
381:
1916:, 1919-1922 by Richard Abbott, The Mercier Press Ltd (1 Jun. 2000)
756:
516:
257:
1331:
Policing Twentieth Century Ireland: A History of an Garda Síochána
607:
487:
in 1848, although it failed to contain violence at the so-called "
389:
952:
began systematic attacks on British government forces. While the
828:
823:
553:
The RIC's existence was increasingly troubled by the rise of the
523:
272:
237:
219:
199:
557:
in the early twentieth century period prior to World War I. Sir
397:
The first organised police forces in Ireland came about through
1578:"Police Service of Northern Ireland / Royal Irish Constabulary"
1278:
Wordsworth's Vagrants: Police, Prisons, and Poetry in the 1790s
1013:
300:
244:
freedom fighting. It was used to quell civil unrest during the
843:
295:(USC) was formed to reinforce the RIC in most of the northern
1515:
Dublin Metropolitan Police general register 1837-07 – 1925-01
373:
Station badge of the "Irish Constabulary" (on display at the
215:
202:
from 1822 until 1922, when all of the island was part of the
659:
Protestants were overrepresented among its senior officers.
1110:
Group of RIC members pictured in Waterford in November 1917
1031:, enacted in December 1920, came into force on 3 May 1921,
337:
The RIC's system of policing influenced the armed Canadian
1816:
1814:
1812:
27:
Former armed police force of the United Kingdom in Ireland
314:, the RIC was disbanded in 1922 and was replaced by the
1541:"How to look for records of... Royal Irish Constabulary"
456:. Other deployments were against organisations like the
279:(IRA). It was reinforced with recruits from Britain—the
1809:
1072:
the following year) in the Irish Free State and by the
2008:
2006:
1695:"LAW ENFORCEMENT IN IRELAND BEFORE THE GARDA SÍOCHÁNA"
460:, which attacked landlords, their property and stock.
401:, which was a slightly modified version of the failed
2206:
2051:"We should not forget debt Garda Síochána owes RIC"
2003:
1787:"Eyewitnesses Describe the Events of Bloody Sunday"
1264:https://research.library.mun.ca/13831/1/thesis.pdf
1232:
928:was carried out by a group of volunteers from the
1872:
2343:
229:were overrepresented among its senior officers.
2193:Office of the Director of Corporate Enforcement
1517:. Dublin Metropolitan Police. 10 October 2017.
1098:, which was recruiting in the UK at this time.
913:, a new parliament. This body first met at the
636:Dunne, returned with the following impression:"
2135:
2081:Chris Ryder, pages 45–47 "The RUC 1922–1997",
1993:Chris Ryder, pages 44–45 "The RUC 1922–1997",
1669:"War of Independence R.I.C. and D.M.P. Killed"
1643:"R.I.C and D.M.P. Uniform, Badges and Buttons"
2121:
1835:The Anglo-Irish War The Troubles of 1913-1922
1822:The Anglo-Irish War The Troubles of 1913-1922
1511:"Dublin Metropolitan Police general register"
440:The Peace Preservation Act in 1814 for which
206:. A separate civic police force, the unarmed
890:
570:in January 1913 while supporters formed the
2377:Defunct law enforcement agencies of Ireland
2372:Defunct police forces of the United Kingdom
1848:"The Soloheadbeg Ambush - 21 January, 1919"
1610:Constabulary and Police (Ireland) Act, 1918
1230:
1087:
1065:
315:
137:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
127:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
90:
40:
2255:Belfast International Airport Constabulary
2128:
2114:
2012:Chris Ryder, page 60 "The RUC 1922–1997",
1932:Chris Ryder, page 32 "The RUC 1922–1997",
1446:"Report by the Irish-American Delegates".
620:disliked as a symbol of foreign oppression
210:(DMP), patrolled the capital and parts of
1971:The British Campaign in Ireland 1919-1921
1952:, Ulster Historical Foundation, Belfast,
818:
431:William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam
1973:. Oxford University Press. p. 164.
1968:
1465:. Ministry of War (France). 1 June 1920.
1197:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1127:
1105:
842:
822:
606:
393:Tack badge from the RIC Mounted Division
388:
380:
368:
2270:Northern Ireland Security Guard Service
538:which was called by trade union leader
403:London and Westminster Police Bill 1785
232:The RIC was under the authority of the
146:84,421 km (32,595 sq mi)
14:
2344:
1875:"Gearing up for war: Soloheadbeg 1919"
1854:from the original on 15 September 2018
1327:
1274:
1201:
919:unilateral declaration of independence
917:, on 21 January 1919, and announced a
385:Badge of the Royal Irish Constabulary.
2109:
2048:
1873:Aengus O Snodaigh (21 January 1999).
1850:. Garda Síochána Historical Society.
1797:from the original on 19 December 2019
1623:from the original on 12 November 2020
1588:from the original on 13 November 2014
1427:, Sidgwick & Jackson, 1966, p. 79
1184:
1115:On 26 August 1873, RIC Sub-Inspector
763:
709:
2063:from the original on 19 October 2019
1767:from the original on 16 January 2020
1675:from the original on 29 January 2021
1649:from the original on 26 January 2021
1547:from the original on 29 January 2021
1521:from the original on 30 January 2021
1383:Sinn Féin. A Hundred Turbulent Years
1145:, which features exhibits on the RIC
2101:Article on RIC casualties 1919–1922
1837:, London: Osprey, 2006 pages 49-52.
867:RIC were brought in to support the
24:
2275:Police Service of Northern Ireland
803:Assistant Divisional Commissioner
602:
418:the time, which makes a very high
25:
2398:
2382:Organizations established in 1822
2362:1922 disestablishments in Ireland
2326:Criminal Investigation Department
2094:
1701:from the original on 3 March 2021
1498:The Irish Establishment 1879-1914
1425:Dublin Castle and the 1916 Rising
631:insignia, resembling that of the
409:at the request of Home Secretary
234:British administration in Ireland
198:1836–67) was the police force in
2223:
2209:
1328:Conway, Vicky (15 August 2013).
49:
2198:Director of Public Prosecutions
2075:
2049:Brady, Conor (24 August 2012).
2042:
2022:
1987:
1962:
1942:
1926:
1899:
1887:from the original on 3 May 2008
1866:
1840:
1827:
1824:, London: Osprey, 2006 page 20.
1779:
1747:
1726:
1713:
1687:
1661:
1635:
1600:
1570:
1559:
1533:
1503:
1490:
1463:Recueil des documents étrangers
1454:
1439:
1430:
1417:
1396:
1375:
1165:
1156:
1086:Just 13 men transferred to the
355:Royal Newfoundland Constabulary
2367:History of Ireland (1801–1923)
2357:1822 establishments in Ireland
1402:Michael Foy and Brian Barton,
1366:
1357:
1348:
1321:
1295:
1268:
1257:
1239:. Four Courts Press. pp.
1224:
1058:
351:New Zealand Armed Constabulary
291:and attacks on civilians. The
192:Constáblacht Ríoga na hÉireann
42:Constáblacht Ríoga na hÉireann
13:
1:
1178:
1051:and the establishment of the
707:District Inspector 3rd Class
704:District Inspector 2nd Class
343:Royal Canadian Mounted Police
2178:Dún Laoghaire Harbour Police
2030:The Royal Irish Constabulary
1907:Police Casualties in Ireland
1734:The Royal Irish Constabulary
1235:The Royal Irish Constabulary
687:Assistant Inspector General
500:Irish Republican Brotherhood
491:" in 1849 (which provoked a
450:Dublin Castle administration
271:, the RIC faced mass public
7:
2331:Ulster Special Constabulary
2032:, Four Courts Press, 1997,
1760:National Library of Ireland
1736:, Four Courts Press, 1997,
1461:"La situation en Irlande".
1123:
999:Chief Secretary for Ireland
576:Chief Secretary for Ireland
293:Ulster Special Constabulary
10:
2403:
2306:Londonderry Borough Police
2301:Dublin Metropolitan Police
2265:Ministry of Defence Police
2137:Law enforcement in Ireland
1969:Townsend, Charles (1975).
1101:
894:
869:Dublin Metropolitan Police
532:Londonderry Borough Police
477:Act of Parliamentary Union
428:Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
364:
287:—who became notorious for
262:Irish revolutionary period
208:Dublin Metropolitan Police
2321:Royal Ulster Constabulary
2288:
2240:
2204:
2143:
1117:Thomas Hartley Montgomery
1088:
1074:Royal Ulster Constabulary
1066:
1029:Government of Ireland Act
942:Irish War of Independence
936:, while on duty guarding
897:Irish War of Independence
891:Irish War of Independence
811:
786:
778:
775:
768:
755:
746:
721:
714:
706:
703:
697:
694:
689:
686:
681:
676:
669:
339:North-West Mounted Police
328:Royal Ulster Constabulary
269:Irish War of Independence
250:Young Irelander Rebellion
160:
150:
142:
132:
120:
115:
105:
99:Royal Ulster Constabulary
86:
78:
70:
65:
57:
48:
37:
2352:Royal Irish Constabulary
2316:Royal Irish Constabulary
1721:The RIC: An Oral History
1275:Bailey, Quentin (2011).
1149:
948:under the leadership of
907:general election of 1918
800:Divisional Commissioner
683:Deputy Inspector General
662:
536:1907 Belfast Dock strike
475:" to urge repeal of the
349:force in Australia, the
180:Royal Irish Constabulary
116:Jurisdictional structure
38:Royal Irish Constabulary
2311:Irish Republican Police
2231:Northern Ireland portal
1912:23 January 2017 at the
1363:OED entry at Peeler (3)
1307:. Turlough Publishers.
1132:Station badge, Kilkenny
930:Third Tipperary Brigade
797:Assistant Commissioner
133:Operations jurisdiction
2296:Belfast Borough Police
2250:Belfast Harbour Police
2188:Criminal Assets Bureau
1281:. Ashgate Publishing.
1133:
1111:
1043:. However, continuing
860:
832:
819:Historical development
615:
568:Ulster Volunteer Force
489:Battle of Dolly's Brae
399:Dublin Police Act 1786
394:
386:
378:
316:
306:In consequence of the
214:, while the cities of
191:
91:
41:
32:Law enforcement agency
2280:Royal Military Police
2183:Revenue Commissioners
2173:Dublin Harbour Police
2163:Military Police Corps
1950:A Beleaguered Station
1948:McKenna, John, 2009,
1448:The Irish Independent
1202:Tobias, J.J. (1975).
1131:
1109:
1096:Palestine Gendarmerie
1076:in Northern Ireland.
946:Irish Republican Army
934:Irish Republican Army
915:Mansion House, Dublin
895:Further information:
846:
826:
776:Head Constable Major
610:
504:Fenian Rising of 1867
493:Party Processions Act
485:William Smith O'Brien
392:
384:
372:
277:Irish Republican Army
168:Local civilian police
2387:Defunct gendarmeries
2260:Larne Harbour Police
1231:Jim Herlihy (1997).
341:(predecessor of the
312:partition of Ireland
194:; simply called the
2145:Republic of Ireland
1582:uniforminsignia.org
1138:British Gendarmerie
831:at an eviction 1888
624:Metropolitan Police
559:Neville Chamberlain
528:Belfast Town Police
512:Order of St Patrick
275:and attacks by the
1719:J D Brewer, 1990,
1496:Campbell, Fergus.
1134:
1112:
1049:Anglo-Irish Treaty
986:Auxiliary Division
926:Soloheadbeg Ambush
861:
847:Police break up a
833:
699:District Inspector
616:
555:Home Rule campaign
498:The advent of the
435:Dublin Corporation
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308:Anglo-Irish Treaty
196:Irish Constabulary
87:Superseding agency
18:Irish Constabulary
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1478:Missing or empty
1404:The Easter Rising
1385:, O'Brien, 2002,
1208:Sage Publications
816:
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732:Acting Constable
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580:Augustine Birrell
242:Irish nationalist
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806:Temporary cadet
782:Acting Sergeant
761:Acting Sergeant
667:
666:
651:and one-quarter
596:O'Connell Street
572:Irish Volunteers
483:campaign led by
473:monster meetings
469:Daniel O'Connell
465:Irish separatism
426:and short-lived
353:, and the armed
332:Northern Ireland
324:Irish Free State
321:
289:police brutality
156:4,390,219 (1911)
154:8,175,124 (1840)
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534:. During the
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2077:
2065:. Retrieved
2054:
2044:
2029:
2024:
1989:
1970:
1964:
1949:
1944:
1928:
1901:
1889:. Retrieved
1880:An Phoblacht
1878:
1868:
1858:15 September
1856:. Retrieved
1842:
1834:
1829:
1821:
1799:. Retrieved
1791:RTÉ Archives
1790:
1781:
1769:. Retrieved
1758:
1749:
1733:
1728:
1720:
1715:
1703:. Retrieved
1689:
1677:. Retrieved
1663:
1651:. Retrieved
1637:
1625:. Retrieved
1609:
1602:
1590:. Retrieved
1581:
1572:
1561:
1549:. Retrieved
1535:
1523:. Retrieved
1514:
1505:
1500:. pp.107-108
1497:
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1143:Garda Museum
1085:
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1033:partitioning
1026:
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991:Lloyd George
975:
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959:
954:British Army
923:
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865:1913 Lockout
862:
849:Labour union
838:
834:
787:
769:
752:
747:
691:Commissioner
670:
655:), although
646:
642:
637:
617:
614:RIC revolver
552:
546:driven by a
521:
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439:
415:Gordon Riots
396:
375:Garda Museum
359:Newfoundland
336:
305:
266:
231:
195:
183:
179:
177:
110:Police force
58:Abbreviation
29:
1592:13 December
1059:Disbandment
1047:led to the
1018:County Cork
978:World War I
962:Dáil Courts
882:, and some
863:During the
855:during the
657:Anglo-Irish
628:gendarmerie
411:Lord Sydney
407:John Reeves
405:drafted by
285:Auxiliaries
267:During the
227:Protestants
224:Anglo-Irish
82:August 1922
2346:Categories
1980:019821863X
1705:25 January
1679:23 January
1653:23 January
1627:23 January
1551:23 January
1525:23 January
1480:|url=
1179:References
984:" and the
911:First Dáil
876:Jim Larkin
764:Constable
751:1883–1902
701:1st Class
653:Protestant
582:, and the
540:Jim Larkin
479:, and the
260:, and the
151:Population
2067:6 January
1801:6 January
1771:6 January
1723:, Belfast
1006:Cookstown
993:notified
938:gelignite
903:Sinn Féin
851:rally on
812:Sergeant
740:2nd class
735:1st class
728:Constable
722:2nd class
715:1st class
471:'s 1843 "
458:Ribbonmen
454:Tithe War
330:(RUC) in
246:Tithe War
79:Dissolved
2061:Archived
1910:Archived
1885:Archived
1852:Archived
1795:Archived
1765:Archived
1744:, p. 116
1699:Archived
1673:Archived
1647:Archived
1618:Archived
1586:Archived
1545:Archived
1519:Archived
1471:cite web
1124:See also
827:RIC and
791:1920–22
773:1902–19
757:Sergeant
674:1816–83
649:Catholic
517:Land War
446:province
326:and the
297:province
273:boycotts
258:Land War
238:carbines
2289:Defunct
2157:Reserve
1891:20 June
1414:, p. 51
1393:, p. 38
1102:Members
932:of the
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467:during
365:History
322:in the
220:Belfast
200:Ireland
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586:, Sir
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1621:(PDF)
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1241:87–91
1150:Notes
997:(the
884:ITGWU
788:Ranks
770:Ranks
748:Ranks
711:Cadet
671:Ranks
663:Ranks
216:Derry
188:Irish
101:(RUC)
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