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716:. It comprised various companies that were willing to create standards and recommendations to improve the quality of the Web. Berners-Lee made his idea available freely, with no patent and no royalties due. The World Wide Web Consortium decided that its standards should be based on royalty-free technology, so that they easily could be adopted by anyone.
1001:, a campaign initiative to persuade governments, companies and citizens to commit to nine principles to stop "misuse", with the warning that "if we don't act now – and act together – to prevent the web being misused by those who want to exploit, divide and undermine, we are at risk of squandering ".
830:
that interfere with or snoop on
Internet traffic, compromise basic human network rights." Berners-Lee participated in an open letter to the US Federal Communications Commission (FCC). He and 20 other Internet pioneers urged the FCC to cancel a vote on 14 December 2017 to uphold net neutrality. The letter was addressed to Senator
2714:
708:
In a list of 80 cultural moments that shaped the world, chosen by a panel of 25 eminent scientists, academics, writers and world leaders, the invention of the World Wide Web was ranked number one, with the entry stating, "The fastest growing communications medium of all time, the
Internet has changed
700:
Berners-Lee published the first web site, which described the project itself, on 20 December 1990; it was available to the
Internet from the CERN network. The site provided an explanation of what the World Wide Web was, and how people could use a browser and set up a web server, as well as how to get
799:
data in April 2010, Berners-Lee said: "The changes signal a wider cultural change in government based on an assumption that information should be in the public domain unless there is a good reason not to—not the other way around." He went on to say: "Greater openness, accountability and transparency
829:
should supply "connectivity with no strings attached", and should neither control nor monitor the browsing activities of customers without their expressed consent. He advocates the idea that net neutrality is a kind of human network right: "Threats to the
Internet, such as companies or governments
641:
Creating the web was really an act of desperation, because the situation without it was very difficult when I was working at CERN later. Most of the technology involved in the web, like the hypertext, like the
Internet, multifont text objects, had all been designed already. I just had to put them
957:(DRM) implications. In March 2017 he felt he had to take a position which was to support the EME proposal. He reasoned EME's virtues whilst noting DRM was inevitable. As W3C director, he went on to approve the finalised specification in July 2017. His stance was opposed by some including
903:. The A4AI seeks to make Internet access more affordable so that access is broadened in the developing world, where only 31% of people are online. Berners-Lee will work with those aiming to decrease Internet access prices so that they fall below the
8183:
1017:"He wove the World Wide Web and created a mass medium for the 21st century. The World Wide Web is Berners-Lee's alone. He designed it. He loosed it on the world. And he more than anyone else has fought to keep it open, nonproprietary and free."
1380:
1054:(OM), an order restricted to 24 living members, plus any honorary members. Bestowing membership of the Order of Merit is within the personal purview of the Sovereign and does not require recommendation by ministers or the Prime Minister.
7607:
759:("//") in a web address were "unnecessary". He told the newspaper that he easily could have designed web addresses without the slashes. "There you go, it seemed like a good idea at the time," he said in his lighthearted apology.
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had independently proposed a project to develop a hypertext system at CERN, and joined
Berners-Lee as a partner in his efforts to get the web off the ground. They used similar ideas to those underlying the
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together. It was a step of generalising, going to a higher level of abstraction, thinking about all the documentation systems out there as being possibly part of a larger imaginary documentation system.
603:
After leaving CERN in late 1980, he went to work at John Poole's Image
Computer Systems, Ltd, in Bournemouth, Dorset. He ran the company's technical side for three years. The project he worked on was a
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project, which aims to give users more control over their personal data and lets them choose where the data goes, who's allowed to see certain elements and which apps are allowed to see that data.
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818:(WWWF) in order to campaign to "advance the Web to empower humanity by launching transformative programs that build local capacity to leverage the Web as a medium for positive change".
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in mid-November. He devised and implemented the first Web browser and Web server and helped foster the Web's subsequent explosive development. He is the founder and director of the
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Berners-Lee proposed an information management system on 12 March 1989 and implemented the first successful communication between a
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) client and
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Berners-Lee wrote his proposal in March 1989 and, in 1990, redistributed it. It then was accepted by his manager, Mike
Sendall, who called his proposals "vague, but exciting".
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969:. Varied concerns raised included being not supportive of the Internet's open philosophy against commercial interests and risks of users being forced to use a particular
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to view specific DRM content. The EFF raised a formal appeal which did not succeed and the EME specification became a formal W3C recommendation in
September 2017.
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that aims to radically change the way Web applications work today, resulting in true data ownership as well as improved privacy. In October 2016, he joined the
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468:"for inventing the World Wide Web, the first web browser, and the fundamental protocols and algorithms allowing the Web to scale". He was named in
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in Government will give people greater choice and make it easier for individuals to get more directly involved in issues that matter to them."
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to help make data more open and accessible on the Web, building on the work of the Power of Information Task Force. Berners-Lee and Professor
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795:, a UK government project to open up almost all data acquired for official purposes for free reuse. Commenting on the opening up of
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1162:(UU). When asked whether he believes in God, he stated: "Not in the sense of most people, I'm atheist and Unitarian Universalist."
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887:(A4AI) was launched in October 2013, and Berners-Lee is leading the coalition of public and private organisations that includes
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1185:(NFT) by TimBL. Selling for US$ 5,434,500, it was reported the proceeds would be used to fund initiatives by TimBL and Leith.
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In 1989, CERN was the largest Internet node in Europe and Berners-Lee saw an opportunity to join hypertext with the Internet:
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3223:"Ms Rosemary Leith and Sir Tim Berners-Lee are delighted to announce that they celebrated their marriage on 20 June 2014...."
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3303:"The inventor of the web Tim Berners-Lee on the future of the internet, 'fake news,' and why net neutrality is so important"
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596:, to facilitate sharing and updating information among researchers. To demonstrate it, he built a prototype system named
528:
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Berners-Lee married Nancy Carlson, an American computer programmer, in 1990. She was also working in Switzerland at the
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album cover – to celebrate the British cultural figures of his life that he most admires to mark his 80th birthday.
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for his invention of the World Wide Web, the first web browser, and their fundamental protocols and algorithms.
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738:. In December 2004, he accepted a chair in computer science at the School of Electronics and Computer Science,
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in physics. While there, he made a computer out of an old television set he had purchased from a repair shop.
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in London. Leith is a Canadian Internet and banking entrepreneur and a founding director of Berners-Lee's
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853:. He tweeted "This is for everyone" which appeared in LED lights attached to the chairs of the audience.
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2599:"Vint Cerf, Tim Berners-Lee, and 19 other technologists pen letter asking FCC to save net neutrality"
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1047:"for services to the global development of the Internet", and was invested formally on 16 July 2004.
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2935:"Exclusive: Tim Berners-Lee tells us his radical new plan to upend the World Wide Web=Fast Company"
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In 2001, Berners-Lee became a patron of the East Dorset Heritage Trust, having previously lived in
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He has been conferred honorary degrees from a number of universities around the world, including
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the shape of modern life forever. We can connect with each other instantly, all over the world."
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3526:""I Was Devastated": Tim Berners-Lee, the Man Who Created the World Wide Web, Has Some Regrets"
3481:
Weaving the Web: The Original Design and Ultimate Destiny of the World Wide Web by Its Inventor
2644:
2305:"Web inventor Tim Berners-Lee wants 'personal empowerment' for users, through his data startup"
1382:
Weaving the Web: The Original Design and Ultimate Destiny of the World Wide Web by its inventor
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1151:. The couple also collaborate on venture capital to support artificial intelligence companies.
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Tim Berners-Lee and the Development of the World Wide Web (Unlocking the Secrets of Science)
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After graduation, Berners-Lee worked as an engineer at the telecommunications company
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2775:"Sir Tim Berners-Lee joins Oxford's Department of Computer Science and Christ Church"
1964:
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508:, the first commercially-built computer. He has three younger siblings; his brother,
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3159:"Sir Tim Berners-Lee Receives Inaugural Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering, 2013"
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BBC2 Newsnight – Transcript of video interview of Berners-Lee on the read/write Web
2740:"How the father of the World Wide Web plans to reclaim it from Facebook and Google"
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3381:"The web's source code is being auctioned as an NFT by inventor Tim Berners-Lee"
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417:(W3C), which oversees the continued development of the Web. He co-founded (with
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3470:, Robert Cailliau, James Gillies, R. Cailliau (Oxford University Press, 2000),
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Tim Berners-Lee: Inventor of the World Wide Web (Ferguson's Career Biographies)
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started with your own website. On 6 August 1991, Berners-Lee first posted, on
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2815:"Sir Tim Berners-Lee refuses to be King Canute, approves DRM as Web standard"
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3115:"New faces on Sgt Pepper album cover for artist Peter Blake's 80th birthday"
2849:"DRM concerns arise as W3C's Tim Berners-Lee approves the EME specification"
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Berners-Lee was honoured as the "Inventor of the World Wide Web" during the
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2155:"Welcome to info.cern.ch, the website of the world's first-ever web server"
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Berners-Lee participated in Curl Corp's attempt to develop and promote the
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3331:"NFT representing Tim Berners-Lee's source code for the web to go on sale"
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Icons of Invention: the makers of the modern world from Gutenberg to Gates
1592:(Press release). United States National Academy of Sciences. 28 April 2009
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From the mid-2010s Berners-Lee initially remained neutral on the emerging
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735:
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5675:
3545:
3353:"This Changed Everything: Source Code for WWW x Tim Berners-Lee, an NFT"
2068:
Grossman, Wendy (15 July 1996). "All you never knew about the Net ...".
660:
was used by Berners-Lee at CERN and became the world's first web server.
8927:
8846:
8768:
8645:
8554:
8547:
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8294:
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4582:
4289:
3987:
3896:
3852:
3822:
3800:
3571:
2575:"Long Live the Web: A Call for Continued Open Standards and Neutrality"
1694:
1505:
1128:
Berners-Lee has said "I like to keep work and personal life separate."
856:
705:, a public invitation for collaboration with the WorldWideWeb project.
690:
501:
2383:
1642:
945:
Tim Berners-Lee at the Science Museum for the Web@30 event, March 2019
27:
English computer scientist, inventor of the World Wide Web (born 1955)
8892:
8417:
8016:
7825:
7397:
7314:
6445:
6340:
6149:
6042:
5846:
5740:
5429:
5290:
5266:
4567:
4032:
3847:
3614:
2427:
1521:
1099:
to appear in a new version of his most famous artwork – the Beatles'
900:
751:
593:
3262:"VC firm Glasswing names Jibo, John Hancock execs to advisory board"
2715:"Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Google lead coalition for cheaper internet"
1344:
914:, where he heads the Decentralized Information Group and is leading
577:, Dorset, where he helped create typesetting software for printers.
448:. In 2011, he was named as a member of the board of trustees of the
9107:
Members of the Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford
8568:
8343:
7821:
7391:
7075:
6037:
4864:
4834:
4562:
4552:
4469:
4294:
4117:
3404:"Sir Tim Berners-Lee's web source code NFT sells for $ 5.4 million"
2957:"Web inventor Tim Berners-Lee launches plan to stop Internet abuse"
2757:"Sir Tim Berners-Lee joins Oxford's Department of Computer Science"
1275:"Sir Tim Berners-Lee joins Oxford's Department of Computer Science"
1155:
892:
727:
686:
652:
574:
410:
335:
9257:
MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory people
9009:
1744:"Sir Tim Berners-Lee's app MeWe is used by neo-Nazis and perverts"
1135:. They had two children and divorced in 2011. In 2014, he married
557:
492:
on 8 June 1955, the son of mathematicians and computer scientists
8962:
6391:
5966:
4557:
4542:
3760:
2670:
1834:
1832:
670:
597:
566:
9247:
Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana, 1st Class
8934:
7996:
Princess of Asturias Award for Technical and Scientific Research
6739:
910:
Berners-Lee holds the founders chair in Computer Science at the
767:
4587:
4547:
3869:
3575:
1567:
1178:
888:
702:
589:
519:
Berners-Lee attended Sheen Mount Primary School, then attended
489:
7631:
Prince of Asturias Award for Technical and Scientific Research
3052:"Scientific pioneers honoured by The University of Manchester"
2910:"Tim Berners-Lee project gives you more control over web data"
2880:"DRM now a formal Web recommendation after protest vote fails"
1829:
1500:
531:
as a child, he learnt about electronics from tinkering with a
4572:
4509:
3817:
3487:"Man Who Invented the World Wide Web Gives it New Definition"
1568:"Timothy Berners-Lee Elected to National Academy of Sciences"
896:
570:
622:
I just had to take the hypertext idea and connect it to the
8832:
8034:
7963:
4514:
1522:"Computer Science: Enhanced: Creating a Science of the Web"
1369:
Tim Berners Lee's own reference. The exact date is unknown.
585:
457:
438:
MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
433:
391:
380:
293:
2022:"Tim Berners-Lee, Robert Cailliau, and the World Wide Web"
872:, based in London. As of May 2012, he is president of the
9197:
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Engineering
4882:
Minoru S. Araki / Francis J. Madden / Edward A. Miller /
4736:
3133:"Sir Peter Blake's new Beatles' Sgt Pepper's album cover"
2336:
2230:
1378:
1035:
Berners-Lee has received many awards and honours. He was
826:
387:
2616:"Sir Tim Berners-Lee stars in Olympics opening ceremony"
1718:"Sir Tim Berners-Lee Named to the Ford Foundation Board"
9137:
2023 fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
3456:, Melissa Stewart (Ferguson Publishing Company, 2001),
2384:"Tim Berners-Lee, World Wide Web inventor, to join ECS"
2154:
2129:"Ten Years Public Domain for the Original Web Software"
9207:
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
1011:
List of awards and honours received by Tim Berners-Lee
821:
Berners-Lee is one of the pioneer voices in favour of
8974:
3468:
How the Web was Born: The Story of the World Wide Web
1664:
1641:. The Web Science Research Initiative. Archived from
868:
Berners-Lee joined the board of advisors of start-up
677:, for which Berners-Lee designed and built the first
432:
Berners-Lee is a senior researcher and holder of the
427:
Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Sciences
254:
Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Sciences
9177:
Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire
9142:
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
3483:, Tim Berners-Lee, Mark Fischetti (Paw Prints, 2008)
3081:"Yale awards 12 honorary degrees at 2014 graduation"
976:
On 30 September 2018, Berners-Lee announced his new
860:
Berners-Lee's tweet, "This is for everyone", at the
681:. His software also functioned as an editor (called
1665:"MIT Center for Collective Intelligence (homepage)"
1450:
755:article in October 2009, Berners-Lee admitted that
8203:100: The Most Important People of the 20th Century
3173:"Frequently asked questions by the Press – Tim BL"
2842:
2840:
2808:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2015:
2013:
2011:
1921:
1919:
1208:
2177:"World Wide Web—Archive of world's first website"
1691:"MIT Center for Collective Intelligence (people)"
444:(WSRI) and a member of the advisory board of the
9058:
7071:
3333:. theguardian.com. theguardian.com. 15 June 2021
2694:"Government commits £10m to Open Data Institute"
2642:
2638:
2636:
1866:"Tim Berners Lee—Time 100 People of the Century"
592:, he proposed a project based on the concept of
7964:European Organization for Nuclear Research CERN
3375:
3373:
3290:. 26 September 2003 – via news.bbc.co.uk.
2871:
2837:
2797:
2008:
1920:Edgecliffe-Johnson, Andrew (7 September 2012).
1742:Shukman, Harry; Bridge, Mark (8 January 2019).
783:announced that Berners-Lee would work with the
464:for his pioneering work. He received the 2016
456:and is currently an advisor at social network
394:. He is a professorial research fellow at the
9262:Members of the American Philosophical Society
9187:Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty
8184:
7601:
7057:
6725:
5691:
5083:
4722:
3630:
3198:"Nancy Carlson Is Wed to Timothy Berners-Lee"
2633:
1741:
1406:Berners-Lee, T. (2010). "Long Live the Web".
1028:100 Most Important People of the 20th century
907:'s worldwide target of 5% of monthly income.
689:operating system), and the first Web server,
474:100 Most Important People of the 20th century
460:. In 2004, Berners-Lee was knighted by Queen
3370:
3325:
3323:
2746:, 10 August 2016. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
2512:
2386:. World Wide Web Consortium. 2 December 2004
2285:. World Wide Web Consortium. 5 February 2004
2223:
1372:
995:in Berlin Berners-Lee and the WWWF launched
849:in which he appeared working with a vintage
712:In 1994, Berners-Lee founded the W3C at the
615:. In 1984, he returned to CERN as a fellow.
9157:Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
4645:Global telecommunications regulation bodies
3005:"Fellowship of the Royal Society 1660–2015"
2948:
1842:. Association for Computing Machinery. 2016
1805:
1803:
1405:
1345:"info.cern.ch – Tim Berners-Lee's proposal"
1061:. He was also elected as a member into the
930:as a professorial research fellow and as a
814:In November 2009, Berners-Lee launched the
573:, Dorset. In 1978, he joined D. G. Nash in
9097:Academics of the University of Southampton
8191:
8177:
7608:
7594:
7064:
7050:
6732:
6718:
5698:
5684:
5097:
5090:
5076:
4729:
4715:
4681:
3637:
3623:
3564:
2199:"World Wide Web—First mentioned on USENET"
1324:
984:to fuel a commercial ecosystem around the
807:Berners-Lee speaking at the launch of the
779:In June 2009, then-British prime minister
76:
5705:
3320:
2954:
2691:
2450:"Ordnance Survey offers free data access"
2430:. World Wide Web Consortium. 10 June 2009
2283:"Patent Policy—5 February 2004"
1990:"Berners-Lee's original proposal to CERN"
1379:Berners-Lee, Tim; Mark Fischetti (1999).
1202:
1200:
1198:
1059:Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2001
1050:On 13 June 2007, he was appointed to the
9122:English expatriates in the United States
6423:
2877:
2812:
2609:
2607:
2561:Sir Tim rejects net tracking like Phorm.
2541:"Web inventor's warning on spy software"
2527:Sir Tim rejects net tracking like Phorm.
2226:"25 Years ago the world changed forever"
2067:
1951:
1949:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1863:
1800:
1112:. On 4 April 2017, he received the 2016
940:
855:
802:
766:
651:
556:
500:(1921–2019). His parents were both from
9267:Honorary Fellows of the British Academy
9147:Fellows of the British Computer Society
3523:
2846:
2572:
2082:
2044:
1996:. World Wide Web Consortium. March 1989
1859:
1857:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1619:. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
1610:
1281:. University of Oxford. 27 October 2016
1223: ed.). A & C Black.
693:(short for Hypertext Transfer Protocol
527:at the time) from 1969 to 1973. A keen
452:. He is a founder and president of the
14:
9152:Fellows of the Queen's College, Oxford
9059:
3644:
3401:
3112:
2878:McCarthy, Kieren (18 September 2017).
2040:
2038:
1327:"30 years on, what's next #ForTheWeb?"
1195:
1108:In 2013, he was awarded the inaugural
953:(EME) proposal with its controversial
552:
446:MIT Center for Collective Intelligence
9092:Alumni of the Queen's College, Oxford
8467:Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein
8172:
7994:
7629:
7620:for Technical and Scientific Research
7589:
7045:
6713:
6422:
6200:
5939:
5938:
5717:
5679:
5071:
4710:
3618:
3103:, 26 May 2011. Retrieved 28 May 2016.
3087:, 19 May 2014. Retrieved 28 May 2016.
2963:from the original on 25 November 2019
2890:from the original on 27 February 2019
2712:
2692:Computing, Government (23 May 2012).
2659:
2613:
2604:
2601:. VB News. Retrieved 14 December 2017
2538:
2486:
1946:
1934:from the original on 10 December 2022
1880:
1715:
1611:Schorow, Stephanie (5 January 2007).
1110:Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering
1102:Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band
1004:
912:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
847:2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony
842:and Representative Michael F. Doyle.
714:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
588:from June to December 1980. While in
400:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
299:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
7618:Prince or Princess of Asturias Award
4691:
3552:List of Tim Berners-Lee publications
3161:. Web foundation.org. 18 March 2013.
1923:"Lunch with the FT: Tim Berners-Lee"
1854:
1769:
1206:
630:ideas and—ta-da!—the World Wide Web.
7746:Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
3300:
3113:Davies, Caroline (5 October 2016).
3097:"Harvard awards 9 honorary degrees"
2997:
2825:from the original on 5 October 2018
2487:Ghosh, Pallab (15 September 2008).
2224:Van der Hiel, Amy (4 August 2016).
2035:
2019:
1229:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U12699
1114:Association for Computing Machinery
1091:In 2012, Berners-Lee was among the
425:. In April 2009, he was elected as
24:
9222:UNESCO Niels Bohr Medal recipients
9132:English people of Canadian descent
3443:(Mitchell Lane Publishers, 2001),
3426:
3383:. cnbc.com. cnbc.com. 15 June 2021
2983:"Web inventor gets Queen's honour"
2847:Cardoza, Christina (7 July 2017).
2515:"Web creator rejects net tracking"
2489:"Web creator rejects net tracking"
2253:"80 moments that shaped the world"
1864:Quittner, Joshua (29 March 1999).
1782:"Web's inventor gets a knighthood"
1716:Bratt, Steve (29 September 2011).
1590:"72 New Members Chosen By Academy"
920:Qatar Computing Research Institute
825:, and has expressed the view that
375:best known as the inventor of the
367:(born 8 June 1955), also known as
25:
9283:
9087:People educated at Emanuel School
7770:Pedro Miguel Echenique Landiríbar
3539:
3058:. 2 December 2008. Archived from
2813:McCarthy, Kieren (6 March 2017).
2781:. 27 October 2016. Archived from
2643:Berners-Lee, Tim (27 July 2012).
2513:Cellan-Jones, Rory (March 2008).
2406:"Berners-Lee 'sorry' for slashes"
2370:10.1038/scientificamerican0501-34
1811:"Creator of the web turns knight"
1480:10.1038/scientificamerican1008-76
1430:10.1038/scientificamerican1210-80
1325:Foundation, Web (12 March 2019).
1210:"Berners-Lee, Sir Timothy (John)"
538:From 1973 to 1976, he studied at
440:(CSAIL). He is a director of the
9102:Fellows of Christ Church, Oxford
9044:
9032:
9020:
9008:
8996:
8984:
4690:
4680:
4671:
4670:
4659:
4280:Free-space optical communication
3524:Brooker, Katrina (August 2018).
3402:Lawler, Richard (30 June 2021).
2859:from the original on 30 May 2019
2713:Gibbs, Samuel (7 October 2013).
2501:Warning sounded on web's future.
1123:
885:Alliance for Affordable Internet
512:, is a professor of ecology and
398:and a professor emeritus at the
354:
170:
5517:/ John Frederick Grassle (2013)
3395:
3345:
3294:
3280:
3254:
3228:
3216:
3190:
3165:
3151:
3125:
3106:
3090:
3074:
3044:
3019:
2975:
2927:
2902:
2767:
2749:
2732:
2706:
2685:
2592:
2566:
2532:
2506:
2480:
2468:
2442:
2420:
2398:
2376:
2330:
2315:
2297:
2275:
2245:
2217:
2201:. 6 August 1991. Archived from
2191:
2169:
2147:
2121:
2115:American Academy of Achievement
2099:
2076:
2061:
1982:
1913:
1735:
1709:
1683:
1657:
1631:
1604:
1582:
1560:
1494:
1458:(2008). "Web science emerges".
1444:
1067:National Academy of Engineering
791:are the two key figures behind
611:" which gave him experience in
442:Web Science Research Initiative
192:
166:
8344:Unknown Tiananmen Square rebel
6201:
2955:CNA Staff (25 November 2019).
2573:Berners, Tim (December 2010).
1957:"He caught us all in the Web!"
1895:"Berners-Lee Longer Biography"
1399:
1363:
1337:
1318:
1293:
1267:
1254:Department of Computer Science
1242:
1063:American Philosophical Society
959:Electronic Frontier Foundation
938:, one of the Oxford colleges.
924:Department of Computer Science
762:
13:
1:
9192:Members of the Order of Merit
9051:Free and open-source software
8210:Leaders & revolutionaries
6947:Mandyam Veerambudi Srinivasan
5227:Ernest John Christopher Polge
2614:Friar, Karen (28 July 2012).
2539:Adams, Stephen (March 2008).
2475:FAQ—World Wide Web Foundation
1693:. Cci.mit.edu. Archived from
1301:"Tim Berners-Lee | MIT CSAIL"
1188:
1181:during 23–30 June 2021, as a
1154:Berners-Lee was raised as an
961:(EFF), the anti-DRM campaign
483:
9272:Royal Designers for Industry
9162:Fellows of the Royal Society
5718:
4666:Telecommunication portal
4447:Telecommunications equipment
2477:. Retrieved 18 January 2011.
2348:(2001). "The Semantic Web".
2047:"Frequently asked questions"
1236:UK public library membership
1022:—Tim Berners-Lee's entry in
742:, Hampshire, to work on the
365:Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee
7:
9167:Hypertext Transfer Protocol
9117:English computer scientists
9112:People associated with CERN
4183:Alexander Stepanovich Popov
3592:Millennium Technology Prize
2321:Klooster, John W., (2009),
2179:. World Wide Web Consortium
2107:"Visionary of the Internet"
2087:. World Wide Web Consortium
2049:. World Wide Web Consortium
1901:. World Wide Web Consortium
1385:. Britain: Orion Business.
1076:(his parents worked on the
918:, a joint project with the
876:, which he co-founded with
757:the initial pair of slashes
540:The Queen's College, Oxford
525:direct grant grammar school
207:2 children; 3 step-children
128:The Queen's College, Oxford
10:
9288:
9082:People from Barnes, London
8361:Artists & entertainers
6300:Anne-Marie Eklund Löwinder
4886:/ Don H. Schoessler (2005)
4738:Charles Stark Draper Prize
3887:Telecommunications history
3225:World Wide Web Foundation.
2085:"Answers for Young People"
1008:
951:Encrypted Media Extensions
775:, London, on 11 March 2010
9242:World Wide Web Consortium
8817:
8663:Scientists & thinkers
8662:
8511:
8360:
8209:
8001:
7990:
7676:Antonio González González
7654:Luis Antonio Santaló Sors
7636:
7625:
7544:
7449:
7354:
7275:
7196:
7117:
7082:
7008:
6992:
6755:
6643:
6513:
6433:
6429:
6418:
6369:
6328:
6272:
6211:
6207:
6196:
6137:
6066:
6005:
5949:
5945:
5934:
5885:
5809:
5728:
5724:
5713:
5596:
5457:
5322:
5243:William Hayward Pickering
5187:
5118:Ephraim Katchalski-Katzir
5106:
5040:/ C. Grant Willson (2020)
5030:
4921:
4823:
4766:
4745:
4654:
4596:
4533:
4495:Public Switched Telephone
4455:
4419:
4376:
4317:
4307:telecommunication circuit
4268:Fiber-optic communication
4251:
4013:Francis Blake (telephone)
3960:
3808:Optical telecommunication
3652:
3603:
3589:
3583:
3240:World Wide Web Foundation
1331:World Wide Web Foundation
1149:World Wide Web Foundation
1133:World Health Organization
993:Internet Governance Forum
955:digital rights management
862:2012 Summer Olympic Games
816:World Wide Web Foundation
809:World Wide Web Foundation
740:University of Southampton
721:Curl programming language
580:Berners-Lee worked as an
478:number of other accolades
423:World Wide Web Foundation
415:World Wide Web Consortium
353:
348:
330:
326:
322:
314:University of Southampton
304:World Wide Web Consortium
286:
279:
275:
266:ACM Software System Award
234:
211:
203:
145:
134:
123:
113:
87:
75:
34:
8037:Scientific Collaboration
7742:Manuel Losada Villasante
7718:Francisco Bolívar Zapata
7026:Clara Franzini-Armstrong
4406:Orbital angular-momentum
3843:Satellite communications
3682:Communications satellite
3517:28 November 2011 at the
2886:. Situation Publishing.
2821:. Situation Publishing.
2667:"State.com/about/people"
2547:. London. Archived from
991:In November 2019 at the
967:Free Software Foundation
488:Berners-Lee was born in
92:Timothy John Berners-Lee
9227:Unitarian Universalists
8128:Everett Peter Greenberg
7780:Enrique Moreno González
7724:Federico García Moliner
5384:/ Keith J. Sainsbury /
4285:Molecular communication
4108:Gardiner Greene Hubbard
3937:Undersea telegraph line
3672:Cable protection system
1538:10.1126/science.1126902
1221:Oxford University Press
1026:magazine's list of the
905:UN Broadband Commission
771:Tim Berners-Lee at the
472:magazine's list of the
436:founder's chair at the
9202:Turing Award laureates
8274:Martin Luther King Jr.
8007:Emmanuelle Charpentier
7666:David Vázquez Martínez
7660:Antonio Garcia-Bellido
7096:Maurice Vincent Wilkes
6676:Hartmut Richard Glaser
5555:Emmanuelle Charpentier
5174:Frank Sherwood Rowland
4427:Communication protocol
4213:Charles Sumner Tainter
4028:Walter Houser Brattain
3973:Edwin Howard Armstrong
3781:Information revolution
2645:"This is for everyone"
2408:. BBC. 14 October 2009
2131:. CERN. Archived from
1160:Unitarian Universalist
1093:British cultural icons
1019:
946:
865:
811:
776:
661:
650:
638:
582:independent contractor
562:
542:, where he received a
8512:Builders & titans
8316:Franklin D. Roosevelt
7936:Arturo Álvarez-Buylla
6346:Karlheinz Brandenburg
6129:Douglas Van Houweling
5707:Internet Hall of Fame
4401:Polarization-division
4133:Narinder Singh Kapany
4098:Erna Schneider Hoover
4018:Jagadish Chandra Bose
3998:Alexander Graham Bell
3729:online video platform
3492:12 April 2011 at the
2779:Christ Church, Oxford
1722:World Wide Foundation
1045:2004 New Year Honours
1015:
944:
859:
806:
770:
673:system to create the
655:
639:
620:
609:remote procedure call
560:
248:Queen Elizabeth Prize
9039:University of Oxford
8653:Thomas J. Watson Jr.
7898:George M. Whitesides
6964:Marc Tessier-Lavigne
6588:Kenneth Klingenstein
6424:Inductees since 2019
6165:Ermanno Pietrosemoli
6023:Anriette Esterhuysen
5832:Kanchana Kanchanasut
5761:Elizabeth J. Feinler
5660:John Michael Wallace
4933:Willem P. C. Stemmer
4243:Vladimir K. Zworykin
4203:Almon Brown Strowger
4173:Charles Grafton Page
3828:Prepaid mobile phone
3756:Electrical telegraph
3464:children's biography
3031:search.amphilsoc.org
3027:"APS Member History"
2761:University of Oxford
1963:. 1 September 2018.
1840:"A. M. Turing Award"
1570:. Dr. Dobb's Journal
998:Contract for the Web
396:University of Oxford
309:University of Oxford
169: 1990;
9237:Webby Award winners
9217:Semantic Web people
9212:Royal Medal winners
8801:Ludwig Wittgenstein
8748:John Maynard Keynes
8520:Stephen Bechtel Sr.
8142:Jeffrey M. Friedman
7970:Avelino Corma Canós
7766:Emilio Méndez Pérez
7485:Michael Stonebraker
7283:Fernando J. Corbató
6925:George M. Sheldrick
6808:Graham Collingridge
6783:Robert J. Birgeneau
6397:Tracy LaQuey Parker
6382:Yvonne Marie Andres
6305:Henning Schulzrinne
5644:/ Kazuo Hagimoto /
5483:Tadamitsu Kishimoto
5213:Jacques-Louis Lions
4969:Richard H. Frenkiel
4939:George H. Heilmeier
4843:Lawrence G. Roberts
4193:Johann Philipp Reis
3952:Wireless revolution
3914:The Telephone Cases
3771:Hydraulic telegraph
3288:"Faces of the week"
3266:www.bizjournals.com
3015:on 15 October 2015.
2985:. BBC. 13 June 2007
2738:Weinberger, David,
2579:Scientific American
2545:The Daily Telegraph
2362:2001SciAm.284e..34B
2350:Scientific American
2327:, ABC-CLIO, p. 611.
2311:. 29 December 2020.
2135:on 16 November 2010
2111:www.achievement.org
1876:on 16 October 2007.
1472:2008SciAm.299d..76S
1460:Scientific American
1422:2010SciAm.303f..80B
1409:Scientific American
1095:selected by artist
963:Defective by Design
874:Open Data Institute
613:computer networking
553:Career and research
480:for his invention.
476:and has received a
454:Open Data Institute
82:Berners-Lee in 2014
8921:Emmeline Pankhurst
8840:Lady Diana Spencer
8818:Heroes & icons
8604:Charles E. Merrill
8323:Theodore Roosevelt
7940:Giacomo Rizzolatti
7870:Juan Ignacio Cirac
7670:Emilio Rosenblueth
7440:Charles P. Thacker
7305:Richard E. Stearns
7187:Kenneth E. Iverson
7137:Edsger W. Dijkstra
7125:James H. Wilkinson
7073:A. M. Turing Award
6885:Robin Lovell-Badge
6868:Shrinivas Kulkarni
6290:François Flückiger
6239:Lawrence Landweber
5837:J. C. R. Licklider
5622:Robert A. Weinberg
5604:Robert G. Gallager
5549:Steven D. Tanksley
5535:Theodore Friedmann
5438:Victor A. McKusick
5396:Masatoshi Takeichi
5344:Timothy R. Parsons
5340:John B. Goodenough
5334:Kimishige Ishizaka
5309:Jack L. Strominger
5305:W. Wesley Peterson
5285:Hiroyuki Yoshikawa
5281:Joseph Engelberger
5257:Edward F. Knipling
4979:John B. Goodenough
4877:Charles P. Thacker
4859:Bradford Parkinson
4814:John B. MacChesney
4391:Frequency-division
4368:Telephone exchange
4238:Charles Wheatstone
4168:Jun-ichi Nishizawa
4143:Innocenzo Manzetti
4078:Reginald Fessenden
3813:Optical telegraphy
3646:Telecommunications
3500:, 11 February 2011
3301:Döpfner, Mathias.
3202:The New York Times
3062:on 22 October 2013
2763:. 27 October 2016.
2083:Berners-Lee, Tim.
2045:Berners-Lee, Tim.
1788:. 31 December 2003
1183:non-fungible token
1145:St. James's Palace
1005:Awards and honours
947:
866:
812:
777:
662:
563:
504:and worked on the
498:Conway Berners-Lee
373:computer scientist
219:Conway Berners-Lee
9182:MacArthur Fellows
9172:Internet pioneers
9127:English inventors
8972:
8971:
8900:Charles Lindbergh
8833:The American G.I.
8727:Robert H. Goddard
8713:Alexander Fleming
8337:Margaret Thatcher
8309:Eleanor Roosevelt
8267:Ruhollah Khomeini
8260:Pope John Paul II
8239:Mikhail Gorbachev
8225:Winston Churchill
8166:
8165:
8162:
8161:
8138:Daniel J. Drucker
8124:Jeffrey I. Gordon
8062:Ingrid Daubechies
8052:Sandra Myrna Díaz
7986:
7985:
7950:Richard A. Lerner
7912:Raymond Tomlinson
7708:Santiago Grisolía
7616:Laureates of the
7583:
7582:
7457:Leslie G. Valiant
7333:Douglas Engelbart
7311:Edward Feigenbaum
7039:
7038:
6707:
6706:
6703:
6702:
6699:
6698:
6661:Ivan Moura Campos
6593:Alejandro Pisanty
6531:Hans-Werner Braun
6471:Jean Armour Polly
6414:
6413:
6410:
6409:
6285:John Perry Barlow
6192:
6191:
6188:
6187:
6175:Florencio Utreras
6114:Srinivasan Ramani
5987:Daniel Karrenberg
5940:Global connectors
5930:
5929:
5926:
5925:
5893:Douglas Engelbart
5781:Leonard Kleinrock
5776:Peter T. Kirstein
5673:
5672:
5642:Masataka Nakazawa
5636:Christopher Field
5521:Yasuharu Suematsu
5465:Shun-ichi Iwasaki
5424:Peter Shaw Ashton
5364:Benoit Mandelbrot
5358:Andrzej Tarkowski
5178:Elias James Corey
5065:
5064:
5021:Bjarne Stroustrup
4981:/ Yoshio Nishi /
4965:Yoshihisa Okumura
4943:Wolfgang Helfrich
4912:Robert H. Dennard
4839:Leonard Kleinrock
4704:
4703:
4442:Store and forward
4437:Data transmission
4351:Network switching
4302:Transmission line
4148:Guglielmo Marconi
4113:Internet pioneers
3978:Mohamed M. Atalla
3947:Whistled language
3613:
3612:
3604:Succeeded by
3510:Technology Review
3433:Tim Berners-Lee's
2428:"Tim Berners-Lee"
1532:(5788): 769–771.
1392:978-0-7528-2090-3
1305:www.csail.mit.edu
1250:"Tim Berners-Lee"
1234:(Subscription or
1173:was auctioned by
1078:Manchester Mark 1
1057:He was elected a
928:Oxford University
838:, Representative
685:, running on the
561:Berners-Lee, 2005
362:
361:
281:Scientific career
138:Invention of the
16:(Redirected from
9279:
9252:English atheists
9232:Former Anglicans
9049:
9048:
9047:
9037:
9036:
9035:
9025:
9024:
9023:
9013:
9012:
9001:
9000:
8989:
8988:
8987:
8980:
8965:
8958:
8951:
8944:
8937:
8930:
8923:
8916:
8909:
8902:
8895:
8888:
8881:
8874:
8863:
8856:
8849:
8842:
8835:
8828:
8810:
8803:
8796:
8785:
8778:
8776:William Shockley
8771:
8764:
8757:
8750:
8743:
8736:
8729:
8722:
8715:
8708:
8701:
8699:Philo Farnsworth
8694:
8687:
8680:
8673:
8655:
8648:
8641:
8634:
8627:
8620:
8613:
8606:
8599:
8592:
8585:
8578:
8571:
8564:
8557:
8550:
8543:
8536:
8529:
8522:
8504:
8497:
8490:
8488:Steven Spielberg
8483:
8476:
8469:
8462:
8455:
8448:
8441:
8434:
8427:
8420:
8413:
8406:
8399:
8392:
8385:
8378:
8371:
8353:
8346:
8339:
8332:
8325:
8318:
8311:
8304:
8297:
8290:
8283:
8276:
8269:
8262:
8255:
8248:
8241:
8234:
8227:
8220:
8218:David Ben-Gurion
8193:
8186:
8179:
8170:
8169:
7992:
7991:
7960:François Englert
7818:Lawrence Roberts
7812:Jean Weissenbach
7736:Manuel Patarroyo
7712:Salvador Moncada
7696:Marcos Moshinsky
7648:Manuel Ballester
7627:
7626:
7610:
7603:
7596:
7587:
7586:
7507:John L. Hennessy
7495:Whitfield Diffie
7469:Shafi Goldwasser
7424:E. Allen Emerson
7420:Edmund M. Clarke
7165:Michael O. Rabin
7159:Herbert A. Simon
7066:
7059:
7052:
7043:
7042:
7016:Alexei Abrikosov
6905:Geoffrey Raisman
6833:Anthony G. Evans
6828:Henry Elderfield
6734:
6727:
6720:
6711:
6710:
6686:William Schrader
6625:Virginia Travers
6621:
6539:
6506:
6498:Suguru Yamaguchi
6489:
6431:
6430:
6420:
6419:
6310:Richard Stallman
6244:Paul Mockapetris
6209:
6208:
6198:
6197:
5947:
5946:
5936:
5935:
5801:Lawrence Roberts
5766:Charles Herzfeld
5726:
5725:
5715:
5714:
5700:
5693:
5686:
5677:
5676:
5511:C. Grant Willson
5299:Marc Van Montagu
5273:Takashi Sugimura
5207:Xavier Le Pichon
5152:Donald Henderson
5148:Georges Vendryes
5092:
5085:
5078:
5069:
5068:
5048:John L. Hennessy
4906:Rudolf E. Kálmán
4884:James W. Plummer
4810:Robert D. Maurer
4800:Vladimir Haensel
4731:
4724:
4717:
4708:
4707:
4694:
4693:
4684:
4683:
4674:
4673:
4664:
4663:
4662:
4535:Notable networks
4525:Wireless network
4465:Cellular network
4457:Types of network
4432:Computer network
4319:Network topology
4233:Thomas A. Watson
4088:Oliver Heaviside
4073:Philo Farnsworth
4048:Daniel Davis Jr.
4023:Charles Bourseul
3983:John Logie Baird
3692:Data compression
3687:Computer network
3639:
3632:
3625:
3616:
3615:
3584:Preceded by
3581:
3580:
3568:
3535:
3498:Compute Magazine
3420:
3419:
3417:
3415:
3399:
3393:
3392:
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3365:
3363:
3349:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3327:
3318:
3317:
3315:
3313:
3307:Business Insider
3298:
3292:
3291:
3284:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3273:
3258:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3247:
3236:"Rosemary Leith"
3232:
3226:
3220:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3209:
3194:
3188:
3187:
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3129:
3123:
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3110:
3104:
3094:
3088:
3078:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3056:manchester.ac.uk
3048:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3037:
3023:
3017:
3016:
3011:. Archived from
3001:
2995:
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2992:
2990:
2979:
2973:
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2866:
2864:
2855:. BZ Media LLC.
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2729:
2727:
2725:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2689:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2678:
2669:. Archived from
2663:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2652:
2640:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2611:
2602:
2596:
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2395:
2393:
2391:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2334:
2328:
2319:
2313:
2312:
2309:The Boston Globe
2301:
2295:
2294:
2292:
2290:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2259:. Archived from
2249:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2221:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2195:
2189:
2188:
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2167:
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2151:
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2065:
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2058:
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2042:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2017:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1986:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1953:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1925:
1917:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1891:
1878:
1877:
1872:. Archived from
1861:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1836:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1807:
1798:
1797:
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1739:
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1728:
1713:
1707:
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1702:
1687:
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1635:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1586:
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1577:
1575:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1376:
1370:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1341:
1335:
1334:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1232:
1212:
1204:
1065:in 2004 and the
1031:
840:Marsha Blackburn
648:
636:
496:(1924–2017) and
371:, is an English
358:
344:
341:
339:
337:
196:
194:
174:
172:
168:
114:Other names
105:
101:
99:
80:
70:
32:
31:
21:
9287:
9286:
9282:
9281:
9280:
9278:
9277:
9276:
9067:Tim Berners-Lee
9057:
9056:
9055:
9045:
9043:
9033:
9031:
9027:Systems science
9021:
9019:
9007:
8995:
8985:
8983:
8975:
8973:
8968:
8961:
8954:
8949:Andrei Sakharov
8947:
8942:Jackie Robinson
8940:
8933:
8926:
8919:
8912:
8905:
8898:
8891:
8884:
8877:
8866:
8859:
8852:
8845:
8838:
8831:
8824:
8813:
8808:Wright brothers
8806:
8799:
8788:
8781:
8774:
8767:
8760:
8753:
8746:
8739:
8732:
8725:
8718:
8711:
8704:
8697:
8692:Albert Einstein
8690:
8683:
8678:Tim Berners-Lee
8676:
8669:
8658:
8651:
8644:
8637:
8630:
8623:
8616:
8609:
8602:
8595:
8588:
8581:
8574:
8567:
8562:Amadeo Giannini
8560:
8553:
8546:
8539:
8532:
8525:
8518:
8507:
8500:
8495:Igor Stravinsky
8493:
8486:
8479:
8472:
8465:
8458:
8451:
8444:
8437:
8432:Aretha Franklin
8430:
8423:
8416:
8409:
8404:Charlie Chaplin
8402:
8395:
8388:
8381:
8374:
8369:Louis Armstrong
8367:
8356:
8349:
8342:
8335:
8330:Margaret Sanger
8328:
8321:
8314:
8307:
8300:
8293:
8286:
8279:
8272:
8265:
8258:
8251:
8244:
8237:
8230:
8223:
8216:
8205:
8197:
8167:
8158:
8154:Svetlana Mojsov
8150:Jens Juul Holst
8146:Joel F. Habener
8106:Geoffrey Hinton
8070:Emmanuel Candès
8031:Barry C. Barish
8011:Jennifer Doudna
7997:
7982:
7978:Galen D. Stucky
7864:Antonio Damasio
7858:Robert Weinberg
7854:Bert Vogelstein
7830:Tim Berners-Lee
7804:Francis Collins
7753:Valentín Fuster
7632:
7621:
7614:
7584:
7579:
7568:Robert Metcalfe
7540:
7521:Geoffrey Hinton
7511:David Patterson
7501:Tim Berners-Lee
7445:
7386:Leonard Adleman
7372:Kristen Nygaard
7350:
7301:Juris Hartmanis
7271:
7260:Ivan Sutherland
7192:
7181:Robert W. Floyd
7143:Charles Bachman
7113:
7102:Richard Hamming
7078:
7070:
7040:
7035:
7004:
6988:
6930:Sheila Sherlock
6920:David Schindler
6848:Charles Godfray
6818:Richard Dawkins
6788:J. Richard Bond
6778:Tim Berners-Lee
6773:John Beddington
6768:David Baulcombe
6751:
6738:
6708:
6695:
6691:Guy de Téramond
6671:Peter Eckersley
6639:
6630:George Varghese
6615:
6533:
6509:
6500:
6483:
6481:Michael Stanton
6446:Kimberly Claffy
6425:
6406:
6402:Craig Partridge
6365:
6324:
6280:Marc Andreessen
6268:
6264:Phil Zimmermann
6229:Robert Cailliau
6224:Tim Berners-Lee
6203:
6184:
6170:Tadao Takahashi
6133:
6119:Michael Roberts
6099:Abhaya Induruwa
6084:Masaki Hirabaru
6062:
6058:George Sadowsky
6048:Haruhisa Ishida
6028:Steve Goldstein
6001:
5941:
5922:
5908:Dennis Jennings
5881:
5805:
5720:
5709:
5704:
5674:
5669:
5664:Ronald M. Evans
5650:Karl Deisseroth
5646:Gero Miesenböck
5618:Bert Vogelstein
5614:Martin A. Green
5592:
5573:Max Dale Cooper
5559:Jennifer Doudna
5531:Yutaka Takahasi
5453:
5400:Erkki Ruoslahti
5382:Akira Fujishima
5350:Tim Berners-Lee
5318:
5313:Don Craig Wiley
5199:W. Jason Morgan
5183:
5142:Theodore Maiman
5128:Willem J. Kolff
5102:
5096:
5066:
5061:
5052:David Patterson
5026:
4917:
4900:Tim Berners-Lee
4894:George E. Smith
4819:
4794:Harold A. Rosen
4762:
4741:
4735:
4705:
4700:
4660:
4658:
4650:
4592:
4529:
4451:
4415:
4372:
4321:
4313:
4254:
4247:
4153:Robert Metcalfe
4008:Tim Berners-Lee
3956:
3776:Information Age
3648:
3643:
3609:
3596:
3587:
3586:First recipient
3558:Tim Berners-Lee
3548:on the W3C site
3546:Tim Berners-Lee
3542:
3519:Wayback Machine
3494:Wayback Machine
3429:
3427:Further reading
3424:
3423:
3413:
3411:
3400:
3396:
3386:
3384:
3379:
3378:
3371:
3361:
3359:
3351:
3350:
3346:
3336:
3334:
3329:
3328:
3321:
3311:
3309:
3299:
3295:
3286:
3285:
3281:
3271:
3269:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3245:
3243:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3221:
3217:
3207:
3205:
3196:
3195:
3191:
3181:
3179:
3171:
3170:
3166:
3157:
3156:
3152:
3142:
3140:
3131:
3130:
3126:
3111:
3107:
3101:Harvard Gazette
3095:
3091:
3079:
3075:
3065:
3063:
3050:
3049:
3045:
3035:
3033:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2988:
2986:
2981:
2980:
2976:
2966:
2964:
2953:
2949:
2939:
2937:
2933:
2932:
2928:
2918:
2916:
2908:
2907:
2903:
2893:
2891:
2876:
2872:
2862:
2860:
2845:
2838:
2828:
2826:
2811:
2798:
2788:
2786:
2785:on 25 June 2022
2773:
2772:
2768:
2755:
2754:
2750:
2737:
2733:
2723:
2721:
2711:
2707:
2690:
2686:
2676:
2674:
2673:on 3 March 2016
2665:
2664:
2660:
2650:
2648:
2641:
2634:
2624:
2622:
2612:
2605:
2597:
2593:
2583:
2581:
2571:
2567:
2554:
2552:
2537:
2533:
2520:
2518:
2511:
2507:
2494:
2492:
2485:
2481:
2473:
2469:
2459:
2457:
2448:
2447:
2443:
2433:
2431:
2426:
2425:
2421:
2411:
2409:
2404:
2403:
2399:
2389:
2387:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2338:Berners-Lee, T.
2335:
2331:
2320:
2316:
2303:
2302:
2298:
2288:
2286:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2266:
2264:
2263:on 30 June 2016
2257:British Council
2251:
2250:
2246:
2236:
2234:
2222:
2218:
2208:
2206:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2182:
2180:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2160:
2158:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2138:
2136:
2127:
2126:
2122:
2117:. 22 June 2007.
2105:
2104:
2100:
2090:
2088:
2081:
2077:
2070:The Independent
2066:
2062:
2052:
2050:
2043:
2036:
2026:
2024:
2020:Stewart, Bill.
2018:
2009:
1999:
1997:
1988:
1987:
1983:
1973:
1971:
1955:
1954:
1947:
1937:
1935:
1928:Financial Times
1918:
1914:
1904:
1902:
1893:
1892:
1881:
1862:
1855:
1845:
1843:
1838:
1837:
1830:
1820:
1818:
1809:
1808:
1801:
1791:
1789:
1780:
1779:
1770:
1760:
1758:
1740:
1736:
1726:
1724:
1714:
1710:
1700:
1698:
1697:on 11 June 2010
1689:
1688:
1684:
1674:
1672:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1648:
1646:
1645:on 28 June 2008
1637:
1636:
1632:
1622:
1620:
1609:
1605:
1595:
1593:
1588:
1587:
1583:
1573:
1571:
1566:
1565:
1561:
1502:Berners-Lee, T.
1499:
1495:
1456:Berners-Lee, T.
1449:
1445:
1404:
1400:
1393:
1377:
1373:
1368:
1364:
1354:
1352:
1343:
1342:
1338:
1323:
1319:
1309:
1307:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1284:
1282:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1258:
1256:
1248:
1247:
1243:
1233:
1205:
1196:
1191:
1126:
1097:Sir Peter Blake
1080:in the 1940s),
1033:
1021:
1013:
1007:
797:Ordnance Survey
765:
666:Robert Cailliau
649:
647:Tim Berners-Lee
646:
637:
635:Tim Berners-Lee
634:
555:
506:Ferranti Mark 1
486:
450:Ford Foundation
384:markup language
334:
318:
271:
230:
199:
198:
195: 2014)
190:
186:
176:
173: 2011)
164:
160:
157:
118:
109:
108:London, England
106:
103:
97:
95:
94:
93:
83:
71:
42:
40:
39:Tim Berners-Lee
37:
28:
23:
22:
18:Tim Berners Lee
15:
12:
11:
5:
9285:
9275:
9274:
9269:
9264:
9259:
9254:
9249:
9244:
9239:
9234:
9229:
9224:
9219:
9214:
9209:
9204:
9199:
9194:
9189:
9184:
9179:
9174:
9169:
9164:
9159:
9154:
9149:
9144:
9139:
9134:
9129:
9124:
9119:
9114:
9109:
9104:
9099:
9094:
9089:
9084:
9079:
9074:
9069:
9054:
9053:
9041:
9029:
9017:
9005:
8993:
8970:
8969:
8967:
8966:
8959:
8952:
8945:
8938:
8931:
8924:
8917:
8914:Marilyn Monroe
8910:
8903:
8896:
8889:
8886:Kennedy family
8882:
8875:
8872:Tenzing Norgay
8868:Edmund Hillary
8864:
8857:
8850:
8843:
8836:
8829:
8821:
8819:
8815:
8814:
8812:
8811:
8804:
8797:
8786:
8779:
8772:
8765:
8758:
8751:
8744:
8737:
8730:
8723:
8716:
8709:
8702:
8695:
8688:
8681:
8674:
8666:
8664:
8660:
8659:
8657:
8656:
8649:
8642:
8635:
8628:
8621:
8618:Walter Reuther
8614:
8607:
8600:
8597:Louis B. Mayer
8593:
8586:
8583:William Levitt
8579:
8572:
8565:
8558:
8551:
8544:
8537:
8534:Willis Carrier
8530:
8523:
8515:
8513:
8509:
8508:
8506:
8505:
8498:
8491:
8484:
8477:
8470:
8463:
8456:
8449:
8442:
8435:
8428:
8421:
8414:
8407:
8400:
8393:
8386:
8379:
8372:
8364:
8362:
8358:
8357:
8355:
8354:
8347:
8340:
8333:
8326:
8319:
8312:
8305:
8298:
8291:
8288:Nelson Mandela
8284:
8281:Vladimir Lenin
8277:
8270:
8263:
8256:
8249:
8242:
8235:
8232:Mahatma Gandhi
8228:
8221:
8213:
8211:
8207:
8206:
8196:
8195:
8188:
8181:
8173:
8164:
8163:
8160:
8159:
8157:
8156:
8134:
8132:Bonnie Bassler
8120:
8118:Demis Hassabis
8102:
8084:Philip Felgner
8076:Katalin Karikó
8072:
8054:
8044:
8038:
8019:
8013:
8002:
7999:
7998:
7988:
7987:
7984:
7983:
7981:
7980:
7966:
7952:
7946:Gregory Winter
7942:
7928:
7914:
7904:
7890:Shuji Nakamura
7882:
7876:Peter Lawrence
7872:
7866:
7860:
7838:
7832:
7822:Robert E. Kahn
7814:
7808:Hamilton Smith
7792:
7790:Luc Montagnier
7782:
7776:Ricardo Miledi
7772:
7762:
7755:
7749:
7738:
7732:
7726:
7720:
7714:
7704:
7698:
7692:Manuel Cardona
7688:
7682:Jacinto Convit
7678:
7672:
7662:
7656:
7650:
7644:
7637:
7634:
7633:
7623:
7622:
7613:
7612:
7605:
7598:
7590:
7581:
7580:
7578:
7577:
7571:
7565:
7559:
7556:Jeffrey Ullman
7548:
7546:
7542:
7541:
7539:
7538:
7528:
7514:
7504:
7498:
7491:Martin Hellman
7488:
7482:
7479:Leslie Lamport
7476:
7466:
7460:
7453:
7451:
7447:
7446:
7444:
7443:
7437:
7434:Barbara Liskov
7431:
7428:Joseph Sifakis
7417:
7411:
7405:
7395:
7389:
7375:
7368:Ole-Johan Dahl
7365:
7358:
7356:
7352:
7351:
7349:
7348:
7342:
7336:
7330:
7324:
7318:
7308:
7298:
7295:Butler Lampson
7292:
7286:
7279:
7277:
7273:
7272:
7270:
7269:
7263:
7257:
7251:
7241:
7235:
7229:
7226:Dennis Ritchie
7219:
7213:
7207:
7200:
7198:
7194:
7193:
7191:
7190:
7184:
7178:
7172:
7162:
7152:
7146:
7140:
7134:
7128:
7121:
7119:
7115:
7114:
7112:
7111:
7105:
7099:
7093:
7086:
7084:
7080:
7079:
7069:
7068:
7061:
7054:
7046:
7037:
7036:
7034:
7033:
7028:
7023:
7018:
7012:
7010:
7006:
7005:
7003:
7002:
6996:
6994:
6990:
6989:
6987:
6986:
6981:
6976:
6971:
6969:Nicholas Tonks
6966:
6961:
6954:
6949:
6944:
6939:
6936:Thomas Simpson
6932:
6927:
6922:
6917:
6912:
6907:
6902:
6897:
6892:
6887:
6882:
6880:Michael Levitt
6877:
6870:
6865:
6863:Frances Kirwan
6860:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6843:Peter Gluckman
6840:
6835:
6830:
6825:
6820:
6815:
6810:
6805:
6803:Paul Callaghan
6800:
6795:
6790:
6785:
6780:
6775:
6770:
6765:
6759:
6757:
6753:
6752:
6737:
6736:
6729:
6722:
6714:
6705:
6704:
6701:
6700:
6697:
6696:
6694:
6693:
6688:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6668:
6663:
6658:
6653:
6647:
6645:
6641:
6640:
6638:
6637:
6632:
6627:
6622:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6595:
6590:
6585:
6580:
6575:
6570:
6565:
6560:
6555:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6528:
6523:
6517:
6515:
6511:
6510:
6508:
6507:
6495:
6493:Klaas Wierenga
6490:
6478:
6473:
6468:
6463:
6458:
6453:
6448:
6443:
6441:Adiel Akplogan
6437:
6435:
6427:
6426:
6416:
6415:
6412:
6411:
6408:
6407:
6405:
6404:
6399:
6394:
6389:
6384:
6379:
6377:Jaap Akkerhuis
6373:
6371:
6367:
6366:
6364:
6363:
6358:
6353:
6348:
6343:
6338:
6332:
6330:
6326:
6325:
6323:
6322:
6317:
6312:
6307:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6282:
6276:
6274:
6270:
6269:
6267:
6266:
6261:
6259:Linus Torvalds
6256:
6251:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6231:
6226:
6221:
6219:Mitchell Baker
6215:
6213:
6205:
6204:
6194:
6193:
6190:
6189:
6186:
6185:
6183:
6182:
6177:
6172:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6147:
6145:Nabil Bukhalid
6141:
6139:
6135:
6134:
6132:
6131:
6126:
6121:
6116:
6111:
6106:
6104:Dorcas Muthoni
6101:
6096:
6091:
6086:
6081:
6076:
6070:
6068:
6064:
6063:
6061:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6020:
6015:
6009:
6007:
6003:
6002:
6000:
5999:
5994:
5992:Toru Takahashi
5989:
5984:
5982:Brewster Kahle
5979:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5959:
5953:
5951:
5943:
5942:
5932:
5931:
5928:
5927:
5924:
5923:
5921:
5920:
5915:
5913:Rolf Nordhagen
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5889:
5887:
5883:
5882:
5880:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5824:
5819:
5813:
5811:
5807:
5806:
5804:
5803:
5798:
5793:
5788:
5783:
5778:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5732:
5730:
5722:
5721:
5711:
5710:
5703:
5702:
5695:
5688:
5680:
5671:
5670:
5668:
5667:
5653:
5639:
5628:Katalin Karikó
5625:
5611:
5600:
5598:
5594:
5593:
5591:
5590:
5583:Yoshio Okamoto
5580:
5577:Jacques Miller
5566:
5552:
5542:
5528:
5525:C. David Allis
5518:
5508:
5501:Nicholas Lydon
5490:
5479:Dennis Ritchie
5472:
5469:Peter Vitousek
5461:
5459:
5455:
5454:
5452:
5451:
5444:Dennis Meadows
5441:
5434:Robert E. Kahn
5427:
5420:Peter Grünberg
5413:
5403:
5389:
5386:John H. Lawton
5375:
5368:James A. Yorke
5361:
5347:
5337:
5326:
5324:
5320:
5319:
5317:
5316:
5302:
5288:
5270:
5263:Charles K. Kao
5260:
5250:
5247:Arvid Carlsson
5240:
5237:Kary B. Mullis
5230:
5220:
5210:
5191:
5189:
5185:
5184:
5182:
5181:
5171:
5164:Luc Montagnier
5145:
5134:Henry Beachell
5131:
5124:David Turnbull
5121:
5114:John R. Pierce
5110:
5108:
5104:
5103:
5095:
5094:
5087:
5080:
5072:
5063:
5062:
5060:
5059:
5041:
5034:
5032:
5028:
5027:
5025:
5024:
5018:
5015:Andrew Viterbi
5012:
5009:Shuji Nakamura
5001:Russell Dupuis
4997:George Craford
4990:
4976:
4954:
4951:T. Peter Brody
4936:
4929:Frances Arnold
4925:
4923:
4919:
4918:
4916:
4915:
4909:
4903:
4897:
4887:
4880:
4869:Butler Lampson
4862:
4852:
4846:
4827:
4825:
4821:
4820:
4818:
4817:
4806:Charles K. Kao
4803:
4797:
4790:John R. Pierce
4787:
4781:
4778:Hans von Ohain
4770:
4768:
4764:
4763:
4761:
4760:
4749:
4747:
4743:
4742:
4734:
4733:
4726:
4719:
4711:
4702:
4701:
4699:
4698:
4688:
4678:
4668:
4655:
4652:
4651:
4649:
4648:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4620:
4619:
4614:
4606:
4600:
4598:
4594:
4593:
4591:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4539:
4537:
4531:
4530:
4528:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4461:
4459:
4453:
4452:
4450:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4423:
4421:
4417:
4416:
4414:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4386:Space-division
4382:
4380:
4374:
4373:
4371:
4370:
4365:
4364:
4363:
4358:
4348:
4347:
4346:
4336:
4331:
4325:
4323:
4315:
4314:
4312:
4311:
4310:
4309:
4299:
4298:
4297:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4276:
4275:
4265:
4259:
4257:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4223:Camille Tissot
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4198:Claude Shannon
4195:
4190:
4188:Tivadar Puskás
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4158:Antonio Meucci
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4128:Charles K. Kao
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4103:Harold Hopkins
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4003:Emile Berliner
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3964:
3962:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3942:Videotelephony
3939:
3934:
3933:
3932:
3927:
3917:
3910:
3905:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3878:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3857:
3856:
3855:
3845:
3840:
3838:Radiotelephone
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3804:
3803:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3742:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3724:Internet video
3716:
3715:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3658:
3656:
3650:
3649:
3642:
3641:
3634:
3627:
3619:
3611:
3610:
3607:Shuji Nakamura
3605:
3602:
3599:World Wide Web
3597:2004 (for the
3588:
3585:
3579:
3578:
3569:
3555:
3549:
3541:
3540:External links
3538:
3537:
3536:
3521:
3506:
3501:
3484:
3478:
3465:
3451:
3438:
3428:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3394:
3369:
3344:
3319:
3293:
3279:
3253:
3242:. 25 June 2013
3227:
3215:
3204:. 15 July 1990
3189:
3164:
3150:
3139:. 2 April 2012
3124:
3105:
3089:
3073:
3043:
3018:
2996:
2974:
2947:
2926:
2901:
2870:
2836:
2796:
2766:
2748:
2744:Digital Trends
2731:
2705:
2684:
2658:
2632:
2603:
2591:
2565:
2551:on 22 May 2008
2531:
2505:
2479:
2467:
2456:. 1 April 2010
2441:
2419:
2397:
2375:
2329:
2314:
2296:
2274:
2244:
2216:
2205:on 12 May 2008
2190:
2168:
2146:
2120:
2098:
2075:
2060:
2034:
2007:
1981:
1945:
1912:
1879:
1853:
1828:
1817:. 16 July 2004
1799:
1768:
1734:
1708:
1682:
1656:
1630:
1613:"Draper Prize"
1603:
1581:
1559:
1493:
1443:
1398:
1391:
1371:
1362:
1351:. Info.cern.ch
1336:
1317:
1292:
1266:
1241:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1137:Rosemary Leith
1125:
1122:
1052:Order of Merit
1014:
1009:Main article:
1006:
1003:
878:Nigel Shadbolt
823:net neutrality
789:Nigel Shadbolt
764:
761:
675:World Wide Web
644:
632:
554:
551:
521:Emanuel School
514:climate change
494:Mary Lee Woods
485:
482:
419:Rosemary Leith
377:World Wide Web
360:
359:
351:
350:
346:
345:
332:
328:
327:
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311:
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284:
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276:
273:
272:
270:
269:
263:
260:Order of Merit
257:
251:
245:
238:
236:
232:
231:
229:
228:
225:Mary Lee Woods
222:
215:
213:
209:
208:
205:
201:
200:
188:
184:Rosemary Leith
182:
181:
180:
179:
162:
158:
155:
154:
153:
152:
149:
147:
143:
142:
140:World Wide Web
136:
135:Known for
132:
131:
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
107:
91:
89:
85:
84:
81:
73:
72:
41:
38:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9284:
9273:
9270:
9268:
9265:
9263:
9260:
9258:
9255:
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9240:
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9233:
9230:
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9225:
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9105:
9103:
9100:
9098:
9095:
9093:
9090:
9088:
9085:
9083:
9080:
9078:
9077:Living people
9075:
9073:
9070:
9068:
9065:
9064:
9062:
9052:
9042:
9040:
9030:
9028:
9018:
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9006:
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8999:
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8992:
8982:
8981:
8978:
8964:
8960:
8957:
8956:Mother Teresa
8953:
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8827:
8823:
8822:
8820:
8816:
8809:
8805:
8802:
8798:
8795:
8791:
8790:Francis Crick
8787:
8784:
8780:
8777:
8773:
8770:
8766:
8763:
8759:
8756:
8755:Leakey family
8752:
8749:
8745:
8742:
8738:
8735:
8731:
8728:
8724:
8721:
8720:Sigmund Freud
8717:
8714:
8710:
8707:
8703:
8700:
8696:
8693:
8689:
8686:
8685:Rachel Carson
8682:
8679:
8675:
8672:
8671:Leo Baekeland
8668:
8667:
8665:
8661:
8654:
8650:
8647:
8643:
8640:
8636:
8633:
8632:David Sarnoff
8629:
8626:
8622:
8619:
8615:
8612:
8608:
8605:
8601:
8598:
8594:
8591:
8590:Lucky Luciano
8587:
8584:
8580:
8577:
8573:
8570:
8566:
8563:
8559:
8556:
8552:
8549:
8545:
8542:
8538:
8535:
8531:
8528:
8524:
8521:
8517:
8516:
8514:
8510:
8503:
8502:Oprah Winfrey
8499:
8496:
8492:
8489:
8485:
8482:
8481:Frank Sinatra
8478:
8475:
8471:
8468:
8464:
8461:
8460:Pablo Picasso
8457:
8454:
8450:
8447:
8443:
8440:
8439:Martha Graham
8436:
8433:
8429:
8426:
8422:
8419:
8415:
8412:
8408:
8405:
8401:
8398:
8394:
8391:
8390:Marlon Brando
8387:
8384:
8380:
8377:
8373:
8370:
8366:
8365:
8363:
8359:
8352:
8348:
8345:
8341:
8338:
8334:
8331:
8327:
8324:
8320:
8317:
8313:
8310:
8306:
8303:
8302:Ronald Reagan
8299:
8296:
8292:
8289:
8285:
8282:
8278:
8275:
8271:
8268:
8264:
8261:
8257:
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8219:
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8208:
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8174:
8171:
8155:
8151:
8147:
8143:
8139:
8135:
8133:
8129:
8125:
8121:
8119:
8115:
8114:Yoshua Bengio
8111:
8107:
8103:
8101:
8100:Sarah Gilbert
8097:
8096:Derrick Rossi
8093:
8089:
8085:
8081:
8080:Drew Weissman
8077:
8073:
8071:
8067:
8063:
8059:
8055:
8053:
8049:
8045:
8043:
8039:
8036:
8032:
8028:
8027:Kip S. Thorne
8024:
8020:
8018:
8014:
8012:
8008:
8004:
8003:
8000:
7993:
7989:
7979:
7975:
7974:Mark E. Davis
7971:
7967:
7965:
7961:
7957:
7953:
7951:
7947:
7943:
7941:
7937:
7933:
7932:Joseph Altman
7929:
7927:
7926:Linda Watkins
7923:
7919:
7915:
7913:
7909:
7908:Martin Cooper
7905:
7903:
7899:
7895:
7894:Robert Langer
7891:
7887:
7883:
7881:
7877:
7873:
7871:
7867:
7865:
7861:
7859:
7855:
7851:
7850:Joan Massagué
7847:
7843:
7842:Judah Folkman
7839:
7837:
7833:
7831:
7827:
7823:
7819:
7815:
7813:
7809:
7805:
7801:
7797:
7793:
7791:
7787:
7783:
7781:
7777:
7773:
7771:
7767:
7763:
7761:research team
7760:
7756:
7754:
7750:
7748:of Costa Rica
7747:
7743:
7739:
7737:
7733:
7731:
7727:
7725:
7721:
7719:
7715:
7713:
7709:
7705:
7703:
7699:
7697:
7693:
7689:
7687:
7686:Pablo Rudomín
7683:
7679:
7677:
7673:
7671:
7667:
7663:
7661:
7657:
7655:
7651:
7649:
7645:
7643:
7639:
7638:
7635:
7628:
7624:
7619:
7611:
7606:
7604:
7599:
7597:
7592:
7591:
7588:
7575:
7574:Avi Wigderson
7572:
7569:
7566:
7563:
7562:Jack Dongarra
7560:
7557:
7553:
7550:
7549:
7547:
7543:
7536:
7532:
7529:
7526:
7522:
7518:
7517:Yoshua Bengio
7515:
7512:
7508:
7505:
7502:
7499:
7496:
7492:
7489:
7486:
7483:
7480:
7477:
7474:
7473:Silvio Micali
7470:
7467:
7464:
7461:
7458:
7455:
7454:
7452:
7448:
7441:
7438:
7435:
7432:
7429:
7425:
7421:
7418:
7415:
7414:Frances Allen
7412:
7409:
7406:
7403:
7399:
7396:
7393:
7390:
7387:
7383:
7379:
7376:
7373:
7369:
7366:
7363:
7360:
7359:
7357:
7353:
7346:
7343:
7340:
7337:
7334:
7331:
7328:
7325:
7322:
7319:
7316:
7312:
7309:
7306:
7302:
7299:
7296:
7293:
7290:
7287:
7284:
7281:
7280:
7278:
7274:
7267:
7266:William Kahan
7264:
7261:
7258:
7255:
7252:
7249:
7248:Robert Tarjan
7245:
7244:John Hopcroft
7242:
7239:
7236:
7233:
7232:Niklaus Wirth
7230:
7227:
7223:
7220:
7217:
7214:
7211:
7210:Edgar F. Codd
7208:
7205:
7202:
7201:
7199:
7195:
7188:
7185:
7182:
7179:
7176:
7173:
7170:
7166:
7163:
7160:
7156:
7153:
7150:
7147:
7144:
7141:
7138:
7135:
7132:
7131:John McCarthy
7129:
7126:
7123:
7122:
7120:
7116:
7109:
7108:Marvin Minsky
7106:
7103:
7100:
7097:
7094:
7091:
7088:
7087:
7085:
7081:
7077:
7074:
7067:
7062:
7060:
7055:
7053:
7048:
7047:
7044:
7032:
7029:
7027:
7024:
7022:
7019:
7017:
7014:
7013:
7011:
7007:
7001:
7000:Patrick Moore
6998:
6997:
6995:
6991:
6985:
6982:
6980:
6977:
6975:
6972:
6970:
6967:
6965:
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6955:
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6940:
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6937:
6933:
6931:
6928:
6926:
6923:
6921:
6918:
6916:
6913:
6911:
6910:Allan Sandage
6908:
6906:
6903:
6901:
6898:
6896:
6895:Mike Paterson
6893:
6891:
6888:
6886:
6883:
6881:
6878:
6876:
6875:
6874:Andrew Leslie
6871:
6869:
6866:
6864:
6861:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6813:James F. Crow
6811:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6799:
6798:Keith Burnett
6796:
6794:
6791:
6789:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6779:
6776:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6766:
6764:
6763:David Attwell
6761:
6760:
6758:
6754:
6750:
6746:
6745:Royal Society
6742:
6735:
6730:
6728:
6723:
6721:
6716:
6715:
6712:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6677:
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6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6662:
6659:
6657:
6656:Laura Breeden
6654:
6652:
6651:Abhay Bhushan
6649:
6648:
6646:
6642:
6636:
6633:
6631:
6628:
6626:
6623:
6619:
6614:
6613:Liane Tarouco
6611:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6599:
6598:Yakov Rekhter
6596:
6594:
6591:
6589:
6586:
6584:
6581:
6579:
6576:
6574:
6571:
6569:
6566:
6564:
6563:Rafael Ibarra
6561:
6559:
6556:
6554:
6551:
6549:
6548:Jan Gruntorad
6546:
6544:
6543:Frode Greisen
6541:
6537:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6521:Carlos Afonso
6519:
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6516:
6512:
6504:
6499:
6496:
6494:
6491:
6487:
6482:
6479:
6477:
6474:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6454:
6452:
6451:Douglas Comer
6449:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6438:
6436:
6432:
6428:
6421:
6417:
6403:
6400:
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6380:
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6286:
6283:
6281:
6278:
6277:
6275:
6271:
6265:
6262:
6260:
6257:
6255:
6254:Ray Tomlinson
6252:
6250:
6249:Craig Newmark
6247:
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6232:
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6100:
6097:
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6090:
6087:
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6079:Demi Getschko
6077:
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5965:
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5954:
5952:
5948:
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5937:
5933:
5919:
5918:Radia Perlman
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5898:Susan Estrada
5896:
5894:
5891:
5890:
5888:
5884:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5872:Stephen Wolff
5870:
5868:
5867:Robert Taylor
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
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5843:
5840:
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5835:
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5814:
5812:
5808:
5802:
5799:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5756:Donald Davies
5754:
5752:
5751:Steve Crocker
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5733:
5731:
5727:
5723:
5716:
5712:
5708:
5701:
5696:
5694:
5689:
5687:
5682:
5681:
5678:
5665:
5661:
5657:
5656:Brian Hoskins
5654:
5651:
5647:
5643:
5640:
5637:
5633:
5632:Drew Weissman
5629:
5626:
5623:
5619:
5615:
5612:
5609:
5605:
5602:
5601:
5599:
5595:
5588:
5584:
5581:
5578:
5574:
5570:
5569:Akira Yoshino
5567:
5564:
5560:
5556:
5553:
5550:
5546:
5543:
5540:
5539:Alain Fischer
5536:
5532:
5529:
5526:
5522:
5519:
5516:
5512:
5509:
5506:
5505:Masato Sagawa
5502:
5498:
5494:
5491:
5488:
5487:Toshio Hirano
5484:
5480:
5476:
5473:
5470:
5466:
5463:
5462:
5460:
5456:
5449:
5448:David E. Kuhl
5445:
5442:
5439:
5435:
5431:
5428:
5425:
5421:
5417:
5414:
5411:
5407:
5406:John Houghton
5404:
5401:
5397:
5393:
5390:
5387:
5383:
5379:
5378:Kenichi Honda
5376:
5373:
5369:
5365:
5362:
5359:
5355:
5351:
5348:
5345:
5341:
5338:
5335:
5331:
5328:
5327:
5325:
5321:
5314:
5310:
5306:
5303:
5300:
5296:
5292:
5289:
5286:
5282:
5278:
5274:
5271:
5268:
5264:
5261:
5258:
5254:
5253:Nick Holonyak
5251:
5248:
5244:
5241:
5238:
5234:
5231:
5228:
5224:
5221:
5218:
5214:
5211:
5208:
5204:
5200:
5196:
5195:Marvin Minsky
5193:
5192:
5190:
5186:
5179:
5175:
5172:
5169:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5153:
5149:
5146:
5143:
5139:
5135:
5132:
5129:
5125:
5122:
5119:
5115:
5112:
5111:
5109:
5105:
5100:
5093:
5088:
5086:
5081:
5079:
5074:
5073:
5070:
5057:
5056:Sophie Wilson
5053:
5049:
5045:
5042:
5039:
5036:
5035:
5033:
5029:
5022:
5019:
5016:
5013:
5010:
5006:
5005:Nick Holonyak
5002:
4998:
4994:
4993:Isamu Akasaki
4991:
4988:
4987:Akira Yoshino
4984:
4983:Rachid Yazami
4980:
4977:
4974:
4973:Joel S. Engel
4970:
4966:
4962:
4961:Martin Cooper
4958:
4955:
4952:
4948:
4947:Martin Schadt
4944:
4940:
4937:
4934:
4930:
4927:
4926:
4924:
4920:
4913:
4910:
4907:
4904:
4901:
4898:
4895:
4891:
4890:Willard Boyle
4888:
4885:
4881:
4878:
4874:
4873:Robert Taylor
4870:
4866:
4863:
4860:
4856:
4853:
4850:
4849:Robert Langer
4847:
4844:
4840:
4836:
4832:
4829:
4828:
4826:
4822:
4815:
4811:
4807:
4804:
4801:
4798:
4795:
4791:
4788:
4785:
4782:
4779:
4775:
4774:Frank Whittle
4772:
4771:
4769:
4765:
4758:
4754:
4751:
4750:
4748:
4744:
4739:
4732:
4727:
4725:
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4718:
4713:
4712:
4709:
4697:
4689:
4687:
4679:
4677:
4669:
4667:
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4656:
4653:
4646:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4601:
4599:
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4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
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4513:
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4508:
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4503:
4501:
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4473:
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4468:
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4462:
4460:
4458:
4454:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4418:
4412:
4411:Code-division
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4396:Time-division
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4379:
4375:
4369:
4366:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4353:
4352:
4349:
4345:
4342:
4341:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4326:
4324:
4322:and switching
4320:
4316:
4308:
4305:
4304:
4303:
4300:
4296:
4293:
4292:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4274:
4273:optical fiber
4271:
4270:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4263:Coaxial cable
4261:
4260:
4258:
4256:
4250:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4178:Radia Perlman
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4068:Lee de Forest
4066:
4064:
4063:Thomas Edison
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4053:Donald Davies
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4038:Claude Chappe
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
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3959:
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3935:
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3928:
3926:
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3922:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3915:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3882:Smoke signals
3880:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3862:
3861:
3860:Semiconductor
3858:
3854:
3851:
3850:
3849:
3846:
3844:
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3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
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3744:
3740:
3737:
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3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3721:
3720:
3719:Digital media
3717:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
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3690:
3688:
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3522:
3520:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3499:
3495:
3491:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3476:0-19-286207-3
3473:
3469:
3466:
3463:
3462:0-89434-367-X
3459:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3449:1-58415-096-3
3446:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3409:
3405:
3398:
3382:
3376:
3374:
3358:
3354:
3348:
3332:
3326:
3324:
3308:
3304:
3297:
3289:
3283:
3267:
3263:
3257:
3241:
3237:
3231:
3224:
3219:
3203:
3199:
3193:
3178:
3174:
3168:
3160:
3154:
3138:
3134:
3128:
3120:
3116:
3109:
3102:
3098:
3093:
3086:
3082:
3077:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3047:
3032:
3028:
3022:
3014:
3010:
3009:Royal Society
3006:
3000:
2984:
2978:
2962:
2958:
2951:
2936:
2930:
2915:
2911:
2905:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2874:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2843:
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2824:
2820:
2816:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2801:
2784:
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2776:
2770:
2762:
2758:
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2745:
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2735:
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2716:
2709:
2701:
2700:
2695:
2688:
2672:
2668:
2662:
2646:
2639:
2637:
2621:
2617:
2610:
2608:
2600:
2595:
2580:
2576:
2569:
2562:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2535:
2528:
2516:
2509:
2502:
2490:
2483:
2476:
2471:
2455:
2451:
2445:
2429:
2423:
2407:
2401:
2385:
2379:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
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2347:
2343:
2339:
2333:
2326:
2325:
2318:
2310:
2306:
2300:
2284:
2278:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2248:
2233:
2232:
2227:
2220:
2204:
2200:
2194:
2178:
2172:
2156:
2150:
2134:
2130:
2124:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2102:
2086:
2079:
2071:
2064:
2048:
2041:
2039:
2023:
2016:
2014:
2012:
1995:
1991:
1985:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1952:
1950:
1933:
1929:
1924:
1916:
1900:
1896:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1875:
1871:
1870:Time Magazine
1867:
1860:
1858:
1841:
1835:
1833:
1816:
1812:
1806:
1804:
1787:
1783:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1738:
1723:
1719:
1712:
1696:
1692:
1686:
1671:. Cci.mit.edu
1670:
1666:
1660:
1644:
1640:
1634:
1618:
1614:
1607:
1591:
1585:
1569:
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1503:
1497:
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1453:
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1427:
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1419:
1415:
1411:
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1402:
1394:
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1375:
1366:
1350:
1346:
1340:
1332:
1328:
1321:
1306:
1302:
1296:
1280:
1276:
1270:
1255:
1251:
1245:
1237:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1217:
1211:
1207:Anon (2015).
1203:
1201:
1199:
1194:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1129:
1124:Personal life
1121:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1094:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1053:
1048:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1032:
1030:, March 1999.
1029:
1025:
1018:
1012:
1002:
1000:
999:
994:
989:
987:
983:
979:
974:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
943:
939:
937:
936:Christ Church
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
908:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
881:
879:
875:
871:
863:
858:
854:
852:
851:NeXT Computer
848:
843:
841:
837:
833:
828:
824:
819:
817:
810:
805:
801:
798:
794:
790:
786:
785:UK government
782:
774:
769:
760:
758:
754:
753:
747:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
724:
722:
717:
715:
710:
706:
704:
698:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
667:
659:
658:NeXT Computer
654:
643:
631:
629:
625:
619:
616:
614:
610:
607:
601:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
578:
576:
572:
568:
559:
550:
548:
545:
541:
536:
534:
533:model railway
530:
526:
522:
517:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
481:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
403:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
357:
352:
347:
343:
333:
329:
325:
321:
315:
312:
310:
307:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
292:
291:
289:
285:
282:
278:
274:
267:
264:
261:
258:
255:
252:
249:
246:
243:
240:
239:
237:
233:
226:
223:
220:
217:
216:
214:
210:
206:
202:
185:
178:
177:
156:Nancy Carlson
151:
150:
148:
144:
141:
137:
133:
129:
126:
122:
116:
112:
104:(age 69)
90:
86:
79:
74:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
33:
30:
19:
8879:Helen Keller
8854:Billy Graham
8826:Muhammad Ali
8794:James Watson
8741:Edwin Hubble
8706:Enrico Fermi
8677:
8625:Pete Rozelle
8576:Estée Lauder
8474:Bart Simpson
8411:Le Corbusier
8376:Lucille Ball
8246:Adolf Hitler
8200:
8092:Özlem Türeci
8048:Joanne Chory
8042:Svante Pääbo
8023:Rainer Weiss
7922:Baruch Minke
7918:David Julius
7886:Sumio Iijima
7880:Ginés Morata
7836:Jane Goodall
7829:
7800:John Sulston
7796:Craig Venter
7786:Robert Gallo
7730:Amable Liñán
7642:Alberto Sols
7535:Pat Hanrahan
7500:
7289:Robin Milner
7238:Richard Karp
7222:Ken Thompson
7216:Stephen Cook
7155:Allen Newell
7149:Donald Knuth
7031:Ahmed Zewail
6979:Bryan Webber
6958:Roger Tanner
6956:
6942:Adrian Smith
6934:
6915:Dale Sanders
6900:Bruce Ponder
6872:
6853:Brigid Hogan
6793:Hugh Bostock
6777:
6681:Simon S. Lam
6666:Steve Cisler
6608:Pål Spilling
6603:Philip Smith
6583:DaeYoung Kim
6578:Dan Kaminsky
6573:Yngvar Lundh
6526:Rob Blokzijl
6476:José Soriano
6461:Larry Irving
6456:Elise Gerich
6315:Aaron Swartz
6295:Stephen Kent
6234:Van Jacobson
6223:
6155:Shigeki Goto
6053:Barry Leiner
5977:Geoff Huston
5972:Nancy Hafkin
5862:Glenn Ricart
5852:Kees Neggers
5842:Bob Metcalfe
5827:Howard Frank
5822:David Farber
5796:Louis Pouzin
5786:John Klensin
5608:Svante Pääbo
5545:Hideo Hosono
5515:Jean Fréchet
5497:Brian Druker
5493:Janet Rowley
5475:Ken Thompson
5392:Makoto Nagao
5354:Anne McLaren
5349:
5295:Jozef Schell
5223:Gerhard Ertl
5217:John J. Wild
5203:Dan McKenzie
5168:Robert Gallo
5160:Frank Fenner
5138:Gurdev Khush
5044:Steve Furber
5038:Jean Fréchet
4899:
4855:Ivan Getting
4784:John Backus
4757:Robert Noyce
4378:Multiplexing
4253:Transmission
4218:Nikola Tesla
4208:Henry Sutton
4163:Samuel Morse
4093:Robert Hooke
4058:Amos Dolbear
4007:
3993:John Bardeen
3912:
3892:Telautograph
3796:Mobile phone
3751:Edholm's law
3734:social media
3667:Broadcasting
3590:
3529:
3509:
3497:
3480:
3467:
3453:
3440:
3436:publications
3432:
3412:. Retrieved
3407:
3397:
3385:. Retrieved
3360:. Retrieved
3357:sothebys.com
3356:
3347:
3335:. Retrieved
3310:. Retrieved
3306:
3296:
3282:
3270:. Retrieved
3268:. 8 May 2018
3265:
3256:
3244:. Retrieved
3239:
3230:
3218:
3206:. Retrieved
3201:
3192:
3182:10 September
3180:. Retrieved
3176:
3167:
3153:
3141:. Retrieved
3136:
3127:
3119:The Guardian
3118:
3108:
3100:
3092:
3084:
3076:
3064:. Retrieved
3060:the original
3055:
3046:
3034:. Retrieved
3030:
3021:
3013:the original
2999:
2987:. Retrieved
2977:
2965:. Retrieved
2950:
2940:29 September
2938:. Retrieved
2929:
2919:30 September
2917:. Retrieved
2913:
2904:
2892:. Retrieved
2884:The Register
2883:
2873:
2861:. Retrieved
2852:
2827:. Retrieved
2819:The Register
2818:
2787:. Retrieved
2783:the original
2769:
2751:
2743:
2734:
2722:. Retrieved
2719:The Guardian
2718:
2708:
2699:The Guardian
2697:
2687:
2675:. Retrieved
2671:the original
2661:
2649:. Retrieved
2623:. Retrieved
2619:
2594:
2582:. Retrieved
2578:
2568:
2560:
2553:. Retrieved
2549:the original
2544:
2534:
2526:
2519:. Retrieved
2508:
2500:
2495:15 September
2493:. Retrieved
2482:
2470:
2458:. Retrieved
2453:
2444:
2432:. Retrieved
2422:
2410:. Retrieved
2400:
2388:. Retrieved
2378:
2353:
2349:
2337:
2332:
2323:
2317:
2308:
2299:
2287:. Retrieved
2277:
2265:. Retrieved
2261:the original
2247:
2235:. Retrieved
2229:
2219:
2207:. Retrieved
2203:the original
2193:
2181:. Retrieved
2171:
2159:. Retrieved
2149:
2137:. Retrieved
2133:the original
2123:
2110:
2101:
2089:. Retrieved
2078:
2069:
2063:
2051:. Retrieved
2025:. Retrieved
1998:. Retrieved
1993:
1984:
1972:. Retrieved
1960:
1936:. Retrieved
1927:
1915:
1903:. Retrieved
1898:
1874:the original
1869:
1844:. Retrieved
1819:. Retrieved
1814:
1790:. Retrieved
1785:
1759:. Retrieved
1747:
1737:
1725:. Retrieved
1721:
1711:
1699:. Retrieved
1695:the original
1685:
1673:. Retrieved
1668:
1659:
1647:. Retrieved
1643:the original
1633:
1621:. Retrieved
1616:
1606:
1594:. Retrieved
1584:
1572:. Retrieved
1562:
1529:
1525:
1518:Weitzner, D.
1514:Shadbolt, N.
1501:
1496:
1466:(4): 76–81.
1463:
1459:
1455:
1452:Shadbolt, N.
1446:
1416:(6): 80–85.
1413:
1407:
1401:
1381:
1374:
1365:
1353:. Retrieved
1348:
1339:
1330:
1320:
1310:19 September
1308:. Retrieved
1304:
1295:
1285:18 September
1283:. Retrieved
1278:
1269:
1257:. Retrieved
1253:
1244:
1214:
1164:
1153:
1141:Chapel Royal
1130:
1127:
1118:Turing Award
1107:
1100:
1090:
1071:
1056:
1049:
1041:Elizabeth II
1034:
1023:
1020:
1016:
996:
990:
975:
948:
909:
882:
867:
844:
836:Brian Schatz
832:Roger Wicker
820:
813:
781:Gordon Brown
778:
750:
748:
744:Semantic Web
725:
718:
711:
707:
699:
683:WorldWideWeb
663:
640:
621:
617:
602:
579:
564:
537:
529:trainspotter
518:
516:management.
487:
469:
466:Turing Award
462:Elizabeth II
431:
404:
390:system, and
368:
364:
363:
342:/Berners-Lee
287:Institutions
280:
242:Turing Award
29:
9072:1955 births
8907:Harvey Milk
8861:Che Guevara
8783:Alan Turing
8762:Jean Piaget
8639:Juan Trippe
8611:Akio Morita
8541:Walt Disney
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2967:25 November
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