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than women', Mary Lee added. 'It was grossly unfair and there was a rebellion. The personnel officer was shocked we'd even discussed our wages.' She was on £400 a year. 'The Tin Hut marriage rate was high', her husband said. 'The
Robinsons … the Bennetts … the Clarkes … us.' Many of these pioneers had moved on to professorships, or
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techniques of sorting and updating files. In 1956 he devised an application for planning the production of items from a variety of components, for example, animal feed products. In 1957 he published an article on machine loading. A report that he produced in 1964 listed 31 Ferranti projects that used
333:
In
Manchester, nearly half the programmers were women, Conway Berners-Lee, who married one of them, said 'Ferranti hired intelligent girls very cheaply but this gave them a big cultural problem because, prior to that, the company had only employed women as typists or factory hands'. 'Men got more
286:
covering all types of vehicle and spares. This meant that they had to say goodbye to 30 women who had been punching the cards. The last job was sorting and listing the 250,000 personnel cards to get all the service people onto ships for home. There was a race with the clerks doing this job by
246:
as a compressed two-year course, because the government needed people trained in mathematics and electronics. In addition, he attended a series of lectures in electronics. After university, he had further training in electronic engineering and soon joined the army in the
427:
of the new systems. It was known as FAST – standing for
Football Analogy for System Throughput. The work done by each 'player' was derived from a system monitor file containing data for device and concurrency counts. He received much encouragement when Hughes and Moe at
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527:
Conway and Mary Lee
Berners-Lee, interviewed by Thomas Lean, 2010–2011, An Oral History of British Science, British Library Sound & Moving Image reference C1379/23 Audio and Transcript (at British Library only but brief
400:
In the late 1960s
Berners-Lee led the Medical Development Team of ICT and then ICL. He was involved in some of the earliest developments in the applications of computers in medicine, and his
858:
Coles, E. C.; Beilin, L. J.; Bulpitt, C. J.; Dollery, C. T.; Johnson, B. F.; Mearns, C.; Munro-Faure, A. D.; Turner, S. C.; et al. (1973), "Computer-based records in the clinic (a)",
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In the 1950s it was not clear how computers could usefully be employed away from the field of mathematics. As well as statistics, Berners-Lee had acquired a knowledge of
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since 1951. He joined
Ferranti in 1953 working at Ferranti's London Computer Centre. They were married on 10 July 1954 at St Saviour's Church, Hampstead.
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and top executive jobs. They'd been the culmination of a measured progress from military radar work to academia to commerce, and the heroically named '
436:
Installation. The model could also be used to predict throughput on a minute to minute basis – peaks being believed to be due to instability in the
389:
and backing store was a scarce and valuable resource in those days, he had also devised a procedure for compressing text, which in 1963 he sent to
1104:
1084:
1021:
583:
Dead medium: the Zuse
Ziffernrechner; the V1, Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 program-controlled electromechanical digital computers; the death of Konrad Zuse
179:(19 September 1921 – 1 February 2019) was an English mathematician and computer scientist who worked as a member of the team that developed the
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reading mathematics, Berners-Lee volunteered for the armed services, but was instructed to stay on to take parts I and II of the
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in 1947 with the rank of Major. He then worked on a punched card data processing system for the
Plastics Division of
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I am Tim
Berners-Lee. I invented the WWW 25 years ago and I am concerned and excited about its future. AMA
549:, BINIAC was not designed as a general purpose computer and it was never used for its intended purpose,
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81:
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Berners-Lee, C.M. (1976), "Four Years
Experience with Performance Methodology for System Planning",
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996:. By Dr. D.G. Prinz & Mr C.M Berners-Lee of Ferranti Ltd. (Paper) 1996.10/6/12/28/10 1957
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In 1960 Berners-Lee had evolved a technique for editing text—including hyphenation—for metal
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People associated with the Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester
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Reversibility and Stochastic Networks (Probability & Mathematical Statistics)
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Berners-Lee was son of Major Cecil Burford Berners-Lee (1884–1931), of the
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Proceedings of Computer Performance Evaluation Session, EUROCOMP 1976
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Berners-Lee, C.M. (1979), "Network Models of System Performance",
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citing Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 10 No. 1 1988
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412:
215:, and Helen Lane Campbell Gray (1895–1968). His mother was from
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Resurrection: The Bulletin of the Computer Conservation Society
722:
Resurrection: The Bulletin of the Computer Conservation Society
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674:"Scientific pioneers honoured by The University of Manchester"
932:, vol. 1, no. 2 (published May 1979), p. 147,
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network model for ICL's 'New Range' of computers (later the
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The business computing division of Ferranti was merged with
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Corps of Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (REME)
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The Use of Electronic Computers in the Chemical Industry
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Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester
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After the end of hostilities, Berners-Lee was posted to
16:
English mathematician and computer scientist (1921–2019)
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News Bulletin from the Parish of SS Alban & Stephen
325:
The following is an extract from Dominic Wilson's book
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in Cairo, known as the Number 1 Statistics Unit of the
607:, no. 42835, London, p. 1, 26 September 1921
226:
Berners-Lee died on 1 February 2019 at the age of 97.
170:
Helen Lane Campbell Gray and Cecil Burford Berners-Lee
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installation involving about five million 65-column
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Photograph with colleagues (under Ferranti and ICL)
411:Berners-Lee spent the 1970s developing and using a
362:
Conway Berners-Lee and Mary Lee Berners-Lee in 2013
1095:Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers soldiers
862:, vol. 184, no. 1077, pp. 387–397,
1055:Military personnel from Birmingham, West Midlands
753:, no. 52981, London, p. 1, 12 July 1954
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541:Although the Ferranti Mark 1was preceded by the
455:
453:
355:OR techniques in a wide variety of businesses.
988:The National Archives: The Ferranti Collection
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430:Norwegian University of Science and Technology
342:’ computers had made Ferranti a lot of money.
1008:. By C.M. Berners-Lee 1996.10/6/12/28/29 1959
1002:. By C.M. Berners-Lee 1996.10/6/12/28/28 1959
523:
521:
372:English Electric Leo Marconi (EELM) computers
278:. He was employed to close down a very large
954:(published September 1976), pp. 165–187
836:, Computer History Vignettes, archived from
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368:International Computers and Tabulators (ICT)
949:
927:
626:Winnipeg Free Press, 2 September 1920, p. 8
617:The London Gazette, 6 October 1908, p. 7227
370:in 1963, and ICT was, in turn, merged with
287:hand—and the clerks won over the machines.
518:
494:. Reed Business Information. pp. 43–.
488:Reed Business Information (7 March 1957).
251:. He worked on Gun Laying and Searchlight
206:
31:
1006:The Use of Computers for Optimal Planning
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784:
708:
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316:Ferranti Mark 1 and Mark 1 Star computers
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138:
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423:who was responsible for optimising the
1105:British Army personnel of World War II
1085:International Computers Limited people
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781:
768:, Cengage Learning EMEA, p. 262,
763:
703:
1090:People from Birmingham, West Midlands
964:
903:
796:"Finding the Necessity for Invention"
459:
376:International Computers Limited (ICL)
223:, daughter of John Sidney Gray, M.D.
1070:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
1019:An interview with Conway Berners-Lee
790:
712:
134:
1065:21st-century English mathematicians
1060:20th-century English mathematicians
965:Ferry, Georgina (23 January 2018).
718:"Ferranti's London Computer Centre"
310:in 1952. She had been working as a
13:
1110:Royal Army Ordnance Corps soldiers
296:Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI)
14:
1121:
981:
826:
462:"Tech luminaries we lost in 2019"
385:of printed material. As space in
268:The Advanced Theory of Statistics
404:ideas were taken up by an early
967:"Mary Lee Berners-Lee obituary"
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460:Gagne, Ken (27 December 2019).
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187:in 1921 and was the father of
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833:Getting to know a Berners-Lee
638:"Ancestry of Tim Berners-Lee"
636:Reitwiesner, William Addams.
443:
994:Linear Programming "Arrives"
7:
1075:English computer scientists
238:whilst an undergraduate at
10:
1126:
552:"Description of the BINAC"
240:Trinity College, Cambridge
177:Conway Maurice Berners-Lee
82:Trinity College, Cambridge
44:Conway Maurice Berners-Lee
908:, John Wiley & Sons,
406:electronic patient record
276:Royal Army Ordnance Corps
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766:Organizational Marketing
764:Wilson, Dominic (1999),
348:operations research (OR)
327:Organizational Marketing
207:Early and personal life
876:10.1098/rspb.1973.0058
440:. He retired in 1986.
363:
344:
191:, the inventor of the
930:ICL Technical Journal
904:Kelly, F. P. (1979),
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262:where he encountered
213:Royal Field Artillery
860:Proc. R.Soc. Lond. B
137:; died
868:1973RSPSB.184..387C
840:on 16 December 2004
792:Ross, Hugh McGregor
714:Ross, Hugh McGregor
306:Christmas party in
244:mathematical tripos
189:Sir Tim Berners-Lee
1024:9 May 2017 at the
680:on 22 October 2013
577:electro-mechanical
532:available online).
510:has generic name (
364:
298:. He met his wife
199:, researcher into
25:Conway Berners-Lee
915:978-0-471-27601-2
775:978-1-86152-480-5
425:price/performance
421:Dr John Pinkerton
264:Maurice Kendall's
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54:19 September 1921
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290:Berners-Lee was
197:Mike Berners-Lee
195:, and Professor
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838:the original
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733:, retrieved
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694:
682:. Retrieved
678:the original
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645:. Retrieved
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587:, retrieved
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564:, retrieved
560:the original
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471:. Retrieved
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280:punched card
267:
257:
255:in England.
236:World War II
233:
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176:
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71:(2019-02-01)
18:
1050:2019 deaths
1045:1921 births
990:including:
647:28 February
473:28 February
383:typesetting
292:demobilised
88:Employer(s)
1039:Categories
828:Bemer, Bob
603:"Births",
444:References
312:programmer
308:Manchester
185:Birmingham
58:Birmingham
50:1921-09-19
1028:from the
938:0142-1557
808:0958-7403
751:The Times
730:0958-7403
605:The Times
500:cite book
391:Bob Bemer
234:Early in
167:Parent(s)
60:, England
1080:Ferranti
1022:Archived
892:36059484
684:14 March
545:and the
408:system.
304:Ferranti
221:Manitoba
217:Winnipeg
149:Children
99:Ferranti
884:4149140
864:Bibcode
575:Z4 was
419:) with
413:queuing
340:Pegasus
318:at the
314:on the
302:at the
143:
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123:
936:
912:
890:
882:
844:5 June
813:5 June
806:
772:
735:5 June
728:
589:5 June
566:5 June
434:Univac
395:Univac
387:memory
230:Career
133:
113:Spouse
888:S2CID
543:BINAC
266:book
260:Egypt
253:Radar
158:Helen
156:Peter
141:)
129:(
125:
934:ISSN
910:ISBN
880:PMID
846:2009
815:2009
804:ISSN
770:ISBN
737:2009
726:ISSN
686:2014
649:2021
591:2009
571:and
568:2009
512:help
475:2021
161:Mike
139:2017
135:1954
66:Died
40:Born
872:doi
393:at
272:GHQ
153:Tim
107:ICL
103:ICT
95:ICI
92:NPL
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
