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Stendhal

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are often forceful and inspired, but they are erratic, arbitrarily advanced, and, despite all their show of boldness, lacking in inward certainty and continuity. There is something unsettled about his whole nature: his fluctuation between realistic candor in general and silly mystification in particulars, between cold self-control, rapturous abandonment to sensual pleasures, and insecure and sometimes sentimental vaingloriousness, is not always easy to put up with; his literary style is very impressive and unmistakably original, but it is short-winded, not uniformly successful, and only seldom wholly takes possession of and fixes the subject. But, such as he was, he offered himself to the moment; circumstances seized him, tossed him about, and laid upon him a unique and unexpected destiny; they formed him so that he was compelled to come to terms with reality in a way which no one had done before him.
412: 534: 5493: 726: 387:, written in 52 days, is set in Italy, which he considered a more sincere and passionate country than Restoration France. An aside in that novel, referring to a character who contemplates suicide after being jilted, speaks about his attitude towards his home country: "To make this course of action clear to my French readers, I must explain that in Italy, a country very far away from us, people are still driven to despair by love." 311: 38: 2779: 445:. Later, he would also suffer "restlessness in spirit" when one of his childhood friends, Victorine got married. In a letter to Pauline, he described her as the woman of his dreams and wrote that he would have discovered happiness if he became her husband. This fusion of, and tension between, clear-headed analysis and romantic feeling is typical of Stendhal's great novels; he could be considered a Romantic realist. 601:, Stendhal refers to a novel as a mirror being carried in a basket. The metaphor of the realistic novel as a mirror of contemporary reality, accessible to the narrator, has certain limitations, which the artist is aware of. A valuable realistic work exceeds the Platonic meaning of art as a copy of reality. A mirror does not reflect reality in its entirety, nor is the artist's aim to document it fully. In 2220:(1986) p.500, quote (translation by Randall 2001 p.199): "used the texts of Carpani, Winckler, Sismondi et 'tutti quanti', as an ensemble of materials that he fashioned in his own way. In other words, by isolating his personal contribution, one arrives at the conclusion that the work, far from being a cento, is highly structured such that even the borrowed parts finally melt into a whole 1275: 419:, in 1835: "I dreamed deeply of these names, and of the astonishing stupidities and stupidities they did to me." (From left to right: Virginie Kubly, Angela Pietragrua, Adèle Rebuffel, Mina de Griesheim, Mélanie Guilbert, Angelina Bereyter, Alexandrine Daru, Angela Pietragrua, Matilde Dembowski, Clémentine Curial, Giulia Rinieri, Madame Azur-Alberthe de Rubempré) 1108:, then, are very closely connected with contemporary historical circumstances; contemporary political and social conditions are woven into the action in a manner more detailed and more real than had been exhibited in any earlier novel, and indeed in any works of literary art except those expressly purporting to be politico-satirical tracts." 1121:
a universal point of view in all things; but it is not only in the name of freedom in general but also in the name of individual happiness that Stendhal calls for women's emancipation." Yet, Beauvoir criticises Stendhal for, although wanting a woman to be his equal, her only destiny he envisions for her remains a man.
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We may ask ourselves how it came about that modern consciousness of reality began to find literary form for the first time precisely in Henri Beyle of Grenoble. Beyle-Stendhal was a man of keen intelligence, quick and alive, mentally independent and courageous, but not quite a great figure. His ideas
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de Beauvoir writes "Stendhal never describes his heroines as a function of his heroes: he provides them with their own destinies." She furthermore points out that it "is remarkable that Stendhal is both so profoundly romantic and so decidedly feminist; feminists are usually rational minds that adopt
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Marie-Henri Beyle was born in Grenoble, Isère, on 23 January 1783, into the family of the advocate and landowner Chérubin Beyle and his wife Henriette Gagnon. He was an unhappy child, disliking his "unimaginative" father and mourning his mother, whom he loved fervently, and who died in childbirth in
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When we are in Bologna, we are entirely indifferent; we are not concerned to admire in any particular way the person with whom we shall perhaps one day be madly in love; even less is our imagination inclined to overrate their worth. In a word, in Bologna "crystallization" has not yet begun. When
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by finding a usable ford rather than the overwhelmed pontoon bridge, which probably saved his life and those of his companions. He arrived in Paris in 1813, largely unaware of the general fiasco that the retreat had become. Stendhal became known, during the Russian campaign, for keeping his wits
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Stendhal used many aliases in his autobiographical writings and correspondence, and often assigned pseudonyms to friends, some of whom adopted the names for themselves. Stendhal used more than a hundred pseudonyms, which were astonishingly diverse. Some he used no more than once, while others he
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to treat his sexual disease, resulting in swollen armpits, difficulty swallowing, pains in his shrunken testicles, sleeplessness, giddiness, roaring in the ears, racing pulse and "tremors so bad he could scarcely hold a fork or a pen". Modern medicine has shown that his health problems were more
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and Stendhal "the Novel owes its next great step forward...At that point it became suddenly evident that the Novel as such was capable of being regarded as a means of profoundly serious and many-sided discussion and therefore as a medium of profoundly serious investigation into the human case."
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that "it would be almost incomprehensible without a most accurate and detailed knowledge of the political situation, the social stratification, and the economic circumstances of a perfectly definite historical moment, namely, that in which France found itself just before the July Revolution."
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As I emerged from the porch of Santa Croce, I was seized with a fierce palpitation of the heart (that same symptom which, in Berlin, is referred to as an attack of the nerves); the well-spring of life was dried up within me, and I walked in constant fear of falling to the ground.
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concurred with Taine's assessment of Stendhal's skills as a "psychologist", and although emphatic in his praise of Stendhal's psychological accuracy and rejection of convention, he deplored the various implausibilities of the novels and Stendhal's clear authorial intervention.
605:, the writer emphasizes the significance of selection when it comes to describing reality, with a view to realizing the cognitive function of a work of art, achieved through the categories of unity, coherence and typicality". Stendhal was an admirer of Napoleon and his novel 1334:
is less common in France today, but was presumably the most common one in 19th-century France and perhaps the one preferred by Stendhal, as shown by the at the time well-known phrase "Stendhal, c'est un scandale" as explained on page 88 of
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returned to throughout his life. "Dominique" and "Salviati" served as intimate pet names. He coins comic names "that make him even more bourgeois than he really is: Cotonnet, Bombet, Chamier." He uses many ridiculous names: "Don phlegm", "
1140:; one feels that the great events of contemporary history affected Stendhal much more directly than they did the other two; Rousseau did not live to see them, and Goethe had managed to keep aloof from them." Auerbach goes on to say: 524:
he writes: "Will I be believed if I say I'd wear a mask with pleasure and be delighted to change my name?...for me the supreme happiness would be to change into a lanky, blonde German and to walk about like that in Paris."
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and autobiographical writings include many comments on masks and the pleasures of "feeling alive in many versions." "Look upon life as a masked ball," is the advice that Stendhal gives himself in his diary for 1814. In
357:'s army in the 1812 invasion of Russia. Upon arriving, Stendhal witnessed the burning of Moscow from just outside the city as well as the army's winter retreat. He was appointed Commissioner of War Supplies and sent to 636:(1824), now more valued for its wide-ranging musical criticism than for its historical content. He also idealized aristocracy, noting its antiegalitarianism but appreciating how it is liberal in its love of liberty. 1007:, and takes the road to Rome. The departure, according to Stendhal, has nothing to do with one's will; it is an instinctive moment. This transformative process actuates in terms of four steps along a journey: 1672: 549:. He was not fully appreciated until the beginning of the 20th century. He dedicated his writing to "the Happy Few" (in English in the original). This can be interpreted as a reference to Canto 11 of 295:
His closest friend was his younger sister, Pauline, with whom he maintained a steady correspondence throughout the first decade of the 19th century. His family was part of the bourgeois class of the
433:. She credited him for perceiving a woman as just a woman and simply a human being. Citing Stendhal's rebellious heroines, she maintained that he was a feminist writer. One of his early works is 975:
he describes or compares the "birth of love", in which the love object is 'crystallized' in the mind, as being a process similar or analogous to a trip to Rome. In the analogy, the city of
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This journey or crystallization process (shown above) was detailed by Stendhal on the back of a playing card while speaking to Madame Gherardi, during his trip to the Salzburg salt mine.
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If the plagiarisms of Stendhal are legion, many are virtually translations: that is, cross-border plagiarism. Maurevert reports that Goethe, commenting enthusiastically on Stendhal's
878: 768: 586:, "the happy few" refers ironically to the small number of people who read the title character's obscure and pedantic treatise on monogamy. As a literary critic, such as in 1132:, are "far more closely, essentially, and concretely connected with the politics, sociology, and economics of the period than are, for example, the corresponding works of 1090: 1035:
considered the psychological portraits of Stendhal's characters to be "real, because they are complex, many-sided, particular and original, like living human beings."
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about him, and maintaining his "sang-froid and clear-headedness." He also maintained his daily routine, shaving each day during the retreat from Moscow.
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considers Stendhal "the greatest all round French writer – author of two of the top 20 French novels, author of a highly original autobiography (
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Stendhal was a dandy and wit about town in Paris, as well as an obsessive womaniser. His genuine empathy towards women is evident in his books;
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Stendhal suffered miserable physical disabilities in his final years as he continued to produce some of his most famous work. He contracted
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at Trieste and Civitavecchia. He formed a particular attachment to Italy, where he spent much of the remainder of his career. His novel
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was essentially the literary counterpart of liberalism in politics. When Stendhal was appointed to a consular post in Trieste in 1830,
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Since Stendhal had lived and traveled extensively in Germany, it is of course also possible that he in fact pronounced his name as
1413:), and that some French speakers approximated this but that most used one of the two common French pronunciations of the spelling 1328:, which is run by a professor of linguistics and records the pronunciations of highly educated native speakers. The pronunciation 5552: 559:, which refers to "the thousand happy few" who enjoy high society, or to the "we few, we happy few, we band of brothers" line of 4013: 2459: 5557: 5532: 5438: 3091: 2630: 2609: 2588: 2567: 2546: 2157: 2132: 2107: 1973: 1934: 1909: 1884: 1856: 1638: 1599: 1571: 480:, including "Louis Alexandre Bombet" and "Anastasius Serpière". The only book that Stendhal published under his own name was 461:
attributable to his treatment than to his syphilis. He is said to have sought the best treatment in Paris, Vienna and Rome.
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Stendhal died on 23 March 1842, a few hours after collapsing with a seizure in the street in Paris. He is interred in the
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Angela Pietragrua is cited twice: during their first meeting in 1800; and when he fell in love with her in 1811.
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and historical dimensions. Stendhal was an avid fan of music, particularly the works of the composers
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were a revelation to Beyle. As an assistant war commissioner, he served in the administration of the
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calling him "that pet of all those who like their French plain". In the notes to his translation of
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Delight – one delights in overrating the beauty and merit of the person whose love one hopes to win.
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Nabokov wrote satirically, "Literary departments still labored under the impression that Stendhal,
752: 4911: 4201: 2834: 590:, Stendhal championed the Romantic aesthetic by unfavorably comparing the rules and strictures of 488:(September 1817) onwards, he published his works under the pseudonym "M. de Stendhal, officier de 5104: 4961: 4866: 4722: 4151: 3767: 3157: 3030: 1615: 944: 625: 3977: 3677: 2559:
Napoleonic Friendship: Military Fraternity, Intimacy, and Sexuality in Nineteenth-century France
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Cite error: The named reference "JR" was defined multiple times with different content (see the
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Acknowledgement – one acknowledges the pleasantness of having gained the loved one's interest.
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In Auerbach's view, in Stendhal's novels "characters, attitudes, and relationships of the
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was "the most beautiful accident of my life, more so than even my discovery of Stendhal".
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The Illustrious Dead: The Terrifying Story of How Typhus Killed Napoleon's Greatest Army
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Paderborn: Wilhelm Fink, 2019 (Periplous. Münchener Studien zur Literaturwissenschaft).
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The New York Times Guide to Essential Knowledge: A Desk Reference for the Curious Mind
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Contemporary readers did not fully appreciate Stendhal's realistic style during the
508:", "William Crocodile", "Poverino", "Baron de Cutendre". One of his correspondents, 5024: 4921: 4846: 4763: 4727: 4605: 4580: 4575: 4276: 4266: 4261: 4251: 4241: 4216: 4146: 4069: 4044: 3612: 3561: 3458: 3299: 3289: 3272: 3233: 3228: 3203: 2764: 2707: 1803: 1787: 1280: 1179: 1149: 648: 576: 349:
on 3 August 1810, and thereafter took part in the French administration and in the
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he encountered when he first visited the Tuscan city. As he described in his book
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the Stendhal Express, though there is no physical distress connected to it.
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Stendhal's depiction of "crystallization" in the process of falling in love.
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Napoleonic Scholarship: The Journal of the International Napoleonic Society
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Eros - Wunde - Restauration. Stendhal und die Entstehung des Realismus,
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He spent "the happiest years of his life" at the Beyle country house in
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by Stirling Haig. On the other hand, many obituaries used the spelling
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in December 1808. As he noted in his journal, he was taking iodide of
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In 1817 Stendhal was reportedly overcome by the cultural richness of
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considers modern "serious realism" to have begun with Stendhal and
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the journey begins, love departs. One leaves Bologna, climbs the
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Before settling on the pen name Stendhal, he published under many
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Stendhal: "The Red and the Black" and "The Charterhouse of Parma"
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and claims to have heard the anecdote recounted by a marchesina.'
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His other works include short stories, journalism, travel books (
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According to the literary theorist Kornelije Kvas: "In his novel
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Dousteyssier-Khoze, Catherine; Place-Verghnes, Floriane (2006).
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is "much overrated", and that Stendhal has a "paltry style". In
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Essential Novelists - Stendhal: modern consciousness of reality
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Digital version of Stendhal's shoulder-notes on his own books.
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for Mathilde, Countess Dembowska, whom he met while living at
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in Italy. He travelled extensively in Germany and was part of
2014:. Translated by Arthur Goldhammer. Harvard University Press. 1927:
Stendhal: The Red and the Black and The Charterhouse of Parma
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to prepare provisions for the returning army. He crossed the
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Mimesis: The Representation of Reality in Western Literature
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refers to Stendhal as "France's last great psychologist" in
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Beyond Good and Evil: Prelude to a Philosophy of the Future
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Admiration – one marvels at the qualities of the loved one.
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This article is about the writer. For the German city, see
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Poétiques de la parodie et du pastiche de 1850 à nos jours
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is the most common in France today, as shown by the entry
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on account of Stendhal's liberalism and anti-clericalism.
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Reading Realism in Stendhal (Cambridge Studies in French)
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The condition was diagnosed and named in 1979 by Italian
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Melancholy portrait of Stendhal by Ducis, 1835, in Milan.
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Literaturblatt für germanische und romanische Philologie
141:; 23 January 1783 – 23 March 1842), better known by his 2647:
Stendhal; Del Litto, Victor; Abravanel, Ernest (1970).
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Hope – one envisions gaining the love of the loved one.
2403:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. pp.  1364:
was also already common at the time of his death (see
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Starobinski, Jean (1989). "Pseudononimous Stendhal".
1968:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 75. 1114:
uses Stendhal as an example of a feminist author. In
923:(1838; though first published posthumously in 1930) ( 492:". He borrowed this pen name from the German city of 234: 225: 207: 198: 163: 2653:(in French). Vol. 41. le Cercle du bibliophile. 1828: 1816: 1695:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 9. 1633:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 11. 1487:. Oxforddictionaries.com. 2014-01-23. Archived from 1462:. Oxforddictionaries.com. 2014-01-23. Archived from 1371:(in German). Vol. 57 to 58. 1936. p. 175). 1270: 612:
Today, Stendhal's works attract attention for their
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Naples and Florence: A Journey from Milan to Reggio
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Pragmatic plagiarism: authorship, profit, and power
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Study Guide to The Second Sex by Simone de Beauvoir
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Paul Broca and the Origins of Language in the Brain
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Naples and Florence: A Journey from Milan to Reggio
609:is considered his literary tribute to the emperor. 237: 210: 160: 2174: 254:), was a French writer. Best known for the novels 2669:A Lion for Love: A Critical Biography of Stendhal 2428: 2426: 2424: 1851:. San Diego, CA: Plural Publishing. p. 135. 1358:, which clearly indicates that the pronunciation 415:List of the women that he had loved, inserted in 5588:French military personnel of the Napoleonic Wars 5509: 2058:. Translated by Ellis, David. Horizon. pp.  1124:Even Stendhal's autobiographical works, such as 2598:Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm (1 January 2004). 2125:How the French Won Waterloo - or Think They Did 1879:. Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press. p. 218. 750:(1830, later published in the Paris periodical 299:, which explains his ambiguous attitude toward 2421: 1953:. Suffolk: Chapman and Hall. 1913. p. 74. 318:where Stendhal stayed in December 1812 during 3085: 2985: 2864: 2100:The Boundaries of Realism in World Literature 1661:. Coward, McCann & Geoghegan. p. 68. 2583:. Translated by Hollingdale, R. J. Penguin. 1747:Sartre, Jean-Paul (September–October 2009). 394:and his sojourn in Italy convinced him that 2432: 2009: 1631:Stendhal: Fiction and the Themes of Freedom 1248:) amongst first-time visitors to the city. 569:, but Stendhal's use more likely refers to 3092: 3078: 2992: 2978: 2871: 2857: 1656: 326:The military and theatrical worlds of the 36: 2597: 2576: 2460:"The Strange Case of Pushkin and Nabokov" 2315: 2303: 2147: 1807: 1255:named their overnight train service from 1053:(1886). He also mentions Stendhal in the 537:The second volume of the 1831 edition of 373:, he left for Italy, where he settled in 2828: 2650:Vies de Haydn, de Mozart et de Métastase 2601:Twilight of the Idols and the Antichrist 2396: 2049: 1874: 1846: 1773: 1628: 993: 724: 532: 410: 309: 5538:19th-century French short story writers 2792:: text, concordances and frequency list 2392: 2390: 2388: 2278: 2181:. University of Toronto Press. p.  2172: 2034: 2005: 2003: 1924: 1780:The British Journal of General Practice 1715: 870:(written in 1832 and published in 1892) 721:(1839–1842, unfinished, published 1889) 5510: 2739:Stendhal: The Background to the Novels 2555: 2457: 2233: 2122: 2085: 1746: 377:. In 1830, he was appointed as French 5439:Romanticism and the French Revolution 3073: 2973: 2878: 2852: 2618: 2577:Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm (1973). 2534: 2487: 2035:Di Maio, Mariella (2011). "Preface". 1996:. Cambridge: CUP Archive. p. 67. 1991: 1987: 1985: 1963: 1870: 1868: 1834: 1822: 1678: 1652: 1650: 1561: 1424: 1418: 1388: 1359: 1329: 1319: 1309: 1027: 390:Stendhal identified with the nascent 249: 136: 5593:French psychological fiction writers 2515: 2385: 2358: 2327: 2097: 2037:Aux âmes sensibles, Lettres choisies 2000: 1899: 1690: 1589: 1585: 1583: 1557: 1555: 1336: 1199: 2714:. London, Sinclair-Stevenson, 1994. 2704:. Cambridge University Press, 1988. 1904:. Nashville: Influence Publishers. 1663: 632:. He wrote a biography of Rossini, 13: 2640: 2091: 1982: 1865: 1647: 1616:"Literary Encyclopedia – Stendhal" 958: 693:(1835, unfinished, published 1894) 307:, and the monarchy later on. 14: 5629: 5548:19th-century pseudonymous writers 2745: 2150:Modernism and the Critical Spirit 1580: 1552: 1512:. Merriam-webster.com. 2012-08-31 547:Romantic period in which he lived 5492: 5491: 2777: 2741:. Oxford University Press, 1971. 2734:. London, Victor Gollancz, 1974. 2661:. New York, Noonday Press, 1959. 2458:Wilson, Edmund (July 15, 1965). 1929:. Oxon: Routledge. p. 261. 1716:Markham, J. David (April 1997). 1273: 921:Voyage dans le midi de la France 836: 484:(1817). From the publication of 194: 156: 5583:French male short story writers 3099: 2509: 2488:Dirda, Michael (June 1, 2005). 2481: 2451: 2359:Wood, Michael (March 5, 2015). 2352: 2321: 2272: 2245: 2227: 2210: 2166: 2141: 2116: 2043: 2028: 1957: 1943: 1918: 1893: 1840: 1767: 1740: 1709: 1693:Stendhal: The Red and the Black 1684: 1432: 1340:Stendhal: The Red and the Black 1337:Haig, Stirling (22 June 1989). 1240:conditions (racing heart beat, 1152:was dismissive of Stendhal, in 879:The Private Diaries of Stendhal 5553:Burials at Montmartre Cemetery 2687:. Paris, Paul Ollendorf, 1914. 2619:Talty, Stephan (2 June 2009). 2541:. Cambridge University Press. 2528: 1622: 1608: 1523: 1502: 1477: 1452: 1343:. Cambridge University Press. 1302: 925:Travels in the South of France 886: 1: 5533:19th-century French novelists 5462:Wanderer above the Sea of Fog 2816:Centro Stendhaliano di Milano 2659:Stendhal: Notes on a Novelist 2556:Martin, Brian Joseph (2011). 2535:Green, F. C. (16 June 2011). 2222:a l'allure bien stendhalienne 1847:LaPointe, Leonard L. (2012). 1774:Bamforth, Iain (2010-12-01). 1445: 471: 2468:The New York Review of Books 2433:De Beauvoir, Simone (1997). 2397:Auerbach, Erich (May 2003). 1562:Times, The New York (2011). 813: 7: 5608:Writers of the Romantic era 5543:19th-century French writers 2776:(public domain audiobooks) 2671:. Basic Books, 1979 (USA); 1877:Simone de Beauvoir on Woman 1657:Richardson, Joanna (1974). 1266: 1094:, he remarks of a scene in 969:In Stendhal's 1822 classic 862:(1835–1836, published 1890) 824:(1817–1818, published 1929) 733: 653:Théophile Frédéric Winckler 10: 5634: 5379:Coleridge's theory of life 2835:"Beyle, Marie Henri"  2761:Works by or about Stendhal 2366:The London Review of Books 2258:. Peter Lang. p. 34. 2148:Goodheart, Eugene (2018). 1381:: CS1 maint: postscript ( 1236:, who had noticed similar 1203: 962: 498:Johann Joachim Winckelmann 18: 5471: 5434:Romanticism and economics 5371: 5263: 5010: 4832: 4777: 4746: 4670: 4619: 4568: 4527: 4436: 4380: 4344: 4298: 4289: 4134: 4078: 4027: 3986: 3945: 3899: 3841: 3711: 3590: 3512: 3449:Manuel Antônio de Almeida 3431: 3422: 3308: 3176: 3107: 3049: 3014: 2957:The Charterhouse of Parma 2941:The Life of Henry Brulard 2887: 2173:Randall, Marilyn (2001). 1629:Brombert, Victor (2018). 1126:The Life of Henry Brulard 859:The Life of Henry Brulard 841:Stendhal's brief memoir, 711:The Charterhouse of Parma 662: 384:The Charterhouse of Parma 287:1790, when he was seven. 271:The Charterhouse of Parma 251:[stɛ̃dal,stɑ̃dal] 113: 105: 94: 74: 51: 35: 28: 16:French writer (1783–1842) 3214:German historical school 2283:. Routledge. p. 6. 2239:Les plagiats de Stendhal 2199:Rome, Naples et Florence 2123:Clarke, Stephen (2015). 2098:Kvas, Kornelije (2020). 2039:. Gallimard. p. 19. 1295: 893:Rome, Naples et Florence 753:La Revue des Deux Mondes 528: 5603:French male biographers 5558:Conseil d'État (France) 3861:Józef Ignacy Kraszewski 3031:The Courier of the King 2841:Encyclopædia Britannica 2811:French site on Stendhal 2684:Stendhal et le beylisme 2279:Pearson, Roger (2014). 1925:Pearson, Roger (2014). 1875:Leighton, Jean (1975). 1691:Haig, Stirling (1989). 1405:(and perhaps also with 1393:(as the German city of 1251:In homage to Stendhal, 1043:The German philosopher 793:La Duchesse de Palliano 788:The Duchess of Palliano 639:In his works, Stendhal 626:Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart 482:The History of Painting 466:Cimetière de Montmartre 427:spoke highly of him in 371:Treaty of Fontainebleau 322:'s retreat from Russia. 314:A plaque on a house in 305:the Bourbon Restoration 281: 5444:Romanticism in science 5399:Middle Ages in history 5394:List of Romantic poets 4106:Josiah Gilbert Holland 2949:The Pink and the Green 1951:The Fortnightly Review 1900:Rass, Rebecca (2020). 1227: 1147: 999: 965:Crystallization (love) 915:Racine and Shakespeare 730: 706:La Chartreuse de Parme 698:The Pink and the Green 588:Racine and Shakespeare 584:The Vicar of Wakefield 572:The Vicar of Wakefield 542: 486:Rome, Naples, Florence 420: 323: 266:La Chartreuse de Parme 5613:Writers from Grenoble 5598:French travel writers 5578:French male novelists 5573:French male essayists 5414:Romantic epistemology 5404:Opium and Romanticism 3973:Stojadinović-Srpkinja 3199:Counter-Enlightenment 3039:The Red and the Black 3006:The Red and the Black 2925:Memoirs of an Egotist 2917:The Red and the Black 2802:The Red and the Black 2673:Stendhal. A Biography 2334:. Macmillan. p.  2056:Memoirs of an Egotist 1992:Green, F. C. (1939). 1964:Green, F. C. (1939). 1792:10.3399/bjgp10X544780 1776:"Stendhal's Syndrome" 1590:Nemo, August (2020). 1535:Pronny the pronouncer 1466:on September 25, 2013 1326:Pronny the pronouncer 1222: 1186:were great writers." 1142: 1130:Memoirs of an Egotist 1096:The Red and the Black 1056:Twilight of the Idols 997: 911:Racine et Shakespéare 851:Life of Henry Brulard 847:Memoirs of an Egotist 728: 683:The Red and the Black 603:The Red and the Black 599:The Red and the Black 539:The Red and the Black 536: 522:Memoirs of an Egotist 417:Life of Henry Brulard 414: 332:Kingdom of Westphalia 313: 261:The Red and the Black 138:[maʁiɑ̃ʁibɛl] 5478:Age of Enlightenment 3120:England (literature) 2328:Wood, James (2008). 2216:Victor Del Litto in 1321:[stɛ̃daljɛ̃] 1194:Vie de Henry Brulard 1050:Beyond Good and Evil 867:Souvenirs d'égotisme 843:Souvenirs d'Égotisme 800:The Abbess of Castro 769:Vittoria Accoramboni 44:Olof Johan Södermark 5429:Romantic psychology 3224:Hudson River School 3168:Sweden (literature) 3153:Russia (literature) 2799:Audio Book (mp3) of 2785:StendhalForever.com 2737:Tillett, Margaret. 2690:Dieter, Anna-Lisa, 2495:The Washington Post 2437:. London: Vintage. 2361:"What is concrete?" 2152:. Oxon: Routledge. 1390:[ˈʃtɛndaːl] 1234:Graziella Magherini 1166:Le Rouge et le Noir 1045:Friedrich Nietzsche 874:Journal (1801–1817) 805:L'Abbesse de Castro 678:Le Rouge et le Noir 607:Le Rouge et le Noir 561:William Shakespeare 328:First French Empire 256:Le Rouge et le Noir 99:Montmartre Cemetery 5568:French biographers 3414:White Mountain art 3355:Historical fiction 3163:Spain (literature) 3023:The Secret Courier 2893:A Life of Napoleon 2821:2021-12-21 at the 2728:Richardson, Joanna 2657:Adams, Robert M., 1308:The pronunciation 1164:, he asserts that 1112:Simone de Beauvoir 1073:, asserts that to 1028:Critical appraisal 1000: 821:A Life of Napoleon 761:Italian Chroniques 731: 701:(1837, unfinished) 630:Gioacchino Rossini 543: 425:Simone de Beauvoir 421: 324: 5505: 5504: 5419:Romantic medicine 5389:List of romantics 4828: 4827: 4479:Felix Mendelssohn 4474:Fanny Mendelssohn 4285: 4284: 3999:Rosalía de Castro 3937:Soares dos Passos 3285:Transcendentalism 3249:Nazarene movement 3209:Düsseldorf School 3067: 3066: 3058:Scarlet and Black 2967: 2966: 2770:Works by Stendhal 2756:Project Gutenberg 2752:Works by Stendhal 2724:. New York, 1945. 2632:978-0-307-45975-6 2611:978-0-486-43460-5 2590:978-0-14-044267-0 2569:978-1-58465-944-0 2548:978-1-107-60072-0 2331:How Fiction Works 2159:978-1-351-30910-3 2134:978-1-4735-0636-7 2109:978-1-7936-0910-6 2050:Stendhal (1975). 1975:978-1-107-60072-0 1966:An Amharic Reader 1936:978-0-582-09616-5 1911:978-1-64542-393-5 1886:978-0-8386-1504-1 1858:978-1-59756-604-9 1640:978-0-226-53829-7 1601:978-3-96799-211-3 1573:978-0-312-64302-7 1491:on March 26, 2013 1361:[stɛ̃dal] 1331:[stɑ̃dal] 1311:[stɛ̃dal] 1206:Stendhal syndrome 1200:Stendhal syndrome 1071:The English Novel 829:A Life of Rossini 622:Domenico Cimarosa 130:Marie-Henri Beyle 127: 126: 114:Literary movement 89:Kingdom of France 69:Kingdom of France 30:Marie-Henri Beyle 5625: 5618:Rossini scholars 5563:French agnostics 5495: 5494: 5454:Evolution theory 4296: 4295: 3429: 3428: 3290:Ukrainian school 3094: 3087: 3080: 3071: 3070: 2994: 2987: 2980: 2971: 2970: 2873: 2866: 2859: 2850: 2849: 2845: 2837: 2809: 2797: 2790:Stendhal's works 2781: 2780: 2765:Internet Archive 2708:Keates, Jonathan 2654: 2636: 2615: 2594: 2573: 2552: 2522: 2521: 2513: 2507: 2506: 2504: 2502: 2490:"Dirda on Books" 2485: 2479: 2478: 2476: 2474: 2455: 2449: 2448: 2430: 2419: 2418: 2394: 2383: 2382: 2380: 2378: 2356: 2350: 2349: 2325: 2319: 2313: 2307: 2301: 2295: 2294: 2276: 2270: 2269: 2249: 2243: 2242: 2231: 2225: 2214: 2208: 2207: 2180: 2170: 2164: 2163: 2145: 2139: 2138: 2127:. 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Tacet Books. 1588: 1581: 1574: 1560: 1553: 1544: 1542: 1529: 1528: 1524: 1515: 1513: 1508: 1507: 1503: 1494: 1492: 1483: 1482: 1478: 1469: 1467: 1458: 1457: 1453: 1448: 1443: 1442: 1437: 1433: 1374: 1373: 1365: 1351: 1307: 1303: 1298: 1279: 1274: 1272: 1269: 1208: 1202: 1155:Strong Opinions 1067:Ford Madox Ford 1033:Hippolyte Taine 1030: 967: 961: 959:Crystallization 933:A Roman Journal 889: 839: 816: 748:Mina de Vanghel 736: 665: 531: 510:Prosper Mérimée 474: 439:unrequited love 369:After the 1814 351:Napoleonic wars 288: 284: 246: 224: 197: 188: 187: 159: 150: 149: 133: 83: 79: 63: 62:23 January 1783 57: 55: 47: 31: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5631: 5621: 5620: 5615: 5610: 5605: 5600: 5595: 5590: 5585: 5580: 5575: 5570: 5565: 5560: 5555: 5550: 5545: 5540: 5535: 5530: 5525: 5520: 5503: 5502: 5482: 5474: 5473: 5472: 5469: 5468: 5466: 5465: 5458: 5457: 5456: 5451: 5441: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5421: 5416: 5411: 5406: 5401: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5381: 5375: 5373: 5372:Related topics 5369: 5368: 5366: 5365: 5360: 5355: 5350: 5345: 5340: 5335: 5330: 5325: 5320: 5315: 5310: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5290: 5285: 5280: 5275: 5269: 5267: 5261: 5260: 5258: 5257: 5252: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5232: 5227: 5222: 5217: 5212: 5207: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5100:Gallen-Kallela 5097: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5075:David d'Angers 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5016: 5014: 5012:Visual artists 5008: 5007: 5005: 5004: 4999: 4994: 4989: 4984: 4979: 4974: 4972:Schleiermacher 4969: 4964: 4959: 4954: 4949: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4929: 4924: 4919: 4914: 4909: 4904: 4899: 4894: 4889: 4884: 4879: 4874: 4869: 4864: 4859: 4854: 4849: 4844: 4838: 4836: 4830: 4829: 4826: 4825: 4823: 4822: 4817: 4812: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4792: 4787: 4781: 4779: 4775: 4774: 4772: 4771: 4766: 4761: 4756: 4750: 4748: 4744: 4743: 4741: 4740: 4735: 4730: 4725: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4705: 4700: 4695: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4674: 4672: 4668: 4667: 4665: 4664: 4659: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4639: 4634: 4629: 4623: 4621: 4617: 4616: 4614: 4613: 4608: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4583: 4578: 4572: 4570: 4566: 4565: 4563: 4562: 4557: 4552: 4547: 4542: 4537: 4531: 4529: 4525: 4524: 4522: 4521: 4516: 4511: 4506: 4501: 4496: 4491: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4471: 4466: 4461: 4456: 4451: 4446: 4440: 4438: 4434: 4433: 4431: 4430: 4425: 4420: 4415: 4410: 4405: 4400: 4395: 4390: 4384: 4382: 4378: 4377: 4375: 4374: 4369: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4348: 4346: 4342: 4341: 4339: 4338: 4333: 4328: 4323: 4318: 4313: 4308: 4302: 4300: 4293: 4287: 4286: 4283: 4282: 4280: 4279: 4274: 4269: 4264: 4259: 4254: 4249: 4244: 4239: 4237:Oehlenschläger 4234: 4229: 4224: 4219: 4214: 4209: 4204: 4199: 4194: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4169: 4164: 4159: 4154: 4149: 4144: 4138: 4136: 4132: 4131: 4129: 4128: 4123: 4118: 4113: 4108: 4103: 4098: 4093: 4088: 4082: 4080: 4076: 4075: 4073: 4072: 4067: 4062: 4057: 4052: 4047: 4042: 4037: 4031: 4029: 4025: 4024: 4022: 4021: 4016: 4011: 4006: 4001: 3996: 3990: 3988: 3984: 3983: 3981: 3980: 3975: 3970: 3965: 3960: 3955: 3949: 3947: 3943: 3942: 3940: 3939: 3934: 3929: 3924: 3919: 3914: 3909: 3907:Castelo Branco 3903: 3901: 3897: 3896: 3894: 3893: 3888: 3883: 3878: 3873: 3868: 3863: 3858: 3853: 3847: 3845: 3839: 3838: 3836: 3835: 3830: 3825: 3820: 3815: 3810: 3805: 3800: 3795: 3790: 3785: 3780: 3775: 3770: 3765: 3760: 3755: 3750: 3745: 3740: 3735: 3730: 3725: 3719: 3717: 3709: 3708: 3706: 3705: 3700: 3695: 3690: 3685: 3680: 3675: 3670: 3665: 3660: 3655: 3650: 3645: 3640: 3635: 3633:Brothers Grimm 3630: 3625: 3620: 3615: 3610: 3605: 3600: 3594: 3592: 3588: 3587: 3585: 3584: 3579: 3574: 3569: 3564: 3559: 3554: 3549: 3544: 3539: 3534: 3529: 3524: 3518: 3516: 3510: 3509: 3507: 3506: 3501: 3496: 3491: 3486: 3481: 3476: 3471: 3466: 3461: 3456: 3451: 3446: 3441: 3435: 3433: 3426: 3420: 3419: 3417: 3416: 3411: 3404: 3399: 3394: 3389: 3384: 3379: 3374: 3369: 3364: 3357: 3352: 3351: 3350: 3345: 3335: 3333:Gothic fiction 3330: 3323: 3321:British Marine 3318: 3312: 3310: 3306: 3305: 3303: 3302: 3297: 3292: 3287: 3282: 3275: 3270: 3269: 3268: 3256: 3251: 3246: 3241: 3236: 3231: 3226: 3221: 3219:Gothic revival 3216: 3211: 3206: 3201: 3196: 3191: 3186: 3180: 3178: 3174: 3173: 3171: 3170: 3165: 3160: 3155: 3150: 3145: 3140: 3135: 3130: 3122: 3117: 3111: 3109: 3105: 3104: 3097: 3096: 3089: 3082: 3074: 3065: 3064: 3062: 3061: 3053: 3051: 3047: 3046: 3044: 3043: 3035: 3027: 3018: 3016: 3012: 3011: 2997: 2996: 2989: 2982: 2974: 2965: 2964: 2962: 2961: 2953: 2945: 2937: 2929: 2921: 2913: 2905: 2897: 2888: 2885: 2884: 2876: 2875: 2868: 2861: 2853: 2847: 2846: 2832:, ed. (1911). 2830:Chisholm, Hugh 2826: 2813: 2805: 2793: 2787: 2782: 2767: 2758: 2747: 2746:External links 2744: 2743: 2742: 2735: 2725: 2715: 2705: 2698:Jefferson, Ann 2695: 2688: 2676: 2662: 2655: 2642: 2639: 2638: 2637: 2631: 2616: 2610: 2595: 2589: 2574: 2568: 2553: 2547: 2530: 2527: 2524: 2523: 2508: 2480: 2450: 2443: 2435:The Second Sex 2420: 2413: 2384: 2351: 2344: 2320: 2316:Nietzsche 2004 2308: 2306:, p. 187. 2304:Nietzsche 1973 2296: 2290:978-0582096165 2289: 2271: 2264: 2244: 2226: 2209: 2191: 2165: 2158: 2140: 2133: 2115: 2108: 2090: 2088:, p. 123. 2075: 2068: 2042: 2027: 2020: 2012:The Living Eye 1999: 1981: 1974: 1956: 1942: 1935: 1917: 1910: 1892: 1885: 1864: 1857: 1839: 1837:, p. 239. 1827: 1825:, p. 158. 1815: 1766: 1739: 1708: 1701: 1683: 1671: 1646: 1639: 1621: 1607: 1600: 1579: 1572: 1551: 1522: 1501: 1476: 1450: 1449: 1447: 1444: 1441: 1440: 1431: 1349: 1300: 1299: 1297: 1294: 1293: 1292: 1285: 1284: 1268: 1265: 1204:Main article: 1201: 1198: 1117:The Second Sex 1082:Erich Auerbach 1029: 1026: 1022: 1021: 1018: 1015: 1012: 963:Main article: 960: 957: 929: 928: 918: 908: 896: 888: 885: 884: 883: 871: 863: 838: 835: 834: 833: 825: 815: 812: 811: 810: 809: 808: 796: 784: 772: 757: 745: 735: 732: 723: 722: 714: 702: 694: 686: 674: 664: 661: 634:Vie de Rossini 530: 527: 506:Giorgio Vasari 473: 470: 430:The Second Sex 363:Berezina River 347:Conseil d'État 293:near Grenoble. 283: 280: 125: 124: 115: 111: 110: 107: 103: 102: 96: 92: 91: 82:(aged 59) 76: 72: 71: 53: 49: 48: 41: 33: 32: 29: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5630: 5619: 5616: 5614: 5611: 5609: 5606: 5604: 5601: 5599: 5596: 5594: 5591: 5589: 5586: 5584: 5581: 5579: 5576: 5574: 5571: 5569: 5566: 5564: 5561: 5559: 5556: 5554: 5551: 5549: 5546: 5544: 5541: 5539: 5536: 5534: 5531: 5529: 5526: 5524: 5521: 5519: 5516: 5515: 5513: 5499: 5498: 5487: 5486: 5480: 5479: 5470: 5464: 5463: 5459: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5446: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5410: 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B. Shelley 3821: 3819: 3816: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3806: 3804: 3803:Mary Robinson 3801: 3799: 3796: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3779: 3776: 3774: 3771: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3744: 3741: 3739: 3736: 3734: 3731: 3729: 3726: 3724: 3721: 3720: 3718: 3716: 3710: 3704: 3701: 3699: 3696: 3694: 3691: 3689: 3686: 3684: 3681: 3679: 3676: 3674: 3671: 3669: 3666: 3664: 3661: 3659: 3656: 3654: 3651: 3649: 3646: 3644: 3641: 3639: 3636: 3634: 3631: 3629: 3626: 3624: 3621: 3619: 3616: 3614: 3611: 3609: 3606: 3604: 3601: 3599: 3596: 3595: 3593: 3589: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3575: 3573: 3570: 3568: 3565: 3563: 3560: 3558: 3555: 3553: 3550: 3548: 3545: 3543: 3540: 3538: 3535: 3533: 3532:Chateaubriand 3530: 3528: 3525: 3523: 3520: 3519: 3517: 3515: 3511: 3505: 3502: 3500: 3497: 3495: 3492: 3490: 3487: 3485: 3482: 3480: 3477: 3475: 3472: 3470: 3467: 3465: 3462: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3450: 3447: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3436: 3434: 3430: 3427: 3425: 3421: 3415: 3412: 3410: 3409: 3405: 3403: 3400: 3398: 3395: 3393: 3390: 3388: 3385: 3383: 3380: 3378: 3375: 3373: 3370: 3368: 3365: 3363: 3362: 3361:Mal du siècle 3358: 3356: 3353: 3349: 3346: 3344: 3341: 3340: 3339: 3336: 3334: 3331: 3329: 3328: 3324: 3322: 3319: 3317: 3314: 3313: 3311: 3307: 3301: 3298: 3296: 3293: 3291: 3288: 3286: 3283: 3281: 3280: 3276: 3274: 3271: 3267: 3266: 3262: 3261: 3260: 3257: 3255: 3252: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3237: 3235: 3232: 3230: 3227: 3225: 3222: 3220: 3217: 3215: 3212: 3210: 3207: 3205: 3202: 3200: 3197: 3195: 3192: 3190: 3187: 3185: 3182: 3181: 3179: 3175: 3169: 3166: 3164: 3161: 3159: 3156: 3154: 3151: 3149: 3146: 3144: 3141: 3139: 3136: 3134: 3131: 3129: 3126: 3123: 3121: 3118: 3116: 3113: 3112: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3095: 3090: 3088: 3083: 3081: 3076: 3075: 3072: 3060: 3059: 3055: 3054: 3052: 3048: 3041: 3040: 3036: 3033: 3032: 3028: 3025: 3024: 3020: 3019: 3017: 3013: 3008: 3007: 3002: 2995: 2990: 2988: 2983: 2981: 2976: 2975: 2972: 2959: 2958: 2954: 2951: 2950: 2946: 2943: 2942: 2938: 2935: 2934: 2933:Lucien Leuwen 2930: 2927: 2926: 2922: 2919: 2918: 2914: 2911: 2910: 2909:Vanina Vanini 2906: 2903: 2902: 2898: 2895: 2894: 2890: 2889: 2886: 2882: 2874: 2869: 2867: 2862: 2860: 2855: 2854: 2851: 2843: 2842: 2836: 2831: 2827: 2824: 2820: 2817: 2814: 2812: 2806: 2803: 2800: 2794: 2791: 2788: 2786: 2783: 2775: 2771: 2768: 2766: 2762: 2759: 2757: 2753: 2750: 2749: 2740: 2736: 2733: 2729: 2726: 2723: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2709: 2706: 2703: 2699: 2696: 2693: 2689: 2686: 2685: 2680: 2677: 2674: 2670: 2666: 2665:Alter, Robert 2663: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2651: 2645: 2644: 2634: 2628: 2624: 2623: 2617: 2613: 2607: 2603: 2602: 2596: 2592: 2586: 2582: 2581: 2575: 2571: 2565: 2561: 2560: 2554: 2550: 2544: 2540: 2539: 2533: 2532: 2519: 2512: 2497: 2496: 2491: 2484: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2454: 2446: 2444:9780099744214 2440: 2436: 2429: 2427: 2425: 2416: 2410: 2406: 2402: 2401: 2393: 2391: 2389: 2372: 2368: 2367: 2362: 2355: 2347: 2345:9780374173401 2341: 2337: 2333: 2332: 2324: 2318:, p. 46. 2317: 2312: 2305: 2300: 2292: 2286: 2282: 2275: 2267: 2265:9783039107438 2261: 2257: 2256: 2248: 2240: 2236: 2230: 2223: 2219: 2213: 2206: 2204: 2200: 2194: 2192:9780802048141 2188: 2184: 2179: 2178: 2169: 2161: 2155: 2151: 2144: 2136: 2130: 2126: 2119: 2111: 2105: 2101: 2094: 2087: 2082: 2080: 2071: 2069:9780818002243 2065: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2046: 2038: 2031: 2023: 2021:0-674-53664-9 2017: 2013: 2006: 2004: 1995: 1988: 1986: 1977: 1971: 1967: 1960: 1952: 1946: 1938: 1932: 1928: 1921: 1913: 1907: 1903: 1896: 1888: 1882: 1878: 1871: 1869: 1860: 1854: 1850: 1843: 1836: 1831: 1824: 1819: 1810: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1770: 1754: 1750: 1743: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1712: 1704: 1702:0-521-34189-2 1698: 1694: 1687: 1680: 1675: 1667: 1660: 1653: 1651: 1642: 1636: 1632: 1625: 1617: 1611: 1603: 1597: 1593: 1586: 1584: 1575: 1569: 1565: 1558: 1556: 1541:on 2016-03-08 1540: 1536: 1532: 1526: 1511: 1505: 1490: 1486: 1480: 1465: 1461: 1455: 1451: 1435: 1427: 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5180:Porto-Alegre 4834:Philosophers 4718:Rachmaninoff 4167:Chavchavadze 4157:Baratashvili 3917:João de Deus 3886:Wincenty Pol 3678:Küchelbecker 3406: 3372:Noble savage 3359: 3325: 3300:Wallenrodism 3277: 3263: 3194:Coppet group 3128:(literature) 3056: 3037: 3029: 3021: 3004: 3000: 2955: 2947: 2939: 2931: 2923: 2915: 2907: 2899: 2891: 2880: 2839: 2801: 2738: 2731: 2721: 2718:Levin, Harry 2711: 2701: 2691: 2682: 2672: 2668: 2658: 2649: 2621: 2600: 2579: 2558: 2537: 2517: 2511: 2499:. 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Schlegel 4738:Tchaikovsky 4627:Bortkiewicz 4499:R. Schumann 4494:C. Schumann 4459:Kalkbrenner 4428:Saint-Saëns 3733:Anne Brontë 3618:Eichendorff 3603:B. v. Arnim 3598:A. v. Arnim 3408:Weltschmerz 3367:Medievalism 3316:Blue flower 3244:Nationalist 3189:Bohemianism 3101:Romanticism 2808:(in French) 2796:(in French) 2529:Works cited 2464:nybooks.com 2086:Martin 2011 2052:"Chapter V" 1749:"War Diary" 1409:instead of 1401:instead of 1316:stendhalien 987:represents 979:represents 887:Non-fiction 592:Jean Racine 515:Stendhal's 458:quicksilver 396:Romanticism 122:Romanticism 5512:Categories 5045:Chassériau 5020:Aivazovsky 4728:Rubinstein 4713:Mussorgsky 4662:Wieniawski 4647:Paderewski 4489:Moszkowski 4272:Vörösmarty 4262:Shevchenko 4116:Longfellow 4040:Batyushkov 4035:Baratynsky 4004:Espronceda 3871:Mickiewicz 3866:Malczewski 3833:Wordsworth 3818:M. Shelley 3773:de Quincey 3638:Günderrode 3522:Baudelaire 3402:Wanderlust 3239:Lake Poets 2679:Blum, Léon 2516:Stendhal. 2414:069111336X 2373:(5): 19–21 1835:Green 2011 1823:Green 2011 1679:Talty 2009 1545:2013-08-30 1531:"Stendhal" 1516:2014-01-28 1495:2014-01-28 1470:2014-01-28 1446:References 1253:Trenitalia 1176:Galsworthy 1061:Dostoevsky 1037:Émile Zola 953:Metastasio 899:De L'Amour 551:Lord Byron 472:Pseudonyms 400:Metternich 392:liberalism 106:Occupation 58:1783-01-23 5485:Modernism 5145:Kiprensky 5105:Géricault 5090:Friedrich 5080:Delacroix 5055:Constable 5035:Bonington 5025:Bierstadt 4977:Senancour 4952:Schelling 4907:Lamennais 4902:Khomyakov 4867:Coleridge 4862:Chaadayev 4769:Stanković 4764:Mokranjac 4683:Balakirev 4642:Moniuszko 4591:Donizetti 4586:Cherubini 4484:Meyerbeer 4469:Marschner 4444:Beethoven 4357:Moscheles 4291:Musicians 4277:Wergeland 4242:Orbeliani 4197:Grundtvig 4101:Hawthorne 4070:Zhukovsky 4065:Vyazemsky 4050:Lermontov 4009:Gutiérrez 3968:Radičević 3932:Herculano 3856:Krasiński 3798:Radcliffe 3768:Coleridge 3743:E. Brontë 3738:C. Brontë 3668:Jean Paul 3663:Hölderlin 3552:Lamartine 3489:Magalhães 3479:Guimarães 3387:Pantheism 3377:Nostalgia 3229:Indianism 3177:Movements 3108:Countries 2879:Works by 2625:. Crown. 1800:0960-1643 1666:help page 1397:), using 1377:cite book 1246:dizziness 1005:Apennines 814:Biography 781:Les Cenci 776:The Cenci 643:excerpts 490:cavalerie 478:pen names 454:potassium 405:exequatur 345:with the 5518:Stendhal 5497:Category 5313:Dahlhaus 5298:Blanning 5265:Scholars 5235:Tropinin 5230:Tidemand 5220:Stattler 5215:Scheffer 5115:Głowacki 5085:Edelfelt 5040:Bryullov 4982:Snellman 4957:Schiller 4947:Rousseau 4927:Michelet 4872:Constant 4842:Belinsky 4815:Sibelius 4759:Konjović 4733:Scriabin 4703:Lyapunov 4637:Lipiński 4606:Spontini 4596:Paganini 4540:Goldmark 4331:Thalberg 4326:Schubert 4306:Bruckner 4267:Topelius 4257:Runeberg 4247:Prešeren 4217:Leopardi 4182:Frashëri 4172:Eminescu 4152:Andersen 4060:Tyutchev 4045:Karamzin 4019:Zorrilla 4014:Saavedra 3912:Castilho 3900:Portugal 3891:Słowacki 3793:Polidori 3723:Barbauld 3658:Hoffmann 3613:Brentano 3527:Bertrand 3348:Romantic 3184:Ancients 3158:Scotland 3001:Stendhal 2881:Stendhal 2819:Archived 2774:LibriVox 2732:Stendhal 2712:Stendhal 2562:. UPNE. 2538:Stendhal 2501:July 24, 2473:July 24, 2377:July 24, 2237:(1921). 2218:Stendhal 1994:Stendhal 1759:July 22, 1732:July 22, 1659:Stendhal 1267:See also 1212:Florence 1134:Rousseau 937:Napoleon 901:(1822) ( 734:Novellas 709:(1839) ( 657:Sismondi 641:reprised 556:Don Juan 450:syphilis 359:Smolensk 355:Napoleon 320:Napoleon 301:Napoleon 146:Stendhal 143:pen name 65:Grenoble 5338:Lovejoy 5273:Abraham 5195:Richard 5185:Préault 5110:Girodet 4992:Thoreau 4937:Novalis 4922:Mazzini 4917:Maistre 4892:Hazlitt 4877:Emerson 4857:Carlyle 4847:Berchet 4790:Berwald 4785:Bennett 4754:Hristić 4708:Medtner 4688:Borodin 4678:Arensky 4601:Rossini 4576:Bellini 4555:Joachim 4528:Hungary 4509:Strauss 4437:Germany 4403:Berlioz 4372:Voříšek 4367:Smetana 4345:Czechia 4299:Austria 4232:Maturin 4227:Manzoni 4202:Heliade 4177:Foscolo 4147:Alfieri 4142:Abovian 4096:Emerson 4055:Pushkin 3994:Bécquer 3927:Garrett 3881:Potocki 3828:Southey 3788:Maturin 3758:Carlyle 3715:Britain 3688:Novalis 3643:Gutzkow 3591:Germany 3557:Mérimée 3542:Gautier 3469:Barreto 3464:Azevedo 3444:Alencar 3424:Writers 3343:Byronic 3279:Purismo 3133:Germany 3115:Denmark 2901:Armance 2804:incipit 2763:at the 2405:454–464 1809:2991758 1395:Stendal 1356:Styndal 1289:Mononym 1180:Dreiser 1091:Mimesis 1075:Diderot 977:Bologna 972:On Love 949:Rossini 904:On Love 807:, 1832) 783:, 1837) 685:, 1830) 670:Armance 566:Henry V 517:Journal 494:Stendal 435:On Love 343:auditor 316:Vilnius 276:realism 247:French: 134:French: 118:Realism 101:, Paris 21:Stendal 5363:Wellek 5343:de Man 5328:Janion 5318:Ferber 5293:Berlin 5288:Beiser 5283:Barzun 5278:Abrams 5255:Wiertz 5240:Turner 5190:Révoil 5175:Palmer 5165:Martin 5160:Leutze 5135:Janmot 5095:Fuseli 5050:Church 4942:Quinet 4932:Müller 4887:Goethe 4882:Fichte 4805:Franck 4747:Serbia 4698:Glinka 4671:Russia 4657:Tausig 4652:Stolpe 4632:Chopin 4620:Poland 4581:Busoni 4545:Heller 4514:Wagner 4449:Brahms 4423:Onslow 4413:Halévy 4381:France 4362:Reicha 4352:Dvořák 4321:Mahler 4316:Hummel 4311:Czerny 4207:Isaacs 4187:Geijer 4121:Lowell 4111:Irving 4091:Cooper 4086:Bryant 4028:Russia 3963:Njegoš 3958:Kostić 3953:Jakšić 3946:Serbia 3876:Norwid 3851:Fredro 3843:Poland 3813:Seward 3703:Uhland 3693:Schwab 3683:Mörike 3673:Kleist 3628:Goethe 3623:Fouqué 3572:Nodier 3567:Nerval 3562:Musset 3514:France 3504:Varela 3499:Taunay 3484:Macedo 3432:Brazil 3382:Ossian 3309:Themes 3148:Poland 3143:Norway 3125:France 3042:(1954) 3034:(1947) 3026:(1928) 3009:(1830) 2960:(1839) 2952:(1837) 2944:(1836) 2936:(1835) 2928:(1832) 2920:(1830) 2912:(1829) 2904:(1827) 2896:(1818) 2629:  2608:  2587:  2566:  2545:  2441:  2411:  2342:  2287:  2262:  2189:  2156:  2131:  2106:  2066:  2018:  1972:  1933:  1908:  1883:  1855:  1806:  1798:  1699:  1637:  1598:  1570:  1347:  1261:Venice 1242:nausea 1182:, and 1138:Goethe 1086:Balzac 945:Mozart 895:(1817) 832:(1824) 744:(1829) 718:Lamiel 673:(1827) 663:Novels 379:consul 109:Writer 46:, 1840 5449:Bacon 5358:Rosen 5353:Ricks 5348:Nancy 5308:Blume 5303:Bloom 5225:Stroy 5210:Saleh 5205:Runge 5155:Lampi 5140:Jones 5130:Hayez 5065:Corot 5030:Blake 4997:Tieck 4987:Staël 4912:Larra 4897:Hegel 4852:Burke 4810:Grieg 4800:Field 4795:Elgar 4778:Other 4611:Verdi 4569:Italy 4560:Liszt 4550:Hubay 4535:Erkel 4519:Weber 4504:Spohr 4464:Loewe 4454:Bruch 4418:Méhul 4408:Fauré 4398:Auber 4393:Alkan 4252:Raffi 4222:Mácha 4212:Lenau 4162:Botev 4135:Other 3987:Spain 3922:Dinis 3808:Scott 3783:Keats 3763:Clare 3753:Byron 3748:Burns 3728:Blake 3713:Great 3698:Tieck 3653:Heine 3648:Hauff 3582:Vigny 3577:Staël 3537:Dumas 3459:Assis 3454:Alves 3439:Abreu 3392:Rhine 3295:Ultra 3138:Japan 1296:Notes 1257:Paris 1088:. 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Index

Stendal
Stendhal, by Olof Johan Södermark, 1840
Olof Johan Södermark
Grenoble
Kingdom of France
Paris
Kingdom of France
Montmartre Cemetery
Realism
Romanticism
[maʁiɑ̃ʁibɛl]
pen name
UK
/ˈstɒ̃dɑːl/
US
/stɛnˈdɑːl,stænˈ-/
[stɛ̃dal,stɑ̃dal]
The Red and the Black
The Charterhouse of Parma
realism
Claix
Ancien Regime
Napoleon
the Bourbon Restoration

Vilnius
Napoleon
First French Empire
Kingdom of Westphalia
Braunschweig

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