815:
737:), establish the 2nd Engineer Battalion, strengthen officers' education, and other measures. At the same time, the command structure was reorganized to more clearly separate the duties and responsibilities of the Ministry of Defense (political representation, military tribunal, and defense procurement) and the General Staff (command and structure of the army). A new position of the Commander of the Armed Forces was established and Raštikis took the role effective January 1, 1935. One of the goals of the new structure was to make the General Staff less politically involved hoping that it would make the command more stable: there were 20 commanders of the General Staff before Raštikis and the army lagged behind the newest developments. The reforms were opposed by
710:
572:
1466:
31:
745:
909:
1209:
1064:, Raštikis flew to Kaunas on June 27. He joined the Provisional Government but there was no ministry or army for him to command – as Minister of Defense he issued only two orders, the second being disbandment of the ministry. According to Raštikis memoirs, he, as a member of the Provisional Government, approached the Kaunas War Field Commandant General
826:, the ruling political party in Lithuania. He was not a member of the party and was generally favorable to the opposition. The Union disapproved of Raštikis' attempts at keeping the army impartial, his prohibition of officer involvement in politics, and his growing prestige and popularity among Lithuanians. In particular, the Union wanted to turn the
988:. He opined that mounting military resistance when Soviet troops were already in the country was impossible. He also opposed diplomatic protests as such empty actions would do no more than antagonize the Russians and invite repressions. In accordance with the Soviet demand of a new more pro-Soviet government (which became known as the
934:
to
Lithuania in exchange for stationing 20,000 Soviet troops in the country. Raštikis was a member of the Lithuanian delegation to Moscow, but he did not lead the Lithuanian troops who entered Vilnius for the first time since 1920 on October 28. It was the first public sign that Raštikis was losing
756:
Raštikis first undertook the issue of military education. Numerous new statutes were prepared (some 90 statutes were issued in 1935–40) and the education program was revamped to standardize and coordinate activities of the various branches of the armed forces (artillery, infantry, aviation, etc.)
563:
of
January 1923 is little understood: he did receive two state awards conferred to participants of the revolt, but his involvement is not mentioned in his extensive memoirs or known from other documents. While working, he attended an evening school and obtained a high school diploma. In 1925, he
769:
which was in effect in
Lithuania since 1918 as the military was forced to intervene in civilian law enforcement which distracted military officials from their primary duties and earned distrust of the general population. (The martial law was lifted in November 1938 due to German pressure in the
1284:
Raštikis contributed about 1,000 articles to various
Lithuanian newspapers and magazines on various topics ranging from veterinary to military strategy to official proclamations. He wrote five military textbooks. He kept detailed diaries for most of his life. Some of the pre-1941 diaries were
555:. He broke the same leg that was injured in 1919 – it continued to bother him for the rest of his life – and spent time recovering in a hospital. He returned to the same duties, but due to conflicts with the regiment's commander was reassigned to the Intelligence Department of the
741:, Minister of Finance, as they required significant additional funding to the army that already consumed about 18–19% of the Lithuanian budget. But President Smetona approved the reforms, except for the proposed military alliance with Latvia and Estonia, and they proceeded.
926:. Lithuania declared strict neutrality but, as the war was approaching its borders, it declared and executed partial mobilization on September 17. Citing financial difficulties, the mobilized men were released on October 2. At the same time, negotiations began for the
1275:
and became a pediatrician. The sisters reconnected with their parents in 1957 and exchanged a few letters. Raštikis died before seeing his daughters again. The sisters visited their ill mother in a Los
Angeles hospital in 1989. Smetonaitė died on January 14, 1990.
1080:
was handling these issues and that the German military could not help. The government was not recognized by the
Germans and was gradually deprived of any meaningful authority and self-disbanded on August 5. Raštikis was offered a position as General Counsel in the
951:. The issue was taken out of circulation and Raštikis tendered a letter of resignation. However, fearing public backlash, he was officially given a three-month vacation for "health reasons". In his duties, Raštikis was replaced not by his deputy divisional general
1231:, Kaunas. They had three daughters: Laima, Meilutė Marija, and Aldona. When Raštikis escaped to Germany in February 1941, he left his family behind. His wife was arrested on May 27 and interrogated in an attempt to find out his location. She was imprisoned in
648:, the magazine of the Lithuanian military. In early 1934, mutinous moods spread in the military and commanding officers were reshuffled in an attempt to forestall further disturbances. Raštikis became the commander of the 3rd Infantry Division stationed in
939:
who had been openly critical of Raštikis in the past. In addition to being Prime
Minister, Merkys wanted to become Minister of Defense (a position he already held in 1919 and 1927), but Raštikis protested and Musteikis retained his post.
1179:
as an instructor of
Russian and Lithuanian. Monterey was far from centers of Lithuanian culture and Raštikis became a lot less active in Lithuanian cultural life. He concentrated on writing his memoirs. He retired in 1968 and died of
1407:
979:
between
Finland and Soviet Union concluded by March 1940, Soviet Union began increasing diplomatic pressure on Lithuania. Raštikis was invited back to the military, but he agreed only to take the position of director of the
1168:, which was active in 1949–1959 and sought to strengthen anti-communist resistance in Lithuania via radio broadcast, mailing operations, emigre organizations, and political and psychological briefings for legal travelers.
1285:
destroyed by him to avoid their falling into the Soviet hands, but he recreated some of the key moments as soon as he fled to Nazi
Germany in 1941. While in United States, he published four volumes of valuable memoirs:
1104:
unit and called for a Lithuanian conference to discuss the recruiting. Raštikis was a chairman of the five-member organizational committee for the conference. Once it became clear that the conference was meant only to
627:). He did not complete the courses, but obtained a recommendation that allowed him to work at the General Staff. In exchange for the financial support during his studies, he had to complete six years of military duty.
3169:
1259:. Other family members were deported as well, including two brothers of Smetonaitė and parents and three siblings of Raštikis, a total of 15 people. The youngest daughter Aldona and her grandfather died in exile.
1270:
picked up in 1948, the grandmother was deported to Siberia for the second time and died in exile. Laima and Meilutė went into hiding, changing their names and obtaining fake papers. Meilutė graduated from
1011:
and appointed deputy chairman of the commission in charge of the liquidation of the Lithuanian military. He was discharged from active duty only on December 20. On February 13, 1941, fearing an arrest by
3219:
638:) and assigned to the 5th Infantry Regiment as a trainee of its commander Colonel Juozas Vidugiris. In September 1933, Raštikis took over the command of the regiment. At the same time he lectured at the
861:. Raštikis, as Commander or the Armed Forces, had great influence over these ministers and his relationship with President Smetona became increasingly tense. Smetona resented Raštikis' popularity.
483:
started in December 1918 and Lithuania began hastily organizing its own army by mobilizing all military officers. Raštikis reported for duty and was assigned to the Vilnius Battalion organized by
3199:
1402:
1152:
organizations. He delivered speeches and lectures, contributed articles to the Lithuanian press, and participated in various events. In April 1951, he got a teaching position at
2602:
1024:
in June. He crossed the border during the night of March 19 and was well received by the Germans. With the help of various Lithuanians, he settled in Berlin. There he joined
696:) in November 1934. In his memoirs, Raštikis later wrote that he was not satisfied with these promotions as he felt he did not have enough education and command experience.
857:, Mironas's government resigned and Raštikis was offered to become the new Prime Minister, but refused. The new government included four generals including Prime Minister
845:. He refused to take the position permanently, perhaps afraid that he would lose the position of the Commander of the Armed Forces. After eight months, he was replaced by
992:), Raštikis was slated to become the new Prime Minister, but he was not acceptable to Moscow and the selection of another candidate was supervised by Molotov's deputy
959:
who had no higher military education. After the vacation, Raštikis resigned and refused any other military positions. On April 23, 1940, Smetona promoted him to
830:
into the party organ by merging it with Young Lithuania, party's youth organization, but Raštikis opposed such plans and the Riflemen remained open to everyone.
615:. This family connection proved instrumental in his future career. From early 1930 to June 1932, Raštikis attended the officer's courses of the General Staff of
2781:
3194:
3189:
721:
was to prepare a military reform. Within a month together with other officers he prepared a proposal which emphasized the need to modernize the army – enlarge
2993:
3224:
665:
2240:
1129:
in Germany. He worked at a factory and his wife worked as a nurse. He later got a job at an office of an electrical company until the city fell into the
441:
3164:
1157:
765:. He emphasized discipline and loyalty within the army and built the trust and authority of the army within the civilian population. He opposed the
1007:. The work at the military academy ceased when men were called back to their units, but Raštikis was not allowed to resign. He was assigned to the
865:
599:. Raštikis continued his university studies and graduated with a veterinary degree in spring 1929. In June 1929, he married Elena Marija, niece of
338:. Toward the end of the war, he retreated to Germany and emigrated to the United States in 1949. He taught Russian and Lithuanian languages at the
1048:
794:
was restructured so that it fell more easily at the disposal of the Commander of the Armed Forces. Great efforts were made to reduce the time for
334:. However, it soon became clear that the Germans would not allow Lithuanian autonomy, and Raštikis obtained a job organizing army archives at the
3184:
1109:
German directives, Raštikis and the rest of the committee resigned. The Gestapo started spying on Raštikis due to suspicions that he joined the
1020:", Raštikis left his wife and three young daughters in Kaunas and departed towards Germany. It was the last time he saw his daughters who were
927:
913:
676:
300:
2933:
3214:
3179:
1348:
2870:
2748:
814:
3204:
3174:
1110:
2622:"Research Aid: Cryptonyms and Terms in Declassified CIA Files. Nazi War Crimes and Japanese Imperial Government Records Disclosure Acts"
2621:
3149:
1263:
2710:
837:, Raštikis spoke decisively for its acceptance and against armed resistance. In the ensuing government crisis, he became the acting
265:
3209:
1156:. He taught the Russian language to military aviation students. From November 1952 to September 1953, Raštikis was employed by the
947:. In it, he complained that a mayor (Merkys' position before becoming Prime Minister) or other civil servants earned more than the
608:
459:, obtained permission from the Germans for Lithuanian refugees and military personnel to return. Raštikis traveled via ship from
718:
687:
276:. He undertook an extensive military reform to standardize, streamline, and modernize the army during the period of increasing
269:
2982:
2699:
284:
in Europe. He placed particular attention on soldiers' and officers' education, organizing and personally commanding various
3144:
3034:
869:
2913:
3154:
1331:
1044:
989:
583:, Raštikis was promoted from the director of the Polish Section to the director of the entire Intelligence Department by
331:
316:
3079:
3139:
1442:
1267:
985:
850:
834:
771:
642:(including a course on military history) and contributed to military press becoming a member of the editorial board of
296:
2800:
299:, Raštikis became Minister of Defense and was increasingly drawn into the political arena. He was a negotiator of the
2961:
2839:
2812:
2789:
2610:
488:
249:
580:
257:
2721:
864:
During his tenure, Raštikis made several official visits to foreign countries. In May 1937, Raštikis attended the
1415:
893:
412:
713:
Raštikis (second from left) stands behind President Smetona during a military ceremony in Tauragė in August 1937
2692:
1941 m. Birželio sukilimas Lietuvoje: pagrindiniai sukilimo organizatoriai, vadovai, ryšininkai ir pasiuntiniai
2561:
1362:
1353:
1047:
in hopes of reestablishing independent Lithuania. Raštikis was named as the Minister of Defense. Together with
838:
827:
791:
709:
690:, was ill and resigned in September 1934. Raštikis was promoted in his place. He was also promoted to colonel (
592:
1100:
and began organizing army archives. In early 1943, Germans unsuccessfully attempted to organize a Lithuanian
1097:
335:
312:
880:, and inspected several Estonian military installations. On his way back, he stopped in Latvia and met with
3159:
1122:
948:
823:
661:
292:
273:
218:
165:
1343:
1337:
1148:
In the United States, Raštikis obtained a job as a factory worker and became an active member of various
981:
639:
548:
183:
264:, to power, which propelled his career. Raštikis completed military education in Germany and, after the
1422:
1240:
1176:
1082:
1073:
1040:
392:
339:
1213:
1193:
1029:
1000:
722:
556:
480:
253:
245:
195:
82:
1465:
1243:. Their daughters (at the time, ages 11, 4, and 1) and their maternal grandparents were deported to
507:, Raštikis was shot in the shoulder and leg in the present-day Latvia. He was taken prisoner by the
3095:
1396:
1272:
1130:
657:
416:
885:
571:
1106:
749:
726:
440:, the Imperial Army slowly disintegrated and Raštikis began looking for a way back to Lithuania.
291:
Raštikis attempted to distance himself and the army from politics and did not support the ruling
102:
943:
Around the New Year, Raštikis published his thoughts on the recent developments in the magazine
584:
1138:
912:
Lithuanian delegation to Moscow (Raštikis is second from left) during the negotiations for the
897:
604:
476:
400:
281:
1032:(LAF). In particular, he edited the statute of LAF and drafted plans on liberating Lithuania.
952:
30:
2972:
2831:
1181:
787:
670:
384:
233:
96:
2772:
2666:
1262:
The two elder daughters and their grandmother were returned to Lithuania in 1946. Agents of
798:
from 8–10 days to less than 48 hours, and to develop comprehensive defense plans code-named
544:
3134:
3129:
2641:
1248:
1172:
1036:
779:
452:
343:
327:
1093:
1086:
653:
446:
8:
2726:
1153:
1149:
1137:
helping Lithuanian refugees. In May 1946, Raštikis and other Lithuanians were moved to a
1017:
984:
on June 7. A week later he was called to the emergency government meeting discussing the
762:
1266:
made them write letters to Raštikis asking him to return to Lithuania. When the pace of
3021:
2900:
1389:
1358:
993:
960:
923:
783:
631:
437:
214:
151:
2850:
2749:"Lietuvos visuomenės reakcija į karo padėties atšaukimą šalyje 1938 m. lapkričio 1 d."
854:
560:
248:. He was severely injured and spent 20 months in Soviet captivity. He returned to the
3107:
3071:
3046:
3025:
3013:
2978:
2957:
2904:
2892:
2835:
2824:
2808:
2785:
2759:
2735:
2695:
2678:
2653:
2606:
956:
758:
734:
730:
565:
524:
430:
285:
237:
188:
145:
47:
1053:
744:
738:
3005:
2882:
1375:
1256:
1197:
1021:
1008:
908:
552:
547:. Raštikis was assigned to the same 5th Infantry Regiment, now stationed along the
881:
858:
675:
with Raštikis as the director of the General Staff Directorate. At the same time,
2712:
Struktūriniai pokyčiai Lietuvos kariuomenėje 1934-1940 (Stasio Raštikio reformos)
1224:
1220:
1069:
963:
and accepted the resignation. Raštikis used the free time to visit his family in
888:. More politically sensitive, in light of the two ultimatums, were the visits to
846:
681:
620:
600:
540:
492:
395:). In summer 1915, the regiment withstood about ten days of German attacks along
315:
in June 1940, he was briefly considered for prime minister in the new pro-Soviet
261:
241:
222:
1025:
1003:. Concurrently, the Lithuanian army was gradually transformed into units of the
484:
1458:
1133:. At that point he joined a Lithuanian Committee and Lithuanian Section of the
936:
931:
873:
868:
in London. In February 1939, during the celebration of the 20th anniversary of
842:
612:
588:
376:
308:
304:
277:
51:
2934:"Generolo Raštikio šeimą visam likusiam gyvenimui išskyrė karas ir perversmai"
3123:
3111:
3075:
3059:
3050:
3017:
2896:
2763:
2739:
2682:
2657:
1382:
1232:
877:
360:
43:
3096:"Nepalūžusi gyvenimo audrose. Elenos Raštikienės gimimo 100-osioms metinėms"
664:. In an attempt to find trustworthy and reliable officers, Smetona replaced
3009:
1244:
1208:
964:
919:
889:
795:
596:
535:
Released from captivity in April 1921, Raštikis received a warm welcome in
520:
425:
408:
364:
133:
127:
2887:
530:
464:
415:. Raštikis completed training courses with the 10th Army, was promoted to
307:
but virtually sacrificed its independence. A conflict with Prime Minister
3170:
Lithuanian military personnel in the Imperial Russian Army of World War I
1185:
1065:
766:
692:
380:
371:. Raštikis attended primary school in Dūkštas and then a progymnasium in
229:
178:
139:
67:
3060:"The Polish–Lithuanian Crisis of 1938: Events Surrounding the Ultimatum"
2694:. Vilnius: Lietuvos gyventojų genocido ir rezistencijos tyrimo centras.
649:
1252:
1161:
1142:
1126:
1060:
976:
775:
616:
512:
71:
496:
475:
in June 1918. Encouraged by his family, Raštikis entered the Catholic
468:
2245:
1134:
1101:
511:
and spent 20 months in captivity. He was transported to hospitals in
504:
368:
210:
388:
3220:
Recipients of the Military Order of the Cross of the Eagle, Class I
1125:
was closing in on Lithuania and Raštikis and his wife retreated to
1004:
999:
Lithuania lost its independence and was gradually converted into a
508:
503:
against the Polish. On August 28, during the final attacks towards
456:
404:
935:
favor with Smetona's regime. In November, Černius was replaced by
491:
of Grand Duke Kęstutis). The battalion was sent to the front near
330:
in June 1941. He was named Minister of Defense in the short-lived
311:
led to Raštikis' resignation in April 1940. When the Soviet Union
1077:
516:
472:
420:
372:
2722:"Nauja Lietuvos vyriausybė. Ministras pirmininkas – Vl. Mironas"
240:. After return to Lithuania in 1918, he joined the newly formed
1228:
1189:
1145:. In May 1949, he and his wife emigrated to the United States.
536:
500:
396:
3200:
Recipients of the Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas
3035:"Generolo Raštikio memuarai ir jo vaidmuo Lietuvos politikoje"
2830:(expanded ed.). University of California Press. p.
2241:"Birželio sukilėliai: didvyriai ir žudikai viename asmenyje?"
1236:
644:
587:. The promotion was made official by a March 1927 decree of
387:
and was assigned to the 75th Infantry Regiment stationed in
2799:
Lukoševičienė, Regina; Šaparavičienė, Nijolė, eds. (2000).
2619:
2603:
Lietuvos gyventojų genocido ir rezistencijos tyrimo centras
2370:
1013:
656:, commander of the General Staff, and other members of the
460:
320:
2798:
2780:. Lietuvos kariuomenės istorija (in Lithuanian). Vilnius:
2667:"Ar visuomet graži išorė reiškia gražų ir turiningą vidų?"
2496:
1092:
Raštikis was left without a job. With the help of General
1296:; two volumes; Los Angeles, 1956 and 1957; Vilnius, 1990)
1165:
1116:
782:) and anti-tank and anti-aircraft artillery (including 9
1171:
Upon his return to the United States, Raštikis moved to
1164:. He was also associated with the AEPOLE project of the
903:
539:– the train with the 17 former prisoners was greeted by
2627:. The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration
543:, a choir, and a banquet hosted by Minister of Defense
531:
From drill instructor to commander of the General Staff
2807:(in Lithuanian). Jonava: Linotipas. pp. 142–144.
467:, spent two weeks in quarantine in a prisoner camp in
2851:"Kai Elena Marija Smetonaitė mokytojavo Žiežmariuose"
2774:
Lietuvos kariuomenė nepriklausomybės kovose 1918–1920
2782:
General Jonas Žemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania
595:. On August 1, 1927, he was promoted to the rank of
252:
and later joined the Intelligence Department of the
1223:, on 29 June 1929. She was a teacher and worked in
1219:Raštikis married Elena Marija Smetonaitė, niece of
774:.) The army also acquired new equipment, including
499:on March 31, 1919. On April 27, he saw action near
423:. After graduation, he was promoted to the rank of
213:military officer, ultimately obtaining the rank of
2823:
2715:(Bachelor's) (in Lithuanian). Šiauliai University.
2914:"Lemtingi metai generolo Raštikio dienoraščiuose"
2871:"Karininkai Vyčio kryžiaus kavalieriai 1919-1926"
2821:
2160:
2024:
1158:Supreme Committee for the Liberation of Lithuania
662:attempted a coup d'état against President Smetona
3121:
2994:"Lietuvos kariuomenės modernizacija (1926-1939)"
2826:The Baltic States: Years of Dependence 1940–1990
1068:and the Military Command Representative General
866:coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth
699:
2597:Anušauskas, Arvydas; et al., eds. (2005).
818:Raštikis during his visit in Poland in May 1939
2822:Misiunas, Romuald J.; Taagepera, Rein (1993).
1188:, his and his wife's remains were returned to
970:
3195:Recipients of the Order of Vytautas the Great
3190:Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Vytis
1039:. At the same time, Lithuanians organized an
930:: Soviet Union promised to cede a portion of
822:Raštikis had a tenuous relationship with the
303:by which Lithuania regained a portion of the
3225:Recipients of the Order of Polonia Restituta
1349:Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas
967:which was part of the ceded Vilnius Region.
225:from September 21, 1934, to April 23, 1940.
2639:
1556:
346:. Raštikis published a four-volume memoir.
2991:
2970:
2911:
2848:
2689:
2664:
2596:
2470:
2436:
2405:
2337:
2325:
2313:
2282:
2226:
2199:
2172:
2148:
2092:
1946:
1934:
1922:
1910:
1862:
1833:
1781:
1779:
1726:
1711:
1662:
1650:
1609:
1582:
1495:
928:Soviet–Lithuanian Mutual Assistance Treaty
914:Soviet–Lithuanian Mutual Assistance Treaty
429:and spent the remainder of the war in the
301:Soviet–Lithuanian Mutual Assistance Treaty
29:
3093:
2951:
2886:
2620:Central Intelligence Agency (June 2007).
2425:
2390:
2358:
2301:
2214:
2187:
2136:
2119:
2107:
2080:
2068:
2056:
2041:
2012:
1995:
1980:
1961:
1886:
1850:
1821:
1797:
1785:
1770:
1755:
1743:
1722:
1720:
1699:
1680:
1638:
1621:
1570:
1544:
1523:
1511:
375:. At the time, Lithuania was part of the
209:(September 13, 1896 – May 3, 1985) was a
3165:Lithuanian refugees in the United States
2719:
2708:
2548:
2544:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2481:
2479:
2455:
2453:
2451:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2401:
2399:
2267:
1874:
1809:
1605:
1603:
1207:
907:
813:
757:Raštikis personally commanded mandatory
743:
708:
609:St. Michael the Archangel Church, Kaunas
570:
559:in March 1922. His participation in the
2770:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2378:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2210:
2208:
2183:
2181:
2132:
2130:
2128:
2103:
2101:
2052:
2050:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2008:
2006:
2004:
1991:
1989:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1957:
1955:
1846:
1844:
1842:
1776:
1766:
1764:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1594:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1449:. Spokane, WA. June 24, 1941. p. 2
1239:in Kazakhstan but was freed during the
1085:but refused (the position was taken by
922:started on September 1, 1939, with the
354:
3185:29th Territorial Rifle Corps personnel
3122:
3032:
2931:
2746:
2640:Dobkevičius, Kazimieras (2006-09-20).
2497:Lukoševičienė & Šaparavičienė 2000
2485:
2459:
2238:
1898:
1827:
1717:
1566:
1564:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1117:Refugee and immigrant to United States
809:
717:The first task of Raštikis as the new
419:, and was sent for further studies to
3057:
2868:
2581:
2525:
2519:
2507:
2490:
2476:
2442:
2410:
2396:
1600:
904:Start of World War II and resignation
3215:Recipients of the Order of the Sword
2375:
2343:
2288:
2205:
2178:
2125:
2113:
2098:
2074:
2047:
2030:
2001:
1986:
1967:
1952:
1880:
1839:
1815:
1761:
1732:
1686:
1667:
1627:
1615:
1550:
1472:
1325:
630:Upon his return, he was promoted to
326:Raštikis returned to Lithuania when
323:, Raštikis escaped to Nazi Germany.
3082:from the original on March 23, 2008
2912:Starinskas, Kęstutis (2006-09-16).
2720:Kalnėnas, Jonas, ed. (1938-03-31).
1561:
1529:
1500:
1332:Order of the Cross for the Homeland
1045:Provisional Government of Lithuania
704:
575:Raštikis inspects Lithuanian troops
332:Provisional Government of Lithuania
13:
3205:Recipients of the Legion of Honour
3175:Defense Language Institute faculty
3094:Zubreckas, Alfonsas (2003-08-20).
2974:Historical Dictionary of Lithuania
2956:(in Lithuanian). Vilnius: Mintis.
1320:
1279:
433:with the 279th Infantry Regiment.
14:
3236:
3150:Ministers of defence of Lithuania
2977:(2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press.
2665:Jankauskas, Juozas (2007-07-04).
2239:Jančys, Artūras (June 27, 2016).
1403:War of Independence 10 Year Medal
1368:
1192:in November 1993 and reburied in
260:brought his future wife's uncle,
2849:Račkauskas, Kazys (2013-06-21).
2371:Central Intelligence Agency 2007
1464:
1314:On the Paths of Lithuania's Fate
1184:in 1985. Originally interred in
1076:, however they replied that the
1037:Germany invaded the Soviet Union
990:People's Government of Lithuania
607:. The wedding took place at the
328:Germany invaded the Soviet Union
166:Commander of the Lithuanian Army
3210:Recipients of the Order of Vasa
3180:Burials at Petrašiūnai Cemetery
2971:Sužiedėlis, Saulius A. (2011).
2589:
2575:
2554:
2513:
2501:
2464:
2430:
2364:
2331:
2319:
2307:
2276:
2261:
2232:
2220:
2193:
2166:
2154:
2142:
2086:
2062:
2018:
1940:
1928:
1916:
1904:
1892:
1868:
1856:
1803:
1791:
1749:
1705:
1656:
1644:
1416:Order of the Cross of the Eagle
1316:; Chicago, 1982; Vilnius, 1996)
1306:; Chicago, 1972; Vilnius, 1996)
1160:(VLIK) and lived in London and
411:, the regiment was sent to the
363:, but his family soon moved to
1588:
1576:
1517:
1435:
1392:, 4th Class (Chevalier) (1928)
1385:, 3rd Class (Commander) (1934)
1294:In the Struggles for Lithuania
853:in March 1939 and loss of the
752:flag during a ceremony in 1939
297:Polish ultimatum of March 1938
16:Lithuanian general (1896–1985)
1:
2952:Surgailis, Gintautas (1992).
2932:Stonys, Marius (2011-05-26).
2642:"Pagarba Lietuvos karvedžiui"
2270:Kovos dėl Lietuvos (II tomas)
2161:Misiunas & Taagepera 1993
2025:Misiunas & Taagepera 1993
1429:
1235:and awaited deportation to a
1212:Raštikis family grave at the
949:Commander of the Armed Forces
835:Poland presented an ultimatum
700:Commander of the Armed Forces
367:where his father worked as a
274:Commander of the Armed Forces
2709:Jonaitis, Mindaugas (2012).
824:Lithuanian Nationalist Union
581:coup d'état of December 1926
349:
293:Lithuanian Nationalist Union
266:failed military coup in 1934
258:coup d'état of December 1926
7:
3145:People from Shavelsky Uyezd
2690:Jankauskas, Juozas (2010).
1418:, 1st class (February 1939)
1363:Lithuanian Riflemen's Union
1344:Order of Vytautas the Great
1338:Order of the Cross of Vytis
982:Higher War School of Kaunas
971:Soviet and Nazi occupations
828:Lithuanian Riflemen's Union
792:Lithuanian Riflemen's Union
652:. On June 7, 1934, General
519:, later to prison camps in
10:
3241:
3155:Lithuanian anti-communists
2992:Vaičenonis, Jonas (2000).
2954:Lietuvos kariuomenės vadai
2771:Lesčius, Vytautas (2004).
2601:(in Lithuanian). Vilnius:
1423:Order of Polonia Restituta
1177:Defense Language Institute
1083:Reichskommissariat Ostland
719:Chief of the General Staff
688:Chief of the General Staff
340:Defense Language Institute
270:Chief of the General Staff
3033:Vardys, Vytautas (1973).
2747:Kuodys, Modestas (2011).
2564:. Office of the President
2268:Raštikis, Stasys (1990).
1203:
1030:Lithuanian Activist Front
1001:soviet socialist republic
896:in April 1939 and to the
407:River. After training in
383:, he volunteered for the
171:
161:
120:
112:
89:
77:
57:
37:
28:
21:
2562:"Bearers of decorations"
2272:. Lituanus. p. 306.
1397:Order of the Three Stars
1273:Kaunas Medical Institute
1131:American occupation zone
640:Higher Officers' Courses
625:Führergehilfenausbildung
451:, representative of the
417:non-commissioned officer
319:. Fearing arrest by the
2752:Istorija. Mokslo darbai
1310:Lietuvos likimo keliais
772:ultimatum of March 1939
750:Lithuanian Armed Forces
727:anti-aircraft artillery
549:Lithuania–Poland border
313:presented its ultimatum
103:Lithuanian Armed Forces
3058:Vitas, Robert (1984).
3010:10.7220/2335-8769.21.8
2869:Ruzas, Vincas (2002).
1216:
1139:displaced persons camp
1096:, he got a job at the
916:
898:Second Polish Republic
894:Hitler's 50th birthday
870:Estonia's independence
819:
788:Oerlikon 20 mm cannons
753:
714:
624:
611:and was officiated by
605:President of Lithuania
576:
477:Kaunas Priest Seminary
2888:10.47459/ka.2002.17.4
2805:Jonavos krašto žmonės
1241:uprising of June 1941
1211:
1182:myocardial infarction
1098:Lithuanian War Museum
911:
841:in the government of
817:
802:(against Poland) and
780:Carden Loyd tankettes
747:
712:
574:
489:5th Infantry Regiment
481:Lithuanian–Soviet War
401:began retreating east
385:Imperial Russian Army
379:. At the outbreak of
359:Raštikis was born in
336:Lithuanian War Museum
250:5th Infantry Regiment
246:Lithuanian–Soviet War
234:Imperial Russian Army
196:Lithuanian–Soviet War
113:Years of service
97:Imperial Russian Army
3140:People from Kuršėnai
1447:The Spokesman-Review
1443:"Baltics Rebellious"
1214:Petrašiūnai Cemetery
1198:full military honors
1194:Petrašiūnai Cemetery
1173:Monterey, California
1121:In summer 1944, the
1041:anti-Soviet uprising
833:In March 1938, when
585:Povilas Plechavičius
453:Council of Lithuania
355:Active military duty
344:Monterey, California
83:Petrašiūnai Cemetery
3160:Lithuanian generals
1290:Kovose dėl Lietuvos
1268:Soviet deportations
1154:Syracuse University
1150:Lithuanian American
1022:deported to Siberia
1018:enemy of the people
953:Stasys Pundzevičius
892:on the occasion of
876:, commander of the
872:, Raštikis visited
839:Minister of Defense
810:Foray into politics
806:(against Germany).
593:Minister of Defense
317:People's Government
232:, he served in the
2599:Lietuva, 1940–1990
2071:, pp. 150–151
1800:, pp. 142–143
1788:, pp. 134–135
1758:, pp. 141–142
1597:, pp. 165–166
1526:, pp. 135–136
1390:Order of the Sword
1354:Independence Medal
1217:
1058:, an officer with
1043:and organized the
1035:On June 22, 1941,
1028:in organizing the
994:Vladimir Dekanozov
961:divisional general
924:Invasion of Poland
917:
820:
784:Vickers Model 1931
770:months before the
759:military exercises
754:
748:Raštikis with the
715:
666:Zenonas Gerulaitis
632:lieutenant colonel
577:
545:Konstantinas Žukas
438:Russian Revolution
286:military exercises
244:and fought in the
215:divisional general
152:Divisional general
41:September 13, 1896
3102:(in Lithuanian).
3041:(in Lithuanian).
3000:(in Lithuanian).
2984:978-0-8108-7536-4
2877:(in Lithuanian).
2855:Kaišiadorių aidai
2801:"Raštikis Stasys"
2754:(in Lithuanian).
2730:(in Lithuanian).
2701:978-609-8037-05-0
2673:(in Lithuanian).
2648:(in Lithuanian).
1812:, pp. 11, 13
1326:Lithuanian awards
1304:Events and People
1300:Įvykiai ir žmonės
1175:, and joined the
1094:Vladas Nagevičius
1087:Petras Kubiliūnas
1072:in an attempt to
957:Vincas Vitkauskas
735:Antanas Gustaitis
731:military aviation
654:Petras Kubiliūnas
566:Kaunas University
431:Caucasus campaign
238:Caucasus Campaign
204:
203:
189:Caucasus Campaign
146:Brigadier general
48:Kovno Governorate
3232:
3115:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3054:
3029:
2998:Darbai ir dienos
2988:
2967:
2948:
2946:
2945:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2908:
2890:
2865:
2863:
2862:
2845:
2829:
2818:
2795:
2779:
2767:
2743:
2716:
2705:
2686:
2661:
2636:
2634:
2632:
2626:
2616:
2584:
2579:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2569:
2558:
2552:
2546:
2523:
2517:
2511:
2505:
2499:
2494:
2488:
2483:
2474:
2468:
2462:
2457:
2440:
2434:
2428:
2423:
2408:
2403:
2394:
2388:
2373:
2368:
2362:
2356:
2341:
2335:
2329:
2328:, pp. 80–81
2323:
2317:
2311:
2305:
2299:
2286:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2265:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2236:
2230:
2224:
2218:
2212:
2203:
2197:
2191:
2185:
2176:
2170:
2164:
2158:
2152:
2146:
2140:
2134:
2123:
2117:
2111:
2105:
2096:
2090:
2084:
2078:
2072:
2066:
2060:
2054:
2045:
2039:
2028:
2027:, pp. 15–16
2022:
2016:
2010:
1999:
1993:
1984:
1978:
1965:
1959:
1950:
1944:
1938:
1932:
1926:
1920:
1914:
1908:
1902:
1896:
1890:
1884:
1878:
1872:
1866:
1860:
1854:
1848:
1837:
1831:
1825:
1819:
1813:
1807:
1801:
1795:
1789:
1783:
1774:
1768:
1759:
1753:
1747:
1741:
1730:
1724:
1715:
1709:
1703:
1697:
1684:
1678:
1665:
1660:
1654:
1648:
1642:
1636:
1625:
1619:
1613:
1607:
1598:
1592:
1586:
1580:
1574:
1568:
1559:
1557:Dobkevičius 2006
1554:
1548:
1542:
1527:
1521:
1515:
1509:
1498:
1493:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1462:
1456:
1454:
1439:
1411:
1376:Legion of Honour
1257:June deportation
1057:
1009:29th Rifle Corps
986:Soviet ultimatum
886:Krišjānis Berķis
851:German ultimatum
705:Military reforms
685:
674:
564:enrolled in the
553:drill instructor
450:
413:front in Romania
64:
33:
19:
18:
3240:
3239:
3235:
3234:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3229:
3120:
3119:
3118:
3085:
3083:
2985:
2964:
2943:
2941:
2940:(in Lithuanian)
2923:
2921:
2920:(in Lithuanian)
2918:Lietuvos žinios
2860:
2858:
2857:(in Lithuanian)
2842:
2815:
2792:
2777:
2702:
2630:
2628:
2624:
2613:
2592:
2587:
2580:
2576:
2567:
2565:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2547:
2526:
2518:
2514:
2506:
2502:
2495:
2491:
2484:
2477:
2471:Jankauskas 2010
2469:
2465:
2458:
2443:
2437:Jankauskas 2010
2435:
2431:
2424:
2411:
2406:Račkauskas 2013
2404:
2397:
2389:
2376:
2369:
2365:
2357:
2344:
2338:Jankauskas 2010
2336:
2332:
2326:Jankauskas 2010
2324:
2320:
2314:Jankauskas 2010
2312:
2308:
2300:
2289:
2283:Sužiedėlis 2011
2281:
2277:
2266:
2262:
2252:
2250:
2249:(in Lithuanian)
2237:
2233:
2227:Jankauskas 2010
2225:
2221:
2213:
2206:
2200:Jankauskas 2010
2198:
2194:
2186:
2179:
2173:Jankauskas 2010
2171:
2167:
2159:
2155:
2149:Anušauskas 2005
2147:
2143:
2135:
2126:
2118:
2114:
2106:
2099:
2093:Jankauskas 2010
2091:
2087:
2079:
2075:
2067:
2063:
2055:
2048:
2040:
2031:
2023:
2019:
2011:
2002:
1994:
1987:
1979:
1968:
1960:
1953:
1947:Vaičenonis 2000
1945:
1941:
1935:Vaičenonis 2000
1933:
1929:
1923:Vaičenonis 2000
1921:
1917:
1911:Vaičenonis 2000
1909:
1905:
1897:
1893:
1885:
1881:
1873:
1869:
1863:Vaičenonis 2000
1861:
1857:
1849:
1840:
1834:Vaičenonis 2000
1832:
1828:
1820:
1816:
1808:
1804:
1796:
1792:
1784:
1777:
1769:
1762:
1754:
1750:
1742:
1733:
1727:Vaičenonis 2000
1725:
1718:
1712:Jankauskas 2010
1710:
1706:
1698:
1687:
1679:
1668:
1663:Jankauskas 2007
1661:
1657:
1651:Jankauskas 2010
1649:
1645:
1637:
1628:
1620:
1616:
1610:Jankauskas 2010
1608:
1601:
1593:
1589:
1583:Jankauskas 2010
1581:
1577:
1569:
1562:
1555:
1551:
1543:
1530:
1522:
1518:
1510:
1501:
1496:Starinskas 2006
1494:
1473:
1463:
1452:
1450:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1405:
1371:
1359:Riflemen's Star
1334:(December 1919)
1328:
1323:
1321:Selected awards
1282:
1280:Published works
1221:Antanas Smetona
1206:
1119:
1070:Karl von Roques
1051:
973:
906:
855:Klaipėda Region
847:Kazys Musteikis
812:
707:
702:
679:
668:
601:Antanas Smetona
561:Klaipėda Revolt
541:guards of honor
533:
525:Lubyanka prison
444:
357:
352:
282:rising tensions
262:Antanas Smetona
242:Lithuanian Army
223:Lithuanian Army
207:Stasys Raštikis
200:
157:
108:
85:
66:
62:
42:
24:
23:Stasys Raštikis
17:
12:
11:
5:
3238:
3228:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3117:
3116:
3091:
3055:
3030:
2989:
2983:
2968:
2962:
2949:
2929:
2909:
2866:
2846:
2840:
2819:
2813:
2796:
2790:
2768:
2744:
2717:
2706:
2700:
2687:
2662:
2637:
2617:
2611:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2585:
2574:
2553:
2524:
2512:
2500:
2489:
2475:
2463:
2441:
2429:
2426:Zubreckas 2003
2409:
2395:
2391:Surgailis 1992
2374:
2363:
2359:Surgailis 1992
2342:
2330:
2318:
2306:
2302:Surgailis 1992
2287:
2275:
2260:
2231:
2219:
2215:Surgailis 1992
2204:
2192:
2188:Surgailis 1992
2177:
2165:
2153:
2141:
2137:Surgailis 1992
2124:
2120:Surgailis 1992
2112:
2108:Surgailis 1992
2097:
2085:
2081:Surgailis 1992
2073:
2069:Surgailis 1992
2061:
2057:Surgailis 1992
2046:
2042:Surgailis 1992
2029:
2017:
2013:Surgailis 1992
2000:
1996:Surgailis 1992
1985:
1981:Surgailis 1992
1966:
1962:Surgailis 1992
1951:
1939:
1927:
1915:
1903:
1891:
1887:Surgailis 1992
1879:
1867:
1855:
1851:Surgailis 1992
1838:
1826:
1822:Surgailis 1992
1814:
1802:
1798:Surgailis 1992
1790:
1786:Surgailis 1992
1775:
1771:Surgailis 1992
1760:
1756:Surgailis 1992
1748:
1744:Surgailis 1992
1731:
1716:
1704:
1700:Surgailis 1992
1685:
1681:Surgailis 1992
1666:
1655:
1643:
1639:Surgailis 1992
1626:
1622:Surgailis 1992
1614:
1599:
1587:
1575:
1571:Surgailis 1992
1560:
1549:
1545:Surgailis 1992
1528:
1524:Surgailis 1992
1516:
1512:Surgailis 1992
1499:
1471:
1459:Newspapers.com
1433:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1426:
1419:
1412:
1399:
1393:
1386:
1379:
1370:
1369:Foreign awards
1367:
1366:
1365:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1335:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1307:
1297:
1281:
1278:
1205:
1202:
1118:
1115:
972:
969:
937:Antanas Merkys
932:Vilnius Region
905:
902:
874:Johan Laidoner
843:Vladas Mironas
811:
808:
778:(including 36
739:Juozas Tūbelis
706:
703:
701:
698:
613:Vladas Mironas
589:Antanas Merkys
532:
529:
471:, and reached
442:Pranas Dailidė
377:Russian Empire
356:
353:
351:
348:
309:Antanas Merkys
305:Vilnius Region
278:militarization
236:mostly in the
202:
201:
199:
198:
193:
192:
191:
186:
175:
173:
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
156:
155:
149:
143:
137:
131:
124:
122:
118:
117:
114:
110:
109:
107:
106:
100:
93:
91:
87:
86:
81:
79:
75:
74:
65:(aged 88)
59:
55:
54:
52:Russian Empire
39:
35:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3237:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3092:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2990:
2986:
2980:
2976:
2975:
2969:
2965:
2963:5-417-00513-4
2959:
2955:
2950:
2939:
2935:
2930:
2919:
2915:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2875:Karo Archyvas
2872:
2867:
2856:
2852:
2847:
2843:
2841:0-520-08228-1
2837:
2833:
2828:
2827:
2820:
2816:
2814:9986-9328-5-8
2810:
2806:
2802:
2797:
2793:
2791:9955-423-23-4
2787:
2783:
2776:
2775:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2750:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2714:
2713:
2707:
2703:
2697:
2693:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2638:
2623:
2618:
2614:
2612:9986-757-65-7
2608:
2604:
2600:
2595:
2594:
2583:
2578:
2563:
2557:
2551:, p. 308
2550:
2549:Kalnėnas 1938
2545:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2522:, p. 138
2521:
2516:
2510:, p. 109
2509:
2504:
2498:
2493:
2487:
2482:
2480:
2472:
2467:
2461:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2446:
2438:
2433:
2427:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2407:
2402:
2400:
2393:, p. 161
2392:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2372:
2367:
2361:, p. 160
2360:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2339:
2334:
2327:
2322:
2315:
2310:
2304:, p. 159
2303:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2284:
2279:
2271:
2264:
2248:
2247:
2242:
2235:
2228:
2223:
2217:, p. 158
2216:
2211:
2209:
2201:
2196:
2190:, p. 157
2189:
2184:
2182:
2174:
2169:
2162:
2157:
2150:
2145:
2139:, p. 156
2138:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2122:, p. 155
2121:
2116:
2110:, p. 153
2109:
2104:
2102:
2094:
2089:
2083:, p. 152
2082:
2077:
2070:
2065:
2059:, p. 150
2058:
2053:
2051:
2044:, p. 151
2043:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2026:
2021:
2015:, p. 149
2014:
2009:
2007:
2005:
1998:, p. 146
1997:
1992:
1990:
1983:, p. 148
1982:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1964:, p. 147
1963:
1958:
1956:
1949:, p. 162
1948:
1943:
1937:, p. 161
1936:
1931:
1925:, p. 164
1924:
1919:
1913:, p. 167
1912:
1907:
1900:
1895:
1889:, p. 145
1888:
1883:
1876:
1875:Jonaitis 2012
1871:
1865:, p. 163
1864:
1859:
1853:, p. 144
1852:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1836:, p. 157
1835:
1830:
1824:, p. 143
1823:
1818:
1811:
1810:Jonaitis 2012
1806:
1799:
1794:
1787:
1782:
1780:
1773:, p. 134
1772:
1767:
1765:
1757:
1752:
1746:, p. 142
1745:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1729:, p. 154
1728:
1723:
1721:
1713:
1708:
1702:, p. 141
1701:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1683:, p. 140
1682:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1664:
1659:
1652:
1647:
1641:, p. 139
1640:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1624:, p. 138
1623:
1618:
1611:
1606:
1604:
1596:
1591:
1584:
1579:
1573:, p. 137
1572:
1567:
1565:
1558:
1553:
1547:, p. 136
1546:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1525:
1520:
1514:, p. 135
1513:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1497:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1467:
1460:
1448:
1444:
1438:
1434:
1424:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1404:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1391:
1387:
1384:
1383:Order of Vasa
1380:
1377:
1373:
1372:
1364:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:(August 1921)
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1315:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1286:
1277:
1274:
1269:
1265:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1233:Kaunas Prison
1230:
1226:
1222:
1215:
1210:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1178:
1174:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1123:Eastern Front
1114:
1112:
1108:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1079:
1075:
1074:help the Jews
1071:
1067:
1063:
1062:
1055:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1010:
1006:
1002:
997:
995:
991:
987:
983:
978:
968:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
941:
938:
933:
929:
925:
921:
915:
910:
901:
900:in May 1939.
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
882:Jānis Balodis
879:
878:Estonian Army
875:
871:
867:
862:
860:
859:Jonas Černius
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
831:
829:
825:
816:
807:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
768:
764:
760:
751:
746:
742:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
723:armored units
720:
711:
697:
695:
694:
689:
683:
678:
672:
667:
663:
660:organization
659:
655:
651:
647:
646:
641:
637:
633:
628:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
573:
569:
567:
562:
558:
557:General Staff
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
528:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
448:
443:
439:
434:
432:
428:
427:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
391:(part of the
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
324:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
289:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
254:General Staff
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
226:
224:
220:
219:the commander
216:
212:
208:
197:
194:
190:
187:
185:
184:Eastern Front
182:
181:
180:
177:
176:
174:
170:
167:
164:
160:
153:
150:
147:
144:
141:
138:
135:
134:Papulkininkis
132:
130:(August 1927)
129:
126:
125:
123:
119:
115:
111:
104:
101:
98:
95:
94:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
73:
69:
60:
56:
53:
49:
45:
40:
36:
32:
27:
20:
3103:
3099:
3084:. Retrieved
3067:
3063:
3042:
3038:
3001:
2997:
2973:
2953:
2942:. Retrieved
2937:
2922:. Retrieved
2917:
2878:
2874:
2859:. Retrieved
2854:
2825:
2804:
2773:
2755:
2751:
2731:
2725:
2711:
2691:
2674:
2670:
2649:
2645:
2629:. Retrieved
2598:
2590:Bibliography
2577:
2566:. Retrieved
2556:
2515:
2503:
2492:
2473:, p. 78
2466:
2439:, p. 77
2432:
2366:
2340:, p. 81
2333:
2321:
2316:, p. 80
2309:
2285:, p. 23
2278:
2269:
2263:
2251:. Retrieved
2244:
2234:
2229:, p. 79
2222:
2202:, p. 75
2195:
2175:, p. 74
2168:
2163:, p. 19
2156:
2151:, p. 60
2144:
2115:
2095:, p. 73
2088:
2076:
2064:
2020:
1942:
1930:
1918:
1906:
1901:, p. 45
1894:
1882:
1877:, p. 16
1870:
1858:
1829:
1817:
1805:
1793:
1751:
1714:, p. 69
1707:
1658:
1653:, p. 68
1646:
1617:
1612:, p. 67
1595:Lesčius 2004
1590:
1585:, p. 66
1578:
1552:
1519:
1457:– via
1451:. Retrieved
1446:
1437:
1425:, 1st degree
1378:, 2nd degree
1313:
1309:
1303:
1299:
1293:
1289:
1283:
1261:
1245:Kamen-na-Obi
1218:
1170:
1147:
1120:
1107:rubber-stamp
1091:
1059:
1034:
1026:Kazys Škirpa
998:
974:
944:
942:
920:World War II
918:
890:Nazi Germany
863:
849:. After the
832:
821:
803:
799:
796:mobilization
755:
716:
691:
677:Jonas Jackus
643:
635:
629:
578:
534:
485:Kazys Škirpa
435:
426:praporshchik
424:
358:
325:
295:. After the
290:
227:
206:
205:
172:Battles/wars
154:(April 1940)
63:(1985-05-03)
3135:1985 deaths
3130:1896 births
3045:: 145–153.
3004:: 131–176.
2881:: 100–143.
2486:Vardys 1973
2460:Stonys 2011
2253:23 December
1899:Kuodys 2011
1406: [
1255:during the
1186:Los Angeles
1066:Oswald Pohl
1052: [
1049:Heinz Gräfe
776:light tanks
767:martial law
763:simulations
725:, increase
693:pulkininkas
680: [
669: [
636:pulkininkas
579:During the
527:in Moscow.
487:(later the
445: [
381:World War I
230:World War I
179:World War I
148:(Nov. 1937)
142:(Nov. 1934)
140:Pulkininkas
136:(Nov. 1932)
68:Los Angeles
61:May 3, 1985
3124:Categories
3100:XXI amžius
3086:2008-03-02
2944:2016-11-11
2924:2016-11-11
2861:2016-11-11
2671:XXI amžius
2646:XXI amžius
2582:Vitas 1984
2568:2016-11-12
2520:Ruzas 2002
2508:Ruzas 2002
1453:October 5,
1430:References
1253:Altai Krai
1225:Žiežmariai
1162:Reutlingen
1143:Scheinfeld
1127:Regensburg
1111:resistance
1061:Ausland-SD
977:Winter War
729:, improve
686:, the new
617:Reichswehr
513:Daugavpils
493:Žiežmariai
436:After the
211:Lithuanian
90:Allegiance
72:California
3112:2029-1299
3076:0024-5089
3051:0002-208X
3026:253003965
3018:1392-0588
2905:240238824
2897:1392-6489
2764:1392-0456
2758:: 37–45.
2740:1392-4753
2683:2029-1299
2658:2029-1299
2246:lrytas.lt
1414:Estonian
1135:Red Cross
1102:Waffen-SS
955:, but by
658:Iron Wolf
505:Turmantas
465:Constanța
399:but then
393:10th Army
369:sacristan
350:Biography
268:, became
217:. He was
116:1914–1940
105:(1919–40)
99:(1914–18)
3106:(1167).
3080:Archived
3064:Lituanus
2938:Santarvė
2727:Trimitas
2677:(1548).
2652:(1470).
1401:Latvian
1395:Latvian
1388:Swedish
1381:Swedish
1249:Pavlovsk
1005:Red Army
786:and 151
733:(led by
650:Šiauliai
509:Red Army
457:Caucasus
405:Berezina
403:towards
361:Kuršėnai
162:Commands
44:Kuršėnai
2734:(902).
2631:15 July
1421:Polish
1374:French
1361:of the
1078:Gestapo
1016:as an "
975:As the
965:Dūkštas
790:). The
551:, as a
517:Rybinsk
497:Žasliai
473:Vilnius
469:Pitești
421:Tbilisi
373:Zarasai
365:Dūkštas
228:During
221:of the
3110:
3074:
3049:
3024:
3016:
2981:
2960:
2903:
2895:
2838:
2811:
2788:
2762:
2738:
2698:
2681:
2656:
2609:
1229:Jonava
1204:Family
1190:Kaunas
945:Kardas
621:German
537:Kaunas
501:Vievis
479:. The
397:Merkys
389:Varėna
256:. The
78:Buried
3070:(2).
3039:Aidai
3022:S2CID
2901:S2CID
2778:(PDF)
2625:(PDF)
1410:]
1237:gulag
1196:with
1056:]
684:]
673:]
645:Karys
597:major
449:]
128:Major
3108:ISSN
3072:ISSN
3047:ISSN
3014:ISSN
2979:ISBN
2958:ISBN
2893:ISSN
2836:ISBN
2809:ISBN
2786:ISBN
2760:ISSN
2736:ISSN
2696:ISBN
2679:ISSN
2654:ISSN
2633:2017
2607:ISBN
2255:2017
1455:2023
1247:and
1014:NKVD
884:and
761:and
523:and
521:Tula
515:and
495:and
461:Poti
409:Tula
321:NKVD
280:and
272:and
121:Rank
58:Died
38:Born
3006:doi
2883:doi
1264:MGB
1251:in
1166:CIA
1141:in
1089:).
463:to
455:in
342:in
3126::
3104:63
3098:.
3078:.
3068:20
3066:.
3062:.
3037:.
3020:.
3012:.
3002:21
2996:.
2936:.
2916:.
2899:.
2891:.
2879:17
2873:.
2853:.
2834:.
2832:19
2803:.
2784:.
2756:83
2732:13
2724:.
2675:51
2669:.
2650:70
2644:.
2605:.
2527:^
2478:^
2444:^
2412:^
2398:^
2377:^
2345:^
2290:^
2243:.
2207:^
2180:^
2127:^
2100:^
2049:^
2032:^
2003:^
1988:^
1969:^
1954:^
1841:^
1778:^
1763:^
1734:^
1719:^
1688:^
1669:^
1629:^
1602:^
1563:^
1531:^
1502:^
1474:^
1445:.
1408:lv
1227:,
1200:.
1113:.
1054:de
996:.
682:lt
671:lt
623::
603:,
591:,
568:.
447:lt
288:.
70:,
50:,
46:,
3114:.
3089:.
3053:.
3043:4
3028:.
3008::
2987:.
2966:.
2947:.
2927:.
2907:.
2885::
2864:.
2844:.
2817:.
2794:.
2766:.
2742:.
2704:.
2685:.
2660:.
2635:.
2615:.
2571:.
2257:.
1461:.
1312:(
1302:(
1292:(
804:V
800:L
634:(
619:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)