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load of the building of 67,500 + 57,250 + 186,000 = 310,750 kg of carbon. This is equivalent to over 310 tonnes of carbon. The estimated carbon dioxide produced in the generation of the energy for the building, including the transportation of the timber panels from
Austria, is 10,000 kg/c/yr. This has been entirely offset by the buildingās carbon saving for some 21 years.
537:
In a fire, a solid wall of timber benefits from the protection of a charred layer and therefore does not combust in the same way as a single stud. In
Stadthaus, five-layer cross-laminated timber panels are used to obtain a fire protection that allows the structure to retain its integrity for at least
385:
required that a separate ground floor entrance be provided for the affordable units. This resulted in a mirrored floor plan from east to west, with an identical entrance to each aspect. Both tenures are served by an individual staircase and lift. The five upper stories are designated for private sale
542:
finish ā two layers of plasterboard provide 60 minutes with the final 30 minutes achieved by the calculation of charring rate of the KLH solid timber panels. Calculations by the project engineers however show that in fact the KLH panels comfortably achieve a 60-minute fire resistance period with the
472:
Traditional trades and methods followed on once the structure of each floor was complete. The enthusiasm of the work force for the construction and the ease of the build was a benefit beyond anticipation. The building was completed in 49 weeks, estimated to be a saving of five months over a notional
508:
901 cubic metres of timber have been used within the building. Timber absorbs carbon throughout its natural life and continues to store that carbon when cut. The fabric of
Stadthaus stores over 186,000 kg of carbon. Thus, the chosen construction method has resulted in a reduction in the carbon
461:
so that any single elements can be removed. Designing a building constructed from load bearing panels creates a number of opportunities. Any internal wall can become a party wall and have a significant portion removed from the surface area as openings. This simple flexibility allowed for different
440:
powering both the factory and local village. Each panel is prefabricated including cut-outs for windows and doors and routed service channels. As the panels arrived on site they were immediately craned into position and fixed in place. Four carpenters assembled the eight-story structure in
90:
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buildings. They provide a solid structural core on which different, independent and separating layers can be added. The layer principal overcomes any acoustic or sound transfer issues. In
Stadthaus an economic layering strategy of stud walls, floating floor build-ups and
497:
expert estimates that if this building were to be a concrete structure, it would contain approximately 950 cubic metres of concrete. This would require 285 tonnes of cement and would, therefore, produce approximately 67,500 kg of carbon.
525:. Timber buildings are classified as poor in terms of their acoustic performance due to the light structure as compared to reinforced concrete and masonry. However, cross-laminated solid timber panels have a significantly higher density than
448:
A āplatform constructionā configuration is used throughout this structure. Each floor is set on the walls below, and then another story of walls is raised and so on up the building. Joints are secured with screws and
609:
469:; lighter weights produce cheaper faster buildings. The impression of solidity once inside this building is evident, the interior spaces and the acoustic they give off affirm a sense of place and home.
445:
in such a densely populated environment is especially relevant, as was the lack of noise and waste, creating far less intrusion on the local community than a traditional concrete frame construction.
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into the atmosphere. The panels can also be easily demounted and used as an energy source at the end of the buildingās life. So the case for timber was made to the client and
981:.Yates, Megan et al., "Design of an 8 storey Residential Tower from KLH Cross Laminated Solid Timber Panels", written for World Conference for Timber Engineering, Japan 2008
453:. Stresses are generally very low throughout the structure and at points where cross-grain pressures are high, screws have been added to reinforce the timber locally.
370:
The form of the design was predetermined by a number of factors. Previous architects had received two planning refusals on the site and as a result the acceptable
680:
550:
methods in timber construction pioneered by Waugh
Thistleton and Techniker are now accepted internationally. By gaining the necessary certificates from both
538:
90 minutes. This is significantly longer than steel, which fails and buckles at high temperatures. The 90 minutes at
Stadthaus have been achieved with the
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of the site area set the buildingās plan form and the height at nine stories was set as a maximum, before overshadowing would become an issue.
393:
Telford Homes specifically required that the interiors were consistent with a standard developer specification, which means that inside the
1114:
987:
Office of the Deputy Prime
Minister, āA-3 Disproportionate Collapseā, The Building Regulations 2000, Approved Document A, pp. 39ā43.
915:
374:
for the buildingās approval were clearly defined. The site area is 17m x 17m and bound on all sides by other residential buildings. An
501:
Additionally, the production of steel produces 477 kg of carbon per tonne. It is estimated that the building would, if built in
990:
Milner M., Chiltern Clarke Bond, āDesign
Guidance for Disproportionate Collapseā, UK Timber Frame Association, Number 3, March 2005.
1163:
984:
European technical approval, āKLH solid wood slabsā, ETA-06/0138, issued by OIB ā Ćsterreichisches
Institut fĆ¼r Bautechnik, Wien.
346:
Timber stores 0.8t of carbon dioxide within 1 cubic metre and is a replenishable material. In comparison, the production of both
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of the building in three ways. Firstly, the production of cement produces 237 kg of carbon per tonne. The project's
462:
plan types up and down the building and an animated faƧade where windows were placed according to the best advantage.
292:
residential building made of wood in the world at the time of its construction, after the Forte apartment complex in
424:
The building was assembled using a structural cross-laminated timber panel system. The timber panels are produced in
67:
45:
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planning department both in terms of the environmental consideration and potential economies to cost and programme.
38:
562:, the design team considers that timber panels are the building material of an environmentally conscious future.
555:
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505:, require about 120 tonnes of steel, the production of which would have generated 57,250 kg of carbon.
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Regulations in Europe have meant there are no precedents for
Stadthaus. However, architectural and
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288:, completed in 2009. With nine stories (30 meters/98 feet), it was considered the second tallest
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is made up of family apartments which overlook the play area to the rear of the building.
8:
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993:
Krapfenbauer T. J., āBautabellenā, Verlag Jugend & Volk GmbH, Wien, edition 2006/07.
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According to the architects, the colour scheme of the exterior faƧade was inspired by
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panel thicknesses used for this project so the design team has been slightly modest.
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panels. It is the first building in the world of this height to construct not only
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feel completely conventional, belying the revolutionary nature of their structure.
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concrete frame construction and occupied ahead of programme in January 2009.
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674:, tallest residential high-rise made of wood since 2022, under construction
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Typically a new technology in construction provides a reduced volume of
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Concerns associated with timber buildings are predominantly related to
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are one-way energy intensive processes that release large amounts of
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and floor slabs but also stair and lift cores entirely from timber.
916:"Nine Storey Apartment Built of Wood in Nine Weeks by Four Workers"
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347:
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and the three lower stories for social housing. The majority of
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Planning, building and the environment: Building Regulations
707:- 44m private residence in northern Russia demolished in 2009
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Mission (British Columbia), Canada 75 flats, in construction
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Buildings and structures in the London Borough of Hackney
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Wooden house Z8, residential and commercial building in
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Wooden buildings and structures in the United Kingdom
1041:
950:? questionable, see above link to the Berlin building
574:, Structural category / Judges Special Award and the
752:"Can wooden skyscrapers transform concrete jungles?"
1102:Timber: complex, sustainable and good in bushfires
1145:
1044:"Case study: Stadthaus, 24 Murray Grove, London"
1084:A Process Revealed / Auf dem Holzweg: Stadthaus
779:"6 Building Construction Types | Forte Living"
1081:
489:Using a bulk timber panel system affects the
1082:Thompson, Henrietta; Waugh, Andrew (2009).
1066:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
300:. It was designed in collaboration between
512:
862:"Murray Grove, The original timber tower"
319:building to be built from pre-fabricated
68:Learn how and when to remove this message
975:
480:
415:
31:This article includes a list of general
1004:Murray Grove, the original Timbre Tower
558:, both of which treated Stadthaus as a
432:planks glued together with a non-toxic
1146:
830:"The world's tallest wooden buildings"
411:
338:high-rise apartment-building in 2022.
1086:. London: Murray & Sorrell FUEL.
800:"Der erste Siebengeschosser aus Holz"
578:President's Award for Research 2009.
341:
204:2,890 m (31,100 sq ft)
910:
908:
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441:twenty-seven days. The speed of the
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457:is avoided by providing sufficient
436:. The waste timber is converted to
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887:"Timber tower by Waugh Thistleton"
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406:Les gris entre ciel et mer du nord
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37:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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1164:Residential buildings in London
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556:Building Research Establishment
330:The record was later broken by
94:Stadthaus, Murray Grove in 2014
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879:
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630:Holzhaus (wooden house) E3 in
570:The Stadthaus was awarded the
1:
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693:, under construction in 2018
7:
1042:TRADA Technology Ltd 2009.
834:www.designbuild-network.com
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360:London Borough of Hackney's
225:Waugh Thistleton Architects
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420:Cross-Section of Stadthaus
383:Metropolitan Housing Trust
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312:panel manufacturer KLH.
167:30.3 m (99 ft)
961:"Winner: The Stadthaus"
513:Building high in timber
315:Stadthaus is the first
217:Design and construction
52:more precise citations.
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421:
321:cross-laminated timber
175:26 m (85 ft)
159:29 m (95 ft)
976:Additional References
484:
419:
455:Progressive collapse
317:high-density housing
306:structural engineers
282:residential building
135:Construction started
1126: /
866:waughthistleton.com
503:reinforced concrete
412:Construction method
238:Structural engineer
104:General information
1130:51.5308Ā°N 0.0894Ā°W
691:Brumunddal, Norway
532:suspended ceilings
487:
485:Internal Structure
422:
342:Ecological aspects
325:load-bearing walls
304:Waugh Thistleton,
1100:Lynne Blundell: ā
1093:978-0-9558620-6-9
1024:Skyscraper Center
730:Skyscraper Center
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467:building material
280:is a nine-storey
275:
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254:Other information
180:Technical details
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810:on 10 March 2012
806:. Archived from
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582:Sample buildings
491:carbon footprint
334:in 2019 and the
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48:this article by
39:inline citations
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758:. 15 March 2012
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572:Wood Award 2008
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523:fire protection
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402:Gerhard Richter
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366:Design approach
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308:Techniker, and
286:Hackney, London
246:Main contractor
209:Lifts/elevators
130:24 Murray Grove
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44:Please help to
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1108:, January 2010
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893:. 17 June 2007
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808:the original
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560:pilot scheme
545:
540:plasterboard
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527:timber frame
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451:angle plates
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443:construction
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404:ās painting
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222:Architect(s)
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1133: /
1052:8 September
1020:"Stadthaus"
804:e3berlin.de
647:Bad Aibling
548:engineering
193:Floor count
50:introducing
1148:Categories
1118:51Ā°31ā²51ā³N
920:Treehugger
726:"Stadhaus"
712:References
687:MjĆøstĆ„rnet
664:Ascent MKE
459:redundancy
395:apartments
372:parameters
336:Ascent MKE
332:MjĆøstĆ„rnet
302:architects
267:References
201:Floor area
33:references
1121:0Ā°05ā²22ā³W
1014:Techniker
672:Wisconsin
668:Milwaukee
650:7 floors
519:acoustics
376:extrusion
298:Australia
294:Melbourne
278:Stadthaus
230:Developer
172:Top floor
143:Completed
112:Completed
83:Stadthaus
1062:cite web
699:See also
434:adhesive
348:concrete
185:Material
117:Location
58:May 2010
732:. CTBUH
601:Germany
597:Leipzig
426:Austria
259:Parking
127:Address
46:improve
1090:
1033:1 June
925:12 May
897:12 May
891:Dezeen
871:11 May
839:12 May
814:12 May
784:12 May
762:12 May
736:1 June
632:Berlin
603:(2021)
566:Awards
430:Spruce
310:timber
290:timber
188:Timber
151:Height
121:London
109:Status
35:, but
1047:(PDF)
1028:CTBUH
352:steel
1088:ISBN
1068:link
1054:2024
1035:2017
927:2021
899:2021
873:2021
841:2021
816:2021
786:2021
764:2021
738:2017
576:RIBA
554:and
552:NHBC
521:and
438:fuel
381:The
350:and
146:2009
138:2007
1104:ā,
756:CNN
284:in
164:Tip
1150::
1064:}}
1060:{{
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