200:. But this situation changed in 1919 with the arrival of British Governor William Manning, who actively encouraged the idea of "communal representation". He created the reformed legislative council in 1921 and its first election returned thirteen Sinhalese and three Tamils, a significant loss in representation for the Tamils when compared to the previous council based on direct appointment by the governor. Because of this, the Tamils began to develop a communal consciousness and to think of themselves as a minority community. They focused on communal representation in the council rather than national representation, and decided that their delegates should be leaders from their own community. This new sense of community identity changed the direction of Tamil nationalism. Starting in the mid-1920s, their developing national awareness transformed into a more active national consciousness, with a heightened determination to protect the interests of the Ceylon Tamil community. Influenced heavily by political history and, perhaps more importantly,
335:
adopted for jobs as public servants, which were held by less than ten percent of the Tamil-speaking population. The
Federal Party opposed these policies, and as a result Chelvanayakam resigned his parliamentary seat in October 1972. Shortly after, in 1973, the Federal Party decided to demand a separate, autonomous Tamil state. Until 1973, Chelvanayakam and the Federal Party had always campaigned for a unified country and thought that any partitioning would be "suicidal". The new policies, however, were considered to be discriminatory by the Tamil leadership, and this modified the official position on Tamil Nationalism. To further the new political agenda, in 1975 the Federal Party merged with the other Tamil political parties to become the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF). In 1976, after the first national convention of TULF, the Ceylon Tamils moved toward a revised nationalism and were now unwilling to live within a confined, single-island entity.
294:"). Although he did not vote for the other bills in the Ceylon Citizenship Act, because of his silence in parliament the Tamil public believed that he was not committed to Indian Tamil rights. The ACTC remained the major Tamil political party until 1956, when the Federal Party took over that position. The Tamil Congress still held parliamentary positions, however, and continued to be a force in Tamil politics. In 1976, the ACTC merged with other Tamil political factions to form a new party called the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF). According to A.J. Wilson, it was the legacy of Ponnampalam that the consciousness of the Tamil people was raised, and they were inspired to see themselves as a separate Tamil national identity rather as merged in an all-island polity.
232:, which had replaced the Donooughmore Commission, that roughly equal numbers of congressional seats be assigned to Tamils and to Sinhalese in the new independent Ceylon being planned, but his proposal was rejected. From the introduction of the advisory council, through the Donoughmore Commission in 1931, to the Soulbury Commission in 1947, the primary dispute between the elite of the Sinhalese and Tamils was over the question of representation, not the structure of the government. This issue of power-sharing was used by the nationalists of both communities to create an escalating inter-ethnic rivalry which has been gaining momentum ever since.
355:. This agreement, known as the District Development Councilsâ Scheme, was passed in 1980, but TULF rejected it because J.R. Jayewardene had not agreed to let TULF have the five District Ministerships in the five Tamil districts where TULF received the most votes. The Sixth Amendment was passed in 1983, requiring Tamils in parliament and other public offices to take an oath of allegiance to the unified state of Sri Lanka. It forbade the advocating of a separate state, and consequently TULF members were expelled from parliament for refusing to take the oath.
263:
271:
the remaining fifty percent going to the
Sinhalese. Which means 50% of the opportunities [education (university seats), employment, etc.) should be allocated to minorities. According to the ACTC this was a necessary defensive measure to prevent unwarranted dominance by the Sinhalese. In 1947, Ponnambalam warned the Soulbury Commission about this potential problem, and presented the ACTC's solution, which he called a "balanced representation". This fifty-fifty policy was opposed by a Muslim minority and sections of the Tamil community.
351:, where it was developed. In the 1977 election, TULF became the first Tamil Nationalist party to run on a separatist platform. It gained a majority of the votes in the north and east, won 18 seats, and became the largest opposition party in parliament. The Vaddukoddai Resolution had a profound effect on Tamil politicsâthe parliamentary system was soon to be replaced by guns. TULF tried to refashion itself as the political division, negotiating an agreement with the executive president of Sri Lanka at that time,
138:
374:
5183:
393:(LTTE), states that the causes of the militarization of the Tamil youth were unemployment, lack of opportunities for higher education, and the imposition of an alien language. He further alleges that the majority Sinhalese government was responsible for these problems, adding that the only alternative left for Tamil youths was a "revolutionary armed struggle for the independence of their nation". Only five of the militant groupsâ
275:, the leader of the Sinhalese political groups, allowed Ponnambalam full control over presentations before the Soulbury Commission, prevented Sinhalese nationalists such as Solomon Bandaranaike from taking the stage, and avoided the eruption of acrimonious arguments. But the Soulbury commission rejected the charges of discrimination against the Tamils, and also rejected the fifty-fifty formula as subverting democracy.
416:
Of these five dominant groups, the LTTE was the most solidly nationalistic Tamil resistance organization. Furthermore, because of its policies, constructive Tamil
Nationalist platform, and desire for national self-determination, the LTTE was supported by major sections of the Tamil community. It had
270:
The All Ceylon Tamil
Congress (ACTC), founded by G. G. Ponnambalam in 1944, was popular among Tamils because it promoted the preservation of Tamil identity. The ACTC advocated a "fifty-fifty" policy, in which fifty percent of the seats in parliament would be reserved for Tamils and other minorities,
179:
The success of this effort led the Tamils to think confidently of themselves as a community and prepared the way for their awareness of a common cultural, religious and linguistic kinship in the mid-nineteenth century. For these contributions to the Tamil people, Arumugam
Navalar has been described
166:
churches led to a revival among Tamils of the Hindu faith. Arumuga
Navalar led a Hindu religious revivalist and reformist movement as a defensive response to the threat to their native culture posed by the British colonial and missionary activities. He translated literary works to encourage the use
334:
The new government adopted two new policies that discriminated against the Tamil people. First, the government introduced a double standard for admission grades to universities, requiring the Tamil students to achieve higher grades than the
Sinhalese students. Secondly, the same kind of policy was
82:
and minority Tamil communities as the ACTC, citing the possibility of the majority
Sinhalese adopting a dominant posture, pushed for "fifty-fifty" representation in parliament. This policy would allot half the seats in parliament to the Sinhalese majority and half to the minority communities:
73:
The reformed legislative council, introduced in 1921 by the
British, was based on principles of communal representation, which led the Tamils to realize that they were the minority ethnic group and that they should be represented by a member of their own community. It was under this communal
171:
principles. Navalar's efforts to revive
Hinduism, the predominant religion of the Sri Lankan Tamil people, influenced Tamils who built their own schools, temples, and societies, and who published literature to counter that of the missionaries. Thus, by 1925 nearly 50 schools, including the
425:
such as courts, a police force, a human rights organization, and a humanitarian assistance board. a health board, and an education board. In addition, it ran a bank (Bank of Tamil Eelam), a radio station (Voice of Tigers) and a television station (National Television of Tamil Eelam).
224:, in which representation was proportionate to percentage of population. The Tamil leadership strongly opposed this plan, realizing that they would be reduced to a minority in parliament. Many Sinhalese were also against the idea of universal franchise for all
318:
was signed in July 1957, but pressure from the opposition and extremist groups forced Bandaranaike to abolish the pact. After the assassination of Bandaranaike, another pact was signed in 1965 between Chelvanayakam and Dudley Senenayake called the
282:(UNP), although he had stated earlier that the UNP was not progressive-minded. The merge was not supported by the entire party, and it ended up splitting the ACTC in half, with one faction merging with D.S. Senanayake's UNP and the other, led by
102:(UNP). This move was not supported by half of the ACTC members and resulted in a split—one half of the party decided to merge with the UNP and the other half decided to leave the party altogether, forming a new Tamil party in 1949, the
191:
controlled the whole island by 1815, and unified the country administratively in 1833 with a legislative council that acted as advisor to the Governor. The council was composed of three Europeans and one representative each of the
286:, deciding to leave the party altogether and advocated for equal rights, 100% opportunities for Tamils without any racial barrier. In 1948, Ponnampalam voted in favour of one of several bills, later known as the
54:(formerly known as Ceylon), that they have the right to constitute an independent or autonomous political community. This idea has not always existed. Sri Lankan Tamil national awareness began during the era of
314:. Instead they lobbied for a unified state which gave Tamil and Sinhalese equal status as the official language and provided for considerable autonomy in the Tamil areas. It was against this backdrop that the
153:
missionaries on a large scale to Sri Lanka (then called Ceylon), beginning in 1814, was a primary contributor to the development of political awareness among Tamils. The activities of missionaries from the
310:. As a result, the Federal party became the dominant party in the Tamil districts after the 1956 elections. Despite this, the Federal Party never asked for a separate Tamil state or even for
239:, led by future Prime Minister Solomon Bandaranaike. This created tension between the two leaders and caused the exchange of verbal attacks, with Ponnampalam calling himself a "proud
110:, made the Federal Party the main voice of Tamil politics. Increased racial and political tension between the two communities led to the merger of all Tamil political parties into the
204:-centered developments of the British administration, this emerging Tamil national consciousness led to the establishment of the All Ceylon Tamil Congress headed by Tamil politician,
1439:
4639:
278:
Later the ACTC decided to adopt a new policy: "responsive cooperation" with "progressive-minded Sinhalese". Yet in 1948, Ponnampalam decided to merge the ACTC with the ruling
306:, it gained popularity among the Tamil people because it advocated Tamil rights. Its popularity was also due to the party's opposition to the Ceylon Citizenship Act and the
385:
After the expulsion of TULF from parliament, militants ruled the Tamil political movement. As a result, the 1970s saw the emergence of more than 30 Tamil militant groups.
2169:
3484:
1468:
155:
4118:
4789:
394:
302:
In 1949, a new Tamil party, called the Federal Party ("Ilankai Thamil Arasu Kadchi"), was organized by the people who broke away from the ACTC. Led by
4415:
323:, but this agreement, like the Bandaranaike-Chelvanayakam pact, was never implemented. The UNP was defeated in the 1970 election and replaced by the
74:
representation that Tamil national awareness changed to national consciousnessâa less passive state. They formed a Tamil political party called the
4774:
402:
4584:
1759:
1142:
Stokke, K. (2006). "Building the Tamil Eelam State: emerging state institutions and forms of governance in LTTE-controlled areas in Sri Lanka".
1019:
5210:
4820:
4779:
4681:
2225:
1879:
406:
17:
5225:
4698:
1495:
1461:
4764:
618:
Vaitheespara, R. (2006). "Beyond 'Benign'and 'Fascist'Nationalisms: Interrogating the Historiography of Sri Lankan Tamil Nationalism".
4522:
4756:
4558:
368:
4840:
4111:
2897:
5205:
5145:
4940:
4676:
4459:
1454:
422:
413:âremained a potent political force; the rest were flawed ideologically and therefore not strictly Tamil Nationalist factions.
5220:
4693:
4408:
3730:
3700:
2802:
1594:
1405:
1378:
1351:
1324:
1297:
1270:
1118:
1067:
979:
931:
798:
749:
691:
602:
542:
477:
452:
4865:
3725:
3650:
2442:
2406:
1574:
106:. Policies adopted by successive Sinhalese governments, and the 1956 success of the Sinhalese Nationalist government under
558:
Russell, J. (1982). "Communal Politics under the Donoughmore Commission, 1831â1947". Ph.D. Thesis. Tissara Publishers: 21.
4794:
4746:
4671:
4599:
1817:
398:
5215:
5166:
4926:
4736:
4306:
4104:
3891:
1874:
1651:
33:
5161:
3427:
1550:
5186:
4784:
4741:
4609:
4401:
4321:
4265:
2218:
390:
364:
115:
4769:
3976:
3831:
3080:
2887:
1962:
315:
78:(ACTC). In the years leading to Sri Lankan independence, political tension began to develop between the majority
855:
De Silva, P.L. (1997). "The growth of Tamil paramilitary nationalisms: Sinhala Chauvinism and Tamil responses".
5133:
4219:
3680:
3635:
2892:
2713:
2174:
245:
5100:
4726:
4502:
4081:
are listed above. This does not imply that all nationalists with a given ethnicity subscribe to that form of
3770:
3765:
3695:
3655:
3640:
3422:
3377:
2997:
2645:
1609:
1041:
111:
1446:
343:
The Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF) was formed when the Tamil political parties merged and adopted the
4352:
3936:
3881:
3851:
3760:
3735:
3720:
3645:
3625:
2635:
2411:
2164:
1987:
1972:
1869:
1833:
1801:
1434:
3755:
5138:
4931:
4900:
4666:
4173:
3392:
2615:
2565:
2211:
1519:
5042:
4688:
4149:
3750:
3630:
2661:
2101:
1672:
1540:
352:
88:
5077:
5009:
4721:
4716:
4624:
4604:
4454:
4433:
4367:
4347:
4342:
4337:
2924:
2620:
320:
225:
103:
75:
3710:
3432:
1156:
576:
5126:
5085:
4835:
4027:
3685:
3489:
2401:
684:
Sri Lankan Tamil Nationalism: Its Origins and Development in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
324:
1371:
Sri Lankan Tamil Nationalism:Its Origins and Development in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
1111:
Sri Lankan Tamil Nationalism:Its Origins and Development in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
235:
Ponnambalam's advocacy of Tamil nationalism was paralleled by a similar Sinhalese nationalism of
4921:
4830:
4815:
4731:
4553:
4163:
3469:
2941:
2845:
2756:
2671:
2550:
1599:
43:
4047:
3002:
4614:
4507:
4311:
3417:
3307:
3085:
3049:
2931:
2776:
2625:
2007:
1982:
1589:
1579:
1477:
1151:
344:
303:
287:
217:
5116:
5095:
4563:
4517:
4377:
4372:
4269:
4179:
3740:
3705:
3690:
3569:
3397:
3387:
3352:
3347:
3332:
3312:
3276:
3059:
3029:
3019:
3009:
2904:
2683:
2640:
2610:
2588:
2535:
2458:
2369:
1692:
1604:
1569:
563:
328:
279:
132:
99:
243:". This interethnic and political stress led to the first Sinhalese-Tamil riot in 1939.(see
216:
Historic changes occurred in 1931: the reformed legislative council was eliminated, and the
5090:
5052:
4810:
4634:
4316:
4189:
3946:
3745:
3594:
3554:
3529:
3372:
3342:
3327:
3317:
3286:
3281:
3271:
3245:
3206:
3100:
2977:
2972:
2951:
2914:
2882:
2850:
2840:
2819:
2746:
2630:
2545:
2505:
2332:
2279:
2117:
2075:
2022:
1775:
1744:
955:
De Silva, K.M. (1984). "University Admissions and Ethnic Tension in Sri Lanka, 1977â1982".
283:
176:, were fully functioning. This revival movement also set the stage for modern Tamil prose.
107:
1889:
8:
5121:
4532:
4512:
4469:
4234:
4204:
4199:
4159:
3996:
3876:
3670:
3609:
3574:
3479:
3382:
3337:
3302:
3266:
3261:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3170:
3116:
3064:
3054:
2987:
2956:
2909:
2814:
2730:
2703:
2666:
2593:
2560:
2540:
2510:
2396:
2296:
2127:
2080:
1977:
1925:
1780:
1754:
1728:
1707:
1535:
1514:
957:
From Independence to Statehood: Managing Ethnic Conflict in Six African and Asian States.
291:
229:
220:, which rejected communal representation, was formed. Instead, the Commission introduced
173:
98:
After Sri Lanka achieved independence in 1948, the ACTC decided to merge with the ruling
887:
Kearney, R.N. (1985). "Ethnic Conflict and the Tamil Separatist Movement in Sri Lanka".
5057:
4825:
4594:
4479:
4286:
4260:
4214:
4184:
4154:
4082:
4032:
3785:
3665:
3539:
3514:
3322:
3240:
3211:
3160:
3150:
3095:
3090:
3024:
3014:
2992:
2946:
2824:
2792:
2708:
2693:
2688:
2555:
2463:
2421:
2327:
2317:
2312:
2291:
2274:
2234:
2002:
1992:
1930:
1915:
1749:
1723:
1687:
1584:
1545:
1509:
1239:
1204:
1169:
904:
635:
510:
311:
236:
221:
3675:
228:. G.G. Ponnambalam publicly protested the Donooughmore Commission and proposed to the
5017:
4474:
4424:
4362:
4250:
4224:
4057:
4042:
3836:
3524:
3216:
3165:
3121:
2982:
2919:
2751:
2718:
2523:
2515:
2416:
2353:
2192:
2027:
1884:
1702:
1411:
1401:
1384:
1374:
1357:
1347:
1330:
1320:
1303:
1293:
1276:
1266:
1243:
1208:
1124:
1114:
1073:
1063:
1035:
975:
937:
927:
804:
794:
745:
687:
639:
598:
538:
514:
473:
448:
386:
240:
205:
1173:
262:
5047:
5027:
4589:
4484:
4464:
4357:
4194:
4169:
3971:
3780:
3660:
3175:
3155:
2771:
2766:
2698:
2678:
2572:
2500:
2468:
2348:
2264:
1697:
1677:
1485:
1231:
1196:
1161:
896:
864:
719:
627:
502:
307:
272:
193:
92:
79:
1222:
Ranganathan, M. (2002). "Nurturing a Nation on the Net: The Case of Tamil Eelam".
686:. University of British Columbia Press. pp. 1â12, 27â39, 66â81, 82â111, 124.
5067:
5037:
5022:
4537:
3951:
3921:
3446:
2855:
2761:
2598:
1854:
1625:
67:
4001:
1091:
Balasingham, A.S. (1983). "Liberation Tigers and Tamil Eelam Freedom Struggle".
710:
Stokke, K.; Ryntveit, A.K. (2000). "The Struggle for Tamil Eelam in Sri Lanka".
506:
4954:
4494:
3906:
3886:
3454:
2603:
2148:
2132:
2085:
2043:
1859:
197:
55:
47:
1235:
1200:
1165:
868:
765:
De Silva, K.M. (1972). "The Ceylon National Congress in Disarray, 1920â1921".
631:
5199:
5062:
5032:
4382:
3549:
3544:
3499:
3494:
3474:
2797:
2473:
1967:
1476:
1388:
1307:
1280:
1128:
188:
84:
63:
4096:
1415:
1361:
1334:
1077:
996:
941:
808:
723:
4905:
4895:
4078:
3966:
3816:
3579:
3564:
3534:
3504:
3464:
1910:
378:
373:
4393:
4982:
4968:
4619:
4209:
4127:
4037:
4006:
3986:
3866:
3821:
3775:
3604:
3589:
3584:
3519:
3459:
2936:
2809:
2122:
1920:
1682:
1429:
418:
348:
137:
1187:
McConnell, D. (2008). "The Tamil people's right to self-determination".
4996:
4975:
4629:
4052:
3896:
3826:
2322:
2284:
1946:
1785:
1481:
908:
470:
S.J.V. Chelvanayagam and the Crisis of Sri Lankan Nationalism 1947â1977
159:
150:
4947:
3956:
3941:
3931:
3926:
3871:
3856:
3145:
2269:
2203:
51:
900:
417:
established a de facto state in the areas under its control, called
141:
Percentage of Sri Lankan Tamils per district based on 2001 or 1981 (
4961:
4890:
4880:
4870:
4527:
4254:
3916:
3841:
3715:
3599:
1894:
1641:
163:
3981:
2017:
4989:
4885:
3991:
3961:
3911:
3901:
3806:
3559:
3509:
2528:
2437:
2012:
1997:
1656:
1646:
821:
201:
70:, used literacy as a tool to spread Hinduism and its principles.
4875:
3861:
3846:
3811:
3801:
1864:
994:
4860:
4011:
1849:
1344:
Sri Lanka: Ethnic Fratricide and the Dismantling of Democracy
924:
Sri Lanka: Ethnic Fratricide and the Dismantling of Democracy
168:
59:
1430:
Sinhala-Tamil Nationalism and Sri Lankaâs East Coast Veddas
1287:
1113:. Sydney: C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. pp. 131â132.
1022:. Hindu News. Archived from the original on 26 January 2003
410:
421:, and had managed a government in these areas, providing
712:
Growth and Change: A Journal of Urban and Regional Policy
1062:. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. pp. 142â143, 228.
709:
180:
as a leader who gave his community a distinct identity.
1398:
The Break-up of Sri Lanka: The Sinhalese-Tamil Conflict
1060:
The Break-up of Sri Lanka: The Sinhalese-Tamil Conflict
1317:
Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism: A study of its origins
791:
Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism: A study of its origins
595:
Communal politics under the Donoughmore Constitution
535:
Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism: A study of its origins
445:
Communal politics under the Donoughmore Constitution
156:
American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions
114:. This was followed by the emergence of a militant,
969:
1090:
842:Report of the Soulbury Commission , London (1965)
597:. Colombo: Tissara Publishers. pp. 22, 315.
5197:
617:
447:. Colombo: Tissara Publishers. pp. Ch. iv.
338:
1314:
1221:
1215:
1084:
788:
767:Ceylon Journal of Historical and Social Studies
611:
395:People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam
1341:
1260:
954:
882:
880:
878:
854:
833:Full report in the "Hindu organ", 12 June 1939
784:
782:
780:
4409:
4126:
4112:
2219:
1462:
1395:
1368:
1186:
1180:
921:
886:
403:Eelam People's Revolutionary Liberation Front
66:missionary activity. The revivalists, led by
46:, a minority ethnic group in the South Asian
4821:Federation of Tamil Sangams of North America
1108:
1057:
705:
703:
407:Eelam Revolutionary Organisation of Students
257:
4423:
1496:List of active separatist movements in Asia
1435:The future of (Sri Lankan)Tamil nationalism
875:
777:
4416:
4402:
4119:
4105:
4077:: Forms of nationalism based primarily on
3721:Muslim Independence Movement (Philippines)
2226:
2212:
1469:
1455:
1141:
1135:
1053:
1051:
857:South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
620:South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies
532:
472:. London: Hurst & Co. pp. 140ff.
1373:. Sydney: C. Hurst & Co. Publishers.
1189:Cambridge Review of International Affairs
1155:
1104:
1102:
970:Goldmann, Robert B.; A.J. Wilson (1984).
850:
848:
700:
667:
665:
663:
661:
659:
657:
655:
653:
651:
649:
588:
586:
183:
1440:Sinhala nationalism and its implications
1093:Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, Jaffna
974:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 173â184.
764:
739:
372:
369:List of Sri Lankan Tamil militant groups
261:
136:
58:during the nineteenth century, as Tamil
4841:Transnational Government of Tamil Eelam
1048:
1017:
995:Russell R. Ross; Andrea Matles Savada.
592:
557:
492:
442:
167:of the Tamil Language and spread Hindu
14:
5198:
3681:Galician independence movement (Spain)
2233:
1288:Goldman, R. B.; Wilson, A. J. (1984).
1099:
988:
948:
845:
735:
733:
681:
646:
583:
537:. MV Publications. pp. 108, 201.
528:
526:
524:
467:
290:which disenfranchised Indian Tamils ("
121:
4397:
4100:
3731:Patani United Liberation Organisation
3701:Inner Mongolian independence movement
2207:
1450:
1263:Sri Lankan Tamil society and politics
331:, the widow of Solomon Bandaranaike.
252:
3726:National Liberation Front of Corsica
3651:East Turkestan independence movement
5211:Origins of the Sri Lankan Civil War
4672:Government of the Northern Province
1011:
793:. MV Publications. pp. 6, 76.
730:
521:
461:
436:
399:Tamil Eelam Liberation Organization
377:Tamil women rebels in formation in
27:Ideology of Sri Lankan Tamil people
24:
5226:Political terminology in Sri Lanka
4737:Democratic Tamil National Alliance
1265:. London: New Century Book House.
493:Roberts, Michael (2004). "Essay".
486:
358:
126:
34:Tamil nationalism (disambiguation)
25:
5237:
1423:
1400:. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers.
196:, the Sri Lankan Tamils, and the
5182:
5181:
4927:Representations in Indian cinema
4747:Tamil People's National Alliance
4322:Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
391:Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
365:Sri Lankan Tamil militant groups
297:
266:All Ceylon Tamil Congress's flag
4600:BandaranaikeâChelvanayakam Pact
3832:Basque Country (greater region)
3691:Guangdong Independence Movement
1224:Nationalism and Ethnic Politics
963:
915:
836:
827:
815:
758:
740:De Silva, K.M.De Silva (2005).
316:Bandaranaike-Chelvanayakam Pact
116:armed form of Tamil nationalism
3636:Assyrian independence movement
1290:From Independence to Statehood
972:From Independence to Statehood
551:
495:Journal of South Asian Studies
246:Riots and pogroms in Sri Lanka
211:
13:
1:
4742:Tamil National People's Front
4727:Tamil United Liberation Front
3771:Vojvodina Autonomist Movement
3766:Tibetan independence movement
3696:Hawaiian sovereignty movement
3656:Faroese independence movement
3641:Catalan independence movement
1254:
339:Tamil United Liberation Front
112:Tamil United Liberation Front
62:revivalists tried to counter
5221:Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism
4353:Indian independence movement
3852:Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
3761:Taiwan independence movement
3736:Ryukyu independence movement
3646:Champa independence movement
3626:Alsace independence movement
533:Gunasingam, Murugar (1999).
40:Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism
18:Sri Lankan Tamil Nationalism
7:
5139:Shrine of Our Lady of Madhu
4667:Northern Provincial Council
4307:Balawaristan National Front
3716:Mapuche separatist movement
507:10.1080/1479027042000186441
347:, named after the village,
10:
5242:
4689:Eastern Provincial Council
4640:NPC Resolution on Genocide
4559:Wesleyan Methodist Mission
3751:Silesian Autonomy Movement
3631:Assam separatist movements
2786:Northern & Middle Asia
1346:. IB Tauris & Co Ltd.
1292:. London: Frances Pinter.
926:. IB Tauris & Co Ltd.
389:, the theoretician of the
362:
130:
31:
5216:Sri Lankan Tamil politics
5206:IndiaâSri Lanka relations
5179:
5154:
5109:
5076:
5008:
4914:
4853:
4803:
4755:
4717:All Ceylon Tamil Congress
4709:
4659:
4652:
4625:Burning of Jaffna library
4572:
4546:
4493:
4460:Tissamaharama inscription
4455:History of Eastern Tamils
4447:
4440:
4434:List of Sri Lankan Tamils
4431:
4368:Punjabi Language Movement
4348:Bengali language movement
4343:Bangladesh Liberation War
4338:Insurgency in Balochistan
4330:
4299:
4279:
4243:
4142:
4135:
4068:
4020:
3794:
3756:Székely autonomy movement
3618:
3445:
3410:
3365:
3295:
3254:
3236:
3229:
3184:
3141:
3134:
3109:
3073:
3045:
3038:
2965:
2875:
2868:
2833:
2785:
2739:
2654:
2581:
2493:
2486:
2451:
2430:
2389:
2382:
2362:
2341:
2305:
2257:
2250:
2241:
2185:
2157:
2141:
2110:
2094:
2068:
2052:
2036:
1955:
1939:
1903:
1842:
1826:
1810:
1794:
1768:
1737:
1716:
1665:
1634:
1618:
1559:
1528:
1502:
1493:
1236:10.1080/13537110208428661
1201:10.1080/09557570701828592
1166:10.1080/01436590600850434
1040:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1020:"TULF leader passes away"
869:10.1080/00856409708723306
632:10.1080/00856400601032003
321:Dudley-Chelvanayakam Pact
258:All Ceylon Tamil Congress
76:All Ceylon Tamil Congress
42:is the conviction of the
5127:Nallur Kandaswamy temple
4836:Tamil Youth Organisation
3686:Greenlandic independence
1315:Gunasingham, M. (1999).
789:Gunasingham, M. (1999).
744:. Penguin. p. 448.
429:
4831:Tamils Against Genocide
4816:Canadian Tamil Congress
4732:Tamil National Alliance
4554:American Ceylon Mission
4425:Sri Lankan Tamil people
1342:Tambiah, S. J. (1986).
1261:Civattampi, K. (1995).
724:10.1111/0017-4815.00129
44:Sri Lankan Tamil people
5078:Languages and dialects
4615:Vaddukoddai Resolution
4312:Gorkha Janmukti Morcha
3711:MÄori protest movement
1396:Wilson, A. J. (1988).
1369:Wilson, A. J. (2000).
922:Tambiah, S.J. (1986).
742:A History of Sri Lanka
571:Cite journal requires
382:
345:Vaddukoddai Resolution
288:Ceylon Citizenship Act
267:
218:Donoughmore Commission
184:Communal Consciousness
146:
4564:Jaffna Youth Congress
4518:Kotagama inscriptions
4378:Self-Respect Movement
4373:Punjabi Suba movement
3741:Scottish independence
3706:Kashubian Association
3428:Indigenous Australian
1486:stateless nationalism
1144:Third World Quarterly
1109:Wilson, A.J. (2000).
1058:Wilson, A.J. (1988).
999:. Library of Congress
682:Wilson, A.J. (2000).
468:Wilson, A.J. (1994).
376:
329:Sirimavo Bandaranaike
280:United National Party
265:
140:
133:Politics of Sri Lanka
100:United National Party
4811:British Tamils Forum
4317:Jathika Hela Urumaya
3947:Marathi Abhimaangeet
3746:Siberian regionalism
593:Russell, J. (1982).
443:Russell, J. (1982).
284:S.J.V. Chelvanayakam
108:Solomon Bandaranaike
32:For other uses, see
5122:Naguleswaram temple
4523:Portuguese conquest
4513:Jaffna Palace ruins
4470:Ketheeswaram temple
4038:American Indigenous
3671:Free Papua Movement
3081:Balkar and Karachay
2876:Southeastern Europe
2407:Indigenous Canadian
1963:Balkar and Karachay
1319:. MV Publications.
292:Hill Country Tamils
230:Soulbury Commission
222:universal franchise
174:Batticotta Seminary
122:Before independence
4826:Global Tamil Forum
4480:Munneswaram temple
4083:ethnic nationalism
3786:Welsh independence
3666:Free Aceh Movement
2898:in North Macedonia
2740:South-eastern Asia
2235:Ethnic nationalism
1595:Southern Mongolian
997:"Tamil Alienation"
383:
312:self-determination
268:
253:After independence
237:Sinhala Maha Sabha
147:
5193:
5192:
5175:
5174:
4849:
4848:
4710:Political parties
4648:
4647:
4475:Koneswaram temple
4391:
4390:
4363:Pakistan Movement
4295:
4294:
4094:
4093:
3837:Catalan Countries
3441:
3440:
3406:
3405:
3361:
3360:
3225:
3224:
3130:
3129:
2864:
2863:
2482:
2481:
2378:
2377:
2201:
2200:
1760:South Azerbaijani
1407:978-1-85065-033-1
1380:978-1-85065-338-7
1353:978-0-226-78952-1
1326:978-0-646-38106-0
1299:978-0-312-30723-3
1272:978-81-234-0395-3
1120:978-1-85065-338-7
1069:978-0-7748-0760-9
981:978-0-312-30723-3
933:978-0-226-78952-1
824:, 1935, Col. 3045
800:978-0-646-38106-0
751:978-1-55394-121-7
693:978-0-7748-0760-9
604:978-1-85118-002-8
544:978-0-646-38106-0
479:978-0-8248-1608-7
454:978-1-85118-002-8
387:Anton Balasingham
325:United Front (UF)
206:G. G. Ponnambalam
16:(Redirected from
5233:
5185:
5184:
5086:Batticaloa Tamil
4912:
4911:
4657:
4656:
4590:Sinhala Only Act
4485:Tenavaram temple
4465:Annaicoddai seal
4445:
4444:
4418:
4411:
4404:
4395:
4394:
4358:Kashmir conflict
4229:Sri Lankan Tamil
4140:
4139:
4121:
4114:
4107:
4098:
4097:
4087:
3972:Republika Srpska
3781:Walloon Movement
3661:Flemish Movement
3234:
3233:
3139:
3138:
3043:
3042:
2873:
2872:
2491:
2490:
2387:
2386:
2255:
2254:
2248:
2247:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2205:
2204:
2178:
2133:Western Armenian
1818:North Kazakhstan
1520:South Turkestani
1471:
1464:
1457:
1448:
1447:
1419:
1392:
1365:
1338:
1311:
1284:
1248:
1247:
1219:
1213:
1212:
1184:
1178:
1177:
1159:
1150:(6): 1021â1040.
1139:
1133:
1132:
1106:
1097:
1096:
1088:
1082:
1081:
1055:
1046:
1045:
1039:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1015:
1009:
1008:
1006:
1004:
992:
986:
985:
967:
961:
960:
952:
946:
945:
919:
913:
912:
884:
873:
872:
852:
843:
840:
834:
831:
825:
819:
813:
812:
786:
775:
774:
762:
756:
755:
737:
728:
727:
707:
698:
697:
679:
644:
643:
615:
609:
608:
590:
581:
580:
574:
569:
567:
559:
555:
549:
548:
530:
519:
518:
490:
484:
483:
465:
459:
458:
440:
353:J.R. Jayewardene
308:Sinhala Only Act
273:D. S. Senanayake
21:
5241:
5240:
5236:
5235:
5234:
5232:
5231:
5230:
5196:
5195:
5194:
5189:
5171:
5150:
5146:Village deities
5105:
5072:
5004:
4941:Saturday Review
4910:
4866:Genetic studies
4845:
4799:
4757:Militant groups
4751:
4705:
4699:Chief Ministers
4682:Chief Ministers
4644:
4605:Standardisation
4568:
4542:
4538:Demala Hatpattu
4489:
4436:
4427:
4422:
4392:
4387:
4326:
4291:
4275:
4239:
4131:
4125:
4095:
4090:
4072:
4064:
4016:
3952:Northern Epirus
3922:Ketuanan Melayu
3790:
3676:Future of Ă
land
3614:
3550:Native American
3447:Pan-nationalism
3437:
3402:
3366:Northern Europe
3357:
3291:
3250:
3230:Southern Europe
3221:
3180:
3126:
3105:
3069:
3034:
2961:
2860:
2829:
2781:
2735:
2650:
2577:
2478:
2447:
2426:
2417:Native American
2374:
2363:Southern Africa
2358:
2337:
2301:
2243:
2237:
2232:
2202:
2197:
2181:
2172:
2153:
2137:
2106:
2090:
2064:
2048:
2032:
1951:
1935:
1899:
1838:
1822:
1806:
1790:
1764:
1733:
1712:
1661:
1630:
1626:Turkish Cypriot
1614:
1555:
1524:
1498:
1489:
1475:
1426:
1408:
1381:
1354:
1327:
1300:
1273:
1257:
1252:
1251:
1220:
1216:
1185:
1181:
1157:10.1.1.466.5940
1140:
1136:
1121:
1107:
1100:
1089:
1085:
1070:
1056:
1049:
1033:
1032:
1025:
1023:
1016:
1012:
1002:
1000:
993:
989:
982:
968:
964:
953:
949:
934:
920:
916:
901:10.2307/2644418
885:
876:
853:
846:
841:
837:
832:
828:
820:
816:
801:
787:
778:
763:
759:
752:
738:
731:
708:
701:
694:
680:
647:
616:
612:
605:
591:
584:
572:
570:
561:
560:
556:
552:
545:
531:
522:
491:
487:
480:
466:
462:
455:
441:
437:
432:
423:state functions
371:
363:Main articles:
361:
359:Militant groups
341:
300:
260:
255:
214:
186:
149:The arrival of
135:
129:
127:Early beginning
124:
68:Arumuga Navalar
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5239:
5229:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5213:
5208:
5191:
5190:
5180:
5177:
5176:
5173:
5172:
5170:
5169:
5164:
5158:
5156:
5152:
5151:
5149:
5148:
5143:
5142:
5141:
5131:
5130:
5129:
5124:
5113:
5111:
5107:
5106:
5104:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5082:
5080:
5074:
5073:
5071:
5070:
5065:
5063:United Kingdom
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5014:
5012:
5006:
5005:
5003:
5002:
5001:
5000:
4993:
4986:
4979:
4972:
4965:
4958:
4955:Tamil Guardian
4951:
4944:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4918:
4916:
4909:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4857:
4855:
4851:
4850:
4847:
4846:
4844:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4807:
4805:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4761:
4759:
4753:
4752:
4750:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4713:
4711:
4707:
4706:
4704:
4703:
4702:
4701:
4696:
4686:
4685:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4663:
4661:
4654:
4650:
4649:
4646:
4645:
4643:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4576:
4574:
4570:
4569:
4567:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4550:
4548:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4508:Aryacakravarti
4505:
4499:
4497:
4495:Jaffna kingdom
4491:
4490:
4488:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4451:
4449:
4442:
4438:
4437:
4432:
4429:
4428:
4421:
4420:
4413:
4406:
4398:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4334:
4332:
4328:
4327:
4325:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4303:
4301:
4297:
4296:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4289:
4283:
4281:
4277:
4276:
4274:
4273:
4263:
4258:
4247:
4245:
4241:
4240:
4238:
4237:
4232:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4167:
4157:
4152:
4146:
4144:
4137:
4133:
4132:
4124:
4123:
4116:
4109:
4101:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4088:
4069:
4066:
4065:
4063:
4062:
4061:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4030:
4024:
4022:
4018:
4017:
4015:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3907:Karakalpakstan
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3887:East Turkestan
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3798:
3796:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3622:
3620:
3616:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3451:
3449:
3443:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3414:
3412:
3408:
3407:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3369:
3367:
3363:
3362:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3299:
3297:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3258:
3256:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3248:
3243:
3237:
3231:
3227:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3220:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3188:
3186:
3185:United Kingdom
3182:
3181:
3179:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3142:
3136:
3135:Western Europe
3132:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3124:
3119:
3113:
3111:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3077:
3075:
3074:North Caucasus
3071:
3070:
3068:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3046:
3040:
3039:Eastern Europe
3036:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3006:
3005:
3000:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2969:
2967:
2966:Central Europe
2963:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2947:Romani (Gypsy)
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2928:
2927:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2901:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2879:
2877:
2870:
2866:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2837:
2835:
2834:South Caucasus
2831:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2806:
2805:
2803:South Mongolia
2795:
2789:
2787:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2728:
2727:
2726:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2675:
2674:
2664:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2607:
2606:
2596:
2591:
2585:
2583:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2575:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2532:
2531:
2526:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2497:
2495:
2488:
2484:
2483:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2455:
2453:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2445:
2440:
2434:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2393:
2391:
2384:
2380:
2379:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2372:
2366:
2364:
2360:
2359:
2357:
2356:
2351:
2345:
2343:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2309:
2307:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2288:
2287:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2261:
2259:
2252:
2245:
2239:
2238:
2231:
2230:
2223:
2216:
2208:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2189:
2187:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2167:
2161:
2159:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2145:
2143:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2114:
2112:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2072:
2070:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2062:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2040:
2038:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1907:
1905:
1901:
1900:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1846:
1844:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1836:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1804:
1798:
1796:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1741:
1739:
1735:
1734:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1720:
1718:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1669:
1667:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1622:
1620:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1575:East Turkestan
1572:
1567:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1499:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1474:
1473:
1466:
1459:
1451:
1443:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1425:
1424:External links
1422:
1421:
1420:
1406:
1393:
1379:
1366:
1352:
1339:
1325:
1312:
1298:
1285:
1271:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1214:
1179:
1134:
1119:
1098:
1083:
1068:
1047:
1010:
987:
980:
962:
947:
932:
914:
895:(9): 898â917.
874:
844:
835:
826:
814:
799:
776:
757:
750:
729:
718:(2): 285â304.
699:
692:
645:
626:(3): 435â458.
610:
603:
582:
573:|journal=
550:
543:
520:
485:
478:
460:
453:
434:
433:
431:
428:
360:
357:
340:
337:
299:
296:
259:
256:
254:
251:
213:
210:
185:
182:
128:
125:
123:
120:
48:island country
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5238:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5203:
5201:
5188:
5178:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5159:
5157:
5153:
5147:
5144:
5140:
5137:
5136:
5135:
5132:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5119:
5118:
5115:
5114:
5112:
5108:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5096:Negombo Tamil
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5083:
5081:
5079:
5075:
5069:
5068:United States
5066:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5015:
5013:
5011:
5007:
4999:
4998:
4994:
4992:
4991:
4987:
4985:
4984:
4980:
4978:
4977:
4973:
4971:
4970:
4966:
4964:
4963:
4959:
4957:
4956:
4952:
4950:
4949:
4945:
4943:
4942:
4938:
4937:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4919:
4917:
4913:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4858:
4856:
4852:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4808:
4806:
4802:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4762:
4760:
4758:
4754:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4722:Federal Party
4720:
4718:
4715:
4714:
4712:
4708:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4691:
4690:
4687:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4669:
4668:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4658:
4655:
4651:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4577:
4575:
4573:Post-colonial
4571:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4545:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4496:
4492:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4452:
4450:
4446:
4443:
4439:
4435:
4430:
4426:
4419:
4414:
4412:
4407:
4405:
4400:
4399:
4396:
4384:
4383:Urdu movement
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4329:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4304:
4302:
4300:Organisations
4298:
4288:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4278:
4271:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4256:
4252:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4242:
4236:
4233:
4230:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4175:
4171:
4168:
4165:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4141:
4138:
4134:
4130:in South Asia
4129:
4122:
4117:
4115:
4110:
4108:
4103:
4102:
4099:
4085:
4084:
4080:
4079:ethnic groups
4076:
4071:
4070:
4067:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4035:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4028:Local (China)
4026:
4025:
4023:
4019:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3892:Herzeg-Bosnia
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3793:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3617:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3450:
3448:
3444:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3415:
3413:
3409:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3364:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3294:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3253:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3228:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3133:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3072:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3037:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2964:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2874:
2871:
2867:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2832:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2732:
2729:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2673:
2672:in Bangladesh
2670:
2669:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2655:Southern Asia
2653:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2574:
2571:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2489:
2485:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2452:South America
2450:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2429:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2390:North America
2388:
2385:
2381:
2371:
2368:
2367:
2365:
2361:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2340:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2246:
2240:
2236:
2229:
2224:
2222:
2217:
2215:
2210:
2209:
2206:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2176:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2156:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2140:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2123:Eastern Greek
2121:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2109:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2093:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2067:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2051:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2035:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1988:Crimean Tatar
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1902:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1841:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1825:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1809:
1803:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1793:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1767:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1736:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1664:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1558:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1527:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1472:
1467:
1465:
1460:
1458:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1403:
1399:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1376:
1372:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1349:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1295:
1291:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1258:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1218:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1183:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1138:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1116:
1112:
1105:
1103:
1094:
1087:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1065:
1061:
1054:
1052:
1043:
1037:
1021:
1018:DBS Jeyaraj.
1014:
998:
991:
983:
977:
973:
966:
958:
951:
943:
939:
935:
929:
925:
918:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
883:
881:
879:
870:
866:
863:(1): 97â118.
862:
858:
851:
849:
839:
830:
823:
818:
810:
806:
802:
796:
792:
785:
783:
781:
772:
768:
761:
753:
747:
743:
736:
734:
725:
721:
717:
713:
706:
704:
695:
689:
685:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
666:
664:
662:
660:
658:
656:
654:
652:
650:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
614:
606:
600:
596:
589:
587:
578:
565:
554:
546:
540:
536:
529:
527:
525:
516:
512:
508:
504:
501:(1): 67â108.
500:
496:
489:
481:
475:
471:
464:
456:
450:
446:
439:
435:
427:
424:
420:
414:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
380:
375:
370:
366:
356:
354:
350:
346:
336:
332:
330:
326:
322:
317:
313:
309:
305:
304:Chelvanayakam
298:Federal Party
295:
293:
289:
285:
281:
276:
274:
264:
250:
248:
247:
242:
238:
233:
231:
227:
223:
219:
209:
207:
203:
199:
195:
190:
189:Great Britain
181:
177:
175:
170:
165:
161:
157:
152:
144:
139:
134:
119:
117:
113:
109:
105:
104:Federal party
101:
96:
94:
90:
89:Indian Tamils
86:
85:Ceylon Tamils
81:
77:
71:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
35:
30:
19:
5091:Jaffna Tamil
4995:
4988:
4981:
4974:
4967:
4960:
4953:
4946:
4939:
4896:Thesavalamai
4585:Colonisation
4579:
4228:
4074:
4073:
4002:Székely Land
3967:Pashtunistan
3817:Balawaristan
3590:South Slavic
3580:Scandinavian
3110:Volga Region
2724:in Sri Lanka
2723:
2582:Eastern Asia
2443:Puerto Rican
2258:North Africa
2242:Nationalisms
2193:South Yemeni
2059:
2037:Saudi Arabia
1911:Balawaristan
1600:Shanghainese
1444:
1397:
1370:
1343:
1316:
1289:
1262:
1230:(2): 51â66.
1227:
1223:
1217:
1195:(1): 59â76.
1192:
1188:
1182:
1147:
1143:
1137:
1110:
1092:
1086:
1059:
1024:. Retrieved
1013:
1001:. Retrieved
990:
971:
965:
956:
950:
923:
917:
892:
889:Asian Survey
888:
860:
856:
838:
829:
817:
790:
770:
766:
760:
741:
715:
711:
683:
623:
619:
613:
594:
564:cite journal
553:
534:
498:
494:
488:
469:
463:
444:
438:
415:
384:
379:Killinochchi
342:
333:
301:
277:
269:
244:
234:
215:
187:
178:
148:
142:
97:
95:and others.
72:
56:British rule
39:
38:
29:
5134:Catholicism
5053:New Zealand
4983:Thinakkural
4969:Tamil Times
4620:Tamil Eelam
4580:Nationalism
4280:Territorial
4164:Bangladeshi
4128:Nationalism
4007:Tamil Eelam
3987:Saraikistan
3867:Hatay State
3822:Balochistan
3776:Wallmapuwen
3470:Bangladeshi
2942:Montenegrin
2846:Azerbaijani
2810:Pan-Turkism
2551:Palestinian
2494:Middle East
2402:Greenlandic
2306:East Africa
2173: [
1940:Philippines
1729:West Papuan
1503:Afghanistan
1478:Regionalism
419:Tamil Eelam
409:(EROS) and
349:Vaddukoddai
212:Development
5200:Categories
4997:Virakesari
4976:Thinakaran
4932:Literature
4660:Government
4630:Black July
4136:Ideologies
4053:Indigenous
3997:Sindhudesh
3977:Santa Cruz
3897:Hutu Power
3827:Bangsamoro
3418:Australian
3393:Lithuanian
3308:Andalusian
3086:Circassian
3050:Belarusian
2998:in Austria
2932:Macedonian
2888:in Albania
2777:Vietnamese
2611:Hongkonger
2604:chauvinist
2285:Pharaonism
2170:Montagnard
2149:Karakalpak
2142:Uzbekistan
1983:Circassian
1947:Bangsamoro
1811:Kazakhstan
1786:Turkmeneli
1529:Azerbaijan
1482:separatism
1255:References
160:Methodists
151:Protestant
143:italicised
131:See also:
64:Protestant
5101:Loanwords
5018:Australia
4948:Sudar Oli
4694:Governors
4677:Governors
4635:Civil War
4610:Militancy
4270:Pakistani
4261:Khalistan
4244:Religious
4220:Sinhalese
4180:Dravidian
3957:Occitania
3942:Manchukuo
3932:Lezgistan
3927:Kurdistan
3872:Hazarajat
3857:Circassia
3619:Movements
3570:Pakistani
3545:Mongolian
3485:Congolese
3398:Norwegian
3388:Icelandic
3353:Valencian
3348:Navarrese
3333:Castilian
3313:Aragonese
3277:Sardinian
3060:Ukrainian
3030:Slovenian
3010:Hungarian
2925:in Cyprus
2905:Aromanian
2893:in Kosovo
2798:Mongolian
2714:Sinhalese
2684:Dravidian
2641:Taiwanese
2589:Cantonese
2566:in Cyprus
2536:Jordanian
2459:Argentine
2431:Caribbean
2422:Québécois
2370:Afrikaner
2053:Sri Lanka
1717:Indonesia
1688:Khalistan
1652:Javakheti
1642:Abkhazian
1605:Taiwanese
1580:Hong Kong
1570:Cantonese
1389:237448732
1308:180520649
1281:232392873
1244:144811729
1209:154770852
1152:CiteSeerX
1129:237448732
773:(1): 114.
640:144090634
515:219694926
405:(EPRLF),
397:(PLOTE),
327:, led by
241:Dravidian
194:Sinhalese
80:Sinhalese
52:Sri Lanka
5187:Category
5167:Football
5117:Hinduism
5110:Religion
5058:Pakistan
5048:Malaysia
5010:Diaspora
4962:TamilNet
4901:Vellalar
4891:Paraiyar
4881:Mukkuvar
4871:Karaiyar
4804:Diaspora
4653:Politics
4547:Colonial
4528:Vannimai
4255:Hindutva
4190:Kashmiri
4174:Bodoland
4150:Assamese
3917:Katarism
3842:Chameria
3795:Projects
3600:Turanian
3595:Tunisian
3565:Oceanian
3555:Nigerian
3505:Hispanic
3500:Germanic
3490:European
3423:Hawaiian
3373:Estonian
3343:Galician
3328:Canarian
3318:Asturian
3287:Venetian
3282:Sicilian
3272:Padanian
3246:Corsican
3207:Scottish
3101:Ossetian
3020:Silesian
3003:Völkisch
2978:Bavarian
2973:Austrian
2952:Romanian
2937:Moldovan
2915:Croatian
2883:Albanian
2851:Georgian
2841:Armenian
2820:Siberian
2747:Filipino
2662:Assamese
2631:Okinawan
2616:Japanese
2546:Lebanese
2524:Diaspora
2506:Assyrian
2474:Peruvian
2383:Americas
2333:Tigrayan
2280:Egyptian
2118:Assyrian
2095:Thailand
2076:Assyrian
2023:Siberian
2013:Ossetian
1998:Karelian
1921:Kashmiri
1904:Pakistan
1885:Rohingya
1827:Malaysia
1776:Assyrian
1745:Assyrian
1693:Manipuri
1683:Kashmiri
1673:Assamese
1657:Ossetian
1647:Adjarian
1416:21523218
1362:12808514
1335:44777400
1174:45544298
1078:21523218
1036:cite web
942:12808514
809:44777400
401:(TELO),
198:Burghers
164:Anglican
145:) census
5162:Cricket
5033:Germany
4990:Uthayan
4915:Culture
4886:Nalavar
4854:Society
4533:Vanniar
4503:History
4448:Ancient
4441:History
4235:Tripuri
4210:Saraiki
4205:Punjabi
4200:Pashtun
4160:Bengali
3992:Silesia
3962:Ossetia
3937:Luhansk
3912:Karelia
3902:Ilirida
3882:Donetsk
3807:Assyria
3610:Ugandan
3575:Russian
3520:Iranian
3510:Iberian
3480:Chinese
3455:African
3411:Oceania
3383:Finnish
3378:Faroese
3338:Catalan
3303:Spanish
3267:Lombard
3262:Italian
3202:English
3197:Cornish
3192:British
3176:Walloon
3171:Occitan
3156:Flemish
3146:Arpitan
3117:Chuvash
3065:Yiddish
3055:Russian
2988:Frisian
2957:Serbian
2910:Bosniak
2815:Pashtun
2731:Tripuri
2704:Punjabi
2667:Bengali
2646:Tibetan
2594:Chinese
2561:Turkish
2541:Kurdish
2529:Zionism
2520:Jewish
2511:Iranian
2469:Mapuche
2464:Criollo
2438:Haitian
2397:Chicano
2342:Nigeria
2297:Sahrawi
2158:Vietnam
2128:Kurdish
2086:Turkmen
2081:Kurdish
1978:Chuvash
1973:Chechen
1968:Bashkir
1926:Pashtun
1880:Rakhine
1875:Palaung
1843:Myanmar
1834:Sarawak
1781:Kurdish
1755:Kurdish
1708:Tripuri
1635:Georgia
1610:Tibetan
1541:Kurdish
1536:Artsakh
1515:Pashtun
1488:in Asia
909:2644418
822:Hansard
202:Colombo
93:Muslims
5028:France
5023:Canada
4922:Cinema
4876:Koviar
4331:Events
4287:Indian
4266:Muslim
4215:Sindhi
4185:Meitei
4155:Baloch
4143:Ethnic
4048:German
4033:Racial
3877:Danzig
3862:Crimea
3847:Champa
3812:Azawad
3802:Arakan
3605:Turkic
3585:Slavic
3560:Nordic
3540:Libyan
3530:Korean
3515:Indian
3495:Finnic
3475:Celtic
3323:Basque
3241:Basque
3212:Ulster
3161:French
3151:Breton
3096:Lezgin
3091:Ingush
3025:Slovak
3015:Polish
2993:German
2869:Europe
2825:Uyghur
2793:Baloch
2709:Sindhi
2694:Meitei
2689:Hazara
2636:Ryukyu
2626:Manchu
2621:Korean
2556:Syrian
2412:Lakota
2328:Somali
2318:Amhara
2313:Acholi
2292:Kabyle
2275:Coptic
2270:Berber
2251:Africa
2111:Turkey
2102:Patani
2044:Qatifi
2008:Manchu
2003:Lezgin
1993:Ingush
1956:Russia
1916:Baloch
1865:Kokang
1855:Kachin
1802:Ryukyu
1750:Baloch
1619:Cyprus
1590:Manchu
1551:Talysh
1546:Lezgin
1510:Hazara
1414:
1404:
1387:
1377:
1360:
1350:
1333:
1323:
1306:
1296:
1279:
1269:
1242:
1207:
1172:
1154:
1127:
1117:
1076:
1066:
978:
940:
930:
907:
807:
797:
748:
690:
638:
601:
541:
513:
476:
451:
381:, 2004
226:castes
5155:Sport
5043:India
5038:Italy
4936:News
4906:Vedar
4861:Eelam
4790:PLOTE
4775:EPRLF
4765:ENDLF
4595:Riots
4251:Hindu
4225:Tamil
4058:White
4043:Black
4021:Other
4012:Tibet
3982:SĂĄpmi
3535:Latin
3525:Iraqi
3465:Asian
3433:MÄori
3296:Spain
3255:Italy
3217:Welsh
3166:Irish
3122:Tatar
2983:Czech
2920:Greek
2757:Malay
2752:Khmer
2719:Tamil
2516:Iraqi
2354:Ogoni
2186:Yemen
2177:]
2069:Syria
2060:Tamil
2028:Tatar
1931:Sindh
1860:Karen
1795:Japan
1703:Tamil
1666:India
1585:Macau
1566:Bashu
1560:China
1240:S2CID
1205:S2CID
1170:S2CID
1026:4 May
1003:5 May
959:: 97.
905:JSTOR
636:S2CID
511:S2CID
430:Notes
169:Saiva
60:Hindu
4795:TELO
4785:LTTE
4780:EORS
4770:ENLF
4195:Naga
4170:Bodo
4075:Note
3460:Arab
2772:Thai
2767:Shan
2699:Naga
2679:Bodo
2573:Zaza
2501:Arab
2487:Asia
2349:Igbo
2323:Hutu
2265:Arab
2165:Cham
2018:SĂĄmi
1890:Shan
1850:Chin
1769:Iraq
1738:Iran
1724:Aceh
1698:Naga
1678:Bodo
1484:and
1412:OCLC
1402:ISBN
1385:OCLC
1375:ISBN
1358:OCLC
1348:ISBN
1331:OCLC
1321:ISBN
1304:OCLC
1294:ISBN
1277:OCLC
1267:ISBN
1125:OCLC
1115:ISBN
1074:OCLC
1064:ISBN
1042:link
1028:2008
1005:2008
976:ISBN
938:OCLC
928:ISBN
805:OCLC
795:ISBN
746:ISBN
688:ISBN
599:ISBN
577:help
539:ISBN
474:ISBN
449:ISBN
411:LTTE
367:and
162:and
2856:Laz
2762:Mon
2599:Han
1870:Mon
1232:doi
1197:doi
1162:doi
897:doi
865:doi
720:doi
628:doi
503:doi
50:of
5202::
2244:in
2175:vi
1895:Wa
1480:,
1410:.
1383:.
1356:.
1329:.
1302:.
1275:.
1238:.
1226:.
1203:.
1193:21
1191:.
1168:.
1160:.
1148:27
1146:.
1123:.
1101:^
1072:.
1050:^
1038:}}
1034:{{
936:.
903:.
893:25
891:.
877:^
861:20
859:.
847:^
803:.
779:^
769:.
732:^
716:31
714:.
702:^
648:^
634:.
624:29
622:.
585:^
568::
566:}}
562:{{
523:^
509:.
499:27
497:.
249:)
208:.
158:,
118:.
91:,
87:,
4417:e
4410:t
4403:v
4272:)
4268:(
4257:)
4253:(
4231:)
4227:(
4176:)
4172:(
4166:)
4162:(
4120:e
4113:t
4106:v
4086:.
2227:e
2220:t
2213:v
1470:e
1463:t
1456:v
1418:.
1391:.
1364:.
1337:.
1310:.
1283:.
1246:.
1234::
1228:8
1211:.
1199::
1176:.
1164::
1131:.
1095:.
1080:.
1044:)
1030:.
1007:.
984:.
944:.
911:.
899::
871:.
867::
811:.
771:2
754:.
726:.
722::
696:.
642:.
630::
607:.
579:)
575:(
547:.
517:.
505::
482:.
457:.
36:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
