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246:; and Atlanta, Georgia. As a result, they formed the Southern Regional Council (SRC), with Odum selected as its leader. The CIC was disbanded, essentially being merged with the new SRC in 1944. The SRC was formed "to attain through research and action the ideals and practices of equal opportunity for all peoples of the region."
281:, believed that the SRC should condemn the state-imposed legal segregation. In 1949 the SRC declared in a resolution that segregation "in and of itself constitutes discrimination and inequality of treatment." As a result, many whites left the SRC, resulting in a decline of membership by almost half by 1954.
218:
had started to the North and
Midwestern industrial cities, and thousands of blacks were living in new urban environments. They often had to compete with immigrants and ethnic whites for jobs and housing. In the summer of 1919, race riots erupted in numerous major cities as whites attacked blacks.
276:
Initially, Odum sought to bring about racial equality in the
Southern US by improving economic, social and political conditions. The SRC avoided taking a public stand against legal segregation, on the belief that this would hinder progress toward its economic planning goals. Critics of this
402:; the project was run by the SRC from its inception on April 1, 1962, until it was made an independent organization on June 1, 1971. The VEP did not actually register voters; instead, it acted as a conduit between
430:
died, to "recognize authors whose writing extends the legacy of this outspoken writer, educator and social critic who challenged her fellow
Southerners and all Americans on issues of social and racial justice."
390:
The SRC served as a liaison between a number of southern organizations and northern foundations, providing resources and opportunities for mutual understanding. The organization created the
219:
African-American veterans and others resisted being treated as second-class citizens and fought back, especially in
Chicago and Washington, DC, during what has been called "
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206:
The
Commission on Interracial Cooperation (CIC) was formed in 1919. The CIC formed in response to the increased tensions between white Americans and
234:, members of the CIC realized that the same problem could recur during and following that war. In 1943, leaders from the CIC, including sociologist
1724:
1615:
1035:
650:
360:, has digitally preserved the journal, described as "an alternative and groundbreaking news outlet for stories on social justice in the South."
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from thirteen southern states. Although the group was bi-racial and included both men and women, the majority of its members were white.
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560:
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1801:
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1791:
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414:; in October 1962, the Jefferson County (Alabama) Voters Campaign received assistance with a registration effort from the League.
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to try to reach people through facts and education. It published literature related to racial justice, released studies on
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1028:
223:" because of the widespread violence. Black veterans in the South were confronted with expectations they would submit to
1739:
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1699:
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215:
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176:(SRC) is a reform-oriented organization created in 1944 to avoid racial violence and promote racial equality in the
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1493:
1380:
180:. Voter registration and political-awareness campaigns are used toward this end. The SRC evolved in 1944 from the
28:
651:"Whither Southern Liberalism in the Post-Civil Rights Era? The Southern Regional Council and its Peers, 1965-1972"
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The
Council publishes various issues briefs, position papers, and legislative reviews, including the annuals
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321:, had been published by the Commission on Interracial Cooperation from January 1940 until February 1944
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drives or voting-related research. For example, the VEP funded voter-registration work by the
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Since 1944, the SRC has published some form of journal. The
Council's first publication,
998:
227:, and lynchings of black men rose after the war, including of some veterans in uniform.
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from March 1944 to
December 1945 before reformatting and renaming the publication as
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working on a voter education project at the
Southern Regional Council in 1967.
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1997:
1937:
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759:. Atlanta: The Beck Center for Electronic Collections at Emory University
680:
Commission on
Interracial Cooperation; Southern Regional Council (1969).
211:
345:. This published for ten months but ceased because of financial issues.
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461:
Dunbar, Leslie W. (January 1965). "The Southern Regional Council".
298:
994:— Emory University's digital archive of the SRC's flagship journal
2941:
975:
682:
Southern frontier. Volumes 1-6, 1940-1945. Volumes 1-6, 1940-1945
185:
159:
93:
892:
601:. Georgia Humanities Council and the University of Georgia Press
512:. Georgia Humanities Council and the University of Georgia Press
214:. Although most African Americans still lived in the South, the
3009:
262:
463:
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
1744:
426:
was established by the SRC in 1968, shortly after writer
3194:
Spring Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam
2972:"Woke Up This Morning (With My Mind Stayed On Freedom)"
3218:
African American founding fathers of the United States
1571:
Chicago Freedom Movement/Chicago open housing movement
1436:
John F. Kennedy's speech to the nation on Civil Rights
999:"Digital Collection: Southern Regional Council Papers"
394:(VEP), building on an idea from U.S. Attorney General
261:. Like the CIC before it, the SRC was a coalition of
1043:
923:
Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center
434:
1007:
Atlanta University Center Robert W. Woodruff Library
837:"The Voter Education Project Organizational Records"
771:
3266:
Emmett Till and Mamie Till-Mobley National Monument
866:
715:"Interchange: A New Magazine: our creed and hopes"
532:"Commission on Interracial Cooperation, 1919–1944"
257:political attitudes, to help black people obtain
831:
829:
406:grants and civil rights organizations conducting
289:Often partners with other groups involved in the
210:soldiers returning from fighting in Europe after
3451:
1802:Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
3460:Civil rights organizations in the United States
1792:Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
1725:Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights
1616:Green v. County School Board of New Kent County
802:
800:
673:
3271:Medgar and Myrlie Evers Home National Monument
826:
725:(1). Atlanta: Southern Regional Council: 2–3.
642:
618:
616:
555:
553:
3179:List of lynching victims in the United States
1517:Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States
1029:
561:"Southern Regional Council Papers, 1944–1968"
797:
456:
454:
3465:Organizations based in Georgia (U.S. state)
1646:Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights
860:
858:
613:
550:
524:
417:
1695:Council for United Civil Rights Leadership
1036:
1022:
941:
927:
744:
374:
341:were merged into a color glossy magazine,
3251:Birmingham Civil Rights National Monument
864:
750:
588:
586:
584:
582:
451:
3286:King Center for Nonviolent Social Change
1326:University of Georgia desegregation riot
873:. University Press of Kentucky. p.
855:
779:"Interview with the MetaArchive Project"
378:
3200:Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence
2937:"If You Miss Me at the Back of the Bus"
2932:"Ain't Gonna Let Nobody Turn Me 'Round"
785:. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress
593:Patton, Randall L. (October 12, 2007).
506:"Commission on Interracial Cooperation"
504:Pullen, Ann Ellis (December 23, 2004).
3452:
3114:African-American women in the movement
1566:White House Conference on Civil Rights
1397:"Segregation now, segregation forever"
869:Militant Mediator: Whitney M. Young Jr
712:
684:. New York: Negro Universities Press.
648:
592:
579:
503:
497:
460:
1555:Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections
1017:
706:
352:was published between 1978 and 2003.
202:Commission on Interracial Cooperation
182:Commission on Interracial Cooperation
111:Commission on Interracial Cooperation
3323:St. Augustine Foot Soldiers Monument
1787:Regional Council of Negro Leadership
1735:Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party
1681:Committee on Appeal for Human Rights
1158:Sarah Keys v. Carolina Coach Company
1083:Murders of Harry and Harriette Moore
757:The Southern Changes Digital Archive
309:for issues concerning the movement.
1730:Lowndes County Freedom Organization
1666:Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters
1336:Robert F. Kennedy's Law Day Address
13:
3174:African-American churches attacked
1740:Montgomery Improvement Association
1715:Georgia Council on Human Relations
1700:Council of Federated Organizations
1671:Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
1429:16th Street Baptist Church bombing
1387:Meredith enrollment, Ole Miss riot
1193:1957 Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom
1097:McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents
441:Georgia Council on Human Relations
435:Georgia Council on Human Relations
365:Southern States Legislative Review
277:approach, such as activist author
238:, held a series of conferences in
14:
3476:
3246:Birmingham Civil Rights Institute
3119:Jews in the civil rights movement
902:
469:(1). Sage Publications: 108–112.
3440:Civil rights movement portal
3433:
3281:Freedom Riders National Monument
3023:The Kingdom of God Is Within You
1535:1965 Selma to Montgomery marches
1494:1964 Monson Motor Lodge protests
1381:Second Emancipation Proclamation
955:Southern Regional Council papers
27:
3308:Mississippi Civil Rights Museum
3296:Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial
1772:National Council of Negro Women
1710:Deacons for Defense and Justice
751:Tullos, Allen; Hickcox, Alice.
312:
253:, particularly those with more
1188:Mansfield school desegregation
1:
3318:National Voting Rights Museum
3261:Civil Rights Movement Archive
3060:Lynching in the United States
2947:"Keep Your Eyes on the Prize"
1402:Stand in the Schoolhouse Door
1375:University of Chicago sit-ins
1142:Davis v. Prince Edward County
865:Dickerson, Dennis C. (1998).
445:
325:The SRC continued publishing
284:
3313:National Civil Rights Museum
3169:March on Washington Movement
3154:Dexter Avenue Baptist Church
1623:Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co.
982:southernchanges.blogspot.com
967:How to use archival material
655:Georgia Historical Quarterly
16:Racial equality organization
7:
2957:"This Little Light of Mine"
1705:Dallas County Voters League
1651:Atlanta Negro Voters League
1414:Letter from Birmingham Jail
1121:Brown v. Board of Education
595:"Southern Regional Council"
567:. Ann Arbor, Michigan. 2010
538:. Ann Arbor, Michigan. 2010
10:
3481:
3291:Martin Luther King Jr. Day
3159:Holt Street Baptist Church
3129:16th Street Baptist Church
2113:Annie Bell Robinson Devine
1757:Nashville Student Movement
1687:An Appeal for Human Rights
649:Miller, Steven P. (2006).
475:10.1177/000271626535700113
438:
356:, in partnership with the
199:
195:
184:. It is headquartered in
3429:
3331:
3233:
3047:
2980:
2922:
2901:
2788:Ruby Doris Smith-Robinson
2758:Modjeska Monteith Simkins
1830:
1822:Women's Political Council
1817:Wednesdays in Mississippi
1812:United Auto Workers (UAW)
1797:Southern Regional Council
1767:Northern Student Movement
1676:Committee for Freedom Now
1636:
1583:Memphis sanitation strike
1549:Voting Rights Act of 1965
1471:
1292:Savannah Protest Movement
1254:
1112:
1073:Journey of Reconciliation
1065:
1052:
949:
940:0000-0000-0000-0058
936:
918:
812:Southern Regional Council
628:Southern Regional Council
369:State of the South Report
174:Southern Regional Council
154:
142:
128:
116:
106:
86:
68:
60:
50:
35:
26:
22:Southern Regional Council
1656:Atlanta Student Movement
1605:Civil Rights Act of 1968
1530:1964–1965 Scripto strike
1511:Civil Rights Act of 1964
1409:1963 Birmingham campaign
1302:Civil Rights Act of 1960
1226:Civil Rights Act of 1957
599:New Georgia Encyclopedia
510:New Georgia Encyclopedia
424:Lillian Smith Book Award
418:Lillian Smith Book Award
337:and a companion tabloid
3208:Voter Education Project
2962:"We Shall Not Be Moved"
2623:Adam Clayton Powell Jr.
2058:Josephine Dobbs Clement
1484:Chester school protests
1479:Twenty-fourth Amendment
1441:Detroit Walk to Freedom
1183:Tallahassee bus boycott
1104:Baton Rouge bus boycott
976:www.southerncouncil.org
392:Voter Education Project
375:Voter Education Project
64:Non-profit organization
3421:Movement photographers
2663:Bernice Johnson Reagon
2383:Martin Luther King Sr.
2378:Martin Luther King Jr.
1948:William Holmes Borders
1720:Highlander Folk School
1610:Poor People's Campaign
1463:St. Augustine movement
1313:Gomillion v. Lightfoot
1236:Katz Drug Store sit-in
1207:Royal Ice Cream sit-in
1169:Montgomery bus boycott
713:Suitts, Steve (1978).
624:"SRC History Timeline"
400:Kennedy administration
387:
240:Durham, North Carolina
232:World War II
178:Southern United States
123:Southern United States
3256:Civil Rights Memorial
3144:Bethel Baptist Church
2793:Charles Kenzie Steele
2238:Audrey Faye Hendricks
2143:Myrlie Evers-Williams
2123:Patricia Stephens Due
2093:Abraham Lincoln Davis
2028:Colia Lafayette Clark
1782:Operation Breadbasket
1777:National Urban League
1524:Katzenbach v. McClung
1392:Atlanta's Berlin Wall
1045:Civil rights movement
412:National Urban League
382:
291:civil rights movement
212:World War I
3301:other King memorials
3276:Freedom Rides Museum
3213:1960s counterculture
3164:Edmund Pettus Bridge
2843:Walter Francis White
2748:Alexander D. Shimkin
1262:New Year's Day March
1231:Ministers' Manifesto
1078:Executive Order 9981
841:Emory Libraries Blog
783:Digital Preservation
3039:Mary McLeod Bethune
3000:Sermon on the Mount
2967:"We Shall Overcome"
2548:William Lewis Moore
2328:Frank Minis Johnson
2303:Richie Jean Jackson
2258:Donald L. Hollowell
2063:Charles E. Cobb Jr.
1868:Gwendolyn Armstrong
1863:William G. Anderson
1843:Victoria Gray Adams
1807:The Freedom Singers
1661:Black Panther Party
1446:March on Washington
1359:Garner v. Louisiana
1320:Boynton v. Virginia
978:— The SRC's website
358:Library of Congress
267:Christian ministers
23:
3356:Michael Eric Dyson
3241:In popular culture
3124:Fifth Circuit Four
3108:Loving v. Virginia
3101:Hernandez v. Texas
3080:Buchanan v. Warley
3072:Separate but equal
3066:Plessy v. Ferguson
3029:Frederick Douglass
2863:Robert F. Williams
2773:Kelly Miller Smith
2753:Fred Shuttlesworth
2678:Frederick D. Reese
2658:George Raymond Jr.
2648:A. Philip Randolph
2628:Fay Bellamy Powell
2543:Queen Mother Moore
2428:Z. Alexander Looby
2373:Coretta Scott King
2318:Barbara Rose Johns
2298:Jimmie Lee Jackson
2223:William E. Harbour
2003:Stokely Carmichael
1918:Randolph Blackwell
1588:King assassination
1577:Loving v. Virginia
1561:March Against Fear
1541:How Long, Not Long
1419:Children's Crusade
1370:Cambridge movement
1307:Ax Handle Saturday
1272:Greensboro sit-ins
1199:Give Us the Ballot
408:voter registration
388:
244:Richmond, Virginia
73:Racial integration
21:
3447:
3446:
3224:Eyes on the Prize
3139:A.G. Gaston Motel
3134:Kelly Ingram Park
3094:Sweatt v. Painter
2778:Mary Louise Smith
2738:Cleveland Sellers
2723:Michael Schwerner
2688:Gloria Richardson
2468:Thurgood Marshall
2388:Bernard Lafayette
2118:John Wesley Dobbs
1632:
1631:
1351:Birmingham attack
1331:Rock Hill sit-ins
1282:Sibley Commission
1277:Nashville sit-ins
1149:Gebhart v. Belton
1135:Briggs v. Elliott
1128:Bolling v. Sharpe
1089:Sweatt v. Painter
972:
971:
961:
960:
396:Robert F. Kennedy
327:Southern Frontier
319:Southern Frontier
305:, and acted as a
271:newspaper editors
170:
169:
3472:
3438:
3437:
3401:Charles M. Payne
3386:Steven F. Lawson
3376:David Halberstam
3346:Clayborne Carson
3087:Hocutt v. Wilson
3034:W. E. B. Du Bois
2883:Sammy Younge Jr.
2868:Q. V. Williamson
2833:Wyatt Tee Walker
2698:Bernice Robinson
2643:Lincoln Ragsdale
2633:Rodney N. Powell
2528:Douglas E. Moore
2403:Sanford R. Leigh
2338:J. Charles Jones
2213:Fannie Lou Hamer
2128:Joseph Ellwanger
2088:Jonathan Daniels
2078:Claudette Colvin
2068:Annie Lee Cooper
2053:Kathleen Cleaver
2048:Eldridge Cleaver
2023:Shirley Chisholm
1913:Gloria Blackwell
1504:workers' murders
1451:"I Have a Dream"
1346:Anniston bombing
1297:Greenville Eight
1212:Little Rock Nine
1175:Browder v. Gayle
1063:
1062:
1038:
1031:
1024:
1015:
1014:
1010:
992:Southern Changes
988:, the SRC's blog
957:
945:
932:
931:
916:
915:
907:
906:
897:
896:
872:
862:
853:
852:
850:
848:
843:. March 14, 2011
833:
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719:Southern Changes
710:
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494:
458:
354:Emory University
350:Southern Changes
348:The SRC journal
166:
163:
162:.southerncouncil
161:
46:
44:
31:
24:
20:
3480:
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3475:
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3449:
3448:
3443:
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3425:
3406:Thomas E. Ricks
3396:Diane McWhorter
3381:Vincent Harding
3366:Adam Fairclough
3333:
3327:
3229:
3184:Freedom Schools
3043:
2976:
2924:
2918:
2909:Omaha, Nebraska
2897:
2813:Hartman Turnbow
2803:Dorothy Tillman
2763:Glenn E. Smiley
2743:Charles Sherrod
2703:Jo Ann Robinson
2578:Charles Neblett
2568:Elijah Muhammad
2533:Harriette Moore
2493:Floyd McKissick
2478:Franklin McCain
2413:Stanley Levison
2278:T. R. M. Howard
2228:Vincent Harding
2158:Walter Fauntroy
2043:Xernona Clayton
1993:John H. Calhoun
1978:Aurelia Browder
1968:Stanley Branche
1963:Raylawni Branch
1943:Joseph E. Boone
1928:Ezell Blair Jr.
1923:Unita Blackwell
1898:Harry Belafonte
1838:Ralph Abernathy
1826:
1762:Nation of Islam
1638:
1628:
1467:
1424:Birmingham riot
1365:Albany Movement
1287:Atlanta sit-ins
1267:Sit-in movement
1250:
1246:Biloxi wade-ins
1218:Cooper v. Aaron
1108:
1054:
1048:
1042:
997:
986:southernchanges
953:
926:
905:
900:
885:
863:
856:
846:
844:
835:
834:
827:
817:
815:
806:
805:
798:
788:
786:
777:
776:
772:
762:
760:
749:
745:
735:
733:
711:
707:
692:
678:
674:
664:
662:
647:
643:
633:
631:
622:
621:
614:
604:
602:
591:
580:
570:
568:
559:
558:
551:
541:
539:
530:
529:
525:
515:
513:
502:
498:
459:
452:
448:
443:
437:
420:
377:
343:Southern Voices
315:
293:, the SRC used
287:
216:Great Migration
204:
198:
158:
145:
119:
102:
42:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3478:
3468:
3467:
3462:
3445:
3444:
3430:
3427:
3426:
3424:
3423:
3418:
3416:Akinyele Umoja
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3337:
3335:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3304:
3303:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3237:
3235:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3204:
3203:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3104:
3097:
3090:
3083:
3076:
3075:
3074:
3062:
3057:
3051:
3049:
3045:
3044:
3042:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3019:
3018:
3017:
3012:
3005:Mahatma Gandhi
3002:
2997:
2996:
2995:
2984:
2982:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2928:
2926:
2920:
2919:
2917:
2916:
2914:South Carolina
2911:
2905:
2903:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2853:Hosea Williams
2850:
2845:
2840:
2838:Hollis Watkins
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2768:A. Maceo Smith
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2718:Bernie Sanders
2715:
2710:
2708:Angela Russell
2705:
2700:
2695:
2693:David Richmond
2690:
2685:
2683:Walter Reuther
2680:
2675:
2670:
2668:Cordell Reagon
2665:
2660:
2655:
2653:George Raymond
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2613:Charles Person
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2583:Huey P. Newton
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2538:Harry T. Moore
2535:
2530:
2525:
2523:Cecil B. Moore
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2503:James Meredith
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2333:Clarence Jones
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2273:Zilphia Horton
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2243:Lola Hendricks
2240:
2235:
2233:Dorothy Height
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2203:Lawrence Guyot
2200:
2195:
2193:Jack Greenberg
2190:
2185:
2180:
2178:Andrew Goodman
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2103:Joseph DeLaine
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2073:Dorothy Cotton
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2018:J. L. Chestnut
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1953:Amelia Boynton
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1873:Arnold Aronson
1870:
1865:
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1855:
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1551:
1546:
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1544:
1532:
1527:
1520:
1513:
1508:
1507:
1506:
1499:Freedom Summer
1496:
1491:
1489:Bloody Tuesday
1486:
1481:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1460:
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1458:
1453:
1443:
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1338:
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1101:
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1080:
1075:
1069:
1067:
1060:
1050:
1049:
1041:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1018:
1012:
1011:
995:
989:
979:
970:
969:
963:
962:
959:
958:
951:
947:
946:
938:
934:
933:
920:
912:
911:
904:
903:External links
901:
899:
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672:
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612:
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439:Main article:
436:
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376:
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303:race relations
295:communications
286:
283:
249:The SRC urged
236:Howard W. Odum
197:
194:
168:
167:
156:
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146:
143:
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139:
137:Communications
130:
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77:Race relations
70:
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55:Howard W. Odum
52:
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37:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3477:
3466:
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3457:
3455:
3442:
3441:
3436:
3428:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3411:Timothy Tyson
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
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3392:
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3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
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3367:
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3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3341:Taylor Branch
3339:
3338:
3336:
3330:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3302:
3299:
3298:
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3287:
3284:
3282:
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3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
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3244:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3226:
3225:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3201:
3197:
3196:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3189:Freedom songs
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
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3150:
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3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3109:
3105:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3096:
3095:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3070:
3069:
3068:
3067:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3055:Jim Crow laws
3053:
3052:
3050:
3046:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3007:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2979:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2952:"Oh, Freedom"
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2929:
2927:
2921:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2900:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2878:Whitney Young
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2858:Kale Williams
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2818:Albert Turner
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2808:A. P. Tureaud
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
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2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2713:Bayard Rustin
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
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2674:
2671:
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2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2563:William Moyer
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2498:Joseph McNeil
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2483:Charles McDew
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2473:Benjamin Mays
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2458:Vivian Malone
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2433:Joseph Lowery
2431:
2429:
2426:
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2414:
2411:
2409:
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2401:
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2386:
2384:
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2379:
2376:
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2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2358:Clyde Kennard
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2348:Vernon Jordan
2346:
2344:
2343:Matthew Jones
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
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2316:
2314:
2311:
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2308:T. J. Jemison
2306:
2304:
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2293:Jesse Jackson
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2206:
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2199:
2196:
2194:
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2189:
2186:
2184:
2183:Robert Graetz
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2173:Golden Frinks
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2133:Charles Evers
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2083:Vernon Dahmer
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
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2041:
2039:
2038:Septima Clark
2036:
2034:
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2024:
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2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
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1958:Bruce Boynton
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1853:Mathew Ahmann
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3351:John Dittmer
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3149:Brown Chapel
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2873:Andrew Young
2828:A. T. Walden
2823:C. T. Vivian
2783:Maxine Smith
2618:Homer Plessy
2598:James Orange
2553:Irene Morgan
2508:William Ming
2488:Ralph McGill
2423:Viola Liuzzo
2408:Jim Letherer
2393:James Lawson
2323:Vernon Johns
2313:Esau Jenkins
2268:Myles Horton
2218:Fred Hampton
2208:Prathia Hall
2198:Dick Gregory
2168:Marie Foster
2163:James Forman
2153:James Farmer
2138:Medgar Evers
2098:Angela Davis
2033:Ramsey Clark
2013:James Chaney
2008:Johnnie Carr
1988:Ralph Bunche
1983:H. Rap Brown
1973:Ruby Bridges
1933:Joanne Bland
1908:Claude Black
1888:Marion Barry
1858:Muhammad Ali
1796:
1685:
1621:
1614:
1575:
1553:
1522:
1515:
1357:
1318:
1311:
1241:Kissing Case
1216:
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1126:
1119:
1095:
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1002:
985:
868:
847:December 30,
845:. Retrieved
840:
816:. Retrieved
811:
787:. Retrieved
782:
773:
761:. Retrieved
756:
746:
734:. Retrieved
722:
718:
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681:
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665:February 15,
663:. Retrieved
661:(4): 547–568
658:
654:
644:
632:. Retrieved
627:
603:. Retrieved
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569:. Retrieved
564:
540:. Retrieved
535:
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514:. Retrieved
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368:
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362:
349:
347:
342:
338:
334:
333:. In 1974,
330:
326:
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318:
316:
313:Publications
288:
275:
259:equal rights
248:
229:
205:
173:
171:
133:Philanthropy
118:Area served
18:
3391:Doug McAdam
3361:Chuck Fager
2988:Nonviolence
2893:James Zwerg
2888:Bob Zellner
2848:Roy Wilkins
2798:Hank Thomas
2733:Pete Seeger
2728:Bobby Seale
2593:Jack O'Dell
2588:Edgar Nixon
2518:Amzie Moore
2513:Jack Minnis
2453:Mae Mallory
2438:Clara Luper
2398:Bernard Lee
2288:Cecil Ivory
2283:Ruby Hurley
2253:Oliver Hill
2248:Aaron Henry
2148:Chuck Fager
2108:Dave Dennis
1998:Guy Carawan
1938:Julian Bond
1903:James Bevel
1893:Daisy Bates
1164:Emmett Till
1047:(1954–1968)
937:Identifiers
910:Archives at
818:October 25,
789:October 25,
763:October 25,
736:October 25,
634:October 24,
605:October 24,
571:October 24,
542:October 24,
516:October 12,
398:during the
339:South Today
3454:Categories
3334:historians
3015:Satyagraha
2981:Influences
2673:James Reeb
2608:James Peck
2603:Rosa Parks
2573:Diane Nash
2443:Danny Lyon
2418:John Lewis
2363:A. D. King
2263:James Hood
1878:Ella Baker
1848:Zev Aelony
808:"Programs"
753:"Overview"
446:References
307:think tank
285:Activities
221:Red Summer
200:See also:
144:Key people
2993:Padayatra
2942:"Kumbaya"
2902:By region
2558:Bob Moses
2463:Bob Mants
2448:Malcolm X
2368:C.B. King
2188:Fred Gray
1831:Activists
1472:1964–1968
1255:1960–1963
1113:1954–1959
814:. Atlanta
731:0193-2446
630:. Atlanta
491:145120160
335:New South
331:New South
2923:Movement
2353:Tom Kahn
1637:Activist
1057:timeline
919:Location
893:97043456
700:26109050
565:ProQuest
536:ProQuest
299:analysis
87:Location
3048:Related
2638:Al Raby
1593:funeral
1456:Big Six
483:1035897
263:lawyers
255:liberal
230:During
196:History
190:Georgia
186:Atlanta
155:Website
107:Origins
98:Georgia
94:Atlanta
51:Founder
41: (
36:Founded
3234:Legacy
3010:Ahimsa
1639:groups
1100:(1950)
1092:(1950)
1053:Events
950:Source
925:
891:
881:
729:
698:
688:
489:
481:
269:, and
251:whites
129:Method
79:, and
3332:Noted
2925:songs
1745:NAACP
1598:riots
1003:RADAR
487:S2CID
479:JSTOR
208:black
69:Focus
889:LCCN
879:ISBN
849:2019
820:2010
791:2010
765:2010
738:2010
727:ISSN
696:OCLC
686:ISBN
667:2018
636:2010
607:2010
573:2010
544:2010
518:2010
422:The
367:and
297:and
172:The
164:.org
135:and
61:Type
43:1944
39:1944
875:244
471:doi
467:357
160:www
3456::
1005:.
1001:.
984:—
887:.
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857:^
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659:90
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453:^
371:.
265:,
242:;
192:.
188:,
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638:.
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473::
323:.
45:)
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