1143:
1437:
1305:
1104:
226:) or later from member states of the German Confederation, had usually remained free peasants, causing their stronger representation within the eight members elected by peasants, of a total of 48. With regard to ethnicity, most of the nobility representatives were Polish, peasantry representatives were balanced, and the townsfolk representatives were mostly German. The first sejm included 22 Poles and 26 Germans, and most of the subsequent elections produced an almost even split between the Poles and the Germans. A major issue of the Sejm was the
246:, who predicted that this movement would abolish the Grand Duchy's autonomy. During the two or so decades of its existence, the major issues of concern of the Sejm were the abolition of serfdom and relations between the inhabitants of Polish and German ethnicity, particularly the discrimination against the Poles by the Prussian government, which increasingly excluded the Polish majority from administration and judiciary. The last petition issued by the Sejm in 1841 demanded equal rights for the Poles and stopping of the
1567:
1387:
301:, with 24 men to represent the landed nobility (nobles not holding a feudal fief manor were excluded, if they owned private land or urban real estate, they would qualify for the election of one of the two other benches), 16 being elected by the cities' burghers, if they owned real estate, and eight by landed free peasants. Similarly, certain levels of wealth were required for election of the peasantry representatives.
304:
Deputies term of office was set for 6 years, with elections for the half of the deputies held every three years. For the first renewal election the to-be-replaced or reelected members had been chosen by lot. The Sejm was to meet every two years, but in reality the gatherings happened less often,
238:
notes that due to growing discrimination against Polish representatives that date marks the end of the period in which this legislative body can be seen as continuing the Polish parliamentary tradition. Also, while the proceedings of the first sejms were published in Polish, after 1877 they were
534:
The Sejm had mostly advisory powers, although it could legislate on some strictly local matters, such as communal self-government and spending of some local taxes. It could opine legal acts relevant to the Grand Duchy. Its deputies had the right to file petitions and complaints to the King of
221:
So immigrants who had newly acquired land were not enfranchised; neither were most of the rural ethnically Polish farmers, who still held land by way of lease or feudal fief only like serfs or vassals of their landlords, unlike
Prussia proper where serfdom had been abolished in 1807 and 1810.
233:
The Grand Duchy's population was 65% Polish but with its exclusion of serfs and underrepresentation of landless rural commoners the electoral law was designed to favor the German inhabitants. The proportion of Polish representatives diminished further after the events of 1848, and
218:, the Sejm of the Grand Duchy was the last vestige of the Polish parliamentary tradition on Polish soil. Only Christian men owning landed property for at least ten years were enfranchised to vote. Until 1869 Jews generally remained excluded, unlike in Prussia proper.
258:. The Sejm met the total of seven times before the revolutions of 1848 (in 1827, 1830, 1834, 1837, 1841, 1843 and 1845). Following the revolutions, the Sejm of the Grand Duchy, like other provincial Prussian assemblies, gained the right to elect deputies to the
269:, popular protests against the electoral law discriminating against Poles led to new elections in 1918, in which 521 deputies were elected in the Grand Duchy; that Sejm would support the integration of the Grand Duchy territories to the newly formed
289:
the grand duke and of at least 30 years of age were enfranchised to vote. For the nobility deputies, initially two, later four deputies held their seats due to privileges tied with other aristocratic status (heads of Grand Duchy
341:
1360:
1344:
1352:
1336:
435:
535:
Prussia, who could consent or reject (as was often the case) the Sejm proposals. Proposals from and to the King required a two-thirds majority; other proposals required a simple majority.
521:
470:
345:
330:
395:
415:
356:
1685:
1524:
460:
367:
480:
1500:
1484:
1468:
455:
445:
1540:
1532:
1516:
1508:
1492:
1476:
505:
425:
430:
405:
250:
campaign. As most of the Sejm petitions were simply ignored by the King of
Prussia, this contributed to dissent in the province, which eventually resulted in
516:
681:
1614:
1598:
1142:
298:
1606:
1590:
450:
400:
500:
1662:
1436:
495:
1654:
1103:
1743:
242:
The political factions of the sejm were divided between liberals, supporting the German constitutional movement, and conservatives, like
1304:
1733:
1328:
1738:
1368:
255:
230:, which would enlarge the number of Polish speaking landowners and after ten years allow their participation in Sejm elections.
1718:
1040:
1003:
959:
922:
885:
848:
806:
762:
644:
600:
1646:
1638:
1630:
1622:
490:
485:
243:
1152:
1113:
678:
207:
in its name. The Sejm met for the first time on 24 December 1827. The second sejm session begun on 30 January 1830.
350:
335:
1081:
720:
1446:
251:
227:
199:
in 1823, with specific decrees defining its competences in 1826. The parliament carried the traditions of the
1728:
1410:
1127:
1697:
88:
361:
1255:
510:
326:
211:
372:
1418:
1396:
1178:
266:
440:
1263:
1186:
1460:
1314:
270:
410:
1566:
1386:
420:
1242:
390:
188:
132:
143:. It existed from 1823 to 1918. In the history of the Polish parliament, it succeeded the
8:
1693:
1279:
1074:
1032:
Constitutions, elections, and legislatures of Poland, 1493–1977: a guide to their history
995:
Constitutions, elections, and legislatures of Poland, 1493–1977: a guide to their history
951:
Constitutions, elections, and legislatures of Poland, 1493–1977: a guide to their history
914:
Constitutions, elections, and legislatures of Poland, 1493–1977: a guide to their history
877:
Constitutions, elections, and legislatures of Poland, 1493–1977: a guide to their history
840:
Constitutions, elections, and legislatures of Poland, 1493–1977: a guide to their history
798:
Constitutions, elections, and legislatures of Poland, 1493–1977: a guide to their history
754:
Constitutions, elections, and legislatures of Poland, 1493–1977: a guide to their history
636:
Constitutions, elections, and legislatures of Poland, 1493–1977: a guide to their history
592:
Constitutions, elections, and legislatures of Poland, 1493–1977: a guide to their history
465:
314:
259:
475:
184:
176:
172:
152:
1036:
999:
955:
918:
881:
844:
802:
758:
640:
596:
215:
136:
114:
1287:
1026:
989:
945:
908:
871:
834:
792:
748:
630:
586:
262:. The Sejm continued its sessions till 1918, with a total of 49 Sejms being held.
235:
1030:
993:
949:
912:
875:
838:
796:
752:
634:
590:
318:
192:
180:
120:
109:
1202:
1067:
286:
168:
1723:
1712:
1548:
1445:
685:
247:
16:
Parliament in the 19th century Grand Duchy of Posen and the
Province of Posen
679:„Die Einführung der preußischen Verwaltung im Großherzogtum Posen 1815-1830“
549:
144:
78:
1218:
1194:
1170:
1151:
1210:
282:
196:
128:
45:
724:
297:
The sejm had 48 deputies. The representatives were grouped into three
1166:
Only a limited number of individual sejms of this era is listed here
140:
1059:
1395:
544:
291:
285:. Only Christian men subject to no other monarch but the king in
223:
156:
1689:
1576:
1313:
1094:
689:
305:
between every two and three years. Sessions lasted two months.
200:
148:
1575:
155:. Originally retaining a Polish character, it acquired a more
1241:
385:
Notable politicians of the Sejm of the Grand Duchy included:
1112:
1090:
313:
One of the noble representatives held the position of the
222:
Immigrant farmers from the Holy Roman Empire (such as the
203:
of
Greater Poland, and insisted on using the Polish word
325:). Marshals of the Sejm of the Grand Duchy included
1019:
984:
982:
980:
978:
159:character in the second half of the 19th century.
829:
827:
825:
787:
785:
783:
781:
743:
741:
625:
623:
621:
619:
581:
579:
577:
575:
573:
571:
569:
567:
565:
294:families), the rest were elected by landholders.
1710:
673:
671:
669:
667:
665:
663:
975:
938:
718:
901:
864:
822:
778:
738:
616:
562:
1075:
1025:
988:
944:
907:
870:
833:
791:
747:
660:
629:
585:
1082:
1068:
342:Rudolf Hiller von Gaertringen (1801–1866)
195:gave the Grand Duchy the right to call a
256:revolutions of 1848 in the German states
691:Polen Didaktik: Wissenschaft und Praxis
308:
1711:
714:
712:
710:
708:
706:
704:
702:
700:
1063:
187:, where it became reorganized as the
436:Heinrich von Heydebrand und der Lasa
329:(the speaker of the first sejm) and
125:Sejm Wielkiego Księstwa Poznańskiego
29:Sejm Wielkiego Księstwa Poznańskiego
1089:
697:
13:
1744:Historical legislatures in Germany
380:
357:JĂłzef Ignacy Grabowski Goetzendorf
151:on part of the territories of the
14:
1755:
1272:Sejm of the Grand Duchy of Posen
721:"Poznańczyk - z pasją o Poznaniu"
210:Following the suppression of the
1734:1918 disestablishments in Poland
1686:Members from KrakĂłw constituency
1565:
1435:
1385:
1303:
1141:
1102:
723:. Poznanczyk.com. Archived from
179:, when it was detached from the
106:Sejm of the Grand Duchy of Posen
25:Sejm of the Grand Duchy of Posen
1739:Defunct unicameral legislatures
1035:. EJJ Books. pp. 239–241.
694:, retrieved on 4 February 2013.
340:, marshall as of 1874, further
1411:Home Political Representation
529:
276:
1:
1719:1823 establishments in Poland
1128:Sejm of the Kingdom of Poland
555:
522:Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst
346:Stephan von Dziembowski-Bomst
331:Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst
1256:Sejm of the Duchy of Warsaw
396:Theodor von Bethmann-Hollweg
28:
7:
1549:Tenth Term (Contract) Sejm
1447:People's Republic of Poland
538:
491:Bogusław Fryderyk Radziwiłł
212:Sejm of the Congress Poland
10:
1760:
1419:Council of National Unity
998:. EJJ Books. p. 238.
954:. EJJ Books. p. 237.
917:. EJJ Books. p. 236.
880:. EJJ Books. p. 430.
843:. EJJ Books. p. 234.
801:. EJJ Books. p. 235.
757:. EJJ Books. p. 231.
639:. EJJ Books. p. 233.
595:. EJJ Books. p. 230.
524:, Sejm Marshall as of 1874
513:, Sejm Marshall as of 1824
162:
1678:
1564:
1434:
1384:
1302:
1234:
1140:
1101:
117:des GroĂźherzogthums Posen
94:
84:
74:
66:
58:
53:
39:
34:
23:
1397:Polish Underground State
1264:Sejm of Congress Poland
719:Maciej Szewczyk (2006).
471:Władysław M. Niegolewski
267:aftermath of World War I
214:in the aftermath of the
1461:State National Council
461:Franciczek von Morawski
1315:Second Polish Republic
511:Antoni Paweł Sułkowski
327:Antoni Paweł Sułkowski
322:
271:Second Polish Republic
124:
113:
441:Stanisław Kurnatowski
426:Dagobert Friedlaender
239:published in German.
1729:Grand Duchy of Posen
1280:Sejm of the Estates
481:Heinrich von PĂĽckler
416:Stanisław Chłapowski
406:Julian von Chelmicki
391:Lewin Louis Aronsohn
309:Marshals of the Sejm
254:in the midst of the
228:abolition of serfdom
189:Grand Duchy of Posen
133:Grand Duchy of Posen
131:in the 19th century
1698:Seimas of Lithuania
1694:Seimas of Lithuania
466:Andrzej Niegolewski
446:Mieczysław Kwilecki
411:Dezydery Chłapowski
315:Marshal of the Sejm
260:Prussian Parliament
252:an uprising in 1848
1639:Seventh Term Sejm
1577:Republic of Poland
1525:Seventh Term Sejm
1243:Partitioned Poland
1179:Pacification Sejm
517:Hippolyt von Turno
476:Gustaw Potworowski
431:JĂłzef I. Grabowski
368:Stanisław Poniński
323:Landtags-Marschall
177:Congress of Vienna
173:Kingdom of Prussia
153:Prussian partition
1706:
1705:
1674:
1673:
1666:
1658:
1650:
1647:Eighth Term Sejm
1642:
1634:
1626:
1618:
1615:Fourth Term Sejm
1610:
1602:
1599:Second Term Sejm
1594:
1583:
1560:
1559:
1552:
1544:
1536:
1528:
1520:
1512:
1504:
1501:Fourth Term Sejm
1496:
1488:
1485:Second Term Sejm
1480:
1472:
1469:Legislative Sejm
1464:
1453:
1430:
1429:
1422:
1414:
1403:
1380:
1379:
1372:
1364:
1361:Fourth Term Sejm
1356:
1348:
1345:Second Term Sejm
1340:
1332:
1329:Legislative Sejm
1321:
1298:
1297:
1291:
1288:Sejm of the Land
1283:
1275:
1267:
1259:
1249:
1230:
1229:
1222:
1214:
1206:
1198:
1190:
1187:Convocation Sejm
1182:
1174:
1160:
1153:Polish–Lithuanian
1136:
1135:
1120:
1114:Kingdom of Poland
1042:978-0-7818-0637-4
1005:978-0-7818-0637-4
961:978-0-7818-0637-4
924:978-0-7818-0637-4
887:978-0-7818-0637-4
850:978-0-7818-0637-4
808:978-0-7818-0637-4
764:978-0-7818-0637-4
677:Jerzy Kozłowski,
646:978-0-7818-0637-4
602:978-0-7818-0637-4
456:Maciej Mielżyński
216:November Uprising
137:Province of Posen
115:Provinziallandtag
102:
101:
85:Succeeded by
1751:
1664:
1663:Tenth Term Sejm
1656:
1655:Ninth Term Sejm
1648:
1640:
1632:
1631:Sixth Term Sejm
1624:
1623:Fifth Term Sejm
1616:
1608:
1607:Third Term Sejm
1600:
1592:
1591:First Term Sejm
1584:
1581:
1573:
1572:
1569:
1550:
1542:
1541:Ninth Term Sejm
1534:
1533:Eight Term Sejm
1526:
1518:
1517:Sixth Term Sejm
1510:
1509:Fifth Term Sejm
1502:
1494:
1493:Third Term Sejm
1486:
1478:
1477:First Term Sejm
1470:
1462:
1454:
1451:
1443:
1442:
1439:
1420:
1412:
1404:
1401:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1370:
1369:Fifth Term Sejm
1362:
1354:
1353:Third Term Sejm
1346:
1338:
1337:First Term Sejm
1330:
1322:
1319:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1289:
1281:
1273:
1265:
1257:
1250:
1247:
1239:
1238:
1220:
1212:
1204:
1196:
1188:
1180:
1172:
1161:
1158:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1121:
1118:
1110:
1109:
1106:
1084:
1077:
1070:
1061:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1012:
986:
973:
972:
970:
968:
942:
936:
935:
933:
931:
905:
899:
898:
896:
894:
868:
862:
861:
859:
857:
831:
820:
819:
817:
815:
789:
776:
775:
773:
771:
745:
736:
735:
733:
732:
716:
695:
675:
658:
657:
655:
653:
627:
614:
613:
611:
609:
583:
486:Edward Raczyński
421:Tytus Działyński
376:
365:
354:
339:
244:Edward Raczyński
185:given to Prussia
171:was acquired by
167:The province of
89:Legislative Sejm
75:Preceded by
21:
20:
1759:
1758:
1754:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1709:
1708:
1707:
1702:
1670:
1580:
1579:
1556:
1450:
1449:
1426:
1400:
1399:
1376:
1318:
1317:
1294:
1246:
1245:
1226:
1203:Partition Sejm
1167:
1157:
1154:
1132:
1117:
1116:
1097:
1088:
1058:
1057:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1024:
1020:
1010:
1008:
1006:
987:
976:
966:
964:
962:
943:
939:
929:
927:
925:
906:
902:
892:
890:
888:
869:
865:
855:
853:
851:
832:
823:
813:
811:
809:
790:
779:
769:
767:
765:
746:
739:
730:
728:
717:
698:
676:
661:
651:
649:
647:
628:
617:
607:
605:
603:
584:
563:
558:
541:
532:
527:
451:Wojciech Lipski
401:Walther Buresch
383:
381:Notable members
370:
359:
348:
333:
311:
279:
193:King of Prussia
181:Duchy of Warsaw
165:
49:
48:
30:
27:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1757:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1668:
1665:(2023–present)
1660:
1652:
1644:
1636:
1628:
1620:
1612:
1604:
1596:
1587:
1585:
1570:
1562:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1546:
1538:
1530:
1522:
1514:
1506:
1498:
1490:
1482:
1474:
1466:
1457:
1455:
1440:
1432:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1424:
1416:
1407:
1405:
1390:
1382:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1374:
1366:
1358:
1350:
1342:
1334:
1325:
1323:
1308:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1285:
1277:
1269:
1261:
1253:
1251:
1236:
1232:
1231:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1224:
1216:
1208:
1200:
1192:
1184:
1176:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1146:
1138:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1130:
1124:
1122:
1107:
1099:
1098:
1087:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1064:
1056:
1055:
1041:
1018:
1004:
974:
960:
937:
923:
900:
886:
863:
849:
821:
807:
777:
763:
737:
696:
684:2013-02-17 at
659:
645:
615:
601:
560:
559:
557:
554:
553:
552:
547:
540:
537:
531:
528:
526:
525:
519:
514:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
387:
382:
379:
310:
307:
287:personal union
278:
275:
201:General Sejmik
175:following the
169:Greater Poland
164:
161:
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
71:
68:
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
51:
50:
44:
43:
41:
37:
36:
32:
31:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1756:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1677:
1667:
1661:
1659:
1653:
1651:
1645:
1643:
1637:
1635:
1629:
1627:
1621:
1619:
1613:
1611:
1605:
1603:
1597:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1578:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1563:
1553:
1547:
1545:
1539:
1537:
1531:
1529:
1523:
1521:
1515:
1513:
1507:
1505:
1499:
1497:
1491:
1489:
1483:
1481:
1475:
1473:
1467:
1465:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1433:
1423:
1417:
1415:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1398:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1383:
1373:
1367:
1365:
1359:
1357:
1351:
1349:
1343:
1341:
1335:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1301:
1292:
1286:
1284:
1278:
1276:
1270:
1268:
1262:
1260:
1254:
1252:
1244:
1240:
1237:
1233:
1223:
1217:
1215:
1209:
1207:
1201:
1199:
1193:
1191:
1185:
1183:
1177:
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1582:(since 1990)
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1219:Grodno Sejm
1195:Repnin Sejm
1171:Silent Sejm
1155:Commonwealth
1046:. Retrieved
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1021:
1009:. Retrieved
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965:. Retrieved
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725:the original
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145:general sejm
141:Poznań/Posen
139:, seated in
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103:
79:General Sejm
18:
1657:(2019–2023)
1609:(1997–2001)
1290:(1861–1918)
1282:(1775–1845)
1274:(1823–1918)
1248:(1795–1918)
1211:Great Sejm
1159:(1569–1795)
1119:(1385–1569)
530:Competences
496:Emil Ritter
371: [
360: [
349: [
334: [
277:Composition
98:48 deputies
1713:Categories
731:2012-10-23
556:References
317:(speaker;
283:unicameral
197:parliament
147:and local
129:parliament
127:) was the
46:Unicameral
1649:(2015–19)
1641:(2011–15)
1633:(2007–11)
1625:(2005–07)
1617:(2001–05)
1601:(1993–97)
1593:(1991–93)
1543:(1985–89)
1535:(1980–85)
1527:(1976–80)
1519:(1972–76)
1511:(1969–72)
1503:(1965–69)
1495:(1961–65)
1487:(1957–61)
1479:(1952–56)
1471:(1947–52)
1463:(1943–47)
1452:(1945–89)
1421:(1944–45)
1413:(1943–44)
1402:(1939–45)
1371:(1938–39)
1363:(1935–38)
1355:(1930–35)
1347:(1928–30)
1339:(1922–27)
1331:(1919–22)
1320:(1918–39)
1266:(1815–31)
1258:(1809–12)
1213:(1788–91)
1205:(1773–75)
1197:(1767–68)
1048:13 August
1011:13 August
967:13 August
930:13 August
893:13 August
856:13 August
814:13 August
770:13 August
652:13 August
608:13 August
67:Disbanded
1682:See also
1029:(1998).
992:(1998).
948:(1998).
911:(1998).
874:(1998).
837:(1998).
795:(1998).
751:(1998).
682:Archived
633:(1998).
589:(1998).
539:See also
135:and the
545:Landtag
299:benches
292:magnate
265:In the
224:Bambrzy
163:History
59:Founded
54:History
1690:Sejmik
1551:(1989)
1235:
1221:(1793)
1189:(1764)
1181:(1736)
1173:(1717)
1095:Poland
1039:
1002:
958:
921:
884:
847:
805:
761:
643:
599:
319:German
191:. The
157:German
149:sejmik
121:Polish
110:German
1091:Sejms
375:]
364:]
353:]
338:]
95:Seats
1724:Sejm
1050:2011
1037:ISBN
1013:2011
1000:ISBN
969:2011
956:ISBN
932:2011
919:ISBN
895:2011
882:ISBN
858:2011
845:ISBN
816:2011
803:ISBN
772:2011
759:ISBN
654:2011
641:ISBN
610:2011
597:ISBN
205:sejm
183:and
104:The
70:1918
62:1826
40:Type
35:Type
1093:of
1715::
1696:,
1692:,
1688:,
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373:pl
366:,
362:pl
355:,
351:de
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108:(
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