505:
408:
327:, although three maritime sites have been designated as scheduled monuments. In Scotland new powers for protection of the marine heritage, better integrated with other maritime conservation powers, have been given by the Marine (Scotland) Act 2010. It is intended that the marine scheduled monuments will be protected by this new Act. The Historic Environment (Amendment) (Scotland) Act, which amended the 1979 Act, was passed into law in 2011.
177:, was involved in surveying the scheduled sites and persuading landowners to offer sites to the state. The act also established the concept of guardianship, in which a site might remain in private ownership, but the monument itself become the responsibility of the state, as guardian. However the legislation could not compel landowners, as that level of state interference with private property was not politically possible. The
31:
706:
445:
273:
government states that it remains committed to heritage protection legislation reform, even though the draft
Heritage Protection Bill 2008, which proposed a single 'register' that included scheduled monuments and listed buildings, was abandoned to make room in the parliamentary legislative programme for measures to deal with the credit crunch.
79:(which fall within the town and country planning system). A heritage asset is a part of the historic environment that is valued because of its historic, archaeological, architectural or artistic interest. Only some of these are judged to be important enough to have extra legal protection through designation.
307:). World Heritage Sites, conservation areas and protected landscapes can also contain both scheduled monuments and listed buildings. Where a heritage asset is both scheduled and listed, many provisions of the listing legislation are dis-applied (for example those relating to building preservation notices).
394:
There is no appeal against the scheduling process and adding a monument to the schedule may be a process requiring a great deal of research and consideration. The process can be accelerated for sites under threat, however. In
England, Historic England gathers information on a site, defines a boundary
330:
Wider areas can be protected by designating their locations as Areas of
Archaeological Importance (AAI) under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979. As of 2011, only five city centres in England have been designated as AAIs (Canterbury, Chester, Exeter, Hereford and York). This part
460:
Historic
England, Historic Environment Scotland and Cadw monitor the condition of scheduled monuments. They encourage owners to maintain scheduled monuments in good condition by using sympathetic land uses, for example restricting stock levels or controlling undergrowth which can damage archaeology
310:
In
England, Scotland and Wales, protection of monuments can also be given by another process, additional to or separate from scheduling, taking the monument into state ownership or placing it under guardianship, classifying it as a guardianship monument under the terms of Section 12 of the 1979 Act
440:
Despite perceptions to the contrary, only a very small proportion of applications for scheduled monument consent are refused. In
Scotland in the ten years from 1995 to 2005, out of 2,156 applications, only 16 were refused. Development close to a scheduled monument which might damage its setting is
201:
Scheduling offers protection because it makes it illegal to undertake a great range of 'works' within a designated area, without first obtaining 'scheduled monument consent'. However, it does not affect the owner's freehold title or other legal interests in the land, nor does it give the general
181:
extended the scope of the legislation to include medieval monuments. Pressure grew for stronger legislation. In a speech in 1907, Robert Hunter, chairman of the
National Trust, observed that only a further 18 sites had been added to the original list of 68. 'Scheduling' in the modern sense only
283:
The wide range of legislation means that the terminology describing how historic sites are protected varies according to the type of heritage asset. Monuments are "scheduled", buildings are "listed", whilst battlefields, parks and gardens are "registered", and historic wrecks are "protected".
272:
which obliges it to have a legal system to protect archaeological heritage on land and under water. The body of designation legislation used for legally protecting heritage assets from damage and destruction is complex, and dates back to 1882. There have been many revisions since, and the UK
483:, scheduled monuments, registered parks and gardens, registered battlefields, protected wreck sites and conservation areas. The register is compiled by survey by a range of heritage groups including Natural England, the Forestry Commission, local authorities, national park authorities, the
319:
in St
Andrews). The latter meaning that the owner retains possession, while the appropriate national heritage body maintains it and (usually) opens it to the public. All monuments in guardianship on the passing of the 1979 Act were automatically included in the 'schedule'.
429:
Do any "works" which would demolish, damage, remove, repair, add or alter it (including agriculture, forestry, flooding and tipping) without previous permission from the
Secretary of State or devolved equivalent, given through formal written "scheduled monument
202:
public any new rights of public access. The process of scheduling does not automatically imply that the monument is being poorly managed or that it is under threat, nor does it impose a legal obligation to undertake any additional management of the monument.
247:
In
Northern Ireland, the term "Scheduled Historic Monument" is used. These sites protected under Article 3 of the Historic Monuments and Archaeological Objects (Northern Ireland) Order 1995. The schedule contains over 1,900 sites, and is maintained by the
395:
around it and advises the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport of its eligibility for inclusion on the schedule. In Wales Cadw is part of central government and act on behalf of the relevant ministers. In Scotland, since October 2015,
260:
There is no positive distinction yet for a single method of registering sites of heritage. The long tradition of legal issues did not lead to a condensed register nor to any single authority to take care of over the course of the last 130 years.
280:, battlefields and flint scatters are difficult to schedule; recent amendment in Scotland (see below) has widened the definition to include "any site... comprising any thing, or group of things, that evidences previous human activity".
1824:
150:. This identified an initial list of 68 prehistoric sites that were given a degree of legal protection (25 sites in England, three in Wales, 22 in Scotland and 18 in Ireland). This was the result of strenuous representation by
82:
There are about 20,000 scheduled monuments in England representing about 37,000 heritage assets. Of the tens of thousands of scheduled monuments in the UK, most are inconspicuous archaeological sites, but some are large
339:
It is a legal requirement to maintain the 'schedule' of monuments. In England the Department for Culture, Media and Sport keeps a register, or schedule, of nationally important sites which receive state protection. The
468:
also offer owners advice on how to manage their monuments. There are some grant incentive schemes for owners, including schemes run by Historic England and by Natural England for farmers and land managers.
361:
To be eligible for scheduling, a monument must be demonstrably of (in the terms of the 1979 Act) "national importance". Non-statutory criteria are provided to guide the assessment. In England these are:
344:
now includes about 400,000 heritage sites, including scheduled monuments. This online searchable list can be found on the Historic England web site. The list of Scottish monuments can be searched on the
1507:
119:
A building or structure, cave or excavation which is above or below the surface of the land; or on / under the sea bed within UK territorial waters (or a site that contains the remains of one).
1817:
1638:
1660:
484:
472:
Historic Environment Scotland, Historic England and Cadw, occasionally award grants to support management agreements for monuments, and in some cases can help with major repairs.
1533:
276:
The scheduling system has been criticised by some as being cumbersome. In England and Wales it also has a limited definition of what constitutes a monument. Features such as
1581:
1361:
1163:
2100:
1690:
1265:
975:
240:
in Scotland. The processes for application and monitoring scheduled monuments is administered in England by Historic England; in Wales by Cadw on behalf of the
189:
When Pitt Rivers died in 1900 he was not immediately replaced as Inspector. Charles Peers, a professional architect, was appointed as Inspector in 1910 in the
183:
1339:
1738:
100:
72:
1503:
1413:
2085:
1995:
381:
Fragility/vulnerability – threats to the site from natural agencies, tourism or development can lead to a monument being scheduled for its protection
1243:
205:
In England and Wales the authority for designating, re-designating and de-designating a scheduled monument lies with the Secretary of State for the
2005:
1192:
1137:
155:
2095:
1069:
353:(NMRW), has an online database called "Coflein" which contains the national collection of information about the historic environment of Wales.
2023:
O. Davis 2011 'Where to Draw the Line: Scheduled Ancient Monuments and Historic Landscape Characterisation in Wales', Internet Archaeology 29.
1460:
1302:
944:
1630:
771:(the basement of the chapel and surrounding structures are scheduled, although the parts of the chapel in ecclesiastical use are excluded)
2075:
1529:
878:
1613:
1790:
1387:
530:, also in Norfolk, is a scheduled monument and a Grade II listed building. Because of the presence of rare bats, it is also on a
206:
2090:
1577:
1038:
923:
87:. According to the 1979 Act, a monument cannot be a structure which is occupied as a dwelling, used as a place of worship or a
178:
158:, which had been founded in 1877. Following various previous attempts, the 1882 legislation was guided through Parliament by
147:
1273:
585:, built in the 12th century in Lincoln, England, is the oldest bridge in the United Kingdom which still has buildings on it.
1068:
1159:
531:
17:
1712:
1686:
1795:
1664:
858:
350:
341:
293:
190:
384:
Representativity – how well the monument represents diverse similar types and/or whether it contains unique features
1113:
1104:(1983). "Planks from the shipwreck of time: an account of Ancient Monumentry, then and now". In Magnusson, M. (ed.).
228:
respectively. The government bodies with responsibility for archaeology and the historic environment in Britain are:
44:. Like many scheduled monuments, it blends into the landscape, and may not be evident even to those crossing over it.
1986:
159:
1331:
2017:
1734:
378:
Survival/condition – the degree to which the surviving remains convey the size, shape and function of the site
2052:
1849:
1409:
718:
396:
346:
324:
237:
122:
A site comprising any vehicle, vessel, aircraft or other moveable structure (or contains the remains of one).
88:
68:
2070:
1920:"Rosslyn Chapel, burial ground, buried remains of nave and remains of St Matthew's Church, Roslin (SM6458)"
793:
535:
1992:
323:
Scheduling is not usually applied to underwater sites although historic wrecks can be protected under the
244:(Welsh Parliament); and in Scotland by Historic Environment Scotland on behalf of the Scottish Ministers.
2040:
1239:
1012:
868:
863:
488:
303:
To add to the confusion, some heritage assets can be both listed buildings and scheduled monuments (e.g.
174:
1185:
982:
656:
588:
312:
249:
1129:
940:
2080:
1456:
1295:
555:
41:
2011:
1217:
746:
372:
Documentation – information from earlier investigations at a site can inform on its significance
366:
Period – meaning the length of time it remained in use; significant sites are often multi-period
1035:
833:
690:
411:
1963:
1075:
375:
Group value – where a monument forms part of a wider geographical landscape of important sites
1941:
1919:
1897:
1853:
819:
780:
733:
606:
1875:
1482:
524:
is a scheduled monument, a Grade I listed building, and lies in Wymondham Conservation Area.
582:
170:
612:
The cruise missile shelter complex (GAMA - GLCM Alert and Maintenance Area) at the former
8:
1606:
1050:
872:
620:, with wider cultural significance as the focus of protest against the nuclear arms race.
613:
316:
297:
221:
57:
1964:"Tinkers' Heart, Scottish Travellers' commemorative monument 820m E of Ardno (SM13615)"
918:
751:
663:
304:
163:
1383:
491:
Finds Liaison Officers, voluntary groups, property owners, land managers and farmers.
1109:
1011:
883:
681:
527:
285:
265:
391:
The Scottish criteria were revised after public consultation between 2006 and 2008.
2034:
1786:
652:
476:
315:
in England, and by the Historic Environment (Amendment) (Scotland) Act 2011) (e.g.
277:
229:
225:
127:
1999:
1101:
1042:
823:
774:
623:
598:
573:
569:
517:
509:
480:
465:
436:
Remove any historic or archaeological object from the site without prior consent.
296:(AONB) legislation. In addition, there are areas in the UK are also protected as
269:
76:
34:
2046:
451:
is an intact church, though only the unused sections are protected by scheduling
27:
Legally protected archaeological site or historic building in the United Kingdom
1760:
764:
725:
672:
635:
592:
539:
448:
151:
64:
49:
1435:
475:
In England, the condition of scheduled monuments is also reported through the
2064:
846:
842:
738:
685:
676:
387:
Potential – its ability to contribute to our knowledge through further study.
369:
Rarity – monuments with few known comparators are more likely to be scheduled
289:
193:
becoming Chief Inspector in 1913. The job title 'Inspector' is still in use.
913:
209:(DCMS). The Secretary of State keeps the list, or schedule, of these sites.
1097:
810:
627:
504:
255:
1661:"Thousands of historic monuments saved through Environmental Stewardship"
1332:"The Heritage Protection Bill: Fundamental reform for England and Wales?"
838:
729:
694:
667:
559:
549:
407:
146:
The first Act to enshrine legal protection for ancient monuments was the
130:
they are designated under separate legislation and are referred to as a
1083:
1021:
828:
768:
631:
602:
545:
415:
2022:
981:. Department for Culture, Media and Sport. March 2010. Archived from
755:
639:
399:
has been a non-departmental public body advising Scottish Ministers.
71:". The protection provided to scheduled monuments is given under the
169:
The first Inspector of Ancient Monuments, as set up by the act, was
60:
or historic building, given protection against unauthorised change.
1791:"Cruise missile shelter complex, Greenham Common Airbase (1021040)"
742:
714:
617:
213:
196:
38:
705:
103:. In England, Wales and Scotland they are often referred to as a
94:
30:
563:
521:
444:
284:
Historic urban spaces receive protection through designation as "
1961:
1939:
1917:
1895:
1848:
508:
With a moat, this is the only scrap of masonry that remains of
241:
173:. At this point, only the inspector, answering directly to the
2028:
1873:
1384:"Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990"
814:
799:
577:
217:
84:
1823:. Department for Communities Historic Environment Division.
803:
759:
402:
331:
of the 1979 Act was never brought into effect in Scotland.
233:
970:
968:
966:
964:
962:
616:
was scheduled in 2003 as a key emblematic monument of the
464:
Historic Environment Scotland, Cadw, Historic England and
1555:
1070:"The Preservation of Places of Interest or Beauty"
67:
from damage and destruction are grouped under the term "
1325:
1323:
1301:. Department for Culture, Media and Sport. April 2009.
959:
256:
Heritage protection legislation for scheduled monuments
63:
The various pieces of legislation that legally protect
1483:"Historic Environment (Amendment) (Scotland) Act 2011"
441:
also a material consideration in the planning system.
184:
Ancient Monuments Consolidation and Amendment Act 1913
2018:
Ancient Monuments & Archaeological Areas Act 1979
914:"Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979"
1320:
479:
survey. In 2008 this survey extended to include all
455:
1785:
101:
Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979
73:
Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979
1186:"Ancient Monuments Wales SI 2001 No. 1438 (W.100)"
1108:. Scottish Development Department. pp. 9–27.
288:", and historic landscapes are designated through
935:
933:
2062:
1077:The Preservation of Places of Interest or Beauty
1018:The Preservation of Places of Interest or Beauty
197:The process for designating a scheduled monument
2101:Town and country planning in the United Kingdom
2014:, Department for Communities (Northern Ireland)
487:, regional and local archaeological societies,
156:Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings
95:The legislation relevant to scheduled monuments
1329:
1096:
930:
220:in the 1970s and is now operated there by the
212:The designation process was first devolved to
166:, to ensure the survival of the stone circle.
75:, which is a different law from that used for
2041:Cof Cymru – National Historic Assets of Wales
1818:"Scheduled Historic Monuments 1st April 2017"
651:Examples of scheduled historic monuments in
422:The 1979 Act makes it a criminal offence to:
1220:. Department for Communities. 27 August 2015
349:website, or through Pastmap. For Wales, the
2029:Searchable databases of scheduled monuments
1362:"Designation Policy and Selection Guidance"
943:. Department for Culture, Media and Sport.
1876:"Castle Tioram & Eilean Tirim (SM955)"
1082:. Manchester University Press – via
1020:. Manchester University Press – via
908:
906:
904:
902:
900:
898:
879:National Monuments Record (disambiguation)
433:Use a metal detector without prior consent
356:
1178:
1005:
1003:
558:, long thought by some to be the site of
2086:Heritage registers in the United Kingdom
704:
503:
443:
406:
403:Legal protection for scheduled monuments
182:became possible with the passing of the
29:
1601:
1599:
1036:Lieutenant-General A.H.L.F. Pitt Rivers
895:
207:Department for Culture, Media and Sport
99:Scheduled monuments are defined in the
14:
2063:
1607:"Scottish Historic Environment Policy"
1342:from the original on 16 September 2011
1246:from the original on 24 September 2014
1066:
1009:
1000:
426:Destroy or damage a scheduled monument
134:(for those in private ownership) or a
2096:Protected areas of the United Kingdom
1765:Historic Environment Local Management
1741:from the original on 3 September 2007
1631:"Guidance for owners & occupiers"
1416:from the original on 2 September 2011
1390:from the original on 12 December 2012
1198:from the original on 17 December 2010
1140:from the original on 3 September 2011
1060:
941:"Protecting the Historic Environment"
777:, seat of the McKendricks of Cathcart
179:Ancient Monuments Protection Act 1900
148:Ancient Monuments Protection Act 1882
1619:from the original on 6 October 2012.
1596:
1584:from the original on 30 January 2012
1530:"National Heritage List for England"
1308:from the original on 12 January 2012
1166:from the original on 30 January 2012
1506:. Canterbury Archaeological Trust.
1475:
1459:. Scottish Government. March 2010.
1330:Mascall, Roger (18 December 2009).
947:from the original on 21 August 2011
841:(Chancel Arch and South Transept),
798:Examples of scheduled monuments in
713:Examples of scheduled monuments in
646:
532:Site of Special Scientific Interest
24:
2035:National Heritage List for England
1796:National Heritage List for England
1641:from the original on 23 April 2011
859:Conservation in the United Kingdom
595:, site of a medieval moated manor.
351:National Monuments Record of Wales
342:National Heritage List for England
294:Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty
25:
2112:
2076:Archaeology of the United Kingdom
1980:
1830:from the original on 4 April 2017
1693:from the original on 11 July 2011
1663:. Natural England. Archived from
456:Management of scheduled monuments
138:(for those in public ownership).
1536:from the original on 27 May 2011
1510:from the original on 3 June 2011
1463:from the original on 6 June 2011
1296:"Draft Heritage Protection Bill"
334:
107:, although the Act defines only
2053:Historic Environment Map Viewer
2049:, Historic Environment Scotland
2008:, Historic Environment Scotland
1962:Historic Environment Scotland.
1955:
1940:Historic Environment Scotland.
1933:
1918:Historic Environment Scotland.
1911:
1896:Historic Environment Scotland.
1889:
1874:Historic Environment Scotland.
1867:
1842:
1810:
1779:
1753:
1727:
1705:
1679:
1653:
1623:
1570:
1548:
1522:
1496:
1449:
1436:"Protection of Wrecks Act 1973"
1428:
1410:"How are landscapes protected?"
1402:
1376:
1364:. Historic Environment Scotland
1354:
1288:
1272:. UK Government. Archived from
1258:
1232:
1210:
552:monument in Wiltshire, England.
1152:
1122:
1090:
1028:
609:period, was scheduled in 1934.
13:
1:
2091:Historic Environment Scotland
1898:"Ravenscraig Castle (SM2496)"
1850:Historic Environment Scotland
889:
719:Historic Environment Scotland
397:Historic Environment Scotland
347:Historic Environment Scotland
325:Protection of Wrecks Act 1973
264:The UK is a signatory to the
238:Historic Environment Scotland
2055:, Department for Communities
1338:. Cathedral Communications.
794:Scheduled monuments in Wales
536:Special Area of Conservation
7:
1761:"What is Heritage at Risk?"
1612:. Historic Scotland. 2009.
864:List of scheduled monuments
852:
700:
534:(SSSI) and a candidate for
494:
489:Portable Antiquities Scheme
175:First Commissioner of Works
132:scheduled historic monument
10:
2117:
1942:"Cathcart Castle (SM2105)"
1266:"Heritage Protection Bill"
791:
657:Department for Communities
589:South Norwood Country Park
499:
313:National Heritage Act 1983
250:Department for Communities
141:
105:scheduled ancient monument
56:is a nationally important
1854:"Dunskey Castle (SM2017)"
1735:"Ancient monuments grant"
1687:"Ancient monument grants"
572:a hillfort South East of
162:, who in 1871 had bought
2006:Scheduled monuments page
1998:22 December 2018 at the
1993:Scheduled Monuments page
1987:Scheduled Monuments page
1578:"What can be scheduled?"
1336:BuildingConservation.com
1074:
1041:1 September 2009 at the
787:
556:Cadbury Castle, Somerset
2012:Historic monuments page
1504:"Planning Consultation"
1457:"Marine (Scotland) Act"
1067:Hunter, Robert (1907).
1010:Hunter, Robert (1907).
655:, as designated by the
357:Criteria for scheduling
834:Old Bridge, Pontypridd
710:
691:Loughbrickland Crannog
513:
452:
419:
412:Loughbrickland Crannog
136:monument in state care
45:
1689:. Historic Scotland.
1240:"Scheduled Monuments"
1130:"Scheduled monuments"
1034:Bowden, Mark (2000) "
976:"Scheduled Monuments"
924:The National Archives
820:Dolaucothi Gold Mines
734:Dumfries and Galloway
708:
607:Industrial Revolution
507:
447:
410:
115:. A monument can be:
33:
1580:. English Heritage.
1532:. English Heritage.
1242:. English Heritage.
1218:"Historic monuments"
1162:. English Heritage.
1049:- Newsletter of the
583:High Bridge, Lincoln
562:'s legendary castle
298:World Heritage Sites
171:Augustus Pitt Rivers
2071:Scheduled monuments
1412:. Natural England.
1051:Prehistoric Society
873:Republic of Ireland
802:, as designated by
717:, as designated by
614:RAF Greenham Common
311:(as amended by the
222:Scottish Government
89:protected shipwreck
58:archaeological site
18:Scheduled monuments
2037:, Historic England
1989:, Historic England
1767:. English Heritage
1715:. Historic England
1667:on 16 October 2010
1013:"Appendix A"
988:on 4 December 2012
919:legislation.gov.uk
781:The Tinkers' Heart
752:Ravenscraig Castle
711:
664:Drumbo round tower
605:, dating from the
542:protective status.
514:
453:
420:
418:human-made island.
305:Dunblane Cathedral
286:conservation areas
164:Avebury, Wiltshire
113:scheduled monument
54:scheduled monument
46:
1635:Historic Scotland
1160:"Scheduling FAQs"
884:Treasure Act 1996
869:National Monument
783:, Argyll and Bute
630:, constructed by
528:Paston Great Barn
278:ritual landscapes
266:Council of Europe
16:(Redirected from
2108:
2081:Historic England
1975:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1871:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1835:
1829:
1822:
1814:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1787:Historic England
1783:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1757:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1731:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1709:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1683:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1611:
1603:
1594:
1593:
1591:
1589:
1574:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1552:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1380:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1327:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1307:
1300:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1276:on 3 August 2012
1262:
1256:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1197:
1190:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1126:
1120:
1119:
1102:Fawcett, Richard
1094:
1088:
1087:
1081:
1072:
1064:
1058:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1015:
1007:
998:
997:
995:
993:
987:
980:
972:
957:
956:
954:
952:
937:
928:
927:
910:
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560:King Arthur
550:prehistoric
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769:Midlothian
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632:Henry VIII
603:Shropshire
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416:Bronze Age
414:is a late
1802:2 October
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1270:Directgov
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430:consent"
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564:Camelot
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1949:2019
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