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29:
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91:
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962:. Such produce is used for many dishes, from a simple salad made of chopped cabbage and sprinkled with paprika, to cabbage rolls. In northern parts of Serbia and Croatia, it is often added to the bean soup. In central Serbia, a local specialty called "wedding cabbage" is made by slowly stewing roughly cut cabbage with at least three kinds of meats, lean, fatty, and smoked.
717:
A homemade type of very mild sauerkraut is available, where white cabbage is pickled with salt in a refrigerator for only three to seven days. This process results in very little lactic acid production. Sometimes in Russia double fermentation is used, with the initial step producing an exceptionally
533:
is introduced naturally, as these air-borne bacteria culture on raw cabbage leaves where they grow. Yeasts also are present, and may yield soft sauerkraut of poor flavor when the fermentation temperature is too high. The fermentation process has three phases, collectively sometimes referred to as
521:
are made. The cabbage is finely shredded, layered with salt, and left to ferment. Fully cured sauerkraut keeps for several months in an airtight container stored at 15 °C (60 °F) or below. In temperate climates, this allows storage over the full winter and early-Spring. Neither
219:. However, according to Mack and Surina (2005), there is no evidence to support this theory, nor any evidence that fermented cabbage arrived from an East Asian source, and there is evidence of sauerkraut production in Europe dating back to the early period of the
2620:
National
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.).
627:
process is known as "backslopping" or "inoculum enrichment"; when used in making sauerkraut, first- and second-stage population dynamics, important to developing flavor, are bypassed. This is due primarily to the greater initial activity of species
1615:. The treatment is to rinse the mouth with sauerkraut juice for about 30 seconds several times a day, or place a wad of sauerkraut against the affected area for a minute or so before chewing and swallowing the sauerkraut.
206:
with salt. According to
Wilhelm Holzapfel et al, Plinius the Elder, writing in the first century A.D., is reputed to have been the first writer to describe the making of sauerkraut by preserving what the Romans called
2619:
1153:
92:
2917:
Wantke, F.; Götz, M; Jarisch, R; et al. (December 1993). "Histamine-free diet: treatment of choice for histamine-induced food intolerance and supporting treatment for chronic headaches".
1634:
of the key detoxifying enzymes by cabbage juices, particularly sauerkraut, may be responsible for their chemopreventive activity demonstrated by epidemiological studies and in animal models".
256:. According to Mack and Surina (2005), the Slavic peoples of Europe likely discovered fermented cabbage on their own. The English name is borrowed from German where it means "sour cabbage".
1096:
718:
sour product, which is then "corrected" by adding 30-50% more fresh cabbage and fermenting the mix again. The flavor additives like apples, beets, cranberries, and sometimes even
2075:
550:
lead the fermentation, and begin producing an acidic environment that favors later bacteria. The second phase starts as the acid levels become too high for many bacteria, and
2598:
992:", a Turkish-inspired roll, made of pickled cabbage leaves with minced pork and rice, having its own personality and very distinct in taste from its Ottoman predecessor.
2863:
Moret, Sabrina; Smela, Dana; Populin, Tiziana; Conte, Lanfranco S.; et al. (2005). "A survey on free biogenic amine content of fresh and preserved vegetables".
1511:
2890:
Pu, C.; Xia, C; Xie, C; Li, K; et al. (November 2001). "Research on the dynamic variation and elimination of nitrite content in sauerkraut during pickling".
240:. However, the Romans, as previously noted, pickled forms of cabbage, and were the more likely source of modern-day European sauerkraut. It then took root in
2362:
Applications of biotechnology to traditional fermented foods: report of an ad hoc panel of the Board on
Science and Technology for International Development
3278:
1604:(1829–1922) was able to successfully reduce the death rate from disease among prisoners of war; he attributed this to feeding his patients raw sauerkraut.
985:
2824:"Modulation of rat hepatic and kidney phase II enzymes by cabbage juices: comparison with the effects of indole-3-carbinol and phenethyl isothiocyanate"
1601:
2307:
3052:
Hung, Hsin-chia; Huang, MC; Lee, JM; Wu, DC; Hsu, HK; Wu, MT; et al. (June 2004). "Association between diet and esophageal cancer in Taiwan".
148:
and is known under its German name in
English-speaking countries, it did not originate in Germany and is also a traditional and ubiquitous dish in
1662:
cannot break down. This does not negatively affect long-term health, although it might be uncomfortable. Additionally, sauerkraut has a very high
2205:
2197:
601:
study found an unexpectedly large diversity of lactic acid bacteria in sauerkraut, and that previous studies had oversimplified this diversity.
623:
The Dutch sauerkraut industry found that inoculating a new batch of sauerkraut with an old batch resulted in an exceedingly sour product. This
2574:
A food culture transplanted: origins and development of the food of early German immigrants to the
Barossa Region, South Australia (1839-1939)
2143:
2961:
1756:
2501:
2358:
3317:
2977:
2079:
1078:
As
Europeans, especially Germans, emigrated to other countries, many of them continued making and eating sauerkraut around the world.
2627:. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US).
1696:
2590:
2700:
Digestion
Connection: The Simple, Natural Plan to Combat Diabetes, Heart Disease, Osteoporosis, Arthritis, Acid Reflux--And More!
486:
4584:
3323:
3288:
3260:
3239:
3220:
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2180:
2012:
1985:
1956:
1901:
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improve digestion and promote the growth of healthy bowel flora, protecting against many diseases of the digestive tract.
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1136:
4137:
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2538:
2290:
2029:
4756:
4518:
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National
Research Council (US) Panel on the Applications of Biotechnology to Traditional Fermented Foods (1992).
1631:
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was found to be a major organism in the initial, heterofermentative stage, up to day 7. It was also found that
4731:
4614:
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3990:
3139:
1507:
485:, due to concerns the American public would reject a product with a German name, American sauerkraut makers
4639:
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4619:
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1865:
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2769:
Food to Die for: A Book of
Funeral Food, Tips and Tales from the Old City Cemetery, Lynchburg, Virginia.
2249:
4546:
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3333:
260:
464:, sauerkraut – like other preserved foods – provided a source of nutrients during the winter. Captain
4721:
4609:
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2227:
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of nutrients rendering sauerkraut even more nutritious than the original cabbage. It is also low in
4726:
4398:
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2808:
2334:
2147:
510:
468:
always took a store of sauerkraut on his sea voyages, since experience had taught him it prevented
245:
241:
153:
149:
118:
85:
2239:(Often with capital initial.) A German, esp. a German soldier. Also attrib. and Comb. Derogatory."
915:
211:
in earthen vessels. Popular folklore has imagined that sauerkraut was introduced to Europe by the
4716:
4706:
4701:
4675:
4313:
2144:"Sauerkraut - Sauerkraut Is the Quintessential Eastern European Vegetable - all About Sauerkraut"
1819:
1075:
and on the
Eastern Shore, sauerkraut is a traditional accompaniment for the Thanksgiving turkey.
708:
are added in some recipes for color. The resulting sauerkraut salad is typically served cold, as
572:
404:
321:
4751:
4629:
4373:
4358:
3328:
3161:
2479:
2427:
1946:
1814:
1809:
884:
2749:
Haggard, Robert F (1998). "Samuel Miller and the Founding of the Miller School of Albemarle".
2453:
2280:
2170:
1973:
4649:
4644:
3503:
3498:
3483:
3308:
2962:"Dietary exposure to nitrite and nitrosamines and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Taiwan"
2528:
2360:
2002:
1444:
586:
1891:
958:
In Bulgaria, Montenegro, Serbia, Bosnia, Croatia, North Macedonia and Slovenia, usually the
4670:
4343:
4204:
3927:
3385:
609:
566:
272:
220:
212:
122:
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3802:
2480:"Meet the Germans – Typically German - The Germans and ... - Sauerkraut - Goethe-Institut"
8:
4746:
4711:
4624:
4604:
4536:
4453:
3865:
3588:
3583:
3346:
1824:
1612:
1510:
for adults, except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from
1084:
649:
396:
296:
280:
237:
3095:
Siddiqi, Maqsood; R. Preussmann (1989). "Esophageal cancer in Kashmir – an assessment".
620:
had smaller population numbers in the first 14 days than previous studies had reported.
4634:
4558:
4508:
4237:
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3610:
3380:
3120:
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1319:
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380:
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20:
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cuisines, but also in other countries including the Netherlands, where it is known as
4568:
4262:
4252:
4057:
3812:
3284:
3256:
3235:
3216:
3112:
3069:
3065:
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2899:
2845:
2703:
2638:
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2534:
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2008:
1981:
1952:
1897:
1457:
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1005:
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364:
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264:
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2926:
2876:
2872:
2835:
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1000:
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669:
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514:
452:, refrigeration, and cheap transport from warmer areas became readily available in
426:
388:
372:
348:
332:
312:
198:
42:
3029:
3012:
2409:
1059:, is thought to bring good luck for the upcoming year. Sauerkraut is also used in
4353:
4348:
4267:
4187:
3882:
3747:
1659:
1623:
1533:
1014:
1013:
for "dressed sauerkraut"), sauerkraut with sausages (Strasbourg sausages, smoked
1010:
880:
829:
677:
661:
453:
418:
304:
188:
3710:
1920:
1674:
Many other vegetables are preserved by a similar fermentation pickling process:
988:" = whole pickled cabbage heads) are used as wrap for the national dish called "
966:
4680:
4491:
4428:
4378:
4368:
4335:
4293:
4209:
4182:
3493:
3426:
3421:
3390:
2822:
Krajka-Kuźniak, V; Szaefer, H; Bartoszek, A; Baer-Dubowska, W (25 March 2013).
2622:
1159:
Central European-style sauerkraut and sausages is a popular snack dish in pubs.
920:
860:
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673:
523:
461:
457:
288:
183:
4227:
2840:
2823:
2113:
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1803:
1018:
481:", derived from this food, is a derogatory term for the German people. During
4695:
4553:
4513:
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4461:
4438:
4433:
4408:
4323:
4318:
4152:
4099:
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3887:
3855:
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1652:
1580:
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1549:
1275:
943:
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924:
868:
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141:
644:
Eastern European-style sauerkraut pickled with carrots and served as a salad
4563:
4393:
4045:
4025:
3902:
3695:
3670:
3625:
3620:
3593:
3568:
3476:
3471:
3451:
3441:
3073:
3038:
2985:
2938:
2903:
2849:
2821:
2642:
2455:
The German Cookbook: A Complete Guide to Mastering Authentic German Cooking
2388:
1711:
1251:
1143:
1052:
989:
899:
780:
770:
764:
697:
546:
263:
languages have similar meanings with the German word: "fermented cabbage" (
216:
179:
175:
3116:
2978:
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(20000601)86:5<603::AID-IJC1>3.0.CO;2-H
2585:
2242:
2198:"Sauerkraut, sugar, and salt pork – the diet on board Cook's 'Resolution'"
1109:
includes sauerkraut mashed with potatoes and is traditionally served with
752:. Sauerkraut is also the central ingredient in traditional soups, such as
4665:
4403:
4388:
4167:
4157:
4142:
4005:
3995:
3892:
3665:
3655:
3615:
3488:
3431:
3252:
Wild Fermentation: The Flavor, Nutrition, and Craft of Live-Culture Foods
1785:
1627:
1608:
1537:
1235:
1022:
935:
876:
701:
615:
482:
449:
134:
1630:
in test tube and animal studies. A Polish study in 2010 concluded that "
230:), the dish did not originate in Germany. Some claim fermenting cabbage
4303:
4277:
4172:
4062:
4010:
3949:
3907:
3777:
3752:
3650:
3605:
3578:
3523:
3518:
3461:
3406:
3108:
1972:
Holzapfel, Wilhelm; Schillinger, Ulrich; Buckenhüskes, Herbert (2003).
1648:
1588:
1373:
719:
540:
465:
126:
4116:
939:). Similar recipes are common in other Central European cuisines. The
927:), accompanied typically by roasted or steamed potatoes or dumplings (
497:
4308:
4192:
4177:
4147:
4132:
4040:
4015:
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3807:
3797:
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3548:
3538:
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3513:
3411:
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1793:
1748:
1718:
1655:
1569:
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1545:
1529:
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1402:
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1110:
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1064:
693:
624:
603:
193:
951:
929:
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4298:
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4109:
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3822:
3792:
3705:
3700:
3680:
3250:
1829:
1798:
1740:
1644:
1105:
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1041:
1040:
and is a common topping for sandwiches and hotdogs, especially for
888:
748:
736:
598:
591:
506:
232:
137:
formed when the bacteria ferment the sugars in the cabbage leaves.
130:
3985:
3630:
2370:
2172:
In Search of Captain Cook: Exploring the Man Through His Own Words
688:. Other ingredients may include caraway seeds, whole or quartered
164:
4528:
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4471:
4420:
4257:
4104:
4072:
3980:
3939:
3872:
3860:
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3690:
3685:
3675:
3660:
1704:
1541:
1353:
1188:
1126:
981:
910:
905:
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875:
seeds; apples and white wine are added in popular variations. In
872:
730:
710:
203:
114:
1971:
640:
4503:
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4082:
4050:
4000:
3922:
3782:
3640:
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1733:
1726:
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996:
685:
581:
518:
469:
57:
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4089:
4035:
4020:
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3757:
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3553:
3543:
3533:
3416:
3338:
1265:
1033:
790:
754:
742:
705:
689:
526:
is required, although these treatments prolong storage life.
477:
69:
51:
2556:"Sauerkraut and turkey: an essential Baltimore Thanksgiving"
1779:
3827:
3817:
2365:. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press. pp. 15–45.
1921:"Fermented Fruits and Vegetables - A Global SO Perspective"
1663:
1557:
1048:
2771:
Lynchburg, VA: Southern Memorial Association, pp. 149–150.
2613:
2591:"Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels"
2410:"Pierogi - the best guide to the most popular Polish food"
2146:. Easteuropeanfood.about.com. 12 June 2010. Archived from
1626:
produced in sauerkraut fermentation inhibit the growth of
684:, chopped cabbage is often pickled together with shredded
4247:
4077:
2279:
Belitz, H.-D.; Grosch, Werner; Schieberle, Peter (2009).
1295:
236:
was already practised in the days of the building of the
3013:"The Enigmatic Epidemiology of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma"
2277:
The pH of completely cured sauerkraut is about 3.6; see
2094:
1067:
upon various foods, such as sandwiches and hot dogs. In
513:
that is analogous to how traditional (not heat-treated)
1520:
Many health benefits have been claimed for sauerkraut:
820:
808:
577:
3213:
Keeping Food Fresh: Old World Techniques & Recipes
2862:
2312:
and the Molecular Ecology of Sauerkraut Fermentations"
2278:
851:
839:
584:
to prevent a favorable environment for the growth of
576:, ferment any remaining sugars, further lowering the
326:
63:
60:
48:
3094:
3010:
1775:
560:
species take dominance. In the third phase, various
412:
72:
66:
3229:
2502:"Sauerkraut on New Year's a Pennsylvania tradition"
2001:Mack, Glenn Randall; Surina, Asele (30 June 2005).
891:. Traditionally it is served warm, with pork (e.g.
45:
2624:Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium
2162:
489:as "liberty cabbage" for the duration of the war.
3314:Fermenting food since before H. sapiens appeared.
3011:Chang, Ellen T.; Hans-Olov Adami (October 2006).
2916:
1994:
1434:
1363:
1055:on New Year's Day. The tradition, started by the
4693:
3280:Making Sauerkraut and Pickled Vegetables at Home
3097:Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology
3017:Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
2235:= SAUERKRAUT, SOURCROUT. Also attrib. and Comb.
1643:Excessive consumption of sauerkraut may lead to
178:foods have a long history in many cultures. The
814:
802:
788:resp. Moravian). It is an ingredient of Polish
3309:Laboratory Exercise in Sauerkraut Fermentation
3051:
2959:
2666:
2664:
2579:
2305:
2168:
1832: – Traditional Chinese pickled vegetables
1230:Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
3354:
2189:
845:
833:
226:Although "sauerkraut" is from a German word (
3131:
1965:
1885:
1883:
1622:reported that Finnish researchers found the
1579:and uncooked, sauerkraut also contains live
580:. Properly cured sauerkraut is sufficiently
2716:
2661:
2202:British Library Western Heritage Collection
2076:"Sauerkraut rises above its humble origins"
1951:. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 1052.
1607:Sauerkraut and its juice is a time-honored
999:, sauerkraut is the main ingredient of the
867:, cooked sauerkraut is often flavored with
98:
54:
3361:
3347:
3318:The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
3054:Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
2889:
2806:
2690:
2688:
2587:United States Food and Drug Administration
2100:
2000:
1940:
1938:
700:in cranberries is a common preservative).
3028:
2839:
2809:"Sauerkraut contains anticancer compound"
2782:"Sauerkraut as a remedy for canker sores"
2722:
2195:
1889:
1880:
1684:in India, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan
1620:Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry
1532:; the fermentation process increases the
534:population dynamics. In the first phase,
3276:
3137:
2960:Ward, Mary H.; et al. (June 2000).
2774:
2751:The Magazine of Albemarle County History
2451:
1766:in Bosnia, Serbia, Croatia, and Bulgaria
725:Sauerkraut may be used as a filling for
639:
496:
163:
27:
3324:Crunchy pickled cabbage: video-tutorial
2748:
2685:
2285:(4th ed.). Springer. p. 803.
2073:
2007:. Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 78–79.
2004:Food Culture in Russia and Central Asia
1935:
1583:and beneficial microbes and is rich in
159:
4694:
3210:
2694:
2175:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 115.
2027:
1978:Handbook of Fermented Functional Foods
1915:
1913:
1893:Handbook of Fermented Functional Foods
1854:
1852:
1225:Sauerkraut, canned, solids and liquids
133:flavor, both of which result from the
3342:
3230:Fallon, Sally; Enig, Mary G. (2001).
3045:
2553:
2250:"Sauerkraut may be 'Liberty Cabbage'"
1944:
722:are usually introduced at this step.
635:
84:
3255:. Chelsea Green Publishing Company.
3248:
3215:. Chelsea Green Publishing Company.
3088:
3004:
2953:
2910:
2883:
2554:Pitts, Jonathan (25 November 2013).
2526:
2196:Makepeace, Margaret (12 June 2018).
2120:(in Azerbaijani). 11 November 2014.
1838: – Fermented vegetable preserve
252:, and France, where the name became
213:trade networks formed across Eurasia
202:) mentioned preserving cabbages and
2919:Clinical & Experimental Allergy
2136:
2057:"A "Short" History of Fermentation"
2030:"Sauerkraut: It All Began in China"
1910:
1849:
696:for flavor and better keeping (the
505:Sauerkraut is made by a process of
352:
16:Finely sliced and fermented cabbage
13:
4138:Halford Leicestershire Table Sauce
3140:"Can You Eat Too Much Sauerkraut?"
2931:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1993.tb00287.x
2601:from the original on 27 March 2024
2508:. TimesUnion.com. 31 December 2009
2331:10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.tb17874.x
2124:from the original on 14 April 2016
2074:Gazette, The (22 September 2007).
2028:Pincus, Harry (14 November 1979).
1858:
1548:, and it is a very good source of
14:
4768:
3302:
1976:. In Farnworth, Edward R. (ed.).
1214:
984:, the local type of sauerkraut ("
19:For uncut fermented cabbage, see
3719:
3066:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2004.03346.x
1810:List of ancient dishes and foods
1778:
1669:
1638:
1524:It is a high source of vitamins
1197:
1179:
1164:
1152:
1135:
1118:
1095:
1083:
41:
3329:Fermentation Tips for Beginners
3183:
3154:
2966:International Journal of Cancer
2856:
2815:
2800:
2761:
2742:
2649:from the original on 9 May 2024
2566:
2547:
2520:
2494:
2472:
2445:
2420:
2402:
2352:
2299:
2271:
2220:
2106:
960:whole cabbage heads are pickled
317:квашеная капуста/кислая капуста
4585:Accompaniments to french fries
3368:
3138:St. John, Tina (5 June 2011).
2877:10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.02.050
2527:Ross, Sylvia (24 April 2001).
2067:
2049:
2021:
1025:(bacon, ham, etc.), and often
259:The names in Slavic and other
1:
3030:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0353
2530:Allergy Cuisine: Step by Step
2458:. Random House. p. 435.
1890:Farnworth, Edward R. (2003).
1842:
1714:in eastern and central Europe
492:
2078:. Canada.com. Archived from
1506:Percentages estimated using
1051:, is eaten traditionally in
949:consists of roast pork with
590:, the toxins of which cause
261:Central and Eastern European
140:Although it is considered a
7:
4742:Plant-based fermented foods
3283:. Book Publishing Company.
3249:Katz, Sandor Ellix (2003).
2576:. PhD dissertation., 2006.
1948:Encyclopedia of Jewish Food
1866:Online Etymology Dictionary
1771:
1219:
969:it is an essential part of
913:(smoked or fried sausages,
852:
840:
821:
809:
414:kiseli kupus / kiselo zelje
327:
10:
4773:
4547:Balsamic vinegar of Modena
3717:
3197:"rec.foods.preserving FAQ"
2572:Heuzenroeder, Angela May.
1980:. CRC Press. p. 343.
1923:. United Nations FAO. 1998
409:кисели купус / кисело зеље
18:
4658:
4577:
4527:
4452:
4419:
4334:
4286:
4220:
4125:
3963:
3955:Watermelon rind preserves
3836:
3763:Garlic chive flower sauce
3728:
3399:
3376:
3334:Sauerkraut for Gut Health
3234:. New Trends Publishing.
3162:"Sauerkraut & Sodium"
2841:10.1017/S0007114510004526
2543:– via Google Books.
2310:Leuconostoc mesenteroides
2231:. Second edition, 1989. "
2228:Oxford English Dictionary
1806: – Chemical compound
1804:Foods containing tyramine
1700:in Friuli, northern Italy
1505:
1501:
1493:
1481:
1477:
1469:
1456:
1443:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1401:
1388:
1372:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1336:
1332:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1274:
1264:
1248:
1244:
1240:78 kJ (19 kcal)
1234:
1229:
846:
834:
832:, sauerkraut is known as
815:
803:
801:, sauerkraut is known as
692:for additional flavor or
553:Leuconostoc mesenteroides
438:
408:
400:
360:
316:
284:
3277:Kaufmann, Klaus (2001).
3232:Nourishing Traditions...
2725:"Fancy Some Sauerkraut?"
2169:O'Sullivan, Dan (2008).
2061:Gesundheit Fermentations
511:lactic acid fermentation
4757:German-American cuisine
4676:Salt and pepper shakers
3211:Aubert, Claude (1999).
2767:Ward, Jessica B. 2004.
2452:Sheraton, Mimi (2010).
2428:"Bigos (Hunter's Stew)"
2319:Journal of Food Science
2306:F. BREIDT, JR. (2004).
1820:List of fermented foods
1508:US recommendations
1047:Sauerkraut, along with
977:(a type of casserole).
975:erdélyi rakott káposzta
856:) 'fermented cabbage'.
825:) 'fermented cabbage'.
487:relabeled their product
4374:Mayfair salad dressing
4359:Green goddess dressing
2702:. Rodale. p. 63.
2101:Mack & Surina 2005
1815:List of cabbage dishes
1512:the National Academies
1192:served with sauerkraut
885:Extra-virgin olive oil
645:
502:
430:
422:
413:
392:
384:
376:
368:
344:
336:
308:
300:
292:
276:
268:
172:
86:[ˈzaʊ.ɐˌkʁaʊt]
33:
4645:Philippine condiments
4615:Indonesian condiments
4590:Brand name condiments
3991:Beurre Maître d'Hôtel
2414:www.tastingpoland.com
1744:in northeastern China
1338:Vitamins and minerals
916:Frankfurter Würstchen
643:
587:Clostridium botulinum
500:
167:
31:
4732:Cuisine of Baltimore
4640:Pakistani condiments
4344:Blue cheese dressing
4205:Worcestershire sauce
3928:Chicago-style relish
3000:on 16 December 2012.
2340:on 16 September 2012
2308:"A Genomic Study of
1896:. CRC. p. 395.
1147:made with sauerkraut
844:) 'sour cabbage' or
813:) 'sour cabbage' or
610:Lactobacillus brevis
401:расол / кисела зелка
221:Western Roman Empire
160:Overview and history
123:lactic acid bacteria
113:) is finely cut raw
4620:Japanese condiments
4537:Apple cider vinegar
4487:Spicy brown mustard
3866:Green mango chutney
3386:List of common dips
3190:USDA Canning guides
2807:EurekAlert (2002).
1945:Marks, Gil (2010).
1825:Sauerkraut missions
1736:, a feed for cattle
1226:
794:(a hunter's stew).
564:species, including
501:Homemade sauerkraut
238:Great Wall of China
4559:Kaong palm vinegar
4509:Tewkesbury mustard
4238:Crushed red pepper
4221:Spices and powders
3964:Spreads and pastes
3611:Monkey gland sauce
3381:List of condiments
3109:10.1007/BF00397910
2788:. 15 February 2010
2257:The New York Times
2150:on 16 January 2017
2035:The New York Times
1836:Whole sour cabbage
1722:in Central America
1692:in the Philippines
1658:, which the human
1598:American Civil War
1528:and (if uncooked)
1483:Other constituents
1224:
1071:, particularly in
1057:Pennsylvania Dutch
879:, it is made with
853:kvashenaya kapusta
646:
636:Regional varieties
522:refrigeration nor
503:
173:
129:and a distinctive
34:
21:whole sour cabbage
4689:
4688:
4610:Indian condiments
4569:Nipa palm vinegar
4263:Popcorn seasoning
4253:Nutritional yeast
3813:Sweet chili sauce
3290:978-1-55312-037-7
3262:978-1-931498-23-4
3241:978-0-9670897-3-7
3222:978-1-890132-10-1
2892:Wei Sheng Yan Jiu
2786:Los Angeles Times
2696:Lipski, Elizabeth
2672:"Nutrition Facts"
2634:978-0-309-48834-1
2560:The Baltimore Sun
2465:978-0-307-75457-8
2380:978-0-309-04685-5
2182:978-0-85771-350-6
2082:on 26 August 2012
2014:978-0-313-32773-5
1987:978-0-203-00972-7
1958:978-0-544-18631-6
1903:978-0-8493-1372-1
1859:Harper, Douglas.
1518:
1517:
1473:
1472:
1207:Choucroute garnie
1173:Vepřo-knedlo-zelo
1090:Cooked sauerkraut
1006:choucroute garnie
947:vepřo knedlo zelo
682:Ukrainian cuisine
538:bacteria such as
515:pickled cucumbers
328:kvašenaja kapusta
325:
301:rauginti kopūstai
32:German sauerkraut
4764:
4722:Austrian cuisine
4542:Balsamic vinegar
4444:Mushroom ketchup
4384:Russian dressing
4364:Italian dressing
4126:Oils and liquids
3945:Taba ng talangka
3913:Pickled cucumber
3723:
3601:Mignonette sauce
3574:Marie Rose sauce
3363:
3356:
3349:
3340:
3339:
3298:
3297:on 28 June 2009.
3293:. Archived from
3273:
3271:
3269:
3245:
3226:
3207:
3205:
3203:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3172:
3158:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3147:
3142:. Livestrong.com
3135:
3129:
3128:
3092:
3086:
3085:
3049:
3043:
3042:
3032:
3008:
3002:
3001:
2996:. Archived from
2957:
2951:
2950:
2914:
2908:
2907:
2887:
2881:
2880:
2860:
2854:
2853:
2843:
2819:
2813:
2812:
2804:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2778:
2772:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2692:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2678:
2668:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2617:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2606:
2583:
2577:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2551:
2545:
2544:
2524:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2449:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2395:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2339:
2333:. Archived from
2316:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2275:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2254:
2246:
2240:
2224:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2204:. Archived from
2193:
2187:
2186:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2110:
2104:
2098:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2053:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2025:
2019:
2018:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1969:
1963:
1962:
1942:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1917:
1908:
1907:
1887:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1856:
1788:
1783:
1782:
1760:in The Caribbean
1602:John Jay Terrell
1600:, the physician
1438:
1377:
1367:
1334:
1333:
1227:
1223:
1201:
1183:
1168:
1156:
1139:
1122:
1099:
1087:
1061:American cuisine
955:and sauerkraut.
855:
849:
848:
847:квашеная капуста
843:
837:
836:
824:
822:kvashena kapusta
818:
817:
812:
806:
805:
714:or a side dish.
529:Fermentation by
440:
416:
410:
402:
362:
354:
330:
320:
318:
286:
285:квашаная капуста
246:Eastern European
125:. It has a long
112:
109:
106:
103:
100:
96:
95:
94:
88:
83:
79:
78:
75:
74:
71:
68:
65:
62:
59:
56:
53:
50:
47:
4772:
4771:
4767:
4766:
4765:
4763:
4762:
4761:
4727:National dishes
4692:
4691:
4690:
4685:
4654:
4573:
4523:
4448:
4415:
4399:Thousand Island
4354:Ginger dressing
4349:French dressing
4330:
4282:
4268:Salt and pepper
4216:
4188:Sweet soy sauce
4121:
3959:
3883:Fruit preserves
3838:
3832:
3748:Chile con queso
3724:
3715:
3395:
3372:
3367:
3305:
3291:
3267:
3265:
3263:
3242:
3223:
3201:
3199:
3195:
3186:
3181:
3180:
3170:
3168:
3160:
3159:
3155:
3145:
3143:
3136:
3132:
3093:
3089:
3050:
3046:
3023:(10): 1765–77.
3009:
3005:
2958:
2954:
2915:
2911:
2888:
2884:
2861:
2857:
2820:
2816:
2805:
2801:
2791:
2789:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2766:
2762:
2747:
2743:
2733:
2731:
2723:Martina Watts.
2721:
2717:
2710:
2693:
2686:
2676:
2674:
2670:
2669:
2662:
2652:
2650:
2635:
2618:
2614:
2604:
2602:
2584:
2580:
2571:
2567:
2552:
2548:
2541:
2525:
2521:
2511:
2509:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2485:
2483:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2466:
2450:
2446:
2436:
2434:
2426:
2425:
2421:
2408:
2407:
2403:
2393:
2391:
2381:
2357:
2353:
2343:
2341:
2337:
2314:
2304:
2300:
2293:
2276:
2272:
2262:
2260:
2259:. 25 April 1918
2252:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2225:
2221:
2211:
2209:
2208:on 15 June 2018
2194:
2190:
2183:
2167:
2163:
2153:
2151:
2142:
2141:
2137:
2127:
2125:
2114:"Kələm turşusu"
2112:
2111:
2107:
2099:
2095:
2085:
2083:
2072:
2068:
2055:
2054:
2050:
2040:
2038:
2026:
2022:
2015:
1999:
1995:
1988:
1970:
1966:
1959:
1943:
1936:
1926:
1924:
1919:
1918:
1911:
1904:
1888:
1881:
1871:
1869:
1857:
1850:
1845:
1784:
1777:
1774:
1769:
1672:
1660:small intestine
1641:
1624:isothiocyanates
1534:bioavailability
1464:
1451:
1439:
1409:
1396:
1383:
1375:
1368:
1339:
1328:
1323:
1304:
1299:
1260:
1255:
1222:
1217:
1210:
1202:
1193:
1184:
1175:
1169:
1160:
1157:
1148:
1140:
1131:
1130:with sauerkraut
1123:
1114:
1100:
1091:
1088:
921:Vienna sausages
881:Juniper berries
869:juniper berries
841:kyslaya kapusta
816:квашена капуста
638:
495:
393:skābēti kāposti
385:savanyúkáposzta
309:kapusta kiszona
189:De agri cultura
170:kapusta kiszona
162:
110:
107:
104:
101:
90:
89:
81:
44:
40:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4770:
4760:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4717:German cuisine
4714:
4709:
4707:Cabbage dishes
4704:
4702:Ancient dishes
4687:
4686:
4684:
4683:
4681:Squeeze bottle
4678:
4673:
4668:
4662:
4660:
4656:
4655:
4653:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4630:Mustard brands
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4581:
4579:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4550:
4549:
4539:
4533:
4531:
4525:
4524:
4522:
4521:
4519:Yellow mustard
4516:
4511:
4506:
4504:Tecuci mustard
4501:
4496:
4495:
4494:
4492:Creole mustard
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4458:
4456:
4450:
4449:
4447:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4429:Banana ketchup
4425:
4423:
4417:
4416:
4414:
4413:
4412:
4411:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4379:Ranch dressing
4376:
4371:
4369:Louis dressing
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4340:
4338:
4332:
4331:
4329:
4328:
4327:
4326:
4321:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4294:Carolina style
4290:
4288:
4284:
4283:
4281:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4224:
4222:
4218:
4217:
4215:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4210:Tonkatsu sauce
4202:
4197:
4196:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4183:Soup soy sauce
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4129:
4127:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4119:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4107:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4086:
4085:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4054:
4053:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3967:
3965:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3931:
3930:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3869:
3868:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3842:
3840:
3834:
3833:
3831:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3734:
3732:
3726:
3725:
3718:
3716:
3714:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3681:Teriyaki sauce
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3597:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3494:Cocktail sauce
3491:
3486:
3481:
3480:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3427:Bigarade sauce
3424:
3422:Barbecue sauce
3419:
3414:
3409:
3403:
3401:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3391:List of syrups
3388:
3383:
3377:
3374:
3373:
3366:
3365:
3358:
3351:
3343:
3337:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3311:
3304:
3303:External links
3301:
3300:
3299:
3289:
3274:
3261:
3246:
3240:
3227:
3221:
3208:
3193:
3185:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3166:LIVESTRONG.COM
3153:
3130:
3087:
3044:
3003:
2952:
2909:
2882:
2871:(3): 355–361.
2865:Food Chemistry
2855:
2814:
2799:
2773:
2760:
2741:
2715:
2709:978-1609619459
2708:
2684:
2660:
2633:
2612:
2578:
2565:
2546:
2539:
2519:
2493:
2471:
2464:
2444:
2419:
2401:
2379:
2351:
2298:
2291:
2282:Food Chemistry
2270:
2241:
2219:
2188:
2181:
2161:
2135:
2105:
2093:
2066:
2048:
2020:
2013:
1993:
1986:
1964:
1957:
1934:
1909:
1902:
1879:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1833:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1801:
1796:
1790:
1789:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1767:
1761:
1753:
1745:
1737:
1731:
1723:
1715:
1709:
1708:in El Salvador
1701:
1693:
1685:
1676:
1671:
1668:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1635:
1616:
1605:
1593:
1592:
1573:
1516:
1515:
1503:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1490:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1462:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1449:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1433:
1428:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1379:
1370:
1369:
1362:
1357:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1337:
1330:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1215:Health effects
1213:
1212:
1211:
1203:
1196:
1194:
1185:
1178:
1176:
1170:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1151:
1149:
1141:
1134:
1132:
1124:
1117:
1115:
1101:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1082:
835:кислая капуста
786:Czech Republic
637:
634:
524:pasteurization
494:
491:
462:Eastern Europe
405:Serbo-Croatian
337:lahana turşusu
161:
158:
154:Eastern Europe
117:that has been
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4769:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4752:Vegan cuisine
4750:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4699:
4697:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4663:
4661:
4659:Accoutrements
4657:
4651:
4650:Pickled foods
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4578:List articles
4576:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4554:Black vinegar
4552:
4548:
4545:
4544:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4534:
4532:
4530:
4526:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4514:Turun sinappi
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4499:Sweet mustard
4497:
4493:
4490:
4489:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4467:Honey mustard
4465:
4463:
4462:Dijon mustard
4460:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4451:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4439:Fruit ketchup
4437:
4435:
4434:Curry ketchup
4432:
4430:
4427:
4426:
4424:
4422:
4418:
4410:
4409:Wafu dressing
4407:
4406:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4341:
4339:
4337:
4333:
4325:
4324:Salsa criolla
4322:
4320:
4319:Pico de gallo
4317:
4316:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4291:
4289:
4285:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4225:
4223:
4219:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4180:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4130:
4128:
4124:
4118:
4115:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4101:
4100:Yeast extract
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4084:
4081:
4080:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4052:
4049:
4048:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3986:Biber salçası
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3976:Anchovy paste
3974:
3972:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3962:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3918:Pickled fruit
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3841:
3835:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3743:Baba ghanoush
3741:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3731:
3727:
3722:
3712:
3711:Zingara sauce
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3581:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3457:Cheddar sauce
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3447:Alfredo sauce
3445:
3444:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3437:Buffalo sauce
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3398:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3378:
3375:
3371:
3364:
3359:
3357:
3352:
3350:
3345:
3344:
3341:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3319:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3296:
3292:
3286:
3282:
3281:
3275:
3264:
3258:
3254:
3253:
3247:
3243:
3237:
3233:
3228:
3224:
3218:
3214:
3209:
3198:
3194:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3167:
3163:
3157:
3141:
3134:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3091:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3048:
3040:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3007:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2956:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2925:(12): 982–5.
2924:
2920:
2913:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2886:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2859:
2851:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2834:(6): 816–26.
2833:
2829:
2825:
2818:
2810:
2803:
2787:
2783:
2777:
2770:
2764:
2756:
2752:
2745:
2730:
2729:TheHealthBank
2726:
2719:
2711:
2705:
2701:
2698:(2013). "6".
2697:
2691:
2689:
2673:
2667:
2665:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2630:
2626:
2625:
2616:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2582:
2575:
2569:
2561:
2557:
2550:
2542:
2540:9780595180806
2536:
2533:. iUniverse.
2532:
2531:
2523:
2507:
2503:
2497:
2481:
2475:
2467:
2461:
2457:
2456:
2448:
2433:
2429:
2423:
2415:
2411:
2405:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2376:
2372:
2371:10.17226/1939
2368:
2364:
2363:
2355:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2313:
2311:
2302:
2294:
2292:9783540699330
2288:
2284:
2283:
2274:
2258:
2251:
2245:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2229:
2223:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2192:
2184:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2165:
2149:
2145:
2139:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2109:
2103:, p. 78.
2102:
2097:
2081:
2077:
2070:
2062:
2058:
2052:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2024:
2016:
2010:
2006:
2005:
1997:
1989:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1968:
1960:
1954:
1950:
1949:
1941:
1939:
1922:
1916:
1914:
1905:
1899:
1895:
1894:
1886:
1884:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1855:
1853:
1848:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1781:
1776:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1670:Similar foods
1667:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1654:
1653:trisaccharide
1650:
1646:
1639:Disadvantages
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1618:In 2002, the
1617:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1577:unpasteurized
1574:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1550:dietary fiber
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1522:
1521:
1513:
1509:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1468:
1461:
1459:
1455:
1448:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1380:
1378:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1355:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1335:
1331:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1277:
1276:Dietary fiber
1273:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1252:Carbohydrates
1247:
1243:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1228:
1209:
1208:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1182:
1177:
1174:
1167:
1162:
1155:
1150:
1146:
1145:
1138:
1133:
1129:
1128:
1121:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1107:
1098:
1093:
1086:
1081:
1080:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1036:it is called
1035:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1002:
998:
993:
991:
987:
983:
978:
976:
972:
971:székelygulyás
968:
963:
961:
956:
954:
953:
948:
945:
944:national dish
942:
938:
937:
932:
931:
926:
925:black pudding
922:
918:
917:
912:
908:
907:
902:
901:
896:
895:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
857:
854:
842:
831:
826:
823:
811:
810:kysla kapusta
804:кисла капуста
800:
795:
793:
792:
787:
783:
782:
777:
773:
772:
767:
766:
761:
760:national dish
757:
756:
751:
750:
745:
744:
739:
738:
733:
732:
728:
723:
721:
715:
713:
712:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
642:
633:
631:
626:
621:
619:
617:
612:
611:
606:
605:
600:
595:
593:
589:
588:
583:
579:
575:
574:
569:
568:
563:
562:Lactobacillus
559:
555:
554:
549:
548:
543:
542:
537:
532:
527:
525:
520:
516:
512:
508:
499:
490:
488:
484:
480:
479:
473:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
446:
444:
443:kysla kapusta
439:кисла капуста
436:
432:
428:
424:
423:kyslá kapusta
420:
415:
406:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
358:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
329:
323:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
282:
278:
277:kələm turşusu
274:
270:
266:
262:
257:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
234:
229:
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
205:
201:
200:
199:De re Rustica
195:
191:
190:
185:
181:
177:
171:
166:
157:
155:
151:
147:
143:
142:national dish
138:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
93:
87:
77:
38:
30:
26:
22:
4564:Malt vinegar
4046:Meat extract
4026:Liver spread
3934:
3903:Pepper jelly
3837:Pickles and
3696:Tomato sauce
3671:Tartar sauce
3626:Peanut sauce
3621:Oyster sauce
3594:Miracle Whip
3569:Lechon sauce
3477:Nacho cheese
3472:Mornay sauce
3452:Caruso sauce
3442:Cheese sauce
3316:
3295:the original
3279:
3266:. Retrieved
3251:
3231:
3212:
3200:. Retrieved
3189:
3184:Bibliography
3169:. Retrieved
3165:
3156:
3144:. Retrieved
3133:
3103:(2): 111–7.
3100:
3096:
3090:
3060:(6): 632–7.
3057:
3053:
3047:
3020:
3016:
3006:
2998:the original
2972:(5): 603–9.
2969:
2965:
2955:
2922:
2918:
2912:
2898:(6): 352–4.
2895:
2891:
2885:
2868:
2864:
2858:
2831:
2827:
2817:
2802:
2790:. Retrieved
2785:
2776:
2768:
2763:
2757:(53–76): 62.
2754:
2750:
2744:
2732:. Retrieved
2728:
2718:
2699:
2675:. Retrieved
2651:. Retrieved
2623:
2615:
2603:. Retrieved
2594:
2581:
2573:
2568:
2559:
2549:
2529:
2522:
2510:. Retrieved
2505:
2496:
2484:. Retrieved
2474:
2454:
2447:
2435:. Retrieved
2431:
2422:
2413:
2404:
2392:. Retrieved
2361:
2354:
2342:. Retrieved
2335:the original
2325:(1): 30–33.
2322:
2318:
2309:
2301:
2281:
2273:
2261:. Retrieved
2256:
2244:
2236:
2232:
2226:
2222:
2210:. Retrieved
2206:the original
2201:
2191:
2171:
2164:
2152:. Retrieved
2148:the original
2138:
2126:. Retrieved
2117:
2108:
2096:
2084:. Retrieved
2080:the original
2069:
2060:
2051:
2039:. Retrieved
2033:
2023:
2003:
1996:
1977:
1974:"Sauerkraut"
1967:
1947:
1925:. Retrieved
1892:
1870:. Retrieved
1864:
1861:"sauerkraut"
1764:Kiseli kupus
1755:
1747:
1739:
1725:
1717:
1712:Dill pickles
1703:
1695:
1687:
1679:
1673:
1642:
1628:cancer cells
1619:
1613:canker sores
1587:. Fiber and
1581:lactobacilli
1540:and high in
1519:
1487:
1482:
1435:
1430:
1423:
1364:
1359:
1352:
1318:
1294:
1250:
1205:
1187:
1172:
1142:
1125:
1103:
1077:
1053:Pennsylvania
1046:
1037:
1031:
1004:
994:
986:varza murata
979:
974:
970:
964:
957:
950:
946:
934:
928:
914:
904:
900:schweinshaxe
898:
892:
858:
827:
796:
789:
779:
769:
763:
762:of Russia),
753:
747:
741:
735:
734:, Ukrainian
729:
724:
716:
709:
702:Bell peppers
698:benzoic acid
647:
630:L. plantarum
629:
622:
614:
608:
602:
596:
585:
573:L. plantarum
571:
565:
561:
557:
551:
547:Enterobacter
545:
539:
531:lactobacilli
528:
504:
476:
474:
450:frozen foods
447:
442:
345:varză murată
269:lakër turshi
258:
253:
249:
231:
227:
225:
217:Golden Horde
209:salt cabbage
208:
197:
187:
174:
169:
139:
108:sour cabbage
36:
35:
25:
4666:Cruet-stand
4625:Mayonnaises
4605:Fish sauces
4600:Fish pastes
4404:Vinaigrette
4389:Salad cream
4228:Asín tibuok
4168:Salmoriglio
4158:Perilla oil
4143:Mustard oil
4006:Coconut jam
3996:Chili paste
3893:Horseradish
3666:Steak sauce
3656:Salsa verde
3616:Mumbo sauce
3489:Chimichurri
3484:Chili sauce
3432:Brown sauce
2506:Times Union
2482:. Goethe.de
1786:Food portal
1651:due to the
1609:folk remedy
1596:During the
1538:food energy
1023:charcuterie
1021:sausages),
1019:Montbéliard
967:Szeklerland
936:schupfnudel
887:and smoked
877:South Tyrol
720:watermelons
650:Azerbaijani
618:pentosaceus
616:Pediococcus
558:Leuconostoc
483:World War I
431:kislo zelje
361:кисело зеле
293:kysané zelí
273:Azerbaijani
135:lactic acid
121:by various
4747:Sour foods
4712:Condiments
4696:Categories
4635:Hot sauces
4304:Kachumbari
4173:Sesame oil
4063:Nut butter
4011:Fish paste
3950:Tomato jam
3935:Sauerkraut
3908:Piccalilli
3778:Honey dill
3753:Duck sauce
3651:Salsa golf
3606:Mild sauce
3579:Mayonnaise
3564:Khrenovina
3524:Fritessaus
3519:Fish sauce
3462:Cheez Whiz
3407:Agre dulce
3370:Condiments
3192:, Volume 7
2432:Allrecipes
2394:19 January
2344:19 January
2263:16 January
2154:9 February
2086:9 February
2041:5 December
1872:27 January
1843:References
1649:flatulence
1589:probiotics
771:kapustnica
768:(Poland),
740:, Russian
666:Lithuanian
654:Belarusian
556:and other
541:Klebsiella
493:Production
475:The word "
466:James Cook
397:Macedonian
377:hapankaali
369:hapukapsas
353:kalam torş
297:Lithuanian
281:Belarusian
254:choucroute
228:Sauerkraut
127:shelf life
37:Sauerkraut
4336:Dressings
4309:Kachumber
4193:Toyomansi
4178:Soy sauce
4148:Olive oil
4133:Chili oil
4041:Malidzano
4016:Gochujang
3898:Ljutenica
3878:Encurtido
3839:preserves
3808:Skyronnes
3803:Nước chấm
3798:Nam phrik
3788:Muhammara
3768:Guacamole
3646:Remoulade
3549:Hot sauce
3539:Gastrique
3529:Fry sauce
3514:Dabu-dabu
3499:Colo-colo
3412:Agrodolce
2828:Br J Nutr
2512:1 January
2437:2 January
1794:Baiuvarii
1757:Kabichima
1749:Tsukemono
1719:Encurtido
1666:content.
1656:raffinose
1632:induction
1570:manganese
1562:potassium
1546:magnesium
1403:Vitamin K
1390:Vitamin C
1374:Vitamin B
1204:Alsatian
1144:Kapuśniak
1111:rookworst
1073:Baltimore
1065:condiment
1042:completos
694:cranberry
625:sourdough
604:Weissella
567:L. brevis
536:anaerobic
435:Ukrainian
381:Hungarian
357:Bulgarian
322:romanized
194:Columella
176:Fermented
119:fermented
4595:Chutneys
4529:Vinegars
4482:Mostarda
4454:Mustards
4421:Ketchups
4299:Coleslaw
4243:Gomashio
4233:Chipotle
4110:Vegemite
4031:Kyopolou
3823:Tzatziki
3793:Nam chim
3706:XO sauce
3701:Vincotto
3589:Kielecki
3268:23 April
3202:23 April
3171:15 March
3125:19673521
3082:25013053
3074:15151616
3039:17035381
2994:30048800
2986:10797279
2939:10779289
2904:12561618
2850:21092375
2792:15 April
2647:Archived
2643:30844154
2605:28 March
2599:Archived
2589:(2024).
2486:13 April
2389:25121339
2128:20 April
2122:Archived
1830:Suan cai
1799:Coleslaw
1772:See also
1752:in Japan
1741:Suan cai
1730:in Korea
1645:bloating
1488:Quantity
1431:Quantity
1425:Minerals
1360:Quantity
1354:Vitamins
1220:Benefits
1186:Pickled
1106:stamppot
1104:zuurkool
1069:Maryland
1027:potatoes
1001:Alsatian
973:and the
952:knedliky
911:sausages
889:pancetta
781:zelňačka
776:Slovakia
765:kwaśnica
749:pirozhki
737:varenyky
670:Moravian
658:Estonian
592:botulism
507:pickling
454:Northern
365:Estonian
341:Romanian
265:Albanian
250:zuurkool
233:suan cai
196:(in his
186:(in his
4737:Pickles
4477:Kasundi
4472:Karashi
4278:Za'atar
4258:Paprika
4117:Zacuscă
4105:Marmite
4073:Pindjur
3981:Bagoong
3940:Sumbala
3873:Curtido
3861:Chutney
3851:Atchara
3691:Tkemali
3686:Tiparos
3676:Tatbila
3661:Satsivi
3146:24 June
3117:2715165
2947:7782951
2734:11 June
2677:11 June
2653:21 June
2118:1001dad
1927:10 June
1705:Curtido
1697:Brovada
1585:enzymes
1542:calcium
1384:0.13 mg
1320:Protein
1189:Eisbein
1127:Pierogi
1038:chucrut
1015:Morteau
990:Sarmale
982:Romania
906:Kassler
894:eisbein
873:caraway
865:Austria
861:Germany
799:Ukraine
778:), and
731:pierogi
711:zakuski
686:carrots
678:Russian
662:Latvian
599:genomic
597:A 2004
509:called
458:Central
448:Before
427:Slovene
389:Latvian
373:Finnish
349:Persian
333:Turkish
324::
313:Russian
242:Central
215:by the
204:turnips
182:writer
168:Polish
150:Central
146:Germany
115:cabbage
102:
82:German:
4671:Sachet
4394:Tahini
4287:Salads
4095:Wasabi
4083:Caviar
4068:Palapa
4051:Bovril
4001:Chrain
3923:Relish
3856:Cheong
3783:Hummus
3641:Pistou
3584:Kewpie
3559:Kaymak
3509:Caruru
3467:Fondue
3400:Sauces
3287:
3259:
3238:
3219:
3123:
3115:
3080:
3072:
3037:
2992:
2984:
2945:
2937:
2902:
2848:
2706:
2641:
2631:
2537:
2462:
2387:
2377:
2289:
2212:20 May
2179:
2011:
1984:
1955:
1900:
1734:Silage
1727:Kimchi
1689:Atsara
1681:Achaar
1664:sodium
1566:copper
1554:folate
1465:661 mg
1458:Sodium
1452:1.5 mg
1303:0.14 g
1266:Sugars
1236:Energy
1171:Czech
1102:Dutch
1011:French
997:France
930:knödel
830:Russia
743:pirogi
727:Polish
690:apples
680:, and
674:Polish
582:acidic
519:kimchi
470:scurvy
460:, and
419:Slovak
305:Polish
192:) and
4314:Salsa
4273:Tekka
4200:Syrup
4163:Ponzu
4153:Patis
4090:Tapai
4058:Murri
4036:Maafe
4021:Harif
3971:Ajvar
3773:Hogao
3758:Duqqa
3738:Ajika
3636:Pesto
3631:Pearà
3554:Latik
3544:Gravy
3534:Garum
3504:Crema
3417:Aioli
3121:S2CID
3078:S2CID
2990:S2CID
2943:S2CID
2338:(PDF)
2315:(PDF)
2253:(PDF)
1494:Water
1410:13 μg
1397:15 mg
1327:0.9 g
1280:2.9 g
1270:1.8 g
1259:4.3 g
1063:as a
1034:Chile
1003:meal
941:Czech
909:) or
791:bigos
755:shchi
706:beets
478:Kraut
289:Czech
180:Roman
3888:Gari
3846:Amba
3828:Zhug
3818:Toum
3730:Dips
3285:ISBN
3270:2006
3257:ISBN
3236:ISBN
3217:ISBN
3204:2006
3173:2021
3148:2013
3113:PMID
3070:PMID
3035:PMID
2982:PMID
2935:PMID
2900:PMID
2846:PMID
2794:2013
2736:2015
2704:ISBN
2679:2015
2655:2024
2639:PMID
2629:ISBN
2607:2024
2535:ISBN
2514:2013
2488:2013
2460:ISBN
2439:2023
2396:2011
2385:PMID
2375:ISBN
2346:2011
2287:ISBN
2265:2011
2214:2024
2177:ISBN
2156:2012
2130:2019
2088:2012
2043:2020
2009:ISBN
1982:ISBN
1953:ISBN
1929:2007
1898:ISBN
1874:2018
1647:and
1611:for
1568:and
1558:iron
1544:and
1497:92 g
1445:Iron
1049:pork
863:and
746:and
704:and
613:and
570:and
544:and
517:and
244:and
184:Cato
152:and
131:sour
99:lit.
4248:MSG
4078:Roe
3105:doi
3101:115
3062:doi
3025:doi
2974:doi
2927:doi
2873:doi
2836:doi
2832:105
2595:FDA
2367:doi
2327:doi
1575:If
1463:29%
1436:%DV
1408:11%
1395:17%
1365:%DV
1296:Fat
1032:In
1017:or
995:In
980:In
965:In
933:or
871:or
859:In
828:In
797:In
758:(a
648:In
445:).
144:in
4698::
3164:.
3119:.
3111:.
3099:.
3076:.
3068:.
3058:19
3056:.
3033:.
3021:15
3019:.
3015:.
2988:.
2980:.
2970:86
2968:.
2964:.
2941:.
2933:.
2923:23
2921:.
2896:30
2894:.
2869:89
2867:.
2844:.
2830:.
2826:.
2784:.
2755:56
2753:.
2727:.
2687:^
2663:^
2645:.
2637:.
2597:.
2593:.
2558:.
2504:.
2430:.
2412:.
2383:.
2373:.
2323:69
2321:.
2317:.
2255:.
2237:2.
2233:1.
2200:.
2116:.
2059:.
2032:.
1937:^
1912:^
1882:^
1863:.
1851:^
1564:,
1560:,
1556:,
1552:,
1450:8%
1382:8%
1044:.
1029:.
923:,
919:,
903:,
897:,
883:,
676:,
672:,
668:,
664:,
660:,
656:,
652:,
632:.
594:.
578:pH
472:.
456:,
441:,
437::
433:,
429::
425:,
421::
417:,
411:,
407::
403:,
399::
395:,
391::
387:,
383::
379:,
375::
371:,
367::
363:,
359::
355:,
351::
347:,
343::
339:,
335::
331:,
319:,
315::
311:,
307::
303:,
299::
295:,
291::
287:,
283::
279:,
275::
271:,
267::
223:.
156:.
97:,
80:;
70:aʊ
58:ər
52:aʊ
3362:e
3355:t
3348:v
3272:.
3244:.
3225:.
3206:.
3175:.
3150:.
3127:.
3107::
3084:.
3064::
3041:.
3027::
2976::
2949:.
2929::
2906:.
2879:.
2875::
2852:.
2838::
2811:.
2796:.
2738:.
2712:.
2681:.
2657:.
2609:.
2562:.
2516:.
2490:.
2468:.
2441:.
2416:.
2398:.
2369::
2348:.
2329::
2295:.
2267:.
2216:.
2185:.
2158:.
2132:.
2090:.
2063:.
2045:.
2017:.
1990:.
1961:.
1931:.
1906:.
1876:.
1572:.
1530:C
1526:K
1514:.
1376:6
1113:.
1009:(
850:(
838:(
819:(
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784:(
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49:s
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43:/
39:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
