935:
823:
116:
80:
109:
52:
73:
853:
775:
3331:
490:
714:, but just when success seemed to be within his reach, his forces suddenly broke off the siege, alarmed by a mysterious noise of chariots and horses and a great army, and fled, abandoning their camp and all its contents. The starving inhabitants of the city feasted on the spoils from the camp. As Prophet
918:
discovered nearby may have originally adorned a monumental gateway to the palace. According to Norma
Franklin, there is a possibility that the tombs of Omri and Ahab are located beneath the Iron Age palace. Excavations in the palace uncovered 500 pieces of carved ivory, portraying exotic animals and
565:
Archaeological evidence suggests a small rural settlement existed in
Samaria during Iron Age I (11–10th centuries BCE); remains from this period are several rock-cut installations, several flimsy walls, and typical pottery forms. Stager suggested to identify these remains with biblical Shemer's
674:
It was the only great city of Israel created by the sovereign. All the others had been already consecrated by patriarchal tradition or previous possession. But
Samaria was the choice of Omri alone. He, indeed, gave to the city which he had built the name of its former owner, but its especial
599:(884–873 BCE), marked the beginning of the northern Kingdom of Israel's transformation into a more complex kingdom. A later urban transformation of the capital and the kingdom, he believes, was characteristic of the more advanced phase of the
1899:, quote: "The script in which these ostraca are written is the Phoenician, which was widely current in antiquity. It is very different from the so-called square character, in which the existing Hebrew manuscripts of the Bible are written."
1342:. Thus the territorial designation is credited to the Assyrians and dated to that time; however, "Samaria" probably long before alteratively designated Israel when Samaria became the capital.
558:
The earliest reference to a settlement at this location may be the town of Shemer, or Shamir, which according to the Hebrew Bible was the home of the judge Tola in the 12th century BC (
675:
connection with himself as its founder is proved by the designation which it seems
Samaria bears in Assyrian inscriptions, "Beth-Khumri" ("the house or palace of Omri"). (Stanley)
2518:
Die
Dynastie Omri. Quellen und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte Israels im 9. Jahrhun- dert vor Christus. Forschungen zur Religion und Literatur des Alten und Neuen Testaments 124
3404:
919:
plants, mythological creatures, and foreign deities, among other things. Some scholars identified those with the "palace adorned with ivory" mentioned in the Bible (
1554:
1954:(Samaria; Sebaste, reports of the work of the joint expedition in 1931;1933, and of the British expedition in 1935; no.3). London: Palestine Exploration Fund.
1921:(Samaria-Sebaste. reports of the work of the Joint expedition in 1931–1933 and of the British expedition in 1935; no. 2). London: Palestine Exploration Fund,
238:
1941:(Samaria-Sebaste. Reports of the work of the joint expedition in 1931–1933 and of the British expedition in 1935; no.1). London: Palestine Exploration Fund.
1138:
607:(873–852 BCE). Finkelstein also suggested that the biblical narratives surrounding the northern Israelite kings were composed either in Samaria or
3339:
949:
In the 1960s, further small scale excavations directed by Fawzi
Zayadine were carried out on behalf of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan.
906:. The palace, constructed of massive roughly dressed blocks, is comparable in size and splendor to palaces built at the same period in northern
2531:
569:
Remains from the early Iron Age II (IIA) are missing or unidentified; Franklin believes this phase consisted of merely an agricultural estate.
978:
190:
3359:
640:
2991:
Franklin, Norma (2001). "Masons' Marks from the 9th
Century BCE Northern Kingdom of Israel. Evidence of the Nascent Carian Alphabet?".
1818:
3354:
647:
of silver, and built on its broad summit a city he named Šōmrōn (Shomron; later it became 'Samaria' in Greek), the new city replacing
2040:
3399:
3394:
3369:
2507:
Mallowan, M. E. L. (1978). "Samaria and Calah Nimrud: Conjunctions in
History and Archaeology". In Moorey, R.; Parr, P. (eds.).
108:
2826:
1773:
1630:
1522:
1477:
1365:
1237:
1017:
616:
3409:
395:
1092:"The Urban Renovation of Samaria–Sebaste of the 2nd and 3rd centuries CE: Observations on some architectural artefacts"
2661:
1926:
1689:
1324:
473:. This usage probably began after the city became Omri's capital, but is first documented only after its conquest by
72:
695:). A year later, he attacked it again, but he was utterly routed once more, and was compelled to surrender to Ahab (
1897:
Hebrew
Ostraca from Samaria, David G. Lyon, The Harvard Theological Review, Vol. 4, No. 1 (Jan., 1911), pp. 136–143
920:
700:
696:
667:
656:
652:
692:
973:
723:
1753:
1502:
559:
3344:
403:
258:
2240:
Sukenik, E.L. (1940). "Arrangements for the Cult of the Dead in Ugarit and
Samaria". In Vincent, L.-H. (ed.).
398:, retaining the Roman-era name Sebastia, is situated. The local archeological site is jointly administered by
1823:Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l'Académie Polonaise des Sciences)
998:
Bagnall, Roger S; Brodersen, Kai; Champion, Craige B; Erskine, Andrew; Huebner, Sabine R, eds. (2013-01-21).
902:
was discovered during this excavation. Archeologists believe it was built during the 9th century BCE by the
3419:
3260:"The Archaeology of the Ostraca House at Israelite Samaria: Epigraphic Discoveries in Complicated Contexts"
2842:
Eretz-Israel: Archaeological, Historical and Geographical Studies / ארץ-ישראל: מחקרים בידיעת הארץ ועתיקותיה
1594:
2838:"The Rulers of Samaria during the Fifth and Fourth Centuries BCE / מושלי מדינת שמרין במאות הה'–הד' לפסה"נ"
2017:
636:
578:
524:. Strategically perched atop a steep hill, the city had a clear and good view of the nearby countryside.
368:
322:
1610:
1562:
888:
439:
822:
934:
887:
and G.M. Crowfoot. The leading institutions were the British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem, the
498:
1896:
655:). As such it possessed many advantages. Omri resided here during the last six years of his reign (
875:
A second expedition was known as the Joint Expedition, a consortium of 5 institutions directed by
3071:"The Tombs of the Kings of Israel: Two Recently Identified 9th-Century Tombs from Omride Samaria"
1280:
999:
129:
2012:
1885:
1882:
1314:
3374:
2093:
Zayadine, F (1966). "Samaria-Sebaste: Clearance and Excavations (October 1965 – June 1967)".
1583:
869:
846:
739:
648:
360:
2242:
Mémorial Lagrange: Cinquantenaire del'École Biblique et Archéologique Française de Jérusalem
1221:
The Archaeology of Israelite Samaria. Volume 1: Early Iron Age through the Ninth Century BCE
1167:
2672:
The Archaeology of Israelite Samaria: Vol. I, Early Iron Age through the Ninth Century BCE.
968:
876:
644:
2651:
1765:
1681:
1514:
1009:
699:), whose army was no more than "two little flocks of kids" compared to that of Hadadezer (
19:
This article is about the ancient Israelite city. For the modern Palestinian village, see
8:
2809:
Ussishkin, David (1997). "Jezreel, Samaria and Megiddo: Royal Centres of Omri and Ahab".
910:. It was surrounded by official administrative structures on the west and northeast. Six
842:
794:, Herod rebuilt and expanded the city, bringing in 6,000 new inhabitants, and renamed it
755:
735:
734:
Towards the end of the 8th century BCE, possibly in 722 BCE, Samaria was captured by the
691:
attacked it along with thirty-two vassal kings, but was defeated with a great slaughter (
679:
Samaria is frequently the subject of sieges in the biblical account. During the reign of
584:
A massive royal acropolis was built on the site during the late Iron Age II, including a
478:
454:
356:
2406:
1669:
1588:
588:
and a palatial complex considered one of the largest Iron Age structures in the Levant.
3304:
3271:
3246:
3213:
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2756:
2715:
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1993:
1779:
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1191:
1119:
831:
592:
538:
352:
166:
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3205:
3176:
3156:
3127:
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2789:
2768:
2748:
2719:
2699:
2657:
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2589:
2552:
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2438:
2397:
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2340:
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2201:
2181:
2152:
2132:
1997:
1985:
1981:
1922:
1840:
1783:
1769:
1734:
1699:
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1626:
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1483:
1473:
1439:
1419:
1371:
1361:
1320:
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1233:
1195:
1123:
1111:
1072:
1013:
892:
759:
743:
711:
364:
283:
51:
3022:"The Cults of Isis and Kore at Samaria-Sebaste in the Hellenistic and Roman Periods"
2062:
3414:
3197:
3148:
3115:
3033:
3000:
2948:
2814:
2740:
2691:
2581:
2455:
2418:
2377:
2332:
2173:
2124:
2076:
1977:
1965:
1865:
1830:
1761:
1726:
1677:
1618:
1611:"Chapter 3 Israel and Judah from 926/925 to the Conquest of Samaria in 722/720 BCE"
1510:
1411:
1225:
1183:
1103:
1064:
1005:
835:
795:
718:
had predicted, "a measure of fine flour was sold for a shekel, and two measures of
612:
611:. After the fall of Israel during the 8th century, this information was brought to
542:
384:
57:
20:
1804:
1107:
2067:
1647:
884:
880:
865:
857:
799:
787:
438:(ruled 880s–870s BCE) purchased the hill in order to build his new capital city (
419:
380:
309:
270:
41:
1091:
2459:
1730:
1269:
1187:
1163:
521:
513:
466:
372:
3119:
3037:
3004:
2818:
2177:
2128:
1622:
849:
in 1909 and 1910; with the assistance of architect C.S. Fisher and D.G. Lyon.
577:
In the 9th and the 8th centuries BCE, Samaria was the capital of the northern
3388:
3300:
3242:
3209:
3160:
3086:
3045:
2960:
2919:
2886:
2853:
2793:
2752:
2703:
2634:
2593:
2556:
2484:
2344:
2294:
2220:
Reisner, George Andrew; Fisher, Clarence Stanley; Lyon, David Gordon (1924).
2209:
Reisner, George Andrew; Fisher, Clarence Stanley; Lyon, David Gordon (1924).
2185:
2136:
1989:
1844:
1835:
1738:
1714:
1487:
1423:
1375:
1115:
1076:
1068:
939:
924:
841:
Samaria was first excavated by the Harvard Expedition, initially directed by
763:
688:
585:
296:
205:
192:
3201:
1338:
Sargon ... named the new province, which included what formerly was Israel,
1033:
3186:"The Foundation Year of Samaria-Sebaste and its Chronological Implications"
2080:
1252:
1219:
1139:"'State couldn't care less that Jewish heritage sites are being destroyed'"
1052:
911:
779:
628:
509:
423:
376:
3152:
2269:
1355:
1229:
359:
and continued as an administrative centre. It retained this status in the
3323:
1274:
963:
3308:
3284:
3275:
3259:
3250:
3226:
3217:
3185:
3168:
3136:
3094:
3070:
2927:
2903:
2894:
2870:
2861:
2837:
2801:
2777:
2642:
2618:
2564:
2540:
2492:
2468:
2302:
2278:
852:
461:
name, Shamerayin. The city of Samaria gave its name to the mountains of
3053:
3021:
2968:
2936:
2760:
2728:
2711:
2679:
2601:
2573:
2430:
2389:
2352:
2321:"The Campaigns of Sargon II of Assur: A Chronological-Historical Study"
2320:
2259:
2193:
2161:
2144:
2112:
1431:
1403:
774:
710:, Ben Hadad of Aram-Damascus laid siege to Samaria during the reign of
234:
230:
2985:
The Archaeology of Israelite Samaria: Vol. II, The Eighth Century BCE.
2729:"Some Remarks on the Samaria Ivories and Other Iconographic Resources"
1587:
1469:
The Forgotten Kingdom: the archaeology and history of Northern Israel
1467:
943:
928:
684:
517:
474:
446:
303:
93:
2952:
2744:
2695:
2585:
2422:
2381:
2336:
2223:
Harvard Excavations at Samaria, 1908-1910. Vol. II: Plans and Plates
1415:
1857:
1566:
898:
A palace regarded as one of the largest Iron Age structures in the
791:
663:
388:
3330:
3103:
2811:
Congress Volume, Cambridge 1995: Vetus Testamentum, Supplements 66
2368:
Wright, G.E. (1959). "Israelite Samaria and Iron Age Chronology".
2258:
Crowfoot, J. W; Crowfoot, Grace Mary; Kenyon, Kathleen M. (1957).
2038:
2937:"Fractional Coins of Judea and Samaria in the Fourth Century BCE"
2778:"The Last Years of the Kingdom of Israel and the Fall of Samaria"
958:
903:
707:
600:
505:
489:
470:
462:
458:
450:
348:
340:
177:
2221:
2210:
938:
Carved ivory pieces unearthed in Samaria, now on display at the
666:
the right to "make streets in Samaria" as a sign of submission (
2541:"The Historical Background to the Conquest of Samaria (720 BC)"
2446:
Hennessy, J.B. (1970). "Excavations at Samaria-Sebaste, 1968".
997:
915:
899:
827:
719:
715:
608:
399:
254:
155:
1819:"Samaria-Sebaste. Portrait of a polis in the Heart of Samaria"
1561:, in accordance with the account relayed in the Hebrew Bible (
457:(ruled 745–727 BCE) and later it is called Samirin, after its
2511:. Warminster, England: Aris & Phillips. pp. 155–163.
1182:. Council for British Research in the Levant, London: 57–80.
907:
344:
729:
2653:
The fall of Samaria: an historical and archaeological study
1550:
1357:
The fortifications of ancient Israel and Judah, 1200-586 BC
680:
632:
604:
596:
494:
435:
3285:"The Iron Age II S-Tombs at Samaria-Sebaste, Rediscovered"
512:
on the coast and on another leading northward through the
2987:
Harvard Semitic Studies 50. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns.
3227:"A New Historical Reconstruction of the Fall of Samaria"
2674:
Harvard Semitic Studies 44. Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press.
806:) in the emperor's honor (translating the Latin epithet
481:, who turned the kingdom into the province of Samerina.
3264:
The Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research
2212:
Harvard Excavations at Samaria, 1908-1910. Vol. I: Text
1950:
Crowfoot, J. W.; K.M. Kenyon and G.M. Crowfoot (1957).
379:, the city was rebuilt and expanded by the Jewish king
2257:
1937:
Crowfoot, J. W.; K.M. Kenyon and E.L. Sukenik (1942).
1313:
Mills, Watson E.; Bullard, Roger Aubrey, eds. (1990).
290:
3141:
Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research
2578:
Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research
2370:
Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research
2248:
1408:
Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research
1273:
449:
inscriptions, Samaria is referred to as "Bet Ḥumri" (
3137:"Megiddo and Samaria: A Rejoinder to Norma Franklin"
2279:"Zur Siedlungsgeschichte des Talkessels von Samaria"
2249:
Crowfoot, J.W.; Kenyon, K.M.; Sukenik, E.L. (1942).
1034:"1 Kings 12 / Hebrew - English Bible / Mechon-Mamre"
738:
and became an administrative center under Assyrian,
316:
277:
2503:
Texts from Cuneiform Sources 5. New York. pp 69–87.
2063:"Symbolism in the Samaria ivories and architecture"
1877:Reisner, G. A.; C.S. Fisher, and D.G. Lyon (1924).
3405:Populated places established in the 9th century BC
2871:"The Fall of Samaria in Light of Recent Research"
2680:"The Samaria Ivories, Marzeaḥ, and Biblical Text"
2219:
2208:
2095:Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan
1390:Judges: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary
595:, the first palace at Samaria, probably built by
3386:
2469:"Fragments of an Achaemenid Throne from Samaria"
2230:
1966:"Observations on the Layout of Iron Age Samaria"
2314:. Translated by Hooke, S. H. London: SCM Press.
1617:. Penn State University Press. pp. 34–54.
1598:(New and revised ed.). T. Nelson and Sons.
1494:
508:, located close to a major road heading to the
426:derives the name from the individual (or clan)
3257:
3104:"Samria from the bedrock to the Omride palace"
2041:"The Samaria Ivories—Phoenician or Israelite?"
1161:
1053:"King Herod's Royal Castle at Samaria-Sebaste"
879:between 1931 and 1935; with the assistance of
406:, and is located on the hill's eastern slope.
2312:Samaria, the capital of the kingdom of Israel
2233:Samaria-Sebaste 2: Early ivories from Samaria
1887:), Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press
1360:. Adam Hook. Oxford: Osprey. pp. 28–29.
1319:. Mercer University Press. pp. 788–789.
979:List of modern names for biblical place names
923:). Some of the ivories are on display at the
868:, a collection of 102 ostraca written in the
1800:
1798:
1760:, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, pp. 1–3,
1557:, built the city and settled his men in the
1509:, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, pp. 1–3,
1312:
1253:"This Side of the River Jordan; On Language"
418:(שֹׁמְרוֹן), means "watch" or "watchman" in
148:
34:
3075:Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins
2908:Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins
2901:
2538:
2283:Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins
2261:Samaria-Sebaste 3: The objects from Samaria
2251:Samaria-Sebaste 1: The Buildings at Samaria
2039:Biblical Archaeology Society Staff (2017).
1963:
1465:
1268:
2530:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1089:
790:between the years 30–27 BCE. According to
3270:. American Schools of Oriental Research.
3134:
2808:
2619:"The Final Years of Samaria (730-720 BC)"
2617:Hayes, John H.; Kuan, Jeffrey K. (1991).
2616:
1879:Harvard Excavations at Samaria, 1908–1910
1834:
1795:
1246:
1136:
931:and in other locations across the world.
730:Assyrian, Babylonian, and Persian periods
603:, probably occurring during the reign of
520:. This location may be related to Omri's
16:Capital of the northern Kingdom of Israel
3282:
3101:
3068:
2990:
2506:
2445:
2231:Crowfoot, J.W.; Crowfoot, G. M. (1938).
2010:
1712:
1608:
1155:
933:
851:
821:
773:
722:for a shekel, in the gates of Samaria" (
488:
383:, who also fortified it and renamed it "
3019:
2868:
2726:
2649:
2239:
2060:
1917:Crowfoot, J. W.; G.M. Crowfoot (1938).
1213:
1211:
754:Samaria was destroyed a second time by
3387:
3367:
3258:Wetherill, R.; Tappy, Ron. E. (2016).
3183:
2934:
2571:
2466:
2404:
2367:
2318:
2309:
2264:. London: Palestine Exploration Fund.
2226:. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
2215:. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
1751:
1715:"Excavations at Samaria-Sebaste, 1968"
1667:
1582:
1500:
1401:
1306:
2835:
2775:
2677:
2253:. London: Palestine Exploration Fund.
2235:. London: Palestine Exploration Fund.
2056:
2054:
2045:Strata in Biblical Archaeology Review
2034:
2032:
1816:
1766:10.1002/9781444338386.wbeah11208.pub2
1682:10.1002/9781444338386.wbeah11208.pub2
1515:10.1002/9781444338386.wbeah11208.pub2
1461:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1392:. (Anchor Bible, Volume 6a), Page 185
1353:
1217:
1050:
1010:10.1002/9781444338386.wbeah11208.pub2
749:
639:, purchased the hill from its owner,
622:
394:The ancient city's hill is where the
3224:
2515:
2276:
2159:
1208:
662:Omri is thought to have granted the
572:
1758:The Encyclopedia of Ancient History
1674:The Encyclopedia of Ancient History
1615:A Concise History of Ancient Israel
1507:The Encyclopedia of Ancient History
1001:The Encyclopedia of Ancient History
803:
553:
504:Samaria was situated north-west of
429:
371:. Later, under the hegemony of the
313:
274:
149:
35:
13:
2501:Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles
2104:
2051:
2029:
1964:Finkelstein, Israel (2011-11-01).
1810:
1661:
1645:
1639:
1446:
1090:Dell’Acqua, Antonio (2021-09-20).
367:before being destroyed during the
14:
3431:
3317:
2244:. Paris: Gabalda. pp. 59–65.
1609:Schipper, Bernd U. (2021-05-25).
1573:(Book viii, chapter xii, verse 5)
1472:. pp. 65–66, 73, 78, 87–94.
1272:; et al., eds. (1901–1906).
1130:
387:" in honour of the Roman emperor
343:, a historical region bounded by
3329:
1982:10.1179/033443511x13099584885303
1807:Atlas Travel and Tourism Agency.
1284:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
114:
107:
78:
71:
50:
3400:Ruins in the State of Palestine
3395:Archaeological sites in Samaria
2875:The Catholic Biblical Quarterly
2782:The Catholic Biblical Quarterly
2087:
2004:
1957:
1944:
1931:
1911:
1902:
1890:
1871:
1851:
1745:
1706:
1668:Pummer, Reinhard (2019-12-20).
1646:Centre, UNESCO World Heritage.
1602:
1576:
1544:
1395:
1382:
1347:
1288:
1137:Greenwood, Hanan (2022-08-10).
1096:Palestine Exploration Quarterly
1057:Palestine Exploration Quarterly
974:Cities of the ancient Near East
769:
651:as the capital of his kingdom (
537:The earliest settlement on the
115:
79:
3345:New International Encyclopedia
3026:The Harvard Theological Review
2678:Beach, Eleanor Ferris (1993).
2166:The Harvard Theological Review
2117:The Harvard Theological Review
2013:"Tombs of the Kings of Israel"
1713:Hennessy, J. B. (1970-01-01).
1650:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre
1316:Mercer Dictionary of the Bible
1262:
1083:
1044:
1026:
991:
817:
321:) was the capital city of the
134:Show map of State of Palestine
1:
2162:"Hebrew Ostraca from Samaria"
2061:Pienaar, D. N. (2008-12-01).
1296:"Online Etymology Dictionary"
1108:10.1080/00310328.2021.1980310
984:
758:in 331 BCE, and again by the
532:
355:, Samaria was annexed by the
333:
326:
2902:Finkelstein, Israel (2000).
2572:Stager, Lawrence E. (1990).
2325:Journal of Cuneiform Studies
1466:Finkelstein, Israel (2013).
1402:Stager, Lawrence E. (1990).
1218:Tappy, Ron E. (1992-01-01).
1162:Burgoyne, Michael Hamilton;
864:Reisner's dig unearthed the
826:Tel Sebastia, controlled by
484:
465:, the central region of the
409:
304:
291:
7:
3410:Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)
2935:Gerson, Stephen N. (2001).
2869:Younger, K. Lawson (1999).
2018:Biblical Archaeology Review
952:
635:, the king of the northern
548:
369:Wars of Alexander the Great
353:Assyrian conquest of Israel
317:
278:
10:
3436:
3289:Israel Exploration Journal
2733:The Biblical Archaeologist
2684:The Biblical Archaeologist
2473:Israel Exploration Journal
2460:10.1179/007589170790216981
2411:The Biblical Archaeologist
1919:Early Ivories from Samaria
1884:, Vol 2: Plans and Plates
1731:10.1179/007589170790216981
1188:10.1179/007589105790088913
889:Palestine Exploration Fund
527:
469:, surrounding the city of
396:modern Palestinian village
300:
287:
18:
3135:Ussishkin, David (2007).
3120:10.1179/lev.2004.36.1.189
3038:10.1017/S0017816001029029
3005:10.1515/kadm.2001.40.2.97
2819:10.1163/9789004275904_019
2727:Albenda, Pauline (1994).
2509:Archaeology in the Levant
2178:10.1017/S0017816000006970
2129:10.1017/S001781600000674X
1752:Pummer, Reinhard (2019),
1623:10.1515/9781646020294-007
1595:Easton's Bible Dictionary
1501:Pummer, Reinhard (2019),
1051:Barag, Dan (1993-01-01).
493:Remains of the palace of
414:Samaria's biblical name,
365:Achaemenid Persian Empire
250:
245:
226:
221:
184:
173:
169:, Palestinian Territories
162:
143:
98:Show map of the West Bank
65:
49:
31:
3102:Franklin, Norma (2004).
3069:Franklin, Norma (2003).
2941:Near Eastern Archaeology
2113:"Excavations at Samaria"
2011:Franklin, Norma (2007).
1952:The Objects from Samaria
1939:The Buildings at Samaria
1836:10.12775/EtudTrav.30.019
1069:10.1179/peq.1993.125.1.3
786:The city was rebuilt by
351:to the north. After the
339:. It is the namesake of
32:
3360:Encyclopædia Britannica
3283:Yezerski, Irit (2017).
3225:Park, Sung Jin (2012).
3202:10.2143/AS.38.0.2033275
2776:Galil, Gershon (1995).
2539:Na'aman, Nadav (1990).
2467:Tadmor, Miriam (1974).
2160:Lyon, David G. (1911).
1553:, king of the northern
1281:The Jewish Encyclopedia
619:into the Hebrew Bible.
130:Palestinian Territories
3363:(11th ed.). 1911.
3184:Mahieu, Bieke (2008).
3020:Magness, Jodi (2001).
2656:. Leiden: E.J. Brill.
2499:Grayson, A.K. (1975).
2319:Tadmor, Hayim (1958).
2310:Parrot, André (1958).
1817:Segal, Arthur (2017).
1584:Easton, Matthew George
1354:Rocca, Samuel (2010).
946:
861:
838:
783:
677:
501:
3375:Catholic Encyclopedia
3334:Texts on Wikisource:
3153:10.1086/BASOR25067037
2983:Tappy, R. E. (2001).
2904:"Omride Architecture"
2836:Eshel, Hanan (1999).
2670:Tappy, R. E. (1992).
2650:Becking, Bob (1992).
2405:Wright, G.E. (1959).
2277:Bach, Robert (1958).
1388:Boling, R.G. (1975).
1230:10.1163/9789004369665
1004:(1 ed.). Wiley.
937:
855:
847:George Andrew Reisner
825:
777:
672:
492:
404:Palestinian Authority
361:Neo-Babylonian Empire
259:Palestinian Authority
206:32.27639°N 35.19500°E
144:Alternative name
3368:Vailhé, S. (1913). "
2813:. pp. 351–364.
2123:(4): 518–519. 1908.
2097:, vol. 12, pp. 77–80
1555:ten tribes of Israel
1259:, 22 September 2010.
1168:"Bayt al-Hawwari, a
912:proto-Ionic capitals
881:Kathleen Mary Kenyon
877:John Winter Crowfoot
845:in 1908 and then by
453:"); but in those of
347:to the south and by
128:Location within the
92:Location within the
3420:Hebrew Bible cities
2580:(277/278): 93–107.
1410:(277/278): 93–107.
1172:House in Sabastiya"
1143:www.israelhayom.com
969:Biblical archeology
870:Paleo-Hebrew Script
843:Gottlieb Schumacher
756:Alexander the Great
736:Neo-Assyrian Empire
455:Tiglath-Pileser III
375:and the subsequent
357:Neo-Assyrian Empire
202: /
28:
1805:Sebaste, Holy Land
1300:www.etymonline.com
947:
862:
839:
784:
750:Hellenistic period
623:Biblical narrative
593:Israel Finkelstein
502:
451:"the house of Omri
211:32.27639; 35.19500
167:Nablus Governorate
26:
2828:978-90-04-10687-1
2574:"Shemer's Estate"
2516:Timm, S. (1982).
1775:978-1-4443-3838-6
1632:978-1-64602-029-4
1524:978-1-4443-3838-6
1479:978-1-58983-911-3
1404:"Shemer's Estate"
1367:978-1-84603-508-1
1239:978-90-04-36966-5
1019:978-1-4051-7935-5
893:Hebrew University
637:kingdom of Israel
627:According to the
579:Kingdom of Israel
573:Kingdom of Israel
541:was dated to the
323:Kingdom of Israel
264:
263:
56:Roman columns at
3427:
3379:
3364:
3349:
3333:
3312:
3279:
3254:
3221:
3180:
3131:
3098:
3065:
3016:
2980:
2931:
2898:
2865:
2832:
2805:
2772:
2723:
2667:
2646:
2613:
2568:
2535:
2529:
2521:
2512:
2496:
2463:
2442:
2401:
2364:
2315:
2306:
2273:
2254:
2245:
2236:
2227:
2216:
2205:
2156:
2098:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2058:
2049:
2048:
2036:
2027:
2026:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1961:
1955:
1948:
1942:
1935:
1929:
1915:
1909:
1906:
1900:
1894:
1888:
1875:
1869:
1866:Wars of the Jews
1862:De Bello Judaico
1855:
1849:
1848:
1838:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1793:
1792:
1791:
1790:
1749:
1743:
1742:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1665:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1591:
1580:
1574:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1463:
1444:
1443:
1399:
1393:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1335:
1333:
1310:
1304:
1303:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1277:
1266:
1260:
1250:
1244:
1243:
1215:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1166:(May 19, 2005).
1159:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1149:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1038:mechon-mamre.org
1030:
1024:
1023:
995:
836:Sebastia, Nablus
814:, "venerable").
805:
697:1 Kings 20:28–34
554:First settlement
543:Early Bronze Age
431:
428:Shemer (Hebrew:
338:
335:
331:
328:
320:
315:
307:
302:
294:
289:
281:
276:
217:
216:
214:
213:
212:
207:
203:
200:
199:
198:
195:
153:
152:
151:
135:
118:
117:
111:
99:
82:
81:
75:
54:
39:
38:
37:
29:
25:
21:Sebastia, Nablus
3435:
3434:
3430:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3424:
3385:
3384:
3352:
3337:
3320:
3315:
3190:Ancient Society
2953:10.2307/3210840
2829:
2745:10.2307/3210398
2696:10.2307/3210252
2664:
2586:10.2307/1357375
2523:
2522:
2423:10.2307/3209132
2382:10.2307/1355671
2337:10.2307/1359580
2111:
2107:
2105:Further reading
2102:
2101:
2092:
2088:
2081:10520/EJC111399
2068:Acta Theologica
2059:
2052:
2037:
2030:
2009:
2005:
1962:
1958:
1949:
1945:
1936:
1932:
1916:
1912:
1907:
1903:
1895:
1891:
1881:. (Vol 1: Text
1876:
1872:
1856:
1852:
1815:
1811:
1803:
1796:
1788:
1786:
1776:
1750:
1746:
1711:
1707:
1692:
1666:
1662:
1653:
1651:
1644:
1640:
1633:
1607:
1603:
1589:"Samaria"
1581:
1577:
1549:
1545:
1537:
1535:
1525:
1499:
1495:
1480:
1464:
1447:
1416:10.2307/1357375
1400:
1396:
1387:
1383:
1368:
1352:
1348:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1311:
1307:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1275:"Samaria"
1270:Singer, Isidore
1267:
1263:
1251:
1247:
1240:
1216:
1209:
1200:
1198:
1160:
1156:
1147:
1145:
1135:
1131:
1088:
1084:
1049:
1045:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1020:
996:
992:
987:
955:
942:in the city of
885:Eliezer Sukenik
866:Samaria Ostraca
834:, just east of
820:
788:Herod the Great
772:
752:
732:
693:1 Kings 20:1–21
683:, it says that
625:
575:
556:
551:
535:
530:
487:
412:
381:Herod the Great
336:
329:
210:
208:
204:
201:
196:
193:
191:
189:
188:
147:
139:
138:
137:
136:
133:
132:
126:
125:
124:
123:
119:
102:
101:
100:
97:
96:
90:
89:
88:
87:
83:
61:
45:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3433:
3423:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3383:
3382:
3381:
3380:
3365:
3350:
3327:
3324:Samaria (city)
3319:
3318:External links
3316:
3314:
3313:
3295:(2): 183–208.
3280:
3255:
3222:
3181:
3147:(348): 49–70.
3132:
3099:
3066:
3032:(2): 157–177.
3017:
2999:(2): 107–116.
2988:
2981:
2947:(3): 106–121.
2932:
2914:(2): 114–138.
2899:
2881:(3): 461–482.
2866:
2833:
2827:
2806:
2773:
2724:
2675:
2668:
2662:
2647:
2629:(2): 153–181.
2614:
2569:
2551:(2): 206–225.
2536:
2513:
2504:
2497:
2464:
2443:
2402:
2376:(155): 13–29.
2365:
2316:
2307:
2274:
2255:
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2228:
2217:
2206:
2172:(1): 136–143.
2157:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2086:
2050:
2028:
2003:
1976:(2): 194–207.
1956:
1943:
1930:
1910:
1901:
1889:
1870:
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1809:
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1744:
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1102:(3): 221–243.
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731:
728:
624:
621:
601:Omride dynasty
574:
571:
555:
552:
550:
547:
534:
531:
529:
526:
522:foreign policy
514:Jezreel Valley
499:king of Israel
497:, the seventh
486:
483:
467:Land of Israel
411:
408:
373:Roman Republic
337: 720 BCE
330: 880 BCE
262:
261:
252:
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228:
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55:
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15:
9:
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4:
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3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
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3269:
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3248:
3244:
3240:
3237:(1): 98–106.
3236:
3232:
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3211:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3191:
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3178:
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3150:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3133:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2989:
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2978:
2974:
2970:
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2734:
2730:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2690:(2): 94–104.
2689:
2685:
2681:
2676:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2663:9789004096332
2659:
2655:
2654:
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2024:
2020:
2019:
2014:
2007:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1947:
1940:
1934:
1928:
1927:0-9502279-0-0
1924:
1920:
1914:
1908:Noegel, p.396
1905:
1898:
1893:
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1693:
1691:9781405179355
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1564:
1563:1 Kings 16:24
1560:
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1326:9780865543737
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