Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics

356: 248: 1023: 38: 1270: 677:(DHS) has its own functional definition used for immigration policy. In 2012, DHS or ICE announced an expanded list of STEM-designated degree programs that qualify eligible graduates on student visas for an optional practical training (OPT) extension. Under the OPT program, international students who graduate from colleges and universities in the United States can stay in the country and receive up to twelve months of training through work experience. Students who graduate from a designated STEM degree program can stay for an additional seventeen months on an OPT STEM extension. 715: 451: 161:

program for talented under-represented students in the Washington, D.C., area called the STEM Institute. Based on the program's recognized success and his expertise in STEM education, Charles Vela was asked to serve on numerous NSF and Congressional panels in science, mathematics, and engineering education; it is through this manner that NSF was first introduced to the acronym STEM. One of the first NSF projects to use the acronym was STEMTEC, the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math Teacher Education Collaborative at the

783:, have run pilot after-school STEM programs to learn what the most promising practices are and how to implement them to increase the chance of student success. Another state to invest in STEM education is Florida, where Florida Polytechnic University, Florida's first public university for engineering and technology dedicated to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), was established. During school, STEM programs have been established for many districts throughout the U.S. Some states include 825: 833:

only six percent of STEM workers were black. Though STEM in the U.S. has typically been dominated by white males, there have been considerable efforts to create initiatives to make STEM a more racially and gender-diverse field. Some evidence suggests that all students, including black and Hispanic students, have a better chance of earning a STEM degree if they attend a college or university at which their entering academic credentials are at least as high as the average student's.

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objective is to propose a federal strategy anchored on a vision for the future so that all Americans are given permanent access to premium-quality education in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics. In the end, the United States can emerge as a world leader in STEM mastery, employment, and innovation. The goals of this plan are building foundations for STEM literacy; enhancing diversity, equality, and inclusion in STEM; and preparing the STEM workforce for the future.

367:"n May 2018, the launching ceremony and press conference for the 2029 Action Plan for China's STEM Education was held in Beijing, China. This plan aims to allow as many students to benefit from STEM education as possible and equip all students with scientific thinking and the ability to innovate." "In response to encouraging policies by the government, schools in both public and private sectors around the country have begun to carry out STEM education programs." 422:. To address the decline in interest in learning the areas of science, the Finnish National Board of Education launched the LUMA scientific education development program. The project's main goal was to raise the level of Finnish education and to enhance students' competencies, improve educational practices, and foster interest in science. The initiative led to the establishment of 13 LUMA centers at universities across Finland supervised by LUMA Center. 1324:

STEM field were however more likely to participate in undergraduate research programs. According to the study sexual minorities did show higher overall retention rates within STEM related fields as compared to heterosexual woman. Another study concluded that queer people are more likely to experience exclusion, harassment, and other negative impacts while in a STEM career while also having fewer opportunities and resources available to them.

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minority of STEM graduates ever work in highly-skilled STEM jobs, we identified three particular characteristics of the STEM labour market that may present challenges for employers: STEM employment appears to be predicated on early entry to the sector; a large proportion of STEM graduates are likely to never work in the sector; and there may be more movement out of HS STEM positions by older workers than in other sectors... "

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economy with comfortable foreign exchange reserves is mainly attributed to the skills of its STEM graduates. In India, women make up an impressive 43% of STEM graduates, the highest percentage worldwide. However, they hold only 14% of STEM-related jobs. Additionally, among the 280,000 scientists and engineers working in research and development institutes in the country, women represent a mere 14%

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bachelor's degrees or higher", and that "Most studies report that real wages in many—but not all—science and engineering occupations have been flat or slow-growing, and unemployment as high or higher than in many comparably-skilled occupations." Teitelbaum also wrote that the then-current national fixation on increasing STEM participation paralleled previous U.S. government efforts since

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students advanced knowledge and application in the field. After completing the program, the students will earn a Diploma in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics. In some colleges and universities, they require students applying for STEM degrees (like medicine, engineering, computer studies, etc.) to be a graduate of STEM, if not, they will need to enter a bridging program.

337:, $ 100 million in $ 60,000 scholarships for students beginning their university education in a STEM program at 20 institutions across Canada. Each year 40 Canadian students would be selected to receive the award, two at each institution, with the goal of attracting gifted youth into the STEM fields. The program also supplies STEM scholarships to five participating universities in 574:

information and experience sharing among the member countries and education experts. According to him, "This is the first SEAMEO regional center for STEM education, as the existing science education center in Malaysia only focuses on the academic perspective. Our STEM education center will also prioritize the implementation and adaptation of science and technology."

656:), and STEM education and learning research. The NSF is the only American federal agency whose mission includes support for all fields of fundamental science and engineering, except for medical sciences. Its disciplinary program areas include scholarships, grants, and fellowships in fields such as biological sciences, computer and 548:. Each year around 946 students, from about 40 high schools, participate in AL-Bairaq competitions. AL-Bairaq makes use of project-based learning, encourages students to solve authentic problems, and inquires them to work with each other as a team to build real solutions. Research has so far shown positive results for the program. 1346:

criticized the efforts of the U.S. government to increase the number of STEM graduates, saying that, among studies on the subject, "No one has been able to find any evidence indicating current widespread labor market shortages or hiring difficulties in science and engineering occupations that require

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Multiple programs and institutions are working towards increasing the inclusion and acceptance of LGBTQ+ people in STEM. In the US, the National Organization of Gay and Lesbian Scientists and Technical Professionals (NOGLSTP) has organized people to address homophobia since the 1980s and now promotes

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Despite recent changes in attitudes towards LGBTQ+ people, discrimination still permeates throughout STEM fields. A recent study has shown that sexual minority students were less likely to have completed a bachelor's degree in a STEM field, having opted to switch their major. Those that remained in a

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The Singapore Science Centre established a STEM unit in January 2014, dedicated to igniting students' passion for STEM. To further enrich students' learning experiences, their Industrial Partnership Programme (IPP) creates opportunities for students to get early exposure to real-world STEM industries

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The Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Teacher Education Collaborative (STEMTEC) was a five-year, $ 5,000,000 project funded by the National Science Foundation in 1998. Managed by the STEM Education Institute at UMass and the Five Colleges School Partnership Program, the collaborative

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In 2015, there were around 9.0 million STEM jobs in the United States, representing 6.1% of American employment. STEM jobs were increasing by around 9% percent per year. Brookings Institution found that the demand for competent technology graduates will surpass the number of capable applicants by at

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is focused on a different step of the scientific method and is presented by an experienced eCybermission CyberGuide. CyberGuides are military and civilian volunteers with a strong background in STEM and STEM education, who can provide insight into science, technology, engineering, and mathematics to

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As of 2023, the U.S. faces a shortage of high-skilled workers in STEM, and foreign talents must navigate difficult hurdles to immigrate. Meanwhile, some other countries, such as Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom, have introduced programs to attract talent at the expense of the United States.

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who are skilled in these fields. It has also become commonplace in education discussions as a reference to the shortage of skilled workers and inadequate education in these areas. The term tends not to refer to the non-professional and less visible sectors of the fields, such as electronics assembly

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In the United States, the acronym began to be used in education and immigration debates in initiatives to begin to address the perceived lack of qualified candidates for high-tech jobs. It also addresses concern that the subjects are often taught in isolation, instead of as an integrated curriculum.

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STEM is part of the Applied Learning Programme (ALP) that the Singapore Ministry of Education (MOE) has been promoting since 2013, and currently, all secondary schools have such a program. It is expected that by 2023, all primary schools in Singapore will have an ALP. There are no tests or exams for

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Achilleos, Achilleas; Mettouris, Christos; Yeratziotis, Alexandros; Papadopoulos, George; Pllana, Sabri; Huber, Florian; Jaeger, Bernhard; Leitner, Peter; Ocsovszky, Zsofia; Dinnyes, Andras (2019). "SciChallenge: A Social Media Aware Platform for Contest-Based STEM Education and Motivation of Young

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stated: "In the United States, the STEM crisis theme is a perennial policy favorite, appearing every few years as an urgent concern in the nation’s competition with whatever other nation is ascendant, or as the cause of whatever problem is ailing the domestic economy. And the solution is always the

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In a study from 2019, it was shown that part of the success of women in STEM depends on the way women in STEM are viewed. In a study that researched grants given based primarily on a project versus primarily based on the project lead there was almost no difference in the evaluation between projects

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The Smithsonian Science Education Center (SSEC) announced the release of a five-year strategic plan by the Committee on STEM Education of the National Science and Technology Council on December 4, 2018. The plan is entitled "Charting a Course for Success: America's Strategy for STEM Education." The

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competition, sponsored by the Texas Space Grant Consortium, furthers that goal. College students compete to develop promotional plans to encourage students in middle and high school to study STEM subjects and to inspire professors in STEM fields to involve their students in outreach activities that

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In the 2015 run of the international assessment test the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), American students came out 35th in mathematics, 24th in reading, and 25th in science, out of 109 countries. The United States also ranked 29th in the percentage of 24-year-olds with science

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In 2017, Thai Education Minister Teerakiat Jareonsettasin said after the 49th Southeast Asia Ministers of Education Organisation (SEAMEO) Council Conference in Jakarta that the meeting approved the establishment of two new SEAMEO regional centers in Thailand. One would be the STEM Education Centre,

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signed a Directive No. 16 stating: "Dramatically change the policies, contents, education and vocational training methods to create a human resource capable of receiving new production technology trends, with a focus on promoting training in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM),

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The recent National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) report card made public technology as well as engineering literacy scores which determines whether students can apply technology and engineering proficiency to real-life scenarios. The report showed a gap of 28 points between low-income

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notes STEM fields careers are some of the best-paying and have the greatest potential for job growth in the early 21st century. The report also notes that STEM workers play a key role in the sustained growth and stability of the U.S. economy, and training in STEM fields generally results in higher

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exams. These electives are pure sciences (Physics, Chemistry, Biology), mathematics (Physics, Chemistry, Maths), and computer science (Physics, Chemistry, Computer Science). STEM subjects are also offered as electives taken in the 11th and 12th grades, more commonly referred to as first and second

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India is next only to China with STEM graduates per population of 1 to 52. The total number of fresh STEM graduates was 2.6 million in 2016. STEM graduates have been contributing to the Indian economy with well-paid salaries locally and abroad for the past two decades. The turnaround of the Indian

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Previously referred to as SMET by the NSF, in the early 1990s the acronym STEM was used by a variety of educators, including Charles E. Vela, the founder and director of the Center for the Advancement of Hispanics in Science and Engineering Education (CAHSEE). Moreover, the CAHSEE started a summer

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A study of the UK job market, published in 2022, found similar problems, which have been reported for the USA earlier: "It is not clear that having a degree in the sciences, rather than in other subjects, provides any sort of advantage in terms of short- or long-term employability... While only a

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PEW findings revealed in 2018 that Americans identified several issues that hound STEM education which included unconcerned parents, disinterested students, obsolete curriculum materials, and too much focus on state parameters. 57 percent of survey respondents pointed out that one main problem of

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announcement before the congressional vote on the STEM Jobs Act put President Obama in opposition to many of the Silicon Valley firms and executives who bankrolled his re-election campaign. The Department of Labor identified 14 sectors that are "projected to add substantial numbers of new jobs to

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In the United States, the National Science Foundation found that the average science score on the 2011 National Assessment of Educational Progress was lower for black and Hispanic students than for white, Asian, and Pacific Islanders. In 2011, eleven percent of the U.S. workforce was black, while

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Teerakiat said that the Thai government had already allocated Bt250 million over five years for the new STEM center. The center will be the regional institution responsible for STEM education promotion. It will not only set up policies to improve STEM education, but it will also be the center for

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Several European projects have promoted STEM education and careers in Europe. For instance, Scientix is a European cooperation of STEM teachers, education scientists, and policymakers. The SciChallenge project used a social media contest and student-generated content to increase the motivation of

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Adding to the complexity, global studies indicate that biology may play a significant role in the gender gaps in STEM fields because the propensity for women to pursue college degrees in STEM fields declines consistently as countries become more wealthy and egalitarian. As women are more free to

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Improving the experiences of women in STEM is a major component of increasing the number of women in STEM. One part of this includes the need for role models and mentors who are women in STEM. Along with this, having good resources for information and networking opportunities can improve women's

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The 2019 fiscal budget proposal of the White House supported the funding plan in President Donald Trump's Memorandum on STEM Education which allocated around $ 200 million (grant funding) for STEM education every year. This budget also supports STEM through a grant program worth $ 20 million for

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is an underwater robotics program that trains teachers to teach their students how to build an underwater remotely operated vehicle (ROV) in an in-school or out-of-school setting. Students build the ROV from a kit composed of low-cost, easily accessible parts, following a curriculum that teaches

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In Nigeria, the Association of Professional Women Engineers Of Nigeria (APWEN) has involved girls between the ages of 12 and 19 in science-based courses in order for them to pursue science-based courses in higher institutions of learning. The National Science Foundation (NSF) In Nigeria has made

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foreign languages, information technology in general education; " and asking "Ministry of Education and Training (to): Promote the deployment of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education in general education program; Pilot organize in some high schools from 2017 to 2018.

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Several Chinese cities have taken bold measures to add programming as a compulsory course for elementary and middle school students. This is the case of the city of Chongqing. However, most students from small and medium-sized cities have not been exposed to the concept of STEM until they enter

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has collaborated with Google to launch Pakistan's first grassroots-level Coding Skills Development Program, based on Google's CS First Program, a global initiative aimed at developing coding skills in children. The program aims to develop applied coding skills using gamification techniques for

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or DepEd. The STEM strand is under the Academic Track, which also includes other strands like ABM, HUMSS, and GAS. The purpose of the STEM strand is to educate students in the field of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, in an interdisciplinary and applied approach, and to give

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To promote STEM in China, the Chinese government issued a guideline in 2016 on national innovation-driven development strategy, "instructing that by 2020, China should become an innovative country; by 2030, it should be at the forefront of innovative countries; and by 2050, it should become a

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concluded, that "maintaining accounts of a ‘crisis’ in the supply of STEM workers has usually been in the interests of industry, the education sector and government, as well as the lobby groups that represent them. Concerns about a shortage have meant the allocation of significant additional

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Women constitute 47% of the U.S. workforce and perform 24% of STEM-related jobs. In the UK women perform 13% of STEM-related jobs (2014). In the U.S. women with STEM degrees are more likely to work in education or healthcare rather than STEM fields compared with their male counterparts.

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same: increase the supply of STEM workers through expanding STEM education. Time and again, serious and empirically grounded studies find little evidence of any systemic failures or an inability of market responses to address whatever supply is required to meet workforce needs."

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is an educational program, sponsored by the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Reserve Affairs. Students interact with military personnel to explore careers and make connections with the "real world". The program provides students with 20–25 hours of experience at

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Although women make up 47% of the workforce in the U.S., they hold only 24% of STEM jobs. Research suggests that exposing girls to female inventors at a young age has the potential to reduce the gender gap in technical STEM fields by half. Campaigns from organizations like the

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Turkish STEM Education Task Force (or FeTeMM—Fen Bilimleri, Teknoloji, Mühendislik ve Matematik) is a coalition of academicians and teachers who show an effort to increase the quality of education in STEM fields rather than focussing on increasing the number of STEM graduates.

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and careers. Curriculum specialists and STEM educators from the Science Centre will work hand-in-hand with teachers to co-develop STEM lessons, provide training to teachers, and co-teach such lessons to provide students with early exposure and develop their interest in STEM.

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ALPs. The emphasis is for students to learn through experimentation – they try, fail, try, learn from it, and try again. The MOE actively supports schools with ALPs to further enhance and strengthen their capabilities and programs that nurture innovation and creativity.

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and engineering, education and human resources, engineering, environmental research and education, geoscience, international science and engineering, mathematical and physical sciences, social, behavioral and economic sciences, cyberinfrastructure, and polar programs.

1053:(P.L. 110–69) became law on August 9, 2007. It is intended to increase the nation's investment in science and engineering research and in STEM education from kindergarten to graduate school and postdoctoral education. The act authorizes funding increases for the 84:

choices in schools. It has implications for workforce development, national security concerns (as a shortage of STEM-educated citizens can reduce effectiveness in this area), and immigration policy, with regard to admitting foreign students and tech workers.

870:. Bush proposed the initiative to address shortfalls in federal government support of educational development and progress at all academic levels in the STEM fields. In detail, the initiative called for significant increases in federal funding for advanced 706:

within each of the other subjects and beginning engineering at younger grades, even elementary school. It also brings STEM education to all students rather than only the gifted programs. In his 2012 budget, President Barack Obama renamed and broadened the

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The LUMA Center is the leading advocate for STEM-oriented education. Its aim is to promote the instruction and research of natural sciences, mathematics, computer science, and technology across all educational levels in the country. In the native tongue

4076: 370:"However, to effectively implement STEM curricula, full-time teachers specializing in STEM education and relevant content to be taught are needed." Currently, "China lacks qualified STEM teachers and a training system is yet to be established." 1363:

contributing editor Robert N. Charette echoed these sentiments in the 2013 article "The STEM Crisis Is a Myth", also noting that there was a "mismatch between earning a STEM degree and having a STEM job" in the United States, with only around

3243:"Al-Ghanim, K.A; Al-Maadeed, M.A and Al-Thani, N.J (Sept. 2014) : IMPACT OF INNOVATIVE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT BASED ON RESEARCH ACTIVITIES ON SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' ATTITUDE TOWARDS RESEARCH AND THEIR SELF-EFFICACY, EJES, 1(3), 39-57" 496:(Physics, Chemistry, Maths), and ICS (Physics/Statistics, Computer Science, Maths). These electives are intended to aid students in pursuing STEM-related careers in the future by preparing them for the study of these courses at university. 1281:

in 2012 women made up 47.3% of the total, 51% of the social sciences, business, and law, 42% of the science, mathematics, and computing, 28% of engineering, manufacturing, and construction, and 59% of PhD graduates in Health and Welfare.

270:, stated that "A renewed national focus on STEM in school education is critical to ensuring that all young Australians are equipped with the necessary STEM skills and knowledge that they must need to succeed." Its goals were to: 963:

is an international organization, and provider specializing in supporting education, award, and scholarship programs for STEM matters, from pre-K to college degrees. It also promotes scientific and technological innovation.

4140:"FACT SHEET: President Obama Announces Over $ 240 Million in New STEM Commitments at the 2015 White House Science Fair." National Archives and Records Administration. National Archives and Records Administration, n.d. Web. 757:

expressed their concern about the declining state of STEM education in the United States. Its Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy developed a list of 10 actions. Their top three recommendations were to:

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included the Five Colleges--Amherst, Hampshire, Mount Holyoke, and Smith Colleges, and UMass Amherst--plus Greenfield, Holyoke, and Springfield Technical Community Colleges, and several regional school districts.

2162: 4080: 1387:, wrote that, based on the data, science should not be grouped with the other three STEM categories, because, while the other three generally result in high-paying jobs, "many sciences, particularly the 5275: 1086:

or affect the growth of other industries or are being transformed by technology and innovation requiring new sets of skills for workers." The identified sectors were as follows: advanced manufacturing,

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has numerous programs in STEM education, including some for K–12 students such as the ITEST Program that supports The Global Challenge Award ITEST Program. STEM programs have been implemented in some

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According to the 2014 US census "74 percent of those who have a bachelor's degree in science, technology, engineering and math — commonly referred to as STEM — are not employed in STEM occupations."

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Moving along the STEM pipeline? The long-term employment patterns of science, technology, engineering and maths graduates in the United Kingdom. 2022. Research Papers in Education. 37/457-478.

2896: 165:, which was founded in 1998. In 2001, at the urging of Dr. Peter Faletra, the Director of Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists at the Office of Science, the acronym was adopted by 221:

STEMIE (science, technology, engineering, mathematics, invention, and entrepreneurship); adds Inventing and Entrepreneurship as a means to apply STEM to real-world problem-solving and markets.

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also has implemented programs and curricula to advance STEM education to replenish the pool of scientists, engineers, and mathematicians who will lead space exploration in the 21st century.

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Continuing STEM education has expanded to the post-secondary level through masters programs such as the University of Maryland's STEM Program as well as the University of Cincinnati.

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By cultivating an interest in the natural and social sciences in preschool or immediately following school entry, the chances of STEM success in high school can be greatly improved.

4421: 4443:"The STEM Workforce Challenge: the Role of the Public Workforce System in a National Solution for a Competitive Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce" 1328:

activism and support for queer scientists. Other programs, including 500 Queer Scientists and Pride in STEM, function as visibility campaigns for LGBTQ+ people in STEM worldwide.

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People identifying within the group LGBTQ+ have faced discrimination in STEM fields throughout history. Few were openly queer in STEM; however, a couple of well-known people are

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from men or women when evaluated on the project, but those evaluated mainly on the project leader showed that projects headed by women were given grants four percent less often.

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to increase the number of scientists and engineers, all of which he stated ultimately ended up in "mass layoffs, hiring freezes, and funding cuts"; including one driven by the

147:(social sciences, humanities and the arts for people and the economy). Some sources also use HEAL (health, education, administration, and literacy) as the counterpart of STEM. 293:

Canada ranks 12th out of 16 peer countries in the percentage of its graduates who studied in STEM programs, with 21.2%, a number higher than the United States, but lower than

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activities improve student creativity and application of knowledge, and establish a network of organations and personnel for the promotion of STEM education in the country.

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STEM education has not been promoted among the local schools in Hong Kong until recent years. In November 2015, the Education Bureau of Hong Kong released a document titled

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The name of STEM in France is industrial engineering sciences (sciences industrielles or sciences de l'ingénieur). The STEM organization in France is the association UPSTI.

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began handing out awards, titled NOVA and SUPERNOVA, for completing specific requirements appropriate to the scouts' program level in each of the four main STEM areas. The

4731: 4531: 1973: 4762: 903:(PLTW) is a provider of STEM education curricular programs to middle and high schools in the United States. Programs include a high school engineering curriculum called 3098: 718:

Healthcare and STEM, especially computer science, grew in popularity while the liberal arts and social studies, especially history, have declined due to market forces.

511:, has been successfully introduced in 225 Elementary and Secondary Schools. Many private organizations are working in Pakistan to introduce STEM education in schools. 5651: 2183: 2158: 1456: 500: 3595: 5503: 1421: 4614: 3734: 1069:, articulated success as increased student achievement, early expression of student interest in STEM subjects, and student preparedness to enter the workforce. 2628: 2477: 3469: 3047: 1214:

In 2015, the Ministry of Science and Technology and Liên minh STEM organized the first National STEM Day, followed by many similar events across the country.

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Unesco publication on girls education in STEM – Cracking the code: girls' and women's education in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) "

1935: 5942: 5937: 4191: 3914: 3170: 3785: 2020: 1662: 5777: 4795: 1441: 4816: 2052: 1336:

The focus on increasing participation in STEM fields has attracted criticism. In the 2014 article "The Myth of the Science and Engineering Shortage" in

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schools. They implement higher cognitive skills for students and enable them to inquire and use techniques used by professionals in the STEM fields.

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Shortage or Surplus? A Long-Term Perspective on the Supply of Scientists and Engineers in the USA and the UK. 2017. Review of Education. 5/171-199.

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In September 2017, several large American technology firms collectively pledged to donate $ 300 million for computer science education in the U.S.

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Li, Yan; Li, Jessica; Sun, Ye. "Young faculty job perceptions in the midst of Chinese higher education reform: the case of Zhejiang University".

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Salzman, H., Douglas, D., 2023. In: Tierney, R.J., Rizvi, F., Erkican, K. (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of Education, vol. 11. Elsevier.

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is a free, web-based science, mathematics, and technology competition for students in grades six through nine sponsored by the U.S. Army. Each

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resources to the sector whose representatives have, in turn, become powerful voices in advocating for further funds and further investment."

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in 2015, the Ministry of Education and Training included STEM as an area that needed to be encouraged in the national school year program.

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is an outreach program to high-school students with a curriculum that focuses on STEM, run by the Center for Advanced Materials (CAM) at

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stands for "luonnontieteellis-matemaattinen" (lit. adj. "scientific-mathematical"). The short is more or less a direct translation of

3073: 1989: 4122:"Science and Engineering Indicators 2014." S&E Indicators 2014 - Figures - US National Science Foundation (NSF). N.p., n.d. Web. 1173:

students and their high-income counterparts. The same report also indicated a 38-point difference between white and black students.

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has similarly incorporated STEM into their program through the introduction of merit badges such as "Naturalist" and "Digital Art".

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The Institute for the Promotion of Teaching Science and Technology has initiated a STEM Education Network. Its goals are to promote

5606: 4841: 3213: 4502: 6125: 4635: 3844: 941:, and other agencies that offer STEM-related programs. Activity of the STEM Coalition seems to have slowed since September 2008. 471:

conscious efforts to encourage girls to innovate, invent, and build through the "invent it, build it" program sponsored by NNPC.

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Kaye Husbands Fealing, Aubrey Incorvaia, and Richard Utz, "Humanizing Science and Engineering for the Twenty-First Century."

4909: 4210:"Preparing Zimbabwean Women for the Future of Work: The Role of STEM Education in The So-Called Fourth Industrial Revolution" 2355: 2097: 1722: 934: 140: 3094: 2318: 1808: 326:

has taken similar measures to their American counterpart to promote STEM fields to youth. Their STEM program began in 2015.

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on what constitutes a STEM field. The NSF uses a broad definition of STEM subjects that includes subjects in the fields of

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agenda of the United States. The acronym has been widely used in the immigration debate regarding access to United States

5874: 5829: 4817:"Chỉ thị số 16/CT-TTG của Thủ tướng Chính phủ: Về việc tăng cường năng lực tiếp cận cuộc Cách mạng công nghiệp lần thứ 4" 3997: 1556: 1446: 988: 867: 485: 309:, has over 30% of its university graduates coming from science, mathematics, computer science, and engineering programs. 247: 162: 4672: 1830:"President Bush Honors Excellence in Science, Mathematics and Engineering Mentoring | NSF - National Science Foundation" 6059: 5999: 5972: 4942:"Are gender gaps due to evaluations of the applicant or the science? A natural experiment at a national funding agency" 3591: 2595: 1062: 1022: 875: 5632: 5499: 2314:

Ken Whistler, Asmus Freytag, AMS (STIX); "Encoding Additional Mathematical Symbols in Unicode (revised)"; 2000-04-09.

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to encourage interest in STEM fields. STEM education can also leverage the combination of new technologies, such as

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According to Pew Research Center, a typical STEM worker earns two-thirds more than those employed in other fields.

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programs (including a doubling of federal funding support for advanced research in the physical sciences through

843: 285:, the Maths Challenge (Australian Mathematics Trust), Go Girl Go Global and the Australian Informatics Olympiad. 4188: 3903: 3534: 2947: 523:, STEM is a two-year program and strand that is used for Senior High School (Grades 11 and 12), assigned by the 6115: 6110: 6095: 5711: 4335: 3823: 2734: 2012: 1654: 455: 2204: 1269: 182:

A-STEM (arts, science, technology, engineering, and mathematics); more focused and based on humanism and arts.

6105: 6085: 6054: 6044: 5869: 5864: 4787: 3660: 2137: 2041: 1467: 1374:

of STEM graduates working in STEM fields, while less than half of workers in STEM fields have a STEM degree.

1256: 230:

STREAM (science, technology, robotics, engineering, arts, and mathematics); adds robotics and arts as fields

88:

There is no universal agreement on which disciplines are included in STEM; in particular, whether or not the

4131:

Landivar, Liana C. Disparities in STEM Employment by Sex, Race, and Hispanic Origin . Rep. N.p.: n.p., 2013.

4026: 2681: 2236:"STEEM and re-Project-Based Learning Design: A Case Study about Learning Economics by IT Students at School" 5919: 5879: 4298: 1083: 907:, a high school biomedical sciences program, and a middle school engineering and technology program called 846:

aimed to achieve a 50/50 gender balance in their youth STEM programs by 2020. The gender gap in Zimbabwe's

499:

A STEM education project has been approved by the government to establish STEM labs in public schools. The

479:

STEM subjects are taught in Pakistan as part of electives taken in the 9th and 10th grades, culminating in

334: 188:

GEMS (girls in engineering, math, and science); used for programs to encourage women to enter these fields.

37: 3192: 1887: 5967: 5962: 5859: 5844: 5727: 3010: 1781: 1631: 1307: 1066: 1054: 1041:

to increase diversity within its ranks, including age, disability, and gender as well as race/ethnicity.

1027: 938: 890: 670: 621: 170: 113: 17: 3556:"Immigration of Foreign Nationals with Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Degrees" 2840: 6120: 6100: 6019: 5989: 4169: 2412: 1200: 996: 859: 4998: 3946: 2920: 2205:"Virginia Tech and Virginia STEAM Academy form strategic partnership to meet critical education needs" 1294:

choose their careers, they are more prone to chose careers that relate to people rather than objects.

236:

STREAM (science, technology, recreation, engineering, arts, and mathematics); adds recreation and arts

6090: 3882: 2778: 2260: 1221: 765:

Strengthen the skills of teachers through additional training in science, mathematics, and technology

128:. In the United Kingdom, the social sciences are categorized separately and are instead grouped with 4545: 4055: 3389: 1211:

In Vietnam, beginning in 2012 many private education organizations have STEM education initiatives.

5854: 5824: 4758: 4442: 1234: 1195: 4151:

Want to Be a Doctor? A Scientist? An Engineer?: An Affirmative Action Leg Up May Hurt Your Chances

1577: 714: 6009: 5984: 5819: 5814: 5276:"The New STEM Gap: Study Confirms Gay Men Are Less Likely Than Straight Men To Be In STEM Fields" 4386: 2571: 1395: 1004: 524: 274:"Ensure all students finish school with strong foundational knowledge in STEM and related skills" 5077: 4888: 4575: 3411: 3359: 233:

STREAM (science, technology, reading, engineering, arts, and mathematics); adds reading and arts

6039: 6024: 5652:"Statement To House & Senate Appriopriators In Support Of STEM Education And NSF Education" 4576:"Where do college graduates work? A Special Focus on Science, Technology, Engineering and Math" 4473: 3683: 3501: 2184:"STEAM: Science, Technology, Engineering, Agriculture and Mathematics Education in Agroecology" 1487: 1355:

of the late 1950s and 1960s, which he wrote led to "a bust of serious magnitude in the 1970s."

1303: 1108: 954: 850:

is also significant, with only 28.79% of women holding STEM degrees compared to 71.21% of men.

636:

science, engineering, geoscience, life sciences, mathematical sciences, physics and astronomy,

633: 218:

STEEM (science, technology, engineering, economics, and mathematics); adds economics as a field

42: 4150: 3709: 5894: 5834: 5756: 1426: 1343: 1100: 1092: 950: 31: 3119: 2387:"How to Connect Science, Technology, Engineering, Robotics, Arts, and Math in the Classroom" 410:, with engineering fields included by association. However, unlike STEM, the term is also a 6064: 6049: 6014: 6004: 5849: 5721: 5312: 5220: 5142: 4262: 3324: 3070:"Early Age Programming | KPITB | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Information Technology Board" 1317: 1248: 1238: 1190: 1132: 1128: 1065:(DOE) Office of Science over FY2008–FY2010. Robert Gabrys, Director of Education at NASA's 1050: 900: 735: 5728:

Wing Lau – Chief Engineer at the Department of Physics, Oxford University (Oct 12, 2017).

4546:"Census Bureau Reports Majority of STEM College Graduates Do Not Work in STEM Occupations" 3069: 8: 6029: 5979: 5889: 5839: 4999:"Addressing the Gender Gap in Research: Insights from a Women in Neuroscience Conference" 4694:"Analysis | Suddenly, Trump wants to spend millions of dollars on STEM in public schools" 768:

Enlarge the pipeline of students prepared to enter college and graduate with STEM degrees

657: 578: 210: 5762: 5316: 5224: 5146: 4845: 4266: 4101: 5685:

Gender and Information Technology: Moving Beyond Access to Co-Create Global Partnership

5546: 5398: 5333: 5300: 5256: 5243: 5210: 5198: 5171: 5130: 5034: 4979: 4510: 4077:"A STEM Degree that Inspires Innovation | UC's Master of Education Online Program" 2818: 2361: 2103: 1933: 1403: 1252: 1096: 992: 599:

Maintaining a citizenry that is well-versed in the STEM fields is a key portion of the

508: 206:

STEAM (science, technology, engineering, agriculture, and mathematics); add agriculture

5472: 4958: 4941: 4940:

Witteman, Holly O; Hendricks, Michael; Straus, Sharon; Tannenbaum, Cara (2019-02-09).

2078:"Practical science education in remote sensing at the DLR_School_Lab Oberpfaffenhofen" 5707: 5688: 5550: 5402: 5390: 5382: 5338: 5260: 5248: 5176: 5158: 5057: 5038: 5026: 5018: 4971: 4963: 4905: 4357: 4280: 4231: 3164: 2965: 2438: 2351: 2235: 2093: 1602: 1104: 1000: 960: 824: 711:" to award block grants to states for improving teacher education in those subjects. 390: 266:

The Australian Curriculum, Assessment, and Reporting Authority 2015 report entitled,

109: 4983: 3616: 2822: 2365: 2107: 450: 5566: 5542: 5525: 5372: 5328: 5320: 5238: 5228: 5166: 5150: 5010: 4953: 4897: 4270: 4221: 3269: 3242: 2810: 2343: 2336:"Classification of Science, Technology and Medicine (STM) Domains with PSO and NBC" 2085: 1936:"The Guidance of A-STEM Curriculum Construction in Longgang District Shenzhen City" 1685: 1244: 629: 600: 545: 330: 77: 5570: 5131:"Coming out in STEM: Factors affecting retention of sexual minority STEM students" 4226: 4209: 2315: 1714: 762:

Increase America's talent pool by improving K–12 science and mathematics education

393:

project AutoSTEM used automata to introduce STEM subjects to very young children.

112:. In the United States, these are typically included by organizations such as the 5233: 4195: 4176: 4157: 3851: 2322: 1999: 1977: 1970: 1802: 1383: 1136: 1124: 682: 637: 281:

Events and programs meant to help develop STEM in Australian schools include the

227:

STM (scientific, technical, and mathematics or science, technology, and medicine)

2089: 1863:

The Center for the Advancement of Hispanics in Science and Engineering Education

1749:

The Center for the Advancement of Hispanics in Science and Engineering Education

931:

The Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Education Coalition

5701: 5014: 2347: 2335: 2077: 1278: 1112: 863: 796: 93: 4607:"Tech Firms Add $ 300 Million to Trump Administration's Computer Science Push" 4189:"Who Becomes an Inventor in America? The Importance of Exposure to Innovation" 4005: 2334:

Junianto, Erfian; Nurbayanti Shobary, Mayya; Rachman, Rizal (August 7, 2018).

1858: 1552: 1518:"Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Education: A Primer" 878:) and an increase in U.S. higher education graduates within STEM disciplines. 669:

Although many organizations in the United States follow the guidelines of the

442:, which proposes strategies and recommendations for promoting STEM education. 6079: 5386: 5162: 5022: 4967: 4664: 4235: 3904:"Final Report : California Department of Education : CDE Agreement" 2814: 2710:"China's STEM Education in Action: Observations, Initiatives and Reflections" 1477: 1436: 1388: 1378: 1359: 1120: 972: 731: 480: 323: 277:"Ensure that students are inspired to take on more challenging STEM subjects" 254: 57: 5704:

Standing Our Ground: A Guidebook for STEM Educators in the Post-Michigan Era

4275: 4250: 2599: 2340:

2018 6th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management (CITSM)

1744: 507:

The KPITBs Early Age Programming initiative, established in the province of

316:

students in July. The program focuses on academic learning, particularly in

194:

SHTEAM (science, humanities, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics)

173:(NSF). The Office of Science was also an early adopter of the STEM acronym. 5394: 5377: 5360: 5342: 5324: 5252: 5180: 5154: 5030: 4975: 4284: 3329: 1348: 1338: 1035: 912: 847: 641: 345: 317: 200: 166: 3555: 1934:

Shenzhen City Longgang District Education Bureau, China (27 August 2018).

1517: 5798: 4889:

European Commission. Directorate General for Research Innovation (2016).

4532:"The typical STEM worker now earns two-thirds more than non-STEM workers" 3214:"The Peninsula Qatar - Al Bairaq holds workshop for high school students" 2799: 2512: 1313: 1184: 1078: 919: 828:

Significant race or sex differences exist in the completion of Algebra I.

727: 703: 520: 493: 411: 313: 73: 69: 60:

used to group together the distinct but related technical disciplines of

3968: 1014:

basic engineering and science concepts with a marine engineering theme.

312:

SHAD is an annual Canadian summer enrichment program for high-achieving

1991:

Arbor Height Elementary to implement "eSTEM" curriculum in coming years

1381:, in a 2014 study of post-graduation earnings in the United States for 1352: 1088: 784: 780: 743: 649: 197:

SMET (science, mathematics, engineering, and technology); previous name

129: 97: 81: 65: 5529: 4724:"Charting a Course for Success: America's Strategy for STEM Education" 3710:"STEM Education for Preschoolers – Importance of Early STEM Education" 3294: 3737:. American Association for the Advancement of Science. Archived from 3530: 2682:"Experts say STEM education is the key to nurturing necessary talent" 1116: 653: 645: 625: 620:

Many organizations in the United States follow the guidelines of the

604: 541: 105: 101: 41:

A high school student explains her engineering project to a judge in

4503:"STEM Jobs: 2017 Update | Economics & Statistics Administration" 4327: 3815: 1277:

The gender ratio depends on the field of study. For example, in the

5215: 4901: 2621:"Toronto philanthropist Schulich unveils $ 100-million scholarship" 1553:"Research, Development, Design, and Practitioners STEM Occupations" 1472: 1451: 1010: 983: 792: 747: 681:

In the case of China, the United States risks losing its edge over

489: 305:. The peer country with the greatest proportion of STEM graduates, 224:

STEMM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine)

2651:"Philanthropist Makes $ 100 Million Investment In Nation's Future" 2129: 5794: 4939: 2333: 2316:

Math Symbols 2000-04-19 - Unicode Consortium (accessed 2016-10-21

1482: 976: 894: 788: 739: 383: 306: 302: 298: 191:

MINT (mathematics, informatics, natural sciences, and technology)

137: 61: 5199:"Turing's children: Representation of sexual minorities in STEM" 3816:"Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) - Overview" 1273:

Image of participants of NASA Goddard's STEM Girls Night in 2018

933:

works to support STEM programs for teachers and students at the

5751: 4788:"Trump stands by STEM education spending in fiscal 2019 budget" 2535:"Graduates in science, math, computer science, and engineering" 2159:"STEAM Rising: Why we need to put the arts into STEM education" 2082:

2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium

871: 570:

while the other would be a Sufficient Economy Learning Centre.

359:

Middle school chemistry on a blackboard in Beijing, China, 2011

338: 294: 3617:"STEM-Designated Degree Program List : 2012 Revised List" 1773: 1623: 1391:, pay below the overall median for recent college graduates." 143:(humanities, arts, and social sciences), rebranded in 2020 as 5418:"On being LGBTQ+ in science – yes it matters, and here's why" 3470:"Bill Clinton Lays Out His Prescription for America's Future" 2836: 800: 537: 5702:

Shirley M. Malcom; Daryl E. Chubin; Jolene K. Jesse (2004).

3151:. 19 April 2014. Archived from the original on 19 April 2014 3040:"MINISTRY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & TELECOMMUNICATION" 2076:

Locherer, M.; Hausamann, D.; Schüttler, T. (July 22, 2012).

389:

pre-university students for STEM education and careers. The

4997:

Berryhill, Marian E.; Desrochers, Theresa M. (2021-06-01).

4665:"NAEP TEL - Technology and Engineering Literacy Assessment" 3938: 3417:. The Intermediate Unit 1 Center for STEM Education. 2008. 1774:"STEM Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics - Main" 1038: 804: 4418:"Obama opposes Silicon Valley firms on immigration reform" 3011:"PM approves STEM education project | The Express Tribune" 2774: 2290: 2268: 2075: 922:

as well as various state, national, and business leaders.

203:(science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics) 5792: 3120:"A Guide to Choosing the Right Senior High School Strand" 1169:

STEM is the lack of students' concentration in learning.

133: 5722:

http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0025/002534/253479E.pdf

5056:. American Psychological Association. pp. 432–433. 3444:"U.S. News Inducts Five to STEM Leadership Hall of Fame" 2986: 1457:

Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics Network

501:

Ministry of Information Technology and Telecommunication

5706:. American Association for the Advancement of Science. 5588:"Education Supports Racial and Ethnic Equality in STEM" 5301:"Systemic inequalities for LGBTQ professionals in STEM" 4387:"NASA Office of Diversity and Equal Opportunity (ODEO)" 2921:"How the STEM Crisis is Threatening the Future of Work" 1422:

Craft Academy for Excellence in Science and Mathematics

3845:

Evaluation of RepRap 3D Printer Workshops in K-12 STEM

3761:"Academic Prioritization or Killing the Liberal Arts?" 1185:

Events and programs to help develop STEM in US schools

853: 4636:"Americans Rate U.S. K–12 STEM Education as Mediocre" 3843:

J.L. Irwin, D.E. Oppliger, J.M. Pearce, G. Anzalone,

3592:"DHS Expands List of STEM designated-degree programs" 3461: 3355: 1983: 5054:

Male, Female: The Evolution of Human Sex Differences

3684:"Opinion: The World is Coming for US Science Talent" 3381: 4996: 4721: 4102:"A Leak in the STEM Pipeline: Taking Algebra Early" 1921:"Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists" 1442:

NASA RealWorld-InWorld Engineering Design Challenge

726:STEM education often uses new technologies such as 5443:"The Myth of the Science and Engineering Shortage" 5299:Cech, E. A.; Waidzunas, T. J. (January 15, 2021). 4291: 3589: 3270:"Thailand leads way with science education centre" 1320:, an American physician and public-health leader. 5607:"Women in STEM: An Opportunity and An Imperative" 5197:Carpenter, Christoper C.; Sansone, Dario (2020). 5103:"LGBT in STEM: Progress but still many obstacles" 2735:"Chongqing adds programming to school curriculum" 2233: 1147:wages, whether or not they work in a STEM field. 967: 329:In 2011 Canadian entrepreneur and philanthropist 50:Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics 6077: 5196: 4415: 3758: 3441: 3169:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 2499: 2497: 2495: 1181:career as well as technical education programs. 911:. PLTW programs have been endorsed by President 5500:"The Economic Guide To Picking A College Major" 5124: 5122: 2864:"How Finland serves gifted and talented pupils" 2013:"Girls in Engineering, Math and Science (GEMS)" 1621: 76:. The term is typically used in the context of 5354: 5352: 2470:"Add coding to basic skills taught in schools" 1059:National Institute of Standards and Technology 615: 5778: 5630: 5298: 4752: 4358:"Research & Engineering Enterprise: STEM" 4104:. U.S. Department of Education. November 2018 3735:"Obama's Budget Shuffles STEM Education Deck" 3412:"STEM Education in Southwestern Pennsylvania" 3149:"AlBairaq World - Welcome to Al-Bairaq World" 3067: 2861: 2492: 2463: 2461: 2459: 2413:"What is STEAM Education? - Arts Integration" 1964: 1432:List of African American women in STEM fields 774:National Aeronautics and Space Administration 675:United States Department of Homeland Security 209:STEAM (science, technology, engineering, and 5649: 5119: 3869: 3867: 2984: 2945: 2474:Add coding to basic skills taught in schools 2234:Yordanova Krumova, Milena (September 2021). 1708: 1706: 813: 5604: 5586:David Beede; et al. (September 2011). 5585: 5349: 3732: 2970:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 925: 30:"STEM" redirects here. For other uses, see 5785: 5771: 5730:"STEM Re-vitalisation, not trivialisation" 5440: 4868:"Science careers face diversity challenge" 3759:Dutt-Ballerstadt, Reshmi (March 1, 2019). 3707: 3496: 3494: 3435: 3095:"Academic Track | Department of Education" 2803:IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies 2456: 2127: 1462:Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers 1447:National Society of Black Engineers (NSBE) 695:Mathematics education in the United States 384:STEMNET (an educational charity in the UK) 242: 5682: 5497: 5376: 5332: 5242: 5232: 5214: 5170: 4957: 4379: 4274: 4225: 3864: 3322: 1703: 1512: 1510: 1508: 709:Mathematics and Science Partnership (MSP) 124:online database for job seekers, and the 5633:"STEM: Good Jobs Now and For the Future" 5631:David Langdon; et al. (July 2011). 5605:David Beede; et al. (August 2011). 5470: 5441:Teitelbaum, Michael S. (19 March 2014). 4474:"STEM: Good Jobs Now and For the Future" 4448:. U.S. Department of Labor. April 2007. 3467: 3323:Boonruang, Sasiwimon (14 January 2015). 2707: 1712: 1684:Reeves, Richard V. (25 September 2022). 1268: 1021: 823: 713: 449: 354: 213:); has more focus on applied mathematics 169:and other science administrators in the 36: 5471:Charette, Robert N. (August 30, 2013). 5361:"LGBTQ+ in STEM: Visibility and Beyond" 4207: 3856:122nd ASEE 122nd ASEE Conf. Proceedings 3491: 3404: 2948:"Addressing Gender Disparities In STEM" 2868:Journal for the Education of the Gifted 2511:. micro:bit. 6 May 2019. Archived from 504:children between the ages of 9 and 14. 492:(Physics, Chemistry, Biology), FSc pre- 283:Victorian Model Solar Vehicle Challenge 268:National STEM School Education Strategy 14: 6078: 5900:Electrical and electronics engineering 5885:Developmental and reproductive biology 5677:Handbook of research on STEM education 5675:Carla C. Johnson, et al., eds. (2020) 5479:from the original on September 6, 2019 5192: 5190: 5128: 4765:from the original on December 28, 2018 4416:Declan McCullagh (November 28, 2012). 3969:"About Florida Polytechnic University" 3949:from the original on September 3, 2019 3502:"Graduate Research Fellowship Program" 3468:Kakutani, Michiko (November 7, 2011). 2862:Tirri, Kirsi; Kuusisto, Elina (2013). 2661:from the original on 24 September 2015 2240:STEM in Bulgaria, Europe and the World 2197: 1725:from the original on February 25, 2020 1683: 1607:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 1505: 1316:, the father of computer science, and 836: 702:STEM supports broadening the study of 673:on what constitutes a STEM field, the 454:Medalists from Team India at the 2019 5766: 5498:Casselman, Ben (September 12, 2014). 5358: 5273: 5051: 4722:Carol O'Donnell (December 10, 2018). 4338:from the original on December 8, 2017 4248: 2703: 2701: 2467: 1807:. Career Communications Group. 1996. 1652: 664: 5506:from the original on August 29, 2019 5415: 5100: 4755:"Envisioning STEM education for all" 4604: 4586:from the original on August 12, 2019 4556:from the original on August 25, 2019 4397:from the original on 18 January 2020 4320: 2927:from the original on 26 January 2020 2480:from the original on 2 December 2019 2215:from the original on 13 January 2020 2042:"Annual Report - Lee Richardson Zoo" 1665:from the original on 15 January 2021 1655:"SHAPE – A Focus on the Human World" 1634:from the original on 25 January 2021 1290:ability to flourish in STEM fields. 917:United States Secretary of Education 5187: 4753:Steve Zylstra (December 19, 2018). 4734:from the original on April 10, 2019 4605:Kang, Cecilia (26 September 2017). 3681: 3650: 3590:Jennifer G. Roeper (May 19, 2012). 3533:. The National Science Foundation. 2781:from the original on 5 January 2019 2758: 2732: 1026:STEM Girls' Night In at the NASA's 868:American Competitiveness Initiative 854:American Competitiveness Initiative 488:exams. These electives are FSc pre- 176: 163:University of Massachusetts Amherst 24: 5579: 5547:10.1016/B978-0-12-818630-5.13065-9 4052:"Center for Mathematics Education" 3786:"Was your degree really worth it?" 3442:Morella, Michael (July 26, 2012). 2698: 1157: 1034:NASAStem is a program of the U.S. 253: 246: 25: 6137: 5930:Genetics and evolutionary biology 5744: 4921:from the original on 19 June 2018 4214:South African Review of Sociology 3362:from the original on 16 July 2017 2843:from the original on 27 July 2021 2761:Asia Pacific Journal of Education 2708:Insights, GETChina (2019-05-28). 2596:"Scouts Canada - STEM Activities" 1713:Hallinen, Judith (Oct 21, 2015). 5750: 5657:. STEM Coalition. Archived from 5625:Issues in Science and Technology 5559: 5535: 5518: 5491: 5464: 5434: 5409: 5292: 5267: 5094: 5070: 5045: 4990: 4933: 4882: 4860: 4834: 4809: 4780: 4746: 4715: 4686: 4657: 4628: 4598: 4568: 4538: 4524: 4495: 4466: 4435: 4409: 4350: 3939:"Florida Polytechnic University" 3733:Jane J. Lee (14 February 2012). 3446:. U.S. News & World Report. 3392:from the original on 1 July 2019 2733:Wei, Jiang (September 9, 2018). 1993:, West Seattle Herald, 4-30-2013 1653:Black, Julia (2 November 2020). 820:Racial minorities in STEM fields 755:United States National Academies 738:, with old technologies such as 593: 5934:Cellular and molecular biology 5453:from the original on 2019-08-24 5359:Unsay, Joseph D. (2020-07-17). 5129:Hughes, Bryce E. (2018-03-02). 4896:(Report). European Commission. 4823:from the original on 2018-01-06 4798:from the original on 2018-11-18 4704:from the original on 2018-09-04 4675:from the original on 2019-06-26 4646:from the original on 2018-11-06 4617:from the original on 2019-08-15 4484:from the original on 2018-09-28 4455:from the original on 2018-09-08 4424:from the original on 2014-01-05 4368:from the original on 2017-10-20 4309:from the original on 2019-04-22 4242: 4201: 4182: 4163: 4143: 4134: 4125: 4116: 4094: 4069: 4044: 4033:from the original on 2020-05-24 4019: 3990: 3979:from the original on 2019-05-05 3961: 3931: 3920:from the original on 2016-07-02 3896: 3837: 3826:from the original on 2019-09-04 3808: 3792:. April 3, 2023. Archived from 3778: 3752: 3726: 3701: 3675: 3644: 3633:from the original on 2017-12-07 3609: 3598:from the original on 2017-06-30 3583: 3572:from the original on 2017-11-19 3548: 3537:from the original on 2019-02-03 3523: 3512:from the original on 2019-09-06 3480:from the original on 2018-11-15 3450:from the original on 2019-07-21 3424:from the original on 2013-05-13 3374: 3348: 3337:from the original on 2021-12-02 3316: 3305:from the original on 2019-10-05 3287: 3262: 3235: 3224:from the original on 2016-09-22 3206: 3177: 3141: 3130:from the original on 2020-07-10 3112: 3101:from the original on 2020-07-11 3087: 3076:from the original on 2020-10-23 3061: 3050:from the original on 2020-11-01 3032: 3021:from the original on 2020-08-23 3003: 2978: 2939: 2913: 2902:from the original on 2018-10-09 2878: 2874:(1): 91 – via Penn State. 2855: 2829: 2793: 2767: 2752: 2726: 2673: 2643: 2613: 2588: 2557: 2545:from the original on 8 May 2019 2527: 2431: 2405: 2379: 2327: 2308: 2283: 2253: 2227: 2176: 2165:from the original on 2018-10-16 2151: 2140:from the original on 2021-06-12 2121: 2069: 2058:from the original on 2017-12-08 2034: 2023:from the original on 2017-09-09 2005: 1927: 1913: 1898:from the original on 2019-06-05 1880: 1869:from the original on 2018-11-11 1851: 1840:from the original on 2018-11-06 1822: 1811:from the original on 2020-01-18 1795: 1784:from the original on 2018-10-04 1755:from the original on 2019-02-14 1590:from the original on 2021-08-24 1559:from the original on 2021-11-16 1534:from the original on 2018-10-09 1261:Sex differences in intelligence 1151:least one million individuals. 862:on January 31, 2006, President 844:National Inventors Hall of Fame 126:Department of Homeland Security 6126:Science and technology studies 5365:Chemistry – A European Journal 4179:, U.S. Department of Commerce. 3973:Florida Polytechnic University 3943:Florida Polytechnic University 3682:Das, Moumita (July 13, 2023). 2679: 1859:"CAHSEE - Founder's Biography" 1766: 1737: 1677: 1646: 1615: 1570: 1555:. Onetonline.org. 2021-11-16. 1545: 1044: 968:Department of Defense programs 514: 456:International Physics Olympiad 364:technology innovation power." 150: 13: 1: 5650:Arden Bement (May 24, 2005). 5638:. U.S. Department of Commerce 5612:. U.S. Department of Commerce 5593:. U.S. Department of Commerce 5571:10.1080/02671522.2020.1849374 4959:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32611-4 4227:10.1080/21528586.2024.2311399 4208:Maisiri, James (2024-02-28). 2886:"Promotion of STEM Education" 1494: 1257:Sex differences in psychology 27:Group of academic disciplines 5274:Ennis, Dawn (Nov 30, 2020). 5234:10.1371/journal.pone.0241596 4842:"Women in STEM: 2017 Update" 4170:"Women in STEM: 2017 Update" 3653:"The Chip Act's Big Problem" 2985:kingsley-omoyibo, Queeneth. 2505:"micro:bit Global Challenge" 1499: 1331: 1030:, Greenbelt, Maryland (2018) 980:students and team advisers. 935:U.S. Department of Education 688: 551: 433: 335:Schulich Leader Scholarships 261: 136:to form another counterpart 7: 5473:"The STEM Crisis Is a Myth" 4580:United States Census Bureau 4550:United States Census Bureau 3382:"STEM Education Task Force" 3185:"Supreme Education Council" 2946:101Reporters (2021-10-11). 2468:Irene, Tham (11 May 2017). 2090:10.1109/IGARSS.2012.6351922 1834:National Science Foundation 1715:"STEM Education Curriculum" 1414: 1308:List of LGBT firsts by year 1067:Goddard Space Flight Center 1055:National Science Foundation 1028:Goddard Space Flight Center 944: 939:National Science Foundation 891:National Science Foundation 779:Individual states, such as 671:National Science Foundation 622:National Science Foundation 616:National Science Foundation 564: 474: 440:Promotion of STEM Education 171:National Science Foundation 114:National Science Foundation 10: 6142: 6035:Probability and statistics 5627:, Fall issue, 2022: 54-57. 5082:National Museums Liverpool 5015:10.1016/j.tins.2021.03.004 3651:Kim, Tae (July 20, 2023). 3594:. Fowler White Boggs P.A. 3068:Early Programming, KPITB. 2509:micro:bit Global Challenge 2348:10.1109/CITSM.2018.8674271 1804:Hispanic Engineer & IT 1301: 1242: 1232: 1206: 1201:FIRST Robotics Competition 860:State of the Union Address 817: 692: 465: 396: 381: 343: 185:eSTEM (environmental STEM) 155: 29: 5805: 4251:"What is STEM Education?" 3998:"STEM Academy / Overview" 3708:steamadmin (2024-01-24). 1690:ofboysandmen.substack.com 1297: 1196:VEX Robotics Competitions 1007:bases across the nation. 814:Racial gap in STEM fields 584: 425: 377: 288: 4759:Phoenix Business Journal 4027:"Best STEM High schools" 3858:, paper ID#12036, 2015. 2815:10.1109/TLT.2018.2810879 2439:"about stream education" 1622:British Academy (2020). 1394:A 2017 article from the 1235:Female education in STEM 1228: 926:STEM Education Coalition 886:support STEM education. 723:or mathematics degrees. 531: 445: 350: 5830:Artificial intelligence 5078:"LGBTQ+ People in STEM" 5003:Trends in Neurosciences 4776:(subscription required) 4276:10.1126/science.1194998 4198:, Opportunity Insights. 2161:. Slate. 16 June 2015. 1745:"CAHSEE - About CAHSEE" 1719:ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA 1396:University of Leicester 1072: 1017: 525:Department of Education 243:Geographic distribution 6060:Structural engineering 6000:Mechanical engineering 5973:Western and South Asia 5687:. IGI Global Snippet. 5378:10.1002/chem.202002474 5325:10.1126/sciadv.abe0933 5155:10.1126/sciadv.aao6373 4303:Girl Scouts of the USA 3356:"FeTeMM Çalışma Grubu" 2342:. IEEE. pp. 1–6. 2084:. pp. 7389–7392. 2002:, retrieved 2013-07-02 1980:, retrieved 2013-07-02 1488:Underrepresented group 1304:LGBT people in science 1274: 1144:Department of Commerce 1109:information technology 1061:laboratories, and the 1031: 955:Girl Scouts of the USA 905:Pathway To Engineering 829: 719: 634:information technology 458: 360: 258: 251: 46: 43:Sacramento, California 6116:Mathematics education 6111:Engineering education 6096:Experiential learning 5925:Environmental science 5810:Aerospace engineering 5052:Geary, David (2020). 4249:Bybee, R. W. (2010). 3218:Thepeninsulaqatar.com 2686:www.chinadaily.com.cn 2476:. The Straits Times. 1427:Hard and soft science 1344:Michael S. Teitelbaum 1272: 1101:geospatial technology 1077:In November 2012 the 1025: 951:Boy Scouts of America 909:Gateway To Technology 827: 736:environmental sensors 717: 484:year, culminating in 453: 358: 344:Further information: 257: 250: 40: 32:Stem (disambiguation) 6106:Technology education 6086:Education by subject 5759:at Wikimedia Commons 5664:on November 20, 2012 4391:missionstem.nasa.gov 4299:"STEM - Girl Scouts" 3911:Powerofdiscovery.org 3295:"SEAMEO Secretariat" 1659:Social Science Space 1318:Sara Josephine Baker 1249:Women in engineering 1239:Women in STEM fields 1191:FIRST Tech Challenge 1063:Department of Energy 1051:America COMPETES Act 901:Project Lead The Way 5502:. FiveThirtyEight. 5317:2021SciA....7..933C 5225:2020PLoSO..1541596S 5147:2018SciA....4.6373H 4267:2010Sci...329..996B 2625:Theglobeandmail.com 2419:. September 8, 2023 2417:artsintegration.com 2291:"Youth Stemm Award" 1402:A 2022 report from 883:NASA Means Business 837:Gender gaps in STEM 658:information science 579:integrated learning 211:applied mathematics 118:Department of Labor 5683:Mary Kirk (2009). 5679:(Routledge, 2020). 4952:(10171): 531–540. 4848:on October 3, 2018 4611:The New York Times 4194:2021-07-17 at the 4175:2020-10-22 at the 4156:2020-01-11 at the 3850:2015-10-02 at the 3474:The New York Times 3325:"A Stem education" 2923:. 6 January 2020. 2775:"Scientix Project" 2631:on 27 January 2017 2539:Conferenceboard.ca 2321:2019-06-15 at the 2209:Virginia Tech News 2049:Lee Richardson Zoo 1998:2017-01-26 at the 1976:2020-05-26 at the 1778:stem.ccny.cuny.edu 1404:Rutgers University 1275: 1253:Women in computing 1097:financial services 1032: 989:the National Guard 830: 720: 665:Immigration policy 509:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 459: 361: 259: 252: 47: 6121:Learning programs 6101:Science education 6073: 6072: 6055:Scientific naming 6045:Quantum computing 5875:Computer hardware 5870:Clinical research 5865:Civil engineering 5755:Media related to 5694:978-1-59904-786-7 5530:10.1002/REV3.3091 5475:. IEEE Spectrum. 5371:(40): 8670–8675. 4911:978-92-79-48375-2 4872:westminster.ac.uk 4582:. July 10, 2014. 4552:. July 10, 2014. 4332:saefoundation.org 4002:OLENTANGY SCHOOLS 3741:on 29 August 2012 2952:Feminism in India 2357:978-1-5386-5434-7 2099:978-1-4673-1159-5 1377:Economics writer 1220:In May 2017, the 1105:homeland security 1001:Air Force Reserve 683:a strategic rival 391:Erasmus programme 110:political science 92:in STEM includes 16:(Redirected from 6133: 6091:Education policy 5880:Computer science 5787: 5780: 5773: 5764: 5763: 5754: 5740: 5738: 5737: 5717: 5698: 5672: 5670: 5669: 5663: 5656: 5646: 5644: 5643: 5637: 5620: 5618: 5617: 5611: 5601: 5599: 5598: 5592: 5574: 5563: 5557: 5539: 5533: 5522: 5516: 5515: 5513: 5511: 5495: 5489: 5488: 5486: 5484: 5468: 5462: 5461: 5459: 5458: 5438: 5432: 5431: 5429: 5428: 5422:Elsevier Connect 5413: 5407: 5406: 5380: 5356: 5347: 5346: 5336: 5305:Science Advances 5296: 5290: 5289: 5287: 5286: 5271: 5265: 5264: 5246: 5236: 5218: 5209:(11): e0241596. 5194: 5185: 5184: 5174: 5135:Science Advances 5126: 5117: 5116: 5114: 5113: 5107:Elsevier Connect 5098: 5092: 5091: 5089: 5088: 5074: 5068: 5067: 5049: 5043: 5042: 4994: 4988: 4987: 4961: 4937: 4931: 4930: 4928: 4926: 4920: 4895: 4891:She Figures 2015 4886: 4880: 4879: 4874:. Archived from 4864: 4858: 4857: 4855: 4853: 4844:. Archived from 4838: 4832: 4831: 4829: 4828: 4813: 4807: 4806: 4804: 4803: 4784: 4778: 4777: 4774: 4772: 4770: 4750: 4744: 4743: 4741: 4739: 4719: 4713: 4712: 4710: 4709: 4690: 4684: 4683: 4681: 4680: 4661: 4655: 4654: 4652: 4651: 4632: 4626: 4625: 4623: 4622: 4602: 4596: 4595: 4593: 4591: 4572: 4566: 4565: 4563: 4561: 4542: 4536: 4535: 4528: 4522: 4521: 4519: 4518: 4509:. Archived from 4499: 4493: 4492: 4490: 4489: 4470: 4464: 4463: 4461: 4460: 4454: 4447: 4439: 4433: 4432: 4430: 4429: 4413: 4407: 4406: 4404: 4402: 4383: 4377: 4376: 4374: 4373: 4354: 4348: 4347: 4345: 4343: 4328:"SAE - about us" 4324: 4318: 4317: 4315: 4314: 4295: 4289: 4288: 4278: 4246: 4240: 4239: 4229: 4205: 4199: 4186: 4180: 4167: 4161: 4160:, Engage (2010). 4147: 4141: 4138: 4132: 4129: 4123: 4120: 4114: 4113: 4111: 4109: 4098: 4092: 4091: 4089: 4088: 4079:. Archived from 4073: 4067: 4066: 4064: 4063: 4054:. 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Archived from 2569: 2561: 2555: 2554: 2552: 2550: 2531: 2525: 2524: 2522: 2520: 2515:on 5 August 2019 2501: 2490: 2489: 2487: 2485: 2465: 2454: 2453: 2451: 2449: 2435: 2429: 2428: 2426: 2424: 2409: 2403: 2402: 2400: 2398: 2383: 2377: 2376: 2374: 2372: 2331: 2325: 2312: 2306: 2305: 2303: 2301: 2287: 2281: 2280: 2278: 2276: 2267:. Archived from 2265:STEMIE Coalition 2257: 2251: 2250: 2248: 2246: 2231: 2225: 2224: 2222: 2220: 2211:. 31 July 2012. 2201: 2195: 2194: 2192: 2190: 2180: 2174: 2173: 2171: 2170: 2155: 2149: 2148: 2146: 2145: 2128:adelphiacademy. 2125: 2119: 2118: 2116: 2114: 2073: 2067: 2066: 2064: 2063: 2057: 2046: 2038: 2032: 2031: 2029: 2028: 2009: 2003: 1987: 1981: 1968: 1962: 1961: 1959: 1957: 1951: 1945:. 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