SIGNIS - Knowledge

2280:. A media educated person is able to create his or her own media statements, to engage confidently with media producers, and to exercise actively his or her rights as a democratic citizen. So, it is understandable that this work is one of the most important fields of action of SIGNIS. The SIGNIS Media Education Project aims to bring together worldwide experiences and achievements in this field. SIGNIS members want to come together to use financial, material, and human resources more effectively so that they can give a coherent response to the "onslaught of national and global media" on people and cultures across the world. SIGNIS wants to build a world network of media educators and/or media education organizations – something which doesn't yet exist. The predecessors of SIGNIS, Unda and OCIC, had a very long tradition in this field. In the 1950s, for example; in 1954, the president of OCIC, Mons. 423:(On Liberalism and Religious Indiffertism) that "Experience shows, even from earliest times, that cities renowned for wealth, dominion, and glory perished as a result of this single evil, namely immoderate freedom of opinion, license of free speech, and desire for novelty. Here We must include that harmful and never sufficiently denounced freedom to publish any writings whatever and disseminate them to the people, which some dare to demand and promote with so great a clamor. We are horrified to see what monstrous doctrines and prodigious errors are disseminated far and wide in countless books, pamphlets, and other writings which, though small in weight, are very great in malice." In fact, they blamed them for the declining influence of religion in society. Modernity did not simply introduce technological and scientific innovations; it enabled the dissemination of new ideologies, based mostly on 894:, the result of a decision taken at the General Committee of OCIC at its Madrid meeting. There was obviously the International Film Review, but this was the magazine which was mostly directed to the secular film world and to make clear that Catholic professionals were contributing and developing in a positive way to the international film culture. It needed a contact or an intern bulletin between the General Secretariat and its members, the national Catholic film centers. An information bulletin which was focussed upon the life and activities of OCIC itself containing reports on the international and national meetings, activities, discussions, and so on. It was also published in French and Spanish. The aim was to bring together the activities of the members, and the representation of the organisation in the secular world such as 955:(Belgium) where the new president Brohée and the new secretariat Bernard were. Two years later, the staff moved to Brussels to the Rue Traversière. This office was occupied from 1940 to 1944 and after the war, it was the new secretary general Yvonne de Hemptinne who integrated the secretariat in her home at the rue de l'Orme, also in Brussels from 1946 to 1996, where it had to be abandoned due to expropriation and the project of the government to demolish the building for a new construction (which was not done until 2018). Between 1996 and 2001, the secretariat found a home in a Catholic school also in Brussels, rue Saphir, where it got a whole wing of four floors and an enormous basement to its disposal. 1341:, responsible for the Catholic radio in Germany and of the BCIR General Secretariat in Cologne. At its first International Congress (1929) in Munich, BICR drew attention to the importance of radio for religious, cultural, and social life. It issued a blueprint for action: "Decisions for Catholics and Broadcasting". It also established criteria for membership: "National Committees", representing Catholic individuals and groups professionally or pastorally engaged in broadcasting. In that spirit, BCIR invited Catholics to collaborate with radio companies (private or public) in making religious programmes and to foster Christian values. In 1930, BCIR established formal liaison with the Geneva-based 2259:, Thailand, in 1996, Mees appealed for closer ties with OCIC and Unda. He said UCIP, OCIC, and Unda members could train Catholic journalists and work together in a way that reflected sincere faith and make "Catholic" mean "quality". Since many members of Unda and OCIC worked in several media, and since media ministry was cross-media, the impetus for a combined Catholic Association for audio-visual media grew ever stronger, eventually leading to the merger of Unda and OCIC as SIGNIS on 21 November 2001 in Rome. Following the demise of UCIP in 2011, SIGNIS opened up membership to Catholic journalists, and at the SIGNIS World Congress of 2017 in 3642:, an expression of human creativity, is a medium that influences cultures with values and worldviews. Since 1947, OCIC has been invited by international festivals to participate with juries (SIGNIS, Ecumenical, and inter-religious) to promote quality films that artistically translate values. In its 72 years, more than 2,000 films have been awarded or mentioned and most are now considered classics. This new journal wants to mark the presence of SIGNIS in the world of the cinema, but also to be an organ for its journalists-critics and media educators working in more than one hundred countries. It wants to tie on in the tradition of the 3179:, South Africa. This aimed to encourage networking and collective strategic planning to enable Catholic radio stations on the continent to better face the challenges and opportunities arising in their regions. SIGNIS was asked by these radio stations to concentrate its efforts within the existing ecclesiastical regional structures in Africa. Efforts were to be directed at strengthening local capacities within these existing structures rather than creating separate structures for networking radios in Africa to avoid duplication and unnecessary competition with existing Church structures. At the 2005 SIGNIS World Congress in 1513:

bulletin, a quarterly review or both news for and about the members, coverage of major BCIR/Unda events, commentaries on official Church events and pronouncements, topics in broadcasting (matters of professional technical or pastoral interest), and announcements/decisions of the organisation's governing authorities. In its history, the publications were mostly in English and French but sometimes a number of editions were published in German and Spanish. It aimed a readership which were not only its members and church-related institutions but also the professional world, listeners, and viewers.

731:. This meant that after forty years of activity, OCIC was able to survive controversy, articulate its aims and objectives, and establish itself as what might be called a 'consciousness organisation' within the Catholic Church. It did not set itself up as a censoring board (which many assume still when hearing that the Catholic church has a cinema organization). Later some of its members nationally or regionally were part of the work of the Bishops Conference, offering reviews, classifications, and advice which depended for its authority more on the Bishops rather than OCIC. 554: 752:(Acts of the Apostles, 17), that media is the 'new Areopagus'. This policy has guided OCIC and the film work of SIGNIS over the decades, leading to the presence of OCIC juries at world film festivals, national OCIC cinema awards, publications on the cinema of different nations (especially from Africa), movie reviews in publications and online, promotion of particular films, dialogue with directors and filmmakers, and offering advice on the release of films with particular Catholic interest or controversies (from 3399:

varies widely from country to country. Also since then, SIGNIS has aimed to offer a place of exchange and solidarity for those Catholics working in all forms of journalism and publishing. It aims to promote ethical professional journalism in the new multimedia era; to build a global network for Catholic journalists working across different media in different regions; to strengthen solidarity and personal ties among Catholic journalists through regular sharing of stories and information; and to support

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Asia and Europe to ratify this charter and elaborate regional media education plans. Since 2014, the newly formed "Media Education Desk" refocused its attention to develop and empower young communicators around the world. In order to concretely reach its goal, SIGNIS developed an intensive emersion and exposure communication program for young communicators: the COMMLAB (Communication Laboratory). Since then, participants from Asia, Africa and North America have graduated from COMMLAB.

7052: 577:, and were among the most expensive productions in the whole film world. It wrote also that in these years in the US, most films of the Passion were coming from France and Great Britain. From 1910 on, almost every Belgian city had its Catholic cinema (called mostly Family cinema, or Patria). In these cinema halls, educational as well as entertainment films were on the programme, and the selection and screening were controlled by the organizers, mostly priests. 616:, to shape the mind of the members of the League of Nations, for example, toward rectifying errors in text books which were alleged to be a mainspring of racial prejudices. Out of this committee came a permanent organisation to study the development of cinema as a tool of education. Only member states and international organisations were admitted to this organization. In 1926, the International Union of Catholic Women's Leagues (UILFC – since 1952, the 2276:

lives, towards a responsible participation in the use of media for the betterment of the person and society. It is a way to enable the citizen to examine the process of media production, media strategies, media ownership, the ways knowledge and meaning are made, as well as media's immense power for empowerment. The areas covered by SIGNIS in this perspective are very diverse: advertising, radio, popular music, film, television, video, and the

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about freedom in politics, in art, in the press, and the relation between freedom and authority, freedom and civic rights, and freedom and the international order. Afterwards the name was changed to International Catholic Union of the Press (UCIP). At its fiftieth anniversary in 1977, the twelfth World Congress of UCIP was held in Vienna, bringing together 350 participants. It was preceded by a meeting of about fifty delegates from so-called "

7155: 3447: 2830: 2503: 343: 3696:) and Poitevin in Rome have been working to decolonize the cinemagoing and production. It was part of their evangelization and meant humanizing the formerly colonized peoples who had been dehumanized by Western powers and their media. They supported Africans to make their own images and tell their own stories, not only for the public in Africa but also for the rest of the world. In the 1960s, Van den Heuvel proposed to OCIC to give 584:, who was active in the Catholic Action Movement and began to bring order to these Catholic initiatives. By the 1920s, he was convinced that it was necessary to inform the public of the moral value of films. His aim was not to limit the action of Catholics to moral quotations. He wanted a presence "on all fronts". That is why, as early as 1921, he joined a group of Catholics who had founded a distribution agency under the name 2440:, first with the Missionary Service of OCIC in Rome and then with the members worldwide. The organisation entered a new era of communication. In the 1990s, it was clear for Unda, OCIC, and even UCIP that in the digital world, the images and sounds (television, film, music, radio, and journalism) were dissolving the boundaries between traditional media. In 1996, OCIC organised at its 4th World Video and Multimedia Forum in 514: 1401:, and so on. At the end of the meeting, the Unda General Assembly elected Fr. Kors o.p. as president. Two months later, Unda did found the Department of Television, which was a sub-secretariat directed in paris by the Dominican Fr. Raymond Pichard o.p. He started to develop a network of eighty TV specialists in twenty countries and published a monthly 771:, the official teaching of the Church on cinema was positive (even though the document began 'With vigilant care'). Amongst the ideas put forward by Pius XI was one that would challenge philosophers and theologians, that cinema teaches the majority of men and women more effectively than abstract reasoning (no.23). Just over twenty years later, 1840:, which aim was to send quality articles to the many small Catholic journals and periodicals all over the country was organized. Before 1914, there were Catholic journalist associations in the United States (CPA), Belgium, Italy, France, Germany, and elsewhere. Catholic newspapers appeared also in Asia. In 1927, young lay Catholics published 2416:, the ethical questions asked were multiple: Will it contribute to authentic human development and community building? Will the digital divide favor social and economic justice? Will it not be dominated by one commercial secular culture? Will it guarantee the freedom of expression and the exchange of ideas? Will it serve serious journalism? 781:(1957) where he urged his readers to learn how to understand and appreciate how film works. One might say that he is urging people to move on from being literate, literacy, to being visuate, visuacy (no. 57, though the terminology is this author's rather than the Pope's). In 1971, a fuller document on communications and media following the 1430:

Unda and WACC, but they take turns as chief organizer; when Unda is responsible, it delegates the job to its European affiliates. The idea is to be an ecumenical forum for fostering TV programmes of high professional standard which reflect the vision of Christianity and values proper to man. Since then the event occurred every two years.

1953:, Canada and other issues, the Vatican withdrew recognition of UCIP as a Catholic association. Following a formal statement made by the Vatican – "resulting from the serious management crisis the organisation has been experiencing for years" – UCIP (International Catholic Press Union) was no longer able to use the adjective "Catholic". 2424:(2014) calls the faithful to become "boldly citizens of the digital world" which can be an environment rich in humanity; a network not of wires but of people. "Personal engagement is the basis of the trustworthiness of a communicator. Christian witness, thanks to the Internet, can thereby reach the peripheries of human existence." 2489:, affirmed that the Congress aimed at creating practical pathways for promoting the welfare of youth and children in the changing digital world. He stressed the need of building SIGNIS-Africa into a strong communication association capable of addressing communication challenges in Africa for purposes of empowering the youth. 1353:

understanding. Radio was thought of as the means par excellence for reconciling peoples, fostering fellowship among nations, and promoting peace. Like OCIC, BCIR also developed different aspects of media education. Due to the arrival of the Nazis into power, the BCIR General Secretariat moved in 1935 from Germany to

4721: 3628:, can be consulted in their digital version on the SIGNIS website. Since 2017. the cover of the magazine was not anymore the responsibility of the chief editor and in October 2018, with issue 4/2018, a new editorial policy has been initiated. Although it was not foreseen since 2019, the cinema pages in 3736:

in May 2019 to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the Ecumenical jury at the festival, gave a focus on the child in the film and how OCIC and SIGNIS dealt with this issue in its cinema activities. Since the beginning of cinema, children in relation to cinema has been a concern of OCIC / SIGNIS and was

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became definitely part of the digital world and often attracts all the attention of the user day and night. The digital evolution has entered into virtually every part of life and society, from young children to adults and the elderly. Catholic communicators were attentive to this evolution. All this

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with some 1,000 Catholic journalists from all over the world together. Among about 400 members of UCIP's young journalist network who had their own convention three days before the main World Congress. Theresa Ee-Chooi of Malaysia was elected as the first woman president. She was also the first Asian

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Catholic radio producers had realized by the mid-1920s that radio had become, like cinema, an important means of spreading ideas, and could therefore influence the views of millions and connect them to Christian values. Already in December 1923, the radio world was waiting for the first international

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Every four years, the Assembly of Delegates of SIGNIS has to meet face-to-face to elect or re-elect its president, vice presidents, and to nominate the secretary-general. This meeting brings together members of the association from across the globe. It contains also a series of workshops, seminaries

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In 2007, SIGNIS representatives from Asia, Africa, the Pacific, Latin America, North America, and Europe initiated the SIGNIS Media Education Project (SiGMEP) aimed at setting up a Global Media Education Network and set out a SIGNIS Charter on Media Education. In 2008, regional meetings were held in

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Since 2014, SIGNIS has been actively working to offer a space for former members of UCIP and other Catholic journalist organizations in SIGNIS. In some cases, Catholic journalists are fully integrated into existing SIGNIS national structures (as, for example, in Brazil or Hungary), but the situation

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and Catholic radio stations, and promotes existing radio networks and associations. Radio is still an important medium. SIGNIS is involved in Catholic and community radios all over the world and especially in Africa. SIGNIS does not intend to establish its own Catholic radio networks. Rather, SIGNIS

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Opportunities created by new technology, by the process of globalization, by deregulation and privatization of the media present new ethical and indeed spiritual challenges to those who work in social communications. These challenges will be met effectively by those who accept that serving the human

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of 1987, the proposal was not accepted: they said yes to intense collaboration, but no to a merger. This decision was a paradox, because a few days earlier, the Latin American branches of the three Catholic organizations for the press, cinema, and radio and TV (UCLAP, OCIC-AL, Unda-AL) had created a

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One of the significant Congresses was the one held in 1965 in New York. It was UCIP's eighth Congress, held together with the 55th annual convention of the CPA, and 800 journalists, including 600 from the United States, discussed the theme: "The truth in the search for freedom." The discussions were

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during Japanese colonial rule. At the end of 1927, the International Bureau of Catholic Journalists (later renamed the Federation of National Associations of Catholic Journalists) was founded in Paris. In 1928, the Permanent Commission of Catholic Publishers and Directors of Catholic Newspapers came

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at the time of the merger of Unda and OCIC in SIGNIS), as both supporting Catholics who work in cinema and being a bridge between the Catholic Church and the professional world of cinema. While explicitly religious films are appreciated, OCIC came to realize that well-made films grounded in humanity

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for all American film production. In the 1950s, the Americans indicated that some films which had won OCIC awards were rated Objectionable or Condemned by the Legion and were concerned at this difference in moral perspective. The philosophy behind the Legion of Decency was not influential in Europe,

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began in 1952. This enabled OCIC to develop its criteria for its awards over these years. One difficulty which emerged was a clash of perspectives on occasion with the decisions of the US Legion of Decency which had been set up (even with an oath of loyalty) by the American bishops in 1934, the time

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While Unda was much more involved in its development with specifically Catholic production for Catholic audiences, OCIC soon realised that film production was beyond the funds and technical abilities of its members. There were some hopes and flirtations with production in the early 1930s, especially

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SECRETARIAT FOR PROMOTING CHRISTIAN UNITY – WORLD COUNCIL OF CHURCHES, Common Witness and Proselytism, "Information Service" 14 (1971), pp. 18–23; about the interpretation of the Scripture and the will of the ecclesial authorities on the unity of witness, see also: WORLD COUNCIL OF CHURCHES / ROMAN

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World Congress in June 2017. SIGNIS explores how best this new technology can be harnessed to serve the common good and enhance the quality of communication for the majority of people. One of SIGNIS' main objectives is to help reduce the digital divide between those countries closely "connected" to

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With the merger of OCIC with Unda into SIGNIS, the presence in festivals of Catholic members of the organisation not only continued but developed considerably. It is one way of having contact with the professional world and also a way of bringing together in a jury, professionals who are active in

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SIGNIS recognizes the power of the media and their influence in all aspects of individual, community, and social life. Media education is seen as a movement from a critical awareness of the languages and techniques of the media, through analysis of the values they project and their influence on our

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organized the first joint Christian Television Week at Monte-Carlo. Television stations and networks from sixteen countries submitted a total of fifty-two programmes for competition in three categories: drama, entertainment, and news, documentary. Participation took place worldwide. It is done both

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as well as all acts of violence against innocent victims. They pleaded for dialogue, reconciliation, and peace. The meeting of reporters, editors, and professors of journalism and communication aimed to give "the opportunity to understand and analyze globalization in both its positive and negative

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as "Les Formations de l'OCIC". "Bulletin of the OCIC – Office Catholique International du Cinema – International Catholic Office for Film Affairs – Continuation of the Bulletin" formerly published at 6 rue Traverstière, Brussels". Only a few issues were published and the last came out in 1947 when

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OCIC, Unda, and UCIP had similar objectives: to bring together Catholics already working as professionals in the media (OCIC in the field of cinema, Unda in radio and television, and UCIP in the press). The interest of Catholics in the press and especially in the new media was understandable. They

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in which there was no freedom of the press. That year, it was decided to have formal statutes for the International Bureau of Catholic Journalists. In 1935, the two organizations, the International Bureau of Catholic Journalists and the Permanent Commission of Catholic Publishers and Directors of

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in the gardens of the Vatican. It was the first time that a Pope appeared before a film camera and blessed it (and the spectators). Later when cinema became a regular and popular medium, Catholics, and above all the parish priests, reacted in two ways: condemning it or considering it as a tool of

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institutions, is committed to lobbying for policies to encourage communications that respect Christian values, justice and human rights; to involving media professionals in the dialogue on questions of professional ethics, and to fostering ecumenical and interfaith cooperation in the media sector.

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represents a principal aim of the organisation through its entire history: to collect and diffuse information and documentation on broadcasting Catholics working in the church but above all in the secular world of broadcasting. The organisation (first BCIR and then Unda) published in his monthly

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published in 1989 in which "Manipulation or base proselytism, at times practiced in the media, is incompatible with the ecumenical task and with the spirit of inter-religious cooperation,... and as the decisions of ecclesiastical authorities affirm." In November 2016, the Cinema Desk of SIGNIS

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and during the succeeding decades, these principles found new expression in radio and television activities. In 1946, BCIR changed its name to Unda, which is Latin for "wave". Its objectives were: to help coordinate professional and apostolic activities of Catholics in radio and television; to

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SIGNIS is a worldwide network working in media, with the aim of alerting Christians to the importance of human communication in every culture, and encouraging them to speak out in this sector. SIGNIS, which represents Catholic media in all the governmental and nongovernmental organizations and

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in Paris, reached more than 170 issues. In the first years, it became worldwide an eye opener for the professional film world and film journalists and film historians. It gave a lot of attention to non-American cinema: European, Asian, and Latin American. In 1955, it published a special issue

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In 1930, the first Universal Congress of Catholic Journalists was organized in Brussels. The International Bureau of Catholic Journalists planned actions to train Catholic journalists to establish Catholic press agencies and to come up with ways to develop the Catholic Press Action. In 1935,

693:, 1936. Then with changes in what could be portrayed on screen and how it could be portrayed, Fr. Bernard had to face a controversy concerning the OCIC prize at the Venice Film Festival in 1968, which resulted in discussions with Church authorities and the Vatican. The jury gave its prize to 2898:

The organization's diverse programmes cover different media/communication fields and for each one, a special department was founded, called a "desk". It consists of a president and a network of regional representatives. Each desk has a chair and a core-group. The desks develop the different

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In the 1930s, Catholic broadcasters worldwide had an optimistic view of the development of radio and, later, of the new medium of television. It could transcend frontiers and bring peoples and cultures together. It could be a means of exchanging cultural values, a way of fostering mutual

497:). In 2014, the Vatican suggested that SIGNIS should also integrate the members of the former International Catholic Union of the Press (UCIP), which a few years earlier had lost its recognition by the Holy See as an official Catholic organization. At the SIGNIS World Congress of 2017 in 404:

in the latter half of the 19th century, the Church faced new challenges. Already in the 19th century, Catholics considered the press, and in the 20th century, cinema and radio, to be powerful modern popular media that could influence worldviews and moral values. Many Catholics, including

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After the war, the secretariat of the organisation was transferred to Paris. The fourth congress was held in Paris in May 1954, on the theme: "The Catholic press in the world, its mission, its future", with the participation of 250 journalists from 28 countries. At the UCIP Congress in

2448:. His words on 28 September 1996 in Cologne that the "user of the internet provides the content" were prophetic. Catholic communicators then asked him the question "How will the technology use us?" At that time, he couldn't give a clear answer, but he drew attention to the possible 927:

in different language versions: French, English, and Spanish, illustrated and printed on their own printing machine – offset press in Brussels. First transforming the internal bulletin into an international periodical for internal and external use. In 1988, it changed its name into

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SIGNIS supports the production and distribution of quality television programmes throughout the world, organizing seminars that bring together TV producers, programmers, and channels searching for opportunities for co-production or collaboration. SIGNIS also collaborates with the

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In March 1937, the first Newsletter of OCIC was published in Brussels. It was only in French. It was mimeographed and produced in the office and the first issue counted five pages send by post to the members and other stakeholders. Although it was not in German, the newsletter

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had taken several initiatives on cinema for children. In 1950, the Venice International Film Festival invited OCIC to organize study days on the production and distribution of children's films. In the following years, OCIC's director of the Children's Films Service, P.

620:, WUCWO) urged Catholics involved in cinema to build an international Catholic cinema organisation in order to have a say in the international film work of the League of Nations. This led to the founding of OCIC in 1928 with its first secretary general the French canon 595:

was established in Geneva with the objective to prevent another world war by promoting a culture of peace and dialogue. This was not only a matter of politicians and diplomats but also and a matter of the cultural world. In 1922, a technical committee for culture, the

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As a result of the merger of the Catholic media organizations OCIC and Unda, SIGNIS was founded in 2001. The archives of OCIC and Unda are located in the Documentation and Research Centre for Religion, Culture, and Society, KADOC, at the Catholic University of Louvain

4817: 1310:, Superior General specified this in saying that the station intended to be the "official mouthpiece of everything Catholic. We want especially to reach isolated communities where there is no Catholic Church". All lasted only a few years. That year, the Dominican Fr. 3191:

The seminar is open to Catholic television stations, channels, institutions, producers, and production centres. The aim is to build a network and to share capacities, enable co-productions, and build a professional community. The first secretary general of SIGNIS,

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and gradually it became a trilingual international quarterly magazine. It wanted to show the world OCIC activities – of the General Secretariat and its members – and reflections on cinema in the secular world. The need to have a new internal bulletin was felt and

3183:, for the first time, a selected international panel of national and international Catholic radio networks as well as some major international Catholic radio stations from all around the world came together in a Consultative Seminar for Catholic radio networks. 3710:

to consider promoting African cinema as one of its priorities for the future. At Unda, broadcasting of radio and television channels in Africa was also one of its priority concerns. In 1973, OCIC installed its first jury at FESPACO and the first prize went to

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During canon Jean Bernard's presidency (1947–1972), the writing and reviews continued but the main development was the establishing of juries at international film festivals, in collaboration with the directors and boards of the festivals, beginning at the

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the global digital highways and those in the poorer regions of the world which are still struggling to "connect" to their own towns and villages. For this, SIGNIS Services Rome provides an Internet service via satellite that covers all of Africa: the

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in September 2019 was "The African Youth in the Digital World; Promoting Creativity for Integral Development". The theme came up with the conclusion that the digital media should be at the service of integral human development, especially that of the

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promote collaboration among members, through conferences, publications, information exchanges, and research; to represent internationally the interests of members; to help meet communications needs of members; to help meet communications needs of the

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was already involved in building a radio to transmit the "voice of the Holy Father to almost every land". It became a race against time because the Protestants had the same plans to be present in the world via the new invention which was the radio.

1405:. In February 1954, Unda organized the first International Catholic Conference for Television in Paris and had as its theme "The Status of Catholic Television and Its Place Within National Broadcasting Systems". Due to the conference, the first 4577: 734:

Preservation of film also became a concern. The consequences for OCIC in terms of policy and power was that it could not be described as a 'sacristy' organization. Later, a succinct description of how OCIC saw its scope (as the president, Fr.

4708: 3022:). SIGNIS continued also the ecumenical dialogue in cinema, which started in 1974 at the Locarno Festival. In 2017, SIGNIS representatives collaborate with members of Interfilm in 17 international film festivals to award an ecumenical prize ( 3771: 2435:

and to bring it in the digital new world for research. The digital evolution, or revolution, had an indirect influence on the birth of SIGNIS. In 1993, the General Secretariat of OCIC with its secretary general Robert Molhant introduced the

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From 26 to 30 April 1954, Unda conducted an International Congress for Radio/TV specialists and professionals from thirty-two countries attended to talk about preaching via radio and television, family and radio and television (with Fr.

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on the digital new world. At the OCIC/Unda World Congress in Rome in 2001, at the birth of SIGNIS, a symposium/seminar was given by webmasters. In 2006, SIGNIS staff member Jim McDonnell presented a paper to the ECIC in London, linking

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Between UCIP, Unda, and OCIC, there were always contacts. As the offices of OCIC and (since the 1970s for) Unda were also in Belgium, these contacts were easy and friendly. All three organizations were represented on the board of the

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Guido Convents, "Resisting the lure of the modern: Catholics, international politics, and the Establishment of the International Catholic Office for Cinema (1918–1928)", p.19-24, Daniël Biltereyst, Daniela Treveri Gennari eds.

4902: 5015: 4358: 3124: 5762:"Pope Leo XIII : his life and letters, from recent and authentic sources : together with useful, instructive, and entertaining information required by all Roman Catholic people throughout the world | WorldCat.org" 5123: 4322: 2467:

World Congress in June 2017, the Board established a digital desk alongside the other desks (cinema, television, radio, media education, and journalism). The theme of the SIGNIS-Africa General Congress and Assembly held in

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OCIC developed a complex but largely positive approach to this new art. It wanted to offer guidance to audiences and to discover and foster productions which promoted the same values as Christians did. It wanted to inform

625: 4472: 3039: 1334: 4394: 3759: 2372: 617: 644:). It also expressed its intention to collaborate with the film industry. One of its concerns was the promotion of 'good' films, both for education and entertainment. This was one of the aspects put forward by the 5037: 463: 328:

The Mission of SIGNIS is: "To engage with media professionals and support Catholic Communicators to help transform our cultures in the light of the Gospel by promoting Human Dignity, Justice and Reconciliation."

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person, building up a community grounded in solidarity, justice, and love, and speaking the truth about human life and its final fulfillment in God were, are, and will remain at the heart of ethics in the media.

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move of the churches to bring religion by means of radio to "humanity". This was put forward because in the Vatican, the Pope was interested to spread the Christian message to all over the earth. The Company of

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and a specialized technical office in Rome (SIGNIS Service Rome). In September 2023 the Assembly of Delegates moved to relocate the administrative office from Brussels to Rome. In 2015, SIGNIS chose Archbishop

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has a long history of engagement with the media of communications, from the liturgy itself, in manuscripts and print publishing, in painting, architecture, and music. But with the emergence and spread of new

4641: 4524: 3918: 1719:: World Congress Unda with the common Unda–OCIC international study days on Communication and human promotion, the challenges today – with common studydays with Unda and the keynote speech by Sean MacBride 538:

evangelisation with worldwide influence on families and, above all, on young audiences. In several countries worldwide, priests started to use cinema as part of their apostolate. Among them, there was the

4861: 3774:(International Film Competition for Children and Youth of Gijón). Film education became one of the priorities of OCIC / SIGNIS. Since the 1990s, members of OCIC / SIGNIS in Latin America were involved in 4605: 4298: 5364: 27: 4496: 5239: 4128: 1319: 462:

As a fruit of the contemporary Catholic Action, UCIP was founded in Belgium in 1927. A year later, the Office Catholique Internationale du Cinéma (OCIC) came into being in The Netherlands, and the

1949:, the UCIP adopted somewhat later new statutes that allow the reception of non-Catholics. Due to administrative mismanagement of the elections of the board of UCIP of 2007 at the 22nd Congress in 4406: 4238: 4226: 3880: 1342: 4915: 3137: 5393: 4462: 3634:

are not anymore reflecting the activities of the organisation in the professional world of cinema. In February 2019, SIGNIS started a new international multilingual trimestrial film magazine

5480: 1898:

in 1957, with four hundred participants from 32 countries, it was stated that one of the aims of the Catholic press was to become a trusted source of information for non-Catholics. In 1963,

5062: 3763: 3082:). This policy of dialogue with other Christian churches was extended in 2002 to other religions in inter-religious juries. The first interfaith jury was organized in Tehran in 2003 at the 1963: 1890:. Finally, the congress was held in Rome in 1950 with, for the first time, vice presidents from French-speaking Canada and the United States, although the CPA became a member-only in 1955. 5163: 5076: 4565: 3737:

even one of the main reasons why OCIC was founded in 1928. Catholics organized educational sessions for children in their schools and parishes. This experience has been recognized by the

1933: 5179: 2807: 114: 3658:. Cinema in Africa has always been a concern of OCIC / SIGNIS. Since 1952, its member in Egypt promotes local cinema. In the 1950s, the OCIC missionary service in Rome used cinema for 846: 4170: 4141: 3979: 1847:

into being in Cologne in Germany. More and more catholic newspapers were launched worldwide in the coming years as the Malaysian bishops did on 5 January 1935 with the still-existing

636:

and others, in a professional way, about the moral and artistic quality of films, so that they could decide themselves if they would go and see a film or not. It was the beginning of

5287: 5386: 4202: 4004: 3407:. Some twenty Catholic journalists came from Pakistan, Korea, the Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, India, Japan, Cambodia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and Singapore. 3090:

jury members selected by the festival. The jury has to consider for its award a new Iranian feature film. The idea of jury representatives from different faiths was followed by the

1790:, Louisiana was published in French. Before 1914, there were Catholic journalist associations in the United States (CPA). Other publications were founded by religious orders and by 2572: 2463:. For SIGNIS, there is also the dimension of how the values of the gospel can be present and enhance the digital age at the service for a better world for humankind. At the SIGNIS 6818: 5151: 5025: 4966: 4540: 4214: 2715: 856: 667:

in the Netherlands, but the members and leadership of OCIC saw that their work was in collaboration in promoting exhibition, distribution, review, and critical writing on cinema.

481:

were contributing to secularization. On the other hand, they also believed that by engaging in these media, and above all the secular media, they could use them as a new means of

470:

saw the opportunities offered by the mass media to present their views and opinions on life and the world and so they naturally became involved in promoting education and values.

4845: 5349: 3947: 3893: 1870:. These statutes were presented to the Vatican at the 2nd International Congress of Catholic Journalists in September 1936 in Rome. That year, Count Giuseppe Dalla Torre of the 744:

made the most impact – a policy of seeing 'Christ in the Marketplace'. The image of the marketplace was later embraced by John Paul II, referring to Paul's mixed hearing in the

640:. OCIC called for the creation of national organizations dealing with topics such as childhood, families, spirituality, religion and cinema, and film reviews (an early form of 5316: 5211: 4017: 5191: 4046: 2227:

joint secretariat to cover all the media, but the rest of the world did not follow them. The 1980s saw the proliferation of video use, soon followed by rapid developments in

1337:(BCIR) in Cologne during their meeting in June of that year. The name BICR was changed after the war into Unda. The president of BCIR was Fr. Perquin; the director was Msgr. 140: 5371: 2941: 1886:

in 1938, it was decided that the III Universal Congress of the Catholic Press would be held in Poland in September 1939, but it could not be held due to the outbreak of the

1842: 6422:

Informatique 40 ans après: pour une typologie des mémoires à préserver Frère Ferdinand Poswick, Conservatoire Nationale des Arts et Métiers (CNAM), Paris 7–8 novembre 2012.

5195: 4095: 5263: 4731: 2598: 2222:

in 1982 to study mutual relations. A commission, led by the American Fr. John Geaney, CSP, suggested that the two organizations should merge. But at the World Congress in

5291: 1157:

organisation for film – on Communication creation, the sacred and cinema, the visualisation of the relations man and women in the film, and the film for and with children

4682: 3930: 2306: 840: 820: 5378: 5087: 3693: 3578: 2687: 2383: 2264: 1969: 1837: 1173:: Gwatt: International and interconfessionnal (with Interfilm) meeting in Switzerland on short films and audiovisual programmes at the service of the Christian message 5456: 4154: 3803: 2661: 6712: 2699: 1849: 1232:: World Congress of OCIC with the common Unda–OCIC study days on culture, media and Gospel Values – with a keynote speech by the Polish filmmaker Krzysztof Zanussi 4889: 6835: 5865:

Guido Convents and Tom Van Beeck, "Forum. Documenting Catholic Media Activities all over the World: the SIGNIS, OCIC and Unda Archives" (1928–1998), p. 113-121,

5251: 4935: 3390:

provides technical consultation and equipment to radio stations, especially in Africa. It helps with training, logistics, and building networks for its members.

2584: 1770:

In the 19th century, Catholic newspapers and magazines were founded in countries across the world. The first Catholic diocesan paper in the US, for example, was

736: 236: 1822:, a Sinhala-language Catholic weekly, as a four-page broadsheet of Church news and papal speeches in 1865. In 1886, more than two decades after it started, the 878: 6477:

Malone, Peter (ed.). The Emergence of SIGNIS. Celebrating 80 years of Catholic presence in the Media with Unda, OCIC and SIGNIS.Brussels/Chang Mai: SIGNIS,2009

6433:

Computer and its global Empire, 4th World Video and Multimedia Forum. Symposium Köln 28 September 1996", booklet printed on OCIC Printed Press, Brussels, 1996.

4099: 4070: 2816:: Fr. Peter Malone (MSC, Australia, 2001–2005); M. Augie Loorthusamy (Malaysia, 2005–2014). M. Gustavo Andujar (Cuba, 2014–2017), Ms. Helen Osman (USA, 2017–) 1818: 1329:

European Catholic broadcasters did meet for the first time in May 1927 in Cologne (Germany) while attending an international press exhibition organized by Dr.

1009:: Brussels: World Congress of OCIC with international study days theme on Catholic Action in Cinema considered in the light of the teachings of the encyclical 890: 588:. He became one of the leading personalities, as president of OCIC in the 1930s, in the field of cinema. OCIC itself was the result of international politics. 2649: 865: 7195: 5400: 5275: 3663: 2768: 2742: 2719: 205:, internet, and new technology. It is a non-profit organization with representation from over 100 countries. It was formed in November 2001 by the merger of 1836:

as a daily newspaper in France in 1883. In 1910, the First Congress for Brazilian Catholic Journalists found a place and the Catholic national press agency

851: 6811: 5356: 4939: 4873: 4346: 4083: 2691: 2653: 2641: 2633: 1551: 1521: 1338: 284: 1630:: The themes of the Assembly's study sessions were The Priest Before the Microphone, Broadcasting in the Service of Education, and Liturgy and Television. 7190: 4919: 4665: 4589: 3157: 2428: 597: 2401:, he considered the digital as a great help to the Church's pastors and faithful in facing the many challenges of the emerging media culture. He wrote: 255:

established a new dicastery of the Roman Curia with authority over all communications offices of the Holy See and the Vatican City State, including the

6966: 5135: 4978: 4773: 4593: 4262: 3791: 2711: 2657: 2618: 2482: 1394: 1307: 521:

Catholics were involved in the new art of cinema from its inception. In November 1895, the Catholic University of Louvain organised a screening of the

6499:

the promotion of films: Molhant, Robert. OCIC Awards at Film Festivals and Grand Prix 1947–1966: The First Twenty Years. Brussels:OCIC Editions, 2000

4694: 2949: 2803: 2594: 6948: 5334: 4653: 4310: 3991: 3725:

and its atrocities. Since then, OCIC and now SIGNIS, developed actions to promote not only African cinema in Africa but also elsewhere in the world.

3127:. This Seminar brought together the promoters of different international film festivals in which religion and its artistic expression stand central. 2937: 2799: 2707: 2673: 2564: 1311: 6672: 2614: 1940:

in Switzerland, to discuss the theme: "The Media and the Challenge of Globalization." Congress delegates issued a statement in which they condemned

1882:

where the secretariat of the International Union of the Catholic Press (IUCP/UCIP) was based. At the annual meeting of the directors of the IUCP in

951:(Den Haag). The first secretary general was Rev. Reymond who got the secretariat established in Paris. In 1933, the secretariat moved from Paris to 4857: 4617: 4115: 4058: 3615: 3508:

to share experiences, keynote speeches of specialists in different fields of communication, a film program, a board meeting, and other activities.

3382:

seeks to reinforce existing networks and encourage interaction between networks to enhance the shared learning experience. SIGNIS policy is one of

3193: 2795: 2787: 2764: 2746: 2665: 2645: 987:: With the Belgian Centre Catholic d'Action Cinématogrpahique (CCAC), reorganisation of the international organisation with international studydays 647: 637: 6384:"Media Education. Johannesburg SIGNIS Charter on Media Education. Building a Global Community of Media Educators", p.148-154; Peter Malone (ed.), 4923: 2760: 2297: 1945:

effects." Two days before the Congress, the International Meeting of Young Journalists, a branch of UCIP, was held. Despite the reluctance of the

581: 6804: 5468: 4789: 4629: 4451: 4334: 2928: 2738: 2695: 2610: 1875: 1532: 1508: 831: 153: 3766:(or Bureau International Catholique de l'Enfance) (BICE). Between 1970 and 1987, an OCIC Jury gave its award at the children's film festival in 5843:, A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. 4286: 4274: 4250: 3707: 3630: 3610: 3051: 2895:

as its patron because of his willingness to give his life rather than be silent in the face of justice. Romero was canonized in October 2018.

2703: 2606: 2459: 2252: 1751:: Montréal: World Congress of Unda with the common Unda–OCIC international study days on creativity in the media sphere: spiritual opportunity 569:

and in religions. In early 1907, an American film magazine published that from a modest beginning six or seven years earlier the films of the

6936: 4829: 3751: 3161: 2791: 2580: 2576: 2568: 1978: 1426: 585: 543: 127: 2457:

and advocacy issues. In 2008, a cover story on the changing media landscape which is the establishing of the digital world was published in

7185: 6960: 6400:

Guido Convents, "Enfance et cinéma. 50ème anniversaire du Centre international du film pour l'Enfance et la Jeunesse (CIFEJ)", p.26-27, in

3905: 3794:

in Argentina. It also organized with its film critics and juries in international festivals specializing in children's films such as Zlín,

3252: 3107: 3035: 2350:

and the digital sound and images in all media and communications were introduced. Quickly, mass culture became digital. In 1997, the first

930: 256: 244: 1920:" countries. A major theme was the New World Order of Information and Communication (NOMIC). Its 18th World Congress was held in Paris at 6942: 5223: 3783: 3779: 3685: 2637: 2301: 1358: 923: 874: 4520: 877:, which was at that time, a new way of approaching film analysis. In 1948, the OCIC board members met the founder of filmology in Paris 651:, published in 1936. The dominant perspective in this encyclical was cautious, defensive, and moralising, following the approach of the 628:(IECI) of the League of Nations. It was a way to counter the influence of those who had a negative attitude towards the Catholic world. 473:

These professional Catholic lay associations, working in the world of the professional media, wanted to unite their efforts against the

7103: 6930: 3943: 699: 517:

In 1898, W.K.L. Dickson cinematographed Pope Leo XIII in the gardens of the Vatican. It was the first time that a Pope had been filmed.

303: 477:

of society and were thus working in the secular world. On the one hand, they were aware that the press and the new media of radio and

3959: 3624: 232: 6321: 6771: 6310:

Alvito De Souza, "Catholic radio Networks, Radio and Associations..strength in unity", pp.5–7, in SIGNIS Media nr 4, Brussels, 2005

4484: 3063: 1967:, and in Spanish. Later editions were also published in German and English. Between 1961 and 1972, a bi-monthly publication called 1668:: The theme of the Assembly's study sessions: The Christian Conscience and Radio and Television in a World Characterized by Change. 1202:: Munich: World Congress with international study days on cinema as a means of human promotion and the encounter between cultures. 1133: 5119: 5011: 4704: 4111: 4029: 3876: 2293: 5611: 2181:: 21st UCIP World Congress on Media Challenges amidst Cultural and Religions Pluralism for a new Social Order, Justice and Peace 5323: 5175: 4166: 3403:

and the rights of journalists. The first international seminar for Catholic journalists and writers was organized by SIGNIS in

1573: 7060: 6827: 5679: 5637: 5585: 5504: 5499: 3795: 3762:(CIFEJ) in 1957, in which he stayed active for years. His experiences were also shared with other organisations, such as the 3160:. Every three years, the SIGNIS European region co-organized a European Television Festival of Religious Programmes with the 3071: 1823: 224:

The word SIGNIS (always in uppercase) is a combination of the words SIGN and IGNIS (Latin for "fire"). It is not an acronym.

190: 466:(BCIR) in Germany. In 1946, BCIR became the international professional Catholic association for radio and television, Unda. 7113: 5966: 3091: 3031: 656: 251:. OCIC, Unda, and SIGNIS had also members and consultors in the Pontifical Council of Social Communications. In June 2015, 7040: 3269:(Romania): In conjunction with the International Festival on Children's Rights, an initiative of both SIGNIS Romania and 3059: 7028: 7128: 7077: 7070: 3799: 3746: 3638:, seeing that cinema is still significant for the association and her mission to be present in the professional world. 3027: 1150: 710: 2292:

gave a decisive push which led to the foundation of the International Center for Films for Children and Young People,

7164: 6637: 6272: 3494: 3140:(CRTN). It continues and develops the work of Unda in the different TV festivals, which started in the late 1950s in 3099: 2899:

media/communication fields, promote the work of members in these fields, and help coordinate meetings and training.

2869: 2542: 1961:

In 1952, the first newsletter was sent out from the Paris General Secretariat of UCIP. It was published in French as

1806: 1389:

three years later. Unda was asked to give a prize at this festival and this tradition has been carried on by SIGNIS.

830:. When the war started in Belgium in May 1940, the publication didn't continue. It was picked up in November 1944 by 382: 6547:

Convents, Guido, "The work of SIGNIS Juries in Film and Television Festivals", pp. 132–139; in Malone, Peter (ed.).

3476: 2334:. It was as if it absorbed the bits and digits of mass culture like a lightning fire. The arrival of the first real 2251:, Germany from 1977 to 1991. The bonds became closer later. In the 1970s and 1980, UCIP's president was the Belgian 1258:: Montréal: World Congress of OCIC and Unda with study days on creativity in the media sphere: spiritual opportunity 1196:: World Congress of OCIC with international study days on cinema as a communication instrument between human beings. 7016: 5977:

Karel Dibbets, "Il sogno di un impero catolico del cinema: la storia dell'Internazionale Eidophon, 1932–1934", in:

4678: 3900: 3823: 3116: 3083: 2602: 240: 1739:: World Congress of Unda with the common Udna–OCIC international study days on the new Media age and its challenge 6770:

Promoting stories of hope. Report 2017 of SIGNIS, Brussels, 2018 - Find the updated list of Members (2022) here:

5828:

Soixante-Dix Ans au Service du Cinéma et de l'Audiovisuel Organisation catholique internationale du cinéma (OCIC)

3153: 2367:

shapes a greater part of the world view and view of life of ever more people, which implies ethical aspects. The

2210:

From the 1960s, Unda and OCIC began to hold joint meetings and assemblies and incorporated work on the small and

1386: 6662:

Augy Loorthsaamy, "SIGNIS Global Media Education. Project and experiences", in SIGNIS Media nr 3, Brussels 2006.

3018:. In 2017, SIGNIS representatives collaborated with members of the International Interchurch Film Organisation ( 1693:: The theme of the Assembly's study sessions: Mass Media as instruments for evangelization and human development 797:, 1971, nos 142–144). Dialogue was a significant feature of the writings of Paul VI, from his first Encyclical, 7006: 5841:

The structures, activités and policies of Unda, the International Catholic Association for Radio and Television

3472: 3120: 2851: 2524: 2255:(1937–2007). He was succeeded by Austrian Hanns Sassman and German Günther Mees. At the UCIP World Congress in 1183:: World Congress of OCIC with study days on cinema and the human development; the name of OCIC is changed into 722: 364: 292: 247:, the governing body of SIGNIS included a representative of this pontifical council, another department of the 2263:, several Catholic press associations, former members of UCIP, were welcomed into SIGNIS, among them the CPA ( 1862: 767:

From the 1930s on, the Vatican began to have a closer interest in cinema. With the letter of Pius XI in 1936,

6852: 5747:

Staf Hellemans,"From 'Catholicism Against Modernity' to the Problematic 'Modernity of Catholicism', 117–127,

4952: 3668: 1729:: World Congress Unda with the common Unda–OCIC international study days on culture, media, and Gospel Values 6729: 1699:: Namur: The theme of the Assembly's study sessions: The needs of our society and the response of mass media 7108: 7088: 7034: 3430: 3055: 2926:, at the Brussels World Film Festival in 1947. The first award of SIGNIS went in 2002 to the Egyptian film 1658:: The theme of the Assembly's study sessions: Broadcasting and !asic Education in Latin America and Africa. 443:

in an attempt to see if it might help to solve modern problems. In 1888, Leo XIII wrote that unconditional

6560:

Robert Molhant, "The A SIGNIS programme for Catholic Television Stations", p.115-125; Peter Malone (ed.),

6549:

The Emergence of SIGNIS. Celebrating 80 years of Catholic presence in the Media with Unda, OCIC and SIGNIS

522: 7093: 6887: 6882: 6030:"Will Open Catholic Station in New York. Paulist Fathers Plan Others in Chicago and San Francisco", p.6, 5553:

Peter Malone. An Ever Widening Screen: A memoir. ballarat, Vic: Connor Court Publishing, 2015, pp.375–376

1745:: Prague: World Congress of Unda the common Unda–OCIC international study days on media and human dignity 1410: 1302:, their own radio station in New York. The aim was acquainting the public with the Catholic viewpoint of 3164:

Europe, hosted by different national public broadcasters. The 2017 edition took place in Paris in June.

1212:: World Congress of OCIC with international study days on cultural and social influence of foreign films 7133: 5671: 4508: 3383: 2397:

supported the reflection of the PCSS. He felt the urgency to have a kind of guidance in this field. In

1777: 1605:: With the installation of the new General Secretariat in Fribourg and with the new name of Unda (wave) 502: 485:. Efforts had to be made to evangelize the secular mass media, or at least to insert the values of the 1108:: World Congress with Unda and international studydays on creators of films and television productions 5939:

Daniel Biltereyst, "The Roman Catholic church and film exhibition in Belgium, 1926–1940", p.193-214,

4877: 2351: 1782: 1072:: International study days on the distribution and the influence of the moral classification of films 939:

did appear once more. It existed till the end of 2001, the moment OCIC merged with Unda into SIGNIS.

888:

After an issue 0 published in July 1952, OCIC did launch at the end of that year for the second time

459:: professional Catholics working and acting in the secular world including that of the modern media. 272: 6122: 5786: 7138: 7118: 7098: 6876: 6864: 5815:

Stimme der Stimmlosen. UCIP – Katholische Weltunion der Presse: Anmerkungen, Episoden, Hintergründe

5202: 3457: 2444:, Germany, themed to "A symposium on the Computer and its global Empire". The keynote was given by 1291: 885:

published in French, Spanish, and English – which had then existed already more than twenty years.

288: 264: 3368:: A seminar in Prague (Czech Republic) was planned, but due to the Covid pandemic it was canceled. 1082:: World Congress with International study days on the promotion of good films by film associations 921:

In 1979, the new secretary-general Robert Molhant started again a quarterly magazine called first

6892: 6870: 6346:

Guido Convents, Frank and Mary Frost, "90 Years of a North American Presence in SIGNIS", p. 4-8,

5878:

Guido Convents, Frank and Mary Frost, "90 Years of a North American Presence in SIGNIS", p. 4-8,

5207: 3468: 3461: 3387: 2944:. In 2017, SIGNIS juries (representing the national and international members of SIGNIS) were in 2847: 2840: 2520: 2513: 1878:, linked with OCIC, proposed an International Newsletter of the film press, to be established in 1871: 1772: 1167:: World Congress of OCIC with International study days on Cinema at the service of evangelisation 860:

containing not the same articles as in its French and English edition. A German edition began at

689:

although the work of the Legion was acknowledged positively by Pius XI in his encyclical letter,

570: 526: 360: 353: 235:

and has included the "World Catholic Association for Communication, also known as SIGNIS" in its

6772:

https://www.signis.world/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Final-2022-SIGNIS-Annual-Report-standard.pdf

5147: 3211:(South Africa): In conjunction with the Sithengi television market and the SIGNIS Board meeting. 3106:(2006–), and Leipzig since 2016. SIGNIS develops this dialogue according to the criteria of the 2300:

o.p. of OCIC became a founder of CIFEJ; in the 1960s and 1970s, the organizations supported the

1357:. Fr. Perquin resigned and Msgr. Marschall became the new president and the Dutch Dominican Fr. 6978: 3608:

In 2002, SIGNIS started with a multilingual (Spanish/English/French) quarterly magazine called

2244: 2228: 1937: 1137: 864:

in 1951. This important illustrated publication, directed after the departure of Ruszkowski by

793: 782: 1118:: International study days on cinematographic exhibition and its function towards the audience 958: 427:

and challenging the place of the Church in society. Pope Pius IX in 1864 condemned modernity,

6924: 6858: 6455:

The Politics of education. The Challenge of Media Literacy in the Information Society (2006).

6219:"Le second Congrès International des Journalistes Catholiques (Rome, 24–27 septembre 1936)", 5048: 3887: 3689: 3251:(Spain): In conjunction with the World Congress of Catholic Television, an initiative of the 2377: 2023:: 4th UICP World Congress on The Catholic Press in the world, its mission and its future, May 1921: 1826:

became the weekly's official owner. It is one of the oldest Catholic newspapers in Asia. The

260: 194: 6258:

Claire Lesgretain, "Le Vatican fait pression pour aider l'UCIP à sortir d'une grave crise",

3733: 3312:: With the theme: "New Media, New audiences and the challenges faced by Catholic producers". 3144:. In the following years, Unda had juries at other international TV festivals including the 3067: 557:

Early film producers like Pathé Frères found also inspiration in the Bible and in religions.

6210:

Callixte Boulesteix, Thomas d'Hoste et Louis Meyer, Pie XI et la presse, Bonne presse, 1936

6147: 3742: 3079: 3023: 2449: 2445: 1929: 1832: 1406: 1299: 881:

at the Venice Film Festival. In 1973, through lack of funds, OCIC reverted to its bulletin

676: 663:, the Vatican began to move closer to the approach taken by OCIC in the matters of cinema. 448: 5893:

Catholics and the Cinema. A strange story of fears and passions. The beginnings: 1895–1935

3519:(Italy): World Congress: the merger of OCIC and Unda into the new World Association SIGNIS 2481:

who are the majority of the population in the continent. The SIGNIS-Africa President, Fr.

8: 7082: 6995: 6989: 6796: 6697:

Guido Convents, "The international Catholic Child Bureau (BICE) and the Media", p.7, in

6538:

CATHOLIC JOINT WORKING GROUP, Common Witness,"Information Service" 44 (1980), pp. 142–162

5494: 4946: 2281: 805: 694: 685: 501:, several Catholic press associations, former members of UCIP, were welcomed, among them 6612: 2142: 1242:: World Congress of OCIC and Unda with study days on the new Media age and its challenge 435:

wanted to build a bridge between the Church and the modern world and started to promote

417:, and the popular media were no exception. Gregory XVI published in 1832 his encyclical 7159: 6909: 6897: 5967:

Guido Convents, "80th Anniversary of Vigilanti Cura and OCIC" Retrieved 31 October 2017

5723: 4840: 2412: 2389: 1794:

with a desire to give a voice to the Church in the public sphere. Notable examples are

1382: 1287: 776: 276: 3697: 3095: 2677: 553: 7022: 6919: 5675: 5615: 5282: 3738: 3400: 2492: 2394: 2205: 1275: 899: 760: 754: 652: 592: 562: 444: 311: 3152:

in Montreux. In 2017, it gave prizes for the best of television in festivals at the

2775:(O. Carm. The Netherlands, 1990–1998); Fr. Peter Malone (MSC, Australia, 1998–2002) 2393:(2001). During the discussion which led to this document on ethics in the Internet, 1866:

Catholic Newspapers, federated into an international union of the Catholic press in

910:, and the collaboration with the other international Catholic organisations such as 5563: 5341: 5218: 4722:

Commission pour la communication et les médias de la Conférence des évêques suisses

3352:(Taiwan): With the theme: "Imaging the Church in Media: Television and Journalism". 3329: 3015: 2977: 2914: 2219: 2040: 714: 609: 530: 406: 102: 94: 5694:'SIGNIS' au service de l'oeuvre cinématographique", La Croix, Paris, Avril 9, 2013 5645: 5589: 1709:: The theme of the Assembly's study sessions: The role of Unda in a World of Media 1413:, the Pope could give a message in Italian, French, German, English, and Dutch on 5234: 3582: 3378: 3186: 2478: 2346:

was invented and soon became accessible for the general public. Around 1995, the

2339: 1936:, more than a thousand participants attended the twentieth UCIP Congress, at the 1904: 1899: 1801: 1330: 1295: 727: 605: 456: 396: 98: 3167:

In November 2003, SIGNIS held its first workshop for Catholic radio stations in

7123: 7001: 6984: 6954: 4479: 3718: 3659: 3342:(Brasil): With the theme: "Knowing Your Audience: Connecting to the Periphery". 2998: 2909: 2734: 2454: 2421: 2355: 2343: 2335: 1974: 1827: 1812: 1791: 1303: 907: 869: 799: 787: 641: 633: 621: 482: 474: 440: 307: 3075: 1816:, an Australian newspaper. In Sri Lanka, the layman John Fernando founded the 7179: 5919:

The Bible on Silent FDilm; Spectacle, Story and Scripture in the Early Cinema

5529: 5444: 5186: 5032: 2985: 2953: 2772: 2427:

From 1980 on, this was a reinforced tendency for OCIC and Unda. In 1981, Br.

2327: 2323: 2232: 2056: 1346: 1154: 854:

and published in Luxemburg. Later, a Spanish edition was published in Madrid

718: 613: 547: 478: 432: 401: 280: 268: 202: 2652:(Switzerland, 1950–1952); P. John Dito (OP, The Netherlands, 1952–1953); P. 2218:

in 1980, the first joint meeting of the boards of Unda and OCIC was held in

1252:: World Congress of OCIC and Unda with study days on media and human dignity 1193: 1092:: International study days on the promotion of good films for a broad public 6717: 6521:

Guido Convents, "The work of SIGNIS juries in Film and Television Festivals

4106: 3871: 3404: 3280: 3172: 3149: 2957: 2892: 2756: 2417: 2363: 2086: 1887: 1365: 1283: 959:

General Assemblies (World Congress) of OCIC and its international studydays

740: 660: 659:

to launch a crusade against the "abuses" of the motion pictures. After the

452: 410: 252: 7051: 6486:

Bernardo Suate, "SIGNIS Services in Rome", p.154-159; Peter Malone (ed.),

6245:

Michel Kubler, "Religions et médias en face à face au Congrès de l'UCIP",

3362:(Eire): With the theme: "Beyond Production: Marketing for Maximum Impact". 2694:(Germany, 1935–1938); Fr. John Dito (OP, The Netherlands, 1938–1946); Mgr 977:: With the BCIR first international Congress, the General Assembly of OCIC 6972: 4715: 4612: 4341: 3954: 3722: 3706:

his Grand Prix. Then the organisation accepted the proposal of Professor

3655: 3586: 3168: 3145: 3141: 3086:. This jury comprises two jury members selected by SIGNIS and one or two 3047: 2993: 2923: 2883: 2669: 2469: 2331: 2198: 1917: 1787: 1681: 1646: 1441: 1435: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1129: 911: 601: 546:

in Switzerland. Before the arrival of cinema, he projected images with a

248: 6148:"History of the Catholic Press Association – Catholic Press Association" 6004:

Peter Malone, at his conference in Oxford UK, 16/05/2011/ Dario Vigano,

3003: 1861:

did set up a World Exposition of the Press in the Vatican, the heart of

1349:'s first broadcast and to advise them in this new communication domain. 6847: 5432: 5170: 4812: 4572: 4221: 4197: 4090: 4040: 3986: 3925: 3787: 3713: 3677: 3540: 3332:(Russia): With the theme: "Dialogue of Churches, Dialogue of cultures". 3309: 3300: 3290: 3218: 3103: 2965: 2854: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2763:(Belgium, 1933–1947); Rev. Jean Bernard (Switzerland, 1947–1972); Rev. 2527: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2285: 2211: 2188: 2132: 2076: 1950: 1796: 1572:: Foundation of the Bureau Catholique International de Radiodiffusion ( 1125: 1098:: Vienna: International study days on cinema, youth, and the government 791:(1963), spoke about the spirituality dimensions to be found in cinema ( 428: 419: 367: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 198: 6171:"La presse catholique internationale à la Maison de la Bonne Presse", 5787:"James A. Weisheipl, O.P., The Revival of Thomism, retrieved 30/10/17" 4065: 2214:

media that were then being developed. After the Unda-OCIC Congress in

2191:: 24th UCIP World Congress on Media and Religion: Risk or Opportunity? 2171:: 20th UCIP World Congress on Media and the Challenge of Globalization 6673:"SIGNIS launches the digital desk while reorganizing its departments" 5114: 4973: 4768: 4365: 4353: 4257: 4233: 4024: 3565:

Media for a Culture of Peace: Creating Images with the New Generation

3339: 3266: 3208: 3197: 3176: 3112: 3019: 3011: 3007: 2304:

in Latin America; and from 1987 to 2001, Unda with OCIC produced its

2161:: Paris: 19th UCIP World Congress on The Press: A Medium for Tomorrow 2122: 1973:(65 issues) were published by the UCIP Secretary General, the French 1941: 1867: 1483: 1471: 1465: 1414: 1354: 1180: 1022:: International study days on spiritual values in the film profession 999: 967:: La Haye: Foundation of the International Catholic Office for Cinema 948: 749: 494: 414: 207:

International Catholic Organization for Cinema and Audiovisual (OCIC)

6508:

Peter Malone, "The Cinema tradition, p.126-131; Peter Malone (ed.),

6197:"L'Union Internationale de la Presse catholique se réunit à Liège", 3680:. Since the independence of most African countries, missionaries in 3545:

Media for a Culture of Peace – Children's Rights, Tomorrow's Promise

3446: 3436: 2829: 2725: 2624: 2555: 2502: 2326:

world did start expanding worldwide also in the Catholic world. The

1874:

became the president of the association. In 1937, the Dominican Fr.

1409:

broadcast could be worked out. With the Eurovision officials at the

342: 7154: 6903: 5158: 4930: 4896: 4818:

SIGNIS-Costa Rica Asociación Católica Costarricense de Comunicación

4672: 4660: 4636: 4389: 4383:

RBCT, Regional Bishops' Conference of Taiwan, Social Communications

4329: 4305: 4209: 4161: 3912: 3839: 3639: 3256: 2989: 2973: 2887: 2737:(France, 1928–1933); Fr. Jean Bernard (Luxembourg, 1935–1947); Fr. 2473: 2368: 2359: 2347: 2277: 2236: 2168: 1994: 1946: 1883: 1655: 1602: 1537: 1495: 1459: 1453: 1447: 1105: 997:: Cancelled because of the international political situation – the 984: 772: 672: 534: 228: 45: 3831:

in October 2019 and is dedicated to the inter-religious dialogue.

3767: 3599:(South Korea): SIGNIS World Congress "Peace in the Digital World". 2778: 2493:

Presidents and secretaries general of OCIC, Unda, UCIP, and SIGNIS

2206:

Catholics in radio, television, cinema, and press working together

1282:

In the US, the first Catholic stations went on the air in 1925 in

211:

International Catholic Association for Radio and Television (Unda)

6735: 5817:

Bd. 2, LIT Verlag Berlin-Münster-Wien-Zürich-London, 2005, 208 S.

5463: 5439: 5427: 5270: 4868: 4852: 4648: 4559: 4531: 4515: 4503: 4445: 4433: 4401: 4317: 4077: 4053: 3810:

can be consulted in their digital version on the SIGNIS website.

3702: 3681: 3651: 3319: 3196:, did initiate the TV seminars in 2003 with the first meeting in 3043: 2486: 2441: 2256: 2178: 1858: 1736: 1716: 1569: 1520:(quarterly) published between 1934 and 1945 in French, edited by 1239: 1219: 1059: 1029: 705: 513: 436: 424: 217:

in 2017, SIGNIS welcomed also former member organisations of the

49: 6914: 5246: 5005: 4884: 4784: 4624: 4600: 4491: 4377: 4148: 4135: 3998: 3858: 3828: 3775: 3755: 3574: 3554: 3425: 3359: 3349: 3270: 3248: 3228: 3087: 2981: 2961: 2945: 2464: 2289: 2260: 2248: 2215: 2112: 2096: 2066: 2030: 1895: 1706: 1690: 1637: 1627: 1612: 1593: 1583: 1489: 1477: 1249: 1164: 1146: 1115: 1079: 1069: 1062:: International study days on the moral classification of films 1039: 994: 974: 952: 903: 895: 745: 680: 539: 498: 486: 431:, and "pestilential books, pamphlets and newspapers". However, 299: 214: 3844:

The members in Africa and in the Indian Ocean Islands are:

3187:

International SIGNIS TV desk seminars of Catholic TV producers

3111:

organized the 1st International Seminar of Film and Values in

1264:: Rome: World Congress of OCIC and Unda – merging into SIGNIS. 505:(Catholic Press Association of the United States and Canada). 6232:"Internationale Unie der Katholieke pers. Congres te Breda", 5475: 5451: 5258: 5072: 4800: 4689: 4584: 4547: 4293: 4281: 4269: 4245: 3970: 3937: 3772:

Certamen Internacional de Cine para la Infancia y la Juventud

3596: 2969: 2437: 2432: 2375:(PCSS) published a series of documents on this topic such as 2223: 2020: 1879: 1726: 1229: 1209: 1089: 1049: 861: 675:

International film festival in 1947, and a year later at the

566: 6297:

Guido Convents, "Looking for the roots of SIGNIS", p. 27-28,

4749: 697:, avowed Communist, though winner of the 1964 award for his 6574: 6082:

Guido Convents, "Looking for the roots of SIGNIS", p.29-30,

5142: 5130: 5058: 4909: 4824: 4536: 4122: 4011: 3975: 3818: 3526: 3516: 3238: 3180: 2579:(France, 1955–1968); Pierre Chevalier (France, 1974–1980); 2431:, linked with OCIC, launched his project to digitalize the 2152: 2004: 1758: 1665: 1019: 1003:

of Austria by Nazi Germany – because the OCIC was anti-Nazi

915: 574: 174: 6826: 6786: 6069:

Guido Convents,"Looking for the roots of SIGNIS", p.33-34,

5995:

Peter Malone, at his conference in Oxford UK, 16 May 2011.

5904:

Susanna Petrin, "The first Swiss film buff was a Priest",

5088:

Catholic Press Association of the United States and Canada

4578:

Communication & Presse de l'Archidiocèse de Luxembourg

3579:

Catholic Press Association of the United States and Canada

3293:(Thailand): In conjunction with the SIGNIS World Congress. 2265:

Catholic Press Association of the United States and Canada

6396: 6394: 6360: 5703:

SIGNIS. Libreria Editrice Vaticana. Retrieved 2008-12-09.

4962: 4419:

The members of SIGNIS in Europe and the Middle East are:

2741:(Belgium, 1944–1945 – provisory secretary-general); Mrs. 1912:) freedom of speech and publication to be a human right. 1525: 1398: 1315: 709:. The controversy was inflamed by another spark when the 6791: 6575:"European Television Festival of Religious Programmes |" 5712:"Board of Management". SIGNIS. Retrieved 9 December 2008 4553:

Ufficio Nazionale per le Comunicazioni Sociali della CEI

4371:

NCCSC, National Catholic Centre for Social Communication

3241:(France): In conjunction with the SIGNIS World Congress. 1425:

In 1969, the European members of Unda (Unda Europe) and

646:

Encyclical Letter of Pope Pius XI on the Motion Picture

4414: 3557:(Lebanon): World Congress SIGNIS: foreseen but canceled 3221:(France): In conjunction with the SIGNIS Board meeting. 1810:

launched in Britain in 1860 by Archibald Dunn, and the

918:. It was also mimeographed and produced in the office. 550:

for schoolchildren, and from 1902 on, he used cinema.

237:

Directory of International Associations of the Faithful

6391: 6273:"Int'l Catholic press union loses Vatican recognition" 4709:

Unión Católica de Informadores y Periodistas de España

1925:

and first non-European president of the organisation.

1559: 827:

Mitteilungen des Internationales Katholischen Filmbüro

5016:

Association of Roman Catholic Communicators of Canada

4359:

Communications Office of the Archdiocese of Singapore

3563:: Rome (Italy): World Congress SIGNIS: the theme was 3125:

Blanquerna Observatory on Media, Religion and Culture

2912:. OCIC gave its very first prize to the Italian film 2819: 1268: 1052:: International study days on Cinema and the Missions 850:(French Edition) was launched under the direction of 5991: 5989: 5987: 5124:

Australian Catholic Office for Film and Broadcasting

4806:

Coordinadora de los Comunicadores Católicos de Chile

4754:

The members in Latin America and the Caribbean are:

4439:

Medienreferat der Österreichischen Bischofskonferenz

4323:

CBCM, Episcopal Commission for Social Communications

4034:

Compagnie d'Animation et de Production Audiovisuelle

2330:

meant that the digital world was entering fast into

2007:: 2nd International Congress of Catholic Journalists 1546:, (monthly) published in 1952 by Fr. Raymond Pichard 6056:Guido Convents, "Looking for the roots of SIGNIS", 5809: 5807: 5328:

Asociación Latinoamericana de Educación Radiofónica

2882:SIGNIS, an international organisation according to 1032:: International study days on Christian film critic 626:

International Educational Cinematographic Institute

598:

International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation

6967:International Union of Guides and Scouts of Europe 4778:Asociación Católica Argentina para la Comunicación 3650:was dedicated to honoring the 50th anniversary of 2317: 1761:: Concluded with the merger with OCIC into SIGNIS. 1361:o.p. of the KRO became the new General Secretary. 1136:), on the apostolat of cinema in the light of the 6949:International Federation of Catholic Universities 5984: 4903:Asociación de Comunicadores Católicos de Paraguay 4834:Organización Católica Cubana para la Comunicación 3603: 3543:(Thailand): World Congress SIGNIS: the theme was 3437:General Assemblies and World Congresses of SIGNIS 3322:(Kenya): With the theme: "Media for development". 3014:dialogue in cinema, which started in 1974 at the 2731:OCIC secretaries-general for the period 1928–2001 2726:OCIC secretaries-general and presidents 1928–2001 2630:Unda secretaries-general for the period 1928–2001 2625:Unda secretaries-general and presidents 1928–2001 2561:UCIP secretaries-general for the period 1927–2011 2556:UCIP secretaries-general and presidents 1927–2011 2342:came into being shortly after. A year later, the 1780:, in 1822. In 1842, the first Catholic newspaper 1501: 1335:Bureau Catholique International de Radiodiffusion 1314:founded the Catholic Radio Broadcasting Company ( 942: 812: 7177: 6319: 5941:Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 5867:Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 5804: 4395:CSCT, Catholic Social Communications of Thailand 3840:SIGNIS in Africa and in the Indian Ocean Islands 3760:International Film Center for Children and Youth 2373:The Pontifical Council for Social Communications 2270: 1185:International Catholic 'Organisation' for Cinema 219:International Catholic Union of the Press (UCIP) 5299: 5038:Catholic Academy of Communication Professionals 3790:and linked cinema with media education such as 3577:(Canada): World Congress SIGNIS: accepting the 3529:(France): World Congress SIGNIS: the theme was 2784:SIGNIS secretaries-general for the period 2001– 2779:SIGNIS secretaries-general and presidents 2001– 464:Bureau Catholic International de Radiodiffusion 6722: 5955:Moralizing cinema: film, Catholicism and power 4742:Centro Cattolico per la Radio e la Televisione 4473:Média Animation, Communication & Éducation 3964:Commission Episcopale des MCS de Côte d'Ivoire 1555:, a quarterly review launched in December 1976 785:and its Declaration on Social Communications, 6937:International Catholic Conference of Scouting 6812: 6766: 6764: 6762: 6760: 6758: 6756: 6754: 6752: 6184:"Congrès Universel de la Presse Catholique", 5228:Catholic Commission for Social Communications 4116:Southern African Catholic Bishops' Conference 1984: 1420: 1324:Liberal Protestant Radio Broadcasting Company 618:World Union of Catholic Women's Organisations 7196:International organisations based in Belgium 6961:International Union of Catholic Esperantists 6464:Guido Convents, "Digital Etics", pp.4–7, in 4642:Secretariado Nacional da Pastoral da Cultura 3821:cultural event in September 2019 and at the 3581:(CPA) as member of SIGNIS. Guests of Honor: 3253:Pontifical Council for Social Communications 3108:Pontifical Council for Social Communications 1997:: First World Congress of the Catholic Press 1345:. BCIR was also asked to help in organizing 1042:: International study days on Film education 947:In 1928, OCIC was founded in the Dutch city 835:the situation in Belgium had become normal. 600:(CICI), was formed, with personalities like 451:could be tolerated. Later on, in the 1920s, 257:Pontifical Council for Social Communications 245:Pontifical Council for Social Communications 187:World Catholic Association for Communication 6943:International Catholic Migration Commission 6017:"Roman Catholic Church to Broadcast", p.2, 5930:The Moving Picture World, March 1907, p.42. 4525:Hungarian Catholic Association of the Press 3475:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 3410: 1928:On 19 September 2001, a few days after the 1381:by Unda. This TV festival was supported by 7191:International associations of the faithful 7104:Fellowship of Catholic University Students 6931:International Alliance of Catholic Knights 6819: 6805: 6749: 6006:Cinema e Chiesa. I documenti del Magistero 5304:The group of International Members are: 4986: 4606:Centre Catholique Communication et Culture 4299:Macau Diocesan Social Communication Center 3622:from 2006 on, as well the new publication 3424:The SIGNIS Desk was founded at the SIGNIS 3386:and promoting professional collaboration. 1765: 4750:SIGNIS in Latin America and the Caribbean 3865:Comisión de Medios de Comunicación Social 3495:Learn how and when to remove this message 2870:Learn how and when to remove this message 2543:Learn how and when to remove this message 1385:who, inspired by this event, created the 525:films. In April–May 1898, the Englishman 383:Learn how and when to remove this message 295:is part of the governing body of SIGNIS. 233:International Association of the Faithful 28:World Assembly OCIC and Unda in Rome 2001 6598:"Radio", p.121-125; Peter Malone (ed.), 5095: 3919:Catholic Bishops' Conference of Ethiopia 2753:OCIC presidents for the period 1928–2001 2684:Unda presidents for the period 1928–2001 2591:UCIP presidents for the period 1927–2011 552: 512: 6638:"Catholic journalists meet in Malaysia" 6008:, Effatà Editrice, Cantalupa (TO) 2002. 5957:, Publisher: Routledge, New York, 2015. 5240:Catholic Communications Solomon Islands 4129:Commission Nationale Catholique des MCS 2702:(OP, The Netherlands, 1950–1962); Mgr. 2690:(OP, The Netherlands, 1928–1935); Mgr. 2338:in 1988 changed a lot – even more when 1320:Socialist Association of Works Amateurs 624:, who also became the secretary of the 531:American Mutoscope and Biograph Company 508: 231:has officially recognized SIGNIS as an 7178: 6828:Associations of the Christian faithful 6446:European Christian Internet Conference 5524: 5522: 5520: 4407:CBCV, Social Communications Commission 4239:Hong Kong Diocesan Audio-Visual Centre 3881:Commission des Moyens de Communication 3393: 2814:SIGNIS presidents for the period 2001– 2656:(OP, The Netherlands, 1953–1954); Fr. 1343:Union Internationale de Radiodiffusion 1149:: International study days during the 310:, in Geneva and New York City and the 6800: 6442: 6440: 3782:(Plan de niños) as the film festival 3138:Catholic Radio and Television Network 2640:(OP, The Netherlands, 1935–1938); M. 1956: 1824:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Colombo 1387:Festival de Télévision de Monte-Carlo 1134:Centro Intercultural de Documentación 580:One of the Belgian pioneers was Abbé 191:Roman Catholic lay ecclesial movement 37:International Non-Profit Organisation 7114:Franciscan Brothers of the Eucharist 5722:IX, Pope BI Pius (8 December 1864). 5408: 5394:Salesians of Don Bosco International 5365:Fraternités Monastiques de Jérusalem 4991:The members in North America are: 4463:Katholieke Televisie en Radio Omroep 4415:SIGNIS in Europe and the Middle East 3676:) in 1943, refused to make colonial 3654:– the African film festival held in 3473:adding citations to reliable sources 3440: 3092:Brisbane International Film Festival 2886:law, has its General Secretariat in 2852:adding citations to reliable sources 2823: 2771:(o.p., Switzerland, 1980–1990); Fr. 2525:adding citations to reliable sources 2496: 2296:, and a year later, the Belgian Fr. 365:adding citations to reliable sources 336: 298:SIGNIS has consultative status with 201:, radio, television, cinema, video, 7186:Arts organisations based in Belgium 7041:World Movement of Christian Workers 5556: 5517: 5100:The members of the Pacific are: 5063:SIGNIS Catholic Communicators Forum 4916:Asociación Peruana de Comunicadores 4862:Asociación Católica de Comunicación 4183:The members of SIGNIS in Asia are: 3764:International Catholic Child Bureau 3419: 3377:SIGNIS supports the development of 1560:General Assemblies of BCIR and Unda 1153:with Interfilm – the international 739:, put forward at the audience with 700:The Gospel According to St. Matthew 573:became more and more popular every 13: 7078:Association of Vatican Lay Workers 7071:Apostolate for Family Consecration 6437: 5921:, Cambridge University Press, 2013 5721: 5077:Department of Communications - CCC 3741:. After the war, the festivals of 2902: 2820:Structure and activities of SIGNIS 2371:was also alert to this evolution. 1506:The 1934 publication of the first 1269:Catholics and radio and television 1151:Berlin International Film Festival 809:(Announcing the Good News), 1975. 711:Berlin International Film Festival 14: 7207: 6780: 6523:, p.132-139; Peter Malone (ed.), 6322:"Catholic Media Council – CAMECO" 5882:nr 2, Brussels/Quebec, June 2017. 5481:Kinema siete, Asociación Cultural 5180:Kaselehlie Television Productions 4794:Asociação Católica de Comunicação 4497:Fédération des Médias Catholiques 4227:CPA, Casa de Produção Audiovisual 4178: 3372: 2808:Peter Rachada Monthienvichienchai 2648:(The Netherlands, 1942–1950); M. 2644:(The Netherlands, 1938–1942); M. 1318:) in the Netherlands, as did the 115:Peter Rachada Monthienvichienchai 7153: 7050: 7017:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul 6551:.Brussels/Chang Mai: SIGNIS,2009 6350:nr 2, Brussels/Quebec, June 2017 6045:Handbook of Dutch Church History 5981:, nr. 5 (Bologna 1992), p. 81-94 5413:The members "Associates" are: 4171:Social Communications Commission 4142:Social Communications Department 3980:Social Communications Department 3901:Democratic Republic of the Congo 3666:, a Canadian known for his film 3445: 3117:Directorate of Religious Affairs 3084:Fajr International Film Festival 2908:TV, media education, radio, and 2828: 2501: 2358:was launched. Nine years later, 2105:: Rome: 13th UCIP World Congress 1964:Bulletin International de l'UICP 1544:International Catholic TV review 1403:International Catholic TV review 439:, the theology based on that of 341: 243:. Before the dissolution of the 241:Pontifical Council for the Laity 7129:Pope's Worldwide Prayer Network 6792:SIGNIS Latinamerican and Caribe 6704: 6691: 6665: 6656: 6630: 6605: 6592: 6567: 6554: 6541: 6531: 6515: 6502: 6493: 6480: 6471: 6458: 6449: 6425: 6416: 6407: 6378: 6353: 6340: 6313: 6304: 6291: 6265: 6252: 6239: 6226: 6213: 6204: 6191: 6178: 6165: 6140: 6123:"History of the Catholic Press" 6115: 6110:A History of American Magazines 6102: 6089: 6076: 6063: 6060:, No.1, p.29-30, Brussels 2003. 6050: 6037: 6024: 6011: 5998: 5971: 5960: 5946: 5933: 5924: 5911: 5898: 5885: 5872: 5859: 5846: 5833: 5820: 5779: 5754: 5741: 5715: 5706: 5387:Paulines Communications Network 5164:St. Paul's Communication Centre 4566:Centre Catholique d'Information 4203:Christian Communications Centre 4005:Social Communication Department 3154:Monte-Carlo Television Festival 2839:needs additional citations for 2806:(USA/Argentina, 2015–2022); M. 2714:(OFM Cap. USA, 1980–1987); Mr. 2710:(OFM, Scotland, 1968–1980); P. 2512:needs additional citations for 2318:Catholics and the digital world 2049:: Rome: 7th UICP World Congress 2013:: Rome: 3rd UICP World Congress 1853:(MCL), published in Singapore. 1800:launched in Britain in 1840 by 352:needs additional citations for 291:. A representative of this new 62:90 countries in 6 World Regions 7007:Schoenstatt Apostolic Movement 6710:O'Connor, Jane. Mercer, John. 5697: 5688: 5660: 5630: 5604: 5578: 5547: 5288:Diocèse de Wallis & Futuna 5152:Office of Social Communication 4967:Trinity Communications Network 4541:Catholic Communications Office 4215:Catholic Social Communications 3604:SIGNIS' periodicals since 2002 3130: 2794:(Switzerland, 2006–2007); Fr. 2716:Chainarong Monthienvichienchai 2706:(Switzerland, 1962–1968); Fr. 2660:(Switzerland, 1954–1971); Fr. 2571:(The Netherlands; 1935–1940); 1502:Unda's periodicals (1934–2001) 1128:: International study days at 943:General Secretariat – Location 857:Revista Internacional del Cine 847:Revue Internationale du Cinéma 813:OCIC's periodicals (1937–2001) 655:which had been founded by the 565:found also inspiration in the 527:William Kennedy-Laurie Dickson 293:Secretariat for Communications 1: 6955:International Kolping Society 6853:Catholic Integrated Community 5510: 5350:Centro Orientamento Educativo 4953:Antilles Episcopal Conference 4679:Slovenian Bishops' Conference 3948:National Catholic Secretariat 3894:Commission Episcopale des MCS 3806:, Venice, etc. All issues of 2668:(SJ, Canada, 1974–1981); Fr. 2271:Catholics and media education 1377:) in the world, organised in 1322:(Vara) and a year later, the 775:issued the Encyclical letter 7109:Franciscan Brothers of Peace 7089:Catholic Charismatic Renewal 7035:Union of Catholic Apostolate 5566:. Libreria Editrice Vaticana 5505:Catholic television networks 5500:Catholic television channels 5317:Asian Communications Network 5300:SIGNIS International Members 5212:Diocesan Publications Office 4018:Commission Nationale des MCS 2934:The secret of the young girl 2798:(Mozambique, 2007–2008); M. 2759:(Germany, 1928–1933); Canon 2420:in his message for the 48th 1804:, a convert to Catholicism, 7: 7094:Catholic Christian Outreach 6888:Community of the Beatitudes 6320:Unternehmensberatung, MDG. 5488: 5372:Maryknoll World Productions 4846:SIGNIS-República Dominicana 3644:International Cinema Review 3156:, the Prix Italia, and the 3010:. SIGNIS has continued the 2942:Milan African Film Festival 2718:(Thailand, 1987–1994); Sr. 1902:declared in his encyclical 1843:The Catholic Times of Korea 1411:European Broadcasting Union 304:Economic and Social Council 213:. At its World Congress in 10: 7212: 7134:Queen of Angels Foundation 6361:"SIGNIS - Media Education" 6112:, p. 76-77, Cambridge 1970 6095:"50 years of Eurovision". 6019:Radio Digest – Illustrated 5672:Libreria Editrice Vaticana 5264:Toutaimana Catholic Centre 4732:Katholisches Medienzentrum 4509:Deutsche Bischofskonferenz 3834: 2672:(Ireland, 1981–1994); Fr. 2599:Count Giuseppe Dalla Torre 2583:(Switzerland, 1984–1993); 2312:Educommunication Nouvelles 2288:was one of those who with 2155:: 18th UCIP World Congress 2145:: 17th UCIP World Congress 2125:: 15th UCIP World Congress 2115:: 14th UCIP World Congress 2099:: 12th UCIP World Congress 2089:: 11th UCIP World Congress 2079:: 10th UCIP World Congress 1985:General Assemblies of UCIP 1778:Charleston, South Carolina 1421:Christian Television Weeks 684:of the enforcement of the 561:Early film producers like 332: 317: 7148: 7059: 7048: 6834: 6236:, Paris, 11 December 1937 6175:, Paris, 17 December 1927 5869:, Vol. 29 (1), mars 2009. 5026:Communications et Société 4878:Communications Commission 4683:Commission for mass media 4047:Comisión Episcopal de MCS 3931:Gambia Pastoral Institute 2790:(Belgium, 2001–2005); M. 2767:(Canada, 1972–1980); Fr. 2745:(Belgium, 1947–1978); M. 2636:(Germany, 1928–1935); P. 2307:Educommunication Magazine 2069:: 9th UCIP World Congress 2059:: 8th UICP World Congress 2043:: 6th UICP World Congress 2033:: 5th UICP World Congress 1934:World Trade Center towers 1783:Le Propagateur Catholique 841:International Film Review 523:Auguste and Louis Lumière 455:encouraged the growth of 273:Vatican Television Center 193:for professionals in the 170: 160: 147: 134: 121: 108: 88: 69: 55: 41: 33: 23: 7099:Catholic Worker Movement 6883:Community of Sant'Egidio 6877:Communion and Liberation 6865:Christian Life Community 6413:from the Maredsous abbey 6073:, No.2-3, Brussels 2003. 6032:Radio Digest Illustrated 5895:. Brussels: SIGNIS,2003. 5751:, Vol.8/2, Louvain, 2001 5728:www.papalencyclicals.net 5614:. SIGNIS. Archived from 5588:. SIGNIS. Archived from 5379:Kuangchi Program Service 5203:Northern Mariana Islands 5196:Médias et communications 4096:Diocèse de Port-Victoria 3694:Alexander Van den Heuvel 3674:À la croisée des chemins 3411:The Media Education Desk 2688:Lambert Henricus Perquin 2680:(SJ, Canada, 1998–2001) 2676:(India, 1994–1998); Fr. 2573:Jean-Pierre Dubois‐Dumée 2384:Ethics in Communications 1970:Journalistes Catholiques 1838:O Centro de Boa Imprensa 1292:East St. Louis, Illinois 824:had also a German title 289:Vatican Publishing House 265:Vatican Internet Service 162:Ecclesiastical Assistant 6893:Cooperators of Opus Dei 6871:Christian Life Movement 6713:Childhood and Celebrity 6600:The Emergence of SIGNIS 6562:The Emergence of SIGNIS 6525:The Emergence of SIGNIS 6510:The Emergence of SIGNIS 6488:The Emergence of SIGNIS 6386:The Emergence of SIGNIS 5854:The Emergence of SIGNIS 5457:Religion Today Festival 5292:Média et communications 5208:Diocese of Chalan Kanoa 4987:SIGNIS in North America 4155:Catholic Media Services 3121:Government of Catalonia 2802:(Kenya, 2008–2015). M. 2722:(MHSH, USA, 1994–2001) 2698:(Italy, 1946–1948); P. 2422:World Communication Day 2322:From the 1970s on, the 1773:The Catholic Miscellany 1766:Catholics and the press 1397:o.f.m, working for the 868:and then by the Jesuit 803:(His Church), 1964, to 571:Passion of Jesus Christ 7160:Catholicism portal 6979:Lay Claretian Movement 6701:, nr 3. Brussels, 2001 6431:Derrick de Kerckhove, 6404:, nr 4. Brussels, 2005 6262:, Paris, Avril 13,2011 6201:, Paris, août 30, 1925 6086:, No.4, Brussels 2003. 6047:, p.536, Utrecht 2010. 5839:Kevin Francis Kersten, 5674:. 2007. p. 1277. 3770:(Spain), known as the 2749:(Belgium, 1979–2002). 2700:Johannes Benedict Kors 2621:(Malaysia, 1998–2011) 2617:(Germany, 1992–1998); 2613:(Austria, 1980–1986); 2609:(Belgium, 1972–1980); 2597:(Belgium, 1927–1934); 2408: 2245:Catholic Media Council 2229:information technology 1938:University of Fribourg 1850:Malaya Catholic Leader 1294:. That same year, the 1138:Second Vatican Council 844:(English Edition) and 821:Informations de l'OCIC 794:Communio et Progressio 783:Second Vatican Council 558: 542:priest, known as Abbé 518: 326: 7139:Saint Paul's Outreach 6925:Heralds of the Gospel 6859:Chemin Neuf Community 6613:"SIGNIS – Journalism" 6468:nr 1, Brussels, 2018. 6301:, No.5, Brussels 2003 6249:, Paris, 12 June 2007 6223:, Paris, 10 July 1936 6188:, Paris, 15 July 1930 6152:www.catholicpress.org 5830:. Québec: Fides, 1998 5586:"Board of Management" 5252:Studio Tepano Jaussen 5096:SIGNIS in the Pacific 5049:Catholic News Service 4936:Diocese of Paramaribo 4738:Switzerland (ITALIAN) 3888:Republic of the Congo 3817:was presented at the 3646:. The first issue of 3401:freedom of expression 2664:(UK, 1971–1974); Fr. 2585:Joseph Chittilappilly 2575:(France, 1950–1955); 2567:(France, 1927–1940); 2403: 2378:Ethics in Advertising 2201:: UCIP World Congress 1586:: Together with OCIC. 1536:published in 1948 in 556: 533:cinematographed Pope 516: 321: 261:Holy See Press Office 7029:Teresian Association 5852:Peter Malone (ed.), 5749:Ethical Perspectives 5192:Archevêché de Nouméa 5148:Archdiocese of Agaña 5083:United States/Canada 4728:Switzerland (GERMAN) 4100:Service Audio-visuel 4071:Association RE.AU.VI 3728:The second issue of 3469:improve this section 3388:SIGNIS Services Rome 2848:improve this article 2605:(Italy, 1960–1972); 2601:(Italy, 1936–1960); 2521:improve this article 2446:Derrick de Kerckhove 2135:: 16th UCIP Congress 1872:L'Osservatore Romano 1819:Gnanartha Pradeepaya 891:Informations of OCIC 677:Venice Film Festival 509:Catholics and cinema 361:improve this article 141:María José Centurión 7083:Brotherhood of Hope 6996:Militia Immaculatae 6990:Light-Life Movement 6043:Herman Selderhuis, 6021:, 29 December 1923. 5917:David J. Shepherd, 5766:search.worldcat.org 5668:Annuario Pontificio 5495:Catholic television 5401:SAT-7 International 5276:Katolik Media Senta 4959:Trinidad and Tobago 4947:Trinidad and Tobago 4890:SIGNIS de México AC 3813:The third issue of 3732:, presented at the 3664:Jean-Marie Poitevin 3662:. His director Fr. 3531:Peace through Media 3394:The Journalism Desk 3052:Mannheim-Heidelberg 2810:(Thailand, 2022– ) 2769:Ambros Eichenberger 2743:Yvonne de Hemptinne 2720:Angela Ann Zukowski 2587:(India, 1993–2011) 2362:entered the world. 1922:UNESCO Headquarters 1132:'s center – CIDOC ( 806:Evangelii nuntiandi 713:1969 award went to 695:Pier Paolo Pasolini 686:Motion Picture Code 679:. The OCIC jury at 239:, published by the 195:communication media 90:Official languages 81:5 associate members 20: 7061:Other associations 6910:Emmanuel Community 6898:Couples for Christ 6679:. 29 November 2017 6108:Frank Luther Mott, 5357:CREC International 4940:Media Coordination 4874:Diocese of Grenada 4841:Dominican Republic 4347:SIGNIS Philippines 4084:Commission des MCS 3796:Schlingel-Chemnitz 3754:O.P., worked with 3734:Zlín Film Festival 3614:and has a website 2692:Bernhard Marschall 2654:Bonaventura Jansen 2642:Paul Andrien Speet 2634:Bernhard Marschall 2413:Ethics in Internet 2399:Ethics in Internet 2390:Ethics in Internet 2231:and the growth of 1957:UCIP's periodicals 1552:Unda-Documentation 1522:Paul Andrien Speet 1383:Prince Rainier III 1339:Bernhard Marschall 1288:Yakima, Washington 879:Gilbert Cohen-Séat 657:US Catholic Church 559: 519: 285:Photograph Service 281:Vatican Press (it) 277:Osservatore Romano 18: 7173: 7172: 7023:Teams of Our Lady 6920:Focolare Movement 6602:, Brussels, 2009. 6564:, Brussels, 2009. 6512:, Brussels, 2009. 6490:, Brussels, 2009. 6388:, Brussels, 2009. 6326:www.mdg-online.de 6277:www.ncronline.org 6127:clarionherald.org 6034:, 31 January 1931 5891:Molhant, Robert. 5856:, Brussels, 2009. 5826:Bonneville, Léo. 5681:978-88-209-7908-9 5648:on 12 August 2006 5592:on 12 August 2006 5486: 5485: 5409:SIGNIS Associates 5406: 5405: 5297: 5296: 5283:Wallis and Futuna 5093: 5092: 4984: 4983: 4920:Luciano Metzinger 4747: 4746: 4666:LUX Communication 4590:RTK Radio Limited 4458:Belgium (Flemish) 4412: 4411: 4176: 4175: 3827:Film Festival in 3739:League of Nations 3669:At the Crossroads 3505: 3504: 3497: 2880: 2879: 2872: 2650:François Van Hoek 2553: 2552: 2545: 2429:Ferdinand Poswick 2395:Pope John Paul II 2352:social networking 1276:Guglielmo Marconi 900:Council of Europe 755:The Da Vinci Code 748:marketplace, the 653:Legion of Decency 593:League of Nations 445:freedom of speech 393: 392: 385: 312:Council of Europe 180: 179: 110:Secretary General 7203: 7158: 7157: 7054: 6821: 6814: 6807: 6798: 6797: 6787:Official website 6774: 6768: 6747: 6746: 6745: 6743: 6734:, archived from 6726: 6720: 6708: 6702: 6695: 6689: 6688: 6686: 6684: 6669: 6663: 6660: 6654: 6653: 6651: 6649: 6634: 6628: 6627: 6625: 6623: 6609: 6603: 6596: 6590: 6589: 6587: 6585: 6571: 6565: 6558: 6552: 6545: 6539: 6535: 6529: 6527:, Brussels, 2009 6519: 6513: 6506: 6500: 6497: 6491: 6484: 6478: 6475: 6469: 6462: 6456: 6453: 6447: 6444: 6435: 6429: 6423: 6420: 6414: 6411: 6405: 6398: 6389: 6382: 6376: 6375: 6373: 6371: 6357: 6351: 6344: 6338: 6337: 6335: 6333: 6317: 6311: 6308: 6302: 6295: 6289: 6288: 6286: 6284: 6269: 6263: 6256: 6250: 6243: 6237: 6230: 6224: 6217: 6211: 6208: 6202: 6195: 6189: 6182: 6176: 6169: 6163: 6162: 6160: 6158: 6144: 6138: 6137: 6135: 6133: 6119: 6113: 6106: 6100: 6093: 6087: 6080: 6074: 6067: 6061: 6054: 6048: 6041: 6035: 6028: 6022: 6015: 6009: 6002: 5996: 5993: 5982: 5975: 5969: 5964: 5958: 5950: 5944: 5937: 5931: 5928: 5922: 5915: 5909: 5902: 5896: 5889: 5883: 5876: 5870: 5863: 5857: 5850: 5844: 5837: 5831: 5824: 5818: 5811: 5802: 5801: 5799: 5797: 5783: 5777: 5776: 5774: 5772: 5758: 5752: 5745: 5739: 5738: 5736: 5734: 5719: 5713: 5710: 5704: 5701: 5695: 5692: 5686: 5685: 5664: 5658: 5657: 5655: 5653: 5644:. 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All issues of 3500: 3493: 3489: 3486: 3480: 3449: 3441: 3420:The Digital Desk 3330:Saint Petersburg 3231:(Czech Republic) 3158:Plural+ Festival 3016:Locarno Festival 2920:To Live in Peace 2875: 2868: 2864: 2861: 2855: 2832: 2824: 2712:Anthony Scannell 2658:Joseph Schneuwly 2619:Theresa Ee Chooi 2603:Raimondo Manzini 2548: 2541: 2537: 2534: 2528: 2505: 2497: 2483:Walter Ihejirika 2143:Campos do Jordão 1888:Second World War 1415:Pentecost Sunday 1395:Angnellus Andrew 1308:Joseph MacSorley 883:OCIC Information 852:André Ruszkowski 715:John Schlesinger 703:, for his film, 661:Second World War 610:Gabriela Mistral 413:, did not trust 407:Pope Gregory XVI 388: 381: 377: 374: 368: 345: 337: 185:(official name: 175:www.signis.world 21: 17: 7211: 7210: 7206: 7205: 7204: 7202: 7201: 7200: 7176: 7175: 7174: 7169: 7152: 7144: 7063:of the faithful 7062: 7055: 7046: 6840:of the faithful 6839: 6837: 6830: 6825: 6783: 6778: 6777: 6769: 6750: 6741: 6739: 6728: 6727: 6723: 6709: 6705: 6696: 6692: 6682: 6680: 6671: 6670: 6666: 6661: 6657: 6647: 6645: 6644:. 20 March 2017 6636: 6635: 6631: 6621: 6619: 6611: 6610: 6606: 6597: 6593: 6583: 6581: 6573: 6572: 6568: 6559: 6555: 6546: 6542: 6536: 6532: 6520: 6516: 6507: 6503: 6498: 6494: 6485: 6481: 6476: 6472: 6463: 6459: 6454: 6450: 6445: 6438: 6430: 6426: 6421: 6417: 6412: 6408: 6399: 6392: 6383: 6379: 6369: 6367: 6359: 6358: 6354: 6345: 6341: 6331: 6329: 6318: 6314: 6309: 6305: 6296: 6292: 6282: 6280: 6279:. 20 April 2011 6271: 6270: 6266: 6257: 6253: 6244: 6240: 6231: 6227: 6218: 6214: 6209: 6205: 6196: 6192: 6183: 6179: 6170: 6166: 6156: 6154: 6146: 6145: 6141: 6131: 6129: 6121: 6120: 6116: 6107: 6103: 6094: 6090: 6081: 6077: 6068: 6064: 6055: 6051: 6042: 6038: 6029: 6025: 6016: 6012: 6003: 5999: 5994: 5985: 5976: 5972: 5965: 5961: 5951: 5947: 5938: 5934: 5929: 5925: 5916: 5912: 5903: 5899: 5890: 5886: 5877: 5873: 5864: 5860: 5851: 5847: 5838: 5834: 5825: 5821: 5812: 5805: 5795: 5793: 5785: 5784: 5780: 5770: 5768: 5760: 5759: 5755: 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1562: 1504: 1423: 1331:Konrad Adenauer 1312:Lambert Perquin 1304:Current Affairs 1296:Paulist Fathers 1271: 961: 945: 815: 778:Miranda prorsus 728:Midnight Cowboy 642:media education 606:Albert Einstein 511: 457:Catholic Action 397:Catholic Church 389: 378: 372: 369: 358: 346: 335: 320: 203:media education 163: 150: 137: 124: 111: 91: 84: 72: 65: 12: 11: 5: 7209: 7199: 7198: 7193: 7188: 7171: 7170: 7168: 7167: 7162: 7149: 7146: 7145: 7143: 7142: 7136: 7131: 7126: 7124:NET Ministries 7121: 7116: 7111: 7106: 7101: 7096: 7091: 7086: 7080: 7075: 7073: 7067: 7065: 7057: 7056: 7049: 7047: 7045: 7044: 7038: 7032: 7026: 7020: 7014: 7009: 7004: 7002:Regnum Christi 6999: 6993: 6987: 6985:Legion of Mary 6982: 6976: 6970: 6964: 6958: 6952: 6946: 6940: 6934: 6928: 6922: 6917: 6912: 6907: 6901: 6895: 6890: 6885: 6880: 6874: 6868: 6862: 6856: 6850: 6844: 6842: 6832: 6831: 6824: 6823: 6816: 6809: 6801: 6795: 6794: 6789: 6782: 6781:External links 6779: 6776: 6775: 6748: 6738:on 8 June 2020 6721: 6703: 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3464: 3463: 3459: 3454:This section 3452: 3448: 3443: 3442: 3434: 3432: 3427: 3417: 3408: 3406: 3402: 3391: 3389: 3385: 3380: 3367: 3364: 3361: 3357: 3354: 3351: 3347: 3344: 3341: 3337: 3334: 3331: 3327: 3324: 3321: 3317: 3314: 3311: 3307: 3304: 3302: 3298: 3295: 3292: 3288: 3285: 3282: 3278: 3275: 3272: 3268: 3264: 3261: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3243: 3240: 3236: 3233: 3230: 3226: 3223: 3220: 3216: 3213: 3210: 3206: 3203: 3202: 3201: 3199: 3195: 3184: 3182: 3178: 3174: 3170: 3165: 3163: 3159: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3128: 3126: 3122: 3118: 3114: 3109: 3105: 3101: 3097: 3094:(2003–2009), 3093: 3089: 3085: 3081: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3041: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3001: 3000: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2986:Santo Domingo 2983: 2979: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2959: 2955: 2954:Mar del Plata 2951: 2950:San Sebastían 2947: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2931: 2930: 2929:Asrar al Bana 2925: 2921: 2917: 2916: 2911: 2900: 2896: 2894: 2889: 2885: 2874: 2871: 2863: 2853: 2849: 2843: 2842: 2837:This section 2835: 2831: 2826: 2825: 2817: 2815: 2811: 2809: 2805: 2804:Ricardo Yañez 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2776: 2774: 2773:Henk Hoekstra 2770: 2766: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2739:Felix Morlion 2736: 2732: 2723: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2696:F. Prosperini 2693: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2679: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2647: 2643: 2639: 2635: 2631: 2622: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2611:Hanns Sassman 2608: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2595:René Delforge 2592: 2588: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2570: 2566: 2562: 2547: 2544: 2536: 2526: 2522: 2516: 2515: 2510:This section 2508: 2504: 2499: 2498: 2490: 2488: 2484: 2480: 2475: 2471: 2466: 2462: 2461: 2456: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2434: 2430: 2425: 2423: 2419: 2415: 2414: 2407: 2402: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2391: 2386: 2385: 2380: 2379: 2374: 2370: 2365: 2361: 2357: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2333: 2329: 2328:home computer 2325: 2315: 2313: 2309: 2308: 2303: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2268: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2240: 2238: 2234: 2233:digital media 2230: 2225: 2221: 2217: 2213: 2200: 2196: 2193: 2190: 2186: 2183: 2180: 2176: 2173: 2170: 2166: 2163: 2160: 2157: 2154: 2150: 2147: 2144: 2140: 2137: 2134: 2130: 2127: 2124: 2120: 2117: 2114: 2110: 2107: 2104: 2101: 2098: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2084: 2081: 2078: 2074: 2071: 2068: 2064: 2061: 2058: 2057:New York City 2054: 2051: 2048: 2045: 2042: 2038: 2035: 2032: 2028: 2025: 2022: 2018: 2015: 2012: 2009: 2006: 2002: 1999: 1996: 1992: 1989: 1988: 1982: 1981:(1908–1968). 1980: 1976: 1975:Assumptionist 1972: 1971: 1966: 1965: 1954: 1952: 1948: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1926: 1923: 1919: 1913: 1911: 1907: 1906: 1901: 1897: 1891: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1877: 1876:Felix Morlion 1873: 1869: 1864: 1863:fascist Italy 1860: 1854: 1852: 1851: 1845: 1844: 1839: 1835: 1834: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1820: 1815: 1814: 1809: 1808: 1803: 1799: 1798: 1793: 1792:lay Catholics 1789: 1785: 1784: 1779: 1775: 1774: 1760: 1756: 1753: 1750: 1747: 1744: 1741: 1738: 1734: 1731: 1728: 1724: 1721: 1718: 1714: 1711: 1708: 1704: 1701: 1698: 1695: 1692: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1679: 1676: 1673: 1670: 1667: 1663: 1660: 1657: 1653: 1650: 1648: 1644: 1641: 1639: 1635: 1632: 1629: 1625: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1614: 1610: 1607: 1604: 1600: 1597: 1595: 1591: 1588: 1585: 1581: 1578: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1564: 1563: 1554: 1553: 1548: 1545: 1542: 1540:, Switzerland 1539: 1535: 1534: 1533:Unda Bulletin 1530: 1528:(Netherlands) 1527: 1523: 1519: 1518:BCIR Bulletin 1516: 1515: 1514: 1511: 1510: 1509:BCIR Bulletin 1497: 1493: 1491: 1487: 1485: 1481: 1479: 1475: 1473: 1469: 1467: 1463: 1461: 1457: 1455: 1451: 1449: 1445: 1443: 1439: 1437: 1433: 1432: 1431: 1428: 1418: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1390: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1367: 1362: 1360: 1356: 1350: 1348: 1347:Vatican Radio 1344: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1327: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1280: 1277: 1263: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1251: 1247: 1244: 1241: 1237: 1234: 1231: 1227: 1224: 1221: 1217: 1214: 1211: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1198: 1195: 1191: 1188: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1175: 1172: 1169: 1166: 1162: 1159: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1120: 1117: 1113: 1110: 1107: 1103: 1100: 1097: 1094: 1091: 1087: 1084: 1081: 1077: 1074: 1071: 1067: 1064: 1061: 1057: 1054: 1051: 1047: 1044: 1041: 1037: 1034: 1031: 1027: 1024: 1021: 1017: 1014: 1012: 1008: 1005: 1002: 1001: 996: 992: 989: 986: 982: 979: 976: 972: 969: 966: 963: 962: 956: 954: 950: 940: 938: 933: 932: 926: 925: 919: 917: 913: 909: 905: 901: 897: 893: 892: 886: 884: 880: 876: 873:dedicated to 871: 867: 863: 859: 858: 853: 849: 848: 843: 842: 838:In 1949, the 836: 833: 832:Felix Morlion 829: 828: 823: 822: 810: 808: 807: 802: 801: 796: 795: 790: 789: 784: 780: 779: 774: 770: 765: 763: 762: 757: 756: 751: 747: 742: 738: 732: 730: 729: 724: 720: 716: 712: 708: 707: 702: 701: 696: 692: 687: 682: 678: 674: 668: 664: 662: 658: 654: 650: 649: 643: 639: 635: 634:lay Catholics 629: 627: 623: 619: 615: 614:Henri Bergson 611: 607: 603: 599: 594: 591:In 1919, the 589: 587: 583: 578: 576: 572: 568: 564: 555: 551: 549: 548:magic lantern 545: 541: 536: 532: 528: 524: 515: 506: 504: 500: 496: 490: 488: 484: 480: 476: 471: 467: 465: 460: 458: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 433:Pope Leo XIII 430: 426: 422: 421: 416: 412: 408: 403: 402:popular media 398: 387: 384: 376: 366: 362: 356: 355: 350:This section 348: 344: 339: 338: 330: 325: 315: 313: 309: 305: 301: 296: 294: 290: 286: 282: 278: 274: 270: 269:Vatican Radio 266: 262: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 225: 222: 220: 216: 212: 208: 204: 200: 196: 192: 188: 184: 176: 173: 169: 165: 159: 155: 154:Paul Samasumo 152: 146: 142: 139: 133: 129: 126: 120: 116: 113: 107: 104: 100: 96: 93: 87: 80: 77: 76: 74: 68: 61: 60: 58: 54: 51: 47: 44: 40: 36: 32: 29: 26: 22: 16: 7011: 6838:associations 6740:, retrieved 6736:the original 6730: 6724: 6718:Google Books 6711: 6706: 6699:SIGNIS MEDIA 6698: 6693: 6681:. Retrieved 6676: 6667: 6658: 6646:. Retrieved 6641: 6632: 6620:. Retrieved 6616: 6607: 6599: 6594: 6582:. Retrieved 6578: 6569: 6561: 6556: 6548: 6543: 6533: 6526: 6522: 6517: 6509: 6504: 6495: 6487: 6482: 6473: 6466:SIGNIS Media 6465: 6460: 6451: 6432: 6427: 6418: 6409: 6402:SIGNIS Media 6401: 6385: 6380: 6368:. Retrieved 6364: 6355: 6348:SIGNIS Media 6347: 6342: 6330:. Retrieved 6325: 6315: 6306: 6299:SIGNIS Media 6298: 6293: 6281:. Retrieved 6276: 6267: 6259: 6254: 6246: 6241: 6233: 6228: 6220: 6215: 6206: 6198: 6193: 6185: 6180: 6172: 6167: 6155:. Retrieved 6151: 6142: 6130:. Retrieved 6126: 6117: 6109: 6104: 6096: 6091: 6084:SIGNIS Media 6083: 6078: 6071:SIGNIS Media 6070: 6065: 6058:SIGNIS Media 6057: 6052: 6044: 6039: 6031: 6026: 6018: 6013: 6005: 6000: 5978: 5973: 5962: 5954: 5948: 5940: 5935: 5926: 5918: 5913: 5906:Swiss review 5905: 5900: 5892: 5887: 5880:SIGNIS Media 5879: 5874: 5866: 5861: 5853: 5848: 5840: 5835: 5827: 5822: 5814: 5794:. 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Retrieved 5533: 5412: 5303: 5099: 4990: 4753: 4594:Media Centre 4418: 4287:SIGNIS Korea 4275:SIGNIS JAPAN 4251:SIGNIS India 4182: 4107:South Africa 3872:Burkina Faso 3843: 3822: 3814: 3812: 3807: 3804:Buenos Aires 3729: 3727: 3712: 3708:Victor Bachy 3701: 3673: 3667: 3647: 3643: 3635: 3631:SIGNIS MEDIA 3629: 3623: 3620:SIGNIS MEDIA 3619: 3611:SIGNIS MEDIA 3609: 3607: 3592: 3570: 3564: 3560: 3550: 3544: 3536: 3530: 3522: 3512: 3506: 3491: 3482: 3467:Please help 3455: 3423: 3414: 3405:Kuala Lumpur 3397: 3384:subsidiarity 3376: 3365: 3355: 3345: 3335: 3325: 3315: 3305: 3296: 3286: 3281:Buenos Aires 3276: 3262: 3244: 3234: 3224: 3214: 3204: 3190: 3173:South Africa 3166: 3134: 3064:Karlovy Vary 2997: 2958:Buenos Aires 2933: 2927: 2919: 2913: 2906: 2897: 2893:Oscar Romero 2881: 2866: 2857: 2846:Please help 2841:verification 2838: 2813: 2812: 2783: 2782: 2757:George Ernst 2752: 2751: 2730: 2729: 2704:Jacques Haas 2683: 2682: 2629: 2628: 2615:Günther Mees 2607:Louis Meerts 2590: 2589: 2560: 2559: 2539: 2530: 2519:Please help 2514:verification 2511: 2460:SIGNIS Media 2458: 2426: 2418:Pope Francis 2411: 2409: 2404: 2398: 2388: 2387:(2000), and 2382: 2376: 2364:Social media 2332:mass culture 2321: 2311: 2305: 2282:Jean Bernard 2274: 2253:Louis Meerts 2241: 2209: 2194: 2184: 2174: 2164: 2158: 2148: 2138: 2128: 2118: 2108: 2102: 2092: 2087:Buenos Aires 2082: 2072: 2062: 2052: 2046: 2036: 2026: 2016: 2010: 2000: 1990: 1968: 1962: 1960: 1927: 1914: 1909: 1903: 1892: 1855: 1848: 1841: 1831: 1817: 1811: 1807:The Universe 1805: 1795: 1781: 1776:launched in 1771: 1769: 1754: 1748: 1742: 1732: 1722: 1712: 1702: 1696: 1686: 1677: 1671: 1661: 1651: 1642: 1633: 1623: 1617: 1608: 1598: 1589: 1579: 1565: 1550: 1543: 1531: 1517: 1507: 1505: 1424: 1402: 1391: 1366:World War II 1363: 1351: 1328: 1298:established 1284:Canton, Ohio 1281: 1272: 1261: 1255: 1245: 1235: 1225: 1215: 1205: 1199: 1189: 1184: 1176: 1170: 1160: 1142: 1121: 1111: 1101: 1095: 1085: 1075: 1065: 1055: 1045: 1035: 1025: 1015: 1010: 1006: 998: 990: 980: 970: 964: 946: 936: 929: 922: 920: 889: 887: 882: 855: 845: 839: 837: 825: 819: 816: 804: 798: 792: 786: 777: 768: 766: 759: 753: 741:John Paul II 737:Peter Malone 733: 726: 723:Best Picture 704: 698: 690: 669: 665: 645: 630: 590: 579: 563:Pathé Frères 560: 520: 491: 472: 468: 461: 453:Pope Pius XI 418: 411:Pope Pius IX 394: 379: 370: 359:Please help 354:verification 351: 327: 322: 297: 253:Pope Francis 226: 223: 218: 210: 206: 197:, including 186: 182: 181: 71:Membership 42:Headquarters 15: 6973:Jesus Youth 6969:(UIGSE-FSE) 6328:(in German) 6097:Ebu dossier 4924:Signis-Perú 4830:SIGNIS-Cuba 4716:Switzerland 4613:Netherlands 4342:Philippines 3955:Ivory Coast 3752:Leo Lunders 3723:colonialism 3721:denouncing 3656:Ouagadougou 3587:Rock Demers 3283:(Argentina) 3146:Prix Italia 3142:Monte Carlo 3131:The TV Desk 3076:Saarbrücken 3038:, Locarno, 2994:Ouagadougou 2924:Luigi Zampa 2792:Marc Aellen 2761:Abel Brohée 2670:Colm Murphy 2581:Bruno Holtz 2577:Emile Gabel 2569:Hein Houben 2470:Addis Ababa 2298:Léo Lunders 2199:Ouagadougou 1979:Emile Gabel 1918:Third World 1788:New Orleans 1682:New Orleans 1647:Monte Carlo 1442:Baden-Baden 1436:Monte Carlo 1379:Monte Carlo 1375:Prix Italia 1371:Third World 1130:Ivan Illich 912:Pax Christi 721:winner for 602:Marie Curie 586:Brabo-Films 582:Abel Brohée 544:Joseph Joye 489:into them. 449:publication 249:Roman Curia 128:Helen Osman 78:113 members 7180:Categories 5979:Cinegrafie 5622:9 December 5596:9 December 5570:9 December 5511:References 5433:Laudato TV 5171:Micronesia 4813:Costa Rica 4573:Luxembourg 4222:East Timor 4198:Bangladesh 4091:Seychelles 4041:Mozambique 3987:Madagascar 3926:The Gambia 3906:SIGNIS RDC 3788:Montevideo 3714:Sambizanga 3678:propaganda 3541:Chiang Mai 3310:Costa Rica 3301:Luxembourg 3291:Chiang Mai 3219:Strasbourg 3104:Bangladesh 3036:Oberhausen 3012:ecumenical 2978:Washington 2966:Montevideo 2286:Luxembourg 2220:Washington 2212:grassroots 2189:Sherbrooke 2133:Ruhpolding 2077:Luxembourg 1951:Sherbrooke 1797:The Tablet 1407:Eurovision 1194:Petrópolis 1155:Protestant 1126:Cuernavaca 931:CINE-MEDIA 906:, and the 761:Antichrist 429:liberalism 420:Mirari Vos 143:(Paraguay) 117:(Thailand) 6648:19 August 6370:24 August 6283:19 August 5796:19 August 5733:19 August 5612:"Members" 5539:19 August 5530:"Vatican" 5224:PNG SOCOM 5115:Australia 5008:(English) 4974:Venezuela 4769:Argentina 4448:(Flemish) 4366:Sri Lanka 4354:Singapore 4258:Indonesia 4234:Hong Kong 4025:Mauritius 3784:Divercine 3780:Plan DENI 3686:Jean Vast 3485:June 2021 3456:does not 3340:Aparecida 3267:Bucharest 3209:Cape Town 3198:Cape Town 3177:Cape Town 3150:Rose d'Or 3115:with the 3113:Barcelona 3098:(2005–), 3072:Schlingel 3020:Interfilm 3008:Hong Kong 2860:June 2021 2638:John Dito 2533:June 2021 2340:Photoshop 2302:Plan DENI 2123:New Delhi 2041:Santander 1942:terrorism 1868:Marseille 1830:launched 1620:: Cologne 1484:Hilversum 1472:Amsterdam 1466:Stockholm 1359:John Dito 1355:Amsterdam 1181:Deauville 1000:Anschluss 949:The Hague 937:OCIC info 924:OCIC-Info 875:filmology 750:Areopagus 495:KU Leuven 415:modernity 373:June 2021 123:President 24:Formation 6904:Cursillo 6260:La Croix 6247:La Croix 6221:La Croix 6199:La Croix 6186:La Croix 6173:La Croix 5638:"Signis" 5564:"SIGNIS" 5489:See also 5159:Kiribati 4931:Suriname 4918:- Mons. 4897:Paraguay 4718:(FRENCH) 4673:Slovenia 4661:Slovakia 4637:Portugal 4390:Thailand 4330:Pakistan 4306:Malaysia 4210:Cambodia 4162:Zimbabwe 3944:DEPSOCOM 3913:Ethiopia 3433:system. 3148:and the 3123:and the 3056:Montréal 3032:Fribourg 3004:Besançon 2990:Zanzibar 2974:Toulouse 2888:Brussels 2474:Ethiopia 2381:(1997), 2360:Facebook 2354:website 2348:Internet 2278:Internet 2237:Internet 2235:and the 2169:Fribourg 1995:Brussels 1884:Budapest 1833:La Croix 1674:: Munich 1656:Montréal 1603:Fribourg 1538:Fribourg 1496:Toulouse 1460:Montreux 1454:Brighton 1448:Salzburg 1106:Montréal 985:Brussels 773:Pius XII 673:Brussels 535:Leo XIII 229:Holy See 156:(Zambia) 56:Location 46:Brussels 6848:L'Arche 6742:25 June 6731:Mission 6683:27 July 6622:27 July 6584:27 July 6332:27 July 6157:27 July 6132:27 July 6099:2004/1. 5464:Liberia 5440:Ireland 5428:Croatia 5422:member 5419:Country 5310:member 5271:Vanuatu 5109:member 5106:Country 5000:member 4997:Country 4869:Grenada 4853:Ecuador 4763:member 4760:Country 4649:Romania 4560:Lebanon 4532:Ireland 4516:Hungary 4504:Germany 4446:Belgium 4434:Austria 4428:member 4425:Country 4402:Vietnam 4318:Myanmar 4192:member 4189:Country 4078:Senegal 4066:Réunion 4054:Nigeria 3960:CEMCSCI 3946:, NSC, 3853:member 3850:Country 3835:Members 3815:CineMag 3808:CineMag 3730:CineMag 3703:Mandabi 3682:Senegal 3652:FESPACO 3648:CineMag 3636:CineMag 3625:CineMag 3477:removed 3462:sources 3320:Nairobi 3257:Vatican 3119:of the 3060:Yerevan 3048:Leipzig 3044:Cottbus 2940:at the 2733:: Rev. 2632:: Mgr. 2487:Nigeria 2442:Cologne 2369:Vatican 2324:digital 2257:Pattaya 2216:Manilla 2179:Bangkok 1947:Vatican 1932:on the 1859:Pius XI 1737:Bangkok 1717:Nairobi 1707:Manilla 1570:Cologne 1306:". Fr. 1240:Bangkok 1220:Nairobi 1210:Manilla 1060:Cologne 706:Teorema 529:of the 437:Thomism 425:atheism 333:History 318:Mission 306:of the 189:) is a 171:Website 166:(Spain) 103:Spanish 95:English 50:Belgium 7043:(WMCW) 7031:(T.A.) 7019:(SSVP) 7012:SIGNIS 6998:(M.I.) 6963:(IKUE) 6951:(IFCU) 6945:(ICMC) 6939:(ICCS) 6933:(IACK) 6915:Fimcap 6906:(OMCC) 6677:SIGNIS 5678: 5652:22 May 5247:Tahiti 5006:Canada 4901:ACCP, 4885:Mexico 4785:Brazil 4625:Poland 4601:Monaco 4521:MAKÚSZ 4492:France 4485:TV Noe 4461:KTRO, 4378:Taiwan 4149:Zambia 4136:Uganda 3999:Malawi 3917:CBCE, 3859:Angola 3829:Trento 3800:Berlin 3776:UNICEF 3756:UNESCO 3747:Venice 3743:Cannes 3575:Quebec 3555:Beirut 3426:Quebec 3360:Dublin 3350:Taipei 3271:UNICEF 3249:Madrid 3229:Prague 3088:Muslim 3080:Warsaw 3078:, and 3028:Berlin 3024:Cannes 3006:, and 2982:Tehran 2962:Havana 2946:Venice 2755:: Dr. 2465:Quebec 2438:e-mail 2290:UNESCO 2261:Quebec 2249:Aachen 2113:Dublin 2097:Vienna 2067:Berlin 2031:Vienna 1930:attack 1896:Vienna 1691:Dublin 1638:Geneva 1628:Vienna 1613:Madrid 1594:Prague 1584:Munich 1494:1998: 1490:Buxton 1488:1995: 1482:1989: 1478:Dublin 1476:1983: 1470:1981: 1464:1979: 1458:1977: 1452:1975: 1446:1973: 1440:1971: 1434:1969: 1364:After 1290:, and 1250:Prague 1165:Beirut 1147:Berlin 1116:Venice 1080:Havana 1070:Dublin 1040:Madrid 1030:Luzern 995:Vienna 975:Munich 953:Leuven 904:ECOSOC 896:UNESCO 746:Athens 681:Cannes 612:, and 540:Jesuit 499:Quebec 487:Gospel 479:cinema 302:, the 300:UNESCO 287:, and 215:Quebec 183:SIGNIS 99:French 19:SIGNIS 7165:Index 7141:(SPO) 7037:(UAC) 7025:(END) 6992:(RŚŻ) 6981:(MSC) 6957:(IKS) 6900:(CFC) 6873:(CLM) 6867:(CVX) 6861:(CCN) 6855:(KIG) 5476:Spain 5452:Italy 5385:PCN, 5363:FMJ, 5348:COE, 5315:ACN, 5259:Tonga 5120:ACOFB 5086:CPA, 5073:USCCB 5047:CNS, 5012:ARCCC 4951:AEC, 4914:APC, 4801:Chile 4705:UCIPE 4701:Spain 4690:Spain 4677:SBC, 4585:Malta 4564:CCI, 4548:Italy 4294:Macau 4282:Korea 4270:Japan 4246:India 4153:ZEC, 4140:UEC, 4127:CET, 4112:SACBC 4082:CES, 4045:CEM, 4030:CAPAV 4016:CEM, 4003:ECM, 3971:Kenya 3942:GEC, 3938:Ghana 3892:CCC, 3877:CEBEN 3863:CEA, 3768:Gijón 3692:(Fr. 3690:Congo 3684:(Fr. 3597:Seoul 3100:Dhaka 2970:Milan 2936:) by 2922:) by 2884:Swiss 2786:: M. 2686:: P. 2485:from 2433:Bible 2294:CIFEJ 2284:from 2224:Quito 2021:Paris 1880:Breda 1727:Quito 1230:Quito 1090:Paris 1050:Malta 862:Trier 719:Oscar 567:Bible 199:press 130:(USA) 7085:(BH) 6975:(JY) 6927:(EP) 6879:(CL) 6744:2020 6685:2018 6650:2022 6624:2018 6586:2018 6372:2020 6334:2018 6285:2022 6159:2018 6134:2018 5798:2022 5773:2024 5735:2022 5676:ISBN 5654:2022 5624:2008 5598:2008 5572:2008 5541:2022 5324:ALER 5176:KTVP 5143:Guam 5131:Fiji 5059:SCCF 4910:Peru 4825:Cuba 4537:ICBC 4167:ZCBC 4123:Togo 4012:Mali 3976:KCCB 3819:Baku 3745:and 3593:2022 3585:and 3571:2017 3561:2014 3551:2013 3537:2009 3527:Lyon 3523:2005 3517:Rome 3513:2001 3460:any 3458:cite 3431:VSAT 3366:2020 3356:2018 3346:2016 3336:2015 3326:2014 3316:2013 3306:2011 3297:2010 3287:2009 3277:2008 3263:2007 3245:2006 3239:Lyon 3235:2005 3225:2005 3215:2004 3205:2003 3181:Lyon 3171:and 3169:East 3162:WACC 3096:Nyon 3068:Zlín 3040:Kiev 2195:2010 2185:2007 2175:2004 2165:2001 2159:1998 2153:Graz 2149:1995 2139:1992 2129:1989 2119:1986 2109:1983 2103:1980 2093:1977 2083:1974 2073:1971 2063:1968 2053:1965 2047:1963 2037:1960 2027:1957 2017:1954 2011:1950 2005:Rome 2001:1936 1991:1930 1977:Fr. 1759:Rome 1755:2001 1749:1998 1743:1994 1733:1990 1723:1987 1713:1983 1703:1980 1697:1977 1687:1974 1678:1971 1672:1968 1666:Rome 1662:1965 1652:1962 1643:1960 1634:1957 1624:1955 1618:1953 1609:1951 1599:1947 1590:1936 1580:1929 1574:BCIR 1566:1928 1427:WACC 1300:WLWL 1262:2001 1256:1998 1246:1994 1236:1990 1226:1987 1216:1983 1206:1980 1200:1977 1190:1975 1177:1972 1171:1971 1161:1968 1143:1967 1122:1966 1112:1964 1102:1962 1096:1960 1086:1958 1076:1957 1066:1955 1056:1954 1046:1953 1036:1952 1026:1951 1020:Rome 1016:1950 1007:1947 991:1938 981:1933 971:1929 965:1928 916:BICE 575:Lent 447:and 409:and 395:The 227:The 209:and 34:Type 6716:at 4963:TCN 3786:in 3778:'s 3717:by 3700:'s 3688:), 3471:by 3175:in 2850:by 2523:by 2410:In 2314:). 2267:). 2247:in 1786:in 1526:KRO 1524:of 1399:BBC 1316:KRO 914:or 764:). 758:to 717:'s 503:CPA 363:by 7182:: 6751:^ 6675:. 6640:. 6615:. 6577:. 6439:^ 6393:^ 6363:. 6324:. 6275:. 6150:. 6125:. 5986:^ 5806:^ 5789:. 5764:. 5726:. 5670:. 5640:. 5532:. 5519:^ 5326:, 5290:- 5226:, 5210:, 5194:- 5178:, 5150:, 5122:, 5075:, 5061:, 5014:, 4965:, 4938:, 4922:– 4876:, 4860:, 4832:, 4792:, 4776:, 4707:- 4681:, 4592:/ 4539:, 4523:- 4169:, 4114:, 4098:, 4032:, 3978:, 3962:, 3879:, 3802:, 3595:: 3573:: 3553:: 3539:: 3525:: 3515:: 3358:: 3348:: 3338:: 3328:: 3318:: 3308:: 3299:: 3289:: 3279:: 3265:: 3259:). 3247:: 3237:: 3227:: 3217:: 3207:: 3200:. 3102:, 3074:, 3070:, 3066:, 3062:, 3058:, 3054:, 3050:, 3046:, 3042:, 3034:, 3030:, 3026:, 3002:, 2996:, 2992:, 2988:, 2984:, 2980:, 2976:, 2972:, 2968:, 2964:, 2960:, 2956:, 2952:, 2948:, 2593:: 2563:: 2472:, 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