Royal forest - Knowledge

29: 862: 1107: 1306: 735:(52) To any man whom we have deprived or dispossessed of lands, castles, liberties, or rights, without the lawful judgement of his equals, we will at once restore these. In cases of dispute the matter shall be resolved by the judgement of the twenty-five barons referred to below in the clause for securing the peace (§ 61). In cases, however, where a man was deprived or dispossessed of something without the lawful judgement of his equals by our father 1317: 285: 732:(48) All evil customs relating to forests and warrens, foresters, warreners, sheriffs and their servants, or river-banks and their wardens, are at once to be investigated in every county by twelve sworn knights of the county, and within forty days of their enquiry the evil customs are to be abolished completely and irrevocably. But we, or our chief justice if we are not in England, are first to be informed. 627:, swainmote and the court of attachment seem to have been one and the same throughout most of its history. As the courts of justice-seat were held less frequently, the lower courts assumed the power to fine offenders against the forest laws, according to a fixed schedule. The courts of justice-seat crept into disuse, and in 1817, the office of justice in eyre was abolished and its powers transferred to the 991:

Attorney General would then proceed in the Court of Exchequer against the forest residents for intrusion, which would confirm the settlement negotiated by the commission. Crown lands would then be granted (leased), usually to prominent courtiers, and often the same figures that had undertaken the commission surveys. Legal complaints about the imposed settlements and compensation were frequent.

5336: 987:. The commissioners appointed raised over £25,000 by compounding with occupiers, whose ownership was confirmed, subject to a fixed rent. Cranfield's work led directly to the disafforestation of Gillingham Forest in Dorset and Chippenham and Blackmore in Wiltshire. Additionally, he created the model for the abolition of the forests followed throughout the 1630s. 206:. In addition, when an area was initially designated forest, any villages, towns and fields that lay within it were also subject to forest law. This could foster resentment as the local inhabitants were then restricted in the use of land they had previously relied upon for their livelihoods; however, common rights were not extinguished, but merely curtailed. 999:

lands previously used as commons, and frequently led to the destruction of fencing and hedges. Some were said to have had a "warlike" character, with armed mobs numbering hundreds, for instance in Feckenham. The rioters in Dean fully destroyed the enclosures surrounding 3,000 acres in groups that numbered thousands of participants.

754:', when we have hitherto had this by virtue of a `fee' held of us for knight's service by a third party; and with abbeys founded in another person's `fee', in which the lord of the `fee' claims to own a right. On our return from the Crusade, or if we abandon it, we will at once do full justice to complaints about these matters. 541:. These last reported to the court of justice-seat and investigated encroachments on the forest and invasion of royal rights, such as assarting. While their visits were infrequent, due to the interval of time between courts, they provided a check against collusion between the foresters and local offenders. 1002:

The disturbances tended to involve artisans and cottagers who were not entitled to compensation. The riots were hard to enforce against, due to the lack of efficient militia, and the low-born nature of the participants. Ultimately, however, enclosure succeeded, with the exceptions of Dean and Malvern

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in 1670, and a few for other forests in the 1660s and 1670s, but these were the last. From 1715, both surveyors' posts were held by the same person. The remaining royal forests continued to be managed (in theory, at least) on behalf of the Crown. However, the commoners' rights of grazing often seem

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Each disafforestation would start with a commission from the Exchequer, which would survey the forest, determine the lands belonging to the crown, and negotiate compensation for landowners and tenants whose now-traditional rights to use of the land as commons would be revoked. A legal action by the

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in Oxfordshire. Some of these no longer had swainmote courts thus no official supervision. They divided the remaining forests into two classes, those with and without the Crown as major landowner. In certain Hampshire forests and the Forest of Dean, most of the soil belonged to the Crown and these

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processions resulting in the destruction of enclosures and reoccupation of grazing lands in a number of West Country forests, including Gillingham, Braydon and Dean, known as the Western Rising. Riots also took place in Feckenham, Leicester and Malvern. The riots followed the physical enclosure of

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Epping and Hainault Forest are surviving remnants of the Royal Forest of Waltham. The extent of Epping and Hainault Forests was greatly reduced by inclosure by landowners. The Hainault Forest Act 1851 was passed by Parliament, ending the Royal protection for Hainault Forest. Within six weeks 3000

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as within the forest. Successive kings tried to recover the "purlieus" excluded from a forest by the Great Perambulation of 1300. Forest officers periodically fined the inhabitants of the purlieus for failing to attend Forest Court or for forest offences. This led to complaints in Parliament. The

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in the ordinary modern understanding refers to an area of wooded land; however, the original medieval sense was closer to the modern idea of a "preserve" – i.e. land legally set aside for specific purposes such as royal hunting – with less emphasis on its composition. There are also differing and

1208:. An Act was passed to remove the deer in 1851, but abandoned when it was realised that the deer were needed to keep open the unwooded "lawns" of the forest. An attempt was made to develop the forest for growing wood by a rolling programme of inclosures. In 1875, a 750:(53) We shall have similar respite in rendering justice in connexion with forests that are to be disafforested, or to remain forests, when these were first afforested by our father Henry or our brother Richard; with the guardianship of lands in another person's ` 575:

persons who had committed crimes against the forest law and brought them before this court to have them enrolled; however, it did not possess the power to try or convict individuals, and such cases had to be passed upwards to the swainmote or the court of justice

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observed. Forest law prescribed harsh punishment for anyone who committed any of a range of offences within the forests; by the mid-17th century, enforcement of this law had died out, but many of England's woodlands still bore the title "Royal Forest". During the

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Payment for access to certain rights could provide a useful source of income. Local nobles could be granted a royal licence to take a certain amount of game. The common inhabitants of the forest might, depending on their location, possess a variety of rights:

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by the English barons in 1215, contained five clauses relating to royal forests. They aimed to limit, and even reduce, the King's sole rights as enshrined in forest law. The clauses were as follows (taken from translation of the great charter that is the

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Cecil made the first steps towards abolition of the forests, as part of James I's policy of increasing his income independently of Parliament. Cecil investigated forests that were unused for royal hunting and provided little revenue from timber sales.

432:. Under the forest laws, bloody hand was a kind of trespass by which the offender, being apprehended and found with his hands or other body part stained with blood, is judged to have killed the deer, even though he was not found hunting or chasing. 402:

were permitted as watchdogs, but they had to have their front claws removed to prevent them from hunting game. The rights of chase and of warren (i.e. to hunt such beasts) were often granted to local nobility for a fee, but were a separate concept.

100:) the law of the land. Historians find no evidence of the Anglo-Saxon monarchs (c. 500 to 1066) creating forests. However, under the Norman kings (after 1066), by royal prerogative forest law was widely applied. The law was designed to protect the " 5349: 1148:

for charcoal continued until at least the late 18th century. Deer were removed in 1850. The forest is today heavily wooded, as is a substantial formerly privately owned area to the west, now treated as part of the forest. It is managed by

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was held three times a year: the fortnight before the feast of St. Michael, about the feast of St. Martin, and the fortnight before the feast of St. John the Baptist. It was presided over by the Warden and verderers, the foresters and

777:(1217), which further reformed the forest law and established the rights of agistment and pannage on private land within the forests. It also checked certain of the extortions of the foresters. An "Ordinance of the Forest" under 510:

supervised pannage and agistment and collected any fees thereto appertaining. The nomenclature of the officers can be somewhat confusing: the rank immediately below the constable was referred to as foresters-in-fee, or, later,

747:, unless a lawsuit had been begun, or an enquiry had been made at our order, before we took the Cross as a Crusader. On our return from the Crusade, or if we abandon it, we will at once render justice in full. 1190:, the forest was disafforested and forest law was abolished in respect of it. Instead, the corporation was appointed as Conservators of the Forest. The forest is managed through the Epping Forest Committee. 5359: 416:, clearing forest land for agriculture, and felling trees or clearing shrubs, among others. These laws applied to any land within the boundary of the forest, even if it were freely owned; although the 174:

evicted, all to serve the pleasure of the foreign tyrant, is a familiar element in the English national story .... The extent and intensity of hardship and of depopulation have been exaggerated",

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in 1874 to throw open some 3,000 acres (12 km) that had been inclosed in the preceding 20 years. In 1875 and 1876, the corporation bought 3,000 acres (12 km) of open wasteland. Under the

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with two Masters and two Surveyors-General. On the abolition of that court, the two surveyors-general became responsible to the Exchequer. Their respective divisions were north and south of the

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in Yorkshire was abolished. Revenues in the Forest of Dean were increased through sales of wood for iron smelting. Enclosures were made in Chippenham and Blackmore for herbage and pannage.

680:, also a keen hunter, increased the severity of the penalties for various offences to include death and mutilation. The laws were in part codified under the Assize of the Forest (1184) of 214:

The areas that became royal forests were already relatively wild and sparsely populated, and can be related to specific geographic features that made them harder to work as farmland.

5354: 530:-in-fee, and later, foresters-in-fee (not to be confused with the above), held small estates in return for their service in patrolling the forest and apprehending offenders. 666:, original enactor of the Forest Law in England, did not harshly penalise offenders. The accusation that he "laid a law upon it, that whoever slew hart or hind should be 3246: 354:. (In England, the boar became extinct in the wild by the 13th century, and the wolf by the late 15th century.) Protection was also said to be extended to the beasts of 3542: 597:

being in attendance. The first two occasions were to regulate agistment and pannage, respectively; the third was for the purpose of trying offenders before a jury of

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The whole Act was repealed by section 1(4) of, and the Schedule to, the Wild Creatures and Forest Laws Act 1971, which took effect on the date of its royal assent.

3389: 1270: 729:(47) All forests that have been created in our reign shall at once be disafforested. River-banks that have been enclosed in our reign shall be treated similarly. 502:

The chief royal official was the warden. As he was often an eminent and preoccupied magnate, his powers were frequently exercised by a deputy. He supervised the

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was Royal Forester of Glencree in 1219. In 1244, sixty does and twenty bucks were ordered to be "taken alive in the king's parks nearest to the port of

1683: 3732: 2216: 1652: 631:. Courts of swainmote and attachment went out of existence at various dates in the different forests. A Court of Swainmote was re-established in the 3393: 1087: 140:

to England in the 11th century, and at the height of this practice in the late 12th and early 13th centuries, fully one-third of the land area of

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The last serious exercise of forest law by a court of justice-seat (Forest Eyre) seems to have been in about 1635, in an attempt to raise money.

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was the highest of the forest courts. It was to be held every three years, to be announced forty days in advance, and was presided over by a

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Offences in forest law were divided into two categories: trespass against the vert (the vegetation of the forest) and trespass against the

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These words are printed against this Act in the second column of Schedule 2 to the Statute Law Revision Act 1948, which is headed "Title".

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lands of various forests, including Feckenham, Sedgemoor and Selwood, laying the foundations of the wide-scale abolition of forests under

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within the Forest from 1612 until about 1670. It was the subject of a Reafforestation Act in 1667. Courts continued to be held at the

5895: 3764: 3209: 3080: 1789: 837: 253:, woodlands were established on sandy, gravelly, acid soils. In the Scots Highlands, a "deer forest" generally has no trees at all. 5573: 5439: 3644: 3579: 3049:

Strictly a chase, but 'disaforrested' with riots, confirmed 1676; Malvern Hills Act 1884 established preservation and common rights

1251: 4239: 1083: 965: 930: 797:. However, this depended on the determination of local juries, whose decisions often excluded from the Forest lands described in 628: 1292:

was compiled in 1086, the forest covered perhaps a quarter of Nottinghamshire in woodland and heath subject to the forest laws.

743:, and it remains in our hands or is held by others under our warranty, we shall have respite for the period commonly allowed to 1213: 884: 5459: 506:

and under-foresters, who personally went about preserving the forest and game and apprehending offenders against the law. The

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In 1810, responsibility for woods was moved from Surveyors-General (who accounted to the Auditors of Land Revenue) to a new

442:; agriculture was permitted here and deer escaping from the forest into them were permitted to be killed if causing damage. 1220:, which limited the Crown's right to inclose, regulated common rights, and reconstituted the Court of Verderers. A further 515:, who held land in the forest in exchange for rent, and advised the warden. They exercised various privileges within their 82: 5535: 1324: 1086:. From 1832 to 1851 "Works and Buildings" were added to their responsibilities. In 1851, the commissioners again became a 5261: 961: 549: 170:", which magnified what was already a grave social ill: "the picture of prosperous settlements disrupted, houses burned, 571:. This court was held every forty days, and was presided over by verderers and the Warden, or his deputy. The foresters 5325: 2739: 398:. In addition, inhabitants of the forest were forbidden to bear hunting weapons, and dogs were banned from the forest; 5663: 5368: 5315: 5900: 5803: 5735: 5420: 1209: 956:

and after, forest law had largely become anachronistic, and served primarily to protect timber in the royal forests.

5553: 5269: 5497: 1273:. It is a remnant of an older, much larger, royal hunting forest, which derived its name from its status as the 5910: 5841: 5257: 4229: 1280:

of Nottinghamshire, which extended into several neighbouring counties (shires), bordered on the west along the

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was appointed to inquire into the condition of crown woods and those surviving. North of the Trent it found

183:, the practice of reserving areas of land for the sole use of the aristocracy was common throughout Europe. 5925: 1266: 1014:'s Act) to revert the forest boundaries to the positions they had held at the end of the reign of James I. 475:) and harvesting the products of the forest. Land might be disafforested entirely, or permission given for 5915: 2180: 1079:. The others would be inclosed, the Crown receiving an "allotment" (compensation) in lieu of its rights. 651:

and subject only to the authority of the king, but these customs had faded into obscurity by the time of

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pursued a policy of increasing revenues from the forests and starting the process of disafforestation.

17: 5628: 4185: 3430: 2033: 1285: 5603:, In the Savoy, Printed by E. Nutt (executrix of J . Nutt, assignee of E . Sayer) for B. Lintott , 4984:

An Act for Confirmation of the Inclosure and Improvement of Malvern "Chase" 1676, cited in 1884 Act

308: 96:, though the kings were great huntsmen, they never set aside areas declared to be "outside" (Latin 28: 5601:

Manwood's Treatise of the Forest Laws: Shewing Not Only the Laws Now in Force, But the Original ..

944: 5835: 4522: 4167:, Ireland, and delivered to the king's Treasurer in Dublin to stock the king's Park of Glencry." 3880: 2531: 879:

An Act for the caertainty of Forrests and of the Meers Meets Limits & Bounds of the Forrests.

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revived "Swainmotes" (forest courts) for several forests and held Forest Eyres in some of them.

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again checked the oppression of the officers and introduced sworn juries in the forest courts.

619:. It was, in theory, the only court that could pass sentence upon offenders of the forest laws. 312: 5870: 5865: 5477: 5875: 1175: 1106: 874: 866: 814: 806: 774: 764: 672: 667: 663: 417: 5651: 5294: 5194:

Bazeley, Margaret Ley (1921). "The Extent of the English Forest in the Thirteenth Century".

299:, a great lover of hunting, established the system of forest law. This operated outside the 5851: 5464: 2853: 1023: 984: 973: 810: 770: 740: 534: 371: 367: 296: 5380: 8: 4219: 4181: 4170: 4116: 3144: 2995: 2764: 2611: 2373: 2045: 1243: 1221: 1205: 1091: 794: 778: 751: 736: 681: 582:, held every third year to enforce the law requiring declawing of dogs within the forest. 420:

in 1217 established that all freemen owning land within the forest enjoyed the rights of

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St. John's College project: Forests and Chases in England and Wales, c. 1000 to c. 1850.

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in answer to general summonses, unless they are actually involved in proceedings or are

601:, or freemen of the forest. (The name of the court is sometimes said to be derived from 5522: 5211: 4234: 3963: 3925: 3790: 3199: 2957: 2439: 2118: 957: 652: 218: 78: 4521:. Due to the repeal of those provisions, it is now authorised by section 19(2) of the 1328: 790: 5799: 5731: 5703: 5652:"Chief Justice of the Forests South of the Trent: Records of Forest Eyres, Charles I" 5642: 5604: 5416: 5321: 4174: 3557: 3524: 3135: 2869: 2821: 2430: 2190: 2132: 1881: 1837: 1744: 1409: 1305: 307:

and their forest habitat from destruction. In the year of his death, 1087, a poem, "

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and reduced greatly in their extent, in theory to their extent in the time of

5884: 5340: 4091: 3885: 3620: 3402: 3377: 3190: 3153: 3036: 3015: 2835: 2830: 2797: 2703: 2630: 2597: 2536: 2231: 2152: 1908: 1903: 1805: 1488: 1372: 1289: 1281: 1259: 1162: 1133: 1059: 798: 718:(44) People who live outside the forest need not in future appear before the 677: 520: 363: 347: 222: 159: 5787: 5688: 5616: 5608: 5813: 5745: 5683:, Gateshead: Northumberland Press for the Northamptonshire Record Society, 5585: 5430: 3322: 3167: 3123: 2727: 2457: 2346: 1979: 1560: 1254:

today encompasses 423.2 hectares, (1,045 acres) surrounding the village of

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of England, the forest, chase and warren lands had been exempted from the

469:, the right to cut turf (as fuel); and various other rights of pasturage ( 4514: 4068: 2081: 2011: 1667: 1011: 995: 822: 698: 693: 379: 335: 234: 203: 180: 167: 144:

was designated as royal forest. At one stage in the 12th century, all of

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1290 partially given to the Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield for a Chase

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Mainly Forests of Weybridge, Sapley and Herthey. Whole small county in

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Including Panchet Wood and Milchet Park, with the associated Forest of

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Lovelace, D. (2001). (Unpublished) History of Aconbury Woods (Report).

5540:. Transactions of the Malvern Naturalists' Field Club. pp. 16–17. 5237: 623:

In practice, these fine distinctions were not always observed. In the

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was keeper of the forest and of "the Queen's timber works" in 1290.

519:. Their subordinates were the under-foresters, later referred to as 5339: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the 4249: 4142: 4049: 3807: 3752: 3658: 3100: 3062: 2756: 2750: 2730: 2550: 2365: 2319: 2304: 2171: 2103: 2098: 2089: 2076: 2058: 1725: 1716: 1703: 1367: 1145: 1129: 1067: 744: 723: 503: 496: 453: 439: 375: 339: 261: 117: 109: 65: 5866:

The Gentleman's Magazine. Expeditating or Lawing the feet of dogs.

523:. The rangers are sometimes said to be patrollers of the purlieu. 284: 4160: 3862: 3774: 3601: 3575: 3238:

New Forest Act 1877 established preservation and rights of common

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Epping Forest Act 1878 established preservation and common rights

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The New Forest is home to the British cultural minority known as

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In 1641, Parliament passed the Delimitation of Forests Act 1640 (

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king promised to remedy the grievances, but usually did nothing.

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meant the greenery that sustained them. Forests were designed as

101: 69: 57: 605:, probably a misapprehension through its regulation of pannage.) 5488: 4676: 4193: 4164: 3847: 3841: 3506: 3483: 2556: 2294: 1968: 1781: 1688: 1584: 1523: 1505: 980: 925: 476: 265: 250: 33: 5224: 3093:

In southeast of county, between Clarendon and Hampshire border

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Disafforestation, sale of forest lands and the Western Rising

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The five animals of the forest protected by law were given by

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The Forest of Dean was legally re-established in 1668 by the

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Cyclopædia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences

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Incl Longmynd, Stapelwood, Burswood, Lythwood and Stapleton

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in Devon. Royal forests do not necessarily include woodland

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Locus Amoenus: Gardens and Horticulture in the Renaissance

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The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland

5295:"Victoria County History: Wiltshire: Vol 4: Royal forests" 5252: 4787: 4115:

Only one royal forest is known to have been formed in the

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to have been more important than the rights of the Crown.

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Trespasses against the vert were extensive: they included

1090:. In 1924, the Royal Forests were transferred to the new 1072: 4173:

was granted 12 oaks from the King's forest of Glencree.

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Stapelwood (including Buriwood, Lythewood and Stepelton)

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recommended against this, leading to the passage of the

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should be reserved to grow timber, to meet the need for

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Le Fanu, T. P. (1893). "The Royal Forest of Glencree".

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was authorised by section 5 of, and Schedule 2 to, the

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were afforested. Upland moors too were chosen, such as

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Famous by its historic association with the legend of

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and his successors, but generally the system decayed.

276:, a sandstone plateau, had a number of royal forests. 5496:. Joint Nature Conservation Committee. Archived from 726:

for someone who has been seized for a forest offence.

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A Treatise and Discourse of the Lawes of the Forrest

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and Northampton Park; Bailiwicks disafforested 1790s

315:, expresses English indignation at the forest laws. 56:), is an area of land with different definitions in 5440:"The Dialogue Concerning the Exchequer. circa 1180" 1224:was passed in 1964. This forest is also managed by 537:, who determined the boundaries of the forest, and 4184:and is believed to have been destroyed during the 108:meant "noble" animals of the chase – notably 5548: 5406:(CD ROM). Grafton Regis Millennium Project. 2004. 5396:Hunting and Hunting Reserves in Medieval Scotland 4729: 3968:Buckinghamshire, Northamptonshire and Oxfordshire 2738:'Forest of the March' NB: this is not the modern 2286:"North of the Stanestreet", Tendring Hundred 1228 1140:, for example, to regulate the activities of the 209: 5882: 5482:Journal of the House of Lords: Volume 4, 1629-42 5478:"House of Lords Journal Volume 4: 7 August 1641" 5077: 5032: 4956: 4911: 4909: 4907: 4862: 4860: 4858: 4856: 4854: 4759: 4757: 4706: 4704: 4592: 4590: 4011:Sandy, gravelly acid soils; dry oak, birch wood 3941:Sandy, gravelly acid soils; dry oak, birch wood 3241:Sandy, gravelly acid soils; dry oak, birch wood 2189:with glacial sands and gravels and fertile clay; 1612:Sandy, gravelly acid soils; dry oak, birch wood 1594:Sandy, gravelly acid soils; dry oak, birch wood 1536:Sandy, gravelly acid soils; dry oak, birch wood 1428:Sandy, gravelly acid soils; dry oak, birch wood 1156: 1088:Commissioner of Woods, Forests and Land Revenues 784: 132:reserved for the monarch or (by invitation) the 5229:Les Cahiers du Centre de Recherches Historiques 5106: 5104: 5102: 5100: 5098: 5096: 5094: 5092: 5090: 5075: 5073: 5071: 5069: 5067: 5065: 5063: 5061: 5059: 5057: 5030: 5028: 5026: 5024: 5022: 5020: 5018: 5016: 5014: 5012: 4954: 4952: 4950: 4948: 4946: 4944: 4942: 4940: 4938: 4936: 4905: 4903: 4901: 4899: 4897: 4895: 4893: 4891: 4889: 4887: 4852: 4850: 4848: 4846: 4844: 4842: 4840: 4838: 4836: 4834: 4813: 4811: 4809: 4807: 4805: 4803: 4801: 4799: 4797: 4795: 4755: 4753: 4751: 4749: 4747: 4745: 4743: 4741: 4739: 4737: 4702: 4700: 4698: 4696: 4694: 4692: 4690: 4688: 4686: 4684: 1084:Commission of Woods, Forests, and Land Revenues 5476: 5268: 4654: 4543: 438:lands on the edge of the forest were known as 186:Royal forests usually included large areas of 5756:. A Topographical Dictionary of England. 1848 5702:. New York: Phoenix Press. pp. 176–177. 5650: 4587: 4577: 4575: 4558: 5773:. Vol. 2. Cardiff: Merton Priory Press. 5771:A History of Derbyshire: Medieval Derbyshire 5730:. Berkeley: University of California Press. 5196:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 5087: 5054: 5009: 5005:A Topographical Dictionary of England (1848) 4933: 4884: 4831: 4792: 4734: 4681: 4440: 4438: 4436: 4434: 4421: 4419: 4417: 4415: 4413: 4411: 4409: 4407: 4405: 4403: 4401: 4399: 4397: 4395: 4393: 4391: 4389: 4387: 4385: 4383: 4381: 4379: 4377: 4375: 4373: 3052:Midland clay plain, woodlands; upland moors 3031:Midland clay plain, woodlands; upland moors 1304: 1178:wished to see Epping Forest preserved as an 1101: 463:, the right to pasture swine in the forest; 166:, figured large in the folk history of the " 5700:Trees and Woodland in the British Landscape 5662: 5566:Anglo-Saxon England and the Norman Conquest 5042: 4721: 4719: 4665: 4496: 4371: 4369: 4367: 4365: 4363: 4361: 4359: 4357: 4355: 4353: 3742:Final extent was a small area northwest of 1128:The Forest of Dean was used as a source of 5568:(2nd ed.). Longman. pp. 378–382. 5222: 4572: 4294: 2111:Two woods and two moors disafforested 1215 1295: 268:in the South West, and the Peak Forest of 5437: 5236: 4713:, p. 221, Appendix: Table of Forests 4554: 4552: 4431: 4322: 2183:; outside of normal forest administration 838:Western Rising and disafforestation riots 5544: 5344: 5292: 4993: 4766:, p. 222, Appendix Table of Forests 4725: 4716: 4468: 4350: 4041:) and the associated Forest of Haughmond 1105: 1017: 758: 658: 445: 283: 221:of England, forests extended across the 27: 5768: 5694: 5635: 5584: 5572: 5552:. Herefordshire Council. Archived from 5512: 5484:. His Majesty's Stationery Office: 349. 5366: 5168: 5157: 4826: 4631: 4502: 4456: 4450: 4283: 4240:History of the forest in Central Europe 994:The disafforestations caused riots and 931:Wild Creatures and Forest Laws Act 1971 789:In 1300 many (if not all) forests were 629:First Commissioner of Woods and Forests 5883: 5798:. : University of Pennsylvania Press. 5716: 5622: 4643: 4549: 4479: 4306: 4304: 4302: 3177:lying east and southeast of Bridgnorth 5906:Land management in the United Kingdom 5796:The royal forests of medieval England 5793: 5725: 5681:The Royal Forests of Northamptonshire 5410: 5313: 5110: 5081: 5048: 5036: 4960: 4927: 4915: 4878: 4866: 4775: 4763: 4710: 4619: 4608: 4596: 4581: 4444: 4425: 4345: 4333: 4272: 4180:It is last mentioned in the reign of 945:Text of statute as originally enacted 817:in 1547 placed the forests under the 245:formed another belt of woodlands. In 5921:Types of formally designated forests 5625:"Where have all the Oak trees gone?" 5576:. Fordham University. Archived from 5560: 5533: 5458: 5415:. Wolfeboro Falls, NH: Alan Sutton. 5375: 5184: 5145: 5133: 5122: 4972: 4966: 4491: 4310: 2960:(including Wyresdale and Quernsmore) 1311: 979:Cranfield commissioned surveys into 491:The justices of the forest were the 162:, in particular the creation of the 136:. The concept was introduced by the 5679:Pettit, Philip Arthur John (1968), 5636:Medcalf, David (14 December 2019). 4677:Joint Nature Conservation Committee 4299: 4063:Heavy clay soils, dense oak forest 3702:Heavy clay soils, dense oak forest 3363:, Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire and 3118:Heavy clay soils, dense oak forest 2915:Riots occurred at disafforestation. 2452:Heavy clay soils, dense oak forest 1974:Heavy clay soils, dense oak forest 1794:Heavy clay soils, dense oak forest 1698:Heavy clay soils, dense oak forest 1174:acres of woodland was cleared. The 552:gives the following outline of the 16:For other uses of 'kingswood', see 13: 5404:Grafton Regis History and Heritage 5367:Dugdale, William (3 August 1846). 3679:Or Marlborough Forest; Granted to 1231: 805:Several forests were alienated by 233:was heavily wooded. Clay soils in 23:Areas of land in the British Isles 14: 5937: 5871:Les Termes de la Ley: Expeditate. 5822: 5460:"The Assize of the Forest (1184)" 5293:Crittall, Elizabeth, ed. (1959). 5254:"Cannock Chase at Birches Valley" 4513:The citation of this Act by this 3933:, Surrey and negligibly Hampshire 2354:Riots on disafforestation 1630–31 1117: 1026:. A Forest Eyre was held for the 342:(i.e. male and female red deer), 229:, the clay plain surrounding the 148:was afforested. On his accession 5896:Forests and woodlands of England 5371:. Bohn – via Google Books. 5334: 2268:Entire county afforested to 1204 1315: 860: 849:Delimitation of Forests Act 1640 676:is little more than propaganda. 556:, as theoretically constructed: 457:, the right of taking firewood; 288:Medieval forest scene, from the 198: – anywhere that supported 5638:"Ambling through the oak woods" 5537:The Forest and Chase of Malvern 5187:The Judges in Ireland 1221–1921 5177: 5162: 5151: 5139: 5127: 5116: 4998: 4987: 4978: 4921: 4872: 4820: 4781: 4769: 4670: 4659: 4648: 4637: 4625: 4613: 4602: 4563: 4537: 4528: 4507: 4485: 4473: 4462: 2656: 2161:Midland clay plain, oak forest 1110:Deer crossing the Long Walk to 1058:in Gloucestershire, Waltham or 5842:New International Encyclopedia 5623:Martin, David (January 2017). 5320:. Cambridge University Press. 5258:Cannock Chase District Council 5225:"Forêts d'Europe au Moyen-Âge" 4788:Cannock Chase District Council 4339: 4327: 4316: 4288: 4277: 4266: 4230:English Lowlands beech forests 4044:Midland clay plain, woodlands 3317:Midland clay plain, woodlands 3180:Midland clay plain, woodlands 2935:Midland clay plain, woodlands 2848:Midland clay plain, woodlands 2357:Midland clay plain, woodlands 1265:The core of the forest is the 1242:A forest since the end of the 687: 378:, and the beasts and fowls of 210:Areas chosen for royal forests 104:and the vert". In this sense, 77:contextual interpretations in 1: 5438:Henderson, Ernest F. (1896). 5398:. Edinburgh: John Donald Ltd. 5223:Braunstein, Philippe (1990). 4519:Statute Law Revision Act 1948 4255: 1193: 1157:Epping & Hainault Forests 785:Great Perambulation and after 279: 5728:In Contempt of all Authority 5550:"Herefordshire Through Time" 5413:The royal forests of England 2740:forestry management district 2289:Boulder clay, fertile lands 2209:A group of six royal forests 1384:to support a nunnery in 1216 1267:Special Area of Conservation 720:Royal Justices of the Forest 7: 5185:Ball, F. Elrington (1926). 4260: 4203: 3855:South of the Guildford Road 3357:Oxford and Stamford Bridges 2181:Forests of Mara and Mondrem 1062:in Essex, three forests in 1042:survived, south of it: the 773:was compelled to grant the 486: 318: 10: 5942: 5794:Young, Charles R. (1979). 5780:Select pleas of the forest 5717:Samson, Alexander (2012). 5387:Corpus of Electronic Texts 5278:City of London Corporation 4163:to be sent to the port of 4110: 1300: 1235: 1197: 1166: 1160: 1121: 842:United Kingdom legislation 835: 762: 691: 638: 44:, occasionally known as a 18:Kingswood (disambiguation) 15: 5574:"The Text of Magna Carta" 5330:– via Google Books. 4186:Bruce campaign in Ireland 3473:Sandstone upland plateau 3247:New Forest, Staffordshire 2644:Forest of Huntingdonshire 1286:Forest of East Derbyshire 1102:Surviving ancient forests 943: 936: 924: 919: 911: 901: 896: 883: 873: 859: 854: 847: 769:After the death of John, 544: 274:The North Yorkshire moors 5901:Landscape design history 5726:Sharp, Buchanan (1980). 5490:"Birklands and Bilhaugh" 5270:"Epping Forest Act 1878" 3280:Forest of Northumberland 2838:formerly extending into 1565:1191, Part disafforested 309:The Rime of King William 303:, and served to protect 5411:Grant, Raymond (1991). 5377:Falkiner, Caesar Litton 4523:Interpretation Act 1978 3673:Berkshire and Wiltshire 3028:Later listed as a chase 1296:Royal forests by county 1252:National Nature Reserve 1010:. c. 16, also known as 563:, sometimes called the 5858:Encyclopedia Americana 5778:Turner, G. J. (1901), 5599:Manwood, John (1717), 5394:Gilbert, J.M. (1979). 5301:. University of London 5299:British History Online 5189:. London: John Murray. 3975:Clay soils, woodlands 3769:Clay soils, woodlands 3727:Clay plain, woodlands 3694:Somerset and Wiltshire 3639:Clay soils, woodlands 3552:Clay soils, woodlands 1678:Clay soils, woodlands 1657:Clay soils, woodlands 1309: 1271:Birklands and Bilhaugh 1188:Epping Forest Act 1878 1114: 819:Court of Augmentations 526:Another group, called 313:Peterborough Chronicle 293: 156:to be a royal forest. 53: 37: 5911:English royal forests 5754:"Hickling – Highgate" 5664:"Sherwood Forest NNR" 5588:(1598). "Chapter 1". 5580:on 10 September 2014. 5314:Darby, H. C. (1986). 5264:on 23 September 2015. 4730:Herefordshire Council 4655:City of London (1878) 4544:House of Lords (1641) 4131:Disafforestation date 4084:Strictly only a chase 1577:including Bere Ashley 1356:Disafforestation date 1308: 1248:pollen sampling cores 1176:Corporation of London 1109: 1034:In the late 1780s, a 1018:After the Restoration 867:Parliament of England 775:Charter of the Forest 765:Charter of the Forest 759:Charter of the Forest 673:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 659:William the Conqueror 609:Court of justice-seat 533:The forests also had 446:Rights and privileges 418:Charter of the Forest 297:William the Conqueror 287: 31: 5556:on 8 September 2015. 5534:Lees, Edwin (1877). 5465:Constitution Society 5382:The Woods of Ireland 4031:Mount Gilbert Forest 3558:Forest of Rossendale 2854:Knaresborough Forest 2676:Sometimes including 2606:Midlands clay plain 2545:Midlands clay plain 1780:Including parish of 1329:adding missing items 1206:New Forest Commoners 1050:, Windsor Forest in 1024:Dean Forest Act 1667 974:Knaresborough Forest 670:," according to the 32:The Royal Forest of 5926:History of forestry 5852:"Forest Laws" 5836:"Forest Laws" 5769:Turbutt, G (1999). 5472:on 11 January 2006. 4220:Deer park (England) 4171:William le Deveneys 4117:Lordship of Ireland 3152:and part of modern 3145:Forest of Middlesex 2996:Macclesfield Forest 2612:Forest of High Peak 2046:Buckholt, Hampshire 1971:or Pewsham New Park 1788:Disafforested with 1769:or Forest of Braden 1250:), Sherwood Forest 1218:New Forest Act 1877 1092:Forestry Commission 561:Court of attachment 311:", inserted in the 237:, Buckinghamshire, 94:Anglo-Saxon England 5916:English forest law 5446:on 8 February 2007 5171:, pp. 268–280 4634:, pp. 176–177 4313:, pp. 378–382 4137:Soil or landscape 3964:Whittlewood Forest 3417:Limestone uplands 3200:Duchy of Lancaster 3198:was parcel of the 2687:Irchenfield Forest 1967:Perhaps excepting 1784:, at that time in 1362:Soil or landscape 1327:; you can help by 1310: 1115: 1046:, three others in 960:and his ministers 294: 79:Continental Europe 38: 5891:Landscape history 5709:978-1-8421-2469-7 5666:. Natural England 5656:National Archives 5643:Irish Independent 5346:Chambers, Ephraim 5238:10.4000/ccrh.2859 4881:, pp. 61, 63 4559:National Archives 4295:Braunstein (1990) 4201: 4200: 4175:William de Meones 4108: 4107: 3593:Duke of Abermarle 3576:Forest of Rutland 3534:1638 & 1795-6 3525:Rockingham Forest 2822:Rockingham Forest 2440:Gillingham Forest 2431:Rockingham Forest 2133:Duchy of Cornwall 1868:Burrington Forest 1838:Rockingham Forest 1345: 1344: 950: 949: 920:Other legislation 855:Act of Parliament 705:forced upon King 81:derived from the 5933: 5876:Charta Forestae. 5862: 5854: 5846: 5838: 5817: 5790: 5774: 5765: 5763: 5761: 5749: 5722: 5713: 5691: 5675: 5673: 5671: 5659: 5647: 5632: 5627:. Archived from 5619: 5595: 5581: 5569: 5557: 5546: 5541: 5530: 5509: 5507: 5505: 5485: 5473: 5468:. Archived from 5455: 5453: 5451: 5442:. Archived from 5434: 5407: 5399: 5390: 5372: 5363: 5362:on 4 March 2016. 5338: 5337: 5331: 5317:Domesday England 5310: 5308: 5306: 5289: 5287: 5285: 5274: 5265: 5260:. Archived from 5249: 5247: 5245: 5240: 5219: 5190: 5172: 5166: 5160: 5155: 5149: 5148:, pp. 60–61 5143: 5137: 5131: 5125: 5120: 5114: 5108: 5085: 5079: 5052: 5046: 5040: 5034: 5007: 5002: 4996: 4991: 4985: 4982: 4976: 4975:, pp. 16–17 4970: 4964: 4958: 4931: 4930:, pp. 70–71 4925: 4919: 4913: 4882: 4876: 4870: 4864: 4829: 4824: 4818: 4815: 4790: 4785: 4779: 4778:, pp. 59–60 4773: 4767: 4761: 4732: 4723: 4714: 4708: 4679: 4674: 4668: 4663: 4657: 4652: 4646: 4641: 4635: 4629: 4623: 4617: 4611: 4606: 4600: 4599:, pp. 56–57 4594: 4585: 4579: 4570: 4567: 4561: 4556: 4547: 4541: 4535: 4532: 4526: 4511: 4505: 4500: 4494: 4489: 4483: 4477: 4471: 4466: 4460: 4454: 4448: 4442: 4429: 4423: 4348: 4343: 4337: 4331: 4325: 4323:Henderson (1896) 4320: 4314: 4308: 4297: 4292: 4286: 4281: 4275: 4270: 4225:English land law 4210:Ancient woodland 4122: 4121: 3981:Woodstock Forest 3947:Forest of Wirral 3915:Last remnant of 3895:John of Monmouth 3681:Duke of Somerset 3669:Savernake Forest 3630:Northamptonshire 3530:Northamptonshire 3516:Duke of Somerset 3479:Poorstock Forest 3431:Clarendon Forest 3361:Northamptonshire 3341:Ouse and Derwent 2905:Leicester Forest 2814:Northamptonshire 2742:of the same name 2667:Inglewood Forest 2658: 2616:North Derbyshire 2422:Northamptonshire 2338:Feckenham Forest 2041:1664 (Clarendon) 2034:Clarendon Forest 1924:Charnwood Forest 1895:Inglewood Forest 1829:Northamptonshire 1684:Blackmoor Forest 1347: 1346: 1340: 1337: 1319: 1318: 1312: 1246:(as attested by 1226:Forestry England 1214:House of Commons 1210:Select committee 1182:and obtained an 1151:Forestry England 1096:Forestry England 1064:Northamptonshire 1036:royal commission 966:Lionel Cranfield 938:Status: Repealed 864: 863: 850: 845: 844: 493:justices in eyre 249:, Berkshire and 243:Northamptonshire 152:declared all of 142:Southern England 5941: 5940: 5936: 5935: 5934: 5932: 5931: 5930: 5881: 5880: 5849: 5833: 5825: 5820: 5806: 5777: 5759: 5757: 5738: 5710: 5696:Rackham, Oliver 5678: 5669: 5667: 5631:on 3 June 2023. 5598: 5503: 5501: 5500:on 14 July 2014 5449: 5447: 5423: 5393: 5335: 5328: 5304: 5302: 5283: 5281: 5272: 5243: 5241: 5208:10.2307/3678331 5193: 5180: 5175: 5167: 5163: 5156: 5152: 5144: 5140: 5132: 5128: 5121: 5117: 5109: 5088: 5080: 5055: 5047: 5043: 5035: 5010: 5003: 4999: 4994:Crittall (1959) 4992: 4988: 4983: 4979: 4971: 4967: 4959: 4934: 4926: 4922: 4914: 4885: 4877: 4873: 4865: 4832: 4825: 4821: 4816: 4793: 4786: 4782: 4774: 4770: 4762: 4735: 4726:Lovelace (2001) 4724: 4717: 4709: 4682: 4675: 4671: 4666:Natural England 4664: 4660: 4653: 4649: 4642: 4638: 4630: 4626: 4618: 4614: 4607: 4603: 4595: 4588: 4580: 4573: 4568: 4564: 4557: 4550: 4542: 4538: 4533: 4529: 4512: 4508: 4501: 4497: 4490: 4486: 4478: 4474: 4469:Chambers (1728) 4467: 4463: 4455: 4451: 4443: 4432: 4424: 4351: 4344: 4340: 4332: 4328: 4321: 4317: 4309: 4300: 4293: 4289: 4282: 4278: 4271: 4267: 4263: 4258: 4245:Hunting license 4206: 4157:Thomas Fitzadam 4113: 4029:(more strictly 3917:Forest of Essex 3733:Shirlett Forest 3713:Nottinghamshire 3708:Sherwood Forest 3626:Buckinghamshire 3591:Granted to the 3464:North Yorkshire 3365:Huntingdonshire 3264:North Petherton 3186:Needwood Forest 3071:Delamere Forest 3058:Mara et Mondrum 3007:Delamere Forest 2943:or Strattondale 2779:Gloucestershire 2723:Kesteven Forest 2649:Huntingdonshire 2593:Hay of Hereford 2582:Part of former 2571:Hatfield Forest 2458:Groveley Forest 2314:High moorlands 2256:Forest of Essex 2217:East Derbyshire 2179:Remains of the 2149:Gloucestershire 2138:High moorlands 1860:Bernwood Forest 1852:Buckinghamshire 1786:Gloucestershire 1675:Partly in Bucks 1663:Bernwood Forest 1640:Buckinghamshire 1635:Bernwood Forest 1599:Bere Porchester 1589:1269, in Dorset 1473:Gloucestershire 1414:Woolmer Forests 1341: 1335: 1332: 1316: 1303: 1298: 1240: 1238:Sherwood Forest 1234: 1232:Sherwood Forest 1202: 1196: 1171: 1169:Hainault Forest 1165: 1159: 1126: 1120: 1104: 1040:Sherwood Forest 1020: 939: 869: 861: 848: 843: 840: 834: 787: 767: 761: 739:or our brother 707:John of England 696: 690: 661: 653:The Restoration 641: 617:justice in eyre 580:Court of regard 565:Forty-Day Court 547: 489: 448: 321: 290:Livre de chasse 282: 239:Huntingdonshire 212: 154:Huntingdonshire 89:legal systems. 24: 21: 12: 11: 5: 5939: 5929: 5928: 5923: 5918: 5913: 5908: 5903: 5898: 5893: 5879: 5878: 5873: 5868: 5863: 5847: 5831: 5824: 5823:External links 5821: 5819: 5818: 5804: 5791: 5775: 5766: 5750: 5736: 5723: 5714: 5708: 5692: 5676: 5660: 5648: 5633: 5620: 5596: 5582: 5570: 5558: 5542: 5531: 5521:(3): 268–280. 5510: 5486: 5474: 5456: 5435: 5421: 5408: 5400: 5391: 5373: 5364: 5348:, ed. (1728). 5332: 5327:978-0521310260 5326: 5311: 5290: 5266: 5250: 5220: 5191: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5173: 5169:Le Fanu (1893) 5161: 5158:Medcalf (2019) 5150: 5138: 5126: 5115: 5086: 5053: 5051:, pp. 5–6 5041: 5008: 4997: 4986: 4977: 4965: 4932: 4920: 4883: 4871: 4830: 4827:Turbutt (1999) 4819: 4791: 4780: 4768: 4733: 4715: 4680: 4669: 4658: 4647: 4636: 4632:Rackham (1990) 4624: 4612: 4601: 4586: 4571: 4562: 4548: 4536: 4527: 4506: 4495: 4484: 4472: 4461: 4457:Manwood (1598) 4449: 4430: 4349: 4338: 4326: 4315: 4298: 4287: 4284:Dugdale (1846) 4276: 4264: 4262: 4259: 4257: 4254: 4253: 4252: 4247: 4242: 4237: 4232: 4227: 4222: 4217: 4212: 4205: 4202: 4199: 4198: 4190: 4153: 4150: 4145: 4139: 4138: 4135: 4132: 4129: 4126: 4125:Name of forest 4112: 4109: 4106: 4105: 4103: 4101: 4099: 4094: 4088: 4087: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4074:Worcestershire 4071: 4065: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4053: 4046: 4045: 4042: 4027: 4025: 4020: 4013: 4012: 4009: 4007: 4004: 3999: 3997:Woolmer Forest 3993: 3992: 3990: 3988: 3986: 3983: 3977: 3976: 3973: 3971: 3969: 3966: 3960: 3959: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3949: 3943: 3942: 3939: 3937: 3934: 3928: 3926:Windsor Forest 3922: 3921: 3919: 3913: 3911: 3906: 3904:Waltham Forest 3900: 3899: 3897: 3891: 3888: 3883: 3877: 3876: 3874: 3872: 3870: 3865: 3859: 3858: 3856: 3853: 3850: 3845: 3838: 3837: 3835: 3833: 3831: 3826: 3822: 3821: 3819: 3817: 3815: 3810: 3804: 3803: 3801: 3799: 3797: 3794: 3787: 3786: 3784: 3782: 3780: 3777: 3771: 3770: 3767: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3749: 3748: 3746: 3740: 3738: 3735: 3729: 3728: 3725: 3718: 3715: 3710: 3704: 3703: 3700: 3698: 3695: 3692: 3690:Selwood Forest 3686: 3685: 3683: 3677: 3674: 3671: 3665: 3664: 3662: 3655: 3652: 3650:Leicestershire 3647: 3641: 3640: 3637: 3635: 3632: 3623: 3617: 3616: 3614: 3612: 3609: 3604: 3598: 3597: 3595: 3589: 3586: 3585:Leicestershire 3583: 3572: 3571: 3569: 3567: 3565: 3560: 3554: 3553: 3550: 3535: 3532: 3527: 3521: 3520: 3518: 3512: 3509: 3504: 3498: 3497: 3495: 3488: 3486: 3481: 3475: 3474: 3471: 3469: 3466: 3461: 3454: 3453: 3451: 3449: 3447: 3442: 3436: 3435: 3433: 3427: 3425: 3423: 3419: 3418: 3415: 3413: 3410: 3405: 3399: 3398: 3396: 3394:Thomas Pursell 3386: 3383: 3380: 3374: 3373: 3371: 3369: 3367: 3358: 3354: 3353: 3351: 3349: 3346: 3343: 3337: 3336: 3334: 3332: 3330: 3325: 3319: 3318: 3315: 3313: 3310: 3308:Worcestershire 3305: 3295: 3294: 3292: 3290: 3287: 3285:Northumberland 3282: 3276: 3275: 3273: 3271: 3269: 3266: 3260: 3259: 3257: 3255: 3252: 3249: 3243: 3242: 3239: 3236: 3233: 3230: 3224: 3223: 3221: 3219: 3216: 3213: 3206: 3205: 3203: 3196: 3194: 3188: 3182: 3181: 3178: 3175: 3173: 3170: 3164: 3163: 3161: 3159: 3156: 3147: 3141: 3140: 3138: 3134:Also known as 3132: 3130: 3127: 3120: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3111: 3108: 3097: 3096: 3094: 3091: 3088: 3083: 3077: 3076: 3074: 3068: 3065: 3060: 3054: 3053: 3050: 3047: 3044: 3042:Worcestershire 3039: 3033: 3032: 3029: 3026: 3023: 3021:Worcestershire 3018: 3016:Malvern Forest 3012: 3011: 3009: 3003: 3001: 2998: 2992: 2991: 2989: 2983: 2981: 2976: 2972: 2971: 2969: 2967: 2964: 2961: 2954: 2953: 2951: 2949: 2947: 2944: 2937: 2936: 2933: 2930: 2928: 2925: 2919: 2918: 2916: 2913: 2910: 2909:Leicestershire 2907: 2901: 2900: 2898: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2885: 2884: 2882: 2879: 2877: 2872: 2866: 2865: 2863: 2861: 2859: 2856: 2850: 2849: 2846: 2844: 2842: 2840:Worcestershire 2833: 2827: 2826: 2824: 2818: 2816: 2811: 2807: 2806: 2804: 2802: 2800: 2795: 2789: 2788: 2786: 2785:Alias Keynsham 2783: 2781: 2776: 2770: 2769: 2767: 2761: 2759: 2754: 2747: 2746: 2743: 2736: 2733: 2725: 2719: 2718: 2716: 2714: 2712: 2707: 2700: 2699: 2697: 2695: 2692: 2689: 2683: 2682: 2680: 2674: 2672: 2669: 2663: 2662: 2660: 2653: 2651: 2646: 2640: 2639: 2637: 2635: 2633: 2628: 2624: 2623: 2621: 2619: 2617: 2614: 2608: 2607: 2604: 2602: 2600: 2595: 2589: 2588: 2586: 2580: 2578: 2573: 2567: 2566: 2564: 2562: 2559: 2554: 2547: 2546: 2543: 2541: 2539: 2534: 2528: 2527: 2525: 2523: 2520: 2515: 2509: 2508: 2506: 2500: 2497: 2495: 2489: 2488: 2486: 2484: 2482: 2477: 2471: 2470: 2468: 2466: 2463: 2460: 2454: 2453: 2450: 2448: 2445: 2442: 2436: 2435: 2433: 2427: 2424: 2419: 2413: 2412: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2402: 2396: 2395: 2393: 2391: 2389: 2386: 2379: 2378: 2376: 2370: 2368: 2363: 2359: 2358: 2355: 2352: 2349: 2343:Worcestershire 2340: 2334: 2333: 2331: 2329: 2326: 2323: 2316: 2315: 2312: 2310: 2307: 2298: 2291: 2290: 2287: 2284: 2281: 2276: 2272: 2271: 2269: 2266: 2263: 2258: 2252: 2251: 2249: 2246: 2243: 2238: 2236:Waltham Forest 2228: 2227: 2225: 2223: 2221: 2219: 2213: 2212: 2210: 2207: 2205: 2200: 2198:Duffield Frith 2194: 2193: 2184: 2177: 2174: 2169: 2163: 2162: 2159: 2157: 2155: 2146: 2140: 2139: 2136: 2129: 2126: 2121: 2115: 2114: 2112: 2109: 2106: 2101: 2095: 2094: 2092: 2086: 2084: 2079: 2073: 2072: 2070: 2068: 2066: 2061: 2051: 2050: 2048: 2042: 2039: 2036: 2030: 2029: 2027: 2021: 2019: 2014: 2008: 2007: 2005: 1994: 1991: 1982: 1976: 1975: 1972: 1965: 1962: 1957: 1951: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1944: 1941: 1935: 1934: 1932: 1930: 1928: 1926: 1920: 1919: 1917: 1914: 1911: 1906: 1900: 1899: 1897: 1891: 1889: 1884: 1878: 1877: 1875: 1873: 1871: 1869: 1865: 1864: 1862: 1856: 1854: 1849: 1843: 1842: 1840: 1834: 1831: 1826: 1820: 1819: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1803: 1796: 1795: 1792: 1778: 1775: 1770: 1767:Braydon Forest 1763: 1762: 1760: 1758: 1756: 1747: 1741: 1740: 1738: 1736: 1734: 1729: 1722: 1721: 1719: 1713: 1711: 1706: 1700: 1699: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1686: 1680: 1679: 1676: 1673: 1670: 1665: 1659: 1658: 1655: 1645: 1642: 1637: 1631: 1630: 1628: 1626: 1623: 1618: 1614: 1613: 1610: 1608: 1605: 1600: 1596: 1595: 1592: 1590: 1587: 1578: 1571: 1570: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1558: 1554: 1553: 1551: 1549: 1547: 1542: 1538: 1537: 1534: 1532:Windsor Forest 1528: 1526: 1521: 1515: 1514: 1512: 1510: 1508: 1503: 1499: 1498: 1496: 1494: 1491: 1486: 1482: 1481: 1479: 1477: 1475: 1470: 1466: 1465: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1456:Northumberland 1453: 1449: 1448: 1446: 1444: 1442: 1437: 1430: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1416: 1406: 1405: 1403: 1401: 1399: 1394: 1388: 1387: 1385: 1378: 1375: 1370: 1364: 1363: 1360: 1357: 1354: 1351: 1350:Name of forest 1343: 1342: 1322: 1320: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1294: 1278:(or sher) wood 1258:, the site of 1236:Main article: 1233: 1230: 1198:Main article: 1195: 1192: 1167:Main article: 1161:Main article: 1158: 1155: 1144:. The sale of 1124:Forest of Dean 1122:Main article: 1119: 1118:Forest of Dean 1116: 1112:Windsor Castle 1103: 1100: 1056:Forest of Dean 1019: 1016: 948: 947: 941: 940: 937: 934: 933: 928: 922: 921: 917: 916: 913: 909: 908: 905: 899: 898: 894: 893: 887: 881: 880: 877: 871: 870: 865: 857: 856: 852: 851: 841: 833: 830: 786: 783: 763:Main article: 760: 757: 756: 755: 748: 733: 730: 727: 692:Main article: 689: 686: 660: 657: 640: 637: 625:Forest of Dean 621: 620: 606: 583: 577: 546: 543: 488: 485: 447: 444: 320: 317: 281: 278: 256:Marshlands in 225:Clay Vale. In 223:Upper Jurassic 211: 208: 22: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5938: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5904: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5892: 5889: 5888: 5886: 5877: 5874: 5872: 5869: 5867: 5864: 5860: 5859: 5853: 5848: 5844: 5843: 5837: 5832: 5830: 5827: 5826: 5816:. 0812277600. 5815: 5811: 5807: 5805:0-8122-7760-0 5801: 5797: 5792: 5789: 5785: 5781: 5776: 5772: 5767: 5755: 5751: 5748:. 0520036816. 5747: 5743: 5739: 5737:0-520-03681-6 5733: 5729: 5724: 5720: 5715: 5711: 5705: 5701: 5697: 5693: 5690: 5686: 5682: 5677: 5665: 5661: 5657: 5653: 5649: 5645: 5644: 5639: 5634: 5630: 5626: 5621: 5618: 5614: 5610: 5606: 5602: 5597: 5593: 5592: 5587: 5586:Manwood, John 5583: 5579: 5575: 5571: 5567: 5563: 5559: 5555: 5551: 5543: 5539: 5538: 5532: 5528: 5524: 5520: 5516: 5511: 5499: 5495: 5491: 5487: 5483: 5479: 5475: 5471: 5467: 5466: 5461: 5457: 5445: 5441: 5436: 5432: 5428: 5424: 5422:0-86299-781-X 5418: 5414: 5409: 5405: 5401: 5397: 5392: 5388: 5384: 5383: 5378: 5374: 5370: 5365: 5361: 5357: 5356: 5351: 5350:"Bloody hand" 5347: 5342: 5341:public domain 5333: 5329: 5323: 5319: 5318: 5312: 5300: 5296: 5291: 5280: 5279: 5271: 5267: 5263: 5259: 5255: 5251: 5239: 5234: 5230: 5226: 5221: 5217: 5213: 5209: 5205: 5201: 5197: 5192: 5188: 5183: 5182: 5170: 5165: 5159: 5154: 5147: 5142: 5135: 5130: 5124: 5119: 5113:, p. 229 5112: 5107: 5105: 5103: 5101: 5099: 5097: 5095: 5093: 5091: 5084:, p. 228 5083: 5078: 5076: 5074: 5072: 5070: 5068: 5066: 5064: 5062: 5060: 5058: 5050: 5045: 5039:, p. 227 5038: 5033: 5031: 5029: 5027: 5025: 5023: 5021: 5019: 5017: 5015: 5013: 5006: 5001: 4995: 4990: 4981: 4974: 4969: 4963:, p. 226 4962: 4957: 4955: 4953: 4951: 4949: 4947: 4945: 4943: 4941: 4939: 4937: 4929: 4924: 4918:, p. 225 4917: 4912: 4910: 4908: 4906: 4904: 4902: 4900: 4898: 4896: 4894: 4892: 4890: 4888: 4880: 4875: 4869:, p. 224 4868: 4863: 4861: 4859: 4857: 4855: 4853: 4851: 4849: 4847: 4845: 4843: 4841: 4839: 4837: 4835: 4828: 4823: 4817:Grant, p. 223 4814: 4812: 4810: 4808: 4806: 4804: 4802: 4800: 4798: 4796: 4789: 4784: 4777: 4772: 4765: 4760: 4758: 4756: 4754: 4752: 4750: 4748: 4746: 4744: 4742: 4740: 4738: 4731: 4727: 4722: 4720: 4712: 4707: 4705: 4703: 4701: 4699: 4697: 4695: 4693: 4691: 4689: 4687: 4685: 4678: 4673: 4667: 4662: 4656: 4651: 4645: 4644:Martin (2017) 4640: 4633: 4628: 4622:, p. 164 4621: 4616: 4610: 4605: 4598: 4593: 4591: 4583: 4578: 4576: 4566: 4560: 4555: 4553: 4546:, p. 349 4545: 4540: 4531: 4524: 4520: 4516: 4510: 4504: 4499: 4493: 4488: 4481: 4480:Samson (2012) 4476: 4470: 4465: 4458: 4453: 4446: 4441: 4439: 4437: 4435: 4427: 4422: 4420: 4418: 4416: 4414: 4412: 4410: 4408: 4406: 4404: 4402: 4400: 4398: 4396: 4394: 4392: 4390: 4388: 4386: 4384: 4382: 4380: 4378: 4376: 4374: 4372: 4370: 4368: 4366: 4364: 4362: 4360: 4358: 4356: 4354: 4347: 4342: 4335: 4330: 4324: 4319: 4312: 4307: 4305: 4303: 4296: 4291: 4285: 4280: 4274: 4269: 4265: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4235:Perambulation 4233: 4231: 4228: 4226: 4223: 4221: 4218: 4216: 4213: 4211: 4208: 4207: 4197: 4195: 4191: 4189: 4187: 4183: 4178: 4176: 4172: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4151: 4149: 4146: 4144: 4141: 4140: 4136: 4133: 4130: 4127: 4124: 4123: 4120: 4118: 4104: 4102: 4100: 4098: 4095: 4093: 4092:Yardley Chase 4090: 4089: 4086: 4083: 4081: 4079: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4067: 4066: 4062: 4060: 4057: 4054: 4051: 4048: 4047: 4043: 4040: 4036: 4033:) (including 4032: 4028: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4018: 4015: 4014: 4010: 4008: 4005: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3982: 3979: 3978: 3974: 3972: 3970: 3967: 3965: 3962: 3961: 3958: 3956: 3953: 3950: 3948: 3945: 3944: 3940: 3938: 3935: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3924: 3923: 3920: 3918: 3914: 3912: 3910: 3907: 3905: 3902: 3901: 3898: 3896: 3892: 3889: 3887: 3886:Herefordshire 3884: 3882: 3879: 3878: 3875: 3873: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3864: 3861: 3860: 3857: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3846: 3843: 3840: 3839: 3836: 3834: 3832: 3830: 3827: 3824: 3823: 3820: 3818: 3816: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3806: 3805: 3802: 3800: 3798: 3795: 3792: 3789: 3788: 3785: 3783: 3781: 3778: 3776: 3773: 3772: 3768: 3766: 3762: 3760: 3757: 3754: 3751: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3741: 3739: 3736: 3734: 3731: 3730: 3726: 3723: 3719: 3716: 3714: 3711: 3709: 3706: 3705: 3701: 3699: 3696: 3693: 3691: 3688: 3687: 3684: 3682: 3678: 3675: 3672: 3670: 3667: 3666: 3663: 3660: 3656: 3653: 3651: 3648: 3646: 3643: 3642: 3638: 3636: 3633: 3631: 3627: 3624: 3622: 3621:Salcey Forest 3619: 3618: 3615: 3613: 3610: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3599: 3596: 3594: 3590: 3587: 3584: 3581: 3577: 3574: 3573: 3570: 3568: 3566: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3555: 3551: 3548: 3544: 3540: 3536: 3533: 3531: 3528: 3526: 3523: 3522: 3519: 3517: 3513: 3510: 3508: 3505: 3503: 3500: 3499: 3496: 3493: 3489: 3487: 3485: 3482: 3480: 3477: 3476: 3472: 3470: 3467: 3465: 3462: 3459: 3456: 3455: 3452: 3450: 3448: 3446: 3443: 3441: 3438: 3437: 3434: 3432: 3428: 3426: 3424: 3421: 3420: 3416: 3414: 3411: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3401: 3400: 3397: 3395: 3391: 3387: 3384: 3381: 3379: 3378:Pamber Forest 3376: 3375: 3372: 3370: 3368: 3366: 3362: 3359: 3356: 3355: 3352: 3350: 3347: 3344: 3342: 3339: 3338: 3335: 3333: 3331: 3329: 3326: 3324: 3321: 3320: 3316: 3314: 3311: 3309: 3306: 3304: 3300: 3297: 3296: 3293: 3291: 3288: 3286: 3283: 3281: 3278: 3277: 3274: 3272: 3270: 3267: 3265: 3262: 3261: 3258: 3256: 3253: 3251:Staffordshire 3250: 3248: 3245: 3244: 3240: 3237: 3234: 3231: 3229: 3226: 3225: 3222: 3220: 3217: 3214: 3211: 3208: 3207: 3204: 3201: 3197: 3195: 3192: 3191:Staffordshire 3189: 3187: 3184: 3183: 3179: 3176: 3174: 3171: 3169: 3166: 3165: 3162: 3160: 3157: 3155: 3154:Hertfordshire 3151: 3148: 3146: 3143: 3142: 3139: 3137: 3133: 3131: 3128: 3125: 3122: 3121: 3117: 3115: 3112: 3109: 3106: 3102: 3099: 3098: 3095: 3092: 3089: 3087: 3084: 3082: 3079: 3078: 3075: 3072: 3069: 3066: 3064: 3061: 3059: 3056: 3055: 3051: 3048: 3045: 3043: 3040: 3038: 3037:Malvern Chase 3035: 3034: 3030: 3027: 3024: 3022: 3019: 3017: 3014: 3013: 3010: 3008: 3004: 3002: 2999: 2997: 2994: 2993: 2990: 2988: 2984: 2982: 2980: 2977: 2974: 2973: 2970: 2968: 2965: 2962: 2959: 2956: 2955: 2952: 2950: 2948: 2945: 2942: 2939: 2938: 2934: 2931: 2929: 2926: 2924: 2921: 2920: 2917: 2914: 2911: 2908: 2906: 2903: 2902: 2899: 2897: 2895: 2892: 2890: 2887: 2886: 2883: 2881:Or Leighfield 2880: 2878: 2876: 2873: 2871: 2868: 2867: 2864: 2862: 2860: 2857: 2855: 2852: 2851: 2847: 2845: 2843: 2841: 2837: 2836:Staffordshire 2834: 2832: 2831:Kinver Forest 2829: 2828: 2825: 2823: 2819: 2817: 2815: 2812: 2810:King's Cliffe 2809: 2808: 2805: 2803: 2801: 2799: 2798:Herefordshire 2796: 2794: 2791: 2790: 2787: 2784: 2782: 2780: 2777: 2775: 2772: 2771: 2768: 2766: 2762: 2760: 2758: 2755: 2752: 2749: 2748: 2744: 2741: 2737: 2734: 2732: 2729: 2726: 2724: 2721: 2720: 2717: 2715: 2713: 2711: 2708: 2705: 2704:Isle of Wight 2702: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2693: 2691:Herefordshire 2690: 2688: 2685: 2684: 2681: 2679: 2675: 2673: 2670: 2668: 2665: 2664: 2661: 2654: 2652: 2650: 2647: 2645: 2642: 2641: 2638: 2636: 2634: 2632: 2631:Herefordshire 2629: 2626: 2625: 2622: 2620: 2618: 2615: 2613: 2610: 2609: 2605: 2603: 2601: 2599: 2598:Herefordshire 2596: 2594: 2591: 2590: 2587: 2585: 2581: 2579: 2577: 2574: 2572: 2569: 2568: 2565: 2563: 2560: 2558: 2555: 2552: 2549: 2548: 2544: 2542: 2540: 2538: 2537:Herefordshire 2535: 2533: 2530: 2529: 2526: 2524: 2521: 2519: 2516: 2514: 2511: 2510: 2507: 2505: 2501: 2498: 2496: 2494: 2491: 2490: 2487: 2485: 2483: 2481: 2478: 2476: 2473: 2472: 2469: 2467: 2464: 2461: 2459: 2456: 2455: 2451: 2449: 2446: 2443: 2441: 2438: 2437: 2434: 2432: 2428: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2418: 2415: 2414: 2411: 2409: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2397: 2394: 2392: 2390: 2387: 2384: 2381: 2380: 2377: 2375: 2371: 2369: 2367: 2364: 2361: 2360: 2356: 2353: 2350: 2348: 2344: 2341: 2339: 2336: 2335: 2332: 2330: 2327: 2324: 2321: 2318: 2317: 2313: 2311: 2308: 2306: 2302: 2299: 2296: 2293: 2292: 2288: 2285: 2282: 2280: 2277: 2274: 2273: 2270: 2267: 2264: 2262: 2259: 2257: 2254: 2253: 2250: 2247: 2244: 2242: 2239: 2237: 2233: 2232:Epping Forest 2230: 2229: 2226: 2224: 2222: 2220: 2218: 2215: 2214: 2211: 2208: 2206: 2204: 2201: 2199: 2196: 2195: 2192: 2188: 2185: 2182: 2178: 2175: 2173: 2170: 2168: 2165: 2164: 2160: 2158: 2156: 2154: 2153:Herefordshire 2150: 2147: 2145: 2142: 2141: 2137: 2134: 2130: 2127: 2125: 2122: 2120: 2117: 2116: 2113: 2110: 2107: 2105: 2102: 2100: 2097: 2096: 2093: 2091: 2087: 2085: 2083: 2080: 2078: 2075: 2074: 2071: 2069: 2067: 2065: 2062: 2060: 2056: 2053: 2052: 2049: 2047: 2043: 2040: 2037: 2035: 2032: 2031: 2028: 2026: 2022: 2020: 2018: 2015: 2013: 2010: 2009: 2006: 2003: 1999: 1995: 1992: 1990: 1986: 1983: 1981: 1978: 1977: 1973: 1970: 1966: 1963: 1961: 1958: 1956: 1953: 1952: 1949: 1947: 1945: 1942: 1940: 1937: 1936: 1933: 1931: 1929: 1927: 1925: 1922: 1921: 1918: 1915: 1913:1290, in part 1912: 1910: 1909:Staffordshire 1907: 1905: 1904:Cannock Chase 1902: 1901: 1898: 1896: 1892: 1890: 1888: 1885: 1883: 1880: 1879: 1876: 1874: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1866: 1863: 1861: 1857: 1855: 1853: 1850: 1848: 1845: 1844: 1841: 1839: 1835: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1821: 1818: 1816: 1813: 1811: 1807: 1806:Staffordshire 1804: 1801: 1798: 1797: 1793: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1776: 1774: 1771: 1768: 1765: 1764: 1761: 1759: 1757: 1755: 1751: 1748: 1746: 1743: 1742: 1739: 1737: 1735: 1733: 1730: 1727: 1724: 1723: 1720: 1718: 1714: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1705: 1702: 1701: 1697: 1695: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1685: 1682: 1681: 1677: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1660: 1656: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1643: 1641: 1638: 1636: 1633: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1615: 1611: 1609: 1606: 1604: 1601: 1598: 1597: 1593: 1591: 1588: 1586: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1573: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1556: 1555: 1552: 1550: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1539: 1535: 1533: 1529: 1527: 1525: 1522: 1520: 1517: 1516: 1513: 1511: 1509: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1500: 1497: 1495: 1492: 1490: 1489:Herefordshire 1487: 1484: 1483: 1480: 1478: 1476: 1474: 1471: 1468: 1467: 1464: 1462: 1459: 1457: 1454: 1451: 1450: 1447: 1445: 1443: 1441: 1438: 1435: 1432: 1431: 1427: 1425: 1422: 1420: 1417: 1415: 1411: 1408: 1407: 1404: 1402: 1400: 1398: 1395: 1393: 1390: 1389: 1386: 1383: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1373:Herefordshire 1371: 1369: 1366: 1365: 1361: 1358: 1355: 1352: 1349: 1348: 1339: 1330: 1326: 1323:This list is 1321: 1314: 1313: 1307: 1293: 1291: 1290:Domesday Book 1287: 1283: 1282:River Erewash 1279: 1277: 1272: 1268: 1263: 1261: 1260:Thoresby Hall 1257: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1239: 1229: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1201: 1191: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1170: 1164: 1163:Epping Forest 1154: 1152: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1125: 1113: 1108: 1099: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1080: 1078: 1074: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1060:Epping Forest 1057: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1032: 1029: 1025: 1015: 1013: 1009: 1004: 1000: 997: 992: 988: 986: 982: 977: 975: 969: 967: 963: 959: 955: 946: 942: 935: 932: 929: 927: 923: 918: 914: 910: 907:7 August 1641 906: 904: 900: 895: 891: 888: 886: 882: 878: 876: 872: 868: 858: 853: 846: 839: 829: 826: 824: 820: 816: 812: 808: 803: 800: 799:Domesday Book 796: 792: 782: 780: 776: 772: 766: 753: 749: 746: 742: 738: 734: 731: 728: 725: 721: 717: 716: 715: 713: 708: 704: 700: 695: 685: 683: 679: 678:William Rufus 675: 674: 669: 665: 656: 654: 650: 646: 636: 634: 630: 626: 618: 614: 610: 607: 604: 600: 596: 591: 587: 584: 581: 578: 574: 570: 566: 562: 559: 558: 557: 555: 554:forest courts 551: 542: 540: 536: 531: 529: 524: 522: 518: 514: 509: 505: 500: 498: 494: 484: 482: 478: 474: 473: 468: 467: 462: 461: 456: 455: 443: 441: 437: 436:Disafforested 433: 431: 430: 425: 424: 419: 415: 414: 409: 404: 401: 397: 393: 389: 385: 381: 377: 373: 369: 365: 361: 358:, namely the 357: 353: 349: 345: 341: 337: 333: 328: 326: 316: 314: 310: 306: 302: 298: 291: 286: 277: 275: 271: 267: 263: 259: 254: 252: 248: 244: 240: 236: 232: 228: 224: 220: 215: 207: 205: 201: 197: 193: 189: 184: 182: 177: 173: 169: 165: 161: 160:Afforestation 157: 155: 151: 147: 143: 139: 135: 131: 130:hunting areas 127: 123: 119: 115: 111: 107: 103: 99: 95: 90: 88: 84: 80: 75: 71: 67: 63: 59: 55: 51: 47: 43: 35: 30: 26: 19: 5856: 5840: 5795: 5779: 5770: 5758:. Retrieved 5727: 5721:. p. 6. 5718: 5699: 5680: 5668:. Retrieved 5655: 5641: 5629:the original 5600: 5590: 5578:the original 5565: 5554:the original 5547:As cited by 5536: 5518: 5514: 5502:. Retrieved 5498:the original 5494:defra.gov.uk 5493: 5481: 5470:the original 5463: 5448:. Retrieved 5444:the original 5412: 5403: 5395: 5381: 5360:the original 5353: 5316: 5303:. Retrieved 5298: 5282:. Retrieved 5276: 5262:the original 5242:. Retrieved 5228: 5199: 5195: 5186: 5178:Bibliography 5164: 5153: 5141: 5129: 5118: 5111:Grant (1991) 5082:Grant (1991) 5049:Grant (1991) 5044: 5037:Grant (1991) 5000: 4989: 4980: 4968: 4961:Grant (1991) 4928:Sharp (1980) 4923: 4916:Grant (1991) 4879:Sharp (1980) 4874: 4867:Grant (1991) 4822: 4783: 4776:Sharp (1980) 4771: 4764:Grant (1991) 4711:Grant (1991) 4672: 4661: 4650: 4639: 4627: 4620:Sharp (1980) 4615: 4609:Sharp (1980) 4604: 4597:Sharp (1980) 4584:, p. 56 4582:Sharp (1980) 4565: 4539: 4530: 4509: 4498: 4487: 4475: 4464: 4452: 4445:Grant (1991) 4426:Grant (1991) 4346:Young (1979) 4341: 4334:Grant (1991) 4329: 4318: 4290: 4279: 4273:Darby (1986) 4268: 4196:, oak trees 4192: 4179: 4168: 4114: 3168:Morfe Forest 3073:is a remnant 2985:Part of the 2889:Langwith Hay 2745:Marsh, fens 2728:Lincolnshire 2584:Essex Forest 2504:Essex Forest 2347:Warwickshire 2275:Essex, north 1980:Chute Forest 1561:Bedfordshire 1557:Bedfordshire 1333: 1274: 1264: 1241: 1203: 1172: 1138:Speech House 1127: 1081: 1077:shipbuilding 1033: 1021: 1005: 1001: 993: 989: 978: 970: 962:Robert Cecil 954:Tudor period 951: 903:Royal assent 827: 804: 791:perambulated 788: 768: 741:King Richard 719: 711: 697: 671: 662: 642: 622: 612: 608: 589: 585: 579: 568: 564: 560: 553: 548: 538: 532: 525: 512: 501: 490: 470: 464: 458: 452: 449: 434: 427: 421: 411: 407: 405: 329: 327:(the game). 322: 305:game animals 295: 289: 258:Lincolnshire 255: 231:River Severn 227:the Midlands 216: 213: 185: 158: 125: 105: 97: 91: 73: 45: 42:royal forest 41: 39: 25: 5760:11 February 5305:24 December 5202:: 140–172. 5146:Ball (1926) 5123:Ball (1926) 4973:Lees (1877) 4515:short title 4503:Magna Carta 4482:, p. 6 4459:, Chapter 1 4447:, p. 6 4428:, p. 5 4336:, Chapter 1 4311:Loyn (1991) 4188:(1315–18). 4069:Wyre Forest 4055:Oxfordshire 3985:Oxfordshire 3893:Granted to 3758:Oxfordshire 3514:Granted to 3390:John Waller 3388:Granted to 2923:Long Forest 2131:Annexed to 2082:Oxfordshire 2012:Cirencester 1668:Oxfordshire 1575:Bere Forest 1485:Archenfield 1336:August 2008 1288:. When the 996:Skimmington 926:Repealed by 915:1 July 1971 823:River Trent 712:Magna Carta 699:Magna Carta 694:Magna Carta 688:Magna Carta 481:purpresture 408:purpresture 368:fallow deer 235:Oxfordshire 181:Middle Ages 168:Norman yoke 134:aristocracy 114:fallow deer 87:Merovingian 83:Carolingian 72:. The term 54:silva regis 5885:Categories 5562:Loyn, H.R. 5450:8 February 5284:9 February 4256:References 4215:Crown land 4078:Shropshire 4035:Wellington 4023:Shropshire 3868:Lancashire 3829:Shropshire 3763:Including 3744:Bridgnorth 3737:Shropshire 3722:Robin Hood 3563:Lancashire 3547:Geddington 3537:Including 3492:Powerstock 3445:Lancashire 3408:Derbyshire 3228:New Forest 3172:Shropshire 3105:Chippenham 3046:1632, 1676 2987:New Forest 2963:Lancashire 2946:Shropshire 2927:Shropshire 2671:Cumberland 2480:Shropshire 2417:Geddington 2383:Freemantle 2203:Derbyshire 2064:Shropshire 2017:Gloucester 1955:Chippenham 1939:Chelmsford 1887:Cumberland 1810:Shropshire 1750:Lancashire 1732:Derbyshire 1647:Including 1440:Cumberland 1410:Alice Holt 1397:Lancashire 1392:Accrington 1380:360 acres 1377:1216, part 1325:incomplete 1256:Edwinstowe 1200:New Forest 1194:New Forest 1184:injunction 1180:open space 1142:Freeminers 1134:ironmaking 1044:New Forest 1028:New Forest 875:Long title 836:See also: 815:Henry VIII 807:Richard II 737:King Henry 649:common law 643:Since the 633:New Forest 550:Blackstone 517:bailiwicks 301:common law 280:Forest law 270:Derbyshire 219:South West 202:and other 176:H. R. Loyn 164:New Forest 5788:13502647M 5689:19197766M 5617:20449254M 5244:22 August 4169:In 1282, 4097:Northants 4039:Wombridge 4002:Hampshire 3931:Berkshire 3813:Yorkshire 3779:Yorkshire 3607:Yorkshire 3539:Brigstock 3458:Pickering 3412:1639–1674 3382:Hampshire 3345:Yorkshire 3299:Ombersley 3232:Hampshire 3150:Middlesex 3110:Wiltshire 3090:1577–1614 3086:Wiltshire 2979:Hampshire 2941:Long Mynd 2893:Yorkshire 2858:Yorkshire 2774:Kingswood 2765:Kingswood 2710:Hampshire 2678:Allerdale 2553:, Rape of 2518:Yorkshire 2513:Hartforth 2475:Haughmond 2462:Wiltshire 2404:Yorkshire 2388:Hampshire 2374:Kingswood 2325:Yorkshire 2187:Sandstone 2055:Claverley 2038:Wiltshire 2023:Possibly 1996:Included 1989:Wiltshire 1985:Hampshire 1960:Wiltshire 1824:Brigstock 1773:Wiltshire 1754:Yorkshire 1709:Wiltshire 1704:Blackmore 1621:Berkshire 1617:Berkshire 1603:Hampshire 1581:Hampshire 1541:Becontree 1434:Allerdale 1419:Hampshire 1052:Berkshire 1048:Hampshire 1008:16 Cha. 1 985:Charles I 890:16 Cha. 1 811:Henry VII 771:Henry III 745:Crusaders 664:William I 635:in 1877. 590:Sweinmote 586:Swainmote 539:regarders 535:surveyors 528:serjeants 513:woodwards 504:foresters 497:verderers 472:agistment 423:agistment 413:assarting 396:partridge 247:Hampshire 192:grassland 122:wild boar 46:kingswood 5814:4747090M 5746:4742314M 5698:(1990). 5670:17 March 5609:67402678 5564:(1991). 5527:25508042 5431:1878197M 5136:, Part 1 5134:Falkiner 4492:Henry II 4261:Specific 4250:Verderer 4204:See also 4182:Edward I 4143:Glencree 4050:Wychwood 3951:Cheshire 3881:Treville 3808:Spaunton 3796:Somerset 3791:Somerton 3753:Shotover 3659:Withcote 3429:Part of 3303:Horewell 3268:Somerset 3215:Somerset 3202:; Chase? 3129:Somerset 3101:Melksham 3063:Cheshire 3000:Cheshire 2958:Lonsdale 2820:Part of 2757:Somerset 2751:Keynsham 2551:Hastings 2532:Harewood 2502:Part of 2493:Hainault 2429:Part of 2372:Part of 2366:Somerset 2320:Farndale 2305:Somerset 2234:part of 2191:wetlands 2172:Cheshire 2167:Delamere 2119:Dartmoor 2104:Cornwall 2099:Cornwall 2090:Wychwood 2077:Cornbury 2059:Worfield 2002:Digerley 1882:Carlisle 1858:Part of 1836:Part of 1726:Bolsover 1717:Melksham 1653:Panshill 1530:Part of 1469:Alveston 1382:assarted 1368:Aconbury 1284:and the 1146:cordwood 1130:charcoal 1068:Wychwood 912:Repealed 885:Citation 795:Henry II 779:Edward I 724:sureties 682:Henry II 645:conquest 595:agisters 573:attached 569:Woodmote 508:agisters 495:and the 487:Officers 440:purlieus 400:mastiffs 392:pheasant 376:roe deer 370:), fox, 319:Offences 262:Dartmoor 172:peasants 150:Henry II 118:roe deer 66:Scotland 5861:. 1920. 5845:. 1906. 5504:14 June 5343:: 5216:3678331 4161:Chester 4152:c. 1315 4148:Wicklow 4111:Ireland 3863:Trawden 3844:, south 3775:Skipton 3765:Stowood 3697:1627–29 3657:Except 3602:Ryedale 3578:, with 3502:Purbeck 3422:Penchet 3218:1627–29 3210:Neroche 3136:Cheddar 3081:Melchet 2975:Linwood 2875:Rutland 2793:Kilpeck 2627:Horwood 2561:1206–07 2400:Galtres 2362:Filwood 2351:1622–31 2025:Braydon 2004:Forests 1998:Finkley 1993:1639–61 1964:1618–23 1800:Brewood 1745:Bowland 1519:Bagshot 1502:Ashurst 1452:Alnwick 1301:England 1244:Ice Age 1212:of the 1003:Chase. 958:James I 952:By the 892:. c. 16 703:charter 668:blinded 639:History 521:rangers 466:turbary 460:pannage 454:estover 429:pannage 334:as the 332:Manwood 325:venison 217:In the 196:wetland 138:Normans 106:venison 102:venison 70:Ireland 58:England 5812: 5802: 5786: 5744: 5734: 5706: 5687: 5615: 5607: 5525: 5429: 5419: 5324: 5214: 4194:Podzol 4165:Dalkey 4128:County 4052:Forest 4019:Forest 4017:Wrekin 3848:Surrey 3842:Surrey 3793:Warren 3755:Forest 3661:, 1627 3645:Sauvey 3582:Forest 3580:Sauvey 3543:Cliffe 3507:Dorset 3484:Dorset 3460:Forest 3440:Pendle 3212:Forest 3193:, east 3126:Forest 3124:Mendip 3107:Forest 2763:Alias 2753:Forest 2706:Forest 2557:Sussex 2444:Dorset 2385:Forest 2322:Forest 2297:Forest 2295:Exmoor 1969:Bowood 1802:Forest 1782:Minety 1728:Forest 1715:Alias 1689:Dorset 1585:Dorset 1524:Surrey 1506:Sussex 1436:Forest 1353:County 1269:named 1066:, and 1054:, the 1012:Selden 981:assart 701:, the 599:swains 545:Courts 477:assart 394:, and 382:: the 380:warren 374:, and 372:marten 292:(1387) 266:Exmoor 251:Surrey 124:. And 116:, the 74:forest 34:Exmoor 5523:JSTOR 5273:(PDF) 5231:(6). 5212:JSTOR 4134:Notes 3909:Essex 3490:(see 3328:Essex 3323:Ongar 2576:Essex 2465:1500s 2301:Devon 2279:Essex 2261:Essex 2241:Essex 2124:Devon 1943:Essex 1847:Brill 1790:riots 1649:Brill 1545:Essex 1359:Notes 1276:shire 1094:(now 897:Dates 603:swine 576:seat. 388:coney 356:chase 188:heath 146:Essex 98:foris 62:Wales 50:Latin 5800:ISBN 5762:2008 5732:ISBN 5704:ISBN 5672:2013 5605:OCLC 5506:2014 5452:2007 5417:ISBN 5322:ISBN 5307:2017 5286:2023 5246:2012 4155:Sir 4076:and 4058:1853 4037:and 4006:1855 3954:1376 3936:1813 3890:1230 3852:1191 3717:1818 3676:1550 3654:1236 3634:1825 3628:and 3611:1204 3588:1398 3511:1550 3468:1639 3403:Peak 3392:and 3385:1614 3348:1234 3312:1229 3301:and 3289:1280 3254:1204 3235:1877 3158:1218 3113:1623 3103:and 3067:1812 3025:1290 3005:See 2966:1267 2912:1628 2735:1230 2731:Fens 2694:1251 2659:13th 2522:1203 2499:1851 2447:1625 2426:1676 2407:1629 2345:and 2328:1209 2309:1815 2303:and 2283:1204 2265:1204 2245:1878 2176:1812 2151:and 2144:Dean 2135:1337 2128:1204 2108:1204 2057:and 2000:and 1987:and 1833:1638 1814:1204 1777:1630 1752:and 1693:1277 1672:1622 1651:and 1644:1622 1625:1227 1607:1810 1583:and 1493:1251 1460:1280 1423:1812 1412:and 1132:for 1075:for 964:and 613:eyre 479:and 426:and 384:hare 362:and 360:buck 352:wolf 350:and 348:hare 344:boar 340:hind 338:and 336:hart 264:and 241:and 204:game 200:deer 194:and 126:vert 112:and 85:and 68:and 5233:doi 5204:doi 2870:Lee 2088:Or 1893:or 1808:or 1331:. 1222:Act 1098:). 1073:oak 752:fee 714:): 611:or 588:or 567:or 364:doe 110:red 92:In 5887:: 5855:. 5839:. 5810:OL 5808:. 5784:OL 5742:OL 5740:. 5685:OL 5654:. 5640:. 5613:OL 5611:, 5517:. 5492:. 5480:. 5462:. 5427:OL 5425:. 5385:. 5379:. 5352:. 5297:. 5275:. 5256:. 5227:. 5210:. 5198:. 5089:^ 5056:^ 5011:^ 4935:^ 4886:^ 4833:^ 4794:^ 4736:^ 4728:, 4718:^ 4683:^ 4589:^ 4574:^ 4551:^ 4433:^ 4352:^ 4301:^ 4119:. 3545:, 3541:, 1262:. 1228:. 1153:. 825:. 684:. 655:. 499:. 483:. 410:, 390:, 386:, 346:, 272:. 190:, 120:, 64:, 60:, 52:: 40:A 5764:. 5712:. 5674:. 5658:. 5646:. 5594:. 5529:. 5519:3 5508:. 5454:. 5433:. 5389:. 5309:. 5288:. 5248:. 5235:: 5218:. 5206:: 5200:4 4525:. 3724:. 3494:) 2657:C 1338:) 1334:( 366:( 48:( 20:.

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