537:. The church leadership was reluctant to complain about state interference if it meant losing any of its "privileges", which included travel to conferences abroad by 1980. The international Adventist community, which has given careful attention to its churches in Romania, acquiesced in this posture, seeking to resolve problems as quietly and responsibly as possible, a strategy dating back to the 1930s. Individual members, though, went further sometimes: eight Adventists were arrested in summer 1979 for printing and distributing religious literature; the police stated they had printed 10,000 copies each of fourteen different titles, mainly on state presses. In 1985, Dorel Cataramă was sentenced to fourteen years' imprisonment for theft despite his factory's declaration that no property was missing. By late summer 1986, with four of Bucharest's nine Adventist churches demolished, some strain had come between official church and state (
1666:
517:
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39:
552:
643:, object to oaths, military service, and reportedly marriage, probably because Saint Paul enjoins Christians to abstain from normal marital relations during the end times. They were involved in a confrontation with the Communist state (which declared them illegal in 1948) and the official church, to which they were an obvious embarrassment and whose leaders they felt very strongly were too closely linked with the regime.
466:. By the time Paulini and Demetrescu returned to Romania, the government had expelled Ginter, but the newly trained Romanian Adventists were ready to take his place. Conferences organized beginning in 1907 and the Romanian Union Conference formed in 1919 with about 2,000 members. Starting in 1908 Romanian Adventists had their publications printed by the
548:, a new publishing house opened in 1990 and the Romanian Adventist College of Health in 1991. Despite the wartime and Communist-era difficulties it experienced, Adventism had grown faster in Romania by this time than elsewhere in Europe, reaching some 70,000 members and over 500 church buildings by the early 1990s.
508:
regime closed all
Adventist churches and imprisoned church leaders, but meetings continued in secret. The school (as well as the churches) opened again in 1944 and beginning in 1950 operated under the name Romanian Theological Seminary. Meanwhile, the publishing house closed in 1942, opening again in
532:
in
Transylvania) continued to be well-attended, with catechetical classes held Friday evenings and Saturdays. There were occasional reports of members having difficulties because of their views, but the official community developed a form of accommodation with the state that was on the whole
346:
and 0.5% belonged to other groups. The denomination has 1,185 church buildings and some 340 pastors. It originates in the 19th century and is divided into six local conferences, standing for and named after some of the country's main
588:
627:("Signs of the Times"). Every three months, it emits some 55,000 copies of Bible study guides for adults, youth and children. It also prints theological works, informational pamphlets and school lessons.
635:
A small but related group, the
Reformed Adventists in Romania, originates in a schism brought about in early 20th-century United States. This church spread to Germany and reached Romania during
1816:
330:. At the 2011 census, 85,902 Romanians declared themselves to be Seventh-Day Adventists. The church put its own membership at 62,215 in 2020. Ethnically, in 2002, they were 83.5%
482:, it functioned in semi-legality, sometimes permitted to function and at other times banned. In 1930 there were 7,700 (or 16,100) members, 65 ministers and 290 houses of prayer.
470:
press in
Germany, but in 1920 they established the Adventist Publishing House in Bucharest. Three years later the Romanian Union Training School opened in Bucharest but moved to
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and introduced
Seventh-Day Adventist doctrines into Romania. Among the approximately 12 people he converted was Thomas G. Aslan, who later made contact with
717:
908:
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1826:
513:. Having gained provisional recognition that year, the church was one of the fourteen faiths to gain state recognition in the 1948 Law on Cults.
1580:
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1944 until taken over by the government three years later. In 1946, Adventists found homes for 600 orphans affected by that year's famine in
404:
1728:
662:
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106:
855:
Christianity under Stress. Vol. III: Protestantism and
Politics in Eastern Europe and Russia: The Communist and Postcommunist Eras
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in 1904 and soon converted several individuals, among them Peter
Paulini (a medical student) and Ștefan Demetrescu (a
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866:
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814:
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38:
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Comunicat de presă privind rezultatele provizorii ale Recensământului Populației și Locuințelor – 2011
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in 1931. The
Conference registered as a religious association in 1928, but during the period of
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confiscated the training school building and completely closed the institution the next year (
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into a church. Eventually these
Adventists settled in Viile Noi, a neighbourhood of
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and helped him prepare a
Romanian-language paper. Visits in the mid-1880s from
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714:"Biserica Adventistă de Ziua a Șaptea" ("The Seventh-day Adventist Church")
595:, three high school-level seminaries and a post-secondary health school at
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had converted to Adventism. Meanwhile, in 1892 Conradi organized several
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Uniunea de Conferințe a Bisericii Adventiste de Ziua a Șaptea din România
28:
Uniunea de Conferințe a Bisericii Adventiste de Ziua a Șaptea din România
786:
Ceaușescu and the Securitate: Coercion and Dissent in Romania, 1965-1989
572:
540:
489:, there were some 13,000 (or 25,000) Adventists in Romania. In 1941, as
1219:
1211:
1116:
62:
459:
392:
1393:
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853:
Earl A. Pope, "Protestantism in Romania", in Sabrina P. Ramet (ed.),
599:. Several associations related to the church operate in Romania: the
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1134:
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368:
323:
152:
623:("The Adventist Courier") and the religious-cultural bimonthly
230:
692:, at the 2002 Census official site; accessed December 28, 2011
665:, at the 2011 census official site; accessed October 28, 2012
352:
84:
1384:
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Romania
1171:
Reformed Presbyterian Church of Central and Eastern Europe
881:
411:, an evangelist, followed these initial contacts. In 1890
326:'s seventh-largest religious body, part of the worldwide
1817:
Protestant denominations established in the 19th century
1280:
Convention of the Hungarian Baptist Churches of Romania
721:
528:, services (some of which were bilingual Romanian and
446:
Johann F. Ginter, an evangelist from Russia, moved to
299:
619:. Its publishing house produces the monthly magazine
639:. Members, who are convinced they are living in the
1646:
Romanian Union Conference of Seventh-day Adventists
1348:
Romanian Union Conference of Seventh-day Adventists
722:
Under-Secretariat for Culture and Religious Affairs
312:
Romanian Union Conference of Seventh-day Adventists
19:
Romanian Union Conference of Seventh-day Adventists
1516:
611:("The Voice of Hope"), broadcasts from Bucharest,
143:Inter-European Division of Seventh-day Adventists
1812:Religious organizations established in the 1860s
1798:
841:Historical Dictionary of Seventh-Day Adventists
26:
1566:Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession
1502:
1143:Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession
902:
1548:Convention of the Hungarian Baptist Churches
916:
431:Adventists who had recently moved from the
1581:Jehovah's Witnesses Association of Romania
1509:
1495:
1467:
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1456:Communion of Protestant Churches in Europe
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1422:Jehovah's Witnesses Association of Romania
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718:Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs
690:Populația după etnie și religie, pe medii
387:priest who had embraced Adventism in the
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550:
515:
1669:Main religions in the localities (2002)
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1303:Christian Evangelical Church of Romania
1013:Old Calendar Orthodox Church of Romania
809:, p. 166. Duke University Press, 1995,
706:
704:
702:
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601:Adventist Development and Relief Agency
276:Seventh-day Adventist Church of Romania
1827:Seventh-day Adventist Church in Europe
1799:
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727:
176:Str. Erou Iancu Nicolae nr. 38-38 A,
1734:Seventh Day Adventist Reform Movement
1651:Serbian Orthodox Diocese of Timișoara
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1353:Seventh Day Adventist Reform Movement
977:Serbian Orthodox Diocese of Timișoara
890:
695:
1189:Anglican Church of the Resurrection
587:The church runs a university-level
520:Adventists in Romania (2002 census)
13:
1664:
675:Adventist Organizational Directory
14:
1838:
872:
807:Social Currents in Eastern Europe
555:The Adventist church building in
1656:Unitarian Church of Transylvania
1591:Lipovan Orthodox Old-Rite Church
1243:Unitarian Church of Transylvania
995:Lipovan Orthodox Old-Rite Church
546:collapse of the Communist regime
454:officer), who then attended the
37:
820:
589:Adventist Theological Institute
504:). At the end of that year the
1620:Romanian Greek Catholic Church
799:
778:
769:
680:
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653:
43:The Seventh-day Adventist logo
1:
1473:Romanian Evangelical Alliance
1076:Evangelical Church of Romania
833:
788:, p. 229. M.E. Sharpe, 1995,
235:
1719:Old Calendar Orthodox Church
1680:(as a religious association,
1631:Ukrainian Orthodox Vicariate
1596:Pentecostal Union of Romania
1556:Christian Evangelical Church
969:Ukrainian Orthodox Vicariate
724:; accessed December 28, 2011
582:
493:troops entered Romania, the
328:Seventh-day Adventist Church
125:Seventh-day Adventist Church
7:
1612:Armenian Catholic Vicariate
1571:Evangelical Lutheran Church
1148:Evangelical Lutheran Church
501:Romania during World War II
10:
1843:
374:
1778:
1742:
1724:Pentecostal Church of God
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1537:Armenian Apostolic Church
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1035:Armenian Apostolic Church
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843:. Scarecrow Press, 2005,
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1542:Baptist Union of Romania
1274:Baptist Union of Romania
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956:Romanian Orthodox Church
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381:Michał Belina-Czechowski
192:Michał Belina Czechowski
1326:Apostolic Church of God
918:Christianity in Romania
677:; accessed June 4, 2021
631:Associated denomination
605:Adventist Youth Society
571:An Adventist church in
1670:
805:Ramet, Sabrina Petra.
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319:
107:Presbyterian/Episcopal
27:
1786:Irreligion in Romania
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1606:Roman Catholic Church
1107:Roman Catholic Church
1058:Greek Catholic Church
859:Duke University Press
607:. Its radio station,
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535:Communist authorities
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264:Tertiary institutions
95:Seventh-day Adventist
1822:Adventism by country
1743:Not state-recognised
1714:New Apostolic Church
1402:New Apostolic Church
1090:Western Christianity
926:Eastern Christianity
409:Augustin C. Bourdeau
53:Western Christianity
403:, president of the
397:John Nevins Andrews
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1561:Evangelical Church
784:Deletant, Dennis.
621:Curierul Adventist
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533:acceptable to the
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437:Kingdom of Romania
405:General Conference
349:historical regions
285:Curierul Adventist
121:Subdivision of the
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474:in 1926 and then
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882:Official site
879:(in Romanian)
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867:0-8223-1241-7
864:
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849:0-8108-5345-0
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452:Romanian Army
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429:ethnic German
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273:Other name(s)
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214:Congregations
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1770:Zalmoxianism
1699:Baháʼí Faith
1684:denomination
1645:
1471:Part of the
1454:Part of the
1347:
1278:
967:
960:
854:
840:
839:Land, Gary.
822:
806:
801:
785:
780:
775:Pope, p. 175
771:
766:Pope, p. 186
682:
670:
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634:
624:
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586:
544:). With the
538:
523:
498:
487:World War II
484:
445:
417:Transylvania
378:
357:Transylvania
311:
309:
288:
284:
281:Publications
182:Ilfov County
173:Headquarters
139:Associations
25:
1760:Inochentism
1750:Anglicanism
1313:Pentecostal
1257:Evangelical
1126:Magisterial
826:Pope, p.192
744:Land, p.252
637:World War I
557:Lehliu Gară
491:Nazi German
383:, a former
379:In 1868-69
355:, Northern
206:Recognition
131:Conferences
116:Aurel Neațu
69:Orientation
1801:Categories
1682:but not a
1517:Principal
1220:Mennonites
1212:Anabaptist
1117:Protestant
1068:Protestant
834:References
344:Ukrainians
336:Hungarians
63:Protestant
1765:Mormonism
1729:Renovatio
1519:religions
1394:Irvingism
1376:Mormonism
1340:Adventist
1235:Unitarian
1158:Calvinist
861:, 1992.
716:, at the
641:Last Days
617:Timișoara
583:Education
577:Bucharest
530:Hungarian
506:Antonescu
499:see also
495:Wehrmacht
448:Bucharest
441:Constanța
332:Romanians
300:adventist
178:Voluntari
167:Hungarian
113:President
80:Scripture
73:Adventist
1755:Hinduism
1709:Nazarene
1414:Students
1295:Brethren
1293:Plymouth
1225:Nazarene
1181:Anglican
1135:Lutheran
1099:Catholic
1045:Catholic
946:Orthodox
573:Giulești
541:Ceaușima
511:Moldavia
415:entered
365:Muntenia
361:Moldavia
316:Romanian
163:Romanian
159:Language
91:Theology
1704:Harvest
1586:Judaism
1523:Romania
1266:Baptist
1203:Radical
944:Eastern
593:Cernica
468:Hamburg
464:Germany
460:Möckern
435:to the
393:Pitești
375:History
369:Oltenia
342:, 1.4%
338:, 4.9%
334:, 9.7%
324:Romania
231:Pastors
222:Members
188:Founder
153:Romania
1779:Others
948:Church
865:
847:
813:
792:
613:Brașov
597:Brăila
524:Under
476:Brașov
407:, and
225:62,215
198:Origin
149:Region
102:Polity
1576:Islam
1412:Bible
647:Notes
353:Banat
322:) is
248:1,185
217:1,269
85:Bible
863:ISBN
845:ISBN
811:ISBN
790:ISBN
539:see
425:Cluj
367:and
340:Roma
310:The
209:1948
201:1870
49:Type
1521:of
591:at
458:in
302:.ro
238:340
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1462:^
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