598:, where the enemies attacked from a single direction. This made for more challenging gameplay, an aspect Jarvis took pride in. Enemies were assigned to stages in different groups to create themes. Early stages were designed to be relatively simple compared to later ones. The level of difficulty was designed to increase quickly so players would struggle to complete later stages. In retrospect, Jarvis attributes his and DeMar's average player skills to the game's balanced design. Though they made the game as difficult as they could, the high end of their skills ended up being a good challenge for expert players. The graphics were given a simple appearance to avoid a cluttered game screen, and object designs were made distinct from each other to avoid confusion. Black was chosen as the background color to help characters stand out and reduce clutter.
361:, referred to as a "wave", is a single screen populated with a large number of various enemy robots and obstacles; types range from invincible giants to robots that continually manufacture other robots that shoot the protagonist. Coming into contact with an enemy, projectile, or obstacle costs the player one life, but extra lives can be earned at certain point totals. Waves also include human family members who can be rescued to score additional points, but certain robots can either kill them or turn them into enemies. Destroying all vulnerable robots allows the player to progress to the next wave; the cycle continues until all lives are lost.
384:
630:. To further differentiate Enforcers, Jarvis devised the Spheroid enemy as a robot that continually generated Enforcers, rather than have them already on the screen like other enemies. Brains were conceived as robots that could capture humans and brainwash them into enemies called Progs, and also launch cruise missiles that chase the player in a random zigzag pattern, making them difficult to shoot down. DeMar devised the final enemies as a way to further increase the game's difficulty; Tanks that fire projectiles which bounce around the screen, and Quarks as a tank-producing robot.
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characters, and Grunts are simple robots that chase the protagonist by plotting the shortest path to him. Grunts were designed to overwhelm the player with large groups. While testing the game with the new control system and the two enemies, Jarvis and DeMar were impressed by the gameplay's excitement and fun. As a result, they began steadily increasing the number of on-screen enemies to over a hundred to see if more enemies would generate more enjoyment.
39:
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614:, were added to kill the humans on the stage. Though they cannot be destroyed, the developers decided to have the protagonist's projectiles slow the Hulk's movement as a way to help the player. Levitating Enforcers were added as enemies that could shoot back at the main character; Jarvis and DeMar liked the idea of a floating robot and felt it would be easier to animate. A projectile
302:. A two-joystick control scheme was implemented to provide the player with more precise controls, and enemies with different behaviors were added to make the game challenging. Jarvis and DeMar designed the game to instill panic in players by presenting them with conflicting goals and having on-screen projectiles coming from multiple directions.
550:—one of their previous games—was needed to complete the game, and added a human family as a method to motivate players to earn a high score. The rescue aspect also created a situation where players had to constantly reevaluate their situation to choose the optimal action: run from enemies, shoot enemies, or rescue humans. Inspired by
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The initial concept involved a passive main character; the object was to get robots that chased the protagonist to collide with stationary, lethal obstacles. The game was deemed too boring compared to other action titles on the market which led to shooting being added to provide more excitement. The
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Each enemy was designed to exhibit a unique behavior toward the character; random elements were programmed into the enemies' behaviors to make the game more interesting. The first two designed were the simplest: Electrodes and Grunts. Electrodes are stationary objects that are lethal to the in-game
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became popular in the late 1990s. Jarvis attributes the lack of proliferation in the home market to the absence of hardware that offered two side-by-side joysticks. Most 3D games, however, use the dual joystick scheme to control the movement of a character and a camera. Few console games, like the
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to have larger levels, the developers chose a single screen to confine the action. To instill panic in the player, the character was initially placed in the center of the game's action, and had to deal with projectiles coming from multiple directions, as opposed to previous shooting games such as
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used a single joystick to move the on-screen character and a button to fire the weapon, which would shoot in the same direction the character was facing. Jarvis noticed that if the button was held down, the character would remain stationary and the joystick could be used to fire in any direction.
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From 2012 through 2019, the Church Of
Robotron deployed a traveling multimedia installation and performance. Participants played Robotron: 2084 while being assaulted with distracting sensory events including smoke, loud noises, vibrations, and electric shocks. Other elements included live and
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audio engineer, referred to the game as the "pinnacle of interactive game design". Jeff Peters from GearWorks Games praised the playing field as "crisp and clear", and described the strategy and dexterity required to play as a challenge to the senses. He summarized the game as "one of the best
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s gameplay. Authors Rusel DeMaria and Johnny Wilson enjoyed the excitement created by the constant waves of robots and fear of the character dying. They called it one of the more impressive games produced from the 80s and 90s. Author John Vince considered the reward system (saving humans) and
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in
November 2005. This version included high-definition graphics and two-player cooperative multiplayer with one player controlling the movement and another the shooting. Scores were tracked via an online ranking system. In February 2010, however, Microsoft removed it from the service citing
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622:. The developers felt a simple algorithm of shooting directly at the protagonist would be ineffective because the character's constant motion would always result in a miss. Random elements were added to make the projectile more unpredictable; the Enforcer aims at a random location in a ten-
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world developed into the plot. The two noticed, however, that 1984 was approaching, but the state of the real world did not match that of the book. They decided to set the game further in the future, the year 2084, to provide a more realistic timeframe for their version of
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with 40 waves, whereupon the game repeats wave 21 to 40 over and over until the game restarts back to the original wave 1, once the player completes wave 255. In the same year, Larry DeMar provided details on how to trigger the secret copyright message in
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fan, based the
Robotrons on the idea that computers would eventually become advanced entities that helped humans in everyday life. He believed the robots would eventually realize that humans are the cause of the world's problems and revolt against them.
779:'s David Upchurch commented that despite the poor graphics and basic design, the gameplay's simplicity was a strong point. DeMaria and Wilson considered the control scheme a highlight which provided the player a tactical advantage. Owen Linzmayer of
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The game uses a two-joystick control scheme; the left joystick controls the on-screen character's movement, while the right controls the direction the character's weapon fires. Both joysticks allow for an input direction in one of eight ways. Each
519:. Prior to beginning development, Jarvis injured his right hand in an accident—his hand was still in a cast when he returned to work, which prevented him from using a traditional joystick with a button. While in rehabilitation, he thought of
451:), whom Jarvis and DeMar had previously worked for. The game was designed to provide excitement for players; Jarvis described the game as an "athletic experience" derived from a "physical element" in the two-joystick design.
349:. The game is set in the year 2084 in a fictional world where robots ("Robotrons") have taken control of the world and eradicated most of the human race. The main protagonist is called "Robotron Hero" who is a super-powered
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s use of dual joysticks popularized the design among 2D shooting games, and has since been copied by other arcade-style games. The control scheme has appeared in several other titles produced by Midway Games:
428:. Sounds are generated in software, with the same routines as in other Williams games of the era. The game uses a priority scheme to determine which sounds to play on a single channel. A custom
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described it as "one of the greatest control systems of all time". In retrospect, DeMar felt players continued to play the game because the control scheme offered a high level of precision.
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s gameplay is based on presenting the player with conflicting goals: avoid enemy attacks to survive, defeat enemies to progress, and save the family to earn points. It was first inspired by
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Jarvis's contributions to the game's development are often cited among his accolades. Vince considered him one of the originators of "high-action" and "reflex-based" arcade games, citing
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was critically and commercially successful. Praise among critics focused on the game's intense action and control scheme. Though not the first game with a twin joystick control scheme,
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is cited as the game that popularized it. It was ported to numerous home systems - most of which are hampered by the lack of two joysticks - Jarvis used the same control scheme in
860:, also designed by Jarvis, features a similar design—two joysticks used to shoot numerous enemies on a single screen—as well as ideas he intended to include in sequels. In 1991,
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chip generates the on-screen objects and visual effects. It transfers memory faster than the CPU, allowing the game to simultaneously animate a large number of objects.
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recorded sermons, religious pamphlets, and street preaching outside of the events. Events were at the
Toorcamp hacker camp, PDX Makerfaire 2019, and other venues.
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This method of play inspired Jarvis to add a second joystick dedicated to aiming the direction projectiles were shot. Jarvis and DeMar created a prototype using a
392:
Eugene Jarvis (left) and Larry DeMar (right) created the game for
Williams Electronics. The pair drew inspiration from previous games and George Orwell's novel
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1009:, in 1983. The game is set in the same universe and takes place in 2085 in a world overrun by Robotrons. Jarvis planned to develop other sequels, but the
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attached to a control panel. In retrospect, Jarvis considers the design a contradiction that blends "incredible freedom of movement" with ease of use.
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as number 21 on their "Top 50 Games of All Time", commenting that the game was the "most intense interactive entertainment experience ever created".
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halted most video game production for a few years. Williams considered creating a proper sequel in the mid-1980s as well as a film adaptation.
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933:, illustrated that video game enthusiasts were ready for more difficult games with complex controls. Though not the first to implement it,
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listed the arcade and PlayStation versions as number 63 on their "Top 100 Games of All Time", citing the game's relentless peril. In 1999,
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in a cybernetic revolt. The aim is to defeat endless waves of robots, rescue surviving humans, and earn as many points as possible.
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893:, which is heavily inspired by Robotron. Because of its popularity, the game has been referenced in facets of popular culture: the
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and its sequels also use a similar control scheme. The input design was most prominent in arcade games until video games with
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the game themselves, and continually tweaked the designs as the project progressed. Though games at the time began to use
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s gameplay among other games designed by Jarvis. In 2007, IGN listed Eugene Jarvis as a top game designer whose titles (
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The protagonist (center) shoots the robots while dodging their attacks and attempting to rescue the human (top right).
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854:"...the greatest twitch and greed game of all time". The game has also inspired other titles. The 1990 arcade game
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rated the game number two on their list of "Top 25 Arcade Games", citing its simple and addictive design. In 2008,
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In the summer of 2012, Eugene Jarvis wrote a comprehensive evaluation of the
Robotron Enemy Dynamics: the game is
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Williams
Electronics purchased Midway in 1988, and later transferred its games to the Midway Games subsidiary.
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The dual-joystick design was developed by Jarvis, and resulted from two experiences in Jarvis's life: an
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label. Most early conversions did not have a dual joystick and were received less favorably by critics.
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Other enemies were created to add more variety. Large, indestructible Hulks, inspired by an enemy in
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but this project was never released. In 1996, the company released a sequel with 3D graphics titled
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referred to the game as the pinnacle of his career. Shane R. Monroe of RetroGaming Radio called
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listed it as the number eleven arcade game in technical, creative and cultural impact.
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1781:"Hug them to video-game heaven: Who wouldn't fight to save Mommy, Daddy and Mikey?"
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318:(1990). The game is frequently listed as one of Jarvis's best contributions to the
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2696:"Digital Briefs - Industry News - Atari News - Atari & Williams Join Forces"
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magazine ranked the arcade version 52nd on their Top 100 Video Games. In 1996,
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praised the game, exclaiming it to be the best coin-operated game of the year.
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is a shooting game in which a character traverses a maze to shoot robots, and
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3031:"Lego Dimensions delivers a playable video game museum with Midway Arcade"
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1400:
Halcyon Days: Interviews with
Classic Computer and Video Games Programmers
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s design. Twenty years later, Minter released an upgraded version titled
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1729:"The History of Robotron: 2084 - Running Away While Defending Humanoids"
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919:. Players have also competed to obtain the highest score at the game.
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magazine ranked the game 81st on their 100 Best Video Games in 2007.
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in 1982. The game is set in the year 2084 in a fictional world where
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In 2004, Midway Games planned to release a plug and play version of
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has been included in several multi-platform compilations: the 1996
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game in which the player controls the on-screen protagonist from a
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GamesTM Staff (October 2005). "Robotron: 2084 Behind the Scenes".
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38:
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radius around the character, and random acceleration curves the
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The two-joystick control scheme was previously used in Taito's
678:
178:
174:
2449:
Donahoe, Michael (November 2007). "Online Scene: Robocopied".
1643:"Eugene Jarvis on the reality of clones in the games industry"
1620:
Grannell, Craig (March 2009). "The Making of
Robotron: 2084".
1529:
Arcade Fever: The Fan's Guide to The Golden Age of Video Games
1281:
Arcade Fever: The Fan's Guide to The Golden Age of Video Games
792:
The game received praise from industry professionals as well.
353:
error (or mutant) and attempts to save the last human family.
2491:
Retro Gamer Staff (October 2008). "Retro Rated: Commando 3".
623:
498:
shooting elements drew inspiration from the 1978 arcade game
425:
2791:"Midway's Greatest Arcade Hits: Vol. 1 - Overview - allgame"
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as part of a line of TV Games, but this was never released.
2470:
Retro Gamer Staff (April 2008). "Retro Rated: Omega Five".
1870:
Retro Gamer Staff (September 2008). "Top 25 Arcade Games".
999:
has gameplay similar to the original, but with 3D graphics.
922:
Bill
Loguidice and Matt Barton of Gamasutra commented that
2174:"Eugene Jarvis To Receive IGDA Lifetime Achievement Award"
2040:
Linzmayer, Owen (Spring 1983). "Mastering Robotron:2084".
1091:
also launched a website featuring the Shockwave versions.
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praised the freedom of movement afforded by the controls.
16:
This article is about the video game. For other uses, see
2354:
886:
1964:
High Score!: The Illustrated History of Electronic Games
1935:
High Score!: The Illustrated History of Electronic Games
2761:"Williams Arcade's Greatest Hits - Overview - allgame"
2076:. Level/area: Interview Clip 1 – Robotron's Controls.
1019:
and Williams announced plans to develop an update of
2514:"Gamasutra's Best Of 2008: Top 10 Games Of The Year"
2426:"Game Design Essentials: 20 Unusual Control Schemes"
2094:"Question of the Week Responses: Coin-Op Favorites?"
1726:
1722:
1720:
1718:
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720:
Williams sold approximately 19,000 arcade cabinets;
2023:Upchurch, David (February 1992). "Robotron 2084".
804:their favorite arcade game. David Thiel, a former
2702:. Vol. 3, no. 12. Subspace Publishers.
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3128:Williams hardware/software technical information
2725:"ProNews: Williams Makes Jaguar, Ultra 64 Plans"
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2195:
1580:. Level/area: The Inside Story On Robotron 2084.
980:, use two joysticks for movement and attacking.
196:Apple II, Atari 8-bit, 5200, C64, IBM PC, VIC-20
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2637:
2511:
2247:Andrew Rollings and Ernest Adams on Game Design
2058:
1562:
1279:Sellers, John (August 2001). "Robotron: 2084".
2953:"Jeff Vavasour's Video And Computer Game Page"
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2631:
2087:
2085:
2083:
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1926:
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544:The developers felt a rescue theme similar to
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3070:can be played for free in the browser at the
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2150:EDGE presents: The 100 Best Videogames (2007)
1961:
1932:
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1481:
1479:
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1314:"Robotron: 2084 Videogame by Williams (1982)"
963:use this dual control design. The 2003 title
809:examples of game play design and execution".
2896:"Midway Arcade Treasures Web site goes live"
2419:
2417:
2415:
1527:Sellers, John (August 2001). "The Creator".
1426:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1261:"The Giant List of Classic Game Programmers"
897:' song "The Sounds of Science" on the album
618:was devised for Enforcers to simulate enemy
560:, Jarvis and DeMar worked the concept of an
2080:
2042:Creative Computing Video & Arcade Games
1923:
1898:Guinness World Records Gamer's Edition 2008
1727:Loguidice, Bill; Matt Barton (2009-08-04).
1615:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1392:
1254:
1252:
1250:
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844:) have influenced the video game industry.
782:Creative Computing Video & Arcade Games
772:strategic elements as positive components.
3399:Video games developed in the United States
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1989:
1987:
1962:DeMaria, Rusel; Wilson, Johnny L. (2003).
1933:DeMaria, Rusel; Wilson, Johnny L. (2003).
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709:Prior to release, the game was debuted at
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1812:(4). Harris Publications: 30. April 1995.
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713:in Chicago 1982, where video game critic
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2683:. Level/area: The Inside Story On Joust.
2655:. Level/area: Joust 2 Interview Clip #2.
2244:Rollings, Andrew; Adams, Ernest (2003).
2022:
1753:
1699:"MobyGames Quick Search: Robotron: 2084"
1640:
1619:
1245:
991:
435:The game was developed in six months by
329:
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1984:
1884:
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1003:Vid Kidz developed an official sequel,
280:Jarvis and DeMar drew inspiration from
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2818:
2585:"Blaster Videogame by Williams (1983)"
2423:
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669:), while it released the game for the
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1993:
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1342:"Robotron: 2084 - Overview - allgame"
1227:
1183:(1981) as well as Artic Electronics'
3047:from the original on March 24, 2016.
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2396:"Robotron: 2084 High Score Rankings"
2118:
2091:
1489:
907:'s song "Down at the Arcade" on his
1668:"Larry DeMar shows Robotron secret"
1301:
13:
3309:BBC Micro and Acorn Electron games
3173:
3029:Crecente, Brian (March 24, 2016).
2561:"Toorcamp: The Church Of Robotron"
1102:became available for download via
1075:. In 2000, a web-based version of
1045:in 1998,) and personal computers.
14:
3420:
3055:
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2694:Dayes, Albert (October 9, 1994).
2607:
2119:Kent, Steven (2001). "The Fall".
1891:Craig Glenday, ed. (2008-03-11).
1787:. N.Y. Times Service. pp. C9
1641:Grannell, Craig (July 30, 2008).
1258:
889:. In 2017, Soiree Games released
275:robots have turned against humans
3004:Sinclair, Brendan (2010-02-17).
2204:"Top 10 Tuesday: Game Designers"
1893:"Top 100 Arcade Games: Top 20–6"
1339:
1136:
601:
504:, which had previously inspired
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3354:Original Xbox Live Arcade games
3245:Williams Arcade's Greatest Hits
3022:
2997:
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2887:
2855:
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2741:from the original on 2018-07-28
2717:
2706:from the original on 2016-03-03
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2121:Ultimate History of Video Games
2112:
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2026:Advanced Computer Entertainment
2016:
2000:Springer Science+Business Media
1955:
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1772:
1747:
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1496:Ultimate History of Video Games
1454:Springer Science+Business Media
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1153:Williams Arcade's Greatest Hits
1054:Williams Arcade's Greatest Hits
971:three-dimensional (3D) graphics
728:versions were later produced.
2972:Gerstmann, Jeff (2005-12-20).
2845:"Midway Arcade Origins Review"
2610:"Blaster - Overview - allgame"
2559:Evenchick, Eric (2012-08-20).
2512:Gamasutra Staff (2008-12-23).
2298:"I have been a busy ox. Again"
1996:Handbook of Computer Animation
1756:"The Atari 5200 Buyer's Guide"
1450:Handbook of Computer Animation
1441:
1209:
800:' Stephen Riesenberger called
462:Electronics' 1980 arcade game
364:
1:
2951:Vavasour, Jeff (2009-02-16).
2161:. 16 August 2020. p. 44.
1833:. September 1996. p. 48.
1823:"Top 100 Games of All Time".
1779:Collins, Glenn (1982-08-06).
1754:Buchanan, Levi (2008-02-27).
1235:"Atari Lynx - Robotron: 2084"
1202:
1060:Midway's Greatest Arcade Hits
236:1-2 players alternating turns
3374:Video games set in the 2080s
2926:Harris, Craig (2004-02-17).
2894:Kohler, Chris (2004-09-24).
2819:Harris, Craig (2003-08-11).
2737:. January 1995. p. 85.
2377:. Stephen Notley. 2006-03-10
2172:Maragos, Nich (2005-02-17).
1854:. February 1999. p. 78.
1844:"Top 50 Games of All Time".
704:
7:
3359:PlayStation (console) games
2864:"Midway Coming Back At You"
2424:Harris, John (2007-12-06).
2296:Minter, Jeff (2011-02-24).
1970:Professional. p. 339.
1129:
913:album, and the comic strip
490:in which players move text
325:
269:and released in arcades by
10:
3425:
3389:Xbox 360 Live Arcade games
3369:Assembly language software
3294:Atari 8-bit computer games
3006:"Midway XBLA games pulled"
2862:Parker, Sam (2000-05-05).
2092:Hong, Quang (2005-08-05).
1941:Professional. p. 86.
891:Neckbeards: Basement Arena
15:
3404:Multiplayer hotseat games
3215:
3183:
3111:Eurogamer Retrospective:
2821:"Midway Arcade Treasures"
2589:Killer List of Videogames
2452:Electronic Gaming Monthly
2234:, Episode 2008-08-07 3:24
1393:James Hague, ed. (1997).
1318:Killer List of Videogames
1217:"Atari ST Robotron: 2084"
955:. Many shooting games on
816:
232:
220:
184:
132:
122:Judy Bogart (Atari 8-bit)
106:
90:
62:
48:
36:
31:
18:Robotron (disambiguation)
3364:Video games about robots
2351:Song: Down at the Arcade
2202:IGN Staff (2007-07-24).
1159:
1011:video game crash of 1983
645:
343:multidirectional shooter
255:multidirectional shooter
227:Multidirectional shooter
2974:"Robotron: 2084 Review"
2672:Midway Arcade Treasures
2644:Midway Arcade Treasures
2345:(Singer) (April 1984).
2065:Midway Arcade Treasures
1569:Midway Arcade Treasures
1066:Midway Arcade Treasures
620:artificial intelligence
422:central processing unit
3078:Robotron2084 Guidebook
1903:Guinness World Records
1083:(a website related to
1000:
929:s success, along with
796:'s Tony Dormanesh and
759:Guinness World Records
539:Atari 2600 controllers
335:
3324:Dystopian video games
3062:The arcade version of
2700:Atari Explorer Online
1806:"Top 100 Video Games"
1087:). Four years later,
1072:Midway Arcade Origins
995:
977:Jet Li: Rise to Honor
659:Atari 8-bit computers
333:
247:(also referred to as
3384:Williams video games
2540:"CHURCH OF ROBOTRON"
2374:Bob the Angry Flower
2276:"Llamasoft – 16 Bit"
2232:Passenger Seat Radio
1994:Vince, John (2002).
1905:. Guinness. p.
1503:. pp. 220–222.
1493:(2001). "The Fall".
1448:Vince, John (2002).
1287:. pp. 110–111.
916:Bob the Angry Flower
657:to its own systems (
557:Nineteen Eighty-Four
394:Nineteen Eighty-Four
347:top-down perspective
283:Nineteen Eighty-Four
271:Williams Electronics
69:Williams Electronics
3379:Fiction set in 2084
3339:Twin-stick shooters
2928:"Midway's TV Games"
2851:. 14 November 2012.
2759:Weiss, Brett Alan.
1117:is playable in the
1111:permission issues.
988:Remakes and sequels
961:PlayStation Network
535:arcade system board
513:automobile accident
424:that operates at 1M
417:monitor. It uses a
351:genetic engineering
320:video game industry
3329:Midway video games
3314:Commodore 64 games
3279:Arcade video games
3084:2022-07-02 at the
2499:Imagine Publishing
2478:Imagine Publishing
2125:Three Rivers Press
1878:Imagine Publishing
1628:Imagine Publishing
1535:. pp. 52–53.
1501:Three Rivers Press
1144:Video games portal
1001:
687:IBM PC compatibles
336:
298:for the design of
124:David Brown (7800)
3394:ZX Spectrum games
3349:Nintendo 64 games
3254:
3253:
2159:Future Publishing
1916:978-1-904994-21-3
1023:intended for the
1017:Atari Corporation
695:Atari Corporation
577:Jarvis and DeMar
240:
239:
85:Atari Corporation
58:Shadowsoft (Lynx)
3416:
3299:Atari Lynx games
3289:Atari 7800 games
3284:Atari 5200 games
3269:1982 video games
3168:
3161:
3154:
3145:
3144:
3072:Internet Archive
3065:
3049:
3048:
3026:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3016:
3001:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2991:
2982:. Archived from
2969:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2948:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2923:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2913:
2904:. Archived from
2891:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2881:
2872:. Archived from
2859:
2853:
2852:
2841:
2835:
2834:
2832:
2831:
2816:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2806:
2797:. Archived from
2789:All Game Staff.
2786:
2780:
2779:
2777:
2776:
2767:. Archived from
2756:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2746:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2691:
2685:
2684:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2635:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2625:
2616:. Archived from
2605:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2581:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2556:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2546:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2526:
2509:
2503:
2502:
2488:
2482:
2481:
2467:
2461:
2460:
2455:. No. 221.
2446:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2421:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2406:
2392:
2386:
2385:
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2284:
2283:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2241:
2235:
2229:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2210:. Archived from
2199:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2186:
2169:
2163:
2162:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2089:
2078:
2077:
2056:
2050:
2049:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2020:
2014:
2013:
2002:. pp. 1–2.
1991:
1982:
1981:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1930:
1921:
1920:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1867:
1856:
1855:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1820:
1814:
1813:
1802:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1792:
1785:The Windsor Star
1776:
1770:
1769:
1767:
1766:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1741:
1724:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1685:
1676:. Archived from
1664:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1638:
1632:
1631:
1617:
1582:
1581:
1560:
1547:
1546:
1524:
1515:
1514:
1487:
1468:
1467:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1428:
1405:
1404:
1390:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1348:. Archived from
1337:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1310:
1299:
1298:
1276:
1265:
1264:
1256:
1243:
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1225:
1224:
1213:
1197:
1194:
1188:
1169:
1146:
1141:
1140:
1139:
1108:Xbox Live Arcade
957:Xbox Live Arcade
939:
928:
880:
827:
770:
457:
386:
377:
128:Dave Dies (Lynx)
126:Tom Griner (C64)
41:
29:
28:
3424:
3423:
3419:
3418:
3417:
3415:
3414:
3413:
3259:
3258:
3255:
3250:
3211:
3179:
3172:
3121:information on
3086:Wayback Machine
3063:
3058:
3053:
3052:
3027:
3023:
3014:
3012:
3002:
2998:
2989:
2987:
2970:
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2888:
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2860:
2856:
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2817:
2813:
2804:
2802:
2787:
2783:
2774:
2772:
2757:
2753:
2744:
2742:
2733:. No. 66.
2723:
2722:
2718:
2709:
2707:
2692:
2688:
2667:Digital Eclipse
2664:
2660:
2639:Digital Eclipse
2636:
2632:
2623:
2621:
2606:
2602:
2593:
2591:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2569:
2567:
2557:
2553:
2544:
2542:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2524:
2522:
2510:
2506:
2489:
2485:
2468:
2464:
2447:
2443:
2434:
2432:
2422:
2413:
2404:
2402:
2394:
2393:
2389:
2380:
2378:
2369:"Robotron 2083"
2367:
2366:
2362:
2341:
2340:
2336:
2327:
2325:
2317:
2316:
2312:
2303:
2301:
2294:
2290:
2281:
2279:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2262:
2254:. p. 283.
2242:
2238:
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2226:
2217:
2215:
2200:
2193:
2184:
2182:
2170:
2166:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2135:
2127:. p. 219.
2117:
2113:
2104:
2102:
2090:
2081:
2060:Digital Eclipse
2057:
2053:
2038:
2034:
2021:
2017:
2010:
1992:
1985:
1978:
1960:
1956:
1949:
1931:
1924:
1917:
1889:
1885:
1868:
1859:
1850:. No. 50.
1847:Next Generation
1843:
1842:
1838:
1829:. No. 21.
1826:Next Generation
1822:
1821:
1817:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1790:
1788:
1777:
1773:
1764:
1762:
1752:
1748:
1739:
1737:
1725:
1716:
1707:
1705:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1683:
1681:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1651:
1649:
1647:Revert to Saved
1639:
1635:
1618:
1585:
1564:Digital Eclipse
1561:
1550:
1543:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1488:
1471:
1464:
1446:
1442:
1429:
1408:
1403:. Dadgum Games.
1395:"Eugene Jarvis"
1391:
1364:
1355:
1353:
1338:
1331:
1322:
1320:
1312:
1311:
1302:
1295:
1277:
1268:
1257:
1246:
1233:
1232:
1228:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1142:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1120:Lego Dimensions
1085:Adobe Shockwave
1069:, and the 2012
990:
937:
926:
900:Paul's Boutique
878:
825:
819:
798:Electronic Arts
768:
764:Critics lauded
744:Next Generation
738:Next Generation
707:
648:
604:
571:science fiction
488:text-based game
455:
411:raster graphics
400:
399:
398:
397:
389:
388:
387:
379:
378:
367:
328:
212:
207:
202:
197:
192:
127:
125:
123:
121:
117:
113:
99:
83:
79:
75:
71:
57:
44:
27:
26:1982 video game
24:
23:1982 video game
21:
12:
11:
5:
3422:
3412:
3411:
3409:Vid Kidz games
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3304:Atari ST games
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3274:Apple II games
3271:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3248:
3241:
3234:
3227:
3219:
3217:
3213:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3202:
3195:
3192:Robotron: 2084
3187:
3185:
3181:
3180:
3176:Robotron: 2084
3171:
3170:
3163:
3156:
3148:
3142:
3141:
3134:Robotron: 2084
3130:
3125:
3123:Arcade-History
3119:Robotron: 2084
3116:
3113:Robotron: 2084
3108:
3096:
3092:Robotron: 2084
3088:
3074:
3067:Robotron: 2084
3057:
3056:External links
3054:
3051:
3050:
3021:
2996:
2964:
2943:
2918:
2886:
2854:
2836:
2811:
2781:
2751:
2716:
2686:
2669:(2003-11-18).
2658:
2641:(2003-11-18).
2630:
2600:
2576:
2551:
2531:
2504:
2483:
2462:
2441:
2411:
2387:
2360:
2349:New Sensations
2334:
2319:"Soiree Games"
2310:
2288:
2267:
2260:
2236:
2224:
2191:
2164:
2155:United Kingdom
2140:
2133:
2111:
2079:
2062:(2003-11-18).
2051:
2032:
2015:
2008:
1983:
1976:
1966:(2 ed.).
1954:
1947:
1937:(2 ed.).
1922:
1915:
1883:
1857:
1836:
1815:
1797:
1771:
1746:
1714:
1690:
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1633:
1583:
1566:(2003-11-18).
1548:
1541:
1516:
1509:
1469:
1462:
1440:
1437:(36): 146–149.
1406:
1362:
1329:
1300:
1293:
1266:
1259:Hague, James.
1244:
1226:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1198:
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1158:
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1128:
1115:Robotron: 2084
1100:Robotron: 2084
1096:Robotron: 2084
1077:Robotron: 2084
1049:Robotron: 2084
989:
986:
935:Robotron: 2084
910:New Sensations
883:Minotron: 2112
876:Robotron: 2084
823:Robotron: 2084
818:
815:
802:Robotron: 2084
766:Robotron: 2084
706:
703:
701:port in 1991.
655:Robotron: 2084
647:
644:
603:
600:
589:Space Invaders
501:Space Invaders
472:computer game
453:Robotron: 2084
449:WMS Industries
443:, founders of
403:Robotron: 2084
391:
390:
381:
380:
372:
371:
370:
369:
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310:Robotron: 2084
306:Robotron: 2084
300:Robotron: 2084
295:Space Invaders
244:Robotron: 2084
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33:
32:Robotron: 2084
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3117:
3115:
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3109:
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3103:
3102:
3101:Robotron 2084
3099:Time Extend:
3097:
3095:on Coinop.org
3094:
3093:
3089:
3087:
3083:
3080:
3079:
3075:
3073:
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3068:
3060:
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3038:
3037:
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3011:
3007:
3000:
2986:on 2006-11-30
2985:
2981:
2980:
2975:
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2954:
2947:
2933:
2929:
2922:
2908:on 2013-01-02
2907:
2903:
2902:
2897:
2890:
2876:on 2009-08-27
2875:
2871:
2870:
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2858:
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2846:
2840:
2826:
2822:
2815:
2801:on 2009-07-01
2800:
2796:
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2785:
2771:on 2009-07-01
2770:
2766:
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2755:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2731:
2726:
2720:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2690:
2682:
2678:
2677:PlayStation 2
2674:
2673:
2668:
2662:
2654:
2650:
2649:PlayStation 2
2646:
2645:
2640:
2634:
2620:on 2009-07-01
2619:
2615:
2611:
2608:Green, Earl.
2604:
2590:
2586:
2580:
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2555:
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2459:. p. 50.
2458:
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2416:
2401:
2400:Twin Galaxies
2397:
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2350:
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2261:1-59273-001-9
2257:
2253:
2249:
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2240:
2233:
2228:
2214:on 2012-02-14
2213:
2209:
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2196:
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2134:0-7615-3643-4
2130:
2126:
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2100:
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2088:
2086:
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2075:
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2070:PlayStation 2
2067:
2066:
2061:
2055:
2047:
2043:
2036:
2028:
2027:
2019:
2011:
2009:1-85233-564-5
2005:
2001:
1997:
1990:
1988:
1979:
1977:0-07-223172-6
1973:
1969:
1965:
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1352:on 2009-07-01
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1175:
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1124:Midway Arcade
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1081:Shockwave.com
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966:Geometry Wars
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952:Total Carnage
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437:Eugene Jarvis
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108:Programmer(s)
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3009:
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2773:. Retrieved
2769:the original
2754:
2743:. Retrieved
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2719:
2708:. Retrieved
2699:
2689:
2681:Midway Games
2670:
2661:
2653:Midway Games
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2633:
2622:. Retrieved
2618:the original
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2592:. Retrieved
2579:
2568:. Retrieved
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2143:
2120:
2114:
2103:. Retrieved
2097:
2074:Midway Games
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1693:
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1678:the original
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1662:
1650:. Retrieved
1646:
1636:
1621:
1578:Midway Games
1567:
1528:
1494:
1491:Kent, Steven
1449:
1443:
1432:
1399:
1354:. Retrieved
1350:the original
1340:Cook, Brad.
1321:. Retrieved
1280:
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1126:level pack.
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1089:Midway Games
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1025:Atari Jaguar
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895:Beastie Boys
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794:Midway Games
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697:published a
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611:
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167:Commodore 64
118:
72:
64:Publisher(s)
50:Developer(s)
43:Arcade flyer
3206:Robotron 64
3106:Edge-Online
2494:Retro Gamer
2473:Retro Gamer
2323:Soiree.info
2300:. Llamasoft
2278:. Llamasoft
1968:McGraw-Hill
1939:McGraw-Hill
1873:Retro Gamer
1623:Retro Gamer
1221:Atari Mania
1177:(1975) and
1063:, the 2003
1057:, the 2000
1043:Nintendo 64
1039:Robotron 64
1035:PlayStation
974:2004 title
864:released a
862:Jeff Minter
787:Retro Gamer
754:Retro Gamer
715:Bill Kunkel
651:Atari, Inc.
567:Big Brother
441:Larry DeMar
365:Development
263:Larry DeMar
147:Atari 8-bit
134:Platform(s)
115:Larry DeMar
101:Larry DeMar
92:Designer(s)
81:Atari, Inc.
3263:Categories
3199:Robotron X
3015:2011-02-15
2990:2009-03-16
2958:2009-05-01
2937:2009-02-10
2912:2009-03-17
2880:2009-03-20
2830:2009-02-10
2805:2009-03-18
2775:2009-03-18
2745:2018-07-28
2710:2019-04-03
2624:2009-03-17
2594:2009-03-17
2570:2022-12-13
2545:2022-12-13
2525:2009-05-12
2457:Ziff Davis
2435:2009-05-12
2405:2009-07-28
2381:2009-03-16
2328:2019-05-25
2304:2011-03-04
2282:2009-03-16
2252:New Riders
2218:2009-03-16
2185:2009-05-12
2105:2022-03-25
1791:2024-03-24
1765:2009-03-19
1740:2009-10-15
1708:2009-03-17
1684:2015-08-18
1356:2009-02-10
1323:2009-02-10
1203:References
1030:Robotron X
997:Robotron X
689:under its
667:Atari 7800
663:Atari 5200
635:hard-coded
628:trajectory
579:playtested
492:characters
409:sound and
206:Atari 7800
155:Atari 7800
151:Atari 5200
3238:Llamatron
3139:MobyGames
3041:Vox Media
2519:Gamasutra
2430:Gamasutra
2179:Gamasutra
2099:Gamasutra
2029:(53): 77.
1734:Gamasutra
1703:MobyGames
1174:Gun Fight
1104:Microsoft
874:based on
871:Llamatron
866:shareware
731:In 1995,
705:Reception
691:Atarisoft
616:algorithm
583:scrolling
562:Orwellian
405:features
201:BBC Micro
163:BBC Micro
77:Atarisoft
3231:Smash TV
3082:Archived
3045:Archived
3010:GameSpot
2979:GameSpot
2901:GameSpot
2869:GameSpot
2739:Archived
2704:Archived
2565:Hackaday
2343:Lou Reed
2048:(1): 21.
1630:: 44–47.
1239:AtariAge
1130:See also
1021:Robotron
947:Smash TV
931:Defender
924:Robotron
905:Lou Reed
857:Smash TV
852:Robotron
841:Smash TV
831:Defender
806:Gottlieb
777:magazine
749:Robotron
726:cocktail
683:TI-99/4A
671:Apple II
640:Robotron
595:Galaxian
547:Defender
537:and two
531:Stargate
506:Defender
468:and the
445:Vid Kidz
407:monaural
341:is a 2D
339:Robotron
326:Gameplay
315:Smash TV
267:Vid Kidz
250:Robotron
222:Genre(s)
211:Atari ST
159:Atari ST
143:Apple II
55:Vid Kidz
3224:Blaster
3216:Related
3036:Polygon
2849:Ign.com
2795:Allgame
2765:Allgame
2730:GamePro
2614:Allgame
2347:Album:
1673:YouTube
1434:GamesTM
1346:Allgame
1187:(1981).
1041:on the
1006:Blaster
943:Inferno
847:GamesTM
747:listed
653:ported
612:Berzerk
525:Berzerk
521:Berzerk
517:Berzerk
480:Berzerk
465:Berzerk
430:blitter
289:Berzerk
253:) is a
233:Mode(s)
185:Release
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2497:(55).
2476:(49).
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1652:19 May
1626:(60).
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838:, and
817:Legacy
685:, and
679:VIC-20
665:, and
191:Arcade
179:VIC-20
175:IBM PC
139:Arcade
3184:Games
2501:: 89.
2480:: 88.
1880:: 68.
1160:Notes
938:'
927:'
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646:Ports
624:pixel
486:is a
484:Chase
475:Chase
460:Stern
456:'
359:level
214:1991:
209:1987:
204:1986:
199:1985:
194:1983:
189:1982:
119:Ports
73:Ports
2256:ISBN
2129:ISBN
2004:ISBN
1972:ISBN
1943:ISBN
1911:ISBN
1810:Flux
1654:2021
1537:ISBN
1505:ISBN
1458:ISBN
1289:ISBN
1185:Mars
959:and
885:for
811:Edge
733:Flux
724:and
699:Lynx
592:and
439:and
292:and
261:and
216:Lynx
171:Lynx
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775:ACE
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
