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385:. The prosecutor, who had been investigating Auschwitz since 1959, recognized the relatively uncommon name and investigated Rolf's father. His suspicion was correct, and Robert Mulka was arrested in November 1960. He was remanded in custody from then until March 1961, from May until December 1961, from February until October 1964, and then from December 1964.
404:(old ramp) for extermination, respectively occurred and began during his tenure. In the trial, Mulka said the Auschwitz atmosphere disgusted him, stating that "the things that transpired there shocked me from the beginning". When asked to elaborate, he pointed to the striped prisoner uniforms, commenting that his SS colleagues had "no style".
399:
At the time of his trial, Mulka was 69 years old and married with a daughter and two sons. The court noted that he had played a major role in the transformation of
Auschwitz from a concentration camp into an extermination complex from mid-1942, in the planning and construction of the four Birkenau
417:; final doubts cannot be dispelled, however, that he saw to the smooth implementation of extermination operations more out of command loyalty and a misplaced sense of duty, therefore only facilitating and supporting the acts of the main perpetrators.
305:
unit, but was declared only employable at garrisons in the homeland due to illness. As a result, he was deployed to
Auschwitz at the beginning of 1942. After he had led a watch company for a few weeks, the camp commandant's
245:
Mulka remained with this firm (with whom he had completed his training) until 1931. He became independent, but his own import/export companies were by no means swamped with trade. From 1928 to 1934, Mulka joined
370:
In 1945, Mulka set up his own company: Import/Export Agency Robert Mulka. In the spring of 1948, he was arrested and kept in custody because of his SS membership. He was prosecuted and convicted under
411:
After weighing up all of these points, there is indeed a serious suspicion, that the accused, as adjutant, internally approved and willingly supported the mass murder of Jews, and therefore acted in
888:
242:. In 1920, he returned to his hometown, where shortly after taking up work at an agency firm, he was found guilty of receiving stolen property and sentenced to eight months in prison.
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Mulka was found guilty of aiding and abetting the murder of 750 people on at least four occasions, and was sentenced to 14 years in prison. In the conviction, the court noted that:
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in 1935, but was released when the army learned of his criminal record, which in turn thwarted all the efforts he made after the start of the
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In 1960, an attorney from the
Frankfurt Public Prosecutor's office was reading the newspaper, which reported the success of a certain
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in 1940 as member number 7,848,085. Unwilling to begin as a common soldier and work his way up through the ranks, he applied to be a
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1005:
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Mulka's tenure as Höss' adjutant began on 1 July 1942, and came to an end on March 30, 1943, when
Hildegard Bischoff, wife of SS-
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1963:
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prison, and was released in 1968 on compassionate grounds as severely ill, dying the following year in
Hamburg, aged 74.
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317:
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207:, he obtained his secondary school diploma in 1911 and subsequently became a business apprentice at an export agency.
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Mulka subsequently returned to
Hamburg in mid-1943 during the bombing of the city. Later he worked under the
338:. He was briefly arrested, but the proceedings against him were dropped; however, he lost his position as SS-
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796:
362:, but after about a year illness forced his return to Hamburg, where he remained as the war came to an end.
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crematoria and gas chamber complexes, and the selection of arriving transports of Jews on the
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334:(architect of the crematoria and gas chambers), claimed that he made a derogatory mark about
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proceedings, but was exonerated from his original one and a half year prison sentence.
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became ill, and thus Mulka became the chief of staff of the commandant's office at
270:
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The ramp at
Birkenau. Chimneys of Crematoria II and III at the horizon
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command. Early in 1944 he was deployed to an SS sapper school near
307:
269:. There, he trained in the reserves and was eventually promoted to
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Following his application in
September 1939, Mulka joined the
280:
199:
Mulka was the son of a postal assistant. After attending the
1208:
Perpetrators, participants, organizations, and collaborators
252:, which inspired him to be part of the newly strengthened
2765:
International Youth
Meeting Center in Oświęcim/Auschwitz
2626:
636:
426:
He unsuccessfully attempted to commit suicide while in
35:
1962 mugshot of Mulka in custody of the
Hamburg Police
16:
German concentration camp administrator (1895-1969)
2858:People convicted in the Frankfurt Auschwitz trials
2819:
2127:Resistance, victims, documentation and technical
265:(National Federation of German Officers and the
2612:
2112:
1193:
753:
622:
210:In August 1914, he signed up to serve in the
2798:Rescue of Jews by Poles during the Holocaust
191:, making him second in command of the camp.
768:Camps, ghettos, execution sites and attacks
381:, a bronze-medal-winning yachtsman, at the
301:. He worked briefly as company leader of a
2619:
2605:
2119:
2105:
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1186:
760:
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281:SS career and participation in mass murder
29:
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2723:Extraordinary (Soviet) State Commission
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158:(12 April 1895 – 26 April 1969) was an
2820:
2706:Polish, East German, and Soviet trials
2066:Lithuanian Auxiliary Police Battalions
2600:
2100:
1181:
741:
610:
476:
312:Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp
238:and fought against Bolshevism in the
174:(first lieutenant or lieutenant). At
2843:German Army personnel of World War I
439:
2627:Aftermath, trials and commemoration
638:Holocaust in German-occupied Poland
590:Beyond justice: the Auschwitz trial
263:Nationalverband Deutscher Offiziere
13:
2788:Polish Righteous Among the Nations
576:University of North Carolina Press
234:. From 1918 to 1920 he joined the
14:
2874:
2470:Special Prosecution Book – Poland
277:to become an army officer again.
2647:Population transfers (1944–1946)
1696:Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg
107:
88:
2848:Military personnel from Hamburg
2750:Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum
2662:Anti-Jewish violence, 1944–1946
561:
226:, eventually being promoted to
168:(captain) and later demoted to
2838:Baltische Landeswehr personnel
2078:Schutzmannschaft Battalion 118
2054:36th Estonian Police Battalion
1:
2745:Monument to the Ghetto Heroes
2575:Human medical experimentation
433:
293:and successfully joined the
261:He was also a member of the
176:Auschwitz concentration camp
138:Auschwitz Concentration Camp
7:
2780:Righteous Among the Nations
2667:Ministry of Public Security
2046:Belarusian Auxiliary Police
656:Related articles by country
523:"Robert Mulka Kurzportrait"
365:
182:to the camp commandant, SS-
10:
2879:
2692:Frankfurt Auschwitz trials
2074:Ukrainian Auxiliary Police
588:Wittmann, Rebecca. (2005)
395:Frankfurt Auschwitz trials
392:
2778:
2735:
2705:
2684:
2675:
2632:
2596:
2547:
2527:
2488:
2465:Sobibor perpetrator album
2422:
2413:
2348:
2317:
2310:
2224:
2183:
2132:
2096:
2050:Estonian Auxiliary Police
2032:
1976:
1951:
1815:
1808:
1709:
1653:
1595:
1537:
1366:
1220:
1213:
1177:
1160:Human medical experiments
1142:
1004:
962:
901:
834:
782:
773:
737:
733:
644:
143:
133:
118:
101:
83:
63:
40:
28:
21:
2713:Auschwitz trial (Poland)
2058:Latvian Auxiliary Police
1791:Karl Eberhard Schöngarth
1293:Friedrich-Wilhelm Krüger
525:(in German). saalbau.com
464:(in German). saalbau.com
421:
388:
156:Robert Karl Ludwig Mulka
2803:Garden of the Righteous
2555:Identification in camps
2548:Technical and logistics
1994:Order Police battalions
555:Wittmann. (2005) p. 285
546:Langbein. (2004) p. 511
194:
2216:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
1681:Heinrich Klaustermeyer
419:
344:and was demoted to SS-
322:
2755:Majdanek State Museum
1888:Karl-Friedrich Höcker
792:Auschwitz II-Birkenau
409:
320:
267:Deutscher Fichte-Bund
2232:Mordechai Anielewicz
1943:Elisabeth Volkenrath
1828:Jenny-Wanda Barkmann
1464:Arthur Liebehenschel
1389:Hermine Braunsteiner
1333:Arthur Seyss-Inquart
291:commissioned officer
236:Baltische Landeswehr
2863:Waffen-SS personnel
2853:SS-Hauptsturmführer
2770:March of the Living
2642:Holocaust survivors
2506:Vrba–Wetzler report
2282:Alexander Pechersky
2242:Mordechai Tenenbaum
1691:Alexander Palfinger
1514:Johann Schwarzhuber
1074:Międzyrzec Podlaski
1053:Lviv pogroms (1941)
954:Sonderaktion Krakau
572:People in Auschwitz
185:Obersturmbannführer
2685:West German trials
2480:Wannsee Conference
2267:Itzhak Katzenelson
2019:General Government
1504:Franz Reichleitner
1434:Fritz Hartjenstein
1424:Maximilian Grabner
1343:Bruno Streckenbach
1155:Grossaktion Warsaw
808:Operation Reinhard
594:Harvard University
356:High SS and Police
323:
2815:
2814:
2811:
2810:
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2730:
2592:
2591:
2588:
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2543:
2542:
2535:Sonderaktion 1005
2409:
2408:
2092:
2091:
2070:Ypatingasis būrys
1972:
1971:
1913:Johanna Langefeld
1908:Hildegard Lächert
1804:
1803:
1640:Alfred Trzebinski
1605:Franz von Bodmann
1557:Lorenz Hackenholt
1399:Theodor van Eupen
1338:Jakob Sporrenberg
1173:
1172:
897:
896:
602:978-0-674-01694-1
584:978-0-8078-2816-8
568:Langbein, Hermann
228:second lieutenant
153:
152:
2870:
2697:Treblinka trials
2682:
2681:
2621:
2614:
2607:
2598:
2597:
2496:Graebe affidavit
2489:Witness accounts
2435:Frank memorandum
2420:
2419:
2315:
2314:
2302:Szmul Zygielbojm
2292:Frumka Płotnicka
2252:Leon Feldhendler
2237:Icchak Cukierman
2191:Ghetto uprisings
2121:
2114:
2107:
2098:
2097:
2042:Schutzmannschaft
1863:Feodor Fedorenko
1813:
1812:
1721:Wolfgang Birkner
1509:Heinrich Schwarz
1499:Josef Oberhauser
1474:Heinrich Matthes
1358:Dieter Wisliceny
1348:Richard Thomalla
1323:Heinz Reinefarth
1273:Heinrich Himmler
1218:
1217:
1202:
1195:
1188:
1179:
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1143:Other atrocities
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341:Hauptsturmführer
275:Second World War
271:first lieutenant
165:Hauptsturmführer
124:Hauptsturmführer
111:
103:
94:
92:
91:
70:
50:
48:
33:
19:
18:
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2718:Stutthof trials
2701:
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2570:Holocaust train
2539:
2523:
2511:Witold's Report
2501:Gerstein Report
2484:
2450:Katzmann Report
2430:Auschwitz Album
2405:
2344:
2306:
2272:Michał Klepfisz
2220:
2179:
2128:
2125:
2088:
2028:
1998:Ordnungspolizei
1968:
1947:
1928:Erich Muhsfeldt
1858:Margot Dreschel
1843:Alexander Bülow
1800:
1796:Udo von Woyrsch
1786:Hermann Schaper
1781:Emanuel Schäfer
1766:Josef Meisinger
1726:Helmut Bischoff
1705:
1661:Heinz Auerswald
1649:
1591:
1539:
1533:
1529:Christian Wirth
1439:Gottlieb Hering
1362:
1328:Julian Scherner
1313:Georg Michalsen
1298:Franz Kutschera
1258:Odilo Globocnik
1209:
1206:
1169:
1138:
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958:
939:Kielce cemetery
893:
830:
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397:
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368:
346:Obersturmführer
336:Joseph Goebbels
328:Sturmbannführer
299:Obersturmführer
283:
230:of the reserve
214:; he served in
212:First World War
197:
171:Obersturmführer
128:Obersturmführer
89:
87:
72:
68:
52:
46:
44:
36:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2760:Sobibór Museum
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2517:Sonderkommando
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2460:Posen speeches
2457:
2455:Korherr Report
2452:
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2445:Höfle telegram
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2289:
2287:Witold Pilecki
2284:
2279:
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2269:
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2262:Henryk Iwański
2259:
2257:Paweł Frenkiel
2254:
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2116:
2109:
2101:
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2090:
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2086:
2081:
2062:Arajs Kommando
2038:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1991:
1984:Einsatzgruppen
1980:
1978:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1955:
1953:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1945:
1940:
1938:Alice Orlowski
1935:
1930:
1925:
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1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
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1870:
1865:
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1855:
1853:John Demjanjuk
1850:
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1758:
1753:
1751:Gerhard Flesch
1748:
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1715:
1712:Einsatzgruppen
1707:
1706:
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1703:
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1657:
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1654:Ghetto command
1651:
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1648:
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1642:
1637:
1635:Horst Schumann
1632:
1627:
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1617:
1612:
1607:
1601:
1599:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
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1549:
1543:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1494:Johann Niemann
1491:
1486:
1481:
1479:Hermann Michel
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1454:Karl-Otto Koch
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1394:Irmfried Eberl
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1283:Fritz Katzmann
1280:
1275:
1270:
1268:Arthur Greiser
1265:
1263:Richard Glücks
1260:
1255:
1250:
1248:Ludwig Fischer
1245:
1240:
1238:Adolf Eichmann
1235:
1230:
1224:
1222:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1204:
1197:
1190:
1182:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1146:
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1140:
1139:
1137:
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1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
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1076:
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1066:
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1056:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1010:
1008:
1002:
1001:
999:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
966:
964:
960:
959:
957:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
905:
903:
902:Mass shootings
899:
898:
895:
894:
892:
891:
889:Danzig-Matzkau
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
854:Kraków-Płaszów
851:
846:
840:
838:
832:
831:
829:
828:
827:
826:
821:
816:
804:
799:
794:
788:
786:
777:
771:
770:
765:
764:
757:
750:
742:
731:
730:
728:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
654:
649:
645:
642:
641:
634:
633:
626:
619:
611:
605:
604:
586:
563:
560:
558:
557:
548:
536:
475:
462:"Robert Mulka"
437:
435:
432:
423:
420:
393:Main article:
390:
387:
372:denazification
367:
364:
282:
279:
196:
193:
151:
150:
145:
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
126:Demoted to SS-
120:
116:
115:
105:
99:
98:
85:
81:
80:
71:(aged 74)
65:
61:
60:
42:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2875:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2823:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2777:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
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2743:
2742:
2740:
2738:
2734:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2704:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2674:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2657:Kielce pogrom
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2631:
2622:
2617:
2615:
2610:
2608:
2603:
2602:
2599:
2595:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2546:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2526:
2520:
2518:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2475:Stroop Report
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2415:Documentation
2412:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
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2354:
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2341:
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2328:
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2323:
2322:
2320:
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2309:
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2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
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2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2247:Marek Edelman
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2223:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2182:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2133:Organizations
2131:
2122:
2117:
2115:
2110:
2108:
2103:
2102:
2099:
2095:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2034:Collaboration
2031:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1977:Organizations
1975:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1950:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1923:Eduard Lorenz
1921:
1919:
1918:Anton Lechner
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1903:Josef Kollmer
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1873:Kurt Gerstein
1871:
1869:
1868:Hans Hoffmann
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1838:Juana Bormann
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1811:
1807:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1776:Erich Naumann
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1731:Lothar Beutel
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1702:
1701:Jürgen Stroop
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1671:Josef Blösche
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1652:
1646:
1645:Eduard Wirths
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1630:Josef Mengele
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1620:Horst Fischer
1618:
1616:
1615:Karl Gebhardt
1613:
1611:
1610:Carl Clauberg
1608:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1582:Ludwig Plagge
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1572:Herbert Lange
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1552:Kurt Bolender
1550:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1536:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1524:Gustav Wagner
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1449:Franz Hössler
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1414:Karl Fritzsch
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1384:Wilhelm Boger
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1365:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1303:Erwin Lambert
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1288:Wilhelm Koppe
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1278:Hermann Höfle
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1243:Theodor Eicke
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1212:
1203:
1198:
1196:
1191:
1189:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1003:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
971:
968:
967:
965:
961:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
944:Aktion Krakau
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
914:Bloody Sunday
912:
910:
907:
906:
904:
900:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
841:
839:
837:
836:Concentration
833:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
811:
810:
809:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
789:
787:
785:
784:Extermination
781:
778:
776:
772:
763:
758:
756:
751:
749:
744:
743:
740:
736:
732:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
655:
653:
652:The Holocaust
650:
647:
646:
643:
639:
632:
627:
625:
620:
618:
613:
612:
609:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
566:
565:
552:
543:
541:
524:
518:
516:
514:
512:
510:
508:
506:
504:
502:
500:
498:
496:
494:
492:
490:
488:
486:
484:
482:
480:
463:
457:
455:
453:
451:
449:
447:
445:
443:
438:
431:
429:
418:
416:
415:
408:
405:
403:
396:
386:
384:
383:Rome Olympics
380:
375:
373:
363:
361:
357:
354:
349:
347:
343:
342:
337:
333:
332:Karl Bischoff
330:
329:
319:
315:
313:
309:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
278:
276:
272:
268:
264:
259:
257:
256:
251:
250:
249:Der Stahlhelm
243:
241:
237:
233:
232:Imperial Army
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
208:
206:
202:
192:
190:
187:
186:
181:
177:
173:
172:
167:
166:
161:
157:
149:
146:
142:
139:
136:
132:
129:
125:
121:
117:
114:
113:Schutzstaffel
110:
106:
100:
97:
86:
82:
79:
75:
67:26 April 1969
66:
62:
59:
55:
51:12 April 1895
43:
39:
32:
27:
20:
2516:
2440:Höcker Album
2423:Nazi sources
2311:Victim lists
2277:Miles Lerman
2084:Trawniki men
2024:Hotel Polski
1933:Detlef Nebbe
1898:Oswald Kaduk
1893:Karl Jeschke
1771:Bruno Müller
1761:Felix Landau
1746:Ernst Damzog
1741:Karl Brunner
1710:
1686:Franz Konrad
1587:Adolf Theuer
1540:executioners
1519:Franz Stangl
1489:Robert Mulka
1488:
1459:Josef Kramer
1409:Karl Frenzel
1379:Richard Baer
1374:Hans Aumeier
1367:Camp command
1353:Otto Wächter
1233:Josef Bühler
1228:Viktor Brack
1214:Perpetrators
806:
648:Main article
589:
571:
562:Bibliography
551:
527:. Retrieved
466:. Retrieved
425:
412:
410:
406:
401:
398:
376:
369:
352:
350:
345:
339:
326:
324:
298:
284:
266:
262:
260:
253:
247:
244:
209:
198:
183:
169:
163:
155:
154:
148:World War II
144:Battles/wars
127:
123:
96:Nazi Germany
78:West Germany
69:(1969-04-26)
23:Robert Mulka
2833:1969 deaths
2828:1895 births
2560:Gas chamber
2528:Concealment
2519:photographs
2366:Gross-Rosen
2335:Lviv (Lwów)
2297:Roza Robota
2201:Częstochowa
1833:Herta Bothe
1823:Hans Anhalt
1816:Camp guards
1756:Ludwig Hahn
1736:Paul Blobel
1676:Franz Bürkl
1666:Hans Biebow
1625:Fritz Klein
1562:Josef Klehr
1547:Erich Bauer
1538:Gas chamber
1484:Karl Möckel
1469:Maria Mandl
1444:Rudolf Höss
1429:Otto Hantke
1318:Oswald Pohl
1308:Ernst Lerch
1119:Stanisławów
1029:Częstochowa
919:Bronna Góra
849:Gross-Rosen
844:Auschwitz I
201:Volksschule
189:Rudolf Höss
2822:Categories
1883:Irma Grese
1878:Paul Götze
1848:Luise Danz
1597:Physicians
1404:Kurt Franz
1253:Hans Frank
1221:Organizers
1165:Heidelager
434:References
402:Alte Rampe
379:Rolf Mulka
287:Nazi Party
255:Reichswehr
205:Realschule
84:Allegiance
47:1895-04-12
2737:Memorials
2634:Aftermath
2401:Treblinka
2356:Auschwitz
2211:Treblinka
2196:Białystok
2184:Uprisings
1964:Treblinka
1809:Personnel
1577:Otto Moll
1567:Hans Koch
1419:Amon Göth
1150:Action T4
1114:Sosnowiec
1084:Nowy Sącz
1019:Białystok
986:Szczuczyn
934:Erntefest
924:Bydgoszcz
909:Białystok
824:Treblinka
700:Lithuania
570:. (2004)
297:as an SS-
295:Waffen-SS
178:, he was
2580:Zyklon B
2396:Trawniki
2391:Stutthof
2376:Majdanek
1124:Tarnopol
1064:Lubartów
976:Jedwabne
879:Trawniki
869:Stutthof
859:Potulice
802:Majdanek
720:Slovakia
414:mens rea
366:Post-war
308:adjutant
180:adjutant
134:Commands
102:Service/
2565:Gas van
2381:Sobibór
2318:Ghettos
2225:Leaders
2206:Sobibor
1959:Sobibor
1952:By camp
1099:Siedlce
1006:Ghettos
991:Tykocin
963:Pogroms
949:Palmiry
874:Szebnie
819:Sobibor
797:Chełmno
725:Ukraine
710:Romania
690:Germany
680:Estonia
675:Denmark
670:Croatia
665:Belgium
660:Belarus
596:Press.
353:Nordsee
240:Baltics
74:Hamburg
58:Germany
54:Hamburg
2677:Trials
2652:Bricha
2386:Soldau
2371:Izbica
2361:Bełżec
2340:Warsaw
2325:Kraków
2165:Żegota
1134:Warsaw
1109:Słonim
1104:Sambor
1079:Mizocz
1069:Lublin
1044:Kraków
1039:Kielce
1034:Grodno
1014:Będzin
996:Wąsosz
972:(1946)
970:Kielce
884:Warsaw
864:Soldau
814:Belzec
715:Russia
705:Norway
695:Latvia
685:France
600:
582:
529:8 July
468:8 July
428:Kassel
360:Prague
303:sapper
224:Turkey
220:Russia
216:France
104:branch
93:
2349:Camps
2009:RKFDV
1129:Wilno
1094:Radom
1089:Pińsk
1024:Brest
929:Dynów
775:Camps
422:Death
389:Trial
2792:List
2330:Łódź
2150:Bund
2014:VoMi
2004:WVHA
1059:Łódź
1049:Lwów
981:Lviv
598:ISBN
580:ISBN
531:2011
470:2011
222:and
203:and
195:Life
119:Rank
64:Died
41:Born
2175:ŻZW
2170:ŻOB
2160:PKB
2145:AOB
122:SS-
2824::
2155:GL
2140:AK
2076:/
2072:,
2068:,
2064:,
2060:,
2056:,
2052:/
2048:,
1988:SS
592:.
578:.
574:.
539:^
478:^
441:^
348:.
314:.
258:.
218:,
160:SS
76:,
56:,
2794:)
2790:(
2620:e
2613:t
2606:v
2120:e
2113:t
2106:v
2080:)
2044:(
2000:)
1996:(
1990:)
1986:(
1201:e
1194:t
1187:v
1055:)
1051:(
761:e
754:t
747:v
630:e
623:t
616:v
533:.
472:.
162:-
49:)
45:(
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