346:, a chaplain with a Williamite regiment, relates that the rapparees hid their weapons in bogs when Williamite troops were in the area and melted into the civilian population, only to re-arm and reappear when the troops were gone. The rapparees were a considerable help to the Jacobite war effort, tying down thousands of Williamite troops who had to protect supply depots and columns. The famous rapparees "
326:, each locality had to raise a regiment to support the Jacobite cause. Most did so, but James and his French backers did not have the resources to arm and pay them all, so many of them were disbanded. It was from these bands that most of the Rapparees were organised. They armed themselves with whatever they could find or take from Protestant civilians, including
224:
led punitive columns into the midlands and the
Wicklow mountains to try and root out the guerilla bands. Although they captured a number of small castles and killed several hundred guerrillas, they were not able to stop the guerilla attacks. In Wicklow especially, Hewson destroyed all stocks of food
253:
After the war, many tories continued their activities, "a spasmodic and disconnected opposition to the new regime", in part as
Catholic partisans, in part as ordinary criminals who "brought misery to friend and foe alike". The ranks of tories remained filled throughout the post-war period by
341:
Throughout the campaign, the rapparees caused major logistical problems to the
Williamite army, raiding their rear areas and killing their soldiers and supporters. Many rapparee bands developed a bad reputation among the general civilian population, including among Catholics, for robbing
295:
Long have I been out in snow and frost, having no one that I know, my plough-team still unyoked, the fallow unploughed, and with those things lost to me; I regret not having friends who would take me in at morning or night, and that I must go eastwards over the sea, for there I have no
380:: "Joshua's son Jonathan, who in 1690 had raised his company to serve King William at the Boyne and Aughrim and Limerick, rode home to Mount Pleasant and defended it for five years against the sporadic sallies of the rapparees, the swordsmen, masterless now, of the defeated
228:
The guerrillas were eventually defeated in part by ordering all civilians from areas where they operated to leave their habitations, and then designating these regions (in areas which included
Wicklow and much of the south of Ireland) as what would now be termed
233:, where anyone found still residing in them would then be allowed to be "taken slain and destroyed as enemies and their cattle and goods shall be taken or spoiled as the goods of enemies" by Parliamentarian soldiers. Hewson also ordered the expulsion of
249:
and finally publishing surrender terms allowing guerillas to leave the country to enter military service in France and Spain. The last organised bands of tories surrendered in 1653 when many of them left
Ireland to serve in foreign armies.
376:
205:
a great deal of trouble, attacking vulnerable garrisons, tax-collectors and supply columns and then melting away when faced with detachments of
Parliamentarian troops.
318:, to associate them with the Irish rebels and bandits of a generation earlier. In Ireland, Irish Catholics supported James – becoming known as
92:
to provide for themselves, their families, and their clansmen after the war ended. They were in many cases outlawed members of the
323:
788:
770:
737:
553:
491:
486:
812:
673:
807:
194:
57:
481:
120:
511:
387:
There is a folk song (of 19th century origin - see the reference to "Peelers"), devoted to the
Rapparee:
234:
93:
338:
about 6 feet (2 m) long, cut down from the standard military pike which was up to 16 feet (5 m) long.
832:
506:
65:
20:
827:
729:
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521:
817:
214:
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461:
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111:
They share many similarities with other dispossessed gentlemen-turned outlaws like
Scotland's
246:
8:
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49:
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or "skiens") and half-pikes. The rapparees got their name from this last weapon – a
116:
44:, whose primary meaning is "thruster, stabber", and by extension a wielder of the
762:
496:
471:
347:
202:
112:
97:
151:
in
Ireland before the 1690s. Irish irregulars in the 16th century were known as
648:
De Brún, Pádraig; Ó Buachalla, Breandán; Ó Coincheanainn, Tomás (eds.) (1975).
230:
210:
164:
136:
85:
34:
801:
446:
436:
335:
81:
683:
726:
Passing the Time in
Ballymenone: Culture and History of an Ulster Community
456:
206:
261:
Their situation is reflected in this stanza from a contemporary song from
254:
displaced Irish Catholics whose land and property were confiscated in the
663:
441:
319:
128:
105:
73:
69:
61:
198:
77:
53:
241:, for fear they were aiding the guerillas in the countryside. Other
45:
544:"Ropaire," dictionary definition: Ó Dónaill, Niall (ed.) (1977),
358:'s cavalry raid that destroyed the Williamite siege train at the
262:
217:
in September–October 1650 to try to clear it of tory guerrillas.
327:
238:
132:
759:
God's Executioner: Oliver Cromwell and the Conquest of Ireland
225:
he found in order to starve the guerrillas into submission.
311:
403:
Sure, he'll find his lone home there amongst the wild foul
401:
Ah, way out on the moors where the wind shrieks and howls
370:
Rapparees have been mentioned in fiction, for example in
220:
During the 1650–51 winter, the Parliamentarian commander
421:
There's a plain wooden cross on which this is inscribed:
749:
The Origin and History of Irish Names of Places, Vol.II
419:
There's a stone covered grave on the wild mountainside.
652:, 49, p. 68. Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath.
314:" was insultingly given to the English supporters of
159:", a reference to native Irish foot-soldiers called
274:Is fada mise amuigh faoi shneachta agus faoi shioc
410:He robbed many rich of their gold and their crown
799:
174:of the 1640s and 50s, irregular fighters on the
668:. New York: New York Review Books. p. 34.
425:I was sentenced to death being a wild rapparee
407:Ah, God help the poor outlaw, the wild rapparee
416:Not a swordsman will capture the wild rapparee
398:But the heath is the home of the wild rapparee
396:How fresh are the crops in the valleys to see
392:How green are the fields that washed the Finn
423:Kneel down, dear stranger, say an Ave for me
414:Alas, he has boasted, They'll never take me,
394:How grand are the houses the Peelers live in
412:He outrode the soldiers who hunted him down
278:mo sheisreach gan scur, mo bhranar gan cur,
245:tactics included selling those captured as
68:. Subsequently, the name was also given to
405:No one there to welcome, no comrade was he
286:is go gcaithfidh mé dul thar farraige soir
756:
624:
661:
548:, p. 1010, Richview Browne & Nolan.
142:
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324:Richard Talbot, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell
16:Guerillas and bandits in 1600s Ireland
745:
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282:Níl caraid agam, is danaid liom san,
487:Dubhaltach Caoch Mac Coisdealbhaigh
13:
14:
844:
301:
783:, Dublin: Gill & Macmillan,
276:is gan dánacht agam ar éinneach,
701:
690:
655:
492:Tomás Láidir Mac Coisdealbhaigh
288:ós ann nach bhfuil mo ghaolta.
284:a ghlacfadh mé moch nó déanach,
195:Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
58:Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
746:Joyce, Patrick Weston (1883),
642:
630:
618:
606:
594:
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570:
558:
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193:From 1650 to 1653, during the
147:There was a long tradition of
1:
779:Wheeler, James Scott (1999),
752:, London: M.H. Gill & Son
527:
52:fighters who operated on the
354:are said to have guided Sir
280:is gan iad agam ar aon chor.
7:
757:Ó Siochrú, Micheál (2008),
430:
10:
849:
724:Glassie, Henry H. (1995),
365:
94:Gaelic nobility of Ireland
18:
813:Williamite War in Ireland
662:Flanagan, Thomas (1979).
512:Redmond O'Hanlon (outlaw)
306:In the 1690s, during the
76:in Ireland – many former
66:Williamite war in Ireland
21:Rapparee (disambiguation)
730:Indiana University Press
697:Royal Irish Constabulary
197:, the tories caused the
90:protection against theft
808:17th century in Ireland
591:, pp. 198–199, 214
482:Tomás Bán Mac Aodhagáin
182:", from the Irish word
665:The year of the French
546:Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla
462:Black Francis Corrigan
428:
291:
256:Cromwellian Settlement
172:Irish Confederate Wars
96:and still held to the
64:side during the 1690s
389:
271:
209:first led a sweep of
190:) meaning "pursuer".
153:ceithearnaigh choille
143:Wood kerne and Tories
48:or pike), were Irish
650:Nua-Dhuanaire Cuid 1
507:Donogh Dáll Ó Derrig
178:side were known as "
19:For other uses, see
781:Cromwell in Ireland
615:, pp. 214, 223
502:Madden Raparees GAC
477:Colonel John Hurley
344:George Warter Story
308:Glorious Revolution
247:indentured servants
377:Year of the French
342:indiscriminately.
102:traditional chiefs
790:978-0-717-12884-6
772:978-0-571-24121-7
739:978-0-253-20987-0
554:978-0-68-628280-8
467:Captain Gallagher
360:siege of Limerick
356:Patrick Sarsfield
243:counterinsurgency
176:Irish Confederate
149:guerrilla warfare
125:Hereward the Wake
123:, England's real
80:having turned to
840:
833:Irish highwaymen
793:
775:
753:
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567:, pp. 49–50
562:
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522:Dónal Ó Maoláine
452:Éamonn an Chnoic
352:Éamonn an Chnoic
267:Éamonn an Chnoic
117:Robert the Bruce
100:demanded of the
56:side during the
848:
847:
843:
842:
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828:Irish Jacobites
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497:Seamus McMurphy
472:Galloping Hogan
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348:Galloping Hogan
330:, long knives (
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231:free-fire zones
199:Parliamentarian
145:
113:William Wallace
98:code of conduct
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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836:
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818:Guerrilla wars
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303:
302:Williamite War
300:
272:
237:townsmen from
235:Roman Catholic
213:and the south
211:County Wicklow
201:forces led by
144:
141:
137:Eastern Europe
127:and legendary
88:, and selling
86:cattle raiding
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
845:
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823:Irish outlaws
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710:, p. 110
709:
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675:1-59017-108-X
671:
667:
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658:
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639:, p. 236
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627:, p. 219
626:
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603:, p. 198
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579:, p. 183
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161:ceithearnaigh
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121:Black Douglas
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82:armed robbery
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28:
22:
780:
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717:Bibliography
716:
715:
708:Glassie 1995
703:
692:
664:
657:
649:
644:
637:Wheeler 1999
632:
620:
613:Wheeler 1999
608:
601:Wheeler 1999
596:
589:Wheeler 1999
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577:Wheeler 1999
572:
560:
545:
540:
532:
531:
457:James Freney
391:
386:
382:James Stuart
375:
369:
340:
331:
305:
294:
292:
273:
260:
252:
227:
219:
207:Henry Ireton
192:
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183:
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169:
160:
156:
152:
146:
110:
41:
40:, plural of
37:
30:
26:
25:
222:John Hewson
106:Irish clans
802:Categories
761:, London:
565:Joyce 1883
528:References
442:Liam Deois
296:relations.
157:wood-kerne
129:Robin Hood
78:guerrillas
74:highwaymen
33:(from the
362:in 1690.
320:Jacobites
50:guerrilla
46:half-pike
27:Rapparees
684:56103965
431:See also
322:. Under
316:James II
215:midlands
203:Cromwell
186:(modern
184:tóraidhe
119:and the
62:Jacobite
60:and the
54:Royalist
31:raparees
366:Fiction
328:muskets
263:Munster
170:In the
165:"kerne"
133:hajduks
131:or the
104:of the
70:bandits
42:ropaire
38:ropairí
787:
769:
736:
682:
672:
552:
350:" and
332:sceana
239:Dublin
180:tories
533:Notes
188:tóraí
163:, or
35:Irish
785:ISBN
767:ISBN
734:ISBN
680:OCLC
670:ISBN
550:ISBN
336:pike
312:tory
72:and
384:".
374:'s
269:":
265:, "
155:, "
135:of
108:.
29:or
804::
765:,
732:,
678:.
298:)
258:.
167:.
139:.
115:,
84:,
686:.
293:(
23:.
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