2053:
2322:(HCN + ν → CN + H). At further depths, photodissociation by cosmic rays dominate, producing CN (HCN + cr → CN + H). In the dark core, two competing mechanisms destroy it, forming HCN and HCNH (HCN + H → HCN + H; HCN + HCO → HCNH + CO). The reaction with HCO dominates by a factor of ~3.5. HCN has been used to analyze a variety of species and processes in the interstellar medium. It has been suggested as a tracer for dense molecular gas and as a tracer of stellar inflow in high-mass star-forming regions. Further, the HNC/HCN ratio has been shown to be an excellent method for distinguishing between PDRs and X-ray-dominated regions (XDRs).
5492:
442:
289:
73:
83:
895:
995:
900:
885:
890:
6721:
996:
5474:
991:
6685:
60:
99:
5483:
6709:
6697:
1264:
1948:
against many species of pest insects that infest food production facilities. Both its efficacy and method of application lead to very small amounts of the fumigant being used compared to other toxic substances used for the same purpose. Using HCN as a fumigant also has less environmental impact,
994:
2535:
genocide program. Hydrogen cyanide was also used in the camps for delousing clothing in attempts to eradicate diseases carried by lice and other parasites. One of the original Czech producers continued making Zyklon B under the trademark "Uragan D2" until around 2015.
4721:
Cordiner MA, Remijan AJ, Boissier J, Milam SN, Mumma MJ, Charnley SB, et al. (11 August 2014). "Mapping the
Release of Volatiles in the Inner Comae of Comets C/2012 F6 (Lemmon) and C/2012 S1 (ISON) Using the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array".
2455:
in breathing air will kill a human within 10 to 60 minutes. A hydrogen cyanide concentration of 2000 ppm (about 2380 mg/m) will kill a human in about one minute. The toxic effect is caused by the action of the cyanide ion, which halts
2435:
in 1918. It was not found to be effective enough due to weather conditions. The gas is lighter than air and rapidly disperses up into the atmosphere. Rapid dilution made its use in the field impractical. In contrast, denser agents such as
1715:
In 2006, between 500 million and 1 billion pounds (between 230,000 and 450,000 t) were produced in the US. Hydrogen cyanide is produced in large quantities by several processes and is a recovered waste product from the manufacture of
2242:. Although the relationship of these chemical reactions to the origin of life theory remains speculative, studies in this area have led to discoveries of new pathways to organic compounds derived from the condensation of HCN (e.g.
1012:
2268:. Since then, extensive studies have probed formation and destruction pathways of HCN in various environments and examined its use as a tracer for a variety of astronomical species and processes. HCN can be
1598:
plus a volatile component and that these could be used to reconstitute it. The new component was what is now known as hydrogen cyanide. It was subsequently prepared from
Prussian blue by the Swedish chemist
1019:
4826:"Poison Gas Hints at Potential for Life on an Ocean Moon of Saturn - A researcher who has studied the icy world said "the prospects for the development of life are getting better and better on Enceladus.""
908:
5224:
3602:
2593:
harpoons, although it proved quite dangerous to the crew deploying it, and it was quickly abandoned. From the middle of the 18th century it was used in a number of poisoning murders and suicides.
2219:
has been shown to be mediated not only by NO generation, but also by endogenous cyanide generation, which adds not only toxicity, but also some additional antihypertensive efficacy compared to
865:
2487:
as a potential weapon which has large-scale industrial uses. Signatory countries must declare manufacturing plants that produce more than 30 metric tons per year, and allow inspection by the
3893:
Pearce BK, Ayers PW, Pudritz RE (March 2019). "A Consistent
Reduced Network for HCN Chemistry in Early Earth and Titan Atmospheres: Quantum Calculations of Reaction Rate Coefficients".
9522:
5185:
4802:
1381:
by a significant number of authors. Contrary to this view, it is considered organic by other authors, because hydrogen cyanide belongs to the class of organic compounds known as
7373:
1621:
showed that prussic acid did not contain oxygen, an important contribution to acid theory, which had hitherto postulated that acids must contain oxygen (hence the name of
3983:
Borowitz JL, Gunasekar PG, Isom GE (September 1997). "Hydrogen cyanide generation by mu-opiate receptor activation: possible neuromodulatory role of endogenous cyanide".
3796:
Magee BA, Waite JH, Mandt KE, Westlake J, Bell J, Gell DA (December 2009). "INMS-derived composition of Titan's upper atmosphere: Analysis methods and model comparison".
9724:
7454:
6034:
5804:
5764:
5256:
970:
997:
9773:
9760:
5965:
5940:
5930:
9468:
9267:
3341:
9814:
9750:
9740:
9506:
4279:. International Astronomical Union Symposia. Molecules in Astrophysics: Probes and Processes. Vol. 178. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 446.
9783:
9605:
9048:
6336:
5664:
5605:
5513:
2089:
analysis. HCN initially forms in Titan's atmosphere through the reaction of photochemically produced methane and nitrogen radicals which proceed through the H
9824:
9705:
9590:
9459:
9258:
7211:
6425:
6241:
6176:
6116:
6044:
5950:
5844:
5714:
5669:
5340:
4026:
Gunasekar PG, Prabhakaran K, Li L, Zhang L, Isom GE, Borowitz JL (May 2004). "Receptor mechanisms mediating cyanide generation in PC12 cells and rat brain".
2878:
2853:
1131:
6505:
9714:
9567:
9334:
9277:
5970:
5814:
5784:
3606:
2488:
4835:
9695:
9359:
9225:
8921:
5900:
5880:
5553:
9449:
9138:
5925:
4300:
Treffers RR, Larson HP, Fink U, Gautier TN (1978). "Upper limits to trace constituents in
Jupiter's atmosphere from an analysis of its 5-μm spectrum".
1277:
9439:
9371:
2899:
2125:), resulting from interaction of Jupiter and Saturn, blasted the surface of young Earth and reacted with nitrogen in Earth's atmosphere to form HCN.
9837:
9546:
9429:
9325:
5563:
5265:
8931:
5920:
5249:
2397:, some of which are yet to be better identified and understood. According to the researchers, "these compounds could potentially support extant
2085:, where the Cassini spacecraft dipped between 1,000 and 1,100 km (620 and 680 mi) above Titan's surface to collect atmospheric gas for
2448:
of the
Western Front's battlefields. Compared to such agents, hydrogen cyanide had to be present in higher concentrations in order to be fatal.
10504:
9595:
9003:
5590:
3499:
10528:
10520:
6136:
5533:
4792:
3438:
2653:
5214:
4694:
10623:
9912:
5684:
3229:
481:
3955:
1405:. In the case of hydrogen cyanide, the R group is hydrogen H, so the other names of hydrogen cyanide are methanenitrile and formonitrile.
5595:
1796:
This reaction is sometimes the basis of accidental poisonings because the acid converts a nonvolatile cyanide salt into the gaseous HCN.
5242:
5137:
3655:
Blum MS, Woodring JP (October 1962). "Secretion of
Benzaldehyde and Hydrogen Cyanide by the Millipede Pachydesmus crassicutis (Wood)".
2750:
6758:
6463:
5779:
1611:. "Blue acid") because of its acidic nature in water and its derivation from Prussian blue. In English, it became known popularly as
4983:
11550:
5229:
2001:, which slowly release hydrogen cyanide. One hundred grams of crushed apple seeds can yield about 70 mg of HCN. The roots of
4966:
3181:] (in Latin). Vol. 2. Translated by Schäfer GH. (Leipzig ("Lipsiae") (Germany): Johann Godfried Müller. pp. 148–174.
2238:
Hydrogen cyanide has been discussed as a precursor to amino acids and nucleic acids, and is proposed to have played a part in the
2563:
3397:
5995:
5754:
5674:
2105:). Ultraviolet radiation breaks HCN up into CN + H; however, CN is efficiently recycled back into HCN via the reaction CN + CH
3628:
Aregheore EM, Agunbiade OO (June 1991). "The toxic effects of cassava (manihot esculenta grantz) diets on humans: a review".
2712:
834:
72:
6376:
1272:
962:
11545:
5113:
4906:
4206:
Al-Azmi A, Elassar AZ, Booth BL (2003). "The
Chemistry of Diaminomaleonitrile and its Utility in Heterocyclic Synthesis".
7970:
2976:
2951:
2484:
8875:
7586:
6628:
4284:
3349:
2916:
2784:
2726:
82:
7601:
7591:
6528:
5024:
4825:
1377:
or not is a topic of debate among chemists, and opinions vary from author to author. Traditionally, it is considered
456:
1637:
prepared pure, liquified hydrogen cyanide. In 1815, Gay-Lussac deduced
Prussic acid's chemical formula. The radical
10616:
9905:
9387:
9154:
7429:
6872:
3370:
Endter F (1958). "Die technische
Synthese von Cyanwasserstoff aus Methan und Ammoniak ohne Zusatz von Sauerstoff".
2314:
HCN is destroyed in interstellar clouds through a number of mechanisms depending on the location in the cloud. In
1467:
and human poison, as well as for killing whales. Cyanide ions interfere with iron-containing respiratory enzymes.
1284:
8837:
7060:
6653:
2156:). Moreover, increased endogenous neuronal HCN production under opioids was seemingly needed for adequate opioid
3452:
8318:
8127:
7881:
5061:
4936:
3064:
2676:
2326:
340:
4337:"Submillimeter- and Millimeter-Wavelength Observations of SiO and HCN in Circumstellar Envelopes of AGB Stars"
8313:
7561:
6751:
6578:
1005:
121:
6736:
11555:
11540:
11493:
7913:
7459:
6613:
2363:
In
February 2016, it was announced that traces of hydrogen cyanide were found in the atmosphere of the hot
2052:
956:
389:
284:
17:
3836:"HCN Production in Titan's Atmosphere: Coupling Quantum Chemistry and Disequilibrium Atmospheric Modeling"
2998:
Bläsing, Kevin; Harloff, Jörg; Schulz, Axel; Stoffers, Alrik; Stoer, Philip; Villinger, Alexander (2020).
2160:, as analgesic action of opioids was attenuated by HCN scavengers. They considered endogenous HCN to be a
2045:. Hydrogen cyanide is contained in the exhaust of vehicles, and in smoke from burning nitrogen-containing
899:
11535:
10609:
9898:
7695:
7639:
7633:
7555:
7530:
7424:
6987:
5809:
2480:
2208:, and other pathogens by generating several different toxic chemicals, one of which is hydrogen cyanide.
420:
8303:
3342:"Non-confidential 2006 IUR Records by Chemical, including Manufacturing, Processing and Use Information"
894:
8824:
8534:
8002:
7581:
7328:
4534:
Gao Y, olomon PM (2004). "HCN Survey of Normal Spiral, Infrared-luminous, and Ultraluminous Galaxies".
2296:
1480:
1155:
1142:
655:
634:
1731:) in which no oxygen is added and the energy must be transferred indirectly through the reactor wall:
1350:, used in mining and plastics, respectively. It is more toxic than solid cyanide compounds due to its
8792:
8200:
7997:
6568:
6563:
5744:
4724:
3488:
2461:
1414:
296:
8853:
8509:
8494:
8102:
8012:
7846:
7659:
7484:
6744:
6608:
2144:
by endogenous or exogenous opioids. They have also shown that neuronal production of HCN activates
1042:
437:
334:
2516:– prussic acid; also, to distinguish it from an earlier product later known as Zyklon A), used in
1782:
In the laboratory, small amounts of HCN are produced by the addition of acids to cyanide salts of
11317:
9559:
8057:
8052:
7627:
6688:
3237:
3206:
2315:
2141:
1634:
1618:
3158:
Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar (Royal Swedish Academy of Science's Proceedings
1334:, at 25.6 °C (78.1 °F). HCN is produced on an industrial scale and is a highly valued
884:
226:
11264:
10407:
9952:
9799:
9057:
8868:
8082:
7836:
7664:
7015:
7005:
6852:
6543:
5508:
5418:
5295:
5290:
4236:
Snyder LE, Buhl D (1971). "Observations of Radio Emission from Interstellar Hydrogen Cyanide".
3304:
Andrussow L (1935). "The catalytic oxydation of ammonia-methane-mixtures to hydrogen cyanide".
2378:
2371:
2122:
1800:
1646:
1460:
1351:
810:
5016:
5009:
4272:
3757:
Loison JC, Hébrard E, Dobrijevic M, Hickson KM, Caralp F, Hue V, et al. (February 2015).
3282:
3259:
3193:
3170:
3153:
2897:
Gail, E.; Gos, S.; Kulzer, R.; Lorösch, J.; Rubo, A.; Sauer, M. "Cyano Compounds, Inorganic".
2299:(HCNH + e → HCN + H). The dissociative recombination pathway is dominant by 30%; however, the
932:
11520:
11396:
11001:
10483:
10386:
10002:
9072:
8454:
7981:
7782:
7690:
6598:
6573:
6211:
5829:
5376:
4069:
Smith RP, Kruszyna H (January 1976). "Toxicology of some inorganic antihypertensive anions".
2281:
2025:
2006:
1922:
1335:
922:
877:
111:
5204:
5145:
4777:
3809:
3453:"Manual of fumigation for insect control – Space fumigation at atmospheric pressure (Cont.)"
2743:
11093:
10418:
10399:
10197:
10185:
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8781:
8609:
8529:
8190:
8117:
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8017:
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6659:
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6268:
5639:
5610:
5491:
5315:
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4743:
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4606:
4553:
4500:
4447:
4389:
4348:
4309:
4245:
4160:
3912:
3857:
3805:
3770:
3664:
3568:
3525:
3315:
2465:
2457:
2216:
1840:
1600:
889:
398:
5168:"Documentation for Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs) – 74908"
8:
11171:
11135:
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10426:
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10142:
9580:
9404:
9300:
9196:
8814:
8474:
8242:
8170:
8165:
8097:
8022:
7705:
7654:
7525:
7515:
7285:
7096:
6923:
6897:
6887:
6857:
6603:
6583:
6396:
6086:
5574:
5438:
5413:
5381:
5300:
5199:
5004:
4793:"What Is Life? - The answer matters in space exploration. But we still don't really know"
4587:
Wu J, Evans NJ (2003). "Indications of Inflow Motions in Regions Forming Massive Stars".
4481:
Gao Y, Solomon PM (2004). "The Star Formation Rate and Dense Molecular Gas in Galaxies".
3088:
Ferris, J. P.; Sanchez, R. A. (1968). "Diaminomaleonitrile (Hydrogen Cyanide Tetramer)".
2520:
2330:
2308:
2288:
2261:
2149:
2074:
2070:
2019:
1989:, from which almond oil and extract is made. Many of these pits contain small amounts of
1899:
1662:
1546:
1434:
1193:
266:
174:
4886:
4747:
4663:
4610:
4557:
4504:
4451:
4393:
4352:
4313:
4249:
4164:
3916:
3861:
3774:
3668:
3572:
3529:
3319:
2613:
1441:
538:
246:
208:
184:
11530:
11429:
11284:
11197:
11153:
10943:
10632:
10434:
10297:
10134:
9187:
8842:
8700:
8655:
8614:
8514:
7992:
7959:
7886:
7700:
7494:
6862:
6701:
6623:
6593:
6538:
6415:
6391:
5890:
5824:
5689:
5649:
5500:
5463:
5423:
5402:
5345:
5320:
4963:
4898:
4872:
4830:
4759:
4733:
4675:
4649:
4622:
4596:
4569:
4543:
4516:
4490:
4463:
4437:
4407:
4183:
4148:
4124:
4097:
4096:
Talhout R, Schulz T, Florek E, van Benthem J, Wester P, Opperhuizen A (February 2011).
4051:
4008:
3936:
3902:
3875:
3847:
3734:
3707:
3688:
3032:
2999:
2548:
2353:
1914:
1456:
1378:
1312:
762:
747:
441:
288:
4219:
3996:
3759:"The neutral photochemistry of nitriles, amines and imines in the atmosphere of Titan"
3580:
3537:
2013:, which decompose into HCN in yields of up to 370 mg per kilogram of fresh root. Some
1625:
itself, which is derived from Greek elements that mean "acid-former" and are likewise
11525:
11349:
11331:
11211:
11037:
10855:
10850:
10836:
10748:
10743:
10676:
10310:
9233:
9121:
9111:
9038:
9028:
9013:
8939:
8861:
8660:
8519:
8439:
8087:
8047:
8007:
7861:
7680:
7675:
7621:
7616:
7596:
7550:
6810:
6648:
6231:
6131:
6101:
6019:
5759:
5644:
5600:
5548:
5355:
5350:
5282:
5020:
4932:
4902:
4858:
4755:
4467:
4411:
4321:
4280:
4188:
4129:
4078:
4043:
4000:
3928:
3879:
3758:
3739:
3680:
3637:
3584:
3541:
3404:
3306:
3070:
3060:
3037:
2912:
2823:
2780:
2722:
2682:
2672:
2579:
2556:
2544:
2452:
2427:, hydrogen cyanide was used by the French from 1916 as a chemical weapon against the
2418:
2402:
2153:
2086:
1950:
1876:
1343:
1304:
1233:
1223:
1218:
733:
42:
38:
5234:
4763:
4679:
4520:
4055:
4012:
3940:
3692:
3470:
2303:
must be in its linear form. Dissociative recombination with its structural isomer, H
11482:
11186:
11107:
10983:
10900:
10708:
10703:
10692:
10579:
10358:
10253:
10178:
9354:
9344:
9209:
9165:
9101:
8968:
8958:
8946:
8797:
8624:
8504:
8067:
8042:
8032:
7710:
7576:
7520:
7275:
7257:
7226:
7221:
7216:
7206:
7201:
7196:
7148:
7137:
6997:
6837:
6805:
6771:
6725:
6713:
6633:
6533:
6438:
5819:
5694:
5659:
5580:
5528:
5433:
5366:
5114:"Arizona 'refurbishes' its gas chamber to prepare for executions, documents reveal"
4890:
4863:
4751:
4667:
4626:
4614:
4573:
4561:
4508:
4455:
4397:
4356:
4317:
4253:
4215:
4178:
4168:
4119:
4109:
4035:
3992:
3920:
3865:
3813:
3778:
3729:
3719:
3672:
3576:
3533:
3379:
3323:
3134:
3097:
3027:
3019:
2904:
2813:
2469:
2432:
2394:
2223:
and other non-cyanogenic nitrates which do not cause blood cyanide levels to rise.
2175:
1852:
1666:
1560:
1494:
1449:
1374:
1363:
1355:
1331:
1308:
1213:
698:
577:
504:
7178:
7088:
3428:
2933:"Human Metabolome Database: Showing metabocard for Hydrogen cyanide (HMDB0060292)"
2908:
948:
11378:
11279:
11121:
10865:
10860:
10773:
10541:
10343:
10241:
9555:
9488:
9478:
9419:
9286:
9126:
8916:
8680:
8459:
8175:
7928:
7851:
7831:
7753:
6847:
6827:
6321:
6296:
5834:
5774:
5558:
5458:
5443:
5428:
5335:
5325:
4970:
4378:"Detection of a Second, Strong Sub-millimeter HCN Laser Line toward Carbon Stars"
4039:
3782:
3676:
2346:
1761:
1753:
1556:
1208:
1203:
1055:
774:
4948:
2643:
2035:
release hydrogen cyanide as a defense mechanism, as do certain insects, such as
362:
11440:
11360:
11289:
10953:
10733:
10495:
10450:
10442:
10122:
10109:
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9493:
9414:
9218:
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9023:
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8599:
8539:
8464:
8403:
8137:
8077:
7826:
7267:
7038:
6963:
6877:
6558:
6523:
6306:
6196:
6161:
6146:
6081:
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5875:
5794:
5769:
5734:
5679:
5654:
5523:
5371:
4894:
3870:
3835:
3130:
2575:
2532:
2445:
2428:
2406:
2255:
2220:
2212:
2161:
1994:
1986:
1954:
1926:
1888:
1872:
1860:
1587:
1520:
1255:
1238:
1198:
966:
685:
678:
673:
613:
602:
5219:
5087:
4695:"Release 14-038 – NASA's 3-D Study of Comets Reveals Chemical Factory at Work"
4671:
3817:
2984:
2849:
1107:
1079:
11514:
11454:
11303:
11222:
11012:
10924:
10910:
10890:
10822:
10788:
10753:
10643:
10559:
10458:
10321:
10305:
10276:
9965:
9319:
8803:
8750:
8745:
8675:
8619:
8484:
8469:
8423:
8248:
8211:
8180:
8027:
7876:
7759:
7685:
7611:
6982:
6907:
6832:
6766:
6588:
6443:
6326:
6301:
6282:
6226:
6106:
6064:
6059:
5799:
5789:
5749:
5624:
5518:
5473:
5448:
5330:
5310:
5040:
3924:
3327:
3101:
2827:
2686:
2571:
2398:
2227:
2145:
2121:
It has been postulated that carbon from a cascade of asteroids (known as the
2041:
1783:
1717:
1591:
1552:
1390:
791:
566:
556:
277:
5167:
4640:
Loenen AF (2007). "Molecular properties of (U)LIRGs: CO, HCN, HNC and HCO".
3115:
F. Wagenknecht; R. Juza (1963). "Mercury (II) cyanide". In G. Brauer (ed.).
3074:
2870:
2818:
2801:
2291:
clouds through one of two major pathways: via a neutral-neutral reaction (CH
1895:, a variety of useful organic compounds are prepared from HCN including the
1839:
The large demand for cyanides for mining operations in the 1890s was met by
1645:, not only an English word for a shade of blue but the Greek word for blue (
11468:
11414:
11250:
11236:
11079:
11065:
10963:
10793:
10763:
10713:
10657:
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8489:
8479:
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8393:
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7908:
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7715:
7644:
7606:
7545:
7510:
7408:
7030:
7010:
6882:
6781:
6664:
6518:
6371:
6311:
6291:
6263:
6191:
6071:
6054:
6009:
5960:
5865:
5585:
5538:
5386:
4797:
4192:
4133:
4047:
3932:
3743:
3724:
3684:
3545:
3383:
3041:
3023:
2946:
2555:
decided against it, instead using the atomic bombs developed by the secret
2552:
2540:
2524:
2517:
2377:
On 14 December 2023, astronomers reported the first time discovery, in the
2334:
2197:
2057:
1934:
1772:
1347:
1228:
4423:
4421:
4114:
4082:
4004:
3641:
3588:
2932:
2668:
1018:
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10723:
10474:
10260:
10209:
10173:
9082:
8765:
8740:
8695:
8558:
8524:
8388:
8383:
8348:
8343:
8338:
8333:
8328:
8308:
8227:
8216:
8206:
7918:
7649:
7540:
7535:
7469:
7168:
7153:
7125:
7107:
7079:
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6792:
6638:
6548:
6513:
6480:
6406:
6381:
6221:
6126:
6096:
5980:
5895:
5885:
5615:
5543:
4601:
4548:
4495:
4442:
4428:
Boger GI, Sternberg A (2005). "CN and HCN in Dense Interstellar Clouds".
4231:
4229:
4149:"Simple Organics and Biomonomers Identified in HCN Polymers: An Overview"
2473:
2424:
2367:
2364:
2269:
2265:
2239:
2171:
1990:
1892:
1728:
1464:
1418:
1031:
5088:"How would have WW2 gone if the US had not used nuclear bombs on Japan?"
4859:"Detection of HCN and diverse redox chemistry in the plume of Enceladus"
4173:
1004:
11051:
10880:
10082:
8999:
8715:
8710:
8690:
8685:
8670:
8665:
8578:
8573:
8549:
8373:
8358:
8353:
8298:
8293:
7975:
7856:
7815:
7809:
7793:
7776:
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7464:
7236:
7142:
7131:
6953:
6947:
6553:
6495:
6458:
6433:
6331:
6141:
6004:
4418:
4147:
Ruiz-Bermejo, Marta; Zorzano, María-Paz; Osuna-Esteban, Susana (2013).
3156:[Experiment concerning the coloring substance in Berlin blue].
2596:
Hydrogen cyanide gas in air is explosive at concentrations above 5.6%.
2567:
2357:
2277:
2168:
2036:
1910:
1907:
1595:
1490:
1342:
to pharmaceuticals. Large-scale applications are for the production of
1011:
588:
515:
297:
257:
4226:
3834:
Pearce BK, Molaverdikhani K, Pudritz RE, Henning T, Hébrard E (2020).
59:
10601:
10555:
10285:
10228:
10068:
9974:
8883:
8810:
8760:
8735:
8725:
8650:
8378:
8368:
8363:
8283:
8263:
8237:
8222:
8160:
8107:
7866:
7804:
7787:
7765:
7742:
7479:
7320:
7113:
6977:
6916:
6842:
6485:
6350:
6186:
5990:
5870:
5724:
5699:
2718:
2382:
2273:
2193:
2157:
2078:
2031:
2014:
2010:
1998:
1930:
1670:
1505:. HCN forms hydrogen bonds with its conjugate base, species such as
1323:
717:
409:
5065:
3708:"Cyanogenesis in Arthropods: From Chemical Warfare to Nuptial Gifts"
3559:
Jones DA (January 1998). "Why are so many food plants cyanogenic?".
1254:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
10958:
10563:
10249:
10060:
9944:
9921:
9890:
8819:
8720:
8629:
8594:
8499:
8413:
8323:
8273:
8156:
8145:
8122:
8112:
8092:
7987:
7954:
7948:
7938:
7338:
7310:
7305:
7300:
6941:
6800:
6453:
6365:
6166:
6029:
6014:
5985:
5854:
5629:
5453:
5397:
5391:
5360:
5305:
5273:
4877:
4618:
4565:
4512:
4459:
4402:
4377:
4361:
4336:
4257:
3907:
3852:
2497:
2441:
2437:
2201:
1970:
1945:
1765:
1686:
1430:
1426:
1402:
1382:
1339:
1243:
977:
323:
98:
46:
4738:
4654:
3833:
3230:"Claude Louis Berthollet: A Great Chemist in the French Tradition"
2847:
207:
10585:
10573:
10549:
10216:
10161:
10104:
10077:
10055:
10045:
9960:
9936:
8993:
8885:
8568:
8563:
8278:
8268:
8258:
8253:
7943:
7571:
7489:
7474:
7449:
7444:
7439:
7434:
7403:
7398:
7393:
7388:
7383:
7353:
7348:
7343:
7333:
7241:
7231:
7191:
7186:
7163:
7158:
6892:
6618:
6448:
6401:
6360:
6316:
6258:
6253:
6216:
6206:
6201:
6156:
6151:
6091:
6024:
5915:
5910:
5860:
5739:
5729:
5482:
4102:
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
3433:
2802:"Main group cyanides: from hydrogen cyanide to cyanido-complexes"
2648:
2590:
2319:
2243:
2046:
2002:
1978:
1903:
1896:
1844:
1776:
1757:
1724:
1678:
1674:
1498:
1367:
1327:
690:
592:
546:
349:
31:
4146:
928:
8786:
8449:
8444:
8232:
7378:
7368:
7363:
7358:
7020:
6822:
6669:
6490:
6472:
5935:
5905:
5407:
2386:
2300:
2138:
2134:
1974:
1884:
1856:
1855:
in 1894 developed a synthesis starting from coal, ammonia, and
1843:, who patented a method to produce hydrogen cyanide by passing
1682:
1626:
1622:
1516:
1476:
1422:
940:
4095:
3756:
2620:. UK: European Bioinformatics Institute. 18 October 2009. Main
2570:, where it was produced during the execution by the action of
1586:
Hydrogen cyanide was first isolated in 1752 by French chemist
37:"Cyanide gas" redirects here. For other gaseous cyanides, see
10037:
10032:
10024:
9994:
8730:
8645:
8604:
7891:
7295:
7290:
7280:
7119:
7102:
7055:
5704:
5634:
5208:
2875:
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
2350:
2205:
2081:, and one instrument on Earth. One of these measurements was
1982:
1966:
1938:
1394:
1319:
373:
237:
197:
30:"Cyanane" redirects here. For a class of synthetic dyes, see
7374:
Octamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium bromide)
4720:
3705:
2997:
425:
10591:
7901:
7896:
7455:
2-Ethoxycarbonyl-1-methylvinyl cyclohexyl methylphosphonate
4699:
4025:
2390:
2342:
2329:
for the first time, that detailed the distribution of HCN,
2325:
On 11 August 2014, astronomers released studies, using the
1918:
1880:
1848:
1642:
1453:
1445:
1398:
1168:
936:
533:
314:
5215:
National Pollutant Inventory: Cyanide compounds fact sheet
5085:
8288:
7841:
4929:
Chemische Kampfstoffe: Geschichte, Eigenschaften, Wirkung
4299:
3956:"Making Sense of the Chemistry That Led to Life on Earth"
3706:
Zagrobelny M, de Castro ÉC, Møller BL, Bak S (May 2018).
3605:. The Naked Scientists. 26 September 2010. Archived from
2669:
Hydrogen cyanide and cyanides : human health aspects
2562:
Hydrogen cyanide was also the agent employed in judicial
2389:, of hydrogen cyanide, a possible chemical essential for
3516:
Vetter J (January 2000). "Plant cyanogenic glycosides".
3154:"Försök, beträffande det färgande ämnet uti Berlinerblå"
5184:
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité (1997). "
4334:
3795:
4986:. Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
2137:
can produce hydrogen cyanide upon activation of their
5264:
3982:
3114:
2879:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
2854:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
2468:. As such, hydrogen cyanide is commonly listed among
1653:), again owing to its derivation from Prussian blue.
944:
3119:. Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). NY,NY: Academic Press.
2667:
Simeonova, Fina Petrova; Fishbein, Lawrence (2004).
2489:
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
2060:
is a giant swirling cloud of HCN (November 29, 2012)
4780:. ESA/Hubble Information Centre. February 16, 2016.
4692:
4205:
2444:tended to remain at ground level and sank into the
2327:
Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA)
2280:windows. The J=1→0, J=3→2, J= 4→3, and J=10→9 pure
1834:
1519:to give nitriles. The conversion, which is called
1408:
5008:
3892:
3627:
3168:
2710:
2412:
1603:in 1782, and was eventually given the German name
4857:Peter, Jonah S.; et al. (14 December 2023).
3137:[Chemical examination of Prussian blue].
2666:
225:
11512:
2896:
361:
4959:
4957:
4856:
4277:Molecules in Astrophysics: Probes and Processes
3209:[Extract of a memoir on prussic acid].
2551:, the planned invasion of Japan, but President
2318:(PDRs), photodissociation dominates, producing
2167:It has also been shown that, while stimulating
993:
183:
4427:
3978:
3976:
3179:The dark matter tingente caerulei berolinensis
3000:"Salts of HCN-Cyanide Aggregates: [CN(HCN)
2900:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
2186:) muscarinic cholinergic stimulation actually
1863:, which reacts with acid to form gaseous HCN.
1685:at about 1,200 °C (2,190 °F) over a
10617:
9906:
8869:
6752:
5250:
5003:
4375:
4068:
3829:
3827:
3439:National Center for Biotechnology Information
3087:
2654:National Center for Biotechnology Information
2527:to kill Jews and other persecuted minorities
2233:
561:−13.29 °C (8.08 °F; 259.86 K)
4954:
4693:Zubritsky E, Neal-Jones N (11 August 2014).
4335:Bieging JH, Shaked S, Gensheimer PD (2000).
3654:
3207:"Extrait d'un mémoire sur l'acide prussique"
3057:Homogeneous Catalysis: Understanding the Art
2799:
2511:
2495:
2451:A hydrogen cyanide concentration of 100–200
1641:in hydrogen cyanide was given its name from
1545:Four molecules of HCN will tetramerize into
4973:. Cyanidecode.org. Retrieved on 2012-06-02.
4778:"First detection of super-earth atmosphere"
3973:
3171:"De materia tingente caerulei berolinensis"
3117:Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry
1656:
10624:
10610:
9913:
9899:
8876:
8862:
6759:
6745:
5257:
5243:
5111:
4480:
4235:
3824:
3280:
3257:
3204:
3198:Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences
3191:
3139:Mémoires de l'Académie royale des Sciences
2892:
2890:
2888:
2800:Schulz, Axel; Surkau, Jonas (2022-09-21).
2589:, HCN has been used as a killing agent in
1354:nature. A solution of hydrogen cyanide in
1036:−17.8 °C (0.0 °F; 255.3 K)
440:
287:
265:
27:Highly toxic chemical with the formula HCN
5186:Cyanure d'hydrogène et solutions aqueuses
5086:Binkov's Battlegrounds (April 27, 2022).
4876:
4737:
4653:
4600:
4547:
4533:
4494:
4441:
4401:
4360:
4270:
4182:
4172:
4123:
4113:
3906:
3869:
3851:
3733:
3723:
3303:
3169:Scheele CW, Hebenstreit EB, eds. (1789).
3059:. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
3031:
2817:
2638:
2636:
2634:
2543:, the US considered using it, along with
1949:compared to some other fumigants such as
1891:of those metals. Via the intermediacy of
1563:is formed from aqueous hydrogen cyanide:
1523:, employs nickel complexes as catalysts.
397:
2970:
2968:
2848:NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards.
2706:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2618:Chemical Entities of Biological Interest
2051:
1799:Hydrogen cyanide could be obtained from
1338:to many chemical compounds ranging from
1050:538 °C (1,000 °F; 811 K)
76:Ball and stick model of hydrogen cyanide
5200:International Chemical Safety Card 0492
4586:
4536:Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
3227:
3151:
3129:
3054:
3012:Angewandte Chemie International Edition
2885:
2774:
2056:The South Pole Vortex of Saturn's moon
1581:
436:
339:
14:
11513:
10631:
8906:
8884:Salts and covalent derivatives of the
7640:Methylphosphonyl dichloride (dichloro)
7634:Methylphosphonyl difluoride (difluoro)
5220:NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
4639:
4098:"Hazardous compounds in tobacco smoke"
3515:
3369:
2865:
2863:
2843:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2631:
2182:HCN production, in a living organism (
1470:
278:
10605:
9894:
9684:
8857:
7882:Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (TETS)
6740:
5238:
4909:from the original on 15 December 2023
4838:from the original on 14 December 2023
4823:
4790:
3558:
2965:
2812:(1). Walter de Gruyter GmbH: 49–188.
2714:CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
2693:
2671:(Report). World Health Organization.
2464:for an enzyme in mitochondria called
2116:
1559:from alkali metal cyanide salts, but
1463:compound has been used as inhalation
468:Key: LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
245:
9920:
4805:from the original on 5 December 2023
3953:
3285:[Research on prussic acid].
1851:in 1892. This method was used until
571:26 °C (79 °F; 299 K)
7971:Dimethyl(trifluoromethylthio)arsine
4824:Chang, Kenneth (14 December 2023).
3895:The Journal of Physical Chemistry A
3135:"Éxamen chymique de bleu de Prusse"
2952:Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
2860:
2834:
352:
322:
86:Spacefill model of hydrogen cyanide
24:
7587:Dimethylamidophosphoric dichloride
6629:Nexus for Exoplanet System Science
3489:"Chapter 10 : Methyl Bromide"
3196:[Memoir on prussic acid].
2744:"pKa's of Inorganic and Oxo-Acids"
1661:The most important process is the
1366:of the cyanide anion are known as
989:
81:
71:
25:
11567:
7602:Ethylphosphonoselenoic dichloride
7592:Dimethylamidophosphoric dicyanide
6529:Atomic and molecular astrophysics
5266:Molecules detected in outer space
5178:
3457:Food and Agriculture Organization
3398:"MSDS for potassium ferricyanide"
3283:"Recherche sur l'acide prussique"
3055:Leeuwen, P. W. N. M. van (2004).
2974:
2741:
2494:Perhaps its most infamous use is
7430:Dicyclohexyl phosphorofluoridate
6873:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin
6719:
6707:
6695:
6684:
6683:
5490:
5481:
5472:
5043:. Chemical Factory Draslovka a.s
4964:Environmental and Health Effects
4791:Green, Jaime (5 December 2023).
3505:from the original on 2022-10-09.
3262:[Note on prussic acid].
2711:Haynes, William M., ed. (2011).
2614:"hydrogen cyanide (CHEBI:18407)"
2393:as we know it, as well as other
1835:Historical methods of production
1409:Structure and general properties
1358:, represented as HCN, is called
1262:
898:
893:
888:
883:
97:
58:
11551:Soviet chemical weapons program
8838:List of chemical warfare agents
7061:Dibutylchloromethyltin chloride
6654:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
5230:Density of Hydrogen Cyanide gas
5160:
5130:
5105:
5079:
5054:
5033:
4997:
4976:
4942:
4921:
4850:
4817:
4784:
4770:
4714:
4686:
4633:
4580:
4527:
4474:
4369:
4328:
4293:
4264:
4199:
4140:
4089:
4062:
4019:
3947:
3886:
3789:
3750:
3699:
3648:
3630:Veterinary and Human Toxicology
3621:
3595:
3552:
3509:
3481:
3471:"New greenhouse gas identified"
3463:
3445:
3421:
3390:
3363:
3334:
3297:
3274:
3251:
3221:
3194:"Mémoire sur l'acide prussique"
3185:
3145:
3123:
3108:
3081:
3048:
2991:
2939:
2925:
2777:Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals
2756:from the original on 2022-10-09
2431:, and by the United States and
2413:As a poison and chemical weapon
1866:
1448:that some people are unable to
1373:Whether hydrogen cyanide is an
1258:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
5192:, Paris:INRS, 5pp. (PDF file,
5112:Pilkington, Ed (28 May 2021).
5011:Auschwitz, 1270 to the present
2806:Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry
2793:
2768:
2735:
2660:
2606:
13:
1:
6579:Extraterrestrial liquid water
5205:Hydrogen cyanide and cyanides
4376:Schilke P, Menten KM (2003).
4220:10.1016/S0040-4020(03)00153-4
3997:10.1016/S0006-8993(97)00659-8
3581:10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00425-1
3538:10.1016/S0041-0101(99)00128-2
2947:"Cyanide, inability to smell"
2909:10.1002/14356007.a08_159.pub2
2599:
2260:HCN has been detected in the
2133:Some authors have shown that
2128:
1960:
1515:Hydrogen cyanide reacts with
1136:(US health exposure limits):
7914:Trimethylolpropane phosphite
7460:Neopentylene fluorophosphate
5064:. 2015-07-17. Archived from
4322:10.1016/0019-1035(78)90171-9
4275:. In van Dishoeck EF (ed.).
4040:10.1016/j.neures.2004.01.006
3783:10.1016/j.icarus.2014.09.039
3677:10.1126/science.138.3539.512
3603:"Are Apple Cores Poisonous?"
3260:"Note sur l'acide prussique"
1779:, are reacted with ammonia.
1723:Of lesser importance is the
1617:In 1787, the French chemist
7:
11546:Gaseous signaling molecules
7696:3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexanol
7556:N,N-Diisopropylaminoethanol
7425:Diisopropyl fluorophosphate
5810:Protonated hydrogen cyanide
5225:Department of health review
5138:"The Poison Garden website"
4949:Weapons of War - Poison Gas
3798:Planetary and Space Science
3175:Opuscula Chemica et Physica
2481:Chemical Weapons Convention
2249:
2073:by four instruments on the
2064:
1917:, and the chelating agents
1879:, which are used mainly in
1771:In the Shawinigan Process,
1475:Hydrogen cyanide is weakly
1068:or concentration (LD, LC):
520:27.0253 g/mol
67:
10:
11572:
9686:
8535:Hexamethylene diisocyanate
8003:Phenylcarbylamine chloride
7329:Dimethylcarbamoyl fluoride
4927:Schnedlitz, Markus (2008)
4895:10.1038/s41550-023-02160-0
4756:10.1088/2041-8205/792/1/L2
2416:
2297:dissociative recombination
2264:and in the atmospheres of
2253:
2234:HCN and the origin of life
2093:CN intermediate, e.g., (CH
1944:HCN is used globally as a
1650:
1568:HgO + 2 HCN → Hg(CN)
1555:are typically prepared by
36:
29:
10639:
10540:
10379:
10121:
10017:
9929:
8908:
8893:
8833:
8793:Fluoroethyl fluoroacetate
8774:
8638:
8587:
8548:
8412:
8189:
8136:
7998:Perchloromethyl mercaptan
7927:
7728:
7503:
7417:
7409:4-686-293-01 (Agent 1-10)
7319:
7266:
7250:
7177:
7087:
7078:
7048:
7029:
6996:
6962:
6915:
6906:
6791:
6678:
6569:Earliest known life forms
6564:Diffuse interstellar band
6504:
6424:
6349:
6240:
6175:
6115:
6043:
6035:Protonated cyanoacetylene
5949:
5843:
5805:Protonated carbon dioxide
5765:Hydromagnesium isocyanide
5713:
5499:
5470:
5281:
5272:
5170:. NIOSH. 2 November 2018.
5007:; Dwork, Debórah (1996).
4725:The Astrophysical Journal
4672:10.1017/S1743921307013609
4642:Proceedings IAU Symposium
3818:10.1016/j.pss.2009.06.016
3228:Newbold BT (1999-11-01).
2462:non-competitive inhibitor
2307:NC, exclusively produces
2069:HCN has been measured in
1929:process, HCN is added to
1752:This reaction is akin to
1681:react in the presence of
1252:
1179:
1130:
1064:
864:
859:
784:
741:orthorhombic (<170 K)
726:
497:
477:
452:
167:
132:
120:
110:
105:
96:
66:
57:
8510:Chloroacetophenone oxime
8495:Bromomethyl ethyl ketone
8103:Trifluoroacetyl chloride
8013:Tetrachlorodinitroethane
7660:Phosphorus pentachloride
7485:Methanesulfonyl fluoride
6614:Iron–sulfur world theory
6609:Photodissociation region
6312:Methyl-cyano-diacetylene
5190:Fiche toxicologique n° 4
3925:10.1021/acs.jpca.8b11323
3871:10.3847/1538-4357/abae5c
3429:"Potassium ferricyanide"
3372:Chemie Ingenieur Technik
3328:10.1002/ange.19350483702
3102:10.15227/orgsyn.048.0060
2316:photon-dominated regions
2284:have all been observed.
2226:HCN is a constituent of
2152:between neuronal cells (
2042:Paropsisterna eucalyptus
1871:HCN is the precursor to
1657:Production and synthesis
957:Precautionary statements
528:Colorless liquid or gas
8789:(variants and mixtures)
8058:Trichloronitrosomethane
8053:Trifluoronitrosomethane
7628:Methyldichlorophosphine
6689:Category:Astrochemistry
6279:, fullerene, buckyball)
5966:Cyanobutadiynyl radical
5941:Silicon-carbide cluster
5931:Protonated formaldehyde
3810:2009P&SS...57.1895M
3167:Reprinted in Latin as:
2903:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.
2819:10.1515/revic-2021-0044
2295:+ N → HCN + H) and via
1965:HCN is obtainable from
1635:Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac
1619:Claude Louis Berthollet
1389:, where R is typically
1385:which have the formula
1120:759 ppm (rabbit, 1 min)
1118:107 ppm (human, 10 min)
1114:200 ppm (mammal, 5 min)
8588:Cornea-clouding agents
8083:Phosphorus trichloride
7665:Phosphorus trichloride
7399:Miotine (AR-28/T-1843)
6853:Phosphorus trifluoride
6702:Outer space portal
6544:Circumstellar envelope
5509:Aluminium(I) hydroxide
5419:Phosphorus mononitride
5296:Aluminium monofluoride
5291:Aluminium monochloride
4931:. GRIN Verlag. p. 13.
4071:Federation Proceedings
3725:10.3390/insects9020051
3384:10.1002/cite.330300506
3281:Gay-Lussac JL (1815).
3258:Gay-Lussac JL (1811).
3234:Canadian Chemical News
3205:Berthollet CL (1789).
3192:Berthollet CL (1789).
3024:10.1002/anie.201915206
3004:] and [CN(HCN)
2512:
2496:
2372:Hubble Space Telescope
2282:rotational transitions
2174:receptors in cultured
2123:Late Heavy Bombardment
2061:
1801:potassium ferricyanide
1413:Hydrogen cyanide is a
1186:Related alkanenitriles
1149:TWA 10 ppm (11 mg/m)
1126:179 ppm (human, 1 hr)
1124:357 ppm (human, 2 min)
1088:323 ppm (mouse, 5 min)
1000:
739:tetragonal (>170 K)
87:
77:
7982:Disulfur decafluoride
7783:Chlorophenylsilatrane
7691:2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
6599:Interplanetary medium
6574:Extraterrestrial life
6212:Octatetraynyl radical
5830:Tricarbon monosulfide
5377:Magnesium monohydride
5142:Thepoisongarden.co.uk
4589:Astrophysical Journal
4483:Astrophysical Journal
4430:Astrophysical Journal
4382:Astrophysical Journal
4341:Astrophysical Journal
4271:Jørgensen UG (1997).
4238:Astrophysical Journal
4115:10.3390/ijerph8020613
4028:Neuroscience Research
3954:Wade N (2015-05-04).
3840:Astrophysical Journal
3200:(in French): 148–161.
2399:microbial communities
2385:, moon of the planet
2055:
2026:Desmoxytes purpurosea
2007:cyanogenic glycosides
1489:of 9.2. It partially
1452:owing to a recessive
1162:ST 4.7 ppm (5 mg/m)
1116:36 ppm (mammal, 2 hr)
1096:323 ppm (rat, 5 min)
1094:160 ppm (rat, 30 min)
1092:170 ppm (rat, 30 min)
1090:275 ppm (rat, 15 min)
999:
668:4.79 (cyanide anion)
465:InChI=1S/CHN/c1-2/h1H
122:Systematic IUPAC name
85:
75:
8782:Methyl fluoroacetate
8610:Methyl cyanoacrylate
8530:Allyl isothiocyanate
8118:Uranium hexafluoride
8073:Dinitrogen tetroxide
8018:Chlorine trifluoride
7066:Selenium oxychloride
6936:Phenyldichloroarsine
6930:Methyldichloroarsine
6868:Nickel tetracarbonyl
6726:Chemistry portal
6714:Astronomy portal
6660:RNA world hypothesis
6644:PAH world hypothesis
6337:Heptatrienyl radical
6269:Buckminsterfullerene
6157:Methylcyanoacetylene
5665:Silicon carbonitride
5640:Methylidynephosphane
5606:Magnesium isocyanide
5514:Aluminium isocyanide
5316:Carbon monophosphide
5005:Van Pelt, Robert Jan
3804:(14–15): 1895–1916.
2466:cytochrome c oxidase
2458:cellular respiration
2276:through a number of
2217:sodium nitroprusside
2196:generate HCN during
2148:and plays a role in
2077:, one instrument on
1841:George Thomas Beilby
1601:Carl Wilhelm Scheele
1582:History of discovery
1122:759 ppm (cat, 1 min)
1086:501 ppm (rat, 5 min)
1080:median concentration
982:(fire diamond)
722:0.183 mPa·s (25 °C)
141:Hydridonitridocarbon
11556:Triatomic molecules
11541:Inorganic compounds
8475:Bromobenzyl cyanide
8243:Dimethylheptylpyran
8171:Diphenylcyanoarsine
8166:Diphenylchlorarsine
8098:Methyl vinyl ketone
8023:Perchloryl fluoride
7887:Bicyclic phosphates
7706:Trimethyl phosphite
7655:Phosphoryl chloride
6924:Ethyldichloroarsine
6898:Chloral cyanohydrin
6888:Acetone cyanohydrin
6858:Methyl cyanoformate
6604:Interstellar medium
6584:Forbidden mechanism
6397:Hydrogen isocyanide
6087:Hexatriynyl radical
5670:c-Silicon dicarbide
5575:Hydrogen isocyanide
5439:Silicon monosulfide
5414:Phosphorus monoxide
5382:Methylidyne radical
5341:Fluoromethylidynium
5301:Aluminium(II) oxide
5148:on 10 February 2020
4951:. firstworldwar.com
4887:2024NatAs...8..164P
4748:2014ApJ...792L...2C
4664:2007IAUS..242..462L
4611:2003ApJ...592L..79W
4558:2004ApJS..152...63G
4505:2004ApJ...606..271G
4452:2005ApJ...632..302B
4394:2003ApJ...583..446S
4353:2000ApJ...543..897B
4314:1978Icar...34..331T
4250:1971ApJ...163L..47S
4174:10.3390/life3030421
4165:2013Life....3..421R
3917:2019JPCA..123.1861P
3862:2020ApJ...901..110P
3775:2015Icar..247..218L
3669:1962Sci...138..512B
3573:1998PChem..47..155J
3530:2000Txcn...38...11V
3320:1935AngCh..48..593A
3152:Scheele CW (1782).
3141:(in French): 60–77.
3018:(26): 10508–10513.
2521:extermination camps
2309:hydrogen isocyanide
2262:interstellar medium
2150:signal transduction
2075:Cassini space probe
2020:Harpaphe haydeniana
1985:, and nuts such as
1900:methyl methacrylate
1887:mining and for the
1663:Andrussow oxidation
1547:diaminomaleonitrile
1471:Chemical properties
1435:hydrogen isocyanide
1299:(formerly known as
1194:Hydrogen isocyanide
804:35.9 J K mol (gas)
578:Solubility in water
54:
11536:Hydrogen compounds
10633:Hydrogen compounds
8843:CB military symbol
8701:Enterotoxin type B
8656:Cyclopiazonic acid
8615:N-Methylmorpholine
8515:Ethyl bromoacetate
7993:Ethyl bromoacetate
7960:Perfluoroisobutene
7701:Triethyl phosphite
6972:Levinstein mustard
6863:Iron pentacarbonyl
6624:Molecules in stars
6594:Intergalactic dust
6539:Circumstellar dust
6481:Naphthalene cation
6416:Trihydrogen cation
6392:Hydrogen deuteride
6317:Methyltriacetylene
6152:Hexapentaenylidene
5971:E-Cyanomethanimine
5891:Cyclopropenylidene
5825:Tricarbon monoxide
5815:Silicon tricarbide
5785:Methylene amidogen
5775:Isothiocyanic acid
5690:Thioxoethenylidene
5650:Trihydrogen cation
5464:Titanium(II) oxide
5424:Potassium chloride
5403:Sulfur mononitride
5346:Helium hydride ion
5321:Carbon monosulfide
5015:. Norton. p.
4984:"Hydrogen Cyanide"
4969:2012-11-30 at the
4831:The New York Times
4273:"Cool Star Models"
3960:The New York Times
2871:"Hydrogen cyanide"
2775:Patnaik P (2002).
2644:"Hydrogen Cyanide"
2549:Operation Downfall
2354:C/2012 F6 (Lemmon)
2272:from ground-based
2117:On the young Earth
2071:Titan's atmosphere
2062:
2039:and the larvae of
1915:Strecker synthesis
1760:and water to give
1756:, the reaction of
1313:structural formula
1285:Infobox references
1180:Related compounds
1171:(Immediate danger)
1001:
88:
78:
52:
11508:
11507:
10599:
10598:
9888:
9887:
9882:
9881:
8851:
8850:
8661:Histrionicotoxins
8639:Biological toxins
8520:Ethyl iodoacetate
8088:Methyl isocyanate
8048:Selenoyl fluoride
8038:Mercuric chloride
8008:Tetranitromethane
7862:Sulfuryl fluoride
7847:HN3 hydrochloride
7842:HN2 hydrochloride
7837:HN1 hydrochloride
7724:
7723:
7681:Phenacyl chloride
7676:Pinacolyl alcohol
7622:Isopropyl alcohol
7617:4-Hydroxycoumarin
7551:1,8-Dibromooctane
7074:
7073:
6998:Nitrogen mustards
6811:Cyanogen chloride
6734:
6733:
6649:Pseudo-panspermia
6345:
6344:
6292:Cyanodecapentayne
6232:N-Methylformamide
6207:Methyldiacetylene
6132:Aminoacetonitrile
6102:Methyl isocyanate
6020:Methyl isocyanide
5901:Isocyanoacetylene
5881:Cyanoformaldehyde
5760:Hydrogen peroxide
5645:Potassium cyanide
5601:Magnesium cyanide
5554:Disilicon carbide
5549:Dicarbon monoxide
5356:Hydrogen fluoride
5351:Hydrogen chloride
4214:(16): 2749–2763.
3663:(3539): 512–513.
3307:Angewandte Chemie
3287:Annales de Chimie
3264:Annales de Chimie
3211:Annales de Chimie
3090:Organic Syntheses
2977:"Poison Harpoons"
2717:(92nd ed.).
2580:potassium cyanide
2557:Manhattan Project
2545:cyanogen chloride
2531:as part of their
2419:Cyanide poisoning
2403:organic synthesis
2401:or drive complex
2395:organic molecules
2287:HCN is formed in
2154:neurotransmission
2087:mass spectrometry
1951:sulfuryl fluoride
1937:, a precursor to
1877:potassium cyanide
1808:6 H + [Fe(CN)
1344:potassium cyanide
1318:. It is a highly
1305:chemical compound
1293:Chemical compound
1291:
1290:
1234:Aminoacetonitrile
1224:Cyanogen fluoride
1219:Cyanogen chloride
923:Hazard statements
734:Crystal structure
647:9.21 (in water),
421:CompTox Dashboard
209:Interactive image
150:Hydrogen cyanide
144:Hydrocyanic acid
138:Formic anammonide
92:
91:
53:Hydrogen cyanide
43:Cyanogen fluoride
39:Cyanogen chloride
16:(Redirected from
11563:
11500:
11489:
11478:
11464:
11450:
11436:
11425:
11410:
11392:
11374:
11356:
11345:
11327:
11313:
11299:
11275:
11260:
11246:
11232:
11218:
11207:
11193:
11182:
11167:
11149:
11131:
11117:
11103:
11089:
11075:
11061:
11047:
11033:
11022:
11008:
10997:
10979:
10969:
10949:
10934:
10920:
10906:
10896:
10886:
10876:
10846:
10832:
10818:
10803:
10779:
10769:
10759:
10739:
10729:
10719:
10699:
10688:
10667:
10653:
10626:
10619:
10612:
10603:
10602:
10589:
10577:
10553:
10542:Oxidation states
10371:
10370:
10339:
10338:
10273:
10272:
10237:
10236:
10225:
10224:
10170:
10169:
9915:
9908:
9901:
9892:
9891:
9847:
9830:
9820:
9805:
9789:
9779:
9766:
9756:
9746:
9730:
9720:
9711:
9701:
9611:
9601:
9586:
9577:
9512:
9499:
9474:
9465:
9455:
9445:
9435:
9425:
9410:
9377:
9365:
9340:
9331:
9322:
9315:
9297:
9283:
9273:
9264:
9254:
9244:
9215:
9205:
9204:
9193:
9144:
9132:
9107:
9098:
9085:
9078:
9068:
9054:
9044:
9034:
9009:
8996:
8989:
8979:
8965:
8927:
8897:
8896:
8878:
8871:
8864:
8855:
8854:
8825:White phosphorus
8802:post-combustion
8798:Depleted uranium
8625:Osmium tetroxide
8505:Phenacyl bromide
8068:Nitrogen dioxide
8043:Selenium dioxide
8033:Cadmium chloride
7490:Dimefox (TL-792)
7085:
7084:
6913:
6912:
6838:Hydrogen sulfide
6817:Hydrogen cyanide
6806:Cyanogen bromide
6772:chemical warfare
6761:
6754:
6747:
6738:
6737:
6724:
6723:
6722:
6712:
6711:
6710:
6700:
6699:
6698:
6687:
6686:
6634:Organic compound
6534:Chemical formula
6439:Dihydroxyacetone
6387:Hydrogen cyanide
6072:Cyanodiacetylene
5926:Propadienylidene
5820:Thioformaldehyde
5695:Titanium dioxide
5660:Sodium hydroxide
5581:Hydrogen sulfide
5569:Hydrogen cyanide
5529:Carbonyl sulfide
5494:
5485:
5476:
5434:Silicon monoxide
5367:Hydroxyl radical
5279:
5278:
5259:
5252:
5245:
5236:
5235:
5172:
5171:
5164:
5158:
5157:
5155:
5153:
5144:. Archived from
5134:
5128:
5127:
5125:
5124:
5109:
5103:
5102:
5100:
5098:
5083:
5077:
5076:
5074:
5073:
5058:
5052:
5051:
5049:
5048:
5037:
5031:
5030:
5014:
5001:
4995:
4994:
4992:
4991:
4980:
4974:
4961:
4952:
4946:
4940:
4925:
4919:
4918:
4916:
4914:
4880:
4864:Nature Astronomy
4854:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4843:
4821:
4815:
4814:
4812:
4810:
4788:
4782:
4781:
4774:
4768:
4767:
4741:
4718:
4712:
4711:
4709:
4707:
4690:
4684:
4683:
4657:
4637:
4631:
4630:
4604:
4602:astro-ph/0306543
4584:
4578:
4577:
4551:
4549:astro-ph/0310341
4531:
4525:
4524:
4498:
4496:astro-ph/0310339
4478:
4472:
4471:
4445:
4443:astro-ph/0506535
4425:
4416:
4415:
4405:
4373:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4332:
4326:
4325:
4297:
4291:
4290:
4268:
4262:
4261:
4233:
4224:
4223:
4203:
4197:
4196:
4186:
4176:
4144:
4138:
4137:
4127:
4117:
4093:
4087:
4086:
4066:
4060:
4059:
4023:
4017:
4016:
3991:(1–2): 294–300.
3980:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3966:
3951:
3945:
3944:
3910:
3901:(9): 1861–1873.
3890:
3884:
3883:
3873:
3855:
3831:
3822:
3821:
3793:
3787:
3786:
3754:
3748:
3747:
3737:
3727:
3703:
3697:
3696:
3652:
3646:
3645:
3625:
3619:
3618:
3616:
3614:
3599:
3593:
3592:
3556:
3550:
3549:
3513:
3507:
3506:
3504:
3493:
3485:
3479:
3478:
3477:. 11 March 2009.
3467:
3461:
3460:
3449:
3443:
3442:
3425:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3409:
3403:. Archived from
3402:
3394:
3388:
3387:
3367:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3357:
3348:. Archived from
3338:
3332:
3331:
3301:
3295:
3294:
3278:
3272:
3271:
3255:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3236:. Archived from
3225:
3219:
3218:
3201:
3189:
3183:
3182:
3165:
3149:
3143:
3142:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3112:
3106:
3105:
3085:
3079:
3078:
3052:
3046:
3045:
3035:
2995:
2989:
2988:
2983:. Archived from
2972:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2943:
2937:
2936:
2929:
2923:
2922:
2894:
2883:
2882:
2867:
2858:
2857:
2845:
2832:
2831:
2821:
2797:
2791:
2790:
2772:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2755:
2748:
2739:
2733:
2732:
2708:
2691:
2690:
2664:
2658:
2657:
2640:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2625:
2610:
2515:
2501:
2470:chemical weapons
2358:C/2012 S1 (ISON)
2190:HCN production.
2176:pheochromocytoma
2101:CN + H → HCN + H
1853:Hamilton Castner
1830:
1829:
1828:
1825:
1820:
1819:
1816:
1792:
1748:
1711:
1667:Leonid Andrussow
1652:
1577:
1561:mercuric cyanide
1541:
1511:
1504:
1440:HCN has a faint
1388:
1375:organic compound
1360:hydrocyanic acid
1332:room temperature
1317:
1297:Hydrogen cyanide
1275:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1214:Cyanogen bromide
1108:lowest published
1056:Explosive limits
1021:
1014:
1007:
992:
972:
968:
964:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
902:
897:
892:
887:
851:
824:
800:
785:Thermochemistry
699:Refractive index
607:100 kPa (25 °C)
505:Chemical formula
445:
444:
429:
427:
401:
365:
354:
343:
341:Hydrogen+Cyanide
326:
299:
291:
280:
269:
249:
229:
211:
187:
101:
68:
62:
55:
51:
21:
11571:
11570:
11566:
11565:
11564:
11562:
11561:
11560:
11511:
11510:
11509:
11504:
11498:
11494:
11487:
11483:
11477:
11473:
11469:
11463:
11459:
11455:
11449:
11445:
11441:
11434:
11430:
11423:
11419:
11415:
11409:
11405:
11401:
11397:
11391:
11387:
11383:
11379:
11373:
11369:
11365:
11361:
11354:
11350:
11344:
11340:
11336:
11332:
11326:
11322:
11318:
11312:
11308:
11304:
11298:
11294:
11290:
11273:
11269:
11265:
11259:
11255:
11251:
11245:
11241:
11237:
11231:
11227:
11223:
11216:
11212:
11206:
11202:
11198:
11191:
11187:
11180:
11176:
11172:
11166:
11162:
11158:
11154:
11148:
11144:
11140:
11136:
11130:
11126:
11122:
11116:
11112:
11108:
11102:
11098:
11094:
11088:
11084:
11080:
11074:
11070:
11066:
11060:
11056:
11052:
11046:
11042:
11038:
11031:
11027:
11021:
11017:
11013:
11006:
11002:
10996:
10992:
10988:
10984:
10978:
10974:
10968:
10964:
10948:
10944:
10933:
10929:
10925:
10919:
10915:
10911:
10905:
10901:
10895:
10891:
10885:
10881:
10875:
10871:
10845:
10841:
10837:
10831:
10827:
10823:
10817:
10813:
10809:
10805:
10802:
10798:
10794:
10778:
10774:
10768:
10764:
10758:
10754:
10738:
10734:
10728:
10724:
10718:
10714:
10697:
10693:
10686:
10682:
10666:
10662:
10658:
10652:
10648:
10644:
10635:
10630:
10600:
10595:
10583:
10571:
10547:
10536:
10532:
10524:
10516:
10508:
10499:
10491:
10487:
10478:
10470:
10462:
10454:
10446:
10438:
10430:
10422:
10412:
10403:
10395:
10375:
10369:
10366:
10365:
10364:
10362:
10355:
10351:
10347:
10337:
10334:
10333:
10332:
10325:
10318:
10314:
10301:
10293:
10289:
10280:
10271:
10268:
10267:
10266:
10264:
10257:
10245:
10235:
10232:
10231:
10230:
10223:
10220:
10219:
10218:
10213:
10205:
10201:
10193:
10189:
10182:
10168:
10165:
10164:
10163:
10158:
10150:
10146:
10138:
10117:
10113:
10100:
10096:
10072:
10064:
10041:
10028:
10013:
10007:
9998:
9990:
9982:
9978:
9969:
9956:
9948:
9940:
9925:
9919:
9889:
9884:
9883:
9846:
9842:
9838:
9829:
9825:
9819:
9815:
9804:
9800:
9788:
9784:
9778:
9774:
9765:
9761:
9755:
9751:
9745:
9741:
9729:
9725:
9719:
9715:
9713:
9710:
9706:
9700:
9696:
9610:
9606:
9600:
9596:
9585:
9581:
9579:
9576:
9572:
9568:
9563:
9558:
9552:
9550:
9545:
9543:
9526:
9511:
9507:
9498:
9494:
9473:
9469:
9467:
9464:
9460:
9454:
9450:
9444:
9440:
9434:
9430:
9424:
9420:
9409:
9405:
9391:
9376:
9372:
9364:
9360:
9339:
9335:
9333:
9330:
9326:
9324:
9320:
9313:
9309:
9305:
9301:
9299:
9295:
9291:
9287:
9285:
9282:
9278:
9272:
9268:
9266:
9263:
9259:
9253:
9249:
9243:
9239:
9229:
9224:
9222:
9217:
9214:
9210:
9203:
9200:
9199:
9198:
9195:
9192:
9188:
9183:
9178:
9176:
9171:
9169:
9158:
9143:
9139:
9131:
9127:
9106:
9102:
9100:
9097:
9093:
9091:
9087:
9083:
9077:
9073:
9066:
9062:
9058:
9056:
9053:
9049:
9043:
9039:
9033:
9029:
9008:
9004:
9002:
8998:
8994:
8987:
8983:
8981:
8977:
8973:
8971:
8967:
8963:
8959:
8954:
8950:
8945:
8943:
8935:
8926:
8922:
8889:
8882:
8852:
8847:
8829:
8770:
8681:Botulinum toxin
8634:
8583:
8544:
8460:Benzyl chloride
8415:
8408:
8192:
8185:
8176:Cacodyl cyanide
8138:Vomiting agents
8132:
7930:
7923:
7832:Dimethylmercury
7754:Botulinum toxin
7720:
7499:
7413:
7315:
7268:Novichok agents
7262:
7246:
7173:
7070:
7044:
7025:
6992:
6964:Sulfur mustards
6958:
6902:
6848:Carbon monoxide
6828:Cacodyl cyanide
6787:
6786:
6770:Agents used in
6765:
6735:
6730:
6720:
6718:
6708:
6706:
6696:
6694:
6674:
6500:
6476:
6467:
6420:
6410:
6353:
6341:
6322:Propionaldehyde
6297:Ethylene glycol
6286:
6278:
6274:
6245:
6243:
6236:
6192:Cyanohexatriyne
6178:
6171:
6118:
6111:
6046:
6039:
5999:
5952:
5945:
5916:Methoxy radical
5846:
5839:
5835:Thiocyanic acid
5716:
5709:
5619:
5559:Ethynyl radical
5495:
5489:
5488:
5487:
5486:
5480:
5479:
5478:
5477:
5468:
5459:Sulfur monoxide
5444:Sodium chloride
5429:Silicon carbide
5336:Diatomic carbon
5326:Carbon monoxide
5268:
5263:
5181:
5176:
5175:
5166:
5165:
5161:
5151:
5149:
5136:
5135:
5131:
5122:
5120:
5110:
5106:
5096:
5094:
5084:
5080:
5071:
5069:
5060:
5059:
5055:
5046:
5044:
5039:
5038:
5034:
5027:
5002:
4998:
4989:
4987:
4982:
4981:
4977:
4971:Wayback Machine
4962:
4955:
4947:
4943:
4926:
4922:
4912:
4910:
4855:
4851:
4841:
4839:
4822:
4818:
4808:
4806:
4789:
4785:
4776:
4775:
4771:
4719:
4715:
4705:
4703:
4691:
4687:
4638:
4634:
4585:
4581:
4532:
4528:
4479:
4475:
4426:
4419:
4374:
4370:
4333:
4329:
4298:
4294:
4287:
4269:
4265:
4234:
4227:
4204:
4200:
4145:
4141:
4094:
4090:
4067:
4063:
4024:
4020:
3981:
3974:
3964:
3962:
3952:
3948:
3891:
3887:
3832:
3825:
3794:
3790:
3755:
3751:
3704:
3700:
3653:
3649:
3626:
3622:
3612:
3610:
3609:on 6 March 2014
3601:
3600:
3596:
3557:
3553:
3514:
3510:
3502:
3491:
3487:
3486:
3482:
3469:
3468:
3464:
3451:
3450:
3446:
3427:
3426:
3422:
3413:
3411:
3407:
3400:
3396:
3395:
3391:
3368:
3364:
3355:
3353:
3340:
3339:
3335:
3314:(37): 593–595.
3302:
3298:
3279:
3275:
3256:
3252:
3243:
3241:
3226:
3222:
3202:
3190:
3186:
3166:
3150:
3146:
3128:
3124:
3113:
3109:
3086:
3082:
3067:
3053:
3049:
3007:
3003:
2996:
2992:
2973:
2966:
2957:
2955:
2945:
2944:
2940:
2931:
2930:
2926:
2919:
2895:
2886:
2869:
2868:
2861:
2846:
2835:
2798:
2794:
2787:
2779:. McGraw-Hill.
2773:
2769:
2759:
2757:
2753:
2746:
2740:
2736:
2729:
2709:
2694:
2679:
2665:
2661:
2642:
2641:
2632:
2623:
2621:
2612:
2611:
2607:
2602:
2585:Under the name
2483:lists it under
2460:. It acts as a
2421:
2415:
2405:leading to the
2338:
2306:
2294:
2258:
2252:
2236:
2200:, and can kill
2131:
2119:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2067:
2005:plants contain
1963:
1869:
1837:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1807:
1790:
1762:carbon monoxide
1754:steam reforming
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1659:
1629:into German as
1584:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1557:salt metathesis
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1487:
1473:
1433:of HCN is HNC,
1415:linear molecule
1411:
1386:
1330:slightly above
1315:
1294:
1287:
1282:
1281:
1280: ?)
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1248:
1209:Cyanogen iodide
1204:Thiocyanic acid
1187:
1172:
1159:
1146:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1111:
1105:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1077:
1047:
1044:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1016:
1009:
1002:
998:
990:
959:
925:
911:
880:
852:
849:
843:
839:
836:
835:Std enthalpy of
825:
822:
815:
812:
801:
794:
777:
765:
763:Molecular shape
756:
750:
740:
736:
709:
707:
664:
649:12.9 (in DMSO)
643:
626:
624:
615:
580:
507:
493:
490:
485:
484:
473:
470:
469:
466:
460:
459:
448:
430:
423:
404:
384:
368:
355:
329:
309:
272:
252:
232:
214:
201:
190:
177:
163:
162:
128:
127:
116:
50:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
11569:
11559:
11558:
11553:
11548:
11543:
11538:
11533:
11528:
11523:
11506:
11505:
11503:
11502:
11496:
11491:
11485:
11480:
11475:
11471:
11466:
11461:
11457:
11452:
11447:
11443:
11438:
11432:
11427:
11421:
11417:
11412:
11407:
11403:
11399:
11394:
11389:
11385:
11381:
11376:
11371:
11367:
11363:
11358:
11352:
11347:
11342:
11338:
11334:
11329:
11324:
11320:
11315:
11310:
11306:
11301:
11296:
11292:
11287:
11282:
11277:
11271:
11267:
11262:
11257:
11253:
11248:
11243:
11239:
11234:
11229:
11225:
11220:
11214:
11209:
11204:
11200:
11195:
11189:
11184:
11178:
11174:
11169:
11164:
11160:
11156:
11151:
11146:
11142:
11138:
11133:
11128:
11124:
11119:
11114:
11110:
11105:
11100:
11096:
11091:
11086:
11082:
11077:
11072:
11068:
11063:
11058:
11054:
11049:
11044:
11040:
11035:
11029:
11024:
11019:
11015:
11010:
11004:
10999:
10994:
10990:
10986:
10981:
10976:
10971:
10966:
10961:
10956:
10951:
10946:
10941:
10936:
10931:
10927:
10922:
10917:
10913:
10908:
10903:
10898:
10893:
10888:
10883:
10878:
10873:
10868:
10863:
10858:
10853:
10848:
10843:
10839:
10834:
10829:
10825:
10820:
10815:
10811:
10807:
10800:
10796:
10791:
10786:
10781:
10776:
10771:
10766:
10761:
10756:
10751:
10746:
10741:
10736:
10731:
10726:
10721:
10716:
10711:
10706:
10701:
10695:
10690:
10684:
10679:
10674:
10669:
10664:
10660:
10655:
10650:
10646:
10640:
10637:
10636:
10629:
10628:
10621:
10614:
10606:
10597:
10596:
10546:
10544:
10538:
10537:
10535:
10534:
10530:
10526:
10522:
10518:
10514:
10510:
10506:
10502:
10497:
10493:
10489:
10485:
10481:
10476:
10472:
10468:
10464:
10460:
10456:
10452:
10448:
10444:
10440:
10436:
10432:
10428:
10424:
10420:
10416:
10410:
10405:
10401:
10397:
10393:
10389:
10383:
10381:
10377:
10376:
10374:
10373:
10367:
10360:
10353:
10349:
10345:
10341:
10335:
10328:
10323:
10316:
10312:
10308:
10299:
10295:
10291:
10287:
10283:
10278:
10269:
10262:
10255:
10247:
10243:
10239:
10233:
10221:
10211:
10207:
10203:
10199:
10195:
10191:
10187:
10180:
10176:
10166:
10156:
10152:
10148:
10144:
10140:
10136:
10127:
10125:
10119:
10118:
10116:
10115:
10111:
10107:
10102:
10098:
10094:
10090:
10085:
10080:
10075:
10070:
10066:
10062:
10058:
10053:
10048:
10043:
10039:
10035:
10030:
10026:
10021:
10019:
10015:
10014:
10012:
10011:
10005:
10000:
9996:
9992:
9988:
9984:
9980:
9976:
9972:
9967:
9963:
9958:
9954:
9950:
9946:
9942:
9938:
9933:
9931:
9927:
9926:
9918:
9917:
9910:
9903:
9895:
9886:
9885:
9880:
9879:
9876:
9873:
9870:
9867:
9864:
9861:
9858:
9855:
9852:
9849:
9844:
9840:
9835:
9832:
9827:
9822:
9817:
9812:
9808:
9807:
9802:
9797:
9794:
9791:
9786:
9781:
9776:
9771:
9768:
9763:
9758:
9753:
9748:
9743:
9738:
9735:
9732:
9727:
9722:
9717:
9708:
9703:
9698:
9693:
9689:
9688:
9685:
9682:
9681:
9678:
9675:
9672:
9669:
9666:
9663:
9660:
9657:
9654:
9651:
9648:
9645:
9642:
9639:
9636:
9633:
9630:
9627:
9623:
9622:
9619:
9616:
9613:
9608:
9603:
9598:
9593:
9588:
9583:
9574:
9570:
9565:
9561:
9553:
9548:
9541:
9537:
9534:
9531:
9528:
9524:
9520:
9517:
9514:
9509:
9504:
9501:
9496:
9491:
9485:
9484:
9481:
9476:
9471:
9462:
9457:
9452:
9447:
9442:
9437:
9432:
9427:
9422:
9417:
9412:
9407:
9402:
9399:
9396:
9393:
9389:
9385:
9382:
9379:
9374:
9369:
9367:
9362:
9357:
9351:
9350:
9347:
9342:
9337:
9328:
9317:
9311:
9307:
9303:
9293:
9289:
9280:
9275:
9270:
9261:
9256:
9251:
9246:
9241:
9236:
9231:
9227:
9220:
9212:
9207:
9201:
9190:
9185:
9181:
9174:
9167:
9163:
9160:
9156:
9152:
9149:
9146:
9141:
9136:
9134:
9129:
9124:
9118:
9117:
9114:
9109:
9104:
9095:
9080:
9075:
9070:
9064:
9060:
9051:
9046:
9041:
9036:
9031:
9026:
9020:
9019:
9016:
9011:
9006:
8991:
8985:
8975:
8961:
8956:
8952:
8948:
8941:
8937:
8933:
8929:
8924:
8919:
8913:
8912:
8909:
8907:
8905:
8903:
8895:
8894:
8891:
8890:
8881:
8880:
8873:
8866:
8858:
8849:
8848:
8846:
8845:
8840:
8834:
8831:
8830:
8828:
8827:
8822:
8817:
8808:
8807:
8806:
8804:uranium oxides
8795:
8790:
8784:
8778:
8776:
8772:
8771:
8769:
8768:
8763:
8758:
8753:
8748:
8743:
8738:
8733:
8728:
8723:
8718:
8713:
8708:
8703:
8698:
8693:
8688:
8683:
8678:
8673:
8668:
8663:
8658:
8653:
8648:
8642:
8640:
8636:
8635:
8633:
8632:
8627:
8622:
8617:
8612:
8607:
8602:
8597:
8591:
8589:
8585:
8584:
8582:
8581:
8576:
8571:
8566:
8561:
8555:
8553:
8546:
8545:
8543:
8542:
8540:Crotonaldehyde
8537:
8532:
8527:
8522:
8517:
8512:
8507:
8502:
8497:
8492:
8487:
8482:
8477:
8472:
8467:
8465:Benzyl bromide
8462:
8457:
8452:
8447:
8442:
8437:
8432:
8426:
8420:
8418:
8410:
8409:
8407:
8406:
8404:Chlorpromazine
8401:
8396:
8391:
8386:
8381:
8376:
8371:
8366:
8361:
8356:
8351:
8346:
8341:
8336:
8331:
8326:
8321:
8316:
8311:
8306:
8301:
8296:
8291:
8286:
8281:
8276:
8271:
8266:
8261:
8256:
8251:
8246:
8240:
8235:
8230:
8225:
8220:
8214:
8209:
8204:
8197:
8195:
8191:Incapacitating
8187:
8186:
8184:
8183:
8178:
8173:
8168:
8163:
8154:
8149:
8142:
8140:
8134:
8133:
8131:
8130:
8125:
8120:
8115:
8110:
8105:
8100:
8095:
8090:
8085:
8080:
8078:Sulfur dioxide
8075:
8070:
8065:
8060:
8055:
8050:
8045:
8040:
8035:
8030:
8025:
8020:
8015:
8010:
8005:
8000:
7995:
7990:
7985:
7979:
7973:
7968:
7962:
7957:
7952:
7946:
7941:
7935:
7933:
7931:choking agents
7925:
7924:
7922:
7921:
7916:
7911:
7906:
7905:
7904:
7899:
7894:
7884:
7879:
7874:
7869:
7864:
7859:
7854:
7849:
7844:
7839:
7834:
7829:
7827:Tetraethyllead
7824:
7818:
7813:
7807:
7802:
7797:
7791:
7785:
7780:
7774:
7768:
7763:
7757:
7751:
7746:
7740:
7734:
7732:
7726:
7725:
7722:
7721:
7719:
7718:
7713:
7708:
7703:
7698:
7693:
7688:
7683:
7678:
7673:
7668:
7662:
7657:
7652:
7647:
7642:
7637:
7631:
7625:
7619:
7614:
7609:
7604:
7599:
7594:
7589:
7584:
7579:
7574:
7569:
7564:
7559:
7553:
7548:
7543:
7538:
7533:
7531:A.P.C. complex
7528:
7523:
7518:
7513:
7507:
7505:
7501:
7500:
7498:
7497:
7492:
7487:
7482:
7477:
7472:
7467:
7462:
7457:
7452:
7447:
7442:
7437:
7432:
7427:
7421:
7419:
7415:
7414:
7412:
7411:
7406:
7401:
7396:
7391:
7386:
7381:
7376:
7371:
7366:
7361:
7356:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7325:
7323:
7317:
7316:
7314:
7313:
7308:
7303:
7298:
7293:
7288:
7283:
7278:
7272:
7270:
7264:
7263:
7261:
7260:
7254:
7252:
7248:
7247:
7245:
7244:
7242:V-sub x (GD-7)
7239:
7234:
7229:
7224:
7219:
7214:
7209:
7204:
7199:
7194:
7189:
7183:
7181:
7175:
7174:
7172:
7171:
7166:
7161:
7156:
7151:
7146:
7140:
7135:
7129:
7123:
7117:
7111:
7105:
7100:
7093:
7091:
7082:
7076:
7075:
7072:
7071:
7069:
7068:
7063:
7058:
7052:
7050:
7046:
7045:
7043:
7042:
7039:Phosgene oxime
7035:
7033:
7027:
7026:
7024:
7023:
7018:
7013:
7008:
7002:
7000:
6994:
6993:
6991:
6990:
6985:
6980:
6975:
6968:
6966:
6960:
6959:
6957:
6951:
6945:
6939:
6933:
6927:
6921:
6919:
6910:
6908:Blister agents
6904:
6903:
6901:
6900:
6895:
6890:
6885:
6880:
6878:Glycolonitrile
6875:
6870:
6865:
6860:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6835:
6830:
6825:
6820:
6814:
6808:
6803:
6797:
6795:
6789:
6788:
6785:
6784:
6779:
6777:incapacitation
6774:
6767:
6764:
6763:
6756:
6749:
6741:
6732:
6731:
6729:
6728:
6716:
6704:
6692:
6679:
6676:
6675:
6673:
6672:
6667:
6662:
6657:
6651:
6646:
6641:
6636:
6631:
6626:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6566:
6561:
6559:Cosmochemistry
6556:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6524:Astrochemistry
6521:
6516:
6510:
6508:
6502:
6501:
6499:
6498:
6493:
6488:
6483:
6478:
6474:
6470:
6465:
6461:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6430:
6428:
6422:
6421:
6419:
6418:
6413:
6408:
6404:
6399:
6394:
6389:
6384:
6379:
6377:Formyl radical
6374:
6369:
6363:
6357:
6355:
6347:
6346:
6343:
6342:
6340:
6339:
6334:
6329:
6324:
6319:
6314:
6309:
6307:Methyl acetate
6304:
6299:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6280:
6276:
6272:
6266:
6261:
6256:
6250:
6248:
6238:
6237:
6235:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6214:
6209:
6204:
6199:
6197:Dimethyl ether
6194:
6189:
6183:
6181:
6173:
6172:
6170:
6169:
6164:
6162:Methyl formate
6159:
6154:
6149:
6147:Glycolaldehyde
6144:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6123:
6121:
6113:
6112:
6110:
6109:
6104:
6099:
6094:
6089:
6084:
6082:Glycolonitrile
6079:
6077:Ethylene oxide
6074:
6069:
6068:
6067:
6057:
6051:
6049:
6041:
6040:
6038:
6037:
6032:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6012:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5993:
5988:
5983:
5978:
5976:Cyclopropenone
5973:
5968:
5963:
5957:
5955:
5947:
5946:
5944:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5876:Cyanoacetylene
5873:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5851:
5849:
5841:
5840:
5838:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5795:Methyl radical
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5770:Isocyanic acid
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5735:Isocyanic acid
5732:
5727:
5721:
5719:
5711:
5710:
5708:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5680:Sulfur dioxide
5677:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5655:Sodium cyanide
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5572:
5566:
5564:Formyl radical
5561:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5524:Carbon dioxide
5521:
5516:
5511:
5505:
5503:
5497:
5496:
5471:
5469:
5467:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5372:Iron(II) oxide
5369:
5364:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5287:
5285:
5276:
5270:
5269:
5262:
5261:
5254:
5247:
5239:
5233:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5202:
5197:
5180:
5179:External links
5177:
5174:
5173:
5159:
5129:
5104:
5078:
5053:
5032:
5025:
4996:
4975:
4953:
4941:
4920:
4871:(2): 164–173.
4849:
4816:
4783:
4769:
4713:
4685:
4632:
4619:10.1086/377679
4595:(2): L79–L82.
4579:
4566:10.1086/383003
4526:
4513:10.1086/382999
4489:(1): 271–290.
4473:
4460:10.1086/432864
4436:(1): 302–315.
4417:
4403:10.1086/345099
4388:(1): 446–450.
4368:
4362:10.1086/317129
4347:(2): 897–921.
4327:
4308:(2): 331–343.
4292:
4286:978-0792345381
4285:
4263:
4258:10.1086/180664
4225:
4198:
4159:(3): 421–448.
4139:
4108:(2): 613–628.
4088:
4061:
4018:
3985:Brain Research
3972:
3946:
3885:
3823:
3788:
3749:
3698:
3647:
3636:(3): 274–275.
3620:
3594:
3567:(2): 155–162.
3561:Phytochemistry
3551:
3508:
3480:
3462:
3444:
3420:
3389:
3378:(5): 305–310.
3362:
3333:
3296:
3273:
3250:
3220:
3203:Reprinted in:
3184:
3160:(in Swedish).
3144:
3122:
3107:
3080:
3065:
3047:
3005:
3001:
2990:
2987:on 2019-02-15.
2981:Whalecraft.net
2964:
2938:
2924:
2918:978-3527306732
2917:
2884:
2859:
2833:
2792:
2786:978-0070494398
2785:
2767:
2734:
2728:978-1439855119
2727:
2692:
2677:
2659:
2630:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2576:sodium cyanide
2533:Final Solution
2429:Central Powers
2417:Main article:
2414:
2411:
2407:origin of life
2336:
2304:
2292:
2256:Astrochemistry
2251:
2248:
2240:origin of life
2235:
2232:
2221:nitroglycerine
2213:vasodilatation
2162:neuromodulator
2146:NMDA receptors
2130:
2127:
2118:
2115:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2066:
2063:
1995:mandelonitrile
1987:bitter almonds
1962:
1959:
1955:methyl bromide
1927:hydrocyanation
1889:electroplating
1873:sodium cyanide
1868:
1865:
1861:sodium cyanide
1836:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1809:
1794:
1793:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1658:
1655:
1590:who converted
1588:Pierre Macquer
1583:
1580:
1579:
1578:
1573:
1569:
1553:Metal cyanides
1543:
1542:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1521:hydrocyanation
1508:
1485:
1472:
1469:
1410:
1407:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1283:
1261:
1260:
1256:standard state
1253:
1250:
1249:
1247:
1246:
1241:
1239:Glycolonitrile
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1199:Isocyanic acid
1196:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1160:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1128:
1127:
1112:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1084:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1062:
1061:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1048:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1034:
1028:
1027:
1017:
1010:
1003:
988:
987:
986:
985:
983:
974:
973:
971:P305+P351+P338
960:
955:
952:
951:
933:H300+H310+H330
926:
921:
918:
917:
912:
907:
904:
903:
881:
876:
873:
872:
862:
861:
857:
856:
853:
847:
841:
833:
830:
829:
828:201.8 J K mol
826:
820:
809:
806:
805:
802:
790:
787:
786:
782:
781:
778:
773:
770:
769:
766:
761:
758:
757:
754:
751:
746:
743:
742:
737:
732:
729:
728:
724:
723:
720:
714:
713:
710:
705:
697:
694:
693:
688:
686:Conjugate base
682:
681:
679:Hydrocyanonium
676:
674:Conjugate acid
670:
669:
666:
662:
652:
651:
645:
641:
631:
630:
629:75 μmol Pa kg
627:
622:
612:
609:
608:
605:
603:Vapor pressure
599:
598:
595:
585:
584:
581:
576:
573:
572:
569:
563:
562:
559:
553:
552:
549:
543:
542:
536:
530:
529:
526:
522:
521:
518:
512:
511:
508:
503:
500:
499:
495:
494:
492:
491:
488:
480:
479:
478:
475:
474:
472:
471:
467:
464:
463:
455:
454:
453:
450:
449:
447:
446:
433:
431:
419:
416:
415:
412:
406:
405:
403:
402:
394:
392:
386:
385:
383:
382:
378:
376:
370:
369:
367:
366:
358:
356:
348:
345:
344:
337:
331:
330:
328:
327:
319:
317:
311:
310:
308:
307:
303:
301:
293:
292:
282:
274:
273:
271:
270:
262:
260:
254:
253:
251:
250:
242:
240:
234:
233:
231:
230:
222:
220:
216:
215:
213:
212:
204:
202:
195:
192:
191:
189:
188:
180:
178:
173:
170:
169:
165:
164:
161:
160:
157:
154:
148:
142:
139:
135:
134:
130:
129:
126:Methanenitrile
125:
124:
118:
117:
114:
108:
107:
103:
102:
94:
93:
90:
89:
79:
64:
63:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11568:
11557:
11554:
11552:
11549:
11547:
11544:
11542:
11539:
11537:
11534:
11532:
11529:
11527:
11524:
11522:
11519:
11518:
11516:
11501:
11492:
11490:
11481:
11479:
11467:
11465:
11453:
11451:
11439:
11437:
11428:
11426:
11413:
11411:
11395:
11393:
11377:
11375:
11359:
11357:
11348:
11346:
11330:
11328:
11316:
11314:
11302:
11300:
11288:
11286:
11283:
11281:
11278:
11276:
11263:
11261:
11249:
11247:
11235:
11233:
11221:
11219:
11210:
11208:
11196:
11194:
11185:
11183:
11170:
11168:
11152:
11150:
11134:
11132:
11120:
11118:
11106:
11104:
11092:
11090:
11078:
11076:
11064:
11062:
11050:
11048:
11036:
11034:
11025:
11023:
11011:
11009:
11000:
10998:
10982:
10980:
10972:
10970:
10962:
10960:
10957:
10955:
10952:
10950:
10942:
10940:
10937:
10935:
10923:
10921:
10909:
10907:
10899:
10897:
10889:
10887:
10879:
10877:
10869:
10867:
10864:
10862:
10859:
10857:
10854:
10852:
10849:
10847:
10835:
10833:
10821:
10819:
10792:
10790:
10787:
10785:
10782:
10780:
10772:
10770:
10762:
10760:
10752:
10750:
10747:
10745:
10742:
10740:
10732:
10730:
10722:
10720:
10712:
10710:
10707:
10705:
10702:
10700:
10691:
10689:
10680:
10678:
10675:
10673:
10670:
10668:
10656:
10654:
10642:
10641:
10638:
10634:
10627:
10622:
10620:
10615:
10613:
10608:
10607:
10604:
10593:
10588:
10587:
10581:
10576:
10575:
10569:
10565:
10561:
10557:
10552:
10551:
10545:
10543:
10539:
10533:
10527:
10525:
10519:
10517:
10511:
10509:
10503:
10501:
10494:
10492:
10482:
10480:
10473:
10471:
10465:
10463:
10457:
10455:
10449:
10447:
10441:
10439:
10433:
10431:
10425:
10423:
10417:
10414:
10413:
10406:
10404:
10398:
10396:
10390:
10388:
10385:
10384:
10382:
10378:
10372:
10356:
10342:
10340:
10329:
10327:
10319:
10309:
10307:
10303:
10296:
10294:
10284:
10282:
10274:
10258:
10251:
10248:
10246:
10240:
10238:
10226:
10214:
10208:
10206:
10196:
10194:
10183:
10177:
10175:
10171:
10159:
10153:
10151:
10141:
10139:
10132:
10129:
10128:
10126:
10124:
10120:
10114:
10108:
10106:
10103:
10101:
10091:
10089:
10086:
10084:
10081:
10079:
10076:
10074:
10067:
10065:
10059:
10057:
10054:
10052:
10049:
10047:
10044:
10042:
10036:
10034:
10031:
10029:
10023:
10022:
10020:
10016:
10009:
10008:
10001:
9999:
9993:
9991:
9985:
9983:
9973:
9971:
9964:
9962:
9959:
9957:
9951:
9949:
9943:
9941:
9935:
9934:
9932:
9928:
9923:
9916:
9911:
9909:
9904:
9902:
9897:
9896:
9893:
9877:
9874:
9871:
9868:
9865:
9862:
9859:
9856:
9853:
9850:
9848:
9836:
9833:
9831:
9823:
9821:
9813:
9810:
9809:
9806:
9798:
9795:
9792:
9790:
9782:
9780:
9772:
9769:
9767:
9759:
9757:
9749:
9747:
9739:
9736:
9733:
9731:
9723:
9721:
9712:
9704:
9702:
9694:
9691:
9690:
9683:
9679:
9676:
9673:
9670:
9667:
9664:
9661:
9658:
9655:
9652:
9649:
9646:
9643:
9640:
9637:
9634:
9631:
9628:
9625:
9624:
9620:
9617:
9614:
9612:
9604:
9602:
9594:
9592:
9589:
9587:
9578:
9566:
9564:
9557:
9554:
9551:
9544:
9538:
9535:
9532:
9529:
9527:
9521:
9518:
9515:
9513:
9505:
9502:
9500:
9492:
9490:
9487:
9486:
9482:
9480:
9477:
9475:
9466:
9458:
9456:
9448:
9446:
9438:
9436:
9428:
9426:
9418:
9416:
9413:
9411:
9403:
9400:
9397:
9394:
9392:
9386:
9383:
9380:
9378:
9370:
9368:
9366:
9358:
9356:
9353:
9352:
9348:
9346:
9343:
9341:
9332:
9323:
9318:
9316:
9298:
9284:
9276:
9274:
9265:
9257:
9255:
9247:
9245:
9237:
9235:
9232:
9230:
9223:
9216:
9208:
9206:
9194:
9186:
9184:
9177:
9170:
9164:
9161:
9159:
9153:
9150:
9147:
9145:
9137:
9135:
9133:
9125:
9123:
9120:
9119:
9115:
9113:
9110:
9108:
9099:
9090:
9086:
9081:
9079:
9071:
9069:
9055:
9047:
9045:
9037:
9035:
9027:
9025:
9022:
9021:
9017:
9015:
9012:
9010:
9001:
8997:
8992:
8990:
8980:
8970:
8966:
8957:
8955:
8944:
8938:
8936:
8930:
8928:
8920:
8918:
8915:
8914:
8910:
8904:
8902:
8899:
8898:
8892:
8887:
8879:
8874:
8872:
8867:
8865:
8860:
8859:
8856:
8844:
8841:
8839:
8836:
8835:
8832:
8826:
8823:
8821:
8818:
8816:
8815:its compounds
8812:
8809:
8805:
8801:
8800:
8799:
8796:
8794:
8791:
8788:
8785:
8783:
8780:
8779:
8777:
8773:
8767:
8764:
8762:
8759:
8757:
8754:
8752:
8751:Tetanospasmin
8749:
8747:
8746:T-2 mycotoxin
8744:
8742:
8739:
8737:
8734:
8732:
8729:
8727:
8724:
8722:
8719:
8717:
8714:
8712:
8709:
8707:
8704:
8702:
8699:
8697:
8694:
8692:
8689:
8687:
8684:
8682:
8679:
8677:
8676:Batrachotoxin
8674:
8672:
8669:
8667:
8664:
8662:
8659:
8657:
8654:
8652:
8649:
8647:
8644:
8643:
8641:
8637:
8631:
8628:
8626:
8623:
8621:
8620:Allyl alcohol
8618:
8616:
8613:
8611:
8608:
8606:
8603:
8601:
8598:
8596:
8593:
8592:
8590:
8586:
8580:
8577:
8575:
8572:
8570:
8567:
8565:
8562:
8560:
8557:
8556:
8554:
8551:
8547:
8541:
8538:
8536:
8533:
8531:
8528:
8526:
8523:
8521:
8518:
8516:
8513:
8511:
8508:
8506:
8503:
8501:
8498:
8496:
8493:
8491:
8488:
8486:
8485:Chloroacetone
8483:
8481:
8478:
8476:
8473:
8471:
8470:Benzyl iodide
8468:
8466:
8463:
8461:
8458:
8456:
8453:
8451:
8448:
8446:
8443:
8441:
8438:
8436:
8433:
8430:
8427:
8425:
8424:Xylyl bromide
8422:
8421:
8419:
8417:
8411:
8405:
8402:
8400:
8397:
8395:
8392:
8390:
8387:
8385:
8382:
8380:
8377:
8375:
8372:
8370:
8367:
8365:
8362:
8360:
8357:
8355:
8352:
8350:
8347:
8345:
8342:
8340:
8337:
8335:
8332:
8330:
8327:
8325:
8322:
8320:
8317:
8315:
8312:
8310:
8307:
8305:
8302:
8300:
8297:
8295:
8292:
8290:
8287:
8285:
8282:
8280:
8277:
8275:
8272:
8270:
8267:
8265:
8262:
8260:
8257:
8255:
8252:
8250:
8247:
8244:
8241:
8239:
8236:
8234:
8231:
8229:
8226:
8224:
8221:
8218:
8215:
8213:
8212:Butyrophenone
8210:
8208:
8205:
8202:
8199:
8198:
8196:
8194:
8188:
8182:
8181:o-Dianisidine
8179:
8177:
8174:
8172:
8169:
8167:
8164:
8162:
8158:
8155:
8153:
8150:
8147:
8144:
8143:
8141:
8139:
8135:
8129:
8126:
8124:
8121:
8119:
8116:
8114:
8111:
8109:
8106:
8104:
8101:
8099:
8096:
8094:
8091:
8089:
8086:
8084:
8081:
8079:
8076:
8074:
8071:
8069:
8066:
8064:
8061:
8059:
8056:
8054:
8051:
8049:
8046:
8044:
8041:
8039:
8036:
8034:
8031:
8029:
8028:Cadmium oxide
8026:
8024:
8021:
8019:
8016:
8014:
8011:
8009:
8006:
8004:
8001:
7999:
7996:
7994:
7991:
7989:
7986:
7983:
7980:
7977:
7974:
7972:
7969:
7966:
7963:
7961:
7958:
7956:
7953:
7950:
7947:
7945:
7942:
7940:
7937:
7936:
7934:
7932:
7926:
7920:
7917:
7915:
7912:
7910:
7907:
7903:
7900:
7898:
7895:
7893:
7890:
7889:
7888:
7885:
7883:
7880:
7878:
7877:Batrachotoxin
7875:
7873:
7870:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7853:
7850:
7848:
7845:
7843:
7840:
7838:
7835:
7833:
7830:
7828:
7825:
7822:
7819:
7817:
7814:
7811:
7808:
7806:
7803:
7801:
7798:
7795:
7792:
7789:
7786:
7784:
7781:
7778:
7775:
7772:
7769:
7767:
7764:
7761:
7760:Tetanospasmin
7758:
7755:
7752:
7750:
7747:
7744:
7741:
7739:
7736:
7735:
7733:
7731:
7727:
7717:
7714:
7712:
7709:
7707:
7704:
7702:
7699:
7697:
7694:
7692:
7689:
7687:
7684:
7682:
7679:
7677:
7674:
7672:
7669:
7666:
7663:
7661:
7658:
7656:
7653:
7651:
7648:
7646:
7643:
7641:
7638:
7635:
7632:
7629:
7626:
7623:
7620:
7618:
7615:
7613:
7610:
7608:
7605:
7603:
7600:
7598:
7595:
7593:
7590:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7580:
7578:
7575:
7573:
7570:
7568:
7565:
7563:
7560:
7557:
7554:
7552:
7549:
7547:
7544:
7542:
7539:
7537:
7534:
7532:
7529:
7527:
7524:
7522:
7519:
7517:
7514:
7512:
7509:
7508:
7506:
7502:
7496:
7493:
7491:
7488:
7486:
7483:
7481:
7478:
7476:
7473:
7471:
7468:
7466:
7463:
7461:
7458:
7456:
7453:
7451:
7448:
7446:
7443:
7441:
7438:
7436:
7433:
7431:
7428:
7426:
7423:
7422:
7420:
7416:
7410:
7407:
7405:
7402:
7400:
7397:
7395:
7392:
7390:
7387:
7385:
7382:
7380:
7377:
7375:
7372:
7370:
7367:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7355:
7352:
7350:
7347:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7326:
7324:
7322:
7318:
7312:
7309:
7307:
7304:
7302:
7299:
7297:
7294:
7292:
7289:
7287:
7284:
7282:
7279:
7277:
7274:
7273:
7271:
7269:
7265:
7259:
7256:
7255:
7253:
7249:
7243:
7240:
7238:
7235:
7233:
7230:
7228:
7225:
7223:
7220:
7218:
7215:
7213:
7210:
7208:
7205:
7203:
7200:
7198:
7195:
7193:
7190:
7188:
7185:
7184:
7182:
7180:
7176:
7170:
7167:
7165:
7162:
7160:
7157:
7155:
7152:
7150:
7147:
7144:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7133:
7130:
7127:
7124:
7121:
7118:
7115:
7112:
7109:
7106:
7104:
7101:
7098:
7095:
7094:
7092:
7090:
7086:
7083:
7081:
7077:
7067:
7064:
7062:
7059:
7057:
7054:
7053:
7051:
7047:
7040:
7037:
7036:
7034:
7032:
7031:Nettle agents
7028:
7022:
7019:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7009:
7007:
7004:
7003:
7001:
6999:
6995:
6989:
6986:
6984:
6981:
6979:
6976:
6973:
6970:
6969:
6967:
6965:
6961:
6955:
6952:
6949:
6946:
6943:
6940:
6937:
6934:
6931:
6928:
6925:
6922:
6920:
6918:
6914:
6911:
6909:
6905:
6899:
6896:
6894:
6891:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6879:
6876:
6874:
6871:
6869:
6866:
6864:
6861:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6833:Cacodyl oxide
6831:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6818:
6815:
6812:
6809:
6807:
6804:
6802:
6799:
6798:
6796:
6794:
6790:
6783:
6780:
6778:
6775:
6773:
6769:
6768:
6762:
6757:
6755:
6750:
6748:
6743:
6742:
6739:
6727:
6717:
6715:
6705:
6703:
6693:
6691:
6690:
6681:
6680:
6677:
6671:
6668:
6666:
6663:
6661:
6658:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6589:Homochirality
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6511:
6509:
6507:
6503:
6497:
6494:
6492:
6489:
6487:
6484:
6482:
6479:
6477:
6471:
6469:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6444:Methoxyethane
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6431:
6429:
6427:
6423:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6405:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6383:
6380:
6378:
6375:
6373:
6370:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6358:
6356:
6352:
6348:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6327:Butyronitrile
6325:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6303:
6302:Ethyl formate
6300:
6298:
6295:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6281:
6270:
6267:
6265:
6262:
6260:
6257:
6255:
6252:
6251:
6249:
6247:
6239:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6227:Propionitrile
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6200:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6184:
6182:
6180:
6174:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6124:
6122:
6120:
6114:
6108:
6107:Vinyl alcohol
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6090:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6080:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6066:
6065:Vinyl cyanide
6063:
6062:
6061:
6060:Acrylonitrile
6058:
6056:
6053:
6052:
6050:
6048:
6042:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6025:Pentynylidyne
6023:
6021:
6018:
6016:
6013:
6011:
6008:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5958:
5956:
5954:
5948:
5942:
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5921:Methylenimine
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5856:
5853:
5852:
5850:
5848:
5842:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5800:Propynylidyne
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5790:Methyl cation
5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5750:Fulminic acid
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5722:
5720:
5718:
5712:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5625:Nitrous oxide
5623:
5621:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5576:
5573:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5519:Amino radical
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5506:
5504:
5502:
5498:
5493:
5484:
5475:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5449:Sodium iodide
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5331:Cyano radical
5329:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5311:Carbon cation
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5288:
5286:
5284:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5271:
5267:
5260:
5255:
5253:
5248:
5246:
5241:
5240:
5237:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5210:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5195:
5191:
5187:
5183:
5182:
5169:
5163:
5147:
5143:
5139:
5133:
5119:
5115:
5108:
5093:
5089:
5082:
5068:on 2015-07-17
5067:
5063:
5057:
5042:
5036:
5028:
5026:9780300067552
5022:
5018:
5013:
5012:
5006:
5000:
4985:
4979:
4972:
4968:
4965:
4960:
4958:
4950:
4945:
4938:
4934:
4930:
4924:
4908:
4904:
4900:
4896:
4892:
4888:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4870:
4866:
4865:
4860:
4853:
4837:
4833:
4832:
4827:
4820:
4804:
4800:
4799:
4794:
4787:
4779:
4773:
4765:
4761:
4757:
4753:
4749:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4731:
4727:
4726:
4717:
4702:
4701:
4696:
4689:
4681:
4677:
4673:
4669:
4665:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4647:
4643:
4636:
4628:
4624:
4620:
4616:
4612:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4594:
4590:
4583:
4575:
4571:
4567:
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3424:
3410:on 2016-04-18
3406:
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3366:
3352:on 2013-05-10
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2572:sulfuric acid
2569:
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2547:, as part of
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2228:tobacco smoke
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2016:
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1847:over glowing
1846:
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1797:
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1784:alkali metals
1780:
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1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1726:
1721:
1719:
1718:acrylonitrile
1706:→ 2 HCN + 6 H
1692:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1654:
1648:
1647:Ancient Greek
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1615:
1614:
1613:prussic acid.
1610:
1606:
1602:
1597:
1593:
1592:Prussian blue
1589:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1558:
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1462:
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1451:
1447:
1443:
1442:bitter almond
1438:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1391:organyl group
1384:
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1192:
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1189:
1184:
1183:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1165:
1161:
1158:(Recommended)
1157:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1145:(Permissible)
1144:
1140:
1139:
1135:
1134:
1129:
1113:
1109:
1100:
1099:
1085:
1081:
1072:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1060:5.6% – 40.0%
1059:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1029:
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868:
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858:
855:135.1 kJ mol
854:
846:
838:
832:
831:
827:
819:
814:
808:
807:
803:
798:
793:
792:Heat capacity
789:
788:
783:
779:
776:
775:Dipole moment
772:
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582:
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568:
567:Boiling point
565:
564:
560:
558:
557:Melting point
555:
554:
550:
548:
545:
544:
540:
539:bitter almond
537:
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438:DTXSID9024148
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279:ECHA InfoCard
276:
275:
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95:
84:
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65:
61:
56:
48:
44:
40:
33:
19:
11521:Blood agents
11495:H[Co(CO)
10783:
10590:(a strongly
10584:
10572:
10548:
10408:
10050:
10003:
8900:
8756:Tetrodotoxin
8706:Grayanotoxin
8490:Bromoacetone
8480:Thiophosgene
8435:Mace (spray)
8429:Pepper spray
8414:Lachrymatory
8399:Fluphenazine
8394:Procarbazine
8304:Sleeping gas
8152:Chloropicrin
8063:Nitric oxide
7965:Chloropicrin
7909:Cloflubicyne
7872:Oxotremorine
7821:Antillatoxin
7800:Tetrodotoxin
7749:Bungarotoxin
7645:Nitromethane
7607:Formaldoxime
7546:Cyclohexanol
7511:Acetonitrile
7258:GV (EA-5365)
7080:Nerve agents
6883:Lactonitrile
6816:
6793:Blood agents
6782:riot control
6682:
6665:Spectroscopy
6519:Astrobiology
6386:
6372:Formaldehyde
6264:Benzonitrile
6055:Acetaldehyde
6010:Methanethiol
5961:Acetonitrile
5866:Carbodiimide
5745:Formaldehyde
5740:Cyanoethynyl
5591:Iron cyanide
5586:Hydroperoxyl
5568:
5387:Nitric oxide
5193:
5189:
5162:
5150:. Retrieved
5146:the original
5141:
5132:
5121:. Retrieved
5118:The Guardian
5117:
5107:
5095:. Retrieved
5091:
5081:
5070:. Retrieved
5066:the original
5056:
5045:. Retrieved
5035:
5010:
4999:
4988:. Retrieved
4978:
4944:
4928:
4923:
4911:. Retrieved
4868:
4862:
4852:
4840:. Retrieved
4829:
4819:
4807:. Retrieved
4798:The Atlantic
4796:
4786:
4772:
4729:
4723:
4716:
4704:. Retrieved
4698:
4688:
4645:
4641:
4635:
4592:
4588:
4582:
4542:(1): 63–80.
4539:
4535:
4529:
4486:
4482:
4476:
4433:
4429:
4385:
4381:
4371:
4344:
4340:
4330:
4305:
4301:
4295:
4276:
4266:
4241:
4237:
4211:
4207:
4201:
4156:
4152:
4142:
4105:
4101:
4091:
4077:(1): 69–72.
4074:
4070:
4064:
4034:(1): 13–18.
4031:
4027:
4021:
3988:
3984:
3963:. Retrieved
3959:
3949:
3898:
3894:
3888:
3843:
3839:
3801:
3797:
3791:
3766:
3762:
3752:
3715:
3711:
3701:
3660:
3656:
3650:
3633:
3629:
3623:
3611:. Retrieved
3607:the original
3597:
3564:
3560:
3554:
3524:(1): 11–36.
3521:
3517:
3511:
3496:Csl.noaa.gov
3495:
3483:
3475:News.mit.edu
3474:
3465:
3456:
3447:
3432:
3423:
3412:. Retrieved
3405:the original
3392:
3375:
3371:
3365:
3354:. Retrieved
3350:the original
3345:
3336:
3311:
3305:
3299:
3290:
3286:
3276:
3267:
3263:
3253:
3242:. Retrieved
3238:the original
3233:
3223:
3214:
3210:
3197:
3187:
3178:
3174:
3161:
3157:
3147:
3138:
3125:
3116:
3110:
3093:
3089:
3083:
3056:
3050:
3015:
3011:
2993:
2985:the original
2980:
2956:. Retrieved
2950:
2941:
2927:
2898:
2874:
2809:
2805:
2795:
2776:
2770:
2758:. Retrieved
2737:
2713:
2662:
2647:
2622:. Retrieved
2617:
2608:
2595:
2587:prussic acid
2586:
2584:
2561:
2553:Harry Truman
2541:World War II
2538:
2528:
2525:World War II
2507:
2503:
2493:
2478:
2450:
2422:
2376:
2370:with NASA's
2362:
2324:
2313:
2289:interstellar
2286:
2266:carbon stars
2259:
2237:
2225:
2210:
2198:phagocytosis
2192:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2166:
2132:
2120:
2082:
2068:
2040:
2037:burnet moths
2030:
2024:
2018:
1991:cyanohydrins
1969:that have a
1964:
1943:
1935:adiponitrile
1893:cyanohydrins
1870:
1867:Applications
1838:
1821:→ 6 HCN + Fe
1798:
1795:
1791:H + CN → HCN
1781:
1773:hydrocarbons
1770:
1751:
1722:
1714:
1665:invented by
1660:
1638:
1633:). In 1811,
1630:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1585:
1551:
1544:
1514:
1497:to give the
1482:
1474:
1439:
1412:
1372:
1359:
1348:adiponitrile
1326:liquid that
1301:prussic acid
1300:
1296:
1295:
1229:Acetonitrile
1132:
1065:
1043:Autoignition
978:
914:
866:
844:
817:
796:
702:
659:
648:
638:
619:
551:0.6876 g/cm
374:RTECS number
168:Identifiers
156:Prussic acid
151:
145:
133:Other names
115:Formonitrile
18:Prussic acid
8766:Veratridine
8741:Shiga toxin
8696:Domoic acid
8559:Thioacetone
8525:Iodoacetone
8389:Pentazocine
8384:Sevoflurane
8349:CAR-302,668
8344:CAR-302,282
8339:CAR-302,196
8334:CAR-301,060
8329:CAR-226,086
8309:Carfentanil
8207:Apomorphine
8128:Green Cross
7919:Domoic acid
7730:Neurotoxins
7650:OPA mixture
7541:Chlorosoman
7536:Chlorosarin
7470:Phospholine
7169:Crotylsarin
7154:Fluorotabun
7126:Chlorosoman
7108:Chlorosarin
6639:Outer space
6549:Cosmic dust
6514:Abiogenesis
6426:Unconfirmed
6382:Heavy water
6222:Ethanethiol
6137:Cyanoallene
6127:Acetic acid
6097:Methylamine
5981:Diacetylene
5896:Formic acid
5886:Cyanomethyl
5544:Diazenylium
5534:CCP radical
5410:(molecular)
5394:(molecular)
5363:(molecular)
5092:YouTube.Com
5062:"Uragan D2"
5041:"Blue Fume"
4913:15 December
4842:15 December
4809:15 December
4648:: 462–466.
4244:: L47–L52.
4208:Tetrahedron
3769:: 218–247.
2568:U.S. states
2518:Nazi German
2506:, with the
2474:blood agent
2425:World War I
2368:55 Cancri e
2365:Super-Earth
2345:inside the
2278:atmospheric
2172:cholinergic
1729:BMA process
1532:+ HCN → RCH
1465:rodenticide
1419:triple bond
1066:Lethal dose
1045:temperature
1032:Flash point
909:Signal word
748:Point group
614:Henry's law
525:Appearance
498:Properties
285:100.000.747
247:CHEBI:18407
11515:Categories
8716:Maitotoxin
8711:Guanitoxin
8691:Ciguatoxin
8686:Brevetoxin
8671:Anatoxin-a
8666:Aflatoxins
8579:Putrescine
8574:Cadaverine
8550:Malodorant
8374:Isoflurane
8359:Desflurane
8354:Benperidol
8299:Psilocybin
8294:PAVA spray
7976:Diphosgene
7929:Pulmonary/
7857:Picrotoxin
7816:Strychnine
7810:Brevetoxin
7794:Maitotoxin
7777:Guanitoxin
7771:Ciguatoxin
7738:Anatoxin-a
7671:Pinacolone
7504:Precursors
7465:Selenophos
7321:Carbamates
7237:Chinese VX
7143:Cyclosarin
7132:Ethylsarin
7103:Sarin (GB)
6954:Lewisite 3
6948:Lewisite 2
6917:Arsenicals
6554:Cosmic ray
6496:Silylidyne
6459:Hemolithin
6434:Anthracene
6351:Deuterated
6332:Pyrimidine
6142:Ethanimine
6005:Ketenimine
5861:Butadiynyl
5685:Thioformyl
5539:Chloronium
5152:18 October
5123:2022-06-14
5072:2022-10-19
5047:2020-07-06
4990:2009-01-14
4937:3640233603
4878:2301.05259
3908:1902.05574
3853:2008.04312
3846:(2): 110.
3414:2023-04-17
3356:2013-01-31
3293:: 136–231.
3270:: 128–133.
3244:2010-03-31
3164:: 264–275.
3131:Macquer PJ
3066:1402019998
2958:2010-03-31
2742:Evans DA.
2678:9241530618
2624:2012-06-04
2600:References
2485:Schedule 3
2274:telescopes
2254:See also:
2215:caused by
2194:Leukocytes
2169:muscarinic
2129:In mammals
2109:→ HCN + CH
2017:, such as
2015:millipedes
1973:, such as
1961:Occurrence
1925:. Via the
1913:, via the
1911:methionine
1908:amino acid
1803:and acid:
1744:→ HCN + 3H
1689:catalyst:
1631:Sauerstoff
1596:iron oxide
878:Pictograms
727:Structure
589:Solubility
516:Molar mass
510:HCN
399:2WTB3V159F
258:ChemSpider
196:3D model (
175:CAS Number
152:(gas form)
112:IUPAC name
11531:Fumigants
11177:[PtCl
8811:Plutonium
8761:Volkensin
8736:Saxitoxin
8726:Palytoxin
8651:Aconitine
8379:Halothane
8369:Bufotenin
8364:Enflurane
8284:Kolokol-1
8264:Pethidine
8238:Etoxadrol
8223:Etorphine
8219:(CS-4640)
8203:(CS-4030)
8161:glycerine
8108:Salcomine
7867:Tremorine
7805:Aconitine
7788:Palytoxin
7766:Ryanodine
7743:Saxitoxin
7480:Ro 3-0422
7251:GV agents
7114:Thiosarin
6843:Phosphine
6486:Phosphine
6354:molecules
6287:fullerene
6187:Acetamide
5991:Formamide
5871:Cyanamide
5725:Acetylene
5700:Tricarbon
5611:Methylene
5596:Isoformyl
5501:Triatomic
5274:Molecules
5194:in French
4903:255825649
4739:1408.2458
4732:(1): L2.
4706:12 August
4655:0709.3423
4468:118958200
4412:122549795
3880:221095540
3718:(2): 51.
2975:Lytle T.
2828:0193-4929
2719:CRC Press
2687:1020-6167
2564:execution
2513:Blausäure
2504:Cyclone B
2502:(German:
2383:Enceladus
2188:decreases
2180:increases
2158:analgesia
2142:receptors
2032:Apheloria
2011:linamarin
1999:amygdalin
1939:Nylon-6,6
1931:butadiene
1859:yielding
1727:process (
1673:in which
1671:IG Farben
1605:Blausäure
1507:(CN)(HCN)
1417:, with a
1379:inorganic
1336:precursor
1324:flammable
1307:with the
869:labelling
837:formation
811:Std molar
718:Viscosity
597:Miscible
583:Miscible
410:UN number
381:MW6825000
306:200-821-6
298:EC Number
146:(aqueous)
11526:Cyanides
11270:[SiF
10694:H[BF
10357: /
10320: /
10304: /
10275: /
10259: /
10252: /
10227: /
10215: /
10184: /
10172: /
10160: /
10133: /
10033:>C=NR
9930:Hydrides
9922:Nitrogen
8820:Polonium
8721:Modeccin
8630:Acrolein
8595:Lewisite
8500:Acrolein
8324:CS-27349
8274:Ibogaine
8157:Litharge
8146:Adamsite
8123:Diborane
8113:Fluomine
8093:Ethenone
7988:Acrolein
7955:Fluorine
7949:Phosgene
7939:Chlorine
7339:EA-3887A
7311:C01-A042
7306:C01-A039
7301:C01-A035
7179:V-agents
7089:G-agents
6974:(EA-229)
6942:Lewisite
6801:Cyanogen
6473:Linear C
6454:Graphene
6366:Ammonium
6167:Acrolein
6030:Propynal
6015:Methanol
5986:Ethylene
5855:Ammonium
5630:Nitroxyl
5454:Sulfanyl
5398:Imidogen
5392:Nitrogen
5361:Hydrogen
5306:Argonium
5283:Diatomic
5097:June 23,
4967:Archived
4907:Archived
4836:Archived
4803:Archived
4764:26277035
4680:14398456
4521:11335358
4193:25369814
4134:21556207
4056:29850349
4048:15099699
4013:12277593
3941:73442008
3933:30721064
3744:29751568
3693:40193390
3685:17753947
3546:10669009
3500:Archived
3217:: 30–39.
3133:(1756).
3075:54966334
3042:32027458
2881:(NIOSH).
2856:(NIOSH).
2760:June 19,
2751:Archived
2566:in some
2529:en masse
2498:Zyklon B
2446:trenches
2442:chlorine
2438:phosgene
2270:observed
2250:In space
2202:bacteria
2065:On Titan
2047:plastics
2009:such as
1993:such as
1979:apricots
1975:cherries
1946:fumigant
1933:to give
1766:hydrogen
1687:platinum
1461:volatile
1431:tautomer
1427:nitrogen
1421:between
1403:hydrogen
1383:nitriles
1368:cyanides
1352:volatile
1340:polymers
1311:HCN and
1244:Cyanogen
979:NFPA 704
860:Hazards
656:Basicity
616:constant
47:Cyanogen
10380:Halides
10018:Organic
9924:species
9687:
8886:cyanide
8569:Skatole
8564:Allicin
8279:EA-3834
8269:EA-3580
8259:EA-3443
8254:EA-3167
8249:EA-2148
8233:CS-4297
8228:EA-2092
8217:EA-4941
7944:Bromine
7582:EA-1224
7562:EA-1250
7475:R-16661
7450:EA-2613
7445:EA-2098
7440:EA-2054
7435:EA-2012
7404:3152 CT
7394:TL-1317
7389:TL-1299
7384:TL-1238
7354:EA-4056
7349:EA-3990
7344:EA-3966
7334:EA-3887
7232:EA-1763
7192:EA-3148
7187:EA-2192
7164:EA-4352
7159:EA-1356
6893:Stibine
6619:Kerogen
6506:Related
6449:Glycine
6402:Propyne
6361:Ammonia
6259:Benzene
6254:Acetone
6246:or more
6217:Propene
6202:Ethanol
6092:Propyne
5911:Methane
5780:Ketenyl
5730:Ammonia
4883:Bibcode
4744:Bibcode
4660:Bibcode
4627:8016228
4607:Bibcode
4574:9135663
4554:Bibcode
4501:Bibcode
4448:Bibcode
4390:Bibcode
4349:Bibcode
4310:Bibcode
4246:Bibcode
4184:4187177
4161:Bibcode
4125:3084482
4083:1245233
4005:9369328
3913:Bibcode
3858:Bibcode
3806:Bibcode
3771:Bibcode
3735:6023451
3712:Insects
3665:Bibcode
3657:Science
3642:1650055
3613:6 March
3589:9431670
3569:Bibcode
3526:Bibcode
3518:Toxicon
3434:PubChem
3316:Bibcode
3033:7317722
2850:"#0333"
2649:PubChem
2591:whaling
2539:During
2523:during
2311:(HNC).
2244:Adenine
2184:in vivo
2135:neurons
2097:+ N → H
2083:in situ
2079:Voyager
2003:cassava
1904:acetone
1902:, from
1897:monomer
1845:ammonia
1777:propane
1775:, e.g.
1758:methane
1725:Degussa
1679:ammonia
1675:methane
1639:cyanide
1627:calqued
1517:alkenes
1501:anion,
1499:cyanide
1491:ionizes
1479:with a
1454:genetic
1393:(e.g.,
1309:formula
1303:) is a
1278:what is
1276: (
1175:50 ppm
813:entropy
780:2.98 D
768:Linear
712:1.2675
691:Cyanide
635:Acidity
618: (
593:ethanol
547:Density
350:PubChem
185:74-90-8
159:Cyanane
32:Cyanine
10594:oxide)
10592:acidic
10123:Oxides
9826:Th(CN)
9816:Ac(CN)
9801:Yb(CN)
9785:Ho(CN)
9775:Dy(CN)
9762:Gd(CN)
9752:Eu(CN)
9742:Sm(CN)
9726:Pr(CN)
9716:Ce(CN)
9707:Ce(CN)
9697:La(CN)
9607:Bi(CN)
9597:Pb(CN)
9582:Hg(CN)
9560:Au(CN)
9547:Pt(CN)
9540:Pt(CN)
9508:Lu(CN)
9495:Ba(CN)
9470:Te(CN)
9461:Te(CN)
9451:Sb(CN)
9441:Sn(CN)
9431:In(CN)
9421:Cd(CN)
9406:Pd(CN)
9388:Mo(CN)
9361:Sr(CN)
9336:Se(CN)
9327:(SeCN)
9279:As(CN)
9269:Ge(CN)
9260:Ge(CN)
9250:Ga(CN)
9240:Zn(CN)
9226:Ni(CN)
9219:Ni(CN)
9211:Ni(CN)
9197:Co(CN)
9189:Co(CN)
9180:Fe(CN)
9173:Fe(CN)
9166:Fe(CN)
9155:Cr(CN)
9140:Sc(CN)
9128:Ca(CN)
9050:Si(CN)
9040:Al(CN)
9030:Mg(CN)
8923:Be(CN)
8787:Napalm
8552:agents
8416:agents
8319:JB-336
8314:JB-318
8289:LSD-25
8245:(DMHP)
8193:agents
7852:A-8564
7812:(PbTX)
7762:(TeNT)
7379:TL-599
7369:T-1194
7364:T-1152
7359:T-1123
7128:(ClGD)
7110:(ClGB)
7021:TL-301
6823:Arsine
6670:Tholin
6491:Pyrene
5936:Silane
5906:Ketene
5408:Oxygen
5023:
4935:
4901:
4762:
4678:
4625:
4572:
4519:
4466:
4410:
4302:Icarus
4283:
4191:
4181:
4132:
4122:
4081:
4054:
4046:
4011:
4003:
3939:
3931:
3878:
3763:Icarus
3742:
3732:
3691:
3683:
3640:
3587:
3544:
3096:: 60.
3073:
3063:
3040:
3030:
3008:]"
2915:
2826:
2783:
2725:
2685:
2675:
2387:Saturn
2379:plumes
2351:comets
2341:, and
2178:cells
2139:opioid
2029:, and
1983:apples
1967:fruits
1953:, and
1906:, the
1885:silver
1857:sodium
1698:+ 2 NH
1683:oxygen
1651:κύανος
1623:oxygen
1594:to an
1528:RCH=CH
1477:acidic
1459:. The
1450:detect
1444:-like
1429:. The
1423:carbon
1362:. The
1273:verify
1270:
915:Danger
541:-like
482:SMILES
324:C01326
227:B00275
219:3DMet
106:Names
45:, and
10945:NaHCO
10562:, 0,
10254:(HON)
10038:-CONR
9523:W(CN)
9373:Y(CN)
9103:S(CN)
9094:(SCN)
9074:P(CN)
9005:O(CN)
8940:C(CN)
8932:B(CN)
8775:Other
8731:Ricin
8646:Abrin
8605:KB-16
7892:IPTBO
7823:(ATX)
7796:(MTX)
7790:(PTX)
7779:(GTX)
7773:(CTX)
7756:(BTX)
7612:Nital
7418:Other
7296:A-262
7291:A-242
7286:A-234
7281:A-232
7276:A-208
7120:Soman
7116:(SGB)
7097:Tabun
7056:KB-16
7049:Other
6656:(PAH)
6244:atoms
6179:atoms
6119:atoms
6117:Eight
6047:atoms
6045:Seven
5953:atoms
5847:atoms
5717:atoms
5705:Water
5635:Ozone
5577:(HNC)
5571:(HCN)
5209:CICAD
4899:S2CID
4873:arXiv
4760:S2CID
4734:arXiv
4676:S2CID
4650:arXiv
4623:S2CID
4597:arXiv
4570:S2CID
4544:arXiv
4517:S2CID
4491:arXiv
4464:S2CID
4438:arXiv
4408:S2CID
4052:S2CID
4009:S2CID
3965:5 May
3937:S2CID
3903:arXiv
3876:S2CID
3848:arXiv
3689:S2CID
3503:(PDF)
3492:(PDF)
3408:(PDF)
3401:(PDF)
3177:[
2754:(PDF)
2747:(PDF)
2472:as a
2433:Italy
2347:comae
2206:fungi
2058:Titan
1702:+ 3 O
1495:water
1457:trait
1401:) or
1395:alkyl
1387:R−C≡N
1364:salts
1356:water
1328:boils
1320:toxic
1316:H−C≡N
1133:NIOSH
457:InChI
414:1051
238:ChEBI
198:JSmol
11285:HNCS
11280:HSCN
10954:HNCO
10902:HMnO
10789:HCNO
10775:HClO
10765:HClO
10755:HClO
10749:HClO
10735:HBrO
10725:HBrO
10715:HBrO
10709:HBrO
10672:HArF
10521:NHBr
10513:NHCl
10306:ONOO
10135:(NO)
10088:HNCS
10083:HNCO
10078:HOCN
10061:(CN)
9843:(CN)
9591:TlCN
9573:(CN)
9556:AuCN
9489:CsCN
9415:AgCN
9355:RbCN
9345:BrCN
9321:SeCN
9314:AsCN
9296:AsCN
9234:CuCN
9112:ClCN
9089:-NCS
9067:SiCN
9024:NaCN
9000:-NCO
8969:ONCN
8951:(CN)
8917:LiCN
8813:and
8431:(OC)
8148:(DM)
7978:(DP)
7967:(PS)
7951:(CG)
7902:TBPS
7897:TBPO
7745:(TZ)
7667:(TH)
7636:(DF)
7630:(SW)
7624:(TB)
7597:DMHP
7577:DEHP
7567:DIHP
7558:(KB)
7495:MSPI
7145:(GF)
7134:(GE)
7122:(GD)
7099:(GA)
7041:(CX)
6988:CEES
6956:(L3)
6950:(L2)
6938:(PD)
6932:(MD)
6926:(ED)
6819:(AC)
6813:(CK)
6177:Nine
5845:Five
5755:HCCN
5715:Four
5675:SiNC
5154:2014
5099:2022
5021:ISBN
4933:ISBN
4915:2023
4844:2023
4811:2023
4708:2014
4700:NASA
4281:ISBN
4189:PMID
4153:Life
4130:PMID
4079:PMID
4044:PMID
4001:PMID
3967:2015
3929:PMID
3740:PMID
3681:PMID
3638:PMID
3615:2014
3585:PMID
3542:PMID
3071:OCLC
3061:ISBN
3038:PMID
2913:ISBN
2824:ISSN
2781:ISBN
2762:2020
2723:ISBN
2683:ISSN
2673:ISBN
2479:The
2391:life
2356:and
2343:dust
2301:HCNH
2211:The
1997:and
1921:and
1919:EDTA
1883:and
1881:gold
1875:and
1849:coal
1764:and
1740:+ NH
1694:2 CH
1677:and
1643:cyan
1572:+ H
1446:odor
1425:and
1399:aryl
1346:and
1322:and
1169:IDLH
967:P261
963:P210
949:H410
945:H370
941:H336
937:H319
929:H225
534:Odor
390:UNII
335:MeSH
315:KEGG
11474:TiO
11460:TeO
11446:TeO
11256:SiO
11242:SeO
11228:SeO
11018:NSO
11003:HNO
10975:HNO
10965:HNO
10959:HNO
10939:HNC
10930:MoO
10916:MnO
10892:HIO
10882:HIO
10872:HIO
10866:HIO
10856:HFO
10799:CrO
10784:HCN
10744:HCl
10704:HBr
10683:HSO
10677:HAt
10663:AsO
10649:AsO
10582:,
10529:NHI
10505:NHF
10459:BrN
10451:ClN
10427:NBr
10419:NCl
10415:(?)
10326:NOO
10290:NNO
10250:HNO
10210:HNO
10186:(NO
10155:HNO
10110:-NO
10105:-NO
10073:NCN
10051:HCN
10046:-CN
10010:(?)
9878:No
9875:Md
9872:Fm
9869:Es
9866:Cf
9863:Bk
9860:Cm
9857:Am
9854:Pu
9851:Np
9834:Pa
9811:**
9796:Tm
9793:Er
9770:Tb
9737:Pm
9734:Nd
9680:Og
9677:Ts
9674:Lv
9671:Mc
9668:Fl
9665:Nh
9662:Cn
9659:Rg
9656:Ds
9653:Mt
9650:Hs
9647:Bh
9644:Sg
9641:Db
9638:Rf
9635:Lr
9632:**
9629:Ra
9626:Fr
9621:Rn
9618:At
9615:Po
9536:Ir
9533:Os
9530:Re
9519:Ta
9516:Hf
9483:Xe
9479:ICN
9401:Rh
9398:Ru
9395:Tc
9384:Nb
9381:Zr
9349:Kr
9288:(CH
9162:Mn
9148:Ti
9122:KCN
9116:Ar
9084:SCN
9059:(CH
9018:Ne
9014:FCN
8995:OCN
8978:NCN
8911:He
8901:HCN
8888:ion
8455:CNS
7984:(Z)
7526:AlP
7521:ATO
7016:HN3
7011:HN2
7006:HN1
6944:(L)
6468:NCO
6368:ion
6275:, C
6242:Ten
5951:Six
5857:ion
5211:61)
5188:".
5017:443
4891:doi
4752:doi
4730:792
4668:doi
4646:242
4615:doi
4593:592
4562:doi
4540:152
4509:doi
4487:606
4456:doi
4434:632
4398:doi
4386:583
4357:doi
4345:543
4318:doi
4254:doi
4242:163
4216:doi
4179:PMC
4169:doi
4120:PMC
4110:doi
4036:doi
3993:doi
3989:768
3921:doi
3899:123
3866:doi
3844:901
3814:doi
3779:doi
3767:247
3730:PMC
3720:doi
3673:doi
3661:138
3577:doi
3534:doi
3380:doi
3346:EPA
3324:doi
3098:doi
3028:PMC
3020:doi
2905:doi
2814:doi
2578:or
2574:on
2453:ppm
2440:or
2423:In
2409:."
2381:of
2349:of
2331:HNC
2246:).
1971:pit
1923:NTA
1720:.
1669:at
1609:lit
1536:−CH
1493:in
1397:or
1156:REL
1143:PEL
867:GHS
848:298
821:298
591:in
489:C#N
426:EPA
363:768
353:CID
267:748
11517::
11488:Po
11435:Te
11420:SO
11416:CF
11323:SO
11309:SO
11295:SO
11217:Se
11165:10
11127:PO
11113:PO
11099:PO
10861:HI
10851:HF
10842:CS
10828:CO
10810:Cr
10586:+5
10580:+4
10578:,
10574:+3
10570:,
10568:+2
10566:,
10564:+1
10560:−1
10558:,
10556:−2
10554:,
10550:−3
10500:Cl
10496:NH
10475:NH
10467:IN
10443:FN
10435:NI
10409:NF
10400:NF
10392:NF
10387:NF
10331:NO
10315:NO
10311:HO
10302:NO
10298:HO
10242:NO
10229:NO
10217:NO
10179:NO
10174:NO
10162:NO
10131:NO
10093:CH
10056:CN
10025:NR
10004:NH
9987:HN
9970:OH
9966:NH
9953:NH
9945:NH
9937:NH
9839:UO
9692:*
9569:Hg
9503:*
9302:(C
9151:V
8988:CN
8964:CN
8960:NH
8600:CX
8450:CR
8445:CS
8440:CN
8201:BZ
7716:TG
7711:TC
7686:QL
7572:ZS
7516:AT
7227:VX
7222:VS
7217:VR
7212:VP
7207:VM
7202:VG
7197:VE
7149:GP
7138:GH
6285:70
6277:60
6273:60
6271:(C
5996:HC
5140:.
5116:.
5090:.
5019:.
4956:^
4905:.
4897:.
4889:.
4881:.
4867:.
4861:.
4834:.
4828:.
4801:.
4795:.
4758:.
4750:.
4742:.
4728:.
4697:.
4674:.
4666:.
4658:.
4644:.
4621:.
4613:.
4605:.
4591:.
4568:.
4560:.
4552:.
4538:.
4515:.
4507:.
4499:.
4485:.
4462:.
4454:.
4446:.
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