Poultry farming - Knowledge

1145:. In response to these bans, development of prototype commercial furnished cage systems began in the 1980s. Furnished cages, sometimes called 'enriched' or 'modified' cages, are cages for egg-laying hens which have been designed to allow the hens to perform their "natural behaviors" whilst retaining their economic and husbandry advantages, and also provide some of the welfare advantages of non-cage systems. Many design features of furnished cages have been incorporated because research in animal welfare science has shown them to be of benefit to the hens. In the UK, the DEFRA "Code for the Welfare of Laying Hens" states furnished cages should provide at least 750 cm of cage area per hen, 600 cm of which should be usable; the height of the cage other than that above the usable area should be at least 20 cm at every point and no cage should have a total area that is less than 2000 cm. In addition, furnished cages should provide a nest, litter such that pecking and scratching are possible, appropriate perches allowing at least 15 cm per hen, a claw-shortening device, and a feed trough which may be used without restriction providing 12 cm per hen. Furnished cages (Enriched) give the hens more space than the conventional battery cages, so that each bird may spread their wings without touching one another if desired. Enrichment such as nest boxes, perches, and dust baths are also provided so that the birds may carry out their natural behaviors such as nesting, roosting, and scratching as though they were outdoors. 1410:(FDA) approved their use. Scientists had found that chickens fed an antibiotic residue grew 50 percent faster than controls. The chickens laid more eggs and experienced lower mortality and less illness. Upon this discovery, farmers transitioned from expensive animal proteins to comparatively inexpensive antibiotics and B12. Chickens were now reaching their market weight at a much faster rate and at a lower cost. With a growing population and greater demand on the farmers, antibiotics appeared to be an ideal and cost-effective way to increase the output of poultry. Since this discovery, antibiotics have been routinely used in poultry production, but more recently have been the topic of debate secondary to the fear of bacterial 918: 5518: 1230:) as well as blisters on their feet. Broilers bred for fast growth have a high rate of developing leg deformities because their large breast muscles cause distortions on their developing legs and pelvis, leading to them often being unable to support their body weight. In cases where the chickens become crippled and can no longer walk, farmers have to go in and pull them out. Because of their difficulty moving, the chickens cannot change their environment to avoid heat, cold, or dirt as they would in natural conditions. The added weight and overcrowding also puts a strain on their hearts and lungs, possibly leading to 40: 937: 953: 1084: 59: 1256: 1106:

be transitioning away from conventional hen housing systems (battery cages) and have no conventional caging left by 2036. Batteries are small cages, usually made of metal in modern systems, housing 3 to 8 hens. The walls are made of either solid metal or mesh, and the floor is sloped wire mesh to allow the feces to drop through and eggs to roll onto an egg-collecting conveyor belt. Water is usually provided by overhead nipple systems, and food in a trough along the front of the cage replenished at regular intervals by a mechanical system.

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darkness, hence the need for a highly ventilated or open-sided coop with conditions more like the outdoors, even in winter. However, others who keep chickens believe they are prone to illness in outdoor weather and need a controlled-environment coop. This has led to two housing designs for chickens: fresh-air houses with wide openings and nothing more than wire mesh between chickens and the weather (even in Northern winters), or closed houses with doors, windows and hatches which can shut off most ventilation.

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temperatures during cooking.) Before 1950, this was contained largely by not eviscerating the carcass at the time of butchering, deferring this until the time of retail sale or in the home. This gave the intestinal bacteria less opportunity to colonize the edible meat. The development of the "ready-to-cook broiler" in the 1950s added convenience while introducing risk, under the assumption that end-to-end refrigeration and thorough cooking would provide adequate protection.

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to reduce feather pecking and vent pecking. Benefits of battery cages include easier care for the birds, floor-laid eggs (which are expensive to collect) are eliminated, eggs are cleaner, capture at the end of lay is expedited, generally less feed is required to produce eggs, broodiness is eliminated, more hens may be housed in a given house floor space, internal parasites are more easily treated, and labor requirements are generally much reduced.

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mechanical systems to deliver feed and water to the birds. They have ventilation systems and heaters that function as needed. The floor of the house is covered with bedding material consisting of wood chips, rice hulls, or peanut shells. In some cases they can be grown over dry litter or compost. Because dry bedding helps maintain flock health, most growout houses have enclosed watering systems ("nipple drinkers") which reduce spillage.

1955:(a harmful waste product of bacteria). In a conventional hen house a conveyor belt beneath the cages removes the manure. In a cage-free aviary system the manure coats the ground, resulting in the build-up of dust and bacteria over time. Eggs are often laid on the ground or under cages in the aviary housing, causing workers to come close to the floor and force dust and bacteria into the air, which they then inhale during egg collection. 6704: 6692: 4642: 1295: 945: 1458: 1449:, which is highly toxic to humans. This arsenic could be transmitted through run-off from the poultry yards. A 2004 study by the U.S. magazine Consumer Reports reported "no detectable arsenic in our samples of muscle" but found "A few of our chicken-liver samples has an amount that according to EPA standards could cause neurological problems in a child who ate 2 ounces of cooked 1064:

freedom of movement. Yarding is a common technique used by small farms in the Northeastern U.S. The birds are released daily from hutches or coops. The hens usually lay eggs either on the floor of the coop or in baskets if provided by the farmer. This husbandry technique can be complicated if used with roosters, mostly because of their aggressive behavior.

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fully replenish bone calcium. This can lead to increases in bone breakages, particularly when the hens are being removed from cages at the end of laying. Osteoporosis may be prevented by free range and cage-free housing systems, as they have shown to have a beneficial impact on the skeletal system of the hens compared to those housed in caged systems.

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weight at around 12 weeks of age. They have a larger space allowance outside (at least 2 square metres and sometimes up to 10 square metres per bird). The Soil Association standards indicate a maximum outdoors stocking density of 2,500 birds per hectare and a maximum of 1,000 broilers per poultry house.

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estimated that in 2002 there were nearly sixteen billion chickens in the world. In 2008, the top countries with the highest number of chickens in the world was led by China with the largest at approx 4.6 billion, followed by the US with approx over 2 billion and then followed by Indonesia, Brazil and

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Free-range broilers are reared under similar conditions to free-range egg-laying hens. The breeds grow more slowly than those used for indoor rearing and usually reach slaughter weight at approximately 8 weeks of age. In the EU, each chicken must have one square metre of outdoor space. The benefits

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to do so. In the first week of a broiler's life, it can grow up to 300 percent of its body size. A nine-week-old broiler averages over 9 pounds (4 kg) in body weight. At nine weeks, a hen will average around 7 pounds (3.2 kg) and a rooster will weigh around 12 pounds (5.5 kg), having a

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has banned the conventional battery cage in EU states from January 2012. As of April 1, 2017, no new battery cages are able to be installed in Canada. Farmers must move towards enriched housing or use a cage-free system. In 2016, the Egg Farmers of Canada announced that the country's egg farmers will

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Instead of keeping them in cages, free-run laying hens roam freely within an enclosed barn. This type of housing also provides enrichment for the hens, including nesting boxes and perches that are often located along the floor of the barn. Many believe that this type of housing is better for the bird

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Waste can be managed wet, dry or by some combination. Wet management is particularly used in battery egg laying operations, where the waste is sluiced out with constantly or occasionally flowing water. Water is also used to clean the floors around nesting sites that are separate from open runs. Dry

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Keeping birds inside a house protects them from predators such as hawks and foxes. Some houses are equipped with curtain walls, which can be rolled up in good weather to admit natural light and fresh air. Most growout houses built in recent years feature "tunnel ventilation," in which a bank of fans

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Battery cages are arranged in long rows as multiple tiers, often with cages back-to-back (hence the term). Within a single barn, there may be several floors containing battery cages meaning that a single shed may contain many tens of thousands of hens. Light intensity is often kept low (e.g. 10 lux)

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While often confused with free range farming, yarding is actually a separate method by which a hutch and fenced-off area outside are combined when farming poultry. The distinction is that free-range poultry are either totally unfenced, or the fence is so distant that it has little influence on their

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Organic broiler chickens are reared under similar conditions to free-range broilers but with restrictions on the routine use of in-feed or in-water medications, other food additives and synthetic amino acids. The breeds used are slower growing, more traditional breeds and typically reach slaughter

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have been critical of battery cages because they do not provide hens with sufficient space to stand, walk, flap their wings, perch, or make a nest, and it is widely considered that hens suffer through boredom and frustration through being unable to perform these behaviours. This can lead to a wide

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oocysts, suitable protection from prevailing winds, good ventilation, access and protection from predators. Excess heat, cold or damp can have a harmful effect on the animals and their productivity. Free range farmers have less control than farmers using cages in what food their chickens eat, which

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and others as well. These contaminants can contribute to dust that often causes issues with the respiratory systems of both the poultry and humans working in the environment. If bacterial levels in the poultry drinking water reach high levels, it can result in bacterial diarrhoea which can lead to

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In a "higher welfare" system, chickens are kept indoors but with more space (around 14 to 16 birds per square metre). They have a richer environment for example with natural light or straw bales that encourage foraging and perching. The chickens grow more slowly and live for up to two weeks longer

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Traditionally, a flock of broilers consist of about 20,000 birds in a growout house that measures 400/500 feet long and 40/50 feet wide, thus providing about eight-tenths of a square foot per bird. The Council for Agricultural Science and Technology (CAST) states that the minimum space is one-half

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which results in the chicken's skeletal system being weakened. During egg production, large amounts of calcium are transferred from bones to create egg-shell. Although dietary calcium levels are adequate, absorption of dietary calcium is not always sufficient, given the intensity of production, to

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Environmental conditions are often automatically controlled in egg-laying systems. For example, the duration of the light phase is initially increased to prompt the beginning of egg-laying at 16–20 weeks of age and then mimics summer day length which stimulates the hens to continue laying eggs all

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are kept safe and secure. There may be nest boxes and perches in the house. There is a long-standing controversy over the basic need for a chicken coop. One philosophy, known as the "fresh air school", holds that chickens are mostly hardy but can be brought low by confinement, poor air quality and

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as a preventative measure, although reducing stocking rates would eliminate these problems. Diseases can be common and the animals are vulnerable to predators. Barn systems have been found to have the worst bird welfare. In South-East Asia, a lack of disease control in free range farming has been

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In farms using cages for egg production, there are more birds per unit area; this allows for greater productivity and lower food costs. Floor space ranges upwards from 300 cm per hen. EU standards in 2003 called for at least 550 cm per hen. In the US, the current recommendation by the

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the soybean dominates the protein supply for animal feed, and the poultry industry is the largest consumer of such feed. Two kilograms of grain must be fed to poultry to produce 1 kg of weight gain, much less than that required for pork or beef. However, for every gram of protein consumed,

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press release states: "Governments, local authorities and international agencies need to take a greatly increased role in combating the role of factory-farming, commerce in live poultry, and wildlife markets which provide ideal conditions for the virus to spread and mutate into a more dangerous

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Mexico. In 2019, China had over 5.14 billion chickens, a higher amount than any other country in the world, followed by Indonesia with approx 3.7 billion chickens. The countries with the next-highest amounts were the US, Brazil, Pakistan, Iran, India, Mexico, Russia and Myanmar respectively.

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Feces tend to leak from the carcass until the evisceration stage, and the evisceration stage itself gives an opportunity for the interior of the carcass to receive intestinal bacteria. (The skin of the carcass does as well, but the skin presents a better barrier to bacteria and reaches higher

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Broilers are not raised in cages. They are raised in large, open structures known as grow out houses. A farmer receives the birds from the hatchery at one day old. A grow out consists of 5 to 9 weeks according to how big the kill plant wants the chickens to be. These houses are equipped with

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Commercial hens usually begin laying eggs at 16–21 weeks of age, although production gradually declines soon after from approximately 25 weeks of age. This means that in many countries, by approximately 72 weeks of age, flocks are considered economically unviable and are slaughtered after

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In intensive broiler sheds, the air can become highly polluted with ammonia from the droppings. In this case, a farmer must run more fans to bring in more clean fresh air. If not, this can damage the chickens' eyes and respiratory systems and can cause painful burns on their legs (called

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In organic systems in the US, organic management starts with the selection of the livestock and should begin "no later than the second day of life". Organic poultry production requires organic management in nutrition, preventative health care, living conditions, handling/processing, and

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than any caging system, but it has its disadvantages, too. Due to the increase in activity of the birds, dust levels tend to elevate and the air quality decreases. When air quality drops, so does production as this compromises the health and welfare of both birds and their caretakers.

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For 2013, there were an estimated 1.59 cases of occupation-related illness per 100 full-time U.S. meat and poultry workers, compared to 0.36 for manufacturing workers overall. Injuries are associated with repetitive movements, awkward postures, and cold temperatures. High rates of

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Hormone use in poultry production is illegal in the United States. Similarly, no chicken meat for sale in Australia is fed hormones. Several scientific studies have documented the fact that chickens grow rapidly because they are bred to do so, not because of growth hormones.

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than intensively farmed birds. The benefits of higher welfare indoor systems are the reduced growth rate, less crowding and more opportunities for natural behaviour. One example of indoor production with higher welfare production is the Better Chicken Commitment standard.

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per week or in an adult who ate 5.5 ounces per week." The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), however, is the organization responsible for the regulation of foods in America, and all samples tested were "far less than the ... amount allowed in a food product."

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square foot per bird. More modern houses are often larger and contain more birds, but the floor space allotment still meets the needs of the birds. The larger the bird is grown the fewer chickens are put in each house, to give the bigger bird more space per square foot.

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Free-range farming of egg-laying hens is increasing its share of the market. DEFRA figures indicate that 45% of eggs produced in the UK throughout 2010 were free range, 5% were produced in barn systems and 50% from cages. This compares with 41% being free range in 2009.

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such as sawdust that is removed as needed. Dry can also include open pasture where manure is absorbed by the existing soil and vegetation, but needs to be monitored dillegently so as to not overwhelm the ground capacity and lead to runoff and other pollution problems.

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In 1950, the average American consumed 20 pounds (9 kg) of chicken per year, but 92.2 pounds (41.9 kg) in 2017. Additionally, in 1980 most chickens were sold whole, but by 2000 almost 90 percent of chickens were sold after being butchered into parts.

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of free-range poultry farming include opportunities for natural behaviours such as pecking, scratching, foraging and exercise outdoors. Because they grow slower and have opportunities for exercise, free-range broilers often have better leg and heart health.

1780:– because of these concerns, in many countries and US states the practice of burial in pits is heavily regulated or disallowed. Farmers may construct their own facilities for composting, or purchase equipment to begin incineration or storage for rendering. 1358:

and cannibalism. Scientific studies have shown that beak trimming is likely to cause both acute and chronic pain. Severe beak trimming, or beak trimming birds at an older age, may cause chronic pain. Following beak trimming of older or adult hens, the

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in human amputees and have therefore been linked to chronic pain in beak trimmed birds. If beak trimming is severe because of improper procedure or done in older birds, the neuromas will persist which suggests that beak trimmed older birds experience

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can be killed by proper cooking times, but there is still some risk associated with it, and its near-ubiquity in commercially farmed chicken is troubling to some. Irradiation has been proposed as a means of sterilizing chicken meat after butchering.

1194:, are floor-raised on litter such as wood shavings, peanut shells, and rice hulls, indoors in climate-controlled housing. Under modern farming methods, meat chickens reared indoors reach slaughter weight at 5 to 9 weeks of age, as they have been 1732:, need to comply with environmental regulations and protections. Different from mammalian excrement, in poultry (and all birds) urine and feces are excreted as a combined manure, and the result is both wetter and higher in concentrated nitrogen. 983:"Welfare standards for laying hens and pullets" indicates that the stocking rate must not exceed 1,000 birds per hectare (10 m per hen) of range available and a minimum area of overhead shade/shelter of 8 m per 1,000 hens must be provided. 1048:

standards used to certify organic flocks in the UK, indicate a maximum outdoors stocking density of 1,000 birds per hectare and a maximum of 2,000 hens in each poultry house. In the UK, organic laying hens are not routinely beak-trimmed.

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Free-range poultry farming allows chickens to roam freely for a period of the day, although they are usually confined in sheds at night to protect them from predators or kept indoors if the weather is particularly bad. In the UK, the

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of newly hatched male chicks since they do not lay eggs and do not grow fast enough to be profitable for meat. There are plans to more ethically destroy the eggs before the chicks are hatched, using "in-ovo" sex determination.

772:. Poultry – mostly chickens – are farmed in great numbers. More than 60 billion chickens are killed for consumption annually. Chickens raised for eggs are known as layers, while chickens raised for meat are called 1148:

Enrichment of laying hen cages ultimately results in better bone quality. This is a result of the increased activity in the hens from the additional space and enrichment provided in the furnished housing system.

1369:, tangled masses of swollen regenerating axon sprouts, are found in the healed stumps of birds beak trimmed at 5 weeks of age or older and in severely beak trimmed birds. Neuromas have been associated with 1783:

Composting offers a safe and practical use for the organic material, while proper management of a composting site limits odor and presence of pests. Incineration offers a swifter disposal method, but uses

1313:(formerly Compassion Over Killing) and other groups have repeatedly conducted undercover investigations at chicken farms and slaughterhouses which they allege confirm their claims of cruelty. 1114:

United Egg Producers is 67 to 86 in (430 to 560 cm) per bird. The space available to battery hens has often been described as less than the size of a piece of A4 paper (623 cm).

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in the poultry industry. For instance, a significant rise in the price of corn in the United States can put significant economic pressure on large industrial chicken farming operations.

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According to the World Watch Institute, 74 percent of the world's poultry meat, and 68 percent of eggs are produced intensively. One alternative to intensive poultry farming is

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There are more chickens in the world than any other bird. In fact, more than 50 billion chickens are reared annually as a source of food, for both their meat and their eggs.

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can lead to unreliable productivity, though supplementary feeding reduces this uncertainty. In some farms, the manure from free range poultry can be used to benefit crops.

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Both intensive free-range poultry and "cage-free" farming with hens still being confined in close proximity due to hi stocking densities , have animal welfare concerns.

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Chicken feed consists primarily of corn and soybean meal with the addition of essential vitamins and minerals. No hormones or steroids are allowed in raising chickens.

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Gentle, M.J.; Hughes, B.O.; Fox, A.; Waddington, D. (1997). "Behavioural and anatomical consequences of two beak trimming methods in 1- and 10-d-old domestic chicks".

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The benefits of free range poultry farming for laying hens include opportunities for natural behaviours such as pecking, scratching, foraging and exercise outdoors,.

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Milella, Annalisa; Cicirelli, Grazia; Distante, Arcangelo (March 7, 2008). "RFID-assisted mobile robot system for mapping and surveillance of indoor environments".

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Although the enriched housing system has its advantages such as reduced aggression towards one another and cleaner eggs, modern egg laying breeds often suffer from

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must be disposed of in order to limit the spread of disease and the prevalence of pests. There are a variety of methods of disposal, the most common being burial,

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and other muscular and skeletal disorders are reported. Disinfectant chemicals and infectious bacteria are causes of respiratory illnesses, allergic reactions,

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Breward, L.; Gentle, M.J. (1985). "Neuroma formation and abnormal afferent nerve discharges after partial break amputation (beak trimming) in poultry".

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Countries such as Austria, Belgium and Germany are planning to ban furnished cages until 2025 additionally to the already banned conventional cages.

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in 99% of supermarket chicken, the result of chicken butchering not being a sterile process. However, the same study also shows that the strain of

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Gentle, M.J.; Hughes, B.O.; Hubrecht, R.C. (1982). "The effect of beak-trimming on food-intake, feeding behaviour and body weight in adult hens".

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Duncan, I.J.H.; Slee, G.S.; Seawright, E.; Breward, J. (1989). "Behavioural consequences of partial beak amputation (beak trimming) in poultry".

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that "hens have continuous daytime access to open air runs, except in the case of temporary restrictions imposed by veterinary authorities". The

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advocates object to killing chickens for food, the "factory farm conditions" under which they are raised, methods of transport, and slaughter.

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Gentle, M.J.; Hunter, L.N.; Waddington, D. (1991). "The onset of pain related behaviours following partial beak amputation in the chicken".

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in storage awaiting pickup. Government organizations, like the USDA, may offer financial assistance to farmers looking to begin utilizing

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and thus brings varying costs. Rendering has the advantage of being handled off site, and the use of freezers can eliminate the spread of

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year round; normally, egg production occurs only in the warmer months. Some commercial breeds of hen can produce over 300 eggs a year.

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Sherwin, C., Richards, G. and Nicol, C. (2010). "A comparison of the welfare of layer hens in four housing systems used in the UK".

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Lunam, C.A.; Glatz, P.C.; Hsu, Y-J. (1996). "The absence of neuromas in beaks of adult hens after conservative trimming at hatch".

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approximately 12 months of egg production, although chickens will naturally live for 6 or more years. In some countries, hens are

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farming using lower stocking densities. Poultry producers routinely use nationally approved medications, such as antibiotics, in

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Poultry production requires regular control of excrement, and in many parts of the world, production operations, especially

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starter by about 70% of the broiler growers between 1995 and 2000. The drugs have generated controversy because it contains

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In 1999, the European Union Council Directive 1999/74/EC banned conventional battery cages for laying hens throughout the

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Breward, J., (1984). Cutaneous nociceptors in the chicken beak. Proceedings of the Journal of Physiology, London 346: 56

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Because broilers are relatively young and have not reached sexual maturity, they exhibit very little aggressive conduct.

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reports that huge industrialized poultry operations are under such pressure to maximize profits that workers are denied

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groups have frequently criticized the poultry industry for engaging in practices which they assert to be inhumane. Many

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Poultry workers experience substantially higher rates of illness and injury than manufacturing workers do on average.

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Poultry housing has been shown to have adverse effects on the respiratory health of workers, ranging from a cough to

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Workplace Safety and Health: Additional Data Needed to Address Continued Hazards in the Meat and Poultry Industry

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Chickens farmed for meat are called broiler chickens, whilst those farmed for eggs are called egg-laying hens.

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Gornatti-Churria, Carlos D.; Crispo, Manuela; Shivaprasad, H. L.; Uzal, Francisco A. (November 16, 2017).

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too can be stressful on poultry production. How it causes disease has been investigated in some detail.

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Mapiye, C.; Mwale, M.; Mupangwa, J. F.; Chimonyo, M.; Foti, R.; Mutenje, M. J. (November 3, 2008).

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North and Bell, "Commercial Chicken Production Manual", 5th ed. Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1990, p 189.

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Gentle, M.J., (1986). Beak trimming in poultry. World's Poultry Science Journal', 42: 268–275

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Beak-trimmed chicks initially peck less than non-trimmed chickens, which animal behavioralist

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Farming of chickens on an industrial scale relies largely on high protein feeds derived from

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An Electrophysiological Investigation of the Effects of Beak Trimming in the Domestic Fowl (

952: 11351: 11070: 10985: 10755: 10670: 10590: 10460: 10339: 10289: 9903: 9893: 9779: 9723: 9343: 9148: 9076: 8827: 8770: 8640: 8492: 8477: 8351: 8251: 8206: 8059: 7281: 7122: 6890: 6870: 6672: 6508: 6298: 6157: 6110: 5851: 5637: 5179: 4953: 4338: 2423:"A Research Review of Village Chicken Production Constraints and Opportunities in Zimbabwe" 1585: 1509:

serotype. Many of these chickens, furthermore, had relatively low levels of contamination.

706: 459: 412: 81: 8211: 1490:, "1.1 million or more Americans sickened each year by undercooked, tainted chicken." A 867:

outbreaks. Some FDA-approved medications are also approved for improved feed utilization.

8: 11276: 11110: 11065: 11025: 11020: 10770: 10705: 10520: 10515: 10445: 10299: 10153: 10058: 9938: 9852: 9847: 9658: 9653: 9648: 9437: 9384: 8801: 8412: 8024: 8019: 7899: 7874: 7593: 7450: 7339: 7233: 7228: 6696: 6125: 5888: 5782: 5475: 5377: 5169: 5121: 4741: 4127: 3180: 2254: 1862: 427: 2307: 1255: 58: 11533: 11341: 11210: 11125: 10745: 10715: 10690: 10545: 10259: 10093: 9842: 9789: 9398: 9335: 9156: 8988: 8980: 8857: 8833: 8745: 8371: 7778: 7271: 7223: 7213: 7024: 6932: 6684: 6606: 6432: 6348: 5903: 5846: 5255: 5245: 5005: 4933: 4101: 4062: 3936: 3679: 3495: 3451: 3347: 2630: 2603: 2550: 2196: 1944: 1842: 1773: 1745: 1195: 1083: 922: 757: 696: 660: 249: 131: 9451: 2945:

Prafulla, R (2015). "Influence of housing systems on bone properties of laying hens".

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regulates marketing standards for egg farming which specifies a minimum condition for

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in the beak stump show abnormal patterns of neural discharge, indicating acute pain.

815: 779:

In the United States, the national organization overseeing poultry production is the

578: 551: 499: 469: 318: 261: 224: 4150: 3519:"Neurobiological basis of sensory perception: welfare implications of beak trimming" 3455: 3351: 11441: 11366: 11291: 11220: 11095: 10919: 10819: 10760: 10615: 10565: 10550: 10490: 10414: 10389: 10264: 10219: 9708: 9465: 9191: 8740: 8407: 8311: 8271: 8261: 8191: 8054: 7994: 7949: 7914: 7773: 7713: 7487: 7445: 7405: 7375: 7365: 7360: 7299: 7102: 6865: 6834: 6513: 6471: 6363: 6254: 6162: 6147: 5717: 5691: 5605: 5320: 5069: 4860: 4802: 4660: 4597:"Per Capita Consumption of Poultry and Livestock, 1965 to Forecast 2019, in Pounds" 4096: 4080: 3905: 3864: 3738: 3530: 3491: 3435: 3374: 3331: 3296: 3269: 3242: 3073: 2917: 2790: 2625: 2615: 2554: 2534: 2434: 2393: 1889: 1875: 1866: 1717: 1713: 1628: 1495: 1486: 1169: 1045: 737: 556: 464: 449: 187: 146: 7818: 7663: 11120: 11055: 10980: 10959: 10904: 10884: 10869: 10765: 10635: 10530: 10500: 10430: 10354: 10113: 9943: 9898: 9837: 9819: 9279: 8387: 8341: 8336: 8186: 8151: 8136: 8074: 7964: 7909: 7889: 7828: 7738: 7648: 7588: 7563: 7218: 6224: 5787: 5534: 5300: 5295: 5207: 5194: 5146: 5126: 5000: 4913: 4895: 4792: 4782: 4764: 4699: 3726: 3686: 2812: 2589: 2538: 2124: 2099: 1858: 1559: 1553: 1464:, a controversial arsenic compound used as a nutritional supplement for chickens. 1355: 1132: 1023: 1010: 976: 864: 799: 526: 298: 283: 219: 3152: 2178: 11528: 11523: 11281: 11140: 11105: 10954: 10944: 10929: 10849: 10834: 10775: 10675: 10660: 10645: 10580: 10575: 10465: 10435: 10369: 10364: 10344: 10294: 10274: 9958: 9754: 9628: 9614: 9223: 9020: 8620: 8522: 8452: 8442: 8366: 8296: 8281: 8221: 8146: 8121: 8069: 8014: 7974: 7879: 7869: 7844: 7758: 7688: 7613: 7553: 7425: 7355: 7200: 7175: 7132: 7107: 7097: 7072: 7032: 6987: 6895: 6444: 5754: 5610: 5583: 5455: 5325: 5285: 5217: 5131: 5116: 4812: 4499: 3558: 2777: 1978: 1737: 1700: 1563: 1505:

found was always a non-lethal form, and no chicken had any of the pathenogenic

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from January 1, 2012; they were banned previously in other countries including

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or electric shock in a water bath. More humane methods that could be used are

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Chickens: Layer Housing, Michael C. Appleby, Encyclopedia of Animal Science.

2448: 1958: 1849: 1434: 1317: 1306: 790: 749: 598: 531: 313: 214: 207: 8266: 4251: 3869: 3788:"The Use Of Steroid Hormones For Growth Promotion In Food-Producing Animals" 2794: 2398: 2381: 11030: 10914: 10854: 10844: 10829: 10735: 10730: 10700: 10600: 10595: 10585: 10555: 10540: 10485: 10404: 10379: 10304: 10128: 10068: 9918: 9857: 9809: 8675: 8517: 8507: 8356: 8331: 8236: 8231: 8216: 8176: 8166: 8039: 7959: 7954: 7934: 7924: 7919: 7859: 7798: 7793: 7743: 7733: 7723: 7633: 7558: 7415: 7370: 7329: 7291: 7276: 7238: 7057: 7037: 6957: 6558: 6417: 6392: 6234: 6192: 6137: 6095: 5918: 5731: 5705: 5642: 5544: 5539: 5430: 5400: 5270: 5265: 5240: 4870: 4822: 4772: 4450: 4437: 4380: 4110: 3878: 3800:"Chicken from Farm to Table | USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service" 3752: 3595: 3544: 3535: 3518: 2931: 2906:"Performance and welfare of laying hens in conventional and enriched cages" 2639: 2546: 2439: 2422: 2407: 2153: 1948: 1838: 1765: 1386: 1375: 1370: 1153: 1098: 1092: 1014: 860: 795: 761: 536: 494: 439: 397: 354: 330: 4451:"CDC – Poultry Industry Workers – NIOSH Workplace Safety and Health Topic" 3919: 3503: 3447: 3386: 3343: 3308: 2922: 2905: 2753:"Why 20 years? The realities of transitioning an agriculture supply chain" 1406:

have been used in poultry farming in mass quantities since 1951, when the

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There is also a risk that crowded conditions in chicken farms will allow

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blood poisoning should the bacteria spread from the damaged intestines.

1174: 11248: 11135: 11050: 10864: 10859: 10685: 10650: 10610: 10605: 10329: 9963: 9688: 9351: 8869: 8580: 8472: 8417: 8397: 8246: 8241: 8226: 8196: 8171: 8111: 7989: 7904: 7864: 7698: 7668: 7002: 6992: 6885: 6239: 6187: 6182: 6065: 5863: 5724: 5480: 5395: 5310: 5290: 5030: 5020: 5010: 4963: 4865: 4777: 3910: 3893: 3439: 3016: 2620: 2524: 1952: 1576: 1360: 1227: 961: 930: 926: 856: 541: 489: 484: 377: 367: 256: 234: 229: 3176:"Egg producers pledge to stop grinding newborn male chickens to death" 2330:"European Union Regulation for marketing standards for eggs – page 25" 1772:. Environmental concerns surrounding each of these methods deal with 9988: 9728: 9444: 9303: 8899: 8670: 8276: 8141: 8116: 8004: 7783: 7728: 7380: 7180: 7087: 7067: 7042: 6977: 6449: 6177: 5698: 5595: 5422: 5405: 5346: 5280: 5212: 5141: 5035: 4885: 4880: 4807: 4060: 2986: 2984: 2982: 2980: 2978: 2495:"Compassion in World Farming – Poultry – Higher welfare alternatives" 2021: 1908: 1461: 1438: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1351: 1345: 1018: 479: 4156:

Plan B: Rescuing a Planet Under Stress and a Civilization in Trouble

2057: 944: 11321: 11253: 11238: 8079: 6997: 6947: 6142: 5762: 5435: 5410: 5305: 4985: 4943: 4928: 4875: 4832: 4817: 4721: 3892:

Havenstein GB, Ferket PR, Scheideler SE, Rives DV (December 1994).

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The aerobic bacteria found in poultry housing can include not only

1366: 1191: 995: 843: 444: 4151:"Chapter 8. Raising Land Productivity: Raising protein efficiency" 4015:"Poultry production under Salmonella stress: Infection mechanisms" 3204:"A more humane way of slaughtering chickens might get EU approval" 2975: 1385:

attributes to guarding against pain. The animal rights activist,

10083: 9583: 7309: 7263: 6922: 6498: 6454: 6422: 5615: 5559: 5549: 5335: 5202: 5106: 5092: 4973: 4787: 4731: 4691: 4683: 1917: 1913: 1883: 1818: 1761: 1757: 1696: 1652: 1446: 1442: 1231: 1178: 1071: 1058: 884: 833: 773: 745: 741: 293: 239: 6719: 4476:"WCAHS Ag Health News – Aviary Housing Effects on Worker Health" 1756:

Mortality is a daily consideration for poultry farmers, and the

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at 1 day of age to reduce the damaging effects of aggression,

1316:

A common practice among hatcheries for egg-laying hens is the

1163: 1123:, some of which are injurious to the hens or their cagemates. 10108: 9973: 8938: 7524: 6493: 5620: 5554: 4716: 2308:"How to Select the Perfect Breed of Best Egg Laying Chickens" 2060:

Poultry Production Systems: Behaviour, Management and Welfare

1904: 1894: 1450: 980: 823: 308: 2854: 1804:

In North American production the most common predators are:

1457: 8710: 6384: 6172: 5381: 4410:"Predator Management for Small and Backyard Poultry Flocks" 3472:., edited by H.L. Fields, Butterworths, London, p. 47. 3462: 2420: 1854: 1687:

to cause a dermatitis in chickens easily confused with GD.

991: 888: 846: 819: 769: 474: 174: 5061: 4652: 4274:"Mortality Management Options for Georgia Poultry Growers" 4179: 3419: 3286: 3557: 3364: 2463:"Chicken Feed: Grass-Fed Chickens & Pastured Poultry" 1871: 1814: 9674:

Overview of discretionary invasive procedures on animals

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University of California, Riverside 1985 laboratory raid

3063: 2657:"Tipsheet: Organic Poultry Production for Meat and Eggs" 2037:

List of largest poultry slaughtering companies in Europe

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Moral Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes

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Havenstein GB, Ferket PR, Qureshi MA (October 2003).

3826:"Landline – 5/05/2002: Challenging food safety myths" 3358: 3315: 3280: 3253: 2380:

Deeb, N.; Shlosberg, A.; Cahaner, A. (October 2002).

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The majority of hens in many countries are housed in

990:

Suitable land requires adequate drainage to minimise

3642: 3616: 3475: 3259: 2818: 2699: 2697: 2379: 1993: 4500:"Lives on the Line: The high human cost of chicken" 4402: 3625:"Advocates Challenge Humane-Care Label on Md. Eggs" 2727:"Canada's battery cage phase-out officially begins" 783:(FDA). In the UK, the national organisation is the 4360:"Conservations Fact Sheet : Poultry Freezers" 4054: 3219: 3217: 2051: 1579:conditions are significant in chickens especially 1324:Chickens are often stunned before slaughter using 969:Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs 940:Commercial free range hens in the Scottish Borders 863:or drinking water, to treat disease or to prevent 785:Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs 4122: 4120: 2859:. Wallingford and Cambridge MA: CABI Publishing. 2694: 2520: 2518: 2516: 2276: 2274: 2058:Appleby, M.C.; Hughes, B.O.; Elson, H.A. 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Beyond Anthropocentrism 8756:United Activists for Animal Rights 8666:Doctors Against Animal Experiments 6800:Animal cruelty–Holocaust analogies 6554:Environmental impact of irrigation 4909:Avian infectious laryngotracheitis 4614: 4238:Jonathan Starkey (April 9, 2011). 4042:. UN News Center. October 24, 2005 3767:"Chicken: Arsenic and antibiotics" 3567:. 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Wiley-Blackwell. p. 176. 1996: 1949:airborne particulate matter (PM) 1437:drugs that also promote growth. 1339: 1199:nine-pound (4 kg) average. 690: 57: 11470:List of animal rights advocates 8846:Animal Justice Party of Finland 8731:Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics 7940:Karl Christian Friedrich Krause 7528:(academics, writers, activists) 7421:Monkey selfie copyright dispute 6622:Agriculture and the environment 6359:British Agricultural Revolution 6012: 4838:Abnormal behaviour in captivity 4589: 4564: 4539: 4517: 4492: 4468: 4443: 4430: 4352: 4330: 4308: 4287: 4265: 4231: 4204: 4142: 4032: 4006: 3985: 3953: 3885: 3844: 3818: 3792: 3781: 3718: 3705: 3692: 3672: 3195: 3167: 3141: 3115: 3092: 3057: 3031: 2953: 2938: 2897: 2873: 2848: 2799: 2783: 2744: 2718: 2595: 2455: 2414: 2373: 2343: 2322: 2300: 2247: 2042:Prospect of poultry production 2004:Agriculture and Agronomy portal 1298:Chickens transported in a truck 1190:Meat chickens, commonly called 1078: 870: 676:Agriculture and the environment 142:British Agricultural Revolution 9889:Animal Defenders International 9745:Abnormal behaviours in animals 9069:Animals, Property, and the Law 7141:Alternatives to animal testing 6810:Christianity and animal rights 6566:Climate change and agriculture 6339:Agriculture in the Middle Ages 5668:The Tale of Jemima Puddle-Duck 3656:. 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Archived from 2045: 1690: 1570: 1022:associated with outbreaks of 912: 905:to re-invigorate egg-laying. 11436:Horse Protection Act of 1970 10019:Humane Slaughter Association 10014:Humane Society International 8766:UPF-Centre for Animal Ethics 6911:Argument from marginal cases 6344:Arab Agricultural Revolution 4919:Avian sarcoma leukosis virus 4601:The National Chicken Council 4159:. NY: W.W. Norton & Co. 3830:Australian Broadcasting Corp 3336:10.1016/0304-3940(91)90772-l 3274:10.1016/0304-3762(82)90140-7 2681:"Soil Association Standards" 2539:10.1080/00071668.2010.502518 2168:World "atch Institute, p. 26 1799: 1751: 1665:Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae 1408:Food and Drug Administration 1221:Issues with indoor husbandry 781:Food and Drug Administration 127:Arab Agricultural Revolution 43:Bank of cages for layer hens 7: 11418:Cruelty to Animals Act 1876 11347:Rapa das Bestas of Sabucedo 10049:League Against Cruel Sports 10024:International Animal Rescue 9949:Compassion in World Farming 9053:Morals, Reason, and Animals 8681:Farm Animal Rights Movement 8631:Anonymous for the Voiceless 7315:International primate trade 6790:Anarchism and animal rights 5680:Jonathan Livingston Seagull 5632:The Conference of the Birds 5091: 4682: 4295:"Animal Mortality Disposal" 4272:Ritz, Casey (August 2017). 3470:Pain Syndromes in Neurology 2961:"Ecologist, September 2011" 1989: 1678:. Beemer et al. 1970 finds 1029: 921:Baby free range chicken in 10: 11550: 11406:Animal Welfare Act of 1966 11383:Animal testing regulations 9775:Compassionate conservation 9173:Making a Stand for Animals 9045:The Case for Animal Rights 8696:Hunt Saboteurs Association 8656:Cruelty Free International 8626:Anti-Vivisection Coalition 7151:Animal testing regulations 6304:Agriculture in Mesoamerica 5962:Human–dinosaur coexistence 5661:A History of British Birds 5467:In mythology and religion 2994:. National Chicken Council 2811:February 24, 2012, at the 2224:"Fresh-Air Poultry Houses" 1623:Staphylococcus epidermidis 1551: 1477: 1417: 1396: 1350:Laying hens are routinely 1343: 1242:Indoor with higher welfare 1167: 1130: 1090: 1056: 1052: 1038: 959: 87:Agriculture in Mesoamerica 31: 11478: 11462: 11375: 11317:International Primate Day 11267: 11229: 11153: 10968: 10910:Caitlin O'Connell-Rodwell 10797: 10788: 10423: 10252: 10243: 10162: 9876: 9828: 9737: 9699:Welfare of farmed insects 9621: 9559: 9532: 9479: 9429: 9369: 9362: 9328:The Ghosts in Our Machine 9183: 9165:Animal Ethics in the Wild 8948: 8944: 8933: 8909: 8820: 8784: 8601:Animal Legal Defense Fund 8568: 8561: 8557: 8543: 8380: 8099: 8092: 7895:William Hamilton Drummond 7837: 7546: 7537: 7533: 7519: 7480: 7459: 7398: 7348: 7290: 7262: 7254:Welfare of farmed insects 7199: 7131: 7023: 7016: 6881:Animal–industrial complex 6848: 6772: 6768: 6757: 6663: 6654:Universities and colleges 6630: 6574: 6522: 6383: 6287: 6272:Universities and colleges 6084: 6077: 6043: 6020: 5967:Category:Birds and humans 5954: 5894:Henry Constantine Richter 5836: 5798: 5568: 5525: 5514: 5388: 5226: 5193: 5155: 5099: 4991:Infectious bursal disease 4980:Gallid alphaherpesvirus 3 4894: 4851: 4763: 4740: 4690: 3993:"Poultry Dipslides Tests" 3832:. Abc.net.au. May 5, 2002 3727:"A Broad View of Arsenic" 3685:December 5, 2016, at the 3379:10.1080/00071669708418022 3301:10.1080/00071668908417172 3247:10.1017/S0962728600015189 3078:10.1108/01439910810854638 1422:Poultry feed can include 1276: 1116:Animal welfare scientists 807:Intensive and alternative 614:Universities and colleges 574:Universities and colleges 10621:Alasdair Alpin MacGregor 10171:American Humane Magazine 10089:Party for Animal Welfare 9914:Animal Welfare Institute 9714:Feedback (pork industry) 9664:Intensive animal farming 9406:Journal of Animal Ethics 9272:Your Mommy Kills Animals 8661:Direct Action Everywhere 8065:Johann Heinrich Winckler 8010:Nathaniel Peabody Rogers 7467:Direct Action Everywhere 7171:Huntingdon Life Sciences 7156:Labcorp Drug Development 7113:Feedback (pork industry) 7078:Intensive animal farming 6815:History of animal rights 6639:Agriculturist profession 6116:Agricultural engineering 6101:Agricultural cooperative 5579:Bird-and-flower painting 4755:List of poultry feathers 4149:Lester R. Brown (2003). 4085:10.1177/1040638717742435 3403:Gallus gallus domesticus 1969:World chicken population 1924:Worker health and safety 1794:environmentally friendly 1724:Waste management, manure 599:Agriculturist profession 418:Agricultural engineering 403:Agricultural cooperative 27:Part of animal husbandry 11430:EU Directive 1999/74/EC 11424:EU Directive 2010/63/EU 11400:Animal Welfare Act 2006 11394:Animal Welfare Act 1999 11357:Surin Elephant Round-up 11161:Animal advocacy parties 10696:Thomas Bywater Smithies 10666:Maude Gillette Phillips 10656:Catherine Louisa Pirkis 10561:Catherine Victoria Hall 10149:World Animal Protection 10144:Wildlife Aid Foundation 9541:Holocaust on your Plate 9312:An Apology to Elephants 9093:Do Animals Have Rights? 9029:Animals, Men and Morals 9005:Better-World Philosophy 8882:Italian Animalist Party 8761:United Poultry Concerns 8716:Last Chance for Animals 8611:Animal Liberation Front 8498:Maud Ingersoll Probasco 6983:Replaceability argument 6901:Animal-free agriculture 6544:Agricultural wastewater 6267:Sustainable food system 6262:Sustainable agriculture 6153:Animal-free agriculture 6121:Agricultural technology 5046:Tibial dyschondroplasia 5041:Squamous cell carcinoma 4750:List of chicken colours 4217:. Springer. p. 9. 3367:British Poultry Science 3289:British Poultry Science 3262:Applied Animal Ethology 2795:10.1081/E-EAS-120019534 2581:WSPA International> 2527:British Poultry Science 2166:State of the World 2006 1940:, and skin infections. 1592:Clostridium perfringens 836:and other poultry (70%) 569:Sustainable food system 564:Sustainable agriculture 455:Animal-free agriculture 423:Agricultural technology 11332:Monkey Buffet Festival 10481:Gerard Lysley Derriman 10134:Toronto Humane Society 9800:Humane law enforcement 9760:Animal welfare science 9750:Animal psychopathology 9514:Salvation of Innocents 9061:Zoos and Animal Rights 8636:Beauty Without Cruelty 8596:Animal Justice Project 7930:John Zephaniah Holwell 7584:Stephen St. C. Bostock 7161:Great ape research ban 6780:Animal rights movement 6644:Agricultural machinery 6602:History of agriculture 6587:Agriculture by country 6582:Agricultural machinery 6539:Agricultural pollution 6534:Agricultural expansion 6309:Austronesian expansion 6220:Mechanised agriculture 5934:BirdLife International 5874:John Gerrard Keulemans 5826:of the Tower of London 5687:In theatre and ballet 5496:Driven grouse shooting 5316:Organic egg production 5251:Cannibalism in poultry 4381:"Predators of Poultry" 4337:Burns, Robert (2015). 4130:. Fao.org. May 3, 2002 3564:Animals in Translation 3517:Kuenzel, W.J. (2001). 2780:retrieved July 6, 2007 2592:retrieved July 6, 2007 2588:June 25, 2008, at the 2440:10.5713/ajas.2008.r.07 1934:carpal tunnel syndrome 1718:cost of doing business 1641:Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1617:Staphylococcus xylosus 1465: 1334:inert gas asphyxiation 1299: 1291: 1260: 1182: 1088: 1075: 957: 949: 941: 933: 803: 697:Agriculture portal 656:History of agriculture 641:Agriculture by country 636:Agricultural machinery 604:Agricultural machinery 522:Mechanised agriculture 92:Austronesian expansion 44: 11259:Tza'ar ba'alei chayim 10511:Agnes Estcourt-Oswald 10270:Matthew E. Bershadker 10227:The Animals' Guardian 9979:Eurogroup for Animals 9863:Pain in invertebrates 9770:Behavioral enrichment 9704:Wild animal suffering 9669:Intensive pig farming 9533:Fairs and exhibitions 9420:The Animals' Defender 9392:Cahiers antispécistes 9320:Speciesism: The Movie 9141:Animal (De)liberation 9101:Striking at the Roots 9013:The Universal Kinship 8973:The Rights of Animals 8894:People Animals Nature 8888:Party for the Animals 8701:In Defense of Animals 8463:Nina Douglas-Hamilton 7850:David Renaud Boullier 7436:Silver Spring monkeys 7335:Wild animal suffering 7244:Pain in invertebrates 7083:Intensive pig farming 6973:Opposition to hunting 6938:Ethics of eating meat 6649:Government ministries 6592:Agriculture companies 6428:Convertible husbandry 6106:Agricultural supplies 6056:Agricultural Engineer 4415:Cooperative Extension 4387:Ohio State University 3870:10.1093/ps/82.10.1509 3769:. ConsumerReports.org 3725:Jones, F. T. (2007). 3600:In Defense of Animals 3399:Breward, J., (1985). 3129:on September 28, 2011 2923:10.3382/ps.2008-00369 2501:on September 28, 2011 2399:10.1093/ps/81.10.1454 2310:. homesteadchores.com 2288:on September 28, 2011 2027:Hy-Line International 1796:mortality solutions. 1671:Gallibacterium anatis 1647:Enterococcus faecalis 1635:Pasteurella multocida 1611:Staphylococcus aureus 1599:Clostridium sordellii 1581:gangrenous dermatitis 1460: 1412:antibiotic resistance 1297: 1289: 1258: 1236:feed conversion ratio 1181:in a production house 1177: 1086: 1070: 956:Chicken coop in Ghana 955: 947: 939: 920: 883:is a structure where 793: 646:Agriculture companies 609:Government ministries 408:Agricultural supplies 245:Convertible husbandry 42: 11352:Running of the bulls 11071:Francis Orpen Morris 10756:Caroline Earle White 10671:Samuel Jackson Pratt 10591:Velma Bronn Johnston 10461:Victoria Braithwaite 10340:Emily Patterson-Kane 10290:Judy MacArthur Clark 9904:Animal Aid Unlimited 9894:Animal Welfare Party 9780:Conservation welfare 9724:Ventilation shutdown 9149:Sentientist Politics 9077:The Lives of Animals 8828:Animal Justice Party 8641:Born Free Foundation 8478:Lizzy Lind af Hageby 8352:Wendy Turner-Webster 8060:Adam Gottlieb Weigen 7282:Recreational fishing 7123:Ventilation shutdown 6891:Animal protectionism 6871:Animal consciousness 6299:Neolithic Revolution 6158:Cellular agriculture 6111:Agricultural science 5852:The Birds of America 5638:Ode to a Nightingale 5331:In the United States 4954:Dermanyssus gallinae 4649:at Wikimedia Commons 4525:"Chicken population" 3806:on September 3, 2011 3536:10.1093/ps/86.6.1273 3324:Neuroscience Letters 3155:on February 13, 2012 2815:United Egg Producers 2226:. Norton Creek Press 2062:. CAB International. 1586:Clostridium septicum 460:Cellular agriculture 413:Agricultural science 82:Neolithic Revolution 11277:Blessing of animals 11111:William O. Stillman 11066:Basheer Ahmad Masri 11026:J. Morewood Dowsett 11021:Christian Adam Dann 10771:Alice Morgan Wright 10706:Ellin Prince Speyer 10521:Aida McAnn Flemming 10516:Edward G. Fairholme 10446:Madeleine Bemelmans 10300:Peter Ronald Davies 10154:World Horse Welfare 10059:Network for Animals 9939:Blue Cross of India 9853:Pain in crustaceans 9848:Pain in cephalopods 9815:Three Rs principles 9659:Eating live seafood 9654:Eating live animals 9649:Livestock dehorning 9573:( 139 ) 9399:Etica & Animali 9385:Between the Species 9109:An American Trilogy 8802:Humanitarian League 8413:Frances Power Cobbe 8025:Arthur Schopenhauer 8020:Henry Stephens Salt 7900:Edward Payson Evans 7594:Stephen R. L. Clark 7451:War of the currents 7340:Wildlife management 7234:Pain in crustaceans 7229:Pain in cephalopods 5889:Roger Tory Peterson 4622:"Lives on the Line" 4488:on August 20, 2016. 4390:. December 20, 2018 4246:. Delaware Online. 4211:Tom Lovell (1998). 4192:on November 5, 2012 3181:The Washington Post 3045:on October 23, 2013 2963:. September 8, 2011 2836:on December 3, 2012 2148:Damian Carrington, 1746:organic fertilizers 1251:Free-range broilers 1121:abnormal behaviours 1044:recordkeeping. The 896:Egg-laying chickens 341:Steam sterilization 11342:Pushkar Camel Fair 11201:Cruelty to animals 11186:Animal sanctuaries 11126:D. G. M. Wood-Gush 11081:Siobhan O'Sullivan 10746:Christopher Wathes 10716:Elisabeth Svendsen 10691:Catherine Smithies 10546:Colesworthey Grant 10260:Michael C. Appleby 10094:People for Animals 9843:Pain in amphibians 9790:Ethical omnivorism 9336:Unlocking the Cage 9157:Wild Animal Ethics 8981:The Ethics of Diet 8858:Animalist Movement 8834:Animal Politics EU 8746:Sentience Politics 8372:That Vegan Teacher 7985:Siobhan O'Sullivan 7970:José Ferrater Mora 7779:Steve F. Sapontzis 7272:Commercial fishing 7224:Pain in amphibians 7214:Cruelty to animals 7186:Operation Backfire 7025:Animal agriculture 6933:Emotion in animals 6433:Rotational grazing 6349:Columbian exchange 5904:Archibald Thorburn 5847:John James Audubon 5256:Chicken eyeglasses 4934:Campylobacteriosis 4551:top5ofanything.com 3911:10.3382/ps.0731795 3440:10.1007/BF01951693 2621:10.3390/ani5030368 2080:. October 10, 2018 1945:chronic bronchitis 1843:long-tailed weasel 1774:nutrient pollution 1583:. GD is caused by 1466: 1300: 1292: 1261: 1183: 1089: 1076: 958: 950: 942: 934: 923:Ishwarganj Upazila 804: 742:domesticated birds 250:Rotational grazing 132:Columbian exchange 45: 18:Poultry production 11496: 11495: 11327:Dog Meat Festival 11302:Gadhimai festival 11149: 11148: 11091:Francis H. Rowley 11086:Charles Reinhardt 11016:Stephen Coleridge 10875:Alistair Lawrence 10810:Jonathan Balcombe 10784: 10783: 10726:Ralph Waldo Trine 10711:Christine Stevens 10641:Lady Mount Temple 10571:Rachel Hirschfeld 10441:H. Baillie-Weaver 10178:Animal Protection 10054:Marine Connection 9719:Foam depopulation 9644:Cormorant culling 9581: 9580: 9574: 9555: 9554: 9551: 9550: 9522:Onward to Freedom 9490:Animal Liberation 9475: 9474: 9296:Forks Over Knives 9248:Peaceable Kingdom 9208:Shores of Silence 9200:A Cow at My Table 9085:Eternal Treblinka 9037:Animal Liberation 8929: 8928: 8925: 8924: 8816: 8815: 8751:Uncaged Campaigns 8726:Mercy for Animals 8691:Great Ape Project 8606:Animal Liberation 8552:(groups, parties) 8539: 8538: 8535: 8534: 8531: 8530: 8438:Elizabeth Farians 8347:Christine Townend 8287:Heather Nicholson 8212:Brigitte Gothière 8202:Antoine Goetschel 8088: 8087: 7749:Charles Patterson 7654:Gary L. Francione 7629:Josephine Donovan 7619:Daniel Dombrowski 7599:Alasdair Cochrane 7515: 7514: 7511: 7510: 7394: 7393: 7325:Predation problem 7209:Animal euthanasia 7118:Foam depopulation 6953:Insects in ethics 6717: 6716: 6277:Urban agriculture 6250:Rice-duck farming 6198:Intensive farming 6168:Extensive farming 5980: 5979: 5915:Conservationists 5884:Richard Lewington 5674:The Ugly Duckling 5491:Cormorant fishing 5418:Bird conservation 5344: 5343: 5276:Chicken harvester 5059: 5058: 5016:Newcastle disease 4996:Infectious coryza 4647:Poultry husbandry 4645:Media related to 4224:978-0-412-07701-2 4166:978-0-393-05859-8 4077:SAGE Publications 4013:Yashroy, Rakesh. 3744:10.1093/ps/86.1.2 3609:978-1-4051-1941-2 3578:978-0-7432-4769-6 3103:. Poultry.network 2866:978-0-85199-667-7 2433:(11): 1680–1688. 2392:(10): 1454–1462. 2012:Chicken harvester 1963:access to toilets 1907:, especially the 1874:, especially the 1857:, especially the 1837:, especially the 1817:, especially the 1730:larger operations 1605:Clostridium novyi 1494:study discovered 731: 730: 579:Urban agriculture 552:Rice-duck farming 500:Intensive farming 470:Extensive farming 16:(Redirected from 11541: 11514:Animal husbandry 11486: 11485: 11442:Hunting Act 2004 11367:World Animal Day 11292:Combat de Reines 11181:Animal sacrifice 11096:W. M. S. Russell 11076:George Nicholson 10976:George T. Angell 10920:Susan J. Pearson 10820:Geoffrey Barstow 10795: 10794: 10761:Emily Williamson 10616:Victoria Lidiard 10566:Edward Hemingway 10551:George Greenwood 10491:Marjorie Doggett 10415:Tina M. Widowski 10390:Adolfo Sansolini 10265:Cynthia Bathurst 10250: 10249: 10220:Our Dumb Animals 9831:nonhuman animals 9709:Wildlife farming 9608: 9601: 9594: 9585: 9584: 9572: 9567: 9566: 9378:Animal Sentience 9367: 9366: 9232:Legally Blonde 2 9192:The Animals Film 8946: 8945: 8935: 8934: 8741:Rise for Animals 8566: 8565: 8559: 8558: 8545: 8544: 8408:Edith Carrington 8312:Craig Rosebraugh 8272:Virginia McKenna 8262:Jo-Anne McArthur 8192:Juliet Gellatley 8097: 8096: 8055:Mary Anne Warren 7995:Humphrey Primatt 7980:Edward Nicholson 7950:Charles R. Magel 7915:Thomas G. Gentry 7774:Richard D. Ryder 7714:Thomas Lepeltier 7544: 7543: 7535: 7534: 7521: 7520: 7488:World Animal Day 7446:Unnecessary Fuss 7406:Brown Dog affair 7376:Animals in sport 7366:Animal slaughter 7361:Animal sacrifice 7300:Culling wildlife 7103:Wildlife farming 7021: 7020: 6866:Animal cognition 6835:Total liberation 6770: 6769: 6759: 6758: 6744: 6737: 6730: 6721: 6720: 6706: 6705: 6694: 6693: 6682: 6670: 6669: 6514:Wildlife farming 6364:Green Revolution 6315:Ancient history 6255:Rice-fish system 6163:Contract farming 6148:Animal husbandry 6007: 6000: 5993: 5984: 5983: 5520: 5371: 5364: 5357: 5348: 5347: 5321:Pastured poultry 5086: 5079: 5072: 5063: 5062: 4803:Broiler industry 4677: 4670: 4663: 4654: 4653: 4644: 4629: 4628: 4626: 4618: 4612: 4611: 4609: 4607: 4593: 4587: 4586: 4584: 4582: 4568: 4562: 4561: 4559: 4557: 4543: 4537: 4536: 4534: 4532: 4521: 4515: 4514: 4512: 4510: 4496: 4490: 4489: 4487: 4481:. 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Douglas Hume 10981:Patrick Bateson 10964: 10960:Peter Wohlleben 10905:Virginia Morell 10885:Jeremy Marchant 10880:David Macdonald 10870:Barbara J. King 10790: 10780: 10766:H. Fergie Woods 10636:Shirley McGreal 10531:Basil Goldstone 10501:Alice Drakoules 10431:Gertrude Ansell 10419: 10355:Christine Nicol 10245: 10239: 10158: 10114:RSPCA Australia 9944:Cats Protection 9899:American Humane 9872: 9838:Pain in animals 9830: 9824: 9820:Welfare biology 9733: 9684:Poultry farming 9617: 9612: 9582: 9577: 9547: 9528: 9471: 9452:Muutoksen kevät 9425: 9358: 9264:Behind the Mask 9179: 8989:Animals' Rights 8940: 8921: 8905: 8812: 8780: 8553: 8527: 8388:Cleveland Amory 8376: 8342:Darren Thurston 8337:Marianne Thieme 8187:Bruce Friedrich 8152:Joey Carbstrong 8137:Brigitte Bardot 8084: 8075:Jon Wynne-Tyson 7965:J. Howard Moore 7910:John Galsworthy 7890:Wilhelm Dietler 7833: 7829:Corey Lee Wrenn 7739:Martha Nussbaum 7649:Lawrence Finsen 7589:Paola Cavalieri 7564:Kristin Andrews 7539: 7529: 7507: 7476: 7455: 7390: 7344: 7286: 7258: 7219:Pain in animals 7195: 7127: 7093:Poultry farming 7012: 6844: 6764: 6753: 6748: 6718: 6713: 6659: 6658: 6657: 6626: 6617:Poultry farming 6570: 6525: 6518: 6489:Poultry farming 6379: 6355:Modern history 6335:Post-classical 6283: 6282: 6281: 6225:Organic farming 6080: 6079: 6075: 6039: 6016: 6011: 5981: 5976: 5950: 5832: 5794: 5564: 5521: 5512: 5384: 5375: 5345: 5340: 5301:Furnished cages 5296:Free-range eggs 5228:Poultry farming 5222: 5189: 5151: 5127:Domestic pigeon 5095: 5090: 5060: 5055: 5006:Marek's disease 4914:Avian influenza 4890: 4847: 4798:Poultry farming 4793:Chicken tractor 4783:Furnished cages 4759: 4736: 4686: 4681: 4637: 4632: 4624: 4620: 4619: 4615: 4605: 4603: 4595: 4594: 4590: 4580: 4578: 4570: 4569: 4565: 4555: 4553: 4545: 4544: 4540: 4530: 4528: 4523: 4522: 4518: 4508: 4506: 4498: 4497: 4493: 4485: 4478: 4474: 4473: 4469: 4459: 4457: 4449: 4448: 4444: 4435: 4431: 4421: 4419: 4408: 4407: 4403: 4393: 4391: 4379: 4378: 4374: 4362: 4358: 4357: 4353: 4341: 4335: 4331: 4319: 4313: 4309: 4304:. January 2011. 4297: 4293: 4292: 4288: 4276: 4270: 4266: 4256: 4254: 4236: 4232: 4225: 4209: 4205: 4195: 4193: 4178: 4174: 4167: 4147: 4143: 4133: 4131: 4126: 4125: 4118: 4059: 4055: 4045: 4043: 4038: 4037: 4033: 4023: 4021: 4011: 4007: 3997: 3995: 3991: 3990: 3986: 3976: 3974: 3970: 3963: 3959: 3958: 3954: 3944: 3942: 3939: 3935: 3934: 3927: 3890: 3886: 3863:(10): 1509–18. 3849: 3845: 3835: 3833: 3824: 3823: 3819: 3809: 3807: 3798: 3797: 3793: 3786: 3782: 3772: 3770: 3765: 3764: 3760: 3731:Poultry Science 3723: 3719: 3711:Roth, Natalia. 3710: 3706: 3698:Ogle, Maureen. 3697: 3693: 3687:Wayback Machine 3678:Castonon, J.R. 3677: 3673: 3663: 3661: 3654:Washington Post 3648: 3647: 3643: 3633: 3631: 3629:Washington Post 3621: 3617: 3610: 3593: 3586: 3579: 3559:Grandin, Temple 3556: 3552: 3523:Poultry Science 3515: 3511: 3480: 3476: 3467: 3463: 3424: 3420: 3415: 3411: 3398: 3394: 3363: 3359: 3320: 3316: 3285: 3281: 3258: 3254: 3231: 3227: 3222: 3215: 3200: 3196: 3186: 3184: 3172: 3168: 3158: 3156: 3147: 3146: 3142: 3132: 3130: 3121: 3120: 3116: 3106: 3104: 3097: 3093: 3062: 3058: 3048: 3046: 3037: 3036: 3032: 3022: 3020: 3015: 3014: 3007: 2997: 2995: 2990: 2989: 2976: 2966: 2964: 2959: 2958: 2954: 2943: 2939: 2910:Poultry Science 2902: 2898: 2888: 2886: 2883: 2879: 2878: 2874: 2867: 2853: 2849: 2839: 2837: 2830:Washington Post 2824: 2823: 2819: 2813:Wayback Machine 2804: 2800: 2788: 2784: 2775: 2771: 2761: 2759: 2749: 2745: 2735: 2733: 2723: 2719: 2709: 2707: 2703: 2702: 2695: 2685: 2683: 2679: 2678: 2671: 2659: 2655: 2654: 2647: 2600: 2596: 2590:Wayback Machine 2580: 2576: 2560: 2559: 2523: 2514: 2504: 2502: 2493: 2492: 2481: 2471: 2469: 2461: 2460: 2456: 2419: 2415: 2386:Poultry Science 2378: 2374: 2364: 2362: 2349: 2348: 2344: 2334: 2332: 2328: 2327: 2323: 2313: 2311: 2306: 2305: 2301: 2291: 2289: 2280: 2279: 2272: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2253: 2252: 2248: 2243: 2239: 2229: 2227: 2220: 2216: 2204: 2203: 2194: 2193: 2186: 2184: 2177: 2176: 2172: 2164: 2160: 2147: 2143: 2130: 2128: 2123: 2122: 2118: 2105: 2103: 2098: 2097: 2093: 2083: 2081: 2072: 2071: 2067: 2056: 2052: 2048: 2002: 1997: 1995: 1992: 1971: 1926: 1802: 1754: 1726: 1710: 1693: 1573: 1560:avian influenza 1556: 1554:Avian influenza 1550: 1548:Avian influenza 1482: 1471: 1469:Growth hormones 1420: 1401: 1395: 1356:feather pecking 1348: 1342: 1284: 1279: 1270: 1253: 1244: 1223: 1188: 1186:Indoor broilers 1172: 1166: 1135: 1133:Furnished cages 1129: 1101:, although the 1095: 1081: 1061: 1055: 1041: 1032: 1024:Avian influenza 1011:feather pecking 977:free-range eggs 964: 915: 898: 873: 853: 852: 851: 850: 839: 837: 829: 809: 800:controlled burn 736:is the form of 734:Poultry farming 727: 691: 689: 684: 683: 682: 681: 680: 671:Poultry farming 628: 620: 619: 618: 593: 585: 584: 583: 527:Organic farming 392: 384: 383: 382: 357: 347: 346: 345: 177: 167: 166: 165: 164: 163: 138:Modern history 118:Post-classical 71: 37: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 11547: 11537: 11536: 11531: 11526: 11521: 11516: 11511: 11494: 11493: 11491: 11490: 11479: 11476: 11475: 11473: 11472: 11466: 11464: 11460: 11459: 11457: 11456: 11450: 11445: 11439: 11433: 11427: 11421: 11415: 11409: 11403: 11397: 11391: 11385: 11379: 11377: 11373: 11372: 11370: 11369: 11364: 11359: 11354: 11349: 11344: 11339: 11334: 11329: 11324: 11319: 11314: 11309: 11304: 11299: 11294: 11289: 11284: 11282:Bous al carrer 11279: 11273: 11271: 11265: 11264: 11262: 11261: 11256: 11251: 11246: 11241: 11235: 11233: 11232:considerations 11227: 11226: 11224: 11223: 11218: 11213: 11208: 11203: 11198: 11193: 11191:Animal testing 11188: 11183: 11178: 11173: 11168: 11166:Animal killing 11163: 11157: 11155: 11151: 11150: 11147: 11146: 11144: 11143: 11141:William Youatt 11138: 11133: 11128: 11123: 11118: 11113: 11108: 11106:Colin Spedding 11103: 11098: 11093: 11088: 11083: 11078: 11073: 11068: 11063: 11061:James Macaulay 11058: 11053: 11048: 11043: 11041:Ralph Fletcher 11038: 11036:George Fleming 11033: 11028: 11023: 11018: 11013: 11008: 11003: 10998: 10993: 10988: 10983: 10978: 10972: 10970: 10966: 10965: 10963: 10962: 10957: 10955:Jennifer Skiff 10952: 10947: 10945:Matthew Scully 10942: 10937: 10932: 10930:Jessica Pierce 10927: 10922: 10917: 10912: 10907: 10902: 10897: 10892: 10887: 10882: 10877: 10872: 10867: 10862: 10857: 10852: 10850:Temple Grandin 10847: 10842: 10837: 10835:Marian Dawkins 10832: 10827: 10822: 10817: 10812: 10807: 10801: 10799: 10792: 10786: 10785: 10782: 10781: 10779: 10778: 10776:Gretchen Wyler 10773: 10768: 10763: 10758: 10753: 10748: 10743: 10738: 10733: 10728: 10723: 10718: 10713: 10708: 10703: 10698: 10693: 10688: 10683: 10678: 10676:Wilfred Risdon 10673: 10668: 10663: 10661:Eliza Phillips 10658: 10653: 10648: 10646:Harriet Nevins 10643: 10638: 10633: 10631:Richard Martin 10628: 10623: 10618: 10613: 10608: 10603: 10598: 10593: 10588: 10583: 10581:Clive Hollands 10578: 10576:Sjoerd Hofstra 10573: 10568: 10563: 10558: 10553: 10548: 10543: 10538: 10533: 10528: 10523: 10518: 10513: 10508: 10503: 10498: 10496:Muriel Dowding 10493: 10488: 10483: 10478: 10473: 10468: 10466:Roger A. Caras 10463: 10458: 10453: 10448: 10443: 10438: 10436:Emily Appleton 10433: 10427: 10425: 10421: 10420: 10418: 10417: 10412: 10407: 10402: 10397: 10392: 10387: 10382: 10377: 10372: 10370:Ilka Reinhardt 10367: 10365:Sharon Pincott 10362: 10357: 10352: 10347: 10345:Philip Lymbery 10342: 10337: 10332: 10327: 10322: 10317: 10312: 10307: 10302: 10297: 10295:Kendra Coulter 10292: 10287: 10282: 10277: 10275:Christa Blanke 10272: 10267: 10262: 10256: 10254: 10247: 10241: 10240: 10238: 10237: 10234:The Zoophilist 10230: 10223: 10216: 10209: 10206:Human Advocate 10202: 10195: 10188: 10185:Animal Welfare 10181: 10174: 10166: 10164: 10160: 10159: 10157: 10156: 10151: 10146: 10141: 10136: 10131: 10126: 10121: 10116: 10111: 10106: 10101: 10096: 10091: 10086: 10081: 10076: 10071: 10066: 10061: 10056: 10051: 10046: 10041: 10036: 10031: 10026: 10021: 10016: 10011: 10006: 10001: 9996: 9991: 9986: 9981: 9976: 9971: 9966: 9961: 9959:Cinnamon Trust 9956: 9951: 9946: 9941: 9936: 9931: 9926: 9921: 9916: 9911: 9906: 9901: 9896: 9891: 9886: 9880: 9878: 9874: 9873: 9871: 9870: 9865: 9860: 9855: 9850: 9845: 9840: 9834: 9832: 9826: 9825: 9823: 9822: 9817: 9812: 9807: 9802: 9797: 9792: 9787: 9782: 9777: 9772: 9767: 9762: 9757: 9755:Animal shelter 9752: 9747: 9741: 9739: 9735: 9734: 9732: 9731: 9726: 9721: 9716: 9711: 9706: 9701: 9696: 9691: 9686: 9681: 9676: 9671: 9666: 9661: 9656: 9651: 9646: 9641: 9636: 9631: 9629:Abandoned pets 9625: 9623: 9619: 9618: 9615:Animal welfare 9611: 9610: 9603: 9596: 9588: 9579: 9578: 9576: 9575: 9560: 9557: 9556: 9553: 9552: 9549: 9548: 9546: 9545: 9536: 9534: 9530: 9529: 9527: 9526: 9518: 9510: 9502: 9494: 9485: 9483: 9477: 9476: 9473: 9472: 9470: 9469: 9462: 9455: 9448: 9441: 9433: 9431: 9427: 9426: 9424: 9423: 9416: 9409: 9402: 9395: 9388: 9381: 9373: 9371: 9364: 9360: 9359: 9357: 9356: 9348: 9340: 9332: 9324: 9316: 9308: 9300: 9292: 9284: 9276: 9268: 9260: 9252: 9244: 9236: 9228: 9224:Meet Your Meat 9220: 9212: 9204: 9196: 9187: 9185: 9181: 9180: 9178: 9177: 9169: 9161: 9153: 9145: 9137: 9129: 9121: 9113: 9105: 9097: 9089: 9081: 9073: 9065: 9057: 9049: 9041: 9033: 9025: 9021:The New Ethics 9017: 9009: 9001: 8993: 8985: 8977: 8969: 8961: 8952: 8950: 8942: 8941: 8931: 8930: 8927: 8926: 8923: 8922: 8920: 8919: 8913: 8911: 8907: 8906: 8904: 8903: 8897: 8891: 8885: 8879: 8873: 8867: 8861: 8855: 8852:Animals' Party 8849: 8843: 8837: 8831: 8824: 8822: 8818: 8817: 8814: 8813: 8811: 8810: 8805: 8799: 8794: 8788: 8786: 8782: 8781: 8779: 8778: 8773: 8768: 8763: 8758: 8753: 8748: 8743: 8738: 8733: 8728: 8723: 8718: 8713: 8708: 8703: 8698: 8693: 8688: 8683: 8678: 8673: 8668: 8663: 8658: 8653: 8648: 8643: 8638: 8633: 8628: 8623: 8621:AnimaNaturalis 8618: 8613: 8608: 8603: 8598: 8593: 8591:Animal Justice 8588: 8583: 8578: 8572: 8570: 8563: 8555: 8554: 8541: 8540: 8537: 8536: 8533: 8532: 8529: 8528: 8526: 8525: 8523:Gretchen Wyler 8520: 8515: 8510: 8505: 8500: 8495: 8490: 8485: 8480: 8475: 8470: 8465: 8460: 8455: 8453:Lewis Gompertz 8450: 8445: 8443:Emarel Freshel 8440: 8435: 8433:Muriel Dowding 8430: 8425: 8420: 8415: 8410: 8405: 8400: 8395: 8390: 8384: 8382: 8378: 8377: 8375: 8374: 8369: 8367:Gary Yourofsky 8364: 8359: 8354: 8349: 8344: 8339: 8334: 8329: 8324: 8319: 8314: 8309: 8304: 8299: 8294: 8289: 8284: 8282:Ingrid Newkirk 8279: 8274: 8269: 8264: 8259: 8254: 8249: 8244: 8239: 8234: 8229: 8224: 8222:Charlotte Laws 8219: 8214: 8209: 8204: 8199: 8194: 8189: 8184: 8179: 8174: 8169: 8164: 8159: 8154: 8149: 8147:Yves Bonnardel 8144: 8139: 8134: 8129: 8124: 8122:Martin Balluch 8119: 8114: 8109: 8103: 8101: 8094: 8090: 8089: 8086: 8085: 8083: 8082: 8077: 8072: 8070:Steven M. Wise 8067: 8062: 8057: 8052: 8047: 8042: 8037: 8032: 8027: 8022: 8017: 8015:Bernard Rollin 8012: 8007: 8002: 7997: 7992: 7987: 7982: 7977: 7975:Leonard Nelson 7972: 7967: 7962: 7957: 7952: 7947: 7942: 7937: 7932: 7927: 7922: 7917: 7912: 7907: 7902: 7897: 7892: 7887: 7882: 7880:Herman Daggett 7877: 7872: 7870:Priscilla Cohn 7867: 7862: 7857: 7852: 7847: 7845:Jeremy Bentham 7841: 7839: 7835: 7834: 7832: 7831: 7826: 7821: 7816: 7811: 7806: 7801: 7796: 7791: 7786: 7781: 7776: 7771: 7766: 7761: 7759:Jessica Pierce 7756: 7751: 7746: 7741: 7736: 7731: 7726: 7721: 7716: 7711: 7706: 7701: 7696: 7691: 7689:Kyle Johannsen 7686: 7681: 7676: 7671: 7666: 7661: 7656: 7651: 7646: 7641: 7636: 7631: 7626: 7621: 7616: 7614:David DeGrazia 7611: 7606: 7601: 7596: 7591: 7586: 7581: 7576: 7571: 7566: 7561: 7556: 7554:Carol J. Adams 7550: 7548: 7541: 7531: 7530: 7517: 7516: 7513: 7512: 7509: 7508: 7506: 7505: 7500: 7495: 7490: 7484: 7482: 7478: 7477: 7475: 7474: 7469: 7463: 7461: 7457: 7456: 7454: 7453: 7448: 7443: 7438: 7433: 7428: 7426:Pit of despair 7423: 7418: 7413: 7408: 7402: 7400: 7396: 7395: 7392: 7391: 7389: 7388: 7383: 7378: 7373: 7368: 7363: 7358: 7356:Abandoned pets 7352: 7350: 7346: 7345: 7343: 7342: 7337: 7332: 7327: 7322: 7317: 7312: 7307: 7302: 7296: 7294: 7288: 7287: 7285: 7284: 7279: 7274: 7268: 7266: 7260: 7259: 7257: 7256: 7251: 7246: 7241: 7236: 7231: 7226: 7221: 7216: 7211: 7205: 7203: 7201:Animal welfare 7197: 7196: 7194: 7193: 7188: 7183: 7178: 7176:Model organism 7173: 7168: 7163: 7158: 7153: 7148: 7143: 7137: 7135: 7133:Animal testing 7129: 7128: 7126: 7125: 7120: 7115: 7110: 7108:Working animal 7105: 7100: 7098:Slaughterhouse 7095: 7090: 7085: 7080: 7075: 7073:Insect farming 7070: 7065: 7060: 7055: 7050: 7045: 7040: 7035: 7033:Animal product 7029: 7027: 7018: 7014: 7013: 7011: 7010: 7005: 7000: 6995: 6990: 6988:Sentiocentrism 6985: 6980: 6975: 6970: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6950: 6945: 6940: 6935: 6930: 6925: 6920: 6913: 6908: 6903: 6898: 6896:Animal welfare 6893: 6888: 6883: 6878: 6873: 6868: 6863: 6858: 6852: 6850: 6846: 6845: 6843: 6842: 6837: 6832: 6827: 6822: 6817: 6812: 6807: 6802: 6797: 6792: 6787: 6782: 6776: 6774: 6766: 6765: 6755: 6754: 6747: 6746: 6739: 6732: 6724: 6715: 6714: 6712: 6700: 6688: 6676: 6664: 6661: 6660: 6656: 6651: 6646: 6641: 6636: 6635: 6634: 6632: 6628: 6627: 6625: 6624: 6619: 6614: 6609: 6604: 6599: 6594: 6589: 6584: 6578: 6576: 6572: 6571: 6569: 6568: 6563: 6562: 6561: 6551: 6546: 6541: 6536: 6530: 6528: 6520: 6519: 6517: 6516: 6511: 6506: 6501: 6496: 6491: 6486: 6481: 6480: 6479: 6469: 6464: 6459: 6458: 6457: 6447: 6445:Insect farming 6442: 6437: 6436: 6435: 6430: 6420: 6415: 6410: 6405: 6400: 6395: 6389: 6387: 6381: 6380: 6378: 6377: 6376: 6371: 6366: 6361: 6353: 6352: 6351: 6346: 6341: 6333: 6332: 6331: 6326: 6324:Ancient Greece 6321: 6313: 6312: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6293: 6291: 6285: 6284: 6280: 6279: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6258: 6257: 6252: 6242: 6237: 6232: 6227: 6222: 6217: 6216: 6215: 6210: 6205: 6195: 6190: 6185: 6180: 6175: 6170: 6165: 6160: 6155: 6150: 6145: 6140: 6135: 6134: 6133: 6128: 6118: 6113: 6108: 6103: 6098: 6092: 6091: 6090: 6088: 6082: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6074: 6073: 6068: 6063: 6058: 6053: 6047: 6045: 6041: 6040: 6038: 6037: 6032: 6027: 6021: 6018: 6017: 6010: 6009: 6002: 5995: 5987: 5978: 5977: 5975: 5974: 5969: 5964: 5958: 5956: 5952: 5951: 5949: 5948: 5947: 5946: 5941: 5936: 5930:Organisations 5928: 5927: 5926: 5921: 5913: 5912: 5911: 5906: 5901: 5896: 5891: 5886: 5881: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5840: 5838: 5834: 5833: 5831: 5830: 5829: 5828: 5818: 5813: 5808: 5802: 5800: 5796: 5795: 5793: 5792: 5791: 5790: 5785: 5777: 5776: 5775: 5770: 5765: 5757: 5752: 5751: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5738:Animated films 5735: 5728: 5721: 5711: 5710: 5709: 5702: 5695: 5685: 5684: 5683: 5676: 5671: 5664: 5654: 5653: 5652: 5645: 5640: 5635: 5625: 5624: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5611:Gallic rooster 5608: 5603: 5598: 5588: 5587: 5586: 5584:Feather tights 5581: 5572: 5570: 5566: 5565: 5563: 5562: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5531: 5529: 5523: 5522: 5515: 5513: 5511: 5510: 5509: 5508: 5503: 5498: 5493: 5485: 5484: 5483: 5478: 5473: 5465: 5464: 5463: 5458: 5456:Model organism 5450: 5449: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5433: 5425: 5420: 5415: 5414: 5413: 5408: 5398: 5392: 5390: 5386: 5385: 5374: 5373: 5366: 5359: 5351: 5342: 5341: 5339: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5326:Poultry litter 5323: 5318: 5313: 5308: 5303: 5298: 5293: 5288: 5286:Forced molting 5283: 5278: 5273: 5268: 5263: 5258: 5253: 5248: 5243: 5238: 5232: 5230: 5224: 5223: 5221: 5220: 5218:White striping 5215: 5210: 5205: 5199: 5197: 5191: 5190: 5188: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5165:Chicken breeds 5161: 5159: 5153: 5152: 5150: 5149: 5144: 5139: 5134: 5132:Japanese quail 5129: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5109: 5103: 5101: 5097: 5096: 5089: 5088: 5081: 5074: 5066: 5057: 5056: 5054: 5053: 5048: 5043: 5038: 5033: 5028: 5023: 5018: 5013: 5008: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4976: 4971: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4921: 4916: 4911: 4906: 4900: 4898: 4892: 4891: 4889: 4888: 4883: 4878: 4873: 4868: 4863: 4857: 4855: 4849: 4848: 4846: 4845: 4840: 4835: 4830: 4825: 4820: 4815: 4813:Forced molting 4810: 4805: 4800: 4795: 4790: 4785: 4780: 4775: 4769: 4767: 4761: 4760: 4758: 4757: 4752: 4746: 4744: 4738: 4737: 4735: 4734: 4729: 4724: 4719: 4714: 4709: 4708: 4707: 4696: 4694: 4688: 4687: 4680: 4679: 4672: 4665: 4657: 4651: 4650: 4636: 4635:External links 4633: 4631: 4630: 4613: 4588: 4563: 4538: 4516: 4491: 4467: 4442: 4429: 4401: 4372: 4351: 4329: 4307: 4286: 4264: 4230: 4223: 4203: 4172: 4165: 4141: 4116: 4053: 4031: 4005: 3984: 3952: 3925: 3884: 3843: 3817: 3791: 3780: 3758: 3717: 3704: 3691: 3671: 3641: 3615: 3608: 3584: 3577: 3550: 3509: 3474: 3461: 3418: 3409: 3392: 3373:(5): 453–463. 3357: 3330:(1): 113–116. 3314: 3295:(3): 479–488. 3279: 3252: 3241:(4): 235–247. 3235:Animal Welfare 3225: 3213: 3194: 3166: 3140: 3114: 3091: 3072:(2): 143–152. 3056: 3030: 3005: 2974: 2952: 2937: 2916:(4): 698–707. 2896: 2872: 2865: 2847: 2817: 2798: 2782: 2769: 2743: 2717: 2693: 2669: 2645: 2614:(5): 495–511. 2594: 2574: 2533:(4): 488–499. 2512: 2479: 2454: 2413: 2372: 2342: 2321: 2299: 2270: 2246: 2237: 2214: 2205:|website= 2170: 2158: 2141: 2116: 2091: 2065: 2049: 2047: 2044: 2040: 2039: 2034: 2029: 2024: 2019: 2014: 2008: 2007: 1991: 1988: 1979:United Nations 1970: 1967: 1925: 1922: 1921: 1920: 1911: 1902: 1897: 1892: 1886: 1880: 1879: 1878: 1869: 1863:red-shouldered 1847: 1846: 1845: 1827: 1821: 1812: 1801: 1798: 1753: 1750: 1725: 1722: 1709: 1706: 1701:European Union 1692: 1689: 1572: 1569: 1564:United Nations 1552:Main article: 1549: 1546: 1527:Staphylococcus 1481: 1476: 1470: 1467: 1441:was used as a 1419: 1416: 1397:Main article: 1394: 1391: 1383:Temple Grandin 1344:Main article: 1341: 1338: 1326:carbon dioxide 1311:Animal Outlook 1303:Animal welfare 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1269: 1266: 1252: 1249: 1243: 1240: 1222: 1219: 1187: 1184: 1168:Main article: 1165: 1162: 1139:European Union 1131:Main article: 1128: 1127:Furnished cage 1125: 1091:Main article: 1080: 1077: 1057:Main article: 1054: 1051: 1040: 1037: 1031: 1028: 973:European Union 960:Main article: 914: 911: 897: 894: 872: 869: 838: 828: 812: 811: 810: 808: 805: 729: 728: 726: 725: 718: 711: 703: 700: 699: 686: 685: 679: 678: 673: 668: 663: 658: 653: 648: 643: 638: 632: 631: 630: 629: 626: 625: 622: 621: 617: 616: 611: 606: 601: 595: 594: 591: 590: 587: 586: 582: 581: 576: 571: 566: 561: 560: 559: 554: 544: 539: 534: 529: 524: 519: 518: 517: 512: 507: 497: 492: 487: 482: 477: 472: 467: 462: 457: 452: 447: 442: 437: 436: 435: 430: 420: 415: 410: 405: 400: 394: 393: 390: 389: 386: 385: 381: 380: 375: 370: 365: 359: 358: 353: 352: 349: 348: 344: 343: 338: 333: 328: 326:Slash-and-burn 323: 316: 311: 306: 301: 296: 291: 286: 281: 280: 279: 274: 269: 259: 254: 253: 252: 247: 237: 232: 227: 222: 217: 212: 211: 210: 205: 200: 195: 185: 179: 178: 173: 172: 169: 168: 162: 161: 160: 159: 154: 149: 144: 136: 135: 134: 129: 124: 116: 115: 114: 109: 107:Ancient Greece 104: 96: 95: 94: 89: 84: 75: 74: 73: 72: 67: 66: 63: 62: 54: 53: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11546: 11535: 11532: 11530: 11527: 11525: 11522: 11520: 11517: 11515: 11512: 11510: 11507: 11506: 11504: 11489: 11481: 11480: 11477: 11471: 11468: 11467: 11465: 11461: 11455:(Philippines) 11454: 11451: 11449: 11446: 11443: 11440: 11437: 11434: 11431: 11428: 11425: 11422: 11419: 11416: 11413: 11410: 11407: 11404: 11401: 11398: 11395: 11392: 11389: 11386: 11384: 11381: 11380: 11378: 11374: 11368: 11365: 11363: 11362:Toro embolado 11360: 11358: 11355: 11353: 11350: 11348: 11345: 11343: 11340: 11338: 11337:October Horse 11335: 11333: 11330: 11328: 11325: 11323: 11320: 11318: 11315: 11313: 11312:Goose pulling 11310: 11308: 11307:Goat throwing 11305: 11303: 11300: 11298: 11295: 11293: 11290: 11288: 11287:Cock throwing 11285: 11283: 11280: 11278: 11275: 11274: 11272: 11266: 11260: 11257: 11255: 11252: 11250: 11247: 11245: 11242: 11240: 11237: 11236: 11234: 11228: 11222: 11219: 11217: 11214: 11212: 11209: 11207: 11204: 11202: 11199: 11197: 11194: 11192: 11189: 11187: 11184: 11182: 11179: 11177: 11174: 11172: 11171:Animal rights 11169: 11167: 11164: 11162: 11159: 11158: 11156: 11152: 11142: 11139: 11137: 11134: 11132: 11131:Frans de Waal 11129: 11127: 11124: 11122: 11119: 11117: 11114: 11112: 11109: 11107: 11104: 11102: 11101:Chris Sherwin 11099: 11097: 11094: 11092: 11089: 11087: 11084: 11082: 11079: 11077: 11074: 11072: 11069: 11067: 11064: 11062: 11059: 11057: 11054: 11052: 11049: 11047: 11046:Ruth Harrison 11044: 11042: 11039: 11037: 11034: 11032: 11029: 11027: 11024: 11022: 11019: 11017: 11014: 11012: 11011:Gerald Carson 11009: 11007: 11004: 11002: 11001:Arthur Broome 10999: 10997: 10996:Edward Berdoe 10994: 10992: 10989: 10987: 10984: 10982: 10979: 10977: 10974: 10973: 10971: 10967: 10961: 10958: 10956: 10953: 10951: 10948: 10946: 10943: 10941: 10938: 10936: 10933: 10931: 10928: 10926: 10925:Dale Peterson 10923: 10921: 10918: 10916: 10913: 10911: 10908: 10906: 10903: 10901: 10900:Sy Montgomery 10898: 10896: 10893: 10891: 10888: 10886: 10883: 10881: 10878: 10876: 10873: 10871: 10868: 10866: 10863: 10861: 10858: 10856: 10853: 10851: 10848: 10846: 10843: 10841: 10838: 10836: 10833: 10831: 10828: 10826: 10823: 10821: 10818: 10816: 10815:Michael Balls 10813: 10811: 10808: 10806: 10805:Arnold Arluke 10803: 10802: 10800: 10796: 10793: 10787: 10777: 10774: 10772: 10769: 10767: 10764: 10762: 10759: 10757: 10754: 10752: 10749: 10747: 10744: 10742: 10739: 10737: 10734: 10732: 10729: 10727: 10724: 10722: 10719: 10717: 10714: 10712: 10709: 10707: 10704: 10702: 10699: 10697: 10694: 10692: 10689: 10687: 10684: 10682: 10681:Peter Roberts 10679: 10677: 10674: 10672: 10669: 10667: 10664: 10662: 10659: 10657: 10654: 10652: 10649: 10647: 10644: 10642: 10639: 10637: 10634: 10632: 10629: 10627: 10624: 10622: 10619: 10617: 10614: 10612: 10609: 10607: 10604: 10602: 10599: 10597: 10594: 10592: 10589: 10587: 10584: 10582: 10579: 10577: 10574: 10572: 10569: 10567: 10564: 10562: 10559: 10557: 10554: 10552: 10549: 10547: 10544: 10542: 10539: 10537: 10536:Julia Goddard 10534: 10532: 10529: 10527: 10524: 10522: 10519: 10517: 10514: 10512: 10509: 10507: 10506:Sarah J. Eddy 10504: 10502: 10499: 10497: 10494: 10492: 10489: 10487: 10484: 10482: 10479: 10477: 10474: 10472: 10469: 10467: 10464: 10462: 10459: 10457: 10456:Mary Brancker 10454: 10452: 10449: 10447: 10444: 10442: 10439: 10437: 10434: 10432: 10429: 10428: 10426: 10422: 10416: 10413: 10411: 10408: 10406: 10403: 10401: 10400:Karen Stockin 10398: 10396: 10395:Rakesh Shukla 10393: 10391: 10388: 10386: 10385:Sepehr Salimi 10383: 10381: 10378: 10376: 10375:Jill Robinson 10373: 10371: 10368: 10366: 10363: 10361: 10360:Wayne Pacelle 10358: 10356: 10353: 10351: 10350:Damien Mander 10348: 10346: 10343: 10341: 10338: 10336: 10335:Kathrin Glock 10333: 10331: 10328: 10326: 10325:Alison Hanlon 10323: 10321: 10320:Celia Hammond 10318: 10316: 10315:Robin Ganzert 10313: 10311: 10310:Alanna Devine 10308: 10306: 10303: 10301: 10298: 10296: 10293: 10291: 10288: 10286: 10283: 10281: 10278: 10276: 10273: 10271: 10268: 10266: 10263: 10261: 10258: 10257: 10255: 10251: 10248: 10242: 10236: 10235: 10231: 10229: 10228: 10224: 10222: 10221: 10217: 10215: 10214: 10210: 10208: 10207: 10203: 10201: 10200: 10196: 10194: 10193: 10192:AWI Quarterly 10189: 10187: 10186: 10182: 10180: 10179: 10175: 10173: 10172: 10168: 10167: 10165: 10161: 10155: 10152: 10150: 10147: 10145: 10142: 10140: 10137: 10135: 10132: 10130: 10127: 10125: 10122: 10120: 10117: 10115: 10112: 10110: 10107: 10105: 10102: 10100: 10097: 10095: 10092: 10090: 10087: 10085: 10082: 10080: 10077: 10075: 10072: 10070: 10067: 10065: 10062: 10060: 10057: 10055: 10052: 10050: 10047: 10045: 10042: 10040: 10037: 10035: 10032: 10030: 10027: 10025: 10022: 10020: 10017: 10015: 10012: 10010: 10007: 10005: 10004:Humane Canada 10002: 10000: 9999:Hedgehog Care 9997: 9995: 9992: 9990: 9987: 9985: 9982: 9980: 9977: 9975: 9972: 9970: 9967: 9965: 9962: 9960: 9957: 9955: 9952: 9950: 9947: 9945: 9942: 9940: 9937: 9935: 9932: 9930: 9927: 9925: 9924:Band of Mercy 9922: 9920: 9917: 9915: 9912: 9910: 9907: 9905: 9902: 9900: 9897: 9895: 9892: 9890: 9887: 9885: 9882: 9881: 9879: 9877:Organisations 9875: 9869: 9868:Grimace scale 9866: 9864: 9861: 9859: 9856: 9854: 9851: 9849: 9846: 9844: 9841: 9839: 9836: 9835: 9833: 9827: 9821: 9818: 9816: 9813: 9811: 9808: 9806: 9803: 9801: 9798: 9796: 9795:Five freedoms 9793: 9791: 9788: 9786: 9783: 9781: 9778: 9776: 9773: 9771: 9768: 9766: 9765:Anthrozoology 9763: 9761: 9758: 9756: 9753: 9751: 9748: 9746: 9743: 9742: 9740: 9736: 9730: 9727: 9725: 9722: 9720: 9717: 9715: 9712: 9710: 9707: 9705: 9702: 9700: 9697: 9695: 9692: 9690: 9687: 9685: 9682: 9680: 9679:Dairy farming 9677: 9675: 9672: 9670: 9667: 9665: 9662: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9650: 9647: 9645: 9642: 9640: 9639:Chick culling 9637: 9635: 9632: 9630: 9627: 9626: 9624: 9620: 9616: 9609: 9604: 9602: 9597: 9595: 9590: 9589: 9586: 9570: 9562: 9561: 9558: 9543: 9542: 9538: 9537: 9535: 9531: 9524: 9523: 9519: 9516: 9515: 9511: 9508: 9507: 9503: 9500: 9499: 9498:Tame Yourself 9495: 9492: 9491: 9487: 9486: 9484: 9482: 9478: 9468: 9467: 9463: 9461: 9460: 9459:No Compromise 9456: 9454: 9453: 9449: 9447: 9446: 9442: 9440: 9439: 9435: 9434: 9432: 9428: 9422: 9421: 9417: 9415: 9414: 9410: 9408: 9407: 9403: 9401: 9400: 9396: 9394: 9393: 9389: 9387: 9386: 9382: 9380: 9379: 9375: 9374: 9372: 9368: 9365: 9361: 9354: 9353: 9349: 9346: 9345: 9341: 9338: 9337: 9333: 9330: 9329: 9325: 9322: 9321: 9317: 9314: 9313: 9309: 9306: 9305: 9301: 9298: 9297: 9293: 9290: 9289: 9285: 9282: 9281: 9277: 9274: 9273: 9269: 9266: 9265: 9261: 9258: 9257: 9253: 9250: 9249: 9245: 9242: 9241: 9237: 9234: 9233: 9229: 9226: 9225: 9221: 9218: 9217: 9213: 9210: 9209: 9205: 9202: 9201: 9197: 9194: 9193: 9189: 9188: 9186: 9182: 9175: 9174: 9170: 9167: 9166: 9162: 9159: 9158: 9154: 9151: 9150: 9146: 9143: 9142: 9138: 9135: 9134: 9130: 9127: 9126: 9122: 9119: 9118: 9114: 9111: 9110: 9106: 9103: 9102: 9098: 9095: 9094: 9090: 9087: 9086: 9082: 9079: 9078: 9074: 9071: 9070: 9066: 9063: 9062: 9058: 9055: 9054: 9050: 9047: 9046: 9042: 9039: 9038: 9034: 9031: 9030: 9026: 9023: 9022: 9018: 9015: 9014: 9010: 9007: 9006: 9002: 8999: 8998: 8994: 8991: 8990: 8986: 8983: 8982: 8978: 8975: 8974: 8970: 8967: 8966: 8962: 8960:(3rd century) 8959: 8958: 8954: 8953: 8951: 8947: 8943: 8936: 8932: 8918: 8915: 8914: 8912: 8908: 8901: 8898: 8895: 8892: 8890:(Netherlands) 8889: 8886: 8883: 8880: 8877: 8874: 8871: 8868: 8865: 8862: 8859: 8856: 8853: 8850: 8847: 8844: 8841: 8838: 8835: 8832: 8829: 8826: 8825: 8823: 8819: 8809: 8806: 8803: 8800: 8798: 8795: 8793: 8790: 8789: 8787: 8783: 8777: 8774: 8772: 8769: 8767: 8764: 8762: 8759: 8757: 8754: 8752: 8749: 8747: 8744: 8742: 8739: 8737: 8734: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8699: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8687: 8684: 8682: 8679: 8677: 8674: 8672: 8669: 8667: 8664: 8662: 8659: 8657: 8654: 8652: 8649: 8647: 8644: 8642: 8639: 8637: 8634: 8632: 8629: 8627: 8624: 8622: 8619: 8617: 8616:Animal Rising 8614: 8612: 8609: 8607: 8604: 8602: 8599: 8597: 8594: 8592: 8589: 8587: 8586:Animal Ethics 8584: 8582: 8579: 8577: 8574: 8573: 8571: 8567: 8564: 8560: 8556: 8551: 8546: 8542: 8524: 8521: 8519: 8516: 8514: 8511: 8509: 8506: 8504: 8501: 8499: 8496: 8494: 8491: 8489: 8486: 8484: 8483:Jessie Mackay 8481: 8479: 8476: 8474: 8471: 8469: 8466: 8464: 8461: 8459: 8458:James Granger 8456: 8454: 8451: 8449: 8446: 8444: 8441: 8439: 8436: 8434: 8431: 8429: 8426: 8424: 8421: 8419: 8416: 8414: 8411: 8409: 8406: 8404: 8401: 8399: 8396: 8394: 8393:Henry B. Amos 8391: 8389: 8386: 8385: 8383: 8379: 8373: 8370: 8368: 8365: 8363: 8362:Louise Wallis 8360: 8358: 8355: 8353: 8350: 8348: 8345: 8343: 8340: 8338: 8335: 8333: 8330: 8328: 8327:Kim Stallwood 8325: 8323: 8322:Jasmin Singer 8320: 8318: 8317:Nathan Runkle 8315: 8313: 8310: 8308: 8305: 8303: 8302:David Olivier 8300: 8298: 8295: 8293: 8290: 8288: 8285: 8283: 8280: 8278: 8275: 8273: 8270: 8268: 8265: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8255: 8253: 8250: 8248: 8245: 8243: 8240: 8238: 8235: 8233: 8230: 8228: 8225: 8223: 8220: 8218: 8215: 8213: 8210: 8208: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8195: 8193: 8190: 8188: 8185: 8183: 8182:John Feldmann 8180: 8178: 8175: 8173: 8170: 8168: 8165: 8163: 8160: 8158: 8157:Aymeric Caron 8155: 8153: 8150: 8148: 8145: 8143: 8140: 8138: 8135: 8133: 8130: 8128: 8127:Carole Baskin 8125: 8123: 8120: 8118: 8115: 8113: 8110: 8108: 8105: 8104: 8102: 8098: 8095: 8091: 8081: 8078: 8076: 8073: 8071: 8068: 8066: 8063: 8061: 8058: 8056: 8053: 8051: 8048: 8046: 8043: 8041: 8038: 8036: 8033: 8031: 8030:Laurids Smith 8028: 8026: 8023: 8021: 8018: 8016: 8013: 8011: 8008: 8006: 8003: 8001: 8000:James Rachels 7998: 7996: 7993: 7991: 7988: 7986: 7983: 7981: 7978: 7976: 7973: 7971: 7968: 7966: 7963: 7961: 7958: 7956: 7953: 7951: 7948: 7946: 7945:John Lawrence 7943: 7941: 7938: 7936: 7933: 7931: 7928: 7926: 7923: 7921: 7918: 7916: 7913: 7911: 7908: 7906: 7903: 7901: 7898: 7896: 7893: 7891: 7888: 7886: 7883: 7881: 7878: 7876: 7873: 7871: 7868: 7866: 7863: 7861: 7858: 7856: 7855:Brigid Brophy 7853: 7851: 7848: 7846: 7843: 7842: 7840: 7836: 7830: 7827: 7825: 7822: 7820: 7819:Tatjana Višak 7817: 7815: 7812: 7810: 7809:David Sztybel 7807: 7805: 7804:Cass Sunstein 7802: 7800: 7797: 7795: 7792: 7790: 7787: 7785: 7782: 7780: 7777: 7775: 7772: 7770: 7769:Mark Rowlands 7767: 7765: 7764:Evelyn Pluhar 7762: 7760: 7757: 7755: 7752: 7750: 7747: 7745: 7742: 7740: 7737: 7735: 7732: 7730: 7727: 7725: 7722: 7720: 7719:Andrew Linzey 7717: 7715: 7712: 7710: 7707: 7705: 7704:Will Kymlicka 7702: 7700: 7697: 7695: 7692: 7690: 7687: 7685: 7684:Dale Jamieson 7682: 7680: 7677: 7675: 7672: 7670: 7667: 7665: 7664:Valéry Giroux 7662: 7660: 7659:Robert Garner 7657: 7655: 7652: 7650: 7647: 7645: 7642: 7640: 7637: 7635: 7632: 7630: 7627: 7625: 7624:Sue Donaldson 7622: 7620: 7617: 7615: 7612: 7610: 7607: 7605: 7604:J. M. Coetzee 7602: 7600: 7597: 7595: 7592: 7590: 7587: 7585: 7582: 7580: 7577: 7575: 7572: 7570: 7569:Tom Beauchamp 7567: 7565: 7562: 7560: 7557: 7555: 7552: 7551: 7549: 7545: 7542: 7536: 7532: 7527: 7522: 7518: 7504: 7501: 7499: 7496: 7494: 7491: 7489: 7486: 7485: 7483: 7479: 7473: 7472:Hunt sabotage 7470: 7468: 7465: 7464: 7462: 7460:Methodologies 7458: 7452: 7449: 7447: 7444: 7442: 7439: 7437: 7434: 7432: 7429: 7427: 7424: 7422: 7419: 7417: 7414: 7412: 7409: 7407: 7404: 7403: 7401: 7397: 7387: 7384: 7382: 7379: 7377: 7374: 7372: 7369: 7367: 7364: 7362: 7359: 7357: 7354: 7353: 7351: 7347: 7341: 7338: 7336: 7333: 7331: 7328: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7318: 7316: 7313: 7311: 7308: 7306: 7305:Hare coursing 7303: 7301: 7298: 7297: 7295: 7293: 7289: 7283: 7280: 7278: 7275: 7273: 7270: 7269: 7267: 7265: 7261: 7255: 7252: 7250: 7247: 7245: 7242: 7240: 7237: 7235: 7232: 7230: 7227: 7225: 7222: 7220: 7217: 7215: 7212: 7210: 7207: 7206: 7204: 7202: 7198: 7192: 7189: 7187: 7184: 7182: 7179: 7177: 7174: 7172: 7169: 7167: 7164: 7162: 7159: 7157: 7154: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7144: 7142: 7139: 7138: 7136: 7134: 7130: 7124: 7121: 7119: 7116: 7114: 7111: 7109: 7106: 7104: 7101: 7099: 7096: 7094: 7091: 7089: 7086: 7084: 7081: 7079: 7076: 7074: 7071: 7069: 7066: 7064: 7061: 7059: 7056: 7054: 7051: 7049: 7048:Chick culling 7046: 7044: 7041: 7039: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7030: 7028: 7026: 7022: 7019: 7015: 7009: 7008:Vegetarianism 7006: 7004: 7001: 6999: 6996: 6994: 6991: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6981: 6979: 6976: 6974: 6971: 6969: 6966: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6946: 6944: 6941: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6929: 6926: 6924: 6921: 6919: 6918: 6914: 6912: 6909: 6907: 6906:Anthrozoology 6904: 6902: 6899: 6897: 6894: 6892: 6889: 6887: 6884: 6882: 6879: 6877: 6876:Animal ethics 6874: 6872: 6869: 6867: 6864: 6862: 6859: 6857: 6854: 6853: 6851: 6847: 6841: 6838: 6836: 6833: 6831: 6828: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6818: 6816: 6813: 6811: 6808: 6806: 6803: 6801: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6777: 6775: 6771: 6767: 6760: 6756: 6752: 6751:Animal rights 6745: 6740: 6738: 6733: 6731: 6726: 6725: 6722: 6711: 6710: 6701: 6699: 6698: 6689: 6687: 6686: 6681: 6677: 6675: 6674: 6665: 6662: 6655: 6652: 6650: 6647: 6645: 6642: 6640: 6637: 6633: 6629: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6612:Meat industry 6610: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6598: 6597:Biotechnology 6595: 6593: 6590: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6579: 6577: 6573: 6567: 6564: 6560: 6557: 6556: 6555: 6552: 6550: 6547: 6545: 6542: 6540: 6537: 6535: 6532: 6531: 6529: 6527: 6524:Environmental 6521: 6515: 6512: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6504:Sheep farming 6502: 6500: 6497: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6482: 6478: 6475: 6474: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6463: 6460: 6456: 6453: 6452: 6451: 6448: 6446: 6443: 6441: 6438: 6434: 6431: 6429: 6426: 6425: 6424: 6421: 6419: 6416: 6414: 6411: 6409: 6408:Dairy farming 6406: 6404: 6401: 6399: 6396: 6394: 6391: 6390: 6388: 6386: 6385:Farming Types 6382: 6375: 6372: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6360: 6357: 6356: 6354: 6350: 6347: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6337: 6336: 6334: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6319:Ancient Egypt 6317: 6316: 6314: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6296: 6294: 6292: 6290: 6286: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6270: 6268: 6265: 6263: 6260: 6256: 6253: 6251: 6248: 6247: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6233: 6231: 6230:Paludiculture 6228: 6226: 6223: 6221: 6218: 6214: 6211: 6209: 6206: 6204: 6201: 6200: 6199: 6196: 6194: 6191: 6189: 6186: 6184: 6181: 6179: 6176: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6151: 6149: 6146: 6144: 6141: 6139: 6136: 6132: 6131:Biotechnology 6129: 6127: 6124: 6123: 6122: 6119: 6117: 6114: 6112: 6109: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6097: 6094: 6093: 6089: 6087: 6083: 6072: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6051:Agriculturist 6049: 6048: 6046: 6042: 6036: 6033: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6023: 6022: 6019: 6015: 6008: 6003: 6001: 5996: 5994: 5989: 5988: 5985: 5973: 5972:Zoomusicology 5970: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5959: 5957: 5953: 5945: 5942: 5940: 5937: 5935: 5932: 5931: 5929: 5925: 5922: 5920: 5917: 5916: 5914: 5910: 5907: 5905: 5902: 5900: 5897: 5895: 5892: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5859:Thomas Bewick 5857: 5854: 5853: 5848: 5845: 5844: 5843:Illustrators 5842: 5841: 5839: 5835: 5827: 5824: 5823: 5822: 5819: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5804: 5803: 5801: 5797: 5789: 5788:Chicken dance 5786: 5784: 5781: 5780: 5778: 5774: 5773:Feather cloak 5771: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5760: 5758: 5756: 5753: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5743:Chicken films 5741: 5739: 5736: 5734: 5733: 5729: 5727: 5726: 5722: 5720: 5719: 5715: 5714: 5712: 5708: 5707: 5703: 5701: 5700: 5696: 5694: 5693: 5689: 5688: 5686: 5682: 5681: 5677: 5675: 5672: 5670: 5669: 5665: 5663: 5662: 5658: 5657: 5655: 5651: 5650: 5646: 5644: 5641: 5639: 5636: 5634: 5633: 5629: 5628: 5626: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5593: 5592: 5589: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5576: 5574: 5573: 5571: 5567: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5532: 5530: 5528: 5524: 5519: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5501:Plume hunting 5499: 5497: 5494: 5492: 5489: 5488: 5486: 5482: 5479: 5477: 5474: 5472: 5469: 5468: 5466: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5453: 5451: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5441:Pigeon racing 5439: 5437: 5434: 5432: 5429: 5428: 5426: 5424: 5421: 5419: 5416: 5412: 5409: 5407: 5404: 5403: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5393: 5391: 5387: 5383: 5379: 5372: 5367: 5365: 5360: 5358: 5353: 5352: 5349: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5292: 5289: 5287: 5284: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5261:Chick culling 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5233: 5231: 5229: 5225: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5211: 5209: 5206: 5204: 5201: 5200: 5198: 5196: 5192: 5186: 5185:Pigeon breeds 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5175:Turkey breeds 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5162: 5160: 5158: 5154: 5148: 5145: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5104: 5102: 5098: 5094: 5087: 5082: 5080: 5075: 5073: 5068: 5067: 5064: 5052: 5051:Toxoplasmosis 5049: 5047: 5044: 5042: 5039: 5037: 5034: 5032: 5029: 5027: 5024: 5022: 5019: 5017: 5014: 5012: 5009: 5007: 5004: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4981: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4904:Aspergillosis 4902: 4901: 4899: 4897: 4893: 4887: 4884: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4867: 4864: 4862: 4859: 4858: 4856: 4854: 4850: 4844: 4841: 4839: 4836: 4834: 4831: 4829: 4828:Chick culling 4826: 4824: 4821: 4819: 4816: 4814: 4811: 4809: 4808:Beak trimming 4806: 4804: 4801: 4799: 4796: 4794: 4791: 4789: 4786: 4784: 4781: 4779: 4776: 4774: 4771: 4770: 4768: 4766: 4762: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4747: 4745: 4743: 4739: 4733: 4730: 4728: 4725: 4723: 4720: 4718: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4706: 4703: 4702: 4701: 4698: 4697: 4695: 4693: 4689: 4685: 4678: 4673: 4671: 4666: 4664: 4659: 4658: 4655: 4648: 4643: 4639: 4638: 4623: 4617: 4602: 4598: 4592: 4577: 4573: 4567: 4552: 4548: 4542: 4526: 4520: 4505: 4504:Oxfam America 4501: 4495: 4484: 4477: 4471: 4456: 4452: 4446: 4439: 4433: 4418: 4416: 4411: 4405: 4389: 4388: 4382: 4376: 4369:. April 2016. 4368: 4361: 4355: 4347: 4340: 4333: 4325: 4324:Extension UGA 4318: 4311: 4303: 4296: 4290: 4282: 4281:UGA Extension 4275: 4268: 4253: 4249: 4245: 4241: 4234: 4226: 4220: 4216: 4215: 4207: 4191: 4187: 4183: 4176: 4168: 4162: 4158: 4157: 4152: 4145: 4129: 4123: 4121: 4112: 4108: 4103: 4098: 4094: 4090: 4086: 4082: 4078: 4074: 4070: 4069: 4064: 4057: 4041: 4035: 4020: 4019:Research Gate 4016: 4009: 3994: 3988: 3969: 3962: 3956: 3938: 3932: 3930: 3921: 3917: 3912: 3907: 3903: 3899: 3895: 3888: 3880: 3876: 3871: 3866: 3862: 3858: 3854: 3847: 3831: 3827: 3821: 3805: 3801: 3795: 3789: 3784: 3768: 3762: 3754: 3750: 3745: 3740: 3736: 3732: 3728: 3721: 3714: 3708: 3701: 3695: 3688: 3684: 3681: 3675: 3659: 3655: 3651: 3645: 3630: 3626: 3619: 3611: 3605: 3601: 3597: 3596:Singer, Peter 3591: 3589: 3580: 3574: 3570: 3566: 3565: 3560: 3554: 3546: 3542: 3537: 3532: 3528: 3524: 3520: 3513: 3505: 3501: 3497: 3493: 3489: 3485: 3478: 3471: 3465: 3457: 3453: 3449: 3445: 3441: 3437: 3433: 3429: 3422: 3413: 3406: 3402: 3396: 3388: 3384: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3368: 3361: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3341: 3337: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3318: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3283: 3275: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3256: 3248: 3244: 3240: 3236: 3229: 3220: 3218: 3209: 3208:New Scientist 3205: 3198: 3183: 3182: 3177: 3170: 3154: 3150: 3144: 3128: 3124: 3118: 3102: 3095: 3087: 3083: 3079: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3060: 3044: 3040: 3034: 3018: 3012: 3010: 2993: 2987: 2985: 2983: 2981: 2979: 2962: 2956: 2948: 2941: 2933: 2929: 2924: 2919: 2915: 2911: 2907: 2900: 2882: 2876: 2868: 2862: 2858: 2851: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2821: 2814: 2810: 2807: 2802: 2796: 2792: 2786: 2779: 2773: 2758: 2757:eggfarmers.ca 2754: 2747: 2732: 2728: 2721: 2706: 2700: 2698: 2682: 2676: 2674: 2665: 2658: 2652: 2650: 2641: 2637: 2632: 2627: 2622: 2617: 2613: 2609: 2605: 2598: 2591: 2587: 2584: 2578: 2570: 2564: 2556: 2552: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2528: 2521: 2519: 2517: 2500: 2496: 2490: 2488: 2486: 2484: 2468: 2464: 2458: 2450: 2446: 2441: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2417: 2409: 2405: 2400: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2376: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2346: 2331: 2325: 2309: 2303: 2287: 2283: 2277: 2275: 2256: 2250: 2241: 2225: 2218: 2210: 2198: 2182: 2181: 2174: 2167: 2162: 2155: 2151: 2145: 2138: 2127:. Ciwf.org.uk 2126: 2120: 2113: 2102:. Ciwf.org.uk 2101: 2095: 2079: 2075: 2069: 2061: 2054: 2050: 2043: 2038: 2035: 2033: 2030: 2028: 2025: 2023: 2020: 2018: 2015: 2013: 2010: 2009: 2005: 1994: 1987: 1983: 1980: 1976: 1966: 1964: 1960: 1959:Oxfam America 1956: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1941: 1939: 1935: 1929: 1919: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1906: 1903: 1901: 1898: 1896: 1893: 1891: 1887: 1885: 1881: 1877: 1873: 1870: 1868: 1867:Cooper's hawk 1864: 1860: 1856: 1853: 1852: 1851: 1850:birds of prey 1848: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1833: 1832: 1831: 1828: 1826: 1822: 1820: 1816: 1813: 1811: 1807: 1806: 1805: 1797: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1781: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1749: 1747: 1742: 1739: 1733: 1731: 1721: 1719: 1715: 1705: 1702: 1698: 1688: 1686: 1685: 1682: 1677: 1676: 1672: 1667: 1666: 1661: 1660: 1655: 1654: 1649: 1648: 1643: 1642: 1637: 1636: 1631: 1630: 1625: 1624: 1619: 1618: 1613: 1612: 1607: 1606: 1601: 1600: 1595: 1593: 1588: 1587: 1582: 1578: 1568: 1565: 1561: 1555: 1545: 1543: 1539: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1519: 1516: 1510: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1498: 1493: 1489: 1488: 1484:According to 1480: 1475: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1435:antimicrobial 1433: 1429: 1425: 1415: 1413: 1409: 1405: 1400: 1390: 1388: 1384: 1379: 1377: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1362: 1357: 1353: 1347: 1340:Beak trimming 1337: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1322: 1319: 1314: 1312: 1308: 1307:animal rights 1304: 1296: 1290:Battery cages 1288: 1274: 1265: 1257: 1248: 1239: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1218: 1215: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1197: 1193: 1180: 1176: 1171: 1161: 1158: 1155: 1150: 1146: 1144: 1140: 1134: 1124: 1122: 1117: 1111: 1107: 1104: 1100: 1099:battery cages 1094: 1085: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1060: 1050: 1047: 1036: 1027: 1025: 1020: 1019:beak trimming 1016: 1012: 1008: 1003: 1000: 997: 993: 988: 984: 982: 978: 974: 970: 963: 954: 946: 938: 932: 928: 924: 919: 910: 906: 904: 903:force moulted 893: 890: 886: 882: 878: 868: 866: 862: 858: 848: 845: 835: 827: 826: 825: 821: 817: 801: 797: 792: 788: 786: 782: 777: 775: 771: 767: 763: 759: 755: 751: 747: 743: 740:which raises 739: 735: 724: 719: 717: 712: 710: 705: 704: 702: 701: 698: 688: 687: 677: 674: 672: 669: 667: 666:Meat industry 664: 662: 659: 657: 654: 652: 651:Biotechnology 649: 647: 644: 642: 639: 637: 634: 633: 624: 623: 615: 612: 610: 607: 605: 602: 600: 597: 596: 589: 588: 580: 577: 575: 572: 570: 567: 565: 562: 558: 555: 553: 550: 549: 548: 545: 543: 540: 538: 535: 533: 532:Paludiculture 530: 528: 525: 523: 520: 516: 513: 511: 508: 506: 503: 502: 501: 498: 496: 493: 491: 488: 486: 483: 481: 478: 476: 473: 471: 468: 466: 463: 461: 458: 456: 453: 451: 448: 446: 443: 441: 438: 434: 433:Biotechnology 431: 429: 426: 425: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 409: 406: 404: 401: 399: 396: 395: 388: 387: 379: 376: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 360: 356: 351: 350: 342: 339: 337: 334: 332: 329: 327: 324: 322: 321: 317: 315: 314:Sharecropping 312: 310: 307: 305: 302: 300: 297: 295: 292: 290: 287: 285: 282: 278: 275: 273: 270: 268: 265: 264: 263: 260: 258: 255: 251: 248: 246: 243: 242: 241: 238: 236: 233: 231: 228: 226: 223: 221: 218: 216: 213: 209: 206: 204: 201: 199: 196: 194: 191: 190: 189: 186: 184: 181: 180: 176: 171: 170: 158: 155: 153: 150: 148: 145: 143: 140: 139: 137: 133: 130: 128: 125: 123: 120: 119: 117: 113: 110: 108: 105: 103: 102:Ancient Egypt 100: 99: 97: 93: 90: 88: 85: 83: 80: 79: 77: 76: 70: 65: 64: 60: 56: 55: 52: 49: 48: 41: 35: 30: 19: 11031:Audrey Eyton 10986:Beddow Bayly 10950:Paul Shapiro 10915:Clare Palmer 10895:Daniel Mills 10890:Jeff McMahan 10855:Celia Haddon 10845:Jane Goodall 10830:Donald Broom 10798:Contemporary 10736:Ethel Venton 10731:Sidney Trist 10701:Herbert Snow 10601:Titus Lander 10596:Albert Knapp 10586:John A. Hoyt 10556:Peter Gurney 10541:Robert Gower 10486:Maria Dickin 10476:Brian Davies 10405:Patti Strand 10380:Naomi Sagara 10305:Petra Deimer 10253:Contemporary 10232: 10225: 10218: 10211: 10204: 10199:Cruel Sports 10197: 10190: 10183: 10176: 10169: 10163:Publications 10129:Tiggywinkles 10069:MSPCA-Angell 9919:Badger Trust 9858:Pain in fish 9810:Rescue group 9683: 9634:Blood sports 9539: 9520: 9512: 9504: 9496: 9488: 9464: 9457: 9450: 9443: 9436: 9418: 9411: 9404: 9397: 9390: 9383: 9376: 9350: 9342: 9334: 9326: 9318: 9310: 9302: 9294: 9286: 9278: 9270: 9262: 9254: 9246: 9238: 9230: 9222: 9214: 9206: 9198: 9190: 9171: 9163: 9155: 9147: 9139: 9131: 9123: 9115: 9107: 9099: 9091: 9083: 9075: 9067: 9059: 9051: 9043: 9035: 9027: 9019: 9011: 9003: 8995: 8987: 8979: 8971: 8963: 8955: 8808:Oxford Group 8676:Every Animal 8569:Contemporary 8518:Andrew Tyler 8508:Nell Shipman 8448:André Géraud 8357:Jerry Vlasak 8332:Lynda Stoner 8307:Alex Pacheco 8237:Evanna Lynch 8232:Howard Lyman 8217:Wayne Hsiung 8177:Chris DeRose 8167:Rod Coronado 8100:Contemporary 8040:Thomas Tryon 7960:Mary Midgley 7955:Jean Meslier 7935:Soame Jenyns 7925:John Hildrop 7920:Arthur Helps 7885:Richard Dean 7860:Peter Buchan 7799:Gary Steiner 7794:Peter Singer 7789:Jérôme Segal 7754:David Pearce 7744:Clare Palmer 7734:David Nibert 7724:Clair Linzey 7634:Joan Dunayer 7559:Aysha Akhtar 7547:Contemporary 7416:McLibel case 7371:Animal trial 7330:Seal hunting 7292:Wild animals 7277:Fishing bait 7239:Pain in fish 7092: 7058:Fish farming 7038:Battery cage 6958:Meat paradox 6915: 6856:Abolitionism 6707: 6695: 6683: 6671: 6559:Overdrafting 6488: 6418:Goat farming 6329:Ancient Rome 6235:Permaculture 6193:Horticulture 6138:Agroforestry 6096:Agribusiness 5919:Niels Krabbe 5869:Lars Jonsson 5850: 5806:Golden eagle 5748:Horror films 5732:The Big Year 5730: 5723: 5716: 5706:The Firebird 5704: 5697: 5690: 5678: 5666: 5659: 5647: 5643:To a Skylark 5630: 5526: 5431:Cockfighting 5401:Birdwatching 5271:Chicken coop 5266:Chick sexing 5241:Battery cage 5227: 5180:Goose breeds 5137:Muscovy duck 4978: 4886:Rooster Flag 4871:Cockfighting 4823:Chick sexing 4797: 4773:Battery cage 4616: 4604:. Retrieved 4600: 4591: 4579:. Retrieved 4575: 4566: 4554:. Retrieved 4550: 4541: 4529:. Retrieved 4519: 4507:. Retrieved 4503: 4494: 4483:the original 4470: 4458:. Retrieved 4454: 4445: 4432: 4420:. Retrieved 4413: 4404: 4392:. Retrieved 4384: 4375: 4366: 4354: 4345: 4332: 4323: 4310: 4301: 4289: 4280: 4267: 4255:. Retrieved 4244:News Journal 4243: 4233: 4213: 4206: 4194:. Retrieved 4190:the original 4185: 4175: 4155: 4144: 4132:. Retrieved 4072: 4066: 4056: 4044:. Retrieved 4034: 4024:November 18, 4022:. Retrieved 4018: 4008: 3996:. Retrieved 3987: 3975:. Retrieved 3968:the original 3955: 3943:. Retrieved 3901: 3897: 3887: 3860: 3856: 3846: 3834:. Retrieved 3829: 3820: 3808:. Retrieved 3804:the original 3794: 3783: 3771:. Retrieved 3761: 3734: 3730: 3720: 3707: 3694: 3674: 3662:. Retrieved 3658:the original 3653: 3644: 3632:. 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