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only making arrests, the
Japanese also tortured and mass murdered thousands of residents of Pontianak and its surroundings. On 28 June 1944, the Japanese killed Sultan Syarif Muhammad along with several family members and relatives of the sultanate, traditional leaders, scholars, and community leaders of Pontianak. Two of his sons were also beheaded by the Japanese. The same fate also befell other kings and sultans and communities in West Kalimantan. This bloody tragedy became known as the
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637:, as official clothing. He was also the one who supported the advancement of education and health. In addition, he also encouraged the entry of European and Chinese private capital, and supported the Malays and Chinese to develop rubber, coconut and copra plantations and the coconut oil industry in Pontianak. In the political aspect, the Sultan facilitated the establishment and development of political organisations, both by sultanate relatives and community leaders.
625:(1895-1944) who was crowned Sultan of Pontianak on 6 August 1895. During this period, the Pontianak Sultanate's co-operative relationship with the Dutch became closer and stronger. The reign of Sultan Syarif Muhammad was the longest reign in the history of Pontianak Sultanate. He was very instrumental in encouraging renewal and modernisation in Pontianak. In the social and cultural fields, he was the first Malay sultan in West Kalimantan to dress in European
376:
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27:
603:(1819-1855) ascended the throne as Sultan of Pontianak. During the reign of Sultan Syarif Usman, many beneficial policies were issued by him, including by continuing the construction project of the Jami' Mosque in 1821 and the expansion of Kadriyah Palace in 1855. In April 1855, Sultan Syarif Usman gave up his position as sultan and later died in 1860.
557:. Palm was later replaced by Wolter Markus Stuart who acted as Resident van Borneo's Wester Afdeling I (1779-1784) with a seat in Pontianak. Initially, Sultan Syarif Abdurrahman Alkadrie refused the offer of co-operation with foreigners. But after the envoy came for the second time, Syarif accepted the Dutch as a commonwealth partner with open arms.
746:) in West Kalimantan, including the Pontianak Sultanate. At that time, Sultan Hamid II was appointed as the Head of the Special Region of West Kalimantan. Prior to 5 April 1950, the Special Region of West Kalimantan joined the Republic of Indonesia (RIS). The area then became part of the Administrative
677:
The
Japanese had actually suspected that in West Kalimantan there were plots consisting of scholars, nobles, kings, sultans, community leaders, Chinese people, and officials. So they took the initiative to crush them with arrests. These arrests took place between September 1943 and early 1944. Not
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as the 8th Sultan of
Pontianak. Long before that, on 29 January 2001 a senior noble, Syarifah Khadijah Alkadrie bint Sultan Syarif Muhammad Alkadrie bin Sultan Syarif Yusuf Alkadrie, inaugurated the Kadriyah Palace Young Relatives of the Pontianak Sultanate. This kinship aims to maintain all
689:
The body of Sultan Syarif
Muhammad was only found in 1946 by his son named Syarif Hamid Alkadrie. Syarif Hamid survived the genocide because he was not in Pontianak. At that time he had been a Japanese prisoner of war in Batavia since 1942 and was released in 1945.
741:
On 28 October 1946, the Civil
Government of the Dutch East Indies as the Council of West Borneo formed the Special Region of West Kalimantan and was granted the status of Special Region on 12 May 1947. The Special Region of West Kalimantan included the monarchies
420:, in the area of the mouth of the triple junction of the small Kapuas River and the porcupine river which included a small area area ceded by the Sultan of Banten to the Dutch VOC. He had two political marriages in Kalimantan, the first to the princess of the
560:
On 5 July 1779, the Dutch made an agreement with the Sultan regarding the inhabitants of Tanah Seribu so that it could be used as an area of Dutch activities which later became the seat of government of the
Regional Head of the West Borneo Prefecture
614:(1872-1895) ascended the throne after a few months of his father's death. Sultan Syarif Yusuf is known as the only sultan who interfered the least in government affairs. He was more active in the religious field, as well as concurrently spreading
494:, on Wednesday, 23 October 1771 (14 Rajab 1185 H) which was marked by clearing the forest at the junction of the Landak River, Kapuas Kecil River, and Kapuas Besar River to build a hall and house as a residence. He had two political marriages in
592:(1808-1819) ascended the throne to become Sultan of Pontianak in place of his father. Under the reign of Sultan Syarif Kasim, the Pontianak Sultanate further strengthened its cooperation with the Dutch Kingdom and later the neighboring
721:
After the
Proclamation of Indonesian Independence in 1945, at the initiative of Sultan Hamid II, the Pontianak Sultanate and the Malay sultanates in West Kalimantan joined the Republic of Indonesia. He supported the federal state of
761:
After Sultan Hamid II died on 30 March 1978, there was a vacancy in the position of sultan in the
Paontianak Sultanate family. The vacancy lasted for 25 years. However, on 15 January 2004, the Kadriyah Palace nobles appointed
3947:
718:, who was interned by the occupying Japanese forces, returned to Pontianak and was crowned Sultan of Pontianak (1945-1978) on 29 October 1945 with the title Sultan Syarif Hamid II, or better known as Sultan Hamid II.
726:. During this time Sultan Hamid II served as President of the State of West Kalimantan (Head of the Special Region of West Kalimantan) from 1947-1950. Sultan Hamid II designed the national emblem of indonesia,
750:. After the dissolution of the Republic of Indonesia on 17 August 1950, the Pontianak Sultanate area became part of West Kalimantan Province. He was deposed when he was involved in a coup d'état attempt of
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In 1778 (1192 AH), Syarif
Abdurrahman was confirmed as the Sultan of Pontianak. The location of the centre of government is marked by the establishment of the
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610:(1855-1872), was then crowned Sultan of Pontianak on 12 April 1855. And when Sultan Syarif Hamid died in 1872, his eldest son,
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682:. The murder of Sultan Syarif Muhammad and the arbitrary actions of the Japanese were one of the main factors in the
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509:(also named Sultan Syarif Abdurrahman Mosque) and Kadariyah Palace which is now located in Dalam Bugis Village,
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Henri
Chambert-Loir (June 1994). "Some aspects of Islamic justice in the Sultanate of Pontianak c. 1880".
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In 1808, Sultan Syarif Abdurrahman died. He was buried in Batu Layang, Pontianak. Subsequently,
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to Pontianak in 1942. On 24 January 1944, considered rebellious and allied with the Dutch, the
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2621:(in Dutch) (3 ed.). Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. p. 118.
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from the late 18th century until its disestablishment in 1950. It was founded in 1771 by
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Pontianak Malay cultural traditions and values, including reviving and preserving them.
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destroyed the Pontianak Sultanate and several Malay sultanates in West Kalimantan.
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498:, first with the daughter of Panembahan Mempawah and then with the daughter of the
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Beschryving van het eiland Borneo, voor zoo verre het zelve, tot nu toe, bekend is
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Beschryving van het eiland Borneo, voor zoo verre het zelve, tot nu toe, bekend is
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Sultan Sharif Yusuf's reign ended on 15 March 1895. He was succeeded by his son,
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The era of Sultan Syarif Muhammad's reign faded quickly with the arrival of the
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2641:(in Dutch). Bataviaasch Genootschap der Kunsten en Wetenschappen. p. 115.
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Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap der Kunsten en Wetenschappen
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2669:"Aku Menulis Maka Aku Ada - Menengok Sisa Kejayaan Keraton Kadriah"
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Sultan Syarif Abdurrahman Ibni Alhabib Husein bin Ahmad Alkadrie
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The Pontianak Sultanate was founded in 1771 by explorers from
424:, Utin Chandramidi, and the second in 1768 to Ratu Syahranum (
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2657:(in Dutch). Vol. 2. Egbert Heemen. 1780. p. 115.
2740:"Setelah Seperempat Abad, Pontianak Memiliki Sultan Baru"
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state that existed on the western coast of the island of
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The Pontianak Sultanate had friendly relations with the
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Asistent Resident het Hoofd der Affleeling van Pontianak
565:) and the Assistant Resident Head of Pontianak Regency (
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Historia - Majalah Sejarah Populer Pertama di Indonesia
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Sultan Syarif Muhammad Alkadrie and guests (circa 1930)
2688:"Sultan Hamid II dan Polemik Gelar Pahlawan Nasional"
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Tijdschrift voor Indische taal-, land- en volkenkunde
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2717:. Cornell paperbacks. Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Pr.
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in the Cabinet of the United Republic of Indonesia.
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After Sultan Syarif Kasim died on 25 February 1819,
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51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
571:Controleur het Hoofd Onderafdeeling van Pontianak
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2812:"Di Balik Istana-Istana yang Dihidupkan Kembali"
2574:(in Indonesian). PT Mizan Publika. p. 205.
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2783:"Syarif Mahmud Alkadrie Jadi Sultan Pontianak"
439:The sultanate was located at the mouth of the
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436:), earning him the title Pangeran Nur Alam.
2764:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
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2557:(in Dutch). Vol. 3. 1855. p. 569.
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111:Learn how and when to remove this message
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575:Hoofd Plaatselijk Bestuur van Pontianak
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702:Sultan Hamid II in conversation with
2870:"The first two Sultans of Pontianak"
2633:Radermacher, Jacob Cornelis Matthieu
2613:Radermacher, Jacob Cornelis Matthieu
2567:
49:adding citations to reliable sources
20:
4396:1950 disestablishments in Indonesia
2601:(in Indonesian). Baru. p. 294.
13:
2840:
606:Sultan Syarif Usman's eldest son,
524:
492:Ali al-Uraidhi ibn Ja'far al-Sadiq
292:• Integration with Indonesia
14:
4452:
577:. After the explorers arrived in
545:In 1778, Dutch colonialists from
2738:Liputan6.com (18 January 2004).
1005:
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434:Sultan Saat/Sulaiman Saidullah I
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25:
4416:Precolonial states of Indonesia
2731:
2713:Kahin, George McTurnan (1970).
36:needs additional citations for
4356:genealogical numbering systems
2818:(in Indonesian). 1 August 2019
2789:(in Indonesian). 17 April 2017
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2605:
1021:
1:
2868:Mary Somers Heidhues (1998).
2849:Indonesia and the Malay World
2539:
136:Kesultanan Kadriyah Pontianak
3577:Royal and noble family trees
2568:Gara, Putra (January 2011).
771:List of sultans of Pontianak
732:national emblem of Indonesia
541:, including Pontianak, 1941.
416:, allegedly a descendant of
394:Pontianak Kadriyah Sultanate
127:Pontianak Kadriyah Sultanate
7:
4421:Islamic states in Indonesia
876:Syarif Abdurrahman Alkadrie
817:Syarif Abdurrahman Alkadrie
533:Zelfbestuur territories in
463:
10:
4457:
4406:Former countries in Borneo
2923:Former states in Indonesia
651:
569:). This area later became
458:
4338:
4303:
4255:
4222:
4179:
4138:
3973:
3907:
3837:
3789:
3761:
3715:
3610:
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3519:
3430:
3387:
3349:
3301:
3233:
3148:
3097:
3088:
3028:
2937:
2928:
2861:10.1080/03062849408729814
2388:
2386:
2193:
2191:
2039:
2037:
2035:
1989:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1786:
1784:
1593:
1591:
1400:
1398:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1192:
1188:
1182:
994:Syarif Abubakar Alkadrie
959:Syarif Muhammad Alkadrie
858:
846:
838:
830:
822:
812:
807:
803:
799:
785:
777:
549:entered Pontianak led by
401:
314:
310:
300:
290:
280:
270:
266:
258:
254:
244:
240:
232:
219:
209:
199:
189:
177:
147:
142:
130:
125:
16:Former state in Indonesia
3802:Spring and Autumn period
1012:Syarif Machmud Alkadrie
978:Syarif Hamid II Alkadrie
928:Syarif Hamid I Alkadrie
764:Syarif Abubakar Alkadrie
730:, and adopted it as the
704:Ida Anak Agung Gde Agung
623:Syarif Muhammad Alkadrie
583:Dutch East India Company
507:Jami Mosque of Pontianak
432:(daughter or brother of
2673:ahmadiftahsidik.page.tl
826:Syarif Machmud Alkadrie
511:East Pontianak District
490:and descendant of Imam
250:Syarif Machmud Alkadrie
4441:Green and yellow flags
4197:Ancient Roman emperors
2886:10.3406/arch.1998.3491
2595:J. U. Lontaan (1985).
941:Syarif Yusuf Alkadrie
910:Syarif Osman Alkadrie
748:Province of Kalimantan
711:
668:Imperial Japanese army
663:
542:
302:• Disestablished
2598:Menjelajah Kalimantan
2571:Kesatria khatulistiwa
891:Syarif Kasim Alkadrie
716:Syarif Hamid Alkadrie
701:
661:
612:Syarif Yusuf Alkadrie
608:Syarif Hamid Alkadrie
601:Syarif Usman Alkadrie
590:Syarif Kasim Alkadrie
532:
480:Abdurrahman al-Kadrie
443:in what is today the
402:کسلطانن قدرية ڤنتيانق
200:Common languages
131:کسلطانن قدريه ڤنتيانق
60:"Pontianak Sultanate"
4363:Quarters of nobility
3914:Pharaonic dynasties
3707:United Arab Emirates
3351:Lesser Sunda Islands
714:The last sultan was
246:• 2017–present
45:improve this article
4295:Pontefract de Lacys
3948:21st, 22nd and 23rd
2485:Sultan of Pontianak
2290:Sultan of Pontianak
2090:Sultan of Pontianak
1883:Sultan of Pontianak
1690:Sultan of Pontianak
1497:Sultan of Pontianak
1312:Sultan of Pontianak
1293:Sultan of Pontianak
1086:Sultan of Pontianak
654:Pontianak incidents
648:Japanese Occupation
343:Tanjungpura Kingdom
272:• Established
4214:Byzantine emperors
4192:Cornelii Scipiones
981:(Sultan Hamid II)
813:First monarch
793:Royal Coat of arms
756:Raymond Westerling
736:Zonder Porto Folio
712:
664:
543:
539:Central Kalimantan
282:• Coronation
4431:Former sultanates
4383:
4382:
4334:
4333:
3903:
3902:
3895:Singapura-Melakan
3542:
3541:
3229:
3228:
3084:
3083:
2724:978-0-8014-9108-5
2537:
2536:
2533:
2532:
1029:Alkadrie Dynasty
1019:
1018:
854:
853:
823:Last monarch
390:
389:
386:
385:
382:
381:
362:
361:
227:Absolute Monarchy
183:Dutch East Indies
121:
120:
113:
95:
4448:
4187:Caecilii Metelli
4136:
4135:
3829:Kong (Confucius)
3769:Anatolian Seljuk
3713:
3712:
3571:
3564:
3557:
3548:
3547:
3492:
3475:
3458:
3379:Solor Watan Lema
3263:Lanfang Republic
3095:
3094:
2935:
2934:
2917:
2910:
2903:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2864:
2835:melayuonline.com
2828:
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1034:
1026:
1025:
1009:
974:
956:
925:
907:
856:
855:
790:
781:
775:
774:
728:Garuda Pancasila
642:Lanfang Republic
551:Willem Ardinpalm
500:sultan of Banjar
488:Mempawah Kingdom
486:cleric from the
430:Banjar Sultanate
426:Ratoe Sarib Anom
422:Mempawah Kingdom
404: ) was a
403:
378:
377:
366:
365:
357:Mempawah Kingdom
353:
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286:1 September 1778
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96:
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53:
29:
21:
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4447:
4446:
4445:
4411:West Kalimantan
4386:
4385:
4384:
4379:
4368:seize quartiers
4330:
4299:
4251:
4218:
4175:
4134:
4095:Petrović-Njegoš
3969:
3899:
3865:Negeri Sembilan
3833:
3785:
3757:
3711:
3606:
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3575:
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3515:
3486:
3469:
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3383:
3345:
3297:
3225:
3144:
3080:
3066:Sumedang Larang
3024:
2924:
2921:
2855:(63): 129–143.
2843:
2841:Further reading
2831:
2821:
2819:
2816:Indonesia.co.id
2810:
2809:
2802:
2792:
2790:
2781:
2780:
2773:
2757:
2756:
2749:
2747:
2746:(in Indonesian)
2736:
2732:
2725:
2711:
2707:
2697:
2695:
2694:(in Indonesian)
2684:
2680:
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2666:
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2626:
2610:
2606:
2593:
2589:
2582:
2566:
2562:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2489:r. 2017-present
2487:
2483:
2482:
2296:
2292:
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1885:
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1024:
980:
842:Kadriyah Palace
834:23 October 1771
795:
779:
773:
696:
680:Mandor Incident
656:
650:
629:in addition to
527:
525:Colonial Period
519:West Kalimantan
466:
461:
449:West Kalimantan
418:Sayidina Husain
375:
350:
336:
303:
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276:23 October 1771
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4209:
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4202:Julio-Claudian
4194:
4189:
4183:
4181:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4156:United Georgia
4153:
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3809:
3807:Warring States
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3211:Samudera Pasai
3208:
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3117:
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3107:
3101:
3099:
3098:Hindu/Buddhist
3092:
3086:
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3053:
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2938:Hindu/Buddhist
2932:
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2912:
2905:
2897:
2891:
2890:
2865:
2842:
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2800:
2787:Tribunnews.com
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769:
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684:Dayak Desa War
652:Main article:
649:
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631:Malay clothing
526:
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515:Pontianak City
484:Hadramaut Arab
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388:
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296:17 August 1950
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4375:Royal descent
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4271:Great Britain
4269:
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4101:
4098:
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4083:Orange-Nassau
4081:
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4079:
4076:
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3696:
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3688:
3686:
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3678:
3676:
3675:Mughal-Mongol
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3644:
3643:Mahidharapura
3641:
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3008:
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2640:
2639:
2634:
2628:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2608:
2600:
2599:
2591:
2583:
2581:9786028579728
2577:
2573:
2572:
2564:
2556:
2555:
2548:
2544:
2530:
2490:
2486:
2481:
2433:
2431:
2339:
2337:
2295:
2291:
2286:
2238:
2236:
2144:
2142:
2103:Syarif Mahmud
2095:
2091:
2086:
2085:
2044:
2041:
2033:
2032:
1987:
1979:
1938:
1936:
1888:
1884:
1879:
1839:
1837:
1745:
1743:
1695:
1691:
1686:
1646:
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1190:
1186:
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1180:
1178:
1139:
1137:
1091:
1087:
1082:
1081:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1015:2017–present
1014:
1011:
1008:
1004:
1001:
1000:
996:
993:
991:
988:
987:
983:
979:
976:
973:
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927:
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861:
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841:
837:
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829:
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802:
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789:
784:
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749:
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739:
737:
733:
729:
725:
719:
717:
709:
705:
700:
691:
687:
685:
681:
675:
673:
669:
660:
655:
645:
643:
638:
636:
635:Teluk Belanga
632:
628:
624:
619:
617:
613:
609:
604:
602:
597:
595:
591:
586:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
558:
556:
552:
548:
540:
536:
531:
522:
520:
516:
512:
508:
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
482:, a son of a
481:
478:
475:
471:
456:
454:
450:
446:
442:
437:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
399:
395:
373:
371:
368:
367:
364:
358:
355:
348:
347:
344:
341:
334:
333:
330:
329:
326:
323:
321:
318:
317:
313:
309:
305:
299:
295:
289:
285:
279:
275:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
243:
239:
235:
231:
228:
225:
222:
218:
215:
212:
208:
205:
202:
198:
195:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
166:
154:
146:
141:
137:
124:
115:
112:
104:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69:
65:
62: –
61:
57:
56:Find sources:
50:
46:
40:
39:
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
4436:Family trees
4151:Tao-Klarjeti
3965:Muhammad Ali
3638:Khmer Varman
3544:
3479:South Maluku
3277:
3020:Tarumanagara
2877:
2873:
2852:
2848:
2820:. Retrieved
2815:
2791:. Retrieved
2786:
2750:29 September
2748:. Retrieved
2744:liputan6.com
2743:
2733:
2714:
2708:
2696:. Retrieved
2691:
2681:
2672:
2663:
2653:
2647:
2637:
2627:
2617:
2607:
2597:
2590:
2570:
2563:
2553:
2547:
2488:
2484:
2479:
2294:r. 2004-2017
2293:
2289:
2284:
2094:r. 1945-1978
2093:
2089:
2082:
1887:r. 1895-1944
1886:
1882:
1877:
1694:r. 1872-1895
1693:
1689:
1684:
1501:r. 1855-1872
1500:
1496:
1491:
1316:r. 1808-1819
1315:
1311:
1304:
1297:r. 1819-1855
1296:
1292:
1287:
1093:1729/30-1808
1090:r. 1771-1808
1089:
1085:
1078:
792:
760:
743:
740:
735:
727:
720:
713:
710:(circa 1949)
688:
676:
665:
639:
634:
620:
605:
598:
596:since 1811.
587:
574:
570:
566:
562:
559:
555:Verkendepaal
554:
544:
504:
467:
447:province of
441:Kapuas River
438:
393:
391:
325:Succeeded by
324:
319:
181:Part of the
170:Coat of arms
135:
107:
101:October 2016
98:
88:
81:
74:
67:
55:
43:Please help
38:verification
35:
18:
4346:Family tree
4311:Trpimirović
4078:Netherlands
3487: [
3470: [
3467:Negeri Soya
3453: [
3293:Tanjungpura
3273:Negara Daha
3268:Negara Dipa
3206:Riau-Lingga
3105:Dharmasraya
2880:: 273–294.
2698:19 February
1080:Abdurrahman
1022:Family Tree
997:2004–2017
320:Preceded by
214:Sunni Islam
185:(from 1779)
4390:Categories
4351:Ahnentafel
4276:simplified
4130:Von Graben
4021:simplified
3890:Terengganu
3779:simplified
3723:Achaemenid
3484:Tanah Hitu
3389:West Timor
3235:Kalimantan
3201:Pagaruyung
3076:Yogyakarta
3051:Kalinyamat
3005:Singhasari
3000:Shailendra
2945:Blambangan
2540:References
984:1945–1978
962:1895–1944
944:1872–1895
931:1855–1872
913:1819–1855
895:1808–1819
880:1771–1808
850:Hereditary
778:Sultan of
706:, King of
496:Kalimantan
470:Hadhramaut
445:Indonesian
220:Government
71:newspapers
4316:Frankopan
4262:Monarchs
4006:De Graeff
4001:Branković
3981:Bagratuni
3680:Sri Lanka
3665:Jerusalem
3369:Larantuka
3278:Pontianak
3196:Palembang
3140:Srivijaya
3130:Samaskuta
3071:Surakarta
3010:Srivijaya
2980:Majapahit
2965:Kahuripan
2297:1944-2017
2097:1913-1978
847:Appointer
839:Residence
831:Formation
780:Pontianak
585:in 1779.
579:Pontianak
474:al-Sayyid
453:Pontianak
428:) of the
370:Indonesia
210:Religion
194:Pontianak
143:1771–1950
4339:See also
4283:Scotland
4230:Monarchs
4105:Portugal
4073:Nemanjić
4048:Habsburg
4043:Flanders
3885:Selangor
3860:Kelantan
3845:Monarchs
3838:Malaysia
3738:Bavandid
3733:Sasanian
3728:Arsacids
3685:Thailand
3650:Fujiwara
3633:Cambodia
3602:Thomsons
3583:Americas
3534:Salawati
3407:Amanuban
3402:Amanatun
3303:Sulawesi
3253:Bulungan
3135:Sanfotsi
2970:Kalingga
2960:Janggala
2874:Archipel
2760:cite web
2635:(1780).
2615:(1826).
2285:Abubakar
2084:Hamid II
1878:Muhammad
744:swapraja
672:Japanese
464:Founding
4326:Zrinski
4304:Croatia
4266:England
4256:Britain
4245:Navarre
4240:Castile
4207:Severan
4171:Imereti
4166:Kakheti
4139:Georgia
4053:Hungary
4033:Germany
4026:Bourbon
4011:Denmark
3996:Bohemia
3991:Belgium
3797:Ancient
3774:Ottoman
3753:Pahlavi
3743:Safavid
3702:Vietnam
3690:Timurid
3655:Göktürk
3529:Kaimana
3506:Jailolo
3496:Ternate
3450:Huamual
3445:Honimoa
3412:Amarasi
3336:Banggai
3288:Sarawak
3216:Serdang
3191:Malacca
3186:Langkat
3149:Islamic
3110:Kantoli
3090:Sumatra
3056:Mataram
3041:Cirebon
3029:Islamic
2995:Sanjaya
2985:Mataram
2822:22 June
2793:22 June
2480:Machmud
1492:Hamid I
862:Sultan
808:Details
754:led by
708:Gianyar
627:regalia
594:British
547:Batavia
472:led by
459:History
259:History
224:Islamic
190:Capital
133:
85:scholar
4235:Aragon
4161:Kartli
4146:Iberia
4125:Sweden
4120:Sicily
4115:Serbia
4110:Russia
4100:Poland
4090:Norway
4068:Naples
4063:Monaco
4058:Medici
4038:Greece
4016:France
3986:Balšić
3974:Europe
3880:Perlis
3870:Pahang
3819:Middle
3762:Turkey
3628:Busaid
3618:Brunei
3590:Mexico
3501:Tidore
3462:Loloda
3432:Maluku
3422:Wehali
3417:Sonbai
3374:Mengwi
3283:Sambas
3248:Brunei
3243:Banjar
3166:Asahan
3125:Pannai
3115:Malayu
3061:Pajang
3036:Banten
2990:Rajasa
2975:Kediri
2955:Ishana
2721:
2578:
865:Reign
859:Photo
477:Syarif
410:Borneo
262:
236:
233:Sultan
178:Status
87:
80:
73:
66:
58:
4321:Šubić
4288:Wales
4223:Spain
4180:Roman
3908:Egypt
3875:Perak
3855:Kedah
3850:Johor
3814:Early
3790:China
3748:Qajar
3695:Lanna
3670:Korea
3660:Japan
3623:Burma
3595:Aztec
3521:Papua
3511:Bacan
3491:]
3474:]
3457:]
3397:Amabi
3321:Buton
3258:Kutai
3181:Johor
3176:Jambi
3120:Mauli
3046:Demak
3015:Sunda
2950:Galuh
1685:Yusuf
1306:Kasim
1288:Osman
616:Islam
406:Malay
204:Malay
92:JSTOR
78:books
3958:26th
3953:25th
3943:19th
3938:18th
3933:12th
3928:11th
3824:Late
3716:Iran
3611:Asia
3364:Bima
3359:Bali
3341:Suai
3331:Wajo
3326:Luwu
3316:Bone
3311:Gowa
3221:Siak
3171:Deli
3156:Aceh
2930:Java
2824:2021
2795:2021
2766:link
2752:2023
2719:ISBN
2700:2022
2576:ISBN
752:APRA
537:and
535:West
398:Jawi
392:The
306:1950
158:Flag
64:news
3923:4th
3918:1st
3440:Iha
3161:Aru
2882:doi
2857:doi
724:RIS
573:or
47:by
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3489:id
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