Pontianak - Knowledge

1241: 1154: 1390: 1009: 123: 192: 3396: 2769:. Teochew is mostly spoken in the central and southern parts of the city, as well as suburbs south of the city. Hakka is spoken in the northern part of the city, as well as in suburbs north of the city. There are more Teochew speakers than Hakka speakers in Pontianak. These varieties of Chinese has been influenced by other languages such as Malay, Indonesian, and other languages. They have incorporated words from Indonesian and other languages. Therefore, native speakers from China may find it difficult to communicate using Teochew and Hakka with the people from Pontianak. Other Chinese variants such as the 2830: 3325: 212: 1249: 4207: 2675:. The Teochew people are from the northeastern coast of Guangdong and Hakka people from the interior of Fujian come to West Kalimantan. The Hakka people are pioneer groups living in villages and mining areas, working as miners, farmers, and also small traders. This is in contrast to the Teochew people who prefer to live in urban areas for trade. Even now the Teochew people form the largest ethnic Chinese population in the city of Pontianak and south of Pontianak. The Hakka people mostly live in the northern area of Pontianak. 1212:: 蘭芳共和國), led by Luo Fangbo to oppose the Dutch attempt to colonize West Kalimantan, including Pontianak. The settlers subsequently elected Luo as their inaugural president. Luo implemented many democratic principles, including the idea that all matters of state must involve the consultation of the republic's citizenry. He also created a comprehensive set of executive, legislative, and judicial agencies. The Republic did not have a standing military, but had a defense ministry that administered a national militia based on 252: 2812:, which is considered the great mosque of Pontianak. Located in the complex of the palace of the former Pontianak Sultanate, this mosque is the oldest mosque and is one of the two buildings that witnessed the establishment of the city of Pontianak. At first, this mosque was also used as a center of government for the Sultanate of Pontianak. The name of this mosque was given by Syarif Usman Alkadri who is the son of Sultan Sharif Abdurrahman, who continued the construction of the mosque until it was completed. 2043: 3484: 1233: 2376: 145: 2842: 359: 2035: 155: 3093: 3021: 2854: 2642: 4666: 3376: 1410: 1172:. Verth wrote that Syarif Abdurrahman, son of Sharif Hussein bin Ahmed cleric Alqadrie (or in another version called Al Habib Husin), left the Kingdom of Mempawah and began to wander. In the region of Banjarmasin, he married the sister of the sultan of Banjar, Sunan Nata Nature and was sworn in as prince. He was successful in commerce and accumulated enough capital to arm ships and boats and then started to take the fight against Dutch colonialism. 327: 3412: 4369: 2656:. The Chinese have lived in Pontianak for centuries. Most of the Chinese were passing through west Borneo from the third century for a last rest on their sailing journeys before returning to China. Beginning in the 7th century many Chinese had started to trade in western Borneo. Apart from the Chinese traders, in the 17th century Dutch colonization brought in mass Chinese for mining gold. Most of these Chinese miners originated from the 2455: 2875: 2402: 1478: 1088: 3262: 3428: 1316:, Lanfang finally surrendered to the Dutch in 1884 and was dissolved. Wary of Qing intervention, the Dutch did not openly annex the Lanfang Republic, and created another puppet regime. It was not until 1912, when the Qing Dynasty collapsed, that the Dutch proclaimed their occupation. Pontianak was then designated as the Residentie Westerafdeeling van Borneo, one of the different residencies of the Dutch East Indies. 3464: 3444: 1539: 2936: 547: 1261:

West) and Assistant Resident het Hoofd der Affleeling van Pontianak (Resident assistant Chief of Pontianak regency). This area then became Controleur Onderafdeeling van het Hoofd Hoofd Pontianak or Plaatselijk Bestuur van Pontianak. Assistant Resident het Hoofd van der Afdeeling Pontianak (Pontianak Regent sort of) set Plaatselijk Fonds. The agency manages government wealth and took care of tax funds.

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Kalimantan. Moreover, the airport also has international flights to some cities in Malaysia, such as Kuala Lumpur and Kuching. The airport is expected to be expanded again in the future to cater to the increasing number of passengers travelling to and from Pontianak. Currently, the only ways to get to the airport are by taxi, private cars, or using

122: 1031:); it was a ghosts' haunt until Syarif Abdurrahman Alkadrie and his army fought and expelled the ghosts who attacked them by firing cannons. He then built a mosque and a palace, exactly on the location of the ghosts' haunt, and settled there. The mosque and palace became the first buildings in the city, and to this day locals fire 1614:(Af) with no distinct seasons at all and with heavy to very heavy rainfall year-round. The city experiences a large amount of rainfall throughout the year, averaging 2,896 mm (114.0 in) of precipitation annually. Only in the month of July and August does the average monthly precipitation fall below 150 mm ( 2960:

trading purposes with foreign/regional parties. Based on the percentage of GDP, aggregate demand in Pontianak City in 2015 as a whole experienced a growth of 4.84 percent compared to the previous year, whereas the household consumer component contributed as much as 10.61 trillion rupiah or by 51 percent.

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The Port of Pontianak, located on the banks of the Kapuas River, is the economic pulse of the city and connects an area of 146.8 thousand km2 in West Kalimantan Province. The size of this area is comparable to the island of Java plus the island of Madura combined. Main cities and towns served include

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After construction of a new modern terminal to replace the old and overutilised terminal, the airport currently has a capacity of 3.8 million passengers annually, double the previous terminal's capacity. The airport serves direct domestic flights to other major cities in Indonesia, mostly in Java and

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The equatorial line passing Pontianak is marked by a monument north of the city center. Between 19–21 March and 21–23 September (the equinoxes), solar culmination can be observed near the monument, where the setting of the sun will be exactly at 0° at noon (12:00), causing shadows at the monument and

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This can be seen from the percentage distribution of GDP, where the large and retail trade sector has the greatest role in total GDP compared to other sectors, which is 18.30 percent. In terms of usage, the value of GDP shows how products of goods and services are used for consumption, investment, or

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The gross regional domestic product of Pontianak City, according to the ADHK 2010 business field in 2015, reached 20.80 trillion rupiah. When compared to 2014, the production volume of goods and services produced in Pontianak City in 2015 increased by 0.96 trillion rupiah, or by 4.84 percent. Most of

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The resulting output value of large industrial enterprises or medium amounted to 1.51 trillion rupiah, where large industrial enterprises or are located in the District of North Pontianak dominated by rubber industry companies. The smallest output value derived from companies located in the District

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After the Japanese surrendered, the Dutch returned to Pontianak. Due to international opposition to Dutch attempts to reinstate control over Indonesia in the United Nations, the Dutch were forced to recognise Sukarno's Republic as the de facto government of Java and Sumatra and to grant independence

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With the help of Sultan Sand, Syarif Abdurrahman then successfully hijacked Dutch ship near Bangka, also British and French ships in the port of Pasir. Abdurrahman became a rich man and then tried to establish a settlement on an island in the Kapuas River. He found branching Landak River and then to

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For small industrial centers, the industry results for agriculture and forestry (IHPK) shows that the snack food industry, centered in Sungai Kuhl, is the largest local small industry, employing as many as 329 people. Investment value reached 249.50 million and the sales amounted to 780.50 million.

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The majority of the population are Muslims (63.4%); the rest are Buddhists (23.2%), Catholics (9.1%), Protestants (3.2%), Confucians (1.3%), Hindus (0.1%), and others (0.1%). Most of the Muslims are Malay, Javanese, Madurese, etc. While most of the people who adhere to Buddhism and Confucianism are

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Researchers conducted research on population data in the city of Pontianak during the years from 2010 onwards, collected by the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) Pontianak by accessing the data online. According to the data obtained, the population growth rate in Pontianak City in 1990–2000 is 0.7

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School Participation Rate (APS) in Pontianak for 7–12 years age group during the last three years has been around 100 percent. In the 13-15-year age group, school participation in this age group has fluctuated considerably in recent years. However, school participation of children aged 13–15 years

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The Pontianak Malay are one of the early inhabitants of the city. Pontianak was the seat of the Pontianak Sultanate, a great Malay kingdom for centuries. The Malay people mostly live on the bank of the Kapuas River and other rivers in Pontianak. They also live in coastal areas of the city. Most of

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The first four of the above districts lie on the south bank of the Kapuas River (listed from west to east), while the last two districts lie on the north bank (the East and North districts are separated by the Landak River, which joins with the Kapuas Kecil River at this point to create the Kapuas

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For Gross Value Added (NTB) obtained from all large and medium-sized industrial enterprises in Pontianak City during 2005, this amounted to 217.57 billion rupiah and indirect taxes obtained amounted to 462.78 million rupiah. The value added at factor fees earned amounted to 217.10 billion rupiah.

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weakened substantially and became increasingly unable to support the Lanfang Republic as its vassal state. The republic's citizenry waged a tenacious resistance, but ultimately failed due to poor weaponry. Lin Ah Sin was the last leader of Lanfang. Many of Lanfang's citizens and their descendants

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On 5 July 1779, the Dutch made an agreement with the Sultanate of Pontianak regarding the Verkendepaal so that it would serve as the area of activities of the Dutch nation which later became the seat of government of Resident het Hoofd Westeraffieling van Borneo (Regional Head residency of Borneo

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and was founded on 23 October 1771 around an old trading station on the western coast of Borneo. It was built on swampy ground and tropical forest subjected to regular flooding by the river, requiring buildings to be constructed on piles to keep them off the ground. The name Pontianak refers to a

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This port's hinterland is dominated by plantations, the forestry sector, the mining sector, and raw materials processing industry. To cater for increased economic activity in this region, Pelindo II has operated the container terminal for Pontianak's port. It has been equipped with two container

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The city is built on fall peneplain and alluvial sediments that are physically a clay type. This type of soil is in the form of peat and silt deposits of Kapuas river. Under these conditions, the soil is very unstable and has a very low carrying capacity. The soil composition along the river is

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using the Trans-Kalimantan Highway. The distance from Pontianak to Kuching in Sarawak, Malaysia is about 340 km and takes about 6 hours 30 minutes. The distance from Pontianak to Bandar Seri Begawan in Brunei is about 1,100 km and takes about 18 hours. All people travelling to either

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The number of large and medium industrial enterprises in the city of Pontianak as of 2005 was 34 companies. Labor absorbed by industrial enterprises amounted to 3,300 people, consisting of 2,700 production workers and other workers and 600 administrators. Moderate or major industrial companies

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mythology, the Pontianak is also the name of an astral creature that is said be a spirit of a woman who died while pregnant. Similar stories about the Pontianak first emerged from mythical and folkloric tales that are popular in Kalimantan (Borneo) before the city was built on a large scale of

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Pontianak consists of a kind of soil organosol, gray, humus, and alluvial with different characteristics. At some points, the thickness of the peat soils reaches up to 1–6 meters, thus causing a poor carrying capacity if it is designated to construct large buildings to make it as a farm.

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In 1942, the Japanese occupied Pontianak and expelled the Dutch. The Japanese military government decided to allow the Pontianak Sultanate to remain. However, the Japanese soon become distrusted to the Sultanate, and between 1943 and 1944, the Japanese orchestrated a mass arrest of

1216:. During peacetime, the populace mostly engaged in farming, production, trading, and mining. Lanfang's administrative divisions included three tiers (province, prefecture, and county) with the people electing leaders for all levels. Lanfang was allied with Sultan Abdurrahman of the 3028:

Based on data from the Pontianak City Education Office, in 2015 Pontianak has 111 kindergartens, 161 elementary schools, 76 junior high schools, 44 high schools, and 29 vocational high schools. The primary school education level (SD) has the highest student-teacher ratio at 22:1.

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As of 2006, cassava, rice, and yams were the most prominent crops in Pontianak. Residents also farmed vegetables and aloe vera. Jackfruit, banana, and pineapple are also grown in the city. Farms in Pontianak raise cattle (beef and dairy), goats, pigs, and chickens.

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formed from a precipitation process that produces a tropaquent area coupled with tropofluevent and under permanently saturated fluvawuent conditions. It is derived from the new sapphire sediment from various compositions and shapes, including organic matter.

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The Pontianak Crossing Port is the main passenger port. It allows ferry connection to other cities in Indonesia such as Jakarta, Surabaya, Medan, Batam, etc. The port currently does not serve international destinations such as Singapore and Malaysia.

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live in the city, with some immigrants such as Javanese, Madura people, Bataks, Ambon people, Papuans, and Manado people. This has created a culture that cannot be found in other parts of Indonesia. Various languages are spoken in Pontianak, such as

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Trade is one of the rapidly growing businesses in the city of Pontianak. Modern trade began to develop in 2001 with the founding of Mal Sun Apartments in Dubai City. Modern shopping centers began to be built in various corners of the city, such as

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Other significant ethnic groups living in Pontianak are the Dayak, Bugis, Madurese, and Javanese. Most of the Dayak living in Pontianak are the indigenous/native people of the interior part of West Kalimantan. Some of the Dayak still practice

1464:, the federal United States of Indonesia was dissolved on 17 August 1950, turning Indonesia into a unitary state dominated by the central government in Jakarta. Pontianak then became the capital city of the new province of West Kalimantan. 1452:

Following a fact-finding mission by the Government Commission, the RUSI House of Representatives voted by 50 votes to one to merge West Kalimantan into the Republic of Indonesia. Following clashes with demobilised KNIL troops in

3068:, Cap Go Meh (Lantern Festival, which falls on the fifteenth day of the first month of lunar calendar), and Cheng Meng (Tomb Sweeping Festival, on first day of the fifth solar term of the lunar calendar). The Malay celebrates 834:. It had a population of 658,685 at the 2020 Census within the city limits, with significant suburbs outside those limits. The official estimate as of mid-2023 was 675,468 (comprising 337,856 males and 337,612 females). 130:: shopping complex in Pontianak Town; the North Pontianak equatorial monument; some of the official government buildings; traditional Malay house; traditional Borneo birds sculpture; road gate of Pontianak city; and 1256:

In 1778, Dutch colonialists from Batavia entered Pontianak, led by Willem Ardinpola. The Netherlands occupied an area opposite the imperial palace now known as the Tanah Seribu or the Verkendepaal area.

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and its major tributaries – the Kapuas Kecil and Landak rivers. The city lies on flat land in the delta of the Kapuas River with a ground level elevation ranging from 0.1 to 1.9 meters above sea level.

1396: 851: 3045: 3041: 1628: in). Temperatures are consistent throughout the course of the year, with average high temperatures of 31 °C (88 °F) and average low temperatures of 23 °C (73 °F). 810:, hence it is widely known as Kota Khatulistiwa (Equatorial City). The city center is less than 3 kilometres (2 mi) south of the equator. Pontianak is the 23rd most populous city in 2058:), listed below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census and the 2020 Census, together with the official estimates as at mid 2023. The table also includes the number of 1389: 2801:, many Chinese also adhere to Christianity. The Dayak people adhere to either Catholicism or Protestantism, while also incorporating local beliefs. Some of the Dayak also adheres to 2805:, a local folk religion. However, the Indonesian government does not recognize Kaharingan as a religion and therefore classifies those who adhere to Kaharingan beliefs as Hindus. 2383:

The 2010 census enumerated Pontianak's population at 554,764, while the 2020 Census resulted in a population of 658,685; the latest official estimate (as at mid 2023) is 675,468.

3694: 1240: 3339:. The highway allows Pontianak to be connected to other major cities in Kalimantan such as Palangka Raya, Banjarmasin, and Samarinda. Moreover, it is possible to travel to 3049: 2981:

The water taro weaving industry has 16 business units with an investment of 17.5 million and sales of 110 million rupiah, mostly located in Tanjung Hulu, Pontianak East.

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for Pontianak City (BPS Kota Pontianak) does not show ethnic composition in its population data. The BPS data below was reported by news sites in 2019, and again 2022:

4632: 4284: 3126: 3963: 3080:. The Dayak People celebrates the harvest season, locally known as Gawai Dayak. These events are usually marked with extravagant cultural parades around the city. 2734:. The main differences between Pontianak Malay and Indonesian is that they use "Kamek" instead of "Kami" and "Kitak" instead of "Kalian", which is more similar to 1268:. However, the Dutch decided to expand its territory in Borneo, This was resisted by the officials of Lanfang. In the mid-to-late 19th century, the Chinese 3053: 422: 3813: 1364:

in Kalimantan, including all of the Malay Sultans, accused them of plotting to overthrow Japanese rule, and then massacred them. This is known as the

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which is 17 km away from the city center. Currently it is the second-largest airport in Kalimantan in terms of terminal size, after

4662: 4640: 1426: 1422: 1299: 1204:) enjoyed some political autonomy. As the Dutch were expanding its power on Borneo, in 1777, the Chinese declared the formation of the 3064:

The cultural diversity in Pontianak presents various events throughout the year. The Tionghua/Indonesian Chinese community celebrates

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Besar River). The built-up or urbanized area continues southeastwards along the south bank of the Kapuas River into the town of

1293: 211: 5763: 5759: 5528: 3678: 1598:(WIB) zone. As such, in 1988 the city of Pontianak celebrated the New Year twice: at 00:00 on GMT+8 and then 00:00 on GMT+7. 1449:. Hamid's role in the coup led to increased agitation in West Kalimantan for its integration into the Republic of Indonesia. 1176:

develop the area into a prosperous trading center. This is the region that is now called Pontianak. He then established the

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There are colleges and universities operated by both state authorities, as well as private and religious institutions. The

2816: 1425:(RUSI) on 27 December 1949. Pontianak became the capital of the State of West Kalimantan, one of the federal states of the 3348:

Malaysia or Brunei must pass through the Entikong border checkpoint, the main Indonesian border checkpoint in Kalimantan.

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Pontianak currently does not have a toll road. However, there is a proposal to build a highway connecting Pontianak with

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cranes and various modern equipment that can provide optimal support for loading and unloading activities in the region.

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Pontianak is well-connected by road, air, and sea. There are multiple city and intercity public transportation options.

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There are two port areas under the auspices of PT. Pelindo II (Persero), namely the Port of Sintete and Ketapang Port.

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The city was founded as a small Malay fishing village at the mouth of the Kapuas River. It then became the seat of the

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enacted by the Dutch and continued during the New Order. Conflicts often erupted between the Madurese and the Dayak.

2441: 2020: 1525: 1135: 1008: 2904: 2823:. Some of these have existed since the Dutch colonial era, while some are constructed by the Indonesian government. 1507: 1117: 5200: 2820: 251: 4206: 2956:. The trade, hotel, and restaurant sectors have been the largest economic base in Pontianak City in recent years. 1611: 3167:

Yammie (stirred noodles with a variety of egg noodle, slim noodle, rice noodle "kwetiau"), mini-dumpling "Kiaw".

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influences. Diversity makes Pontianak food a culinary paradise. The food is well known for the following:

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is the official language of Pontianak as well as other parts of Indonesia. The native language and main

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Due to being outnumbered and also with the lack of effective weaponry by the more superior and equipped

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Compared to other Indonesian cities, Pontianak is one of the few cities with a significant number of

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at a height ranging from 0.1 to 1.5 meters above sea level. It is divided into three parts by the

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Pontianak, Sintete, Sambas, Sintang, Sanggau, Kapuas, Hulu, Telok Air, Ketapang, and Singkawang.

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dish made from a thin chai kue skin with the filling of the chai kue can be yam, taro, or chives.

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and Mall Pontianak. Various national retail companies are starting to do business in Pontianak.

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located in the District of North Pontianak have the largest labor force of around 2,952 people.

2819:, Pura Giripati Mulawarman, Vihara Budhisatva Karaniya Metta, and the Pontianak Congregation of 5728: 5487: 5452: 4293: 3581: 3037: 2692: 2059: 2051: 1282: 1252:

Tropenmuseum's Coat of Arms of Pontianak designed as the request from Sultan Hamid of Pontianak

1177: 871: 372: 351: 319: 1438: 5828: 5146: 3761:"Role Of Culture And Acculturation On Information Sharing In Aspect Of Behavioral Accounting" 3324: 3129:, mackerel fish cakes wrapped in banana leaves and grilled, can be enjoyed with peanut sauce. 2679: 1074:

natural habitat. This was an active ancient civilization in the late 17th century.

1070: 961: 882: 806:, at a point where it is joined by its major tributary, the Landak River. The city is on the 5771: 5497: 5345: 5195: 4458: 4151: 4125: 4067: 2750: 2467: 2172: 1022: 914: 339: 5421: 5158: 4083: 3838: 1161:

The history of the city of Pontianak written by a Dutch historian, V.J. Verth in his book

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by land using the Trans Kalimantan Highway. Several bus routes operate from Pontianak to

901: 846: 838: 85: 1375:, a Dutch military court in Pontianak on 18 October 1947 convicted the Japanese Admiral 5808: 5547: 5467: 4585: 4552: 4141: 4009: 2995: 2798: 1591: 1434: 1372: 1365: 1357: 1353: 932:. Well paved roads of the Trans Kalimantan Road connect Pontianak to all Cities in the 875: 867: 3555: 1248: 705: 5707: 5533: 5477: 5235: 5205: 5091: 4161: 3674: 3277: 2945: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2364: 1181: 997: 920:

Pontianak is connected by air to other cities of Indonesia as well as some cities in

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is the main airport for Pontianak and West Kalimantan, built by the Japanese during

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percent per year, while for the period 2000-2010 increased to 1.8 percent per year.

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and the Dutch Government. During the colonial era, Pontianak was the seat of the

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On 1 January 1988 by Presidential Decree No. 41, West Kalimantan (together with

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Capped sago trunks are plumbed downstream on the river at Pontianak, circa 1948.

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the Pontianak Malay work as traders, government officials, and in other jobs.

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In 2009, the government website of Pontianak City posted this ethnicity data:

1232: 5802: 5659: 5654: 5310: 5287: 5282: 5266: 5230: 5225: 5210: 5050: 4993: 4982: 4937: 4537: 4509: 4448: 4433: 4358: 4348: 3644: 3492: 3483: 3400: 3340: 3105: 2758: 2735: 2707: 2375: 1899: 1059: 1032: 977: 953: 772: 764: 639: 302: 289: 111: 2034: 5644: 5447: 5261: 5256: 5240: 5215: 5044: 4855: 4328: 3814:"Kota Pontianak: Dari Kerajaan Pontianak hingga Pusat Perdagangan dan Jasa" 3273: 3120: 3109: 2762: 2727: 2672: 2591: 2511: 1563: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1213: 937: 925: 893: 803: 695: 625: 5623: 3092: 892:

Pontianak is a multicultural city, as different ethnic groups such as the

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Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Islam, Movement, and the Longue Durée

3293: 3162: 3020: 2949: 2645: 1594:) moved back 1 hour from the Central Indonesian Time (WITA) zone, to the 1361: 1269: 1221: 941: 831: 799: 736: 74: 5115: 2641: 1184:, was closely connected to the rulers of Pontianak at around this time. 5389: 5355: 5039: 5023: 5016: 4965: 4923: 4837: 4428: 4420: 4410: 4313: 4228: 3416: 3352: 3285: 3173: 3069: 2802: 2426: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1380: 1187:

The sultanate imported Chinese laborers in the 18th century to work in

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Pontianak is also known for its culinary attractions, with its mix of

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Intermarriage between different ethnic groups is common in Pontianak.

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port, oldest port in Pontianak, lies along the banks of Kapuas river.

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with himself as the first sultan. The influential Arab-Malay writer,

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originating from Guangdong. It is mostly mutually intelligible with

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According to him, the Dutch started to go to Pontianak in 1773 from

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Sultan Syarif Muhammad Alkadrie of Pontianak and Family, circa 1920

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and some varieties of Malays, Dayaks, Javanese, Bataks, and Bugis.

681: 3792:"Jumlah Prosentase Berdasarkan Keberagaman Suku di Kota Pontianak" 3261: 1583:

In 1963 by Presidential Decree No. 243, the city entered into the

5442: 5364: 5325: 5086: 5029: 4955: 4949: 4896: 4704: 4685: 4621: 4499: 4390: 4385: 4305: 3937:"Tol Pontianak-Singkawang akan Perkuat Akses ke Pelabuhan Kijing" 3695:"World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020" 3420: 3411: 3384: 3380: 3329: 2766: 2688: 2069: 1559: 1446: 1442: 1274: 1169: 1036: 985: 969: 827: 814:(as at 2023), and the fourth most populous city on the island of 807: 702: 2935: 2808:

Several places of worship are located in Pontianak, such as the

2363:, which comprises the urbanised part of Sungai Raya District of 1538: 841:

for several centuries. Pontianak was then incorporated into the

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Front Street and the Chinese quarter in Pontianak, Borneo, 1934

1337: 1200: 1195: 1051: 981: 815: 795: 507: 101: 1021:

story about ghosts that people in West Kalimantan refer to as

751: 5005: 4960: 4776: 4764: 4717: 4711: 4333: 3994: 3476: 3463: 3456: 3443: 3190: 3132: 2953: 1550: 1220:. Lanfang was also declared a tributary state of the Chinese 972:, etc., as well as other provinces. As Pontianak lies on the 881:

After the Japanese surrendered, Pontianak became part of the

727: 710: 563: 3606: 3604: 3602: 3537: 3535: 3533: 3531: 3328:

A front view of S.J.S Bus, connecting Pontianak to Kuching,

2667:

The two largest sub-groups of the Pontianak Chinese are the

4930: 4611: 4519: 4377: 4113: 3714: 3712: 3432: 2723: 2379:

The Malay peoples in Pontianak, wearing traditional costume

1188: 885:

and was designated as the capital city of the province of

3599: 3528: 2714:, a distinct variety of Malay that is closely related to 1192: 686: 672: 3709: 1157:

Boats along the quay of a canal in Pontianak, circa 1920

3355:, and to the Entikong border checkpoint near Malaysia. 2835:

Mujahidin Grand Mosque, the largest mosque in Pontianak

3369:

Pontianak has sister relationships with these cities:

5770:

in 1975, Curaçao and Dependencies was renamed to the

3123:, rice mixed with a variety of other dishes to order. 1016:

The city was formerly the capital of the independent

630: 4292: 3622:

Matahari Tegak Dua Kali Setahun di Kota Khatulistiwa

3181:(bubur pesawat, rice porridge with many side dishes) 2678:

The second largest ethnic group in Pontianak is the

2788:, and different dialects of Dayak are also spoken. 1264:The Dutch first recognized the independence of the 794:, founded first as a trading port on the island of 651: 3541:Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, 3084:everything nearby to disappear for a few seconds. 2745:The other prevailing language in Pontianak is the 4254: 3365:List of twin towns and sister cities in Indonesia 3212:He Mue (rice and a choice from a variety of fish) 956:. other towns also connected in the Province of 5800: 2993:In the surrounding areas of Pontianak, the herb 3033:continues to increase to close to 100 percent. 16:City and capital of West Kalimantan, Indonesia 5131: 4648: 4278: 4099: 4017: 3935:Kencana, Maulandy Rizky Bayu (9 March 2020). 3911:"Choipan, A Famous Savory Snack In Pontianak" 798:, occupying an area of 118.21 km in the 790:is the capital of the Indonesian province of 598: 4671:Indonesian cities with a 200,000+ population 3827: 2973:Pontianak City, worth 2.85 billion Rupiahs. 2753:exists in Pontianak, the most notable being 2068: 2050:Pontianak City comprises six administrative 3789: 3666: 2903:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 2046:The West Kalimantan Council (DPRD) building 2029: 1506:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 1116:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 5589: 5138: 5124: 4655: 4641: 4285: 4271: 4106: 4092: 4031: 4024: 4010: 3765:Jurnal Akuntansi, Manaje Me N Dan e Konomi 3758: 3159:(mung bean dessert with crispy rice crisp) 1423:Republic of the United States of Indonesia 1300:Expedition against the Chinese in Montrado 5774:, which was eventually dissolved in 2010. 5145: 4241:List of regencies and cities of Indonesia 2923:Learn how and when to remove this message 2442:Learn how and when to remove this message 1526:Learn how and when to remove this message 1136:Learn how and when to remove this message 3811: 3727: 3556:"Data Kota Pontianak 2018 (Metode Baru)" 3323: 3260: 3091: 3019: 2934: 2640: 2453: 2374: 2041: 2033: 1549: 1537: 1408: 1247: 1239: 1231: 1152: 1007: 3961: 3934: 3730:"VALUES IN PONTIANAK MALAY COMMUNITIES" 3687: 3510:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Pontianak 2466:Currently (as of 2023), the website of 2066:) in each district, and its post code. 1039:and other holidays in memory of this. 864:Japanese occupied the Dutch East Indies 5801: 3790:Rivaldi Ade, Musliadi (27 June 2019). 1294:Expedition to the West Coast of Borneo 445:118.21 km (45.64 sq mi) 5622: 5574: 5420: 5157: 5119: 4636: 4266: 4253: 4087: 4005: 3915:VOI - Waktunya Merevolusi Pemberitaan 3610:Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. 852:Residentie Westerafdeeling van Borneo 3812:Purwanto, Antonius (14 March 2022). 3718:Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. 3640: 3638: 3636: 3582:"Daftar 10 Kota Besar di Kalimantan" 3579: 3282:Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Airport 3096:Various type of foods from Pontianak 2901:adding citations to reliable sources 2868: 2424:adding citations to reliable sources 2395: 1504:adding citations to reliable sources 1471: 1148: 1114:adding citations to reliable sources 1081: 5814:Populated places in West Kalimantan 5762:of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; 3886:"Solar phenomenon casts no shadows" 3697:. World Meteorological Organization 2944:Pontianak city's economy relies on 1281:. The three campaigns waged by the 866:, Pontianak became the site of the 13: 5819:Port cities and towns in Indonesia 5422:Colonies and trading posts of the 5159:Colonies and trading posts of the 3265:Inside of Supadio Airport terminal 1457:and the attempted secession of an 1314:Royal Netherlands East Indies Army 1306:Chinese uprising in Mandor, Borneo 14: 5840: 3986: 3660: 3648:; Situs Pemerintah Kota Pontianak 3646:Sejarah Berdirinya Kota Pontianak 3633: 3242: 2773:and Hokkien have fewer speakers. 2021:World Meteorological Organization 258: 218: 5824:Provincial capitals in Indonesia 5107:are the Capital city of Province 4664: 4367: 4205: 3624:; Situs Berita Nasional Malaysia 3482: 3462: 3442: 3426: 3410: 3394: 3374: 3358: 2873: 2852: 2840: 2828: 2821:West Kalimantan Christian Church 2815:Other places of worship are the 2400: 1476: 1388: 1289:, called the Kongsi Wars, were: 1227: 1198:. A number of mining companies ( 1086: 928:and Kuching. Connected with the 855:, one of the residencies of the 546: 545: 357: 325: 257: 250: 217: 210: 190: 153: 143: 121: 5483:Sint Eustatius and Dependencies 3962:Rayanti, Dina (23 March 2016). 3955: 3928: 3903: 3878: 3853: 3805: 3783: 3759:PRIMAYUDIA, DODDY (June 2019). 3752: 3728:Desiyani, Eni (30 March 2018). 3721: 3543:Kota Pontianak Dalam Angka 2024 3135:, bun with variety of fillings. 2411:needs additional citations for 2370: 1404: 845:after an agreement between the 752: 728: 711: 687: 673: 652: 3613: 3573: 3548: 2984: 2391: 976:, it is possible to travel to 830:; it is now slightly ahead of 631: 599: 479: • City of Pontianak 442: • City of Pontianak 1: 4255:Articles Related to Pontianak 3521: 3517:re: the massacre at Pontianak 3270:Supadio International Airport 3257:Supadio International Airport 1637:Supadio International Airport 1612:Köppen climate classification 1027:(a ferocious female ghost in 930:Supadio International Airport 35:City in Kalimantan, Indonesia 3052:, STMIK, STAIN, POLNEP, and 3015: 2776:Other languages such as the 2347: 2310: 2280: 2250: 2220: 2190: 2158: 1635:Climate data for Pontianak ( 1578: 1467: 1383:and sentenced him to death. 1003: 490:5,700/km (15,000/sq mi) 19:Not to be confused with the 7: 3498: 3102:Tionghua/Indonesian Chinese 2963: 2791: 2698: 2556:Ethnic groups in Pontianak 2476:Ethnic groups in Pontianak 2342: 2337: 2332: 2327: 2307: 2304: 2301: 2298: 2277: 2274: 2271: 2268: 2247: 2244: 2241: 2238: 2217: 2214: 2211: 2208: 2187: 2184: 2181: 2178: 2155: 2152: 2149: 2146: 1972:Average precipitation days 1828:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1688:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 1608:tropical rainforest climate 390:Granted municipality status 68:Other transcription(s) 10: 5845: 5626:Kingdom of the Netherlands 4595:Former provincial capitals 3734:Journal of Islamic Studies 3667:Tagliacozzo, Eric (2009). 3580:Omed, Kata (25 May 2020). 3545:(Katalog-BPS 1102001.6171) 3362: 3254: 3232:Hekeng (prawn spring roll) 3087: 3059: 3050:University of Panca Bhakti 3046:University of Widya Dharma 3038:University of Tanjung Pura 2864: 2761:. Teochew is a variant of 2742:as their second language. 2018: 1634: 1601: 1462:Republic of South Moluccas 1427:United States of Indonesia 1077: 913:and different dialects of 28:Pontianak (disambiguation) 25: 18: 5753: 5737: 5716: 5700: 5684: 5668: 5637: 5633: 5618: 5585: 5570: 5542: 5506: 5435: 5431: 5416: 5354: 5301: 5275: 5249: 5188: 5172: 5168: 5153: 5100: 4974: 4875: 4785: 4726: 4677: 4594: 4551: 4528: 4485: 4457: 4419: 4376: 4365: 4304: 4260: 4237: 4214: 4203: 4132: 4122: 4043: 3156: 2817:Cathedral of Saint Joseph 2555: 2475: 1971: 1897: 1827: 1757: 1687: 1682: 1679: 1676: 1673: 1670: 1667: 1664: 1661: 1658: 1655: 1652: 1649: 1646: 1643: 781: 771: 763: 742: 735: 718: 701: 694: 680: 666: 659: 645: 638: 624: 617: 612: 608: 592: 587: 583: 578: 558: 538: 528: 518: 501: 494: 486: 478: 473: 465: 457: 449: 441: 436: 428: 418: 410: 405: 397: 389: 381: 370: 350: 338: 318: 283: 204: 189: 178: 167: 139: 120: 109: 83: 72: 67: 56: 47: 40: 5724:Curaçao and Dependencies 5458:Curaçao and Dependencies 5436:Colonies in the Americas 5424:Dutch West India Company 5161:Dutch East India Company 4114:Regencies and cities of 3337:Trans Kalimantan Highway 3141:Choi pan or chai kue, a 3002: 2810:Jami Mosque of Pontianak 2030:Administrative divisions 1062:, Pontianak is known as 974:Trans Kalimantan Highway 469:0.8 m (2.6 ft) 461:1.5 m (4.9 ft) 5507:Trading posts in Africa 5241:Northeast coast of Java 3319: 3127:Otak Otak Ikan Tenggiri 3042:Muhammadiyah University 2060:administrative villages 1596:Western Indonesian Time 1585:Central Indonesian Time 1163:Borneos Afdeling Wester 878:(Holocaust of Mandor). 429: • Vice Mayor 128:Clockwise from top left 3335:Pontianak lies on the 3332: 3299: 3266: 3250: 3097: 3025: 2940: 2859:Kwan Im Chinese temple 2693:Transmigration program 2649: 2463: 2462:festival in Pontianak. 2458:The Chinese celebrate 2380: 2073: 2062:(all classed as urban 2047: 2039: 1639:) (1991–2020 normals) 1558:Pontianak lies on the 1555: 1547: 1417: 1283:Dutch East Indies Army 1253: 1245: 1237: 1178:Sultanate of Pontianak 1158: 1018:Sultanate of Pontianak 1013: 1012:Pontianak, around 1920 872:Imperial Japanese Navy 458:Highest elevation 373:Sultanate of Pontianak 241:Show map of Kalimantan 5760:constituent countries 5293:West coast of Sumatra 5147:Dutch colonial empire 3653:31 March 2009 at the 3405:São Tomé and Príncipe 3327: 3264: 3095: 3023: 2939:Pontianak Town center 2938: 2847:Santo Yosef cathedral 2648:Festival in Pontianak 2644: 2457: 2378: 2176:(Southeast Pontianak) 2072: 2045: 2037: 1606:Pontianak features a 1587:(WITA) zone (GMT+8). 1553: 1541: 1412: 1251: 1243: 1235: 1156: 1011: 883:Republic of Indonesia 466:Lowest elevation 303:0.02056°S 109.34139°E 274:Show map of Indonesia 271:Pontianak (Indonesia) 5772:Netherlands Antilles 4068:South East Pontianak 3187:Nasi ayam "koi peng" 2897:improve this section 2751:varieties of Chinese 2468:Statistics Indonesia 2420:improve this article 1500:improve this section 1439:anti-Republican coup 1285:against the Chinese 1110:improve this section 900:, Bugis people, and 874:, especially in the 530:Vehicle registration 487: • Density 453:1 m (3 ft) 382:Settled by the Dutch 26:For other uses, see 5578:Noordsche Compagnie 5576:Settlements of the 5554:Society of Suriname 5400:Vietnam (1637–1643) 5173:Governorate General 4727:1,000,000–1,999,999 3841:on 18 December 2013 3453:Yamagata Prefecture 2654:Chinese Indonesians 2038:Pontianak City Hall 1758:Daily mean °C (°F) 1554:Pontianak Town park 1218:Pontianak Sultanate 994:Bandar Seri Begawan 847:Pontianak Sultanate 839:Pontianak Sultanate 818:(Kalimantan) after 398:Granted city status 308:-0.02056; 109.34139 299: / 5548:Society of Berbice 4678:2,000,000 and more 3333: 3267: 3098: 3054:AKBID St Benedicta 3026: 2996:Mitragyna speciosa 2941: 2799:Chinese Indonesian 2650: 2464: 2381: 2173:Pontianak Tenggara 2074: 2048: 2040: 1592:Central Kalimantan 1556: 1548: 1435:Raymond Westerling 1418: 1373:surrender of Japan 1366:Pontianak massacre 1273:made their way to 1254: 1246: 1238: 1159: 1014: 876:Massacre of Mandor 868:Pontianak massacre 419: • Mayor 184:(Pontianak Shines) 182:Pontianak Bersinar 57:City of Pontianak 5796: 5795: 5790: 5789: 5786: 5785: 5782: 5781: 5768:full independence 5708:Dutch East Indies 5614: 5613: 5610: 5609: 5566: 5565: 5562: 5561: 5412: 5411: 5408: 5407: 5113: 5112: 4630: 4629: 4247: 4246: 4081: 4080: 3680:978-9971-69-424-1 3278:Kubu Raya Regency 2933: 2932: 2925: 2730:in Indonesia and 2636: 2635: 2548: 2547: 2452: 2451: 2444: 2365:Kubu Raya Regency 2356: 2355: 2296:(North Pontianak) 2144:(South Pontianak) 2141:Pontianak Selatan 2026: 2025: 1536: 1535: 1528: 1182:Abdullah al-Misri 1149:Early development 1146: 1145: 1138: 1042:Pontianak in the 998:Brunei Darussalam 857:Dutch East Indies 843:Dutch East Indies 826:and (Malaysia's) 785: 784: 759: 758: 668:Yale Romanization 619:Standard Mandarin 574: 573: 423:Edi Rusdi Kamtono 411: • Type 173:(Equatorial City) 171:Kota Khatulistiwa 5836: 5775: 5635: 5634: 5624:Colonies of the 5620: 5619: 5587: 5586: 5572: 5571: 5552:Governed by the 5546:Governed by the 5433: 5432: 5418: 5417: 5170: 5169: 5155: 5154: 5140: 5133: 5126: 5117: 5116: 5011:Pematang Siantar 4669: 4668: 4657: 4650: 4643: 4634: 4633: 4371: 4287: 4280: 4273: 4264: 4263: 4251: 4250: 4209: 4108: 4101: 4094: 4085: 4084: 4026: 4019: 4012: 4003: 4002: 3998: 3997: 3995:Official website 3980: 3979: 3977: 3975: 3959: 3953: 3952: 3950: 3948: 3932: 3926: 3925: 3923: 3921: 3907: 3901: 3900: 3898: 3896: 3890:The Jakarta Post 3882: 3876: 3875: 3873: 3871: 3865:sp2010.bps.go.id 3857: 3851: 3850: 3848: 3846: 3837:. Archived from 3831: 3825: 3824: 3822: 3820: 3809: 3803: 3802: 3800: 3798: 3787: 3781: 3780: 3778: 3776: 3756: 3750: 3749: 3747: 3745: 3725: 3719: 3716: 3707: 3706: 3704: 3702: 3691: 3685: 3684: 3664: 3658: 3642: 3631: 3620:Amrizan Madian; 3617: 3611: 3608: 3597: 3596: 3594: 3592: 3577: 3571: 3570: 3568: 3566: 3552: 3546: 3539: 3505:Lanfang Republic 3487: 3486: 3467: 3466: 3447: 3446: 3431: 3430: 3415: 3414: 3399: 3398: 3379: 3378: 3158: 2928: 2921: 2917: 2914: 2908: 2877: 2869: 2856: 2844: 2832: 2747:Chinese language 2716:Johor-Riau Malay 2553: 2552: 2473: 2472: 2447: 2440: 2436: 2433: 2427: 2404: 2396: 2266:(Pontianak Town) 2236:(West Pontianak) 2206:(East Pontianak) 2076: 2075: 1975: 1632: 1631: 1627: 1626: 1622: 1619: 1531: 1524: 1520: 1517: 1511: 1480: 1472: 1429:. It was led by 1392: 1266:Lanfang Republic 1206:Lanfang Republic 1141: 1134: 1130: 1127: 1121: 1090: 1082: 1044:Chinese language 755: 754: 731: 730: 714: 713: 690: 689: 676: 675: 655: 654: 634: 633: 610: 609: 604: 603: 576: 575: 570: 567: 565: 553: 549: 548: 401:31 December 1965 363: 361: 360: 331: 329: 328: 314: 313: 311: 310: 309: 304: 300: 297: 296: 295: 292: 275: 261: 260: 254: 242: 221: 220: 214: 196:Location within 194: 157: 147: 125: 105: 98: 63: 38: 37: 5844: 5843: 5839: 5838: 5837: 5835: 5834: 5833: 5799: 5798: 5797: 5792: 5791: 5778: 5757: 5749: 5733: 5712: 5696: 5680: 5664: 5629: 5606: 5581: 5558: 5538: 5502: 5427: 5404: 5350: 5297: 5271: 5245: 5184: 5164: 5149: 5144: 5114: 5109: 5096: 5062:Padangsidempuan 4975:200,000–299,999 4970: 4876:300,000–499,999 4871: 4786:500,000–999,999 4781: 4760:South Tangerang 4722: 4673: 4663: 4661: 4631: 4626: 4590: 4547: 4524: 4481: 4453: 4415: 4372: 4363: 4300: 4291: 4256: 4248: 4243: 4233: 4210: 4201: 4128: 4118: 4116:West Kalimantan 4112: 4082: 4077: 4063:South Pontianak 4053:North Pontianak 4039: 4030: 3993: 3992: 3989: 3984: 3983: 3973: 3971: 3970:(in Indonesian) 3960: 3956: 3946: 3944: 3943:(in Indonesian) 3933: 3929: 3919: 3917: 3909: 3908: 3904: 3894: 3892: 3884: 3883: 3879: 3869: 3867: 3859: 3858: 3854: 3844: 3842: 3833: 3832: 3828: 3818: 3816: 3810: 3806: 3796: 3794: 3788: 3784: 3774: 3772: 3757: 3753: 3743: 3741: 3726: 3722: 3717: 3710: 3700: 3698: 3693: 3692: 3688: 3681: 3665: 3661: 3657:(in Indonesian) 3655:Wayback Machine 3643: 3634: 3618: 3614: 3609: 3600: 3590: 3588: 3578: 3574: 3564: 3562: 3554: 3553: 3549: 3540: 3529: 3524: 3515:Tadashige Daigo 3501: 3481: 3461: 3441: 3425: 3409: 3393: 3373: 3367: 3361: 3322: 3302: 3259: 3253: 3245: 3174:Ikan asam pedas 3090: 3062: 3024:STMIK Pontianak 3018: 3010:Ayani Mega Mall 3005: 2987: 2966: 2929: 2918: 2912: 2909: 2894: 2878: 2867: 2860: 2857: 2848: 2845: 2836: 2833: 2794: 2712:Pontianak Malay 2710:of the city is 2701: 2572:Chinese descent 2566:Percentage (%) 2448: 2437: 2431: 2428: 2417: 2405: 2394: 2386: 2373: 2295: 2293:Pontianak Utara 2265: 2235: 2233:Pontianak Barat 2205: 2203:Pontianak Timur 2175: 2163: 2143: 2131: 2126: 2124: 2119: 2117: 2112: 2110: 2105: 2103: 2098: 2096: 2087: 2085: 2080: 2032: 2027: 1973: 1966: 1961: 1956: 1951: 1946: 1941: 1936: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1911: 1906: 1892: 1887: 1882: 1877: 1872: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1847: 1842: 1837: 1832: 1822: 1817: 1812: 1807: 1802: 1797: 1792: 1787: 1782: 1777: 1772: 1767: 1762: 1752: 1747: 1742: 1737: 1732: 1727: 1722: 1717: 1712: 1707: 1702: 1697: 1692: 1624: 1620: 1617: 1615: 1604: 1581: 1532: 1521: 1515: 1512: 1497: 1481: 1470: 1437:to organise an 1431:Sultan Hamid II 1407: 1402: 1401: 1400: 1398: 1393: 1377:Michiaki Kamada 1230: 1151: 1142: 1131: 1125: 1122: 1107: 1091: 1080: 1058:) in the local 1006: 958:West Kalimantan 907:Pontianak Malay 887:West Kalimantan 792:West Kalimantan 562: 551: 414:City Government 377:23 October 1771 371:Founded by the 365:West Kalimantan 358: 356: 326: 324: 307: 305: 301: 298: 293: 290: 288: 286: 285: 279: 278: 277: 276: 273: 272: 269: 268: 267: 266: 262: 245: 244: 243: 240: 239: 229: 228: 227: 226: 222: 200: 198:West Kalimantan 185: 174: 168:Nickname: 163: 162: 161: 160: 151: 150: 135: 99: 94: 93: 59: 58: 52: 43: 36: 31: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5842: 5832: 5831: 5826: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5794: 5793: 5788: 5787: 5784: 5783: 5780: 5779: 5777: 5776: 5754: 5751: 5750: 5748: 5747: 5741: 5739: 5735: 5734: 5732: 5731: 5726: 5720: 5718: 5714: 5713: 5711: 5710: 5704: 5702: 5698: 5697: 5695: 5694: 5688: 5686: 5682: 5681: 5679: 5678: 5672: 5670: 5666: 5665: 5663: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5641: 5639: 5631: 5630: 5616: 5615: 5612: 5611: 5608: 5607: 5605: 5604: 5599: 5593: 5591: 5583: 5582: 5568: 5567: 5564: 5563: 5560: 5559: 5557: 5556: 5550: 5543: 5540: 5539: 5537: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5510: 5508: 5504: 5503: 5501: 5500: 5498:Virgin Islands 5495: 5490: 5485: 5480: 5475: 5473:New Netherland 5470: 5465: 5460: 5455: 5450: 5445: 5439: 5437: 5429: 5428: 5414: 5413: 5410: 5409: 5406: 5405: 5403: 5402: 5397: 5392: 5387: 5382: 5377: 5372: 5367: 5361: 5359: 5352: 5351: 5349: 5348: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5313: 5307: 5305: 5299: 5298: 5296: 5295: 5290: 5285: 5279: 5277: 5273: 5272: 5270: 5269: 5264: 5259: 5253: 5251: 5247: 5246: 5244: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5203: 5198: 5192: 5190: 5186: 5185: 5183: 5182: 5176: 5174: 5166: 5165: 5151: 5150: 5143: 5142: 5135: 5128: 5120: 5111: 5110: 5101: 5098: 5097: 5095: 5094: 5089: 5084: 5079: 5074: 5069: 5067:Pangkal Pinang 5064: 5059: 5054: 5047: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5020: 5013: 5008: 5003: 4996: 4991: 4986: 4978: 4976: 4972: 4971: 4969: 4968: 4963: 4958: 4953: 4946: 4941: 4934: 4927: 4920: 4913: 4906: 4899: 4894: 4887: 4879: 4877: 4873: 4872: 4870: 4869: 4864: 4859: 4852: 4847: 4840: 4835: 4828: 4823: 4816: 4809: 4804: 4797: 4789: 4787: 4783: 4782: 4780: 4779: 4774: 4771:Bandar Lampung 4767: 4762: 4757: 4750: 4743: 4736: 4730: 4728: 4724: 4723: 4721: 4720: 4715: 4708: 4701: 4696: 4689: 4681: 4679: 4675: 4674: 4660: 4659: 4652: 4645: 4637: 4628: 4627: 4625: 4624: 4619: 4614: 4609: 4604: 4598: 4596: 4592: 4591: 4589: 4588: 4583: 4578: 4573: 4568: 4563: 4557: 4555: 4549: 4548: 4546: 4545: 4540: 4534: 4532: 4526: 4525: 4523: 4522: 4517: 4512: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4491: 4489: 4483: 4482: 4480: 4479: 4474: 4469: 4463: 4461: 4455: 4454: 4452: 4451: 4446: 4441: 4436: 4431: 4425: 4423: 4417: 4416: 4414: 4413: 4408: 4403: 4398: 4393: 4388: 4382: 4380: 4374: 4373: 4366: 4364: 4362: 4361: 4356: 4351: 4346: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4321: 4319:Bandar Lampung 4316: 4310: 4308: 4302: 4301: 4290: 4289: 4282: 4275: 4267: 4261: 4258: 4257: 4245: 4244: 4238: 4235: 4234: 4232: 4231: 4226: 4220: 4218: 4212: 4211: 4204: 4202: 4200: 4199: 4194: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4169: 4164: 4159: 4154: 4149: 4144: 4138: 4136: 4130: 4129: 4123: 4120: 4119: 4111: 4110: 4103: 4096: 4088: 4079: 4078: 4076: 4075: 4073:West Pontianak 4070: 4065: 4060: 4058:Pontianak Kota 4055: 4050: 4048:East Pontianak 4044: 4041: 4040: 4029: 4028: 4021: 4014: 4006: 4000: 3999: 3988: 3987:External links 3985: 3982: 3981: 3954: 3927: 3902: 3877: 3852: 3826: 3804: 3782: 3751: 3720: 3708: 3686: 3679: 3659: 3632: 3612: 3598: 3572: 3547: 3526: 3525: 3523: 3520: 3519: 3518: 3512: 3507: 3500: 3497: 3496: 3495: 3489:Eugene, Oregon 3479: 3459: 3439: 3423: 3407: 3391: 3360: 3357: 3321: 3318: 3301: 3298: 3255:Main article: 3252: 3249: 3244: 3243:Transportation 3241: 3240: 3239: 3236: 3233: 3230: 3227: 3224: 3221: 3216: 3213: 3210: 3205: 3202: 3199: 3193: 3188: 3185: 3182: 3176: 3171: 3168: 3165: 3160: 3146: 3139: 3136: 3130: 3124: 3089: 3086: 3078:Maulidur Rasul 3066:Lunar New Year 3061: 3058: 3017: 3014: 3004: 3001: 2986: 2983: 2965: 2962: 2931: 2930: 2881: 2879: 2872: 2866: 2863: 2862: 2861: 2858: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2839: 2837: 2834: 2827: 2793: 2790: 2700: 2697: 2634: 2633: 2630: 2626: 2625: 2622: 2618: 2617: 2614: 2608: 2607: 2604: 2598: 2597: 2594: 2588: 2587: 2584: 2578: 2577: 2574: 2568: 2567: 2564: 2558: 2557: 2546: 2545: 2542: 2538: 2537: 2534: 2528: 2527: 2524: 2518: 2517: 2514: 2508: 2507: 2504: 2498: 2497: 2494: 2488: 2487: 2484: 2478: 2477: 2450: 2449: 2408: 2406: 2399: 2393: 2390: 2372: 2369: 2354: 2353: 2351: 2346: 2341: 2336: 2331: 2326: 2319: 2316: 2315: 2312: 2309: 2306: 2303: 2300: 2297: 2290: 2286: 2285: 2282: 2279: 2276: 2273: 2270: 2267: 2263:Pontianak Kota 2260: 2256: 2255: 2252: 2249: 2246: 2243: 2240: 2237: 2230: 2226: 2225: 2222: 2219: 2216: 2213: 2210: 2207: 2200: 2196: 2195: 2192: 2189: 2186: 2183: 2180: 2177: 2170: 2166: 2165: 2160: 2157: 2154: 2151: 2148: 2145: 2138: 2134: 2133: 2128: 2121: 2114: 2107: 2100: 2093: 2082: 2031: 2028: 2024: 2023: 2016: 2015: 2012: 2009: 2006: 2003: 2000: 1997: 1994: 1991: 1988: 1985: 1982: 1979: 1976: 1969: 1968: 1963: 1958: 1953: 1948: 1943: 1938: 1933: 1928: 1923: 1918: 1913: 1908: 1903: 1895: 1894: 1889: 1884: 1879: 1874: 1869: 1864: 1859: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1839: 1834: 1829: 1825: 1824: 1819: 1814: 1809: 1804: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1755: 1754: 1749: 1744: 1739: 1734: 1729: 1724: 1719: 1714: 1709: 1704: 1699: 1694: 1689: 1685: 1684: 1681: 1678: 1675: 1672: 1669: 1666: 1663: 1660: 1657: 1654: 1651: 1648: 1645: 1641: 1640: 1630: 1603: 1600: 1580: 1577: 1534: 1533: 1484: 1482: 1475: 1469: 1466: 1406: 1403: 1395: 1394: 1387: 1386: 1385: 1310: 1309: 1303: 1297: 1229: 1226: 1150: 1147: 1144: 1143: 1094: 1092: 1085: 1079: 1076: 1033:bamboo cannons 1005: 1002: 911:Dayak language 783: 782: 779: 778: 775: 769: 768: 761: 760: 757: 756: 749: 740: 739: 733: 732: 725: 716: 715: 708: 699: 698: 692: 691: 684: 678: 677: 670: 664: 663: 661:Yue: Cantonese 657: 656: 649: 643: 642: 636: 635: 628: 622: 621: 615: 614: 613:Transcriptions 606: 605: 596: 590: 589: 585: 584: 581: 580: 572: 571: 560: 556: 555: 543: 536: 535: 532: 526: 525: 522: 516: 515: 505: 499: 498: 496: 492: 491: 488: 484: 483: 480: 476: 475: 471: 470: 467: 463: 462: 459: 455: 454: 451: 447: 446: 443: 439: 438: 434: 433: 430: 426: 425: 420: 416: 415: 412: 408: 407: 403: 402: 399: 395: 394: 391: 387: 386: 383: 379: 378: 375: 368: 367: 354: 348: 347: 342: 336: 335: 322: 316: 315: 281: 280: 270: 264: 263: 256: 255: 249: 248: 247: 246: 230: 224: 223: 216: 215: 209: 208: 207: 206: 205: 202: 201: 195: 187: 186: 180: 176: 175: 169: 165: 164: 158: 152: 148: 142: 141: 140: 137: 136: 126: 118: 117: 114: 107: 106: 88: 81: 80: 77: 70: 69: 65: 64: 61:Kota Pontianak 54: 53: 48: 45: 44: 41: 34: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5841: 5830: 5827: 5825: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5806: 5804: 5773: 5769: 5765: 5761: 5756: 5755: 5752: 5746: 5743: 5742: 5740: 5736: 5730: 5727: 5725: 5722: 5721: 5719: 5715: 5709: 5706: 5705: 5703: 5699: 5693: 5690: 5689: 5687: 5683: 5677: 5674: 5673: 5671: 5667: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5642: 5640: 5636: 5632: 5627: 5621: 5617: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5594: 5592: 5588: 5584: 5579: 5573: 5569: 5555: 5551: 5549: 5545: 5544: 5541: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5524:Loango-Angola 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5511: 5509: 5505: 5499: 5496: 5494: 5491: 5489: 5486: 5484: 5481: 5479: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5469: 5466: 5464: 5461: 5459: 5456: 5454: 5451: 5449: 5446: 5444: 5441: 5440: 5438: 5434: 5430: 5425: 5419: 5415: 5401: 5398: 5396: 5393: 5391: 5388: 5386: 5383: 5381: 5378: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5368: 5366: 5363: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5353: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5308: 5306: 5304: 5300: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5284: 5281: 5280: 5278: 5274: 5268: 5265: 5263: 5260: 5258: 5255: 5254: 5252: 5248: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5201:Banda Islands 5199: 5197: 5194: 5193: 5191: 5187: 5181: 5178: 5177: 5175: 5171: 5167: 5162: 5156: 5152: 5148: 5141: 5136: 5134: 5129: 5127: 5122: 5121: 5118: 5108: 5106: 5099: 5093: 5090: 5088: 5085: 5083: 5080: 5078: 5075: 5073: 5070: 5068: 5065: 5063: 5060: 5058: 5055: 5053: 5052: 5051:Tanjungpinang 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5025: 5021: 5019: 5018: 5014: 5012: 5009: 5007: 5004: 5002: 5001: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4990: 4987: 4985: 4984: 4983:Palangka Raya 4980: 4979: 4977: 4973: 4967: 4964: 4962: 4959: 4957: 4954: 4952: 4951: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4939: 4935: 4933: 4932: 4928: 4926: 4925: 4921: 4919: 4918: 4914: 4912: 4911: 4907: 4905: 4904: 4900: 4898: 4895: 4893: 4892: 4888: 4886: 4885: 4881: 4880: 4878: 4874: 4868: 4865: 4863: 4860: 4858: 4857: 4853: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4845: 4841: 4839: 4836: 4834: 4833: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4822: 4821: 4817: 4815: 4814: 4810: 4808: 4805: 4803: 4802: 4798: 4796: 4795: 4791: 4790: 4788: 4784: 4778: 4775: 4773: 4772: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4755: 4751: 4749: 4748: 4744: 4742: 4741: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4731: 4729: 4725: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4713: 4709: 4707: 4706: 4702: 4700: 4697: 4695: 4694: 4690: 4688: 4687: 4683: 4682: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4667: 4658: 4653: 4651: 4646: 4644: 4639: 4638: 4635: 4623: 4620: 4618: 4615: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4605: 4603: 4600: 4599: 4597: 4593: 4587: 4584: 4582: 4579: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4562: 4559: 4558: 4556: 4554: 4550: 4544: 4541: 4539: 4536: 4535: 4533: 4531: 4527: 4521: 4518: 4516: 4513: 4511: 4508: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4493: 4492: 4490: 4488: 4484: 4478: 4475: 4473: 4470: 4468: 4465: 4464: 4462: 4460: 4456: 4450: 4449:Tanjung Selor 4447: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4434:Palangka Raya 4432: 4430: 4427: 4426: 4424: 4422: 4418: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4404: 4402: 4399: 4397: 4394: 4392: 4389: 4387: 4384: 4383: 4381: 4379: 4375: 4370: 4360: 4359:Tanjungpinang 4357: 4355: 4352: 4350: 4349:Pangkalpinang 4347: 4345: 4342: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4330: 4327: 4325: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4311: 4309: 4307: 4303: 4299: 4295: 4288: 4283: 4281: 4276: 4274: 4269: 4268: 4265: 4259: 4252: 4242: 4236: 4230: 4227: 4225: 4222: 4221: 4219: 4217: 4213: 4208: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4170: 4168: 4165: 4163: 4160: 4158: 4155: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4145: 4143: 4140: 4139: 4137: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4121: 4117: 4109: 4104: 4102: 4097: 4095: 4090: 4089: 4086: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4045: 4042: 4038: 4034: 4027: 4022: 4020: 4015: 4013: 4008: 4007: 4004: 3996: 3991: 3990: 3969: 3965: 3958: 3942: 3938: 3931: 3916: 3912: 3906: 3891: 3887: 3881: 3866: 3862: 3856: 3840: 3836: 3835:"Suku Bangsa" 3830: 3815: 3808: 3793: 3786: 3770: 3766: 3762: 3755: 3739: 3735: 3731: 3724: 3715: 3713: 3696: 3690: 3682: 3676: 3673:. NUS Press. 3672: 3671: 3663: 3656: 3652: 3649: 3647: 3641: 3639: 3637: 3629: 3628:in Indonesian 3625: 3623: 3616: 3607: 3605: 3603: 3587: 3583: 3576: 3561: 3560:ipm.bps.go.id 3557: 3551: 3544: 3538: 3536: 3534: 3532: 3527: 3516: 3513: 3511: 3508: 3506: 3503: 3502: 3494: 3493:United States 3490: 3485: 3480: 3478: 3474: 3470: 3465: 3460: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3445: 3440: 3438: 3434: 3429: 3424: 3422: 3418: 3413: 3408: 3406: 3402: 3397: 3392: 3390: 3386: 3382: 3377: 3372: 3371: 3370: 3366: 3359:Sister cities 3356: 3354: 3349: 3346: 3342: 3341:East Malaysia 3338: 3331: 3326: 3317: 3313: 3309: 3306: 3297: 3295: 3289: 3287: 3283: 3279: 3275: 3271: 3263: 3258: 3248: 3237: 3234: 3231: 3228: 3225: 3222: 3220: 3217: 3215:Lempok Durian 3214: 3211: 3209: 3206: 3203: 3201:Kwe Kia Theng 3200: 3198:or "gwek pia" 3197: 3194: 3192: 3189: 3186: 3183: 3180: 3177: 3175: 3172: 3169: 3166: 3164: 3161: 3154: 3150: 3147: 3144: 3140: 3137: 3134: 3131: 3128: 3125: 3122: 3119: 3118: 3117: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3094: 3085: 3081: 3079: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3057: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3039: 3034: 3030: 3022: 3013: 3011: 3000: 2998: 2997: 2991: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2970: 2961: 2957: 2955: 2951: 2947: 2937: 2927: 2924: 2916: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2892: 2891: 2887: 2882:This section 2880: 2876: 2871: 2870: 2855: 2850: 2843: 2838: 2831: 2826: 2825: 2824: 2822: 2818: 2813: 2811: 2806: 2804: 2800: 2789: 2787: 2783: 2779: 2774: 2772: 2768: 2764: 2760: 2756: 2752: 2748: 2743: 2741: 2737: 2736:Sarawak Malay 2733: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2708:lingua franca 2705: 2696: 2694: 2690: 2684: 2681: 2680:Malay people. 2676: 2674: 2670: 2665: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2647: 2643: 2639: 2631: 2628: 2627: 2623: 2620: 2619: 2615: 2613: 2610: 2609: 2605: 2603: 2600: 2599: 2595: 2593: 2590: 2589: 2585: 2583: 2580: 2579: 2575: 2573: 2570: 2569: 2565: 2563: 2560: 2559: 2554: 2551: 2543: 2540: 2539: 2535: 2533: 2530: 2529: 2525: 2523: 2520: 2519: 2515: 2513: 2510: 2509: 2505: 2503: 2500: 2499: 2495: 2493: 2490: 2489: 2485: 2483: 2480: 2479: 2474: 2471: 2469: 2461: 2456: 2446: 2443: 2435: 2425: 2421: 2415: 2414: 2409:This section 2407: 2403: 2398: 2397: 2389: 2384: 2377: 2368: 2366: 2362: 2352: 2350: 2345: 2340: 2335: 2330: 2325: 2324: 2320: 2318: 2317: 2313: 2294: 2291: 2288: 2287: 2283: 2264: 2261: 2258: 2257: 2253: 2234: 2231: 2228: 2227: 2223: 2204: 2201: 2198: 2197: 2193: 2174: 2171: 2168: 2167: 2161: 2142: 2139: 2136: 2135: 2129: 2122: 2115: 2108: 2101: 2094: 2091: 2083: 2078: 2077: 2071: 2067: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2044: 2036: 2022: 2017: 2013: 2010: 2007: 2004: 2001: 1998: 1995: 1992: 1989: 1986: 1983: 1980: 1977: 1970: 1964: 1959: 1954: 1949: 1944: 1939: 1934: 1929: 1924: 1919: 1914: 1909: 1904: 1901: 1900:precipitation 1896: 1890: 1885: 1880: 1875: 1870: 1865: 1860: 1855: 1850: 1845: 1840: 1835: 1830: 1826: 1820: 1815: 1810: 1805: 1800: 1795: 1790: 1785: 1780: 1775: 1770: 1765: 1760: 1756: 1750: 1745: 1740: 1735: 1730: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1710: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1690: 1686: 1642: 1638: 1633: 1629: 1613: 1609: 1599: 1597: 1593: 1588: 1586: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1565: 1561: 1552: 1545: 1540: 1530: 1527: 1519: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1495: 1494: 1490: 1485:This section 1483: 1479: 1474: 1473: 1465: 1463: 1460: 1456: 1450: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1415: 1411: 1397: 1391: 1384: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1369: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1317: 1315: 1307: 1304: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1292: 1291: 1290: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1271: 1267: 1262: 1258: 1250: 1242: 1234: 1228:Colonial rule 1225: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1202: 1197: 1194: 1190: 1185: 1183: 1179: 1173: 1171: 1166: 1164: 1155: 1140: 1137: 1129: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1105: 1104: 1100: 1095:This section 1093: 1089: 1084: 1083: 1075: 1072: 1067: 1065: 1061: 1060:Hakka Chinese 1057: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1040: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1025: 1019: 1010: 1001: 999: 995: 991: 987: 983: 979: 978:East Malaysia 975: 971: 967: 963: 959: 955: 954:Tanjung Selor 951: 947: 943: 939: 935: 931: 927: 923: 918: 916: 912: 908: 903: 899: 895: 890: 888: 884: 879: 877: 873: 869: 865: 860: 858: 854: 853: 848: 844: 840: 835: 833: 829: 825: 821: 817: 813: 809: 805: 801: 797: 793: 789: 780: 776: 774: 770: 766: 762: 750: 748: 745: 741: 738: 734: 726: 724: 721: 717: 709: 707: 704: 700: 697: 693: 685: 683: 679: 671: 669: 665: 662: 658: 650: 648: 644: 641: 637: 629: 627: 623: 620: 616: 611: 607: 602: 597: 595: 591: 586: 582: 577: 569: 564:pontianakkota 561: 557: 544: 541: 537: 533: 531: 527: 523: 521: 517: 513: 509: 506: 504: 500: 497: 493: 489: 485: 481: 477: 472: 468: 464: 460: 456: 452: 448: 444: 440: 435: 431: 427: 424: 421: 417: 413: 409: 404: 400: 396: 392: 388: 384: 380: 376: 374: 369: 366: 355: 353: 349: 346: 343: 341: 337: 334: 323: 321: 317: 312: 284:Coordinates: 282: 253: 238: 234: 213: 203: 199: 193: 188: 183: 177: 172: 166: 156: 146: 138: 133: 132:Enggang Badak 129: 124: 119: 115: 113: 110: • 108: 103: 97: 92: 89: 87: 84: • 82: 78: 76: 73: • 71: 66: 62: 55: 51: 46: 39: 33: 29: 22: 5829:Kapuas basin 5276:Commandments 5250:Directorates 5189:Governorates 5104: 5102: 5049: 5045:Lubuklinggau 5022: 5015: 4998: 4981: 4948: 4936: 4929: 4922: 4915: 4908: 4901: 4889: 4882: 4854: 4843: 4842: 4830: 4818: 4811: 4799: 4792: 4769: 4752: 4745: 4738: 4710: 4703: 4691: 4684: 4459:Lesser Sunda 4438: 4296:capitals in 4223: 4152:North Kayong 4036: 3972:. Retrieved 3968:detikfinance 3967: 3957: 3945:. Retrieved 3941:liputan6.com 3940: 3930: 3918:. Retrieved 3914: 3905: 3893:. Retrieved 3889: 3880: 3868:. Retrieved 3864: 3861:"Peringatan" 3855: 3843:. Retrieved 3839:the original 3829: 3817:. Retrieved 3807: 3795:. Retrieved 3785: 3773:. Retrieved 3768: 3764: 3754: 3742:. Retrieved 3737: 3733: 3723: 3699:. Retrieved 3689: 3669: 3662: 3645: 3627: 3621: 3615: 3589:. Retrieved 3585: 3575: 3563:. Retrieved 3559: 3550: 3542: 3368: 3350: 3334: 3314: 3310: 3307: 3303: 3290: 3274:World War II 3268: 3246: 3178: 3170:Paceri Nanas 3149:Lek Tau Suan 3148: 3138:Batang Burok 3121:Nasi Cap Cai 3099: 3082: 3063: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3006: 2994: 2992: 2988: 2979: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2958: 2942: 2919: 2910: 2895:Please help 2883: 2814: 2807: 2795: 2775: 2763:Southern Min 2744: 2728:Riau Islands 2702: 2685: 2677: 2666: 2651: 2637: 2549: 2465: 2438: 2429: 2418:Please help 2413:verification 2410: 2385: 2382: 2371:Demographics 2360: 2357: 2348: 2343: 2338: 2333: 2328: 2322: 2321: 2314:78241–78244 2284:78111–78117 2254:78113–78136 2224:78132–78136 2164:& 78124 2089: 2063: 2055: 2049: 1902:mm (inches) 1605: 1589: 1582: 1573: 1569: 1564:Kapuas Besar 1557: 1543: 1522: 1513: 1498:Please help 1486: 1451: 1419: 1413: 1405:Independence 1370: 1318: 1311: 1286: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1214:conscription 1199: 1186: 1174: 1167: 1162: 1160: 1132: 1123: 1108:Please help 1096: 1068: 1063: 1055: 1046:is known as 1041: 1023: 1015: 938:Palangkaraya 926:Kuala Lumpur 919: 891: 880: 861: 850: 836: 804:Kapuas River 787: 786: 777:كوت ڤونتيانق 696:Southern Min 647:Romanization 626:Hanyu Pinyin 588:Chinese name 231:Location in 181: 179:Motto: 170: 131: 127: 95: 60: 32: 5628:(1815–1975) 5602:Smeerenburg 5590:Settlements 5580:(1614–1642) 5534:Slave Coast 5426:(1621–1792) 5358:settlements 5316:Banjarmasin 5303:Residencies 5206:Cape Colony 5163:(1602–1798) 5035:Probolinggo 4850:Banjarmasin 4826:Tasikmalaya 4607:Bukittinggi 4602:Banjarmasin 4147:Kapuas Hulu 3870:15 February 3845:10 February 3184:Tart durian 3163:Bubur pedas 2985:Agriculture 2950:agriculture 2664:provinces. 2646:Gawai Dayak 2486:Percentage 2392:Ethnicities 2361:Sungai Raya 1354:Minangkabau 1308:(1884–1885) 1302:(1850–1854) 1296:(1822–1824) 1270:Qing Empire 1222:Qing Empire 942:Banjarmasin 832:Banjarmasin 737:Eastern Min 385:5 July 1779 306: / 294:109°20′29″E 5803:Categories 5745:New Guinea 5738:Until 1962 5717:Until 1954 5701:Until 1949 5692:Gold Coast 5685:Until 1872 5669:Until 1853 5650:Coromandel 5638:Until 1825 5529:Senegambia 5519:Gold Coast 5356:Opperhoofd 5221:Coromandel 5040:Singkawang 5024:Banda Aceh 5017:Banjarbaru 4966:Pekalongan 4924:Yogyakarta 4838:Balikpapan 4586:Jayawijaya 4429:Banjarbaru 4421:Kalimantan 4411:Yogyakarta 4314:Banda Aceh 4294:Provincial 4239:See also: 4229:Singkawang 4142:Bengkayang 3701:19 October 3522:References 3417:Copenhagen 3363:See also: 3353:Singkawang 3286:Balikpapan 3179:Pwe Ki Mue 3070:Idul Fitri 2803:Kaharingan 2749:. Several 2740:Indonesian 2726:, and the 2704:Indonesian 2460:Cap Go Meh 1974:(≥ 1.0 mm) 1610:under the 1381:war crimes 1371:After the 1338:Menadonese 966:Singkawang 960:, such as 946:Balikpapan 936:, such as 934:Kalimantan 824:Balikpapan 753:Kŏng-diêng 474:Population 406:Government 345:Kalimantan 291:00°01′14″S 233:Kalimantan 21:Kuntilanak 5809:Pontianak 5597:Jan Mayen 5468:Essequibo 5380:Mauritius 5346:Pontianak 5336:Palembang 4867:Surakarta 4844:Pontianak 4813:Samarinda 4794:Pekanbaru 4740:Palembang 4734:Tangerang 4617:Singaraja 4566:Manokwari 4495:Gorontalo 4444:Samarinda 4439:Pontianak 4354:Pekanbaru 4344:Palembang 4298:Indonesia 4224:Pontianak 4162:Kubu Raya 4134:Regencies 4126:Pontianak 4124:Capital: 4037:Pontianak 4033:Districts 3586:KATA OMED 3238:Chai Kwee 3219:Nasi kari 3074:Idul Adha 3016:Education 2884:does not 2771:Cantonese 2732:Singapore 2662:Guangdong 2562:Ethnicity 2482:Ethnicity 2432:June 2023 2090:kecamatan 2064:kelurahan 2056:kecamatan 2052:districts 1967:(115.52) 1579:Time zone 1487:does not 1468:Geography 1362:Eurasians 1356:, Dutch, 1279:Singapore 1097:does not 1024:Pontianak 1004:Etymology 950:Samarinda 862:When the 820:Samarinda 812:Indonesia 788:Pontianak 729:KungDiêng 712:Khun-tiān 653:Khun-tîen 579:Pontianak 524:(+62) 561 520:Area code 503:Time zone 450:Elevation 333:Indonesia 265:Pontianak 237:Indonesia 225:Pontianak 134:sculpture 42:Pontianak 5764:Suriname 5478:Pomeroon 5463:Demerara 5341:Preanger 5326:Cheribon 5236:Moluccas 5082:Pasuruan 4944:Sukabumi 4917:Bengkulu 4910:Jayapura 4820:Denpasar 4754:Makassar 4747:Semarang 4693:Surabaya 4561:Jayapura 4505:Makassar 4487:Sulawesi 4467:Denpasar 4406:Surabaya 4396:Semarang 4324:Bengkulu 4177:Mempawah 4157:Ketapang 3974:21 March 3947:21 March 3651:Archived 3499:See also 3473:Hokkaido 3401:São Tomé 3389:Malaysia 3235:Tar Susu 3226:Tempoyak 3223:Roti kap 3204:Tencalok 3196:Mooncake 3114:Javanese 3108:, local 2964:Industry 2946:industry 2913:May 2022 2792:Religion 2786:Buginese 2782:Madurese 2778:Javanese 2720:Malaysia 2699:Language 2612:Madurese 2602:Javanese 2532:Madurese 2522:Javanese 2289:61.71.04 2259:61.71.05 2229:61.71.03 2199:61.71.02 2169:61.71.06 2137:61.71.01 2127:villages 2120:mid 2023 2118:Estimate 2086:District 2019:Source: 1962:(12.29) 1957:(13.04) 1952:(12.26) 1927:(10.07) 1922:(10.62) 1907:(11.07) 1898:Average 1544:Seng Hie 1516:May 2022 1459:Ambonese 1455:Makassar 1414:Kadariah 1334:Javanese 1324:elites, 1126:May 2022 1064:Khuntîen 990:Malaysia 962:Ketapang 924:such as 922:Malaysia 688:Kwan din 682:Jyutping 674:Kwān dīn 352:Province 116:Khuntîen 79:ڤونتيناك 5766:gained 5758:Became 5729:Surinam 5660:Suratte 5655:Malacca 5488:Surinam 5453:Cayenne 5443:Berbice 5365:Myanmar 5321:Batavia 5288:Malabar 5267:Suratte 5231:Malacca 5226:Formosa 5211:Celebes 5180:Batavia 5087:Ternate 5030:Tarakan 4956:Cirebon 4950:Kendari 4903:Mataram 4897:Cilegon 4705:Bandung 4686:Jakarta 4622:Ternate 4576:Wanggar 4500:Kendari 4477:Mataram 4391:Jakarta 4386:Bandung 4306:Sumatra 4197:Sintang 4192:Sekadau 4187:Sanggau 3740:(1): 80 3591:19 June 3421:Denmark 3385:Sarawak 3381:Kuching 3330:Sarawak 3296:buses. 3153:Chinese 3143:Chinese 3088:Cuisine 3060:Culture 2905:removed 2890:sources 2865:Economy 2767:Hokkien 2755:Teochew 2689:animism 2669:Teochew 2526:12.84% 2516:18.92% 2506:29.81% 2502:Chinese 2496:30.50% 2344:675,468 2339:658,685 2334:554,764 2308:149,710 2305:143,204 2302:112,577 2278:123,870 2275:123,028 2272:110,111 2248:150,520 2245:146,700 2242:123,029 2218:110,900 2215:105,787 2084:Name of 2081:Wilayah 1965:2,934.2 1947:(6.90) 1942:(6.37) 1937:(7.17) 1932:(8.00) 1917:(9.19) 1912:(8.54) 1893:(73.9) 1888:(73.8) 1883:(73.9) 1878:(73.9) 1873:(73.8) 1868:(73.6) 1863:(73.4) 1858:(74.1) 1853:(74.7) 1848:(74.5) 1843:(73.9) 1838:(73.6) 1833:(73.6) 1823:(79.3) 1818:(78.6) 1813:(78.8) 1808:(79.0) 1803:(79.5) 1798:(79.9) 1793:(79.7) 1788:(80.2) 1783:(80.4) 1778:(79.9) 1773:(79.5) 1768:(78.8) 1763:(78.6) 1753:(89.6) 1748:(88.5) 1743:(89.1) 1738:(89.4) 1733:(90.0) 1728:(90.1) 1723:(89.8) 1718:(90.1) 1713:(90.3) 1708:(90.1) 1703:(89.8) 1698:(89.2) 1693:(88.9) 1623:⁄ 1602:Climate 1560:equator 1508:removed 1493:sources 1447:Jakarta 1443:Bandung 1358:Indians 1330:Chinese 1275:Sumatra 1210:Chinese 1170:Batavia 1118:removed 1103:sources 1078:History 1056:Kūndiàn 1037:Ramadan 986:Kuching 970:Sintang 915:Chinese 902:Chinese 828:Kuching 808:equator 802:of the 723:Peng'im 720:Teochew 703:Hokkien 632:Kūndiān 594:Chinese 559:Website 550:0.794 ( 482:675,468 432:Bahasan 320:Country 96:Kūndiàn 86:Chinese 5676:Dejima 5645:Bengal 5514:Arguin 5493:Tobago 5448:Brazil 5395:Tonkin 5375:Dejima 5370:Canton 5331:Malang 5311:Bantam 5283:Bantam 5262:Persia 5257:Bengal 5216:Ceylon 5103:Note: 5092:Banjar 5077:Madiun 5057:Bitung 5000:Sorong 4994:Kediri 4989:Binjai 4891:Kupang 4884:Manado 4862:Cimahi 4832:Serang 4807:Malang 4801:Padang 4699:Bekasi 4581:Sorong 4543:Sofifi 4530:Maluku 4515:Manado 4510:Mamuju 4472:Kupang 4401:Serang 4339:Padang 4216:Cities 4182:Sambas 4172:Melawi 4167:Landak 3895:3 June 3819:3 June 3797:3 June 3775:3 June 3744:3 June 3677: 3565:3 June 3449:Sakata 3437:France 3345:Brunei 3229:Bingke 3208:Lemang 3191:Kaloci 3155:: 3133:Bakpao 3112:, and 3076:, and 2952:, and 2658:Fujian 2621:Others 2606:11.67 2596:13.12 2586:31.05 2576:32.24 2544:2.98% 2541:Others 2536:4.96% 2329:118.21 2323:Totals 2212:82,370 2194:78124 2188:49,180 2185:49,127 2182:44,856 2156:91,290 2153:90,839 2150:81,821 2111:Census 2104:Census 2014:186.8 1644:Month 1416:Palace 1360:, and 1350:Bataks 1342:Dayaks 1287:kongsi 1201:kongsi 1052:pinyin 982:Brunei 952:, and 816:Borneo 796:Borneo 744:Fuzhou 542:(2019) 495: 362: 340:Region 330: 102:Pinyin 5390:Timor 5196:Ambon 5006:Tegal 4961:Dumai 4938:Ambon 4856:Jambi 4777:Bogor 4765:Batam 4718:Depok 4712:Medan 4571:Salor 4553:Papua 4538:Ambon 4334:Medan 4329:Jambi 3920:4 May 3477:Japan 3469:Rumoi 3457:Japan 3294:DAMRI 3110:Dayak 3106:Malay 3003:Trade 2954:trade 2759:Hakka 2673:Hakka 2632:100 2629:TOTAL 2624:4.57 2616:3.35 2592:Dayak 2582:Malay 2512:Dayak 2492:Malay 2299:41.10 2269:16.02 2239:16.38 2209:12.06 2179:16.13 2162:78123 2147:16.52 2132:code 2116:Pop'n 2109:Pop'n 2102:Pop'n 2095:Area 2079:Kode 2011:19.6 2008:20.7 2005:19.2 2002:13.2 1999:11.0 1996:11.7 1993:12.6 1990:17.1 1987:16.5 1984:15.0 1981:13.6 1978:16.6 1960:312.1 1955:331.2 1950:311.4 1945:175.2 1940:161.9 1935:182.0 1930:203.2 1925:255.9 1920:269.8 1915:233.4 1910:216.9 1905:281.2 1683:Year 1421:to a 1346:Bugis 1326:Arabs 1322:Malay 1196:mines 1071:Malay 1029:Malay 898:Malay 894:Dayak 800:delta 640:Hakka 508:UTC+7 112:Hakka 5385:Siam 5105:Bold 5072:Batu 4931:Palu 4612:Dili 4520:Palu 4378:Java 3976:2020 3949:2020 3922:2023 3897:2020 3872:2018 3847:2022 3821:2023 3799:2023 3777:2023 3746:2023 3703:2023 3675:ISBN 3593:2021 3567:2020 3433:Lyon 3343:and 3320:Land 2888:any 2886:cite 2757:and 2724:Riau 2671:and 2130:Post 2113:2020 2106:2010 1891:23.3 1886:23.2 1881:23.3 1876:23.3 1871:23.2 1866:23.1 1861:23.0 1856:23.4 1851:23.7 1846:23.6 1841:23.3 1836:23.1 1831:23.1 1821:26.3 1816:25.9 1811:26.0 1806:26.1 1801:26.4 1796:26.6 1791:26.5 1786:26.8 1781:26.9 1776:26.6 1771:26.4 1766:26.0 1761:25.9 1751:32.0 1746:31.4 1741:31.7 1736:31.9 1731:32.2 1726:32.3 1721:32.1 1716:32.3 1711:32.4 1706:32.3 1701:32.1 1696:31.8 1691:31.6 1680:Dec 1677:Nov 1674:Oct 1671:Sep 1668:Aug 1665:Jul 1662:Jun 1659:May 1656:Apr 1653:Mar 1650:Feb 1647:Jan 1542:The 1491:any 1489:cite 1445:and 1189:gold 1101:any 1099:cite 1050:, (( 992:and 980:and 773:Jawi 767:name 765:Jawi 552:High 512:IWST 437:Area 393:1953 235:and 159:Seal 149:Flag 75:Jawi 50:City 4035:of 3771:(2) 3300:Sea 3284:in 3251:Air 3157:绿豆爽 2899:by 2718:in 2660:or 2422:by 2123:No. 1502:by 1441:in 1379:of 1277:or 1193:tin 1191:or 1112:by 1069:In 1054:): 1035:on 996:in 988:in 747:BUC 706:POJ 568:.id 566:.go 540:HDI 5805:: 3966:. 3939:. 3913:. 3888:. 3863:. 3769:21 3767:. 3763:. 3736:. 3732:. 3711:^ 3635:^ 3601:^ 3584:. 3558:. 3530:^ 3491:, 3475:, 3471:, 3455:, 3451:, 3435:, 3419:, 3403:, 3387:, 3383:, 3288:. 3104:, 3072:, 3056:. 3048:, 3044:, 2948:, 2784:, 2780:, 2722:, 2367:. 2349:29 2125:of 2099:km 2097:in 1368:. 1352:, 1348:, 1344:, 1340:, 1336:, 1332:, 1328:, 1224:. 1066:. 1048:坤甸 1000:. 968:, 964:, 948:, 944:, 940:, 909:, 896:, 889:. 859:. 822:, 601:坤甸 534:KB 91:坤甸 5139:e 5132:t 5125:v 4656:e 4649:t 4642:v 4286:e 4279:t 4272:v 4107:e 4100:t 4093:v 4025:e 4018:t 4011:v 3978:. 3951:. 3924:. 3899:. 3874:. 3849:. 3823:. 3801:. 3779:. 3748:. 3738:8 3705:. 3683:. 3630:) 3626:( 3595:. 3569:. 3151:( 2926:) 2920:( 2915:) 2911:( 2907:. 2893:. 2445:) 2439:( 2434:) 2430:( 2416:. 2311:4 2281:6 2251:4 2221:7 2191:4 2159:5 2092:) 2088:( 2054:( 1625:8 1621:7 1618:+ 1616:5 1529:) 1523:( 1518:) 1514:( 1510:. 1496:. 1208:( 1139:) 1133:( 1128:) 1124:( 1120:. 1106:. 554:) 514:) 510:( 104:) 100:( 30:.

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