Ascension Island - Knowledge

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Beginning in 2020, the airfield underwent a complete reconstruction effort which brought it up to modern standards to support both US and UK air force airframes. The runway itself is an engineered base composed of granite which was imported from Nova Scotia, Canada and sand from Georgia, United States, under strict fumigation and inspection control of the on-island conservation group. During the construction effort, all material was required to be purchased new to avoid the introduction of any non-native species which could impact the native flora and fauna. To avoid disruptions to island operations, the runway was completed in two phases, each half at approximately 5,000 linear feet. The construction team also updated the lighting system, drainage, airfield signs, and roads connecting the airfield to Georgetown and the US base. The runway was completed and reopened in 2023.

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representation led to the dispute and that all six councillors resigned (five of them at once). The memorandum states, "The elected Council has been used to legitimise an illegitimate system that has never been a true democracy and, it seems, was never intended to be." The counter-argument was that, as the island has no indigenous population whatsoever, it is in an unusual political position. Consequently, a general election was called, but by the close of nominations, there were only two candidates. The election was abandoned, and the governor suspended the Island Council for 12 months. It was stated that an election would take place in April 2008 but following consultations this was extended to October. Eventually, candidates were elected to form a new Island Council, which was sworn in on 27 October 2008.

142: 1308: 2409: 130: 77: 2437: 3506: 1507: 3103: 2542: 2817: 1416: 66: 920:; he agreed with the saying attributed to the people of St Helena that "We know we live on a rock, but the poor people at Ascension live on a cinder." He noted the care taken to sustain "houses, gardens & fields placed near the summit of the central mountain," and cisterns at roadsides to provide drinking water. The springs were carefully managed, "so that a single drop of water may not be lost: indeed the whole island may be compared to a huge ship kept in first-rate order." In commenting on this, he noted 858: 2241: 3520: 163: 3332: 3030: 2520:(MPA). The EEZ covers an area of over 440,000 square kilometres (170,000 sq mi), making it one of the largest in the world. Within the MPA it is proposed that commercial fishing and mineral extraction will be prohibited. Legislation is now being brought forward and development of a management plan is underway. These will be put into place subject to confirmation that the ongoing costs of management, monitoring and enforcement have been provided by the UK government. 1424: 2892: 9347: 3534: 9357: 1079: 2127: 1283:. The RAF also used the base to supply the task force. Because of the increase in air traffic during the war, Wideawake, with up to 400 movements of all types each day, was one of the busiest airfields in the world for a short period. The Royal Navy's fleet stopped at Ascension for refuelling on the way. Following the war, the British retained an increased presence on the island, establishing 5061: 742:”. The quoted distance of 750 or 800 leagues equates to a voyage of about 2,600 - 2,800 miles (assuming a Portuguese league equates to 3.45 English miles), yet the distance from Cape Verde to Ascension is only about 1,800 miles. Trindade seems to be a much better fit, being 2,600 miles from Cape Verde. Attention has long been drawn to the confusion between Ascension and Trindade, 643: 3492: 2879:

and flags. Therefore, Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha should be treated with equality as British Overseas Territories in their own right and the FCO should change their status to this effect. However, this change should not necessarily imply that the practice of St Helena, Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha sharing the same Governor should come to an end.

935:, they should institute a long-term plan of shipping trees to Ascension. The planted trees would capture more rain and improve the soil, allowing the barren island to become a garden. So, from 1850 and years thereafter, ships came with an assortment of plants from botanical gardens in Argentina, Europe and South Africa. By the late 1870s 2195:, until four plants were found on the island in 2010. Over 60 specimens were then successfully cultivated. Portuguese explorers released goats in the 1500s, which ate many species to extinction. The later introduction of rabbits, sheep, rats and donkeys, and over 200 imported species further marginalised the original flora. 2326:. The protected green turtle is perhaps the most notable of the endemic fauna, coming ashore to lay their eggs on the beaches from November to May. Turtles were regularly harvested until 1930, when the practice was banned. By 1970 the turtle population had begun to rebound. From the 1970s, when records began, to 2014, 5658: 3110:

Until 2002, tourism was virtually non-existent because of the inaccessibility of the island to transport, the absence of guest accommodation and the need for a sponsor. Limited air travel has, however, been made available in recent years to the public by the RAF, and the Georgetown Obsidian Hotel and

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reported at the time, it was raised by some former Council members and four expatriate employees that whilst it was agreed there was no right of abode, the UK authorities had previously indicated it would consider changing the law to allow the rights of abode and property purchase, but decided not to

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Ascension Island has its own local system of law, much of which is based on the laws of Saint Helena and some parts of English law with modifications. The Island Council advises on new or revised laws. Where local legislation does not exist, Saint Helena law may be used where appropriate and suitable

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to find a new location. Having found an area on the southwest of the island seemingly less affected, they then had to determine how to move 20 tons of delicate observational equipment to the new location. Fortunately, a small, clear beach was located nearby which was used for landing the equipment by

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and the Privy Council on 8 July and came into operation in September 2009. The new constitution replaced the 1988 version and among other changes limited the Governor's powers, included a Bill of Rights, established independence of the judiciary and the public service, and designated the Governor of

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Due to the disrepair, the runway was shut down in 2016 to non-mission related or emergency flights. The airfield was cobbled together over numerous efforts beginning in World War 2, including multiple extensions, the addition of turning blisters and fast exit taxi-ways, and mill and overlay repairs.

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Atlantic Relay Station was installed in 1966 for short-wave broadcasts to Africa and South America and because of the BBC's considerable resources, eventually BBC External Services began sourcing requirements generally for the Island through BBC Engineering Purchasing Department based in 4 Cavendish

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The Committee notes that the Overseas Territory of St Helena includes the separate and distinct territories of Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha. These are both inhabited territories with a population that is not directly connected to St Helena and have their own identities, elected governments

1531:). The temperatures at the coast average from 22.7 to 27.8 °C (72.9 to 82.0 °F), and about 5 to 6 °C (9.0 to 10.8 °F) cooler at the highest point. Rain showers may occur at any time during the year, but tend to be heavier between June and September. Although the island is in the 1149:

on the surface with the intention of sinking any ships at anchor or shelling the cable station. Fort Bedford, a two-gun shore battery at Cross Hill, above Georgetown, fired on the submarine. The guns scored no hits but the U-boat submerged and retreated. The battery remains largely intact, together

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Gaspar Corrêa and Rodrigo Jose de Lima Felner, Lendas da India. Publicadas de ordem da Classe de sciencias moraes, politicas e bellas lettras da Academia real das sciencias de Lisboa e sob a dirrecção de Rodrigo José de Lima Felner, vol. 2 (Lisboa Typographia da Academia Real das Sciencias, 1858),

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Whilst the Ascension Island Government is distinct from the St Helena Government, the Governor of St Helena is also Governor of Ascension. The executive authority of Ascension is exercised on behalf of His Majesty by the Governor, either directly or through the Administrator of Ascension and other

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On 26 September 2019, a general election of the Island Council was held. This followed the dissolution of the previous Council on 1 September 2019, in accordance with the Island Government (Ascension) Ordinance 2008. Seven candidates ran for five available Councillor positions, with electors being

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for broad area coverage have played a significant role in long range acoustic transmission studies and incidents. The island's location makes it a first point of Atlantic reception for acoustics from the other oceans. As an example the Ascension hydrophones received and the site processed signals

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to the northwest of the island. Sixty men survived for two months until they were rescued. Almost certainly, after a few days they found the strong water spring in the high interior of the island, in what is now called Breakneck Valley (there is a much smaller water source, lower on the mountain,

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carried out those flights, called the South Atlantic Air Bridge, although a limited number of commercial passenger tickets were available. Those flights then traveled via Dakar, Senegal. AW Ship Management arranged for civilians to board RAF flights to and from RAF Ascension Island and RAF Brize

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known as "Mexican thorn", was introduced by BBC engineers to bind the dry top soil when they arrived in 1966 to construct a shortwave relay station. It has thrived on the barren lava of the island – an estimated 38,000 bushes existed by 2016. Its spread has been destructive to other species, and

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sail out into the open sea to a distance of 750 or 800 leagues. And so it was that, as we sailed in that direction, at the end of 28 days we sighted land – land which had already been discovered by others (according to unconfirmed claims) and called Ascension Island. We spent the whole night off

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specify that they are for use on both Saint Helena and Ascension Island, but with no mention of Tristan da Cunha, whereas the banknotes only say "Government of St Helena". There are also distinct commemorative coins for Ascension Island. For more information on currency in the wider region, see

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To enter Ascension Island, individuals must apply for a visa prior to their arrival. There are no permanent residents. A contract of employment is a requirement to stay on the island for longer than three months, though short-term visits by tourists are possible with prior approval. The British

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for local adaptation, or specific Ascension Island law is enacted. Employment legislation is a mixture of contract law and the Workmen's Protection Ordinance, which guarantees a contract, and obliges employers to provide free accommodation, medical cover, food (or a food allowance), and travel.

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service on the island and most visitors requiring transport hire a car. There are around 40 kilometres (25 mi) of roads on the island, all hard-surfaced, along with many unsurfaced paths and trails. Some of the road surfacing used was surplus tarmac from a previous airstrip construction

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In 2008, British diplomats at the United Nations Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (UN CLCS), requested sovereignty over 200,000 km (77,220 sq mi) of submarine territory around the island. This would enable exploration into possible new reserves of oil, gas and

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made Ascension a dependency of Saint Helena, with control being officially handed over to the Eastern Telegraph Company from the Admiralty on 20 October 1922. The island was managed by the head of the Eastern Telegraph Company on the island until 1964 when the British Government appointed an

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torpedo planes on 15 June 1942. According to one of the pilots, Peter Jinks, the planes were fired upon before being recognised as allies. The Swordfish had to land on the unfinished airstrip, thus becoming the first aircraft to land on Ascension Island proper, which had long served as an

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Six of the seven members resigned in January 2007 in the belief that they were "assisting to legitimise a democracy that doesn't really exist on Ascension Island". A memorandum sent by a group of Ascension Island residents suggests that the handling of economic development, taxation and

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The island hosts one of four dedicated ground antennas that assist in the operation of the Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation system along with those on Diego Garcia (British Indian Ocean Territory), Kwajalein (Marshall Islands), and Cape Canaveral, Florida. NASA and the

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of seven members was elected, and took office on 1 November 2002. This council was dissolved by order of the Governor of Saint Helena on 24 October 2005, and a new election was held on 16 November 2005. 697 electors chose among ten candidates contesting the seven seats.

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Agreement Between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the United States of American Concerning the Use of Wideawake Airfield on Ascension Island by Civil Aircraft Not Engaged in Scheduled International Air

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flow northward west of Africa. These currents bring cooling effects around the eastern South Atlantic Ocean. Tropical cyclones also occur only rarely in the South Atlantic Ocean which might be caused by the same phenomenon, and by strong vertical wind shear.

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The island provided a base for a NASA communications dish during the space race in the mid-twentieth century. The island was chosen due to its central location in the Atlantic. Sites were chosen due to their proximity to orbital paths—generally along the

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planes landed at Ascension every three weeks to supply the RAF operation and deliver mail. A lengthy repair process was initiated in 2020 and while A330s were unable to land at the airport during the repair process, the United States military used

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All of the effort was ultimately a success, producing a solar distance of 93.08 ± 0.16 million miles, which is a range from 92.92 – 93.24, since shown to be (just) correct by the modern measurement of 92.9558. As a result of his work on the solar

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has operated an inter-island air service between St Helena and Ascension once a month. This is operated as a charter service extension on the regular Johannesburg to St Helena route with an overnight turnaround on Ascension. As a result of the

671:’ later chronicle described the sighting of an island south of the line which was named Conçeicam. There are at least three reasons why it is thought this name was quoted by de Barros in error, this later being repeated by de Góis. First, the 2862:

Although the first Island Council was elected in 2002, between 1922 and 2009 Ascension was a dependency of St Helena with an appointed Administrator representing the UK Government on the island under the purview of the Governor of St Helena.

6893: 2898:, the island's primary settlement, comprises the island's post office, police station, court and government house, as well as its supermarket and the port: a small pier where supplies are off-loaded with a connection for a fuel pipeline. 104: 3475:

air service was temporarily suspended in April 2020. During the temporary suspension, Ascension along with its sister island of St Helena, had been intermittently supplied by a Titan operated charter service originating in the UK.

1097:, to supply and augment extensive amphibious aircraft antisubmarine patrol operations ongoing from the early days of the war, the United States built an airbase on Ascension Island, known as "Wideawake", after a nearby colony of 2854:

St Helena as, concurrently, the Governor for Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. It ended the "dependency" status of Ascension and Tristan da Cunha on Saint Helena that had been in place, for administrative convenience, since 1922.

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is now one of the few large-scale planned forests, and is gradually growing with each year. Its highest point is at 859 metres (2,818 ft). Non-indigenous plants teem there, and the crown of Green Mountain is a lush halo of

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sea. This was later named Mars Bay, a name which it carries to this day and which has since been designated a Nature Reserve. The couple then spent several months camped out at the bay making their observations, assisted by a

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Two Portuguese chronicles suggest that João da Nova leading the third armada to India discovered Ascension in 1501. Da Nova is variously said to have sailed from Lisbon on 1 March, 5 March, 11 March, 26-27 March or 10 April.

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Lienhard, 1996, Psocoptères nouveaux ou peu connus de quelques îles atlantiques (Canaries, Madère, Açores, Ascension) et de l'Afrique du Nord (Insecta: Psocoptera), Boletim do Museu Municipal do Funchal (Historia Natural)

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Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Collecção de noticias para a historia e geografia das nações ultramarinas: que vivem nos dominios portuguezes, ou lhes são visinhas, vol. II, Nos 1 & II (Typ. da Academia, 1812), 219.

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In 2003 the British and US governments signed the Wideawake agreement designed to allow a limited number of non-scheduled civilian aircraft to land on Ascension Island, under responsibility of the British government.

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in May 1725. British mariners found the Dutchman's tent, belongings and diary in January 1726; the man's remains were not found. His diary was published in translation in London later that same year, under the title

1480:. Ascension is considered active and could have erupted as recently as 500 years ago, but the exact eruption date is elusive. Due to the low rainfall and geologically recent eruptions, its soil consists mostly of 1180:, the Americans returned in 1956. Wideawake Airfield expanded in the mid-1960s. The runway was extended, widened, and improved to allow its use by large aircraft, and later to act as an emergency runway for the 6323: 4601: 1329:

on Ascension. As of 2007 NASA continued to list Ascension Island as a "downrange site" used for range safety instrumentation. In particular, the Post-Detect Telemetry System used to acquire launch vehicle

5476: 1410: 4980: 3068:, first issued in 1922, and, since 2010, commemorative coins (which are legal tender but non-circulating) and commercial fishing licences for long-line tuna fishing vessels operating to ICCAT quotas. 103: 1101:(locally called 'wideawake' birds because of their loud, distinctive constant (day-and-night) cawing chatter). The airbase, which was under construction by the 38th Combat Engineer Battalion of the 7192: 908:

described it as an arid, treeless island, with nothing growing near the coast. Sparse vegetation inland supported "about six hundred sheep, many goats, a few cows & horses," large numbers of

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The repair project celebrated its halfway point in March 2022. In August 2022, the eastern portion of the runway was completed, allowing full flight operations to resume, with a U.S. Air Force

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being the first aircraft of that size to use the improved runway on 31 August 2022. Earlier that month, an RAF A400M aircraft flying from Ascension Island was refueled for the first time by a

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while in opposition on his own, rather than in combination with many observers simultaneously recording the position of the planet as had been the technique during the time. This is because a

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operate a Meter-Class Autonomous Telescope (MCAT) on Ascension as part of the deep space surveillance system for tracking orbital debris, which can be a hazard to spacecraft and astronauts.

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João de Barros, Manoel Severim de Faria, and João Baptista Lavanha, Da Asia de João de Barros e de Diogo de Couto, vol. I, book V, chapter X (Lisbon: Regia Officina Typografica, 1778), 466.

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After cats were introduced to Ascension Island in 1815, large seabird breeding colonies were quickly wiped out everywhere except in small cat-inaccessible areas, such as on the offshore

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Ascension is a geologically young formation, the tip of an undersea volcano which rose above the waves only a million years ago. Although volcanic activity is mainly associated with the

9334: 105: 6275: 2657: 924:'s remark "that the English nation alone would have thought of making the island of Ascension a productive spot; any other people would have held it as a mere fortress in the ocean." 5130:

Preece, Katie; Mark, Darren F.; Barclay, Jenni; Cohen, Benjamin E.; Chamberlain, Katy J.; Jowitt, Claire; Vye-Brown, Charlotte; Brown, Richard J.; Hamilton, Scott (1 December 2018).

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as a bulk fuel facility. In December 2002, this was replaced by an on-shore Petroleum Supply Depot under military management, with fuel still being delivered by a chartered tanker,

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officers subordinate to the Governor. In practice the Administrator is the head of the Ascension Island Government and is responsible for the day-to-day running of the Government.

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had been the guardship at Ascension from 1865 to 1872 before being ordered south to become the Simonstown depot ship. Five ratings died while on a recreational boat trip in 1879.

2509:, to protect its varied and unique ecosystem, including some of the largest marlin in the world, large populations of green turtle, and the island's own species of frigate bird. 2420:. It is a haven for sea birds providing refuge from the rats, cats and people that came to Ascension Island from Europe and Africa. Following a successful campaign headed by the 1124:

The airfield was used by the US military as a stopping point for American aircraft crossing the Atlantic Ocean on the way to theatres of operation in Europe and Africa. American

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shore in very stormy weather, and came near to sinking because the wind was blowing across the island. The place was of no use as far as we could tell, and we left it behind us

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Duarte Leite, História da colonização portuguesa do Brasil, Chapter IX, O mais antigo mapa do Brasil, ed. Carlos Malheiro Dias, vol. 2 (Porto: Litografia Nacional, 1922), 251.

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of celestial bodies. In observing this from near the equator, a greater observable distance would be visible, hence a temporary observatory being decided upon for Ascension.

4268: 6955: 6674: 141: 9704: 9145: 5046: 4078: 5235:"Lower Crustal Heterogeneity and Fractional Crystallization Control Evolution of Small-volume Magma Batches at Ocean Island Volcanoes (Ascension Island, South Atlantic)" 1375: 787:

It is possible, but disputed, that the island was sometimes used as an open prison for criminal mariners, although there is only one documented case of such an exile, a

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every two months. Fuel for the island is transferred via a floating hose, which is connected to the on-shore depot at the island's pier head and to the ship at anchor.

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In the February 2016 census, 806 people were recorded living in Ascension Island, 556 from Saint Helena (nicknamed the "Saints") and 250 people of other nationalities.

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As a result of changes in the constitutional arrangements for Ascension Island, a unicameral Legislative Council with advisory powers was introduced in 2002. The first

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Although originally based in Georgetown, the pair found the evenings to be too cloudy to make observations of the night sky due to Georgetown being located downwind of

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permitted to cast up to five votes each. Of 518 registered electors 150 electors cast 498 votes. The five successful Councillors were sworn in on 26 September 2019.

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groups on Saint Helena and Ascension Island. Scouting was established on Ascension Island in November 1973, having been established on St Helena island in 1912.

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government announced that it was considering a proposal to send migrants arriving in the UK by boat to Ascension Island, should the Supreme Court rule that the

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some 9,200 km (5,700 mi; 5,000 nmi) from the Ascension arrays and passing around Africa. The Ascension array was one of those involved in the

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Additionally, there are some cottages on Green Mountain, occasionally occupied by visitors, and the Residency, the official residence of the Administrator.

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The main island has an area of approximately 88 square kilometres (34 sq mi). A volcanic peak rising from 100 kilometres (62 mi) west of the

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in 1501 was described by two Portuguese chroniclers who probably misnamed it as Conception Island. The popular idea that Ascension was rediscovered by

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competitions organized by the Association are held on the island: the Ascension Island Football League, Knockout Tournament, and the Flipper Trophy.

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Norton. Previously AW Ship Management had a package deal where passengers could travel in one direction on the RAF flights and in the other on the

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Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1962; overlaps portions of Argentine and Chilean claims, borders not enforced but claim not renounced under the

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Reception At Ascension Island, South Atlantic, of the Transmissions From The Heard Island Feasibility Test (NOAA Technical Memorandum ERL AOML-73)

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from 22 October 1815 to 1922 and was an important refueling stop for ships and commercial airliners in the days of international air travel by

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Square, London; items were requisitioned and ordered from suppliers, delivered to export packers, Evan Cook and shipped to Ascension on RMS

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emanating from Green Mountain. Isobel quickly endeavoured to find an area less affected by the evening cloud and trekked several miles over

9659: 9305: 9288: 9166: 7257: 4327: 3999: 529: 53: 17: 6790: 5979: 4526: 4497: 4490:"Saint Helena, Ascension, Tristan da Cunha. The Maritime Heritage Project. Sea Captains, Ships, Merchant Marines, Merchandise, Migrations" 4462: 2232:. Its hardy taproots can extend to 30 metres (98 ft) deep. Local authorities are considering means of controlling or eradicating it. 1220:

acoustic signal in which there were correlated acoustic arrivals with the time and estimated location of the double flash detected by the

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wrote that passing eight degrees beyond the equator, towards the south, an island was found to which the name Concepcão was given whilst

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is a weekly newspaper that is edited, printed and distributed on the island. It has been published since 1971. It is available online.

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is the main attraction for many of the visitors. The island also boasts what is sometimes called the worst golf course in the world.

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signals intercept station was also established on Ascension during the Cold War. The island retains a role in space exploration: the

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also named the island as Ascension, not as Conception. It is usually presumed that the island was discovered on the movable feast of

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that laid their eggs on the sandy beaches. The Portuguese also introduced goats as a potential source of meat for future mariners.

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Henry Stommel, Lost Islands: The Story of Islands That Have Vanished from Nautical Charts (Courier Dover Publications, 2017), 121.

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visited the island. Four years later, Hooker, with much encouragement from Darwin, advised the Royal Navy that with the help of

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established a tracking station on the island in 1967, which it operated for more than 20 years before closing it down in 1990.

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By 1843 the island was barren with few plants. However, due to the introduction of species by the British, Ascension Island's

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The location of the island made it a useful stopping-point for ships and communications. The Royal Navy used the island as a

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Dry and barren, the island had little appeal for passing ships except for collecting fresh meat, and was not claimed for the

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Bingeman, John M.; McFall, Neil; Drummond, Maldwin; Newbury, R. L.; Conway, T. M.; Conway, T. M.; Gmitro, John I. (2001).

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Moreira D. M De Azevedo, ‘A IIha Da Trindade’, Revista Do Instituto Historico de Geographico de São Paulo 3 (1898): 9–30.

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Organised settlement of Ascension Island began in 1815, when the British garrisoned it as a precaution after imprisoning

5350: 4370: 3873: 9466: 8708: 6436: 5013: 4571: 1371: 7209: 7155: 6058:"Global Britain and the British Overseas Territories: Resetting the relationship - Foreign Affairs - House of Commons" 5871: 2448:. Following a two-year campaign, feral cats were eradicated by 2004 and seabirds began to recolonise the main island. 8870: 8063: 7204: 6859: 6463: 5257: 4806: 4781: 3967: 3872:

Ravenstein, E. G., ed. A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco Da Gama, 1497-1499. London: Hakluyt Society, 1898, 191.

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William Brooks Greenlee, The Voyage of Pedro Alvares Cabral to Brazil and India (London: Hakluyt Society, 1938), 139.

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Damião de Góis, Chronica do serenissimo senhor rei D. Manoel (Lisbon: Na officina de M. Manescal da Costa, 1749), 84.

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a number of guest cottages have been opened. All visitors are required to obtain an entry permit before travelling.

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for the purposes of conducting money transfers with the rest of the world. The currency on Ascension Island is the

2502: 839: 587: 520:. It is about 960 miles (1,540 km) from the coast of Africa and 1,400 miles (2,300 km) from the coast of 383: 81: 7217: 6828: 1528: 8959: 8690: 7528: 7484: 7444: 6759: 6057: 5826: 3263: 2603: 2101: 1067: 5447: 729:. The supposed sighting of Ascension originates from the account by a passenger of the fifth Portuguese armada, 679:

on the fixed date of 8 December, yet by then the third armada had already reached India. Second, the Portuguese

9253: 8781: 8395: 8289: 8106: 7790: 7288: 6541: 5404: 5039:"Africa :: Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha—The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency" 4943: 4100:

Admiralty, Great Britain (December 1919). "Other Senior Naval Officers or Officers in Charge at Ports Abroad".

2562: 2116: 1318: 1200: 1058: 9386: 9063: 8827: 8578: 8019:. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003. 7916: 7848: 7501: 7348: 7160: 6210: 5556: 3942:(1737), p. 250, who wrote that various criminal mariners had been exiled to the island; also in Alex Ritsema 3792:

Bruce, Ian. 'The Discovery of St Helena'. Wirebird: The Journal of the Friends of St Helena 51 (2022): 26–43

3223: 3189: 2330:

nesting increased by 500%, resulting in some 24,000 nests being laid on the island's main beaches each year.

1383: 1139: 971:

and his wife Isobel spent six months on Ascension Island. This was to take advantage of the near approach of

496: 358: 6608: 5203: 65: 9546: 8863: 8313: 8237: 8213: 8207: 7564: 7439: 7396: 7303: 6977: 5798:"Large-scale Marine Protected Area designated by Ascension Island Government – Ascension Island Government" 3215:

Ascension has one local radio station and one relayed from St Helena. It also receives broadcasts from the

3083:(one of the most well-known file piracy websites in the world) moved to .ac following the seizure of their 3049:. A former feature of Ascension was a 70,000-tonne tanker permanently moored offshore that was operated by 2984: 2913: 2895: 2700: 2582: 2532: 2139: 1151: 1146: 862: 536:, is around 800 miles (1,300 km) to the southeast. The territory also includes the sparsely populated 525: 450: 255: 207: 2215:. In June 2005 the first National Park on Ascension Island, the Green Mountain National Park, was opened. 9709: 9280: 8946: 7796: 7459: 7411: 7318: 6088:"CONSTITUTION OF ST HELENA, ASCENSION AND TRISTAN DA CUNHA DRAFT FOR PUBLIC CONSULTATION OF 25 June 2008" 3742: 3547: 3404: 3399: 3118:

Ascension Island Government does not issue visas to citizens of the following countries and territories:

2919: 2723: 1456: 897: 5545: 3184:

The island hosts many communications and relay stations, exploiting its mid-Atlantic position. Both the

1184:, although the Shuttle never had to use it. At the time, it was the world's longest airport runway. The 9566: 9531: 9521: 9018: 8795: 8769: 8666: 8435: 7401: 2929: 2718: 2672: 2627: 1326: 1279:

tankers at the airfield. Vulcans launched the opening shots of the British offensive from Ascension in

1138:

The only local military action during World War II occurred on 9 December 1941. At around mid-day, the

921: 313: 6404: 5905: 5683: 5282: 4822: 9674: 9644: 9309:; Ascension Island (1922–) and Tristan da Cunha (1938–) were previously dependencies of Saint Helena. 8952: 8908: 8630: 8341: 8016: 7986: 7744: 4632:. Patrick Air Force Base, Florida: Eastern Test Range, Directorate of Range Operations. p. 1-1. 3076: 3050: 2608: 2273: 1185: 1115: 611: 5770: 4231: 3793: 2512:

On 22 August 2019, the Ascension Island Government announced the designation of 100% of Ascension's

754:

maps showing a mythical Ascension Island at a location between Trindade and Brazil as late as 1808.

9576: 9446: 9379: 9133: 8841: 8788: 8696: 8654: 8618: 8572: 8187: 7836: 7778: 7449: 7386: 7381: 7283: 7099: 6257: 5648:"The eradication of feral cats from Ascension Island and its subsequent recolonization by seabirds" 3684: 3640: 3411: 2974: 2825: 2695: 2639: 2165: 1540: 1358: 1232: 821: 331: 70: 9456: 9350: 9182: 9057: 9025: 9006: 8672: 8624: 8566: 8275: 8219: 7595: 7353: 7333: 7323: 7308: 7267: 7104: 3823:

Gaspar Corrêa, Lendas de India, vol. 1 (Lisbon: Typ. da Academia Real das Sciencias, 1858), 235.

3320: 3316: 3075:, which small UK educational colleges and science museums are favouring due to its similarity to 2801: 2513: 1487:

The island consists of a wide range of alkaline rocks atypical for oceanic islands, ranging from

1054: 968: 726: 556: 270: 7120:

Important Bird Areas in the United Kingdom Overseas Territories; priority sites for conservation

4323: 4155:"The parable of Green Mountain: Ascension Island, ecosystem construction and ecological fitting" 1468:

80 km to the west, Ascension also displays some features which are commonly attributed to "

747: 9423: 8821: 8802: 8678: 8642: 8414: 8402: 8301: 8181: 8169: 8057: 8012: 8000: 7631: 7338: 7226: 5983: 4534: 4489: 2460: 2208: 2093: 1240: 1111: 936: 714:’s chronicle, made no mention of either Ascension or Conception, instead describing a visit to 576: 6031: 5312: 3720: 2228:

current encroachment on the edges of beaches threatens those that use this space, such as the

683:, completed in 1502 after the third armada returned, shows the newly sighted island marked as 9360: 8966: 8121: 7898: 7880: 7689: 7620: 7376: 7343: 5928:"Ascension : Councillors Response to Article - Ascension Island – Why should we bother?" 4944:"Ascension Island. Barren, 4,044 miles (6,508 km) from Land's End, but ours says the FO" 4658:

Munk, Walter H.; Spindel, Robert C.; Baggeroer, Arthur; Birdsall, Theodore G. (20 May 1994).

3782: 3731: 3539: 3525: 3433: 3193: 2797: 2517: 2472: 2468: 2445: 2417: 2408: 2398: 2286: 2183: 2159: 2153: 1354: 1236: 722: 591: 572: 552: 298: 6873: 3591: 3079:, the domain code reserved for well-established UK academic institutions. In December 2013, 30:

This article is about the island in the South Atlantic Ocean. For the Canadian islands, see

9271: 9089: 9002: 8936: 8914: 8815: 8775: 8684: 8648: 8586: 8511: 8199: 7934: 7928: 7922: 7416: 7358: 7298: 6577: 6576:, vol. 2270, I-40420, United Nations Treaty Collection, 1 October 2003, archived from 6009: 5372: 5146: 4674: 4594:"Space Force units are already operating worldwide, and experts expect more to pop up soon" 4458: 4423: 4211: 4166: 3557: 3429: 3373: 3344: 3301: 3112: 2941: 2903: 2708: 2451:

Ascension Island, including fourteen inshore stacks and marine habitat extending out for 3

2211:, trees planted by British mariners, which were to have been used as replacement masts for 1311: 1307: 1284: 1280: 928: 873: 707: 595: 583: 6324:"Ascension Island: Home of Lava Fields, a False Forest, and the World's Worst Golf Course" 6276:"Government Response to Consultation: Policy on the Regulation of Employment in Ascension" 4130: 2436: 1374:

started operating a mobile climate research facility on the island. It is operated by the

1199:

Ascension was the shore terminal for the furthest down range installation of the Atlantic

1164:

The airbase fell into disuse following the American departure at the end of World War II.

8: 9586: 9526: 9491: 8750: 8553: 8460: 8408: 8295: 8283: 8263: 8251: 8163: 7954: 7866: 7474: 7469: 7406: 7135:

Duff Hart-Davis, The Spectator 17 October 2015, "The Stone Frigate Sails On", p. 16.

4454: 3209: 2970: 2935: 2778: 2456: 2147: 1276: 833: 792: 680: 668: 610:. Ascension Island hosts one of four ground antennas that assist in the operation of the 434: 266: 6382: 5957: 5927: 5150: 4678: 4624: 4391: 4215: 4170: 3440:

flying out of RAF Mount Pleasant. The repairs to the runway were completed in May 2023.

2440:

A few of the 130,000 Atlantic sooty terns at Mars Bay breeding grounds, Ascension Island

9581: 9541: 9486: 9441: 8996: 8978: 8918: 8809: 8535: 8497: 8473: 8454: 8345: 7892: 7818: 7784: 7683: 7663: 7589: 7489: 7479: 7177: 7125: 6143: 6113: 5575: 5546:

Richard G. Hartnoll; Annette C. Broderick; Brendan J. Godley; Kate E. Saunders (2009).

5504: 5170: 4184: 4073: 3395: 3364: 3356: 3308: 3251: 3243: 3038: 2870:

In 2019, the UK House of Commons Foreign Affairs Select Committee published its report

2850: 2713: 2319: 2219: 1520: 1506: 1462: 1432: 1398: 1292: 1087: 877: 827: 784:

which was named Dampier's Drip by people who probably misinterpreted Dampier's story).

769: 413: 6353: 5620: 5233:

Chamberlain, K. J.; Barclay, J.; Preece, K. J.; Brown, R. J.; Davidson, J. P. (2019).

5132:"Bridging the gap: 40Ar/39Ar dating of volcanic eruptions from the 'Age of Discovery'" 3753: 3102: 9356: 8942: 8560: 8525: 8257: 8145: 8093: 8087: 8071: 7910: 7904: 7854: 7824: 7754: 5174: 5162: 4802: 4777: 4179: 4154: 3963: 3919: 3468: 3388: 2980: 2849:

The Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha Constitution Order 2009 was made by

2346: 2135: 2046: 1998: 1469: 751: 599: 560: 95: 31: 5579: 5373:"Klimatafel von Georgetown (Flugh.), Insel Ascension / Südatlantik / Großbritannien" 4188: 3480:

resumed operations to Ascension Island (as well as St Helena) on the 26 March 2022.

3347:

led in April 2017 to the cancellation of twice-weekly flights from there to the UK (

2816: 1415: 664: 630:

operates a Meter Class Autonomous Telescope (MCAT) on Ascension Island for tracking

9571: 9428: 9418: 9313: 9246: 9238: 9158: 9069: 9037: 8924: 8724: 8636: 8421: 7947: 7940: 7842: 7672: 7431: 7328: 5565: 5249: 5154: 4682: 4396: 4366: 4362: 4174: 3572: 3497: 3437: 3352: 3348: 3288:

is the only school on the island and provides education to all children aged 3–16.

3285: 3255: 3058: 3018: 2923: 2793: 2786: 2541: 2171: 1536: 1346: 1296: 1288: 1221: 1129: 1106: 999: 992: 758: 603: 541: 537: 283: 263: 248: 7558: 6190: 4293: 711: 602:

Atlantic Relay Station. The island was used extensively as a staging point by the

9551: 9496: 9266: 9043: 8972: 8763: 8702: 8541: 8225: 8127: 7830: 7221: 6880: 6197: 6087: 5830: 4387: 2484: 2402: 2350: 1444: 1268: 1050: 976: 776: 672: 351: 155: 6489: 1023:, David Gill went on to be appointed Royal Astronomer at the Cape of Good Hope. 857: 646: 9481: 9476: 9402: 9151: 9139: 8984: 8600: 8529: 8518: 8307: 8269: 8175: 8139: 8133: 8099: 7637: 7560: 7464: 7421: 7094: 7031: 6515: 5846: 5253: 5113:"UK may try to send small boat arrivals to Ascension Island, minister confirms" 5086: 5006:"ARM - Field Campaign - LASIC: Layered Atlantic Smoke Interactions with Clouds" 4025: 3837:(3rd ed.). Georgetown, Ascension Island: Ascension Historical Association. 3772:

Barros, Faria, and Lavanha, Da Asia de João de Barro, I, book V, chapter X:466.

3394:

From 2017, the runway was becoming increasingly unserviceable and a mixture of

3259: 3201: 3080: 2953: 2883:

To date the UK Government has not responded to the committee's recommendation.

2872:

Global Britain and the British Overseas Territories: Resetting the relationship

2596: 2506: 2240: 2199: 2131: 1492: 1465: 1394: 1062: 1061:

from the island, connecting the UK with its colonies in South Africa. In 1922,

952: 905: 885: 623: 517: 304: 168: 147: 6114:"FOREIGN AFFAIRS COMMITTEE — SELECT COMMITTEE ANNOUNCEMENT (4 July 2008)" 725:, whereas it seems more likely that Albuquerque's ships sighted the island of 721:

Several references suggest the island was rediscovered and named Ascension by

9638: 9620: 9607: 9511: 9192: 9012: 8193: 8077: 5342: 5166: 5065: 5005: 4626:

The United States Air Force Eastern Test Range—Range Instrumentation Handbook

4559: 3511: 3037:

The main economic activity on the island is centred on the military bases at

2452: 1532: 1477: 1473: 1264: 1217: 1204: 1189: 1181: 881: 847: 696: 692: 650: 607: 521: 489: 228: 215: 7188:

CIA World Factbook entry about Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha

6440: 3331: 3029: 540:

archipelago, 2,000 miles (3,200 km) to the south, about halfway to the

9591: 9222: 8930: 8491: 8485: 8466: 8231: 7966: 7873: 7812: 7806: 7496: 7313: 7275: 6978:"Further St Helena Charter Flights Confirmed – Ascension Island Government" 6851: 3567: 3562: 3419: 3384: 2782: 2327: 2229: 2212: 2192: 1411:

List of mountains and hills of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha

1350: 1260: 1213: 1209: 1094: 956: 817: 788: 780: 762: 631: 619: 568: 548: 533: 6232: 430: 9556: 9516: 9471: 9413: 9339: 8835: 8736: 8547: 8151: 8051: 7766: 7760: 7083: 6637: 5714: 5234: 5131: 3360: 3247: 3147: 3091: 3045:

estate and facilities are managed by the infrastructure support provider

3006: 2789:. and was governed by St Helena, until it achieved its own Constitution. 2567: 2480: 2455:(5.6 km; 3.5 mi) from the coastline, has been identified as an 2394: 2390: 1440: 1423: 1357:. Per Section 143 of the Constitution Order 2009 the person appointed as 1272: 1118: 979:

laws of planetary motion, Gill conceived that in pioneering the use of a

932: 564: 289: 7130:

Wideawake Island. The Story of the BOU Centenary Expedition to Ascension

6755:"Atlantic runway reopens, increases U.S., British military capabilities" 6699: 3848: 3804: 3057:, which operates on an MOD resupply contract for both Ascension and the 2891: 761:. Mariners could hunt for the numerous seabirds and the enormous female 8612: 8593: 8336: 8115: 7734: 7651: 7214: 6032:"The St Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha Constitution Order 2009" 5078:

Lederer, S. M.; Stansbery, E. G.; Cowardin, H. M.; Hickson, P. (2019).

4774:

GCHQ: The Uncensored Story of Britain's Most Secret Intelligence Agency

3641:"The St Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha Constitution Order 2009" 3410:"combi" jets to maintain a twice monthly flight between the island and 3407: 2487:, but the species has been extinct since the early nineteenth century. 2476: 2386: 2374: 2354: 2269: 1363: 1256: 1173: 1098: 1008: 1003: 988: 980: 940: 913: 909: 869: 843: 734: 260: 7088: 5823: 5570: 5547: 5437: 3814:

Edzer Roukema, ‘Brazil in the Cantino Map’, Imago Mundi 17 (1963): 15.

3763:

Edzer Roukema, ‘Brazil in the Cantino Map’, Imago Mundi 17 (1963): 15

3300:) is the top division of football on Ascension Island. Three official 1031:

Between 1872 and 1889, the population of the island was listed as HMS

9536: 9258: 8111: 7860: 7644: 7004:"Airlink makes a return to St Helena from 26 March 2022 | FlyAirlink" 5158: 4686: 3380: 3131: 2555: 2425: 2338: 2311: 2282: 1343:

The St Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha Constitution Order 2009

1331: 917: 615: 425: 6783:"RAF Atlas C1 aircraft refuelled over South Atlantic for first time" 6006:"Ascension Island News for October 2015 from The Islander Newspaper" 5843:"Ascension Island News for October 2015 from The Islander Newspaper" 5411: 5343:"TCFAQ G6) Why doesn't the South Atlantic Ocean experience tropical" 3192:(owned by Vodafone since 2012) have communications posts there. The 2997:

Scouting and Guiding on Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha

2505:

announced that an area around Ascension Island was to become a huge

1476:

that cause extension and permit magma to rise passively up from the

1078: 555:

in 1503 is probably wrong, Ascension having been long confused with

9561: 9186: 9101: 8380: 8332: 8081: 8008: 7994: 7990: 7960: 7748: 6829:"Fascinating voyages on cargo ships, from Cape Town to the Pacific" 5442: 3197: 3002: 2323: 2277:, that has been found in caves and between lava blocks. In summer, 2224: 1500: 1496: 1177: 1155: 1020: 813: 484: 417: 6218: 3997:, as well as two other translations of the diary are available at 2126: 1287:, and providing a refuelling stop for the regular airlink between 854:, with the classification of "Sloop of War of the smaller class". 571:, it was an important naval and air station, especially providing 9371: 9095: 8428: 8388: 7981: 7738: 7697: 5064:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

4474: 3477: 3472: 3463: 3415: 3231: 3167: 3163: 3119: 2464: 2362: 2334: 2281:

are known to be a problem. The largest native land animal is the

2261: 2188: 1012: 513: 7256: 7183:

Ascension Island at Britlink – British Islands & Territories

3196:(ESA) also has a tracking station on the island that tracks the 2428:, and sea birds are now once again nesting on Ascension Island. 1481: 1121:. The event was commemorated with a postage stamp 15 June 1982. 54:

Constituent part of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha

9105: 8480: 8245: 8023: 7625: 7150: 6813:"AFIMSC completes largest runway construction project in years" 5980:"Island Council Election Results – Ascension Island Government" 5744: 5077: 3296:

The Ascension Island Football League (Officially registered as

3205: 3159: 3151: 2405:

became extinct around the beginning of the nineteenth century.

2370: 2315: 2307: 2265: 2253: 2249: 2204: 1488: 1125: 948: 944: 796: 715: 700: 642: 5872:"Letter and submission from Residents of the Ascension Island" 5594:"Scientists: Number of Green Turtles Increases More than 500%" 3246:

has a branch on the island; it holds an account with the UK's

3180:

Communications in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha

2294:). Offshore, there is a variety of open-ocean fish, including 746:

being granted to a nobleman, Belchior Camacho in 1539 by King

8606: 8328: 7800: 5232: 4743:"From Sheep to Sound Waves, the Data Confirms a Nuclear Test" 4741:

De Geer, Lars-Erik; Wright, Christopher (22 September 2019).

4348: 4026:"A History of Ascension Island – Ascension Island Government" 3155: 3143: 3139: 3127: 3123: 3071:

A secondary export is the international internet domain code

3046: 2973:, (ca. 1695 – probably end of 1724), a Dutch employee of the 2366: 2299: 2295: 1353:, with their own governments and established the position of 1026: 6948:"Titan Airways take medical staff and supplies to St Helena" 5378:. Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure. 4657: 8157: 6297:"Travel news, photos, flight status, trip booking and more" 6258:"Ascension | island, Atlantic Ocean | Britannica" 5954:"Ascension : Ascension Island Council Election - 2008" 5410:. Ministry of Energy, Utilities and Climate. Archived from 5080:

The NASA Meter Class Autonomous Telescope: Ascension Island

4452: 3803:

Side-by-side Easter calendar reference for the 16th century

3444: 3135: 2804:, who is in turn represented on the island by an appointed 2358: 2342: 2303: 2187:(Ascension Island parsley fern) was thought to have become 1436: 1376:

Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Climate Research Facility

1193: 984: 972: 861:

Royal Marine barracks (1830) in the former Royal Dockyard,

627: 5691: 4226: 4224: 4202:"Gill's Work on the Determination of the Solar Parallax". 4131:"Charles Darwin's ecological experiment on Ascension isle" 3041:, and the BBC World Service's Atlantic Relay station. The 1325:, continued to operate a signals interception facility at 4204:

Monthly Notes of the Astronomical Society of South Africa

3670: 3281:

Education in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha

3185: 3084: 3072: 2278: 2257: 1244: 983:, he would be able to accurately measure the position of 501: 6700:"RAF Flights Fly with the RAF and meet the RMS en route" 6534: 6166:"Ascension workers know the reality, says administrator" 5438:"Experts rediscover plant presumed extinct for 60 years" 3269:

British currency in the South Atlantic and the Antarctic

2916:(the main civilian settlement and capital of the island) 1070:

to represent the Governor of Saint Helena in Ascension.

9655:

Islands of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha

7084:

Correspondent's diary: Ascension Island | The Economist

4823:"Part 19. Ascension Island - Stepping Stone to Victory" 4221: 3379:, which travelled between Ascension, Saint Helena, and 3311:, but athletes from Ascension have participated on the 1267:. After strengthening and improving the structure, the 7210:

Detailed description of the BBC Atlantic Relay Station

7080:. Ascension Island: Ascension Island Heritage Society. 5129: 2268:. Endemic insect species include the minute, wingless 1349:

to equal constituent parts of the territory alongside

991:

is a telescope that uses a split image to measure the

951:

grew in profusion at the highest point of the island,

687:, not as Conception. Third, in 1503 a division of the 27:

British Overseas Territory in the South Atlantic Ocean

9211: 8344:. Iraq's mandate was not enacted and replaced by the 7215:

Army Ornithological Society Ascension Island Research

4749:. Washington, DC: FP Group, Graham Holdings Company. 3673:, (Disc 2 of DVD collection reproduction ca. 2007–08) 4104:. London England: HM Stationery Office. p. 700. 3487: 3315:

in the past, including swimmer Caroline Lawrence in

2412:

Male frigatebird with chick on Boatswain Bird Island

9705:

Former British colonies and protectorates in Africa

7070:

Turtle Island, a Journey to Britain's Oddest Colony

6379:"Welcome to Vodafone | Vodafone UK Enterprise" 5657:. Fauna & Flora International. pp. 20–22. 4123: 3307:Ascension Island does not have its own team in the 2952:

government put in place a policy that there is no "

512:is an isolated volcanic island, 7°56′ south of the 6827: 2983:(1860–1911), an English cricketer. He was born at 6732:Air Force Installation and Mission Support Center 6405:"International Telecommunication Union Directory" 5824:Ascension: Ascension Island Votes for Councillors 3592:"The Administrator – Ascension Island Government" 3097: 2467:. Birds for which the IBA is significant include 795:, set ashore at Clarence Bay as a punishment for 9636: 6912:"Air Services to St Helena and Ascention Island" 6638:"Ascension: The increasingly unreachable island" 4911:"NASA Range Safety Program – 2007 Annual Report" 4879:"NASA Range Safety Program – 2007 Annual Report" 4453:Ascension Island Government (20 October 2019). 4417: 4415: 3916:Ascension – The Story of a South Atlantic Island 3425:) supply ship regularly serviced US facilities. 2416:Off the east coast of Ascension is the islet of 1427:An enlargeable, detailed map of Ascension Island 7064:Ascension, the story of a South Atlantic island 6464:"FAR AWAY FOOTBALL: THE SOUTH ATLANTIC ISLANDS" 5646:Ratcliffe, Norman; et al. (January 2010). 4841: 4673:(4). Acoustical Society of America: 2330–2342. 4496:. California United States: Maritime Heritage. 4069:"Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha" 2424:, the main island was in 2006 declared free of 6727:"Atlantic runway repair reaches halfway point" 5690:. BirdLife International. 2012. Archived from 3614:. St Helena Government. June 2016. p. 9. 3418:for the use of its personnel only, while the ( 2483:. The island was formerly home to the endemic 1551:Climate data for Georgetown, Ascension Island 1049:In 1899, as part of the British effort in the 699:, which fell on 20 May in 1501, 39 days after 9387: 8871: 7544: 7242: 6631: 6629: 6607:. Ascension Island Government. Archived from 4740: 4412: 3659: 3335:Satellite picture of Ascension Island in 2010 3219:and television services for the US military. 2932:(the United States's main base on the island) 2758: 2207:. Flanking one side is a large stand of tall 1167: 884:was based at Ascension from 1823 and Colonel 872:station for ships, particularly those of the 614:(GPS) navigational system (the others are on 146:Location of Ascension Island in the southern 9306:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha 9289:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 9167:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 7258:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha 7156:Ascension Government Conservation Department 5539: 5462: 4667:Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 4487: 3959:A Dutch castaway on Ascension Island in 1725 3944:A Dutch Castaway on Ascension Island in 1725 3940:Reise durch die Sued-Laender und um die Welt 3603: 3601: 2857: 2792:Executive authority is ultimately vested in 2357:or "wideawake birds" nest in great seashore 1338:minerals, though none are thought to exist. 594:rocket tracking station, a British-American 530:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha 7198: 6819: 6321: 5715:"Ascension Island to become marine reserve" 5499: 5497: 4849:"Settlers wanted for a quiet life. No rush" 4521: 4519: 4517: 4515: 3471:and South African government response, the 2333:On land are found such non-native birds as 1086:The Island was under direct control of the 967:Beginning in July 1877, the astronomer Sir 962: 9700:English-speaking countries and territories 9685:States and territories established in 1922 9680:States and territories established in 1815 9394: 9380: 8878: 8864: 7551: 7537: 7249: 7235: 6626: 6518:. Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. 6492:. Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. 4386: 3913: 3907: 3553:Index of Ascension Island–related articles 2765: 2751: 1105:, was unexpectedly visited by two British 1027:End of Admiralty rule and early government 9695:1922 establishments in the British Empire 7089:Official Ascension Island Government site 7077:Ascension Island and the Second World War 6894:"Air services to St Helena and Ascension" 5866: 5864: 5706: 5645: 5569: 5110: 4714: 4178: 4152: 4099: 3598: 2422:Royal Society for the Protection of Birds 559:. Ascension Island was garrisoned by the 8350:Legitimacy of territorial establishment 7166: 6752: 6724: 6718: 6635: 5771:"Ascension Island Marine Protected Area" 5745:"Ascension Island Marine Protected Area" 5712: 5505:"Bermuda Conference, Procedure Point 5b" 5494: 5033: 5031: 4512: 4382: 4380: 3685:"Searching for "Space Junk" in Paradise" 3330: 3262:rather than the Saint Helena pound. The 3204:rockets shortly after their launch from 3101: 3028: 2890: 2815: 2490: 2435: 2407: 2239: 2125: 1505: 1422: 1414: 1306: 1077: 1039:, estimated to number just 150 in 1888. 856: 689:4th Portuguese India Armada (Gama, 1502) 677:Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary 641: 9665:Islands of British Overseas Territories 5684:"Ascension Island: mainland and stacks" 5548:"Population structure of the land crab 4801:. New York: Random House. p. 168. 4796: 4771: 3448:operation. Traffic drives on the left. 3237: 3090:As of February 2021, there was no 2777:Ascension had formed part of a British 2663:Judicial Committee of the Privy Council 2145:The endemic flora includes plants like 1435:, much of the island is a wasteland of 1302: 1128:based at Wideawake were engaged in the 1053:, the Eastern Telegraph Company (later 807: 779:, sank in the common anchoring spot in 733:who stated that when the ships reached 14: 9637: 9335:Historical flags of the British Empire 9319:Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1985 7144: 7044:from the original on 18 September 2010 7030: 6891: 6780: 6490:"Ascension Island - List of Champions" 6094:from the original on 25 September 2008 5861: 5749:Ascension Island Marine Protected Area 5263:from the original on 26 September 2021 4554: 4552: 4550: 4548: 4546: 4544: 4330:from the original on 15 September 2022 4324:"Maritime Heritage - Ascension Island" 4294:"Sir David Gill | Scottish astronomer" 4114: 4063: 4061: 4059: 4057: 4055: 4053: 4051: 4049: 4047: 4006:from the original on 15 September 2022 3832: 3682: 3667:Volume-10 "Beneath the Southern Cross" 2497:Ascension Island Marine Protected Area 1229:Government Communications Headquarters 1082:Ascension Island viewed from the south 9375: 9210: 9122: 8859: 8368: 8040: 7715: 7608: 7532: 7230: 6862:from the original on 31 December 2019 6840:from the original on 11 January 2022. 6825: 6706:from the original on 26 December 2019 6648:from the original on 25 February 2018 6038:from the original on 22 December 2021 5934:from the original on 20 November 2018 5627:from the original on 22 December 2021 5283:"The South Equatorial Current System" 5028: 4941: 4829:from the original on 12 December 2016 4639:from the original on 27 February 2021 4574:from the original on 20 February 2018 4421: 4377: 4141:from the original on 1 September 2010 3955: 3918:. Merlin Unwin Books. pp. 9–12. 2385:, by the inhabitants of the island), 1317:As of 2004, it was reported that the 1037:Commander-in-Chief, Cape of Good Hope 675:has long celebrated the feast of the 9670:Important Bird Areas of Saint Helena 7178:Colonial History of Ascension Island 6958:from the original on 23 October 2020 6928:from the original on 29 January 2021 6680:from the original on 13 January 2020 6461: 6172:from the original on 1 December 2017 5664:from the original on 6 November 2018 5482:from the original on 26 January 2020 5435: 4986:from the original on 30 October 2020 4753:from the original on 7 December 2019 4696:from the original on 17 October 2020 4622: 4604:from the original on 7 December 2020 4562:The island where nothing makes sense 4500:from the original on 19 October 2018 4262:"National Protected Areas Ordinance" 3621:from the original on 17 October 2016 3458:Following the retirement of the RMS 3369:Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom) 3319:and marathon runner Errol Duncan in 3313:Saint Helena Commonwealth Games team 820:to the southeast. On 22 October the 9660:Islands of the South Atlantic Ocean 9146:Saint Andrew and Providence Islands 7989:. British Cameroons is now part of 6753:Cisneros, Mila (8 September 2022). 6470:from the original on 22 August 2017 6068:from the original on 19 August 2021 5882:from the original on 3 October 2017 5725:from the original on 3 January 2016 5214:from the original on 5 January 2018 4954:from the original on 31 August 2008 4660:"The Heard Island Feasibility Test" 4541: 4533:. Mysterra Magazine. Archived from 4434:from the original on 4 January 2022 4274:from the original on 1 October 2019 4242:from the original on 1 October 2019 4044: 4032:from the original on 9 October 2020 3691:from the original on 15 August 2016 3462:in 2018, the South African airline 3217:British Forces Broadcasting Service 2944:(with the Royal Air Force station). 134:Topographic map of Ascension Island 24: 9401: 8005:unilaterally declared independence 7700:1708–1757, 1763–1782 and 1798–1802 7024: 6673:. AW Ship Management. p. 18. 6636:Leithead, Alastair (4 July 2017). 6522:from the original on 28 March 2022 5713:Harrabin, Roger (3 January 2016). 5600:from the original on 8 August 2014 5353:from the original on 27 March 2015 5196: 5111:Rawlinson, Kevin (7 August 2023). 5049:from the original on 18 March 2021 4916:. NASA. p. 62. Archived from 4884:. NASA. p. 60. Archived from 4465:from the original on 11 March 2022 4081:from the original on 18 March 2021 3781:Góis, Chronica do serenissimo, 84. 3647:from the original on 12 March 2010 1372:United States Department of Energy 1035:(Tender), under the orders of the 25: 9721: 9212:Antarctica and the South Atlantic 9191:Occupied by Argentina during the 9123: 8369: 7139: 6984:from the original on 1 March 2021 6322:Ella Morton (19 September 2014). 5618: 5517:from the original on 14 June 2007 5450:from the original on 17 July 2010 5385:from the original on 19 July 2019 5204:"The geology of Ascension Island" 5184:from the original on 9 March 2020 4859:from the original on 1 March 2016 4304:from the original on 3 April 2019 3976:from the original on 13 July 2021 3173: 2964: 2811: 2629:Administrator of Ascension Island 1334:includes a station on Ascension. 1161:during a refit in Malta in 1938. 9355: 9346: 9345: 8758:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 6996: 6970: 6940: 6904: 6885: 6844: 6826:Trend, Nick (16 February 2021). 6805: 6774: 6746: 6692: 6660: 6594: 6560: 6508: 6496:from the original on 17 May 2021 6482: 6462:Knox, Tomos (15 November 2014). 6455: 6429: 6417:from the original on 4 July 2015 6397: 6371: 6346: 6315: 6289: 6268: 6250: 6140:"Letter's To FCO From Cyril Leo" 6120:from the original on 31 May 2011 5795: 5059: 5016:from the original on 7 July 2016 4488:Blethen Levy, Dianne A. (2017). 4424:"1899 St Helena-Cape Town Cable" 4180:10.1046/j.0305-0270.2003.01010.x 3962:. Alex Ritsema. pp. 48–56. 3532: 3518: 3504: 3490: 2540: 706:Two sources, a letter from King 524:. It is governed as part of the 161: 140: 128: 101: 75: 64: 7056: 6760:Wright-Patterson Air Force Base 6725:Cisneros, Mila (2 March 2022). 6225: 6203: 6184: 6158: 6132: 6106: 6080: 6050: 6024: 5998: 5972: 5946: 5920: 5894: 5835: 5816: 5789: 5763: 5737: 5676: 5639: 5612: 5586: 5529: 5436:Gill, Victoria (24 June 2010). 5429: 5397: 5365: 5335: 5323:from the original on 7 May 2016 5305: 5293:from the original on 5 May 2016 5275: 5226: 5123: 5104: 5071: 4998: 4966: 4935: 4903: 4871: 4815: 4790: 4765: 4734: 4708: 4651: 4616: 4586: 4481: 4446: 4342: 4316: 4286: 4254: 4195: 4108: 4093: 4077:. Central Intelligence Agency. 4018: 3988: 3949: 3932: 3898: 3889: 3877: 3866: 3841: 3826: 3817: 3808: 3797: 3786: 3775: 3766: 3757: 3746: 3683:Garcia, Mark (11 August 2016). 3665:Victory at Sea (Series title), 3264:coins of the Saint Helena pound 3066:Ascension Island postage stamps 2886: 2677:Magistrates and Juvenile Courts 2163:as well as the extinct species 2102:Danish Meteorological Institute 1345:elevated Ascension Island, and 1243:monitoring facility there. The 1188:uses the island as part of its 1073: 1011:sailor (known at the time as a 927:In 1843, botanist and explorer 685:ilha achada e chamada Ascenssam 370:88 km (34 sq mi) 9254:Australian Antarctic Territory 8110:since 1965 (before as part of 8107:British Indian Ocean Territory 7993:, while Tanganyika is part of 7624:since 1960 (before as part of 7205:Rocket launches from Ascension 7040:, Cambridge University Press, 6191:The Ascension Island Newspaper 5688:Important Bird Areas factsheet 5085:(Report). NASA. Archived from 4942:Lewis, Paul (28 August 2008). 4623:Cone, Bruce E. (1 July 1976). 4367:10.1080/00253359.2001.10656807 3735: 3724: 3713: 3703: 3676: 3633: 3609:"Census 2016 – summary report" 3584: 3190:Cable & Wireless Worldwide 3098:Tourism and related industries 2117:Ascension scrub and grasslands 1443:; forty-four distinct dormant 1319:Composite Signals Organisation 1201:Missile Impact Location System 1059:submarine communications cable 975:occurring that year. Based on 582:The island is the location of 547:The discovery of Ascension by 13: 1: 9690:1922 establishments in Africa 9650:Volcanoes of Ascension Island 7037:Charles Darwin's Beagle Diary 6781:Varley, Len (1 August 2022). 5777:. Ascension Island Government 5557:Journal of Crustacean Biology 5317:oceancurrents.rsmas.miami.edu 5287:oceancurrents.rsmas.miami.edu 3578: 3298:Ascension Island Championship 2523: 1880:Average rainfall mm (inches) 1529:Köppen climate classification 1384:Air Force Research Laboratory 1152:BL 5.5 inch Mark I naval guns 888:became the first commandant. 9506:British Nationals (Overseas) 7565:British Overseas Territories 6299:. MSN Travel. Archived from 6211:"News from Ascension Island" 5208:Ascension Island Volcanology 4422:Burns, Bill (22 July 2018). 4153:Wilkinson, David M. (2003). 4000:"The MAN and other families" 3938:see Carl Friedrich Behrens, 3326: 3274: 2985:Georgetown, Ascension Island 2909:There are five settlements: 2796:, who is represented by the 2533:Politics of Ascension Island 2431: 2130:The island viewed from atop 1404: 657: 532:, of which the main island, 338:National representation 18:Politics of Ascension Island 7: 9281:British Antarctic Territory 8991:Western Pacific Territories 8885: 7460:Edinburgh of the Seven Seas 7161:Ascension Island Newsletter 7151:Ascension Island Government 4715:NOAA AOML (February 1993). 4392:"Mother Earth Mother Board" 3853:Ascension Island Government 3548:Outline of Ascension Island 3483: 3405:Air Transport International 1740:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1670:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 1457:Geology of Ascension Island 1259:used Ascension Island as a 846:designated the island as a 10: 9726: 9577:Turks and Caicos Islanders 9019:Gilbert and Ellice Islands 8436:British Arctic Territories 7716: 7609: 6858:. AW Shipping Management. 6602:"Information for Aviators" 6062:publications.parliament.uk 5902:"Ascension Island Council" 5876:publications.parliament.uk 4400:. Vol. 4, no. 12 3343:Poor runway conditions at 3278: 3224:international calling code 3177: 3064:The main export items are 3024: 3021:is the official language. 2994: 2990: 2922:(a civilian village, with 2820:Ascension Government House 2800:. The Governor resides in 2494: 2264:consist of two species of 2114: 2110: 2099: 2091: 1550: 1514: 1454: 1450: 1408: 1168:Later military involvement 637: 526:British Overseas Territory 378:859 m (2,818 ft) 183:Dependency of Saint Helena 29: 9437: 9409: 9330: 9299: 9259:Commonwealth of Australia 9217: 9206: 9177: 9129: 9118: 9084: 8891: 8855: 8661:Newfoundland and Labrador 8375: 8364: 8342:League of Nations mandate 8323: 8047: 8036: 8017:Lancaster House Agreement 7987:League of Nations mandate 7976: 7722: 7711: 7615: 7604: 7571: 7510: 7430: 7367: 7274: 7264: 7173:Live Web Cam of Ascension 7074:Mitchell, David F. 2010. 6466:. thesefootballtimes.co. 4974:"2009 Constitution Order" 4772:Aldrich, Richard (2010). 4232:"Six Months in Ascension" 3914:Hart-Davis, Duff (2016). 3291: 3222:Ascension Island has the 3033:View of "The Pier" (1938) 2906:is made up of 17 staff. 2858:Relationship to St Helena 2615:Responsible Minister (UK) 2274:Troglotroctes ashmoleorum 2044: 1996: 1949: 1879: 1809: 1739: 1669: 1599: 1594: 1591: 1588: 1585: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1573: 1570: 1567: 1564: 1561: 1558: 1555: 1186:United States Space Force 1116:Consolidated PBY Catalina 916:islands, rats, mice, and 891: 649:discovered the island on 612:Global Positioning System 495: 483: 471: 459: 449: 441: 424: 409: 405:9.15/km (23.7/sq mi) 399: 389: 382: 374: 364: 357: 342: 337: 327: 323: 310: 295: 280: 276: 254: 244: 200: 190: 182: 174: 154: 139: 127: 90: 60: 51: 44: 9462:British Virgin Islanders 8789:Turks and Caicos Islands 8096:(protectorate) 1907–1949 8041: 7668:(integrated into the UK) 7440:Governor (Administrator) 7377:Governor (Administrator) 7199:Associated Organisations 7100:Global Volcanism Program 6879:28 December 2019 at the 6668:"RMS St Helena Brochure" 6437:"the Bank of St. Helena" 6354:"Ascension Island eVisa" 5254:10.1093/petrology/egz037 4494:www.maritimeheritage.org 3946:(2010), pp. 26, 115–117. 3412:Patrick Space Force Base 3094:presence on the island. 2975:Dutch East India Company 2640:Ascension Island Council 2235: 2166:Oldenlandia adscensionis 2121: 1541:South Equatorial Current 1359:Governor of Saint Helena 1233:National Security Agency 1055:Cable & Wireless plc 963:Astronomical observation 9072:1919–1942 and 1945–1968 8897:18th and 19th centuries 8713:Queen Charlotte Islands 8673:North-Western Territory 8645:1665–1674 and 1702–1776 8248:1781–1784 and 1795–1819 7913:1923–1965 and 1979–1980 7596:Commonwealth of Nations 7105:Smithsonian Institution 6892:Government, St Helena. 6516:"Ascension Island 2018" 6358:www.ascension-visas.com 4797:Bamford, James (2008). 4776:. London: HarperPress. 4298:Encyclopedia Britannica 4159:Journal of Biogeography 3956:Alex., Ritsema (2010). 2840: 2802:Jamestown, Saint Helena 2514:Exclusive Economic Zone 2463:as a breeding site for 2134:, looking West towards 1367:Governor of Ascension. 1103:Army Corps of Engineers 838:claimed the island for 588:Royal Air Force station 391:• 2016 census 271:constitutional monarchy 39:Place in United Kingdom 9424:English-speaking world 8822:West Indies Federation 8011:) and continued as an 7594:Current member of the 6702:. AW Ship Management. 5405:"STATIONSNUMMER 61902" 5313:"The Benguela Current" 3835:The Ascension Handbook 3391:to passenger flights. 3336: 3107: 3034: 2938:(Royal Air Force base) 2899: 2881: 2821: 2475:(an endemic breeder), 2473:Ascension frigatebirds 2469:red-billed tropicbirds 2461:BirdLife International 2441: 2413: 2365:include some types of 2252:have been introduced: 2245: 2178:Dryopteris ascensionis 2142: 2094:Deutscher Wetterdienst 1511: 1447:have been identified. 1428: 1420: 1314: 1140:German submarine 1112:anti-submarine warfare 1083: 1057:) installed the first 955:, creating a tropical 865: 654: 577:Battle of the Atlantic 375:Highest elevation 203:and largest settlement 8744:Saint Kitts and Nevis 8015:state until the 1979 7621:Akrotiri and Dhekelia 7193:Google Satellite View 7167:History and Geography 6168:. 16 September 2013. 5550:Johngarthia lagostoma 4950:. London. p. 1. 3833:Packer, J.E. (1983). 3540:British Empire portal 3526:United Kingdom portal 3438:Voyager KC.2 aircraft 3434:21st Airlift Squadron 3387:until the opening of 3363:aircraft operated by 3334: 3208:in French Guiana and 3194:European Space Agency 3105: 3032: 2894: 2876: 2819: 2798:Governor of Ascension 2518:Marine Protected Area 2491:Marine Protected Area 2446:Boatswain Bird Island 2439: 2418:Boatswain Bird Island 2411: 2399:Ascension frigatebird 2287:Johngarthia lagostoma 2243: 2184:Anogramma ascensionis 2160:Euphorbia origanoides 2154:Asplenium ascensionis 2129: 1509: 1426: 1418: 1355:Governor of Ascension 1310: 1255:In 1982, the British 1237:European Space Agency 1081: 922:René Primevère Lesson 860: 723:Afonso de Albuquerque 645: 592:European Space Agency 573:antisubmarine warfare 553:Afonso de Albuquerque 9527:New Forest Commoners 9272:Realm of New Zealand 9270:(transferred to the 9257:(transferred to the 9090:Realm of New Zealand 8691:Prince Edward Island 8569:1671–1816, 1833–1960 7417:RAF Ascension Island 7359:Saint Helena Airport 7220:2 March 2012 at the 7132:. Hutchinson: London 6898:St helena government 6283:Ascension Government 6196:23 July 2011 at the 5829:16 July 2011 at the 5552:on Ascension Island" 5242:Journal of Petrology 4923:on 11 September 2008 4891:on 11 September 2008 4355:The Mariner's Mirror 4137:. 1 September 2010. 3558:Diocese of St Helena 3451:The cargo vessel MV 3430:C-17 Globemaster III 3345:RAF Ascension Island 3238:Banking and currency 2904:RAF Ascension Island 2709:RAF Ascension Island 2501:In January 2016 the 2292:Gecarcinus lagostoma 1600:Record high °C (°F) 1510:Black volcanic rocks 1312:RAF Ascension Island 1303:Twenty-first century 1291:in Oxfordshire, and 1285:RAF Ascension Island 1281:Operation Black Buck 1271:deployed a fleet of 876:working against the 874:West Africa Squadron 808:Organised settlement 748:João III of Portugal 708:Manuel I of Portugal 596:signals intelligence 584:RAF Ascension Island 518:South Atlantic Ocean 192:Current constitution 9617: / 9472:Chagossians (Îlois) 9452:Ascension Islanders 9303:Since 2009 part of 9195:of April–June 1982. 8782:Trinidad and Tobago 8396:Antigua and Barbuda 8296:Straits Settlements 7475:Nightingale Islands 7470:Inaccessible Island 7294:Legislative Council 7145:News and Government 7126:Stonehouse, Bernard 6793:on 25 December 2022 5986:on 18 December 2019 5960:on 20 November 2018 5908:on 10 February 2008 5878:. 12 October 2007. 5210:. 25 October 2017. 5151:2018Geo....46.1035P 4679:1994ASAJ...96.2330M 4537:on 27 October 2010. 4527:"Ascension History" 4238:. 6 February 2017. 4216:1943MNSSA...2...85. 4171:2004JBiog..31....1W 3669:1952 production of 3043:Ministry of Defence 2971:Leendert Hasenbosch 2457:Important Bird Area 2148:Pteris adscensionis 1950:Average rainy days 1810:Record low °C (°F) 1527:, according to the 1277:Handley Page Victor 904:visited Ascension. 793:Leendert Hasenbosch 737:it was decided to “ 681:Cantino Planisphere 225: / 9710:Mid-Atlantic Ridge 9582:Ulster Protestants 9542:Pitcairn Islanders 9487:Falkland Islanders 8455:Cape Breton Island 8346:Anglo-Iraqi Treaty 8188:Unfederated States 8003:Southern Rhodesia 7590:Commonwealth realm 7490:Stoltenhoff Island 7480:Nightingale Island 7008:www.flyairlink.com 6919:sainthelena.gov.sh 6856:St Helena Shipping 6583:on 3 November 2010 6546:insidethegames.biz 6262:www.britannica.com 6221:on 17 August 2019. 5751:. Ascension Island 5417:on 16 January 2013 4428:Atlantic-Cable.com 4373:on 17 August 2021. 4236:American Scientist 4074:The World Factbook 3365:AirTanker Services 3357:RAF Mount Pleasant 3337: 3309:Commonwealth Games 3252:Saint Helena pound 3244:Bank of St. Helena 3108: 3039:Wideawake Airfield 3035: 2942:Wideawake Airfield 2900: 2851:Queen Elizabeth II 2822: 2779:overseas territory 2714:Saint Helena Pound 2442: 2414: 2256:, sheep, cats and 2246: 2220:Prosopis juliflora 2143: 1521:hot desert climate 1512: 1463:Mid-Atlantic Ridge 1433:Mid-Atlantic Ridge 1429: 1421: 1399:Rwanda asylum plan 1315: 1293:RAF Mount Pleasant 1088:Board of Admiralty 1084: 993:angular separation 912:imported from the 866: 825:-class brig-sloops 768:In February 1701, 731:Giovanni da Empoli 655: 414:Saint Helena pound 245:Official languages 175:British settlement 9600: 9599: 9572:Tristan Islanders 9369: 9368: 9326: 9325: 9202: 9201: 9134:Providence Island 9114: 9113: 9079: 9078: 8947:Western Australia 8915:Van Diemen's Land 8851: 8850: 8828:Associated States 8526:Columbia District 8360: 8359: 8214:Manila and Cavite 8032: 8031: 7911:Southern Rhodesia 7905:South-West Africa 7855:Northern Rhodesia 7767:Cape of Good Hope 7707: 7706: 7584:Current territory 7526: 7525: 7062:Duff Hart-Davis, 6954:. 21 April 2020. 6921:. February 2018. 6874:Routes and Prices 6548:. 30 October 2012 5804:on 1 October 2019 5596:. 2 August 2014. 5571:10.1651/08-2992.1 5347:www.aoml.noaa.gov 5145:(12): 1035–1038. 5092:on 18 August 2021 4825:. Naval History. 4598:Stars and Stripes 4570:. 19 April 2016. 4390:(December 1996). 3925:978-1-910723-32-6 3469:COVID-19 pandemic 3389:St Helena Airport 3367:on behalf of the 3258:however uses the 2981:William Delacombe 2775: 2774: 2724:Two Boats Village 2136:Two Boats Village 2107: 2106: 1999:relative humidity 977:Johannes Kepler's 752:British Admiralty 600:BBC World Service 598:facility and the 561:British Admiralty 507: 506: 264:locally governing 186:12 September 1922 120: 96:God Save the King 32:Ascension Islands 16:(Redirected from 9717: 9675:Seabird colonies 9645:Ascension Island 9632: 9631: 9629: 9628: 9627: 9622: 9621:7.933°S 14.367°W 9618: 9615: 9614: 9613: 9610: 9429:British diaspora 9419:English language 9396: 9389: 9382: 9373: 9372: 9359: 9349: 9348: 9314:Antarctic Treaty 9275: 9262: 9247:Falkland Islands 9239:Tristan da Cunha 9231:Ascension Island 9208: 9207: 9159:Falkland Islands 9120: 9119: 9088:Now part of the 8960:Pitcairn Islands 8925:Auckland Islands 8894: 8893: 8880: 8873: 8866: 8857: 8856: 8842:Windward Islands 8796:Vancouver Island 8573:MassachusettsBay 8442:British Columbia 8366: 8365: 8182:Federated States 8038: 8037: 7948:Tristan da Cunha 7917:Southern Nigeria 7849:Northern Nigeria 7728:Ascension Island 7713: 7712: 7669: 7606: 7605: 7580:Former territory 7577: 7553: 7546: 7539: 7530: 7529: 7432:Tristan da Cunha 7369:Ascension Island 7329:Half Tree Hollow 7251: 7244: 7237: 7228: 7227: 7118:Sanders, Sarah, 7115: 7113: 7111: 7052: 7051: 7049: 7019: 7018: 7016: 7014: 7000: 6994: 6993: 6991: 6989: 6974: 6968: 6967: 6965: 6963: 6944: 6938: 6937: 6935: 6933: 6927: 6916: 6908: 6902: 6901: 6889: 6883: 6871: 6869: 6867: 6848: 6842: 6841: 6831: 6823: 6817: 6816: 6809: 6803: 6802: 6800: 6798: 6789:. Archived from 6778: 6772: 6771: 6769: 6767: 6750: 6744: 6743: 6741: 6739: 6722: 6716: 6715: 6713: 6711: 6696: 6690: 6689: 6687: 6685: 6679: 6672: 6664: 6658: 6657: 6655: 6653: 6633: 6624: 6623: 6621: 6619: 6613: 6606: 6598: 6592: 6591: 6590: 6588: 6582: 6575: 6564: 6558: 6557: 6555: 6553: 6538: 6532: 6531: 6529: 6527: 6512: 6506: 6505: 6503: 6501: 6486: 6480: 6479: 6477: 6475: 6459: 6453: 6452: 6450: 6448: 6439:. Archived from 6433: 6427: 6426: 6424: 6422: 6416: 6409: 6401: 6395: 6394: 6392: 6390: 6381:. Archived from 6375: 6369: 6368: 6366: 6364: 6350: 6344: 6343: 6341: 6339: 6330:. Archived from 6319: 6313: 6312: 6310: 6308: 6293: 6287: 6286: 6285:. February 2021. 6280: 6272: 6266: 6265: 6254: 6248: 6247: 6245: 6243: 6229: 6223: 6222: 6217:. Archived from 6207: 6201: 6188: 6182: 6181: 6179: 6177: 6162: 6156: 6155: 6153: 6151: 6142:. Archived from 6136: 6130: 6129: 6127: 6125: 6110: 6104: 6103: 6101: 6099: 6084: 6078: 6077: 6075: 6073: 6054: 6048: 6047: 6045: 6043: 6028: 6022: 6021: 6019: 6017: 6008:. Archived from 6002: 5996: 5995: 5993: 5991: 5982:. Archived from 5976: 5970: 5969: 5967: 5965: 5956:. Archived from 5950: 5944: 5943: 5941: 5939: 5924: 5918: 5917: 5915: 5913: 5904:. Archived from 5898: 5892: 5891: 5889: 5887: 5868: 5859: 5858: 5856: 5854: 5849:on 22 April 2016 5845:. Archived from 5839: 5833: 5820: 5814: 5813: 5811: 5809: 5800:. Archived from 5796:Bain, Alasdair. 5793: 5787: 5786: 5784: 5782: 5775:ascension.gov.ac 5767: 5761: 5760: 5758: 5756: 5741: 5735: 5734: 5732: 5730: 5710: 5704: 5703: 5701: 5699: 5680: 5674: 5673: 5671: 5669: 5663: 5652: 5643: 5637: 5636: 5634: 5632: 5616: 5610: 5609: 5607: 5605: 5590: 5584: 5583: 5573: 5543: 5537: 5533: 5527: 5526: 5524: 5522: 5516: 5509: 5501: 5492: 5491: 5489: 5487: 5481: 5474: 5466: 5460: 5459: 5457: 5455: 5433: 5427: 5426: 5424: 5422: 5416: 5409: 5401: 5395: 5394: 5392: 5390: 5384: 5377: 5369: 5363: 5362: 5360: 5358: 5339: 5333: 5332: 5330: 5328: 5309: 5303: 5302: 5300: 5298: 5279: 5273: 5272: 5270: 5268: 5262: 5248:(8): 1489–1522. 5239: 5230: 5224: 5223: 5221: 5219: 5200: 5194: 5193: 5191: 5189: 5183: 5159:10.1130/G45415.1 5136: 5127: 5121: 5120: 5108: 5102: 5101: 5099: 5097: 5091: 5084: 5075: 5069: 5063: 5062: 5058: 5056: 5054: 5035: 5026: 5025: 5023: 5021: 5002: 4996: 4995: 4993: 4991: 4985: 4978: 4970: 4964: 4963: 4961: 4959: 4939: 4933: 4932: 4930: 4928: 4922: 4915: 4907: 4901: 4900: 4898: 4896: 4890: 4883: 4875: 4869: 4868: 4866: 4864: 4855:. 5 April 2004. 4845: 4839: 4838: 4836: 4834: 4819: 4813: 4812: 4794: 4788: 4787: 4769: 4763: 4762: 4760: 4758: 4738: 4732: 4731: 4729: 4727: 4721: 4712: 4706: 4705: 4703: 4701: 4695: 4687:10.1121/1.410105 4664: 4655: 4649: 4648: 4646: 4644: 4638: 4631: 4620: 4614: 4613: 4611: 4609: 4590: 4584: 4583: 4581: 4579: 4564:, 19 April 2016" 4556: 4539: 4538: 4523: 4510: 4509: 4507: 4505: 4485: 4479: 4478: 4472: 4470: 4450: 4444: 4443: 4441: 4439: 4419: 4410: 4409: 4407: 4405: 4388:Stephenson, Neal 4384: 4375: 4374: 4369:. Archived from 4346: 4340: 4339: 4337: 4335: 4320: 4314: 4313: 4311: 4309: 4290: 4284: 4283: 4281: 4279: 4273: 4266: 4258: 4252: 4251: 4249: 4247: 4228: 4219: 4218: 4199: 4193: 4192: 4182: 4150: 4148: 4146: 4127: 4121: 4112: 4106: 4105: 4097: 4091: 4090: 4088: 4086: 4065: 4042: 4041: 4039: 4037: 4022: 4016: 4015: 4013: 4011: 3992: 3986: 3985: 3983: 3981: 3953: 3947: 3936: 3930: 3929: 3911: 3905: 3902: 3896: 3893: 3887: 3881: 3875: 3870: 3864: 3863: 3861: 3859: 3845: 3839: 3838: 3830: 3824: 3821: 3815: 3812: 3806: 3801: 3795: 3790: 3784: 3779: 3773: 3770: 3764: 3761: 3755: 3750: 3744: 3739: 3733: 3728: 3722: 3717: 3711: 3707: 3701: 3700: 3698: 3696: 3680: 3674: 3663: 3657: 3656: 3654: 3652: 3637: 3631: 3630: 3628: 3626: 3620: 3613: 3605: 3596: 3595: 3588: 3573:Tristan da Cunha 3542: 3537: 3536: 3535: 3528: 3523: 3522: 3521: 3514: 3509: 3508: 3507: 3500: 3498:Geography portal 3495: 3494: 3493: 3353:Falkland Islands 3349:RAF Brize Norton 3286:Two Boats School 3256:Tristan da Cunha 3059:Falkland Islands 2936:Traveller's Hill 2794:King Charles III 2787:Tristan da Cunha 2767: 2760: 2753: 2705: 2658:Attorney General 2604:Plantation House 2544: 2528: 2527: 2172:Sporobolus durus 1953: 1548: 1547: 1537:Benguela Current 1519:Ascension has a 1419:Comfortless Cove 1347:Tristan da Cunha 1297:Falkland Islands 1289:RAF Brize Norton 1239:now operates an 1107:Fairey Swordfish 1015:) and a marine. 1000:orographic cloud 880:. A garrison of 791:ship's officer, 759:Portuguese Crown 604:British military 542:Antarctic Circle 538:Tristan da Cunha 510:Ascension Island 240: 239: 237: 236: 235: 230: 229:7.933°S 14.417°W 226: 223: 222: 221: 218: 196:1 September 2009 167: 165: 164: 144: 132: 122: 121: 79: 68: 46:Ascension Island 42: 41: 21: 9725: 9724: 9720: 9719: 9718: 9716: 9715: 9714: 9635: 9634: 9626:-7.933; -14.367 9625: 9623: 9619: 9616: 9611: 9608: 9606: 9604: 9603: 9601: 9596: 9547:Saint Helenians 9433: 9405: 9400: 9370: 9365: 9322: 9295: 9269: 9267:Ross Dependency 9256: 9213: 9198: 9173: 9125: 9110: 9080: 9075: 9031: 9026:Solomon Islands 8973:North Australia 8953:South Australia 8909:New South Wales 8887: 8884: 8847: 8567:Leeward Islands 8371: 8356: 8319: 8226:Muscat and Oman 8043: 8028: 7972: 7718: 7703: 7667: 7611: 7600: 7575: 7567: 7557: 7527: 7522: 7506: 7426: 7407:Travellers Hill 7363: 7270: 7260: 7255: 7222:Wayback Machine 7201: 7169: 7147: 7142: 7109: 7107: 7093: 7068:Sergio Ghione, 7059: 7047: 7045: 7032:Keynes, Richard 7027: 7025:Further reading 7022: 7012: 7010: 7002: 7001: 6997: 6987: 6985: 6976: 6975: 6971: 6961: 6959: 6946: 6945: 6941: 6931: 6929: 6925: 6914: 6910: 6909: 6905: 6890: 6886: 6881:Wayback Machine 6865: 6863: 6850: 6849: 6845: 6824: 6820: 6811: 6810: 6806: 6796: 6794: 6787:Aviation Source 6779: 6775: 6765: 6763: 6751: 6747: 6737: 6735: 6723: 6719: 6709: 6707: 6698: 6697: 6693: 6683: 6681: 6677: 6670: 6666: 6665: 6661: 6651: 6649: 6634: 6627: 6617: 6615: 6611: 6604: 6600: 6599: 6595: 6586: 6584: 6580: 6573: 6566: 6565: 6561: 6551: 6549: 6540: 6539: 6535: 6525: 6523: 6514: 6513: 6509: 6499: 6497: 6488: 6487: 6483: 6473: 6471: 6460: 6456: 6446: 6444: 6443:on 15 July 2011 6435: 6434: 6430: 6420: 6418: 6414: 6407: 6403: 6402: 6398: 6388: 6386: 6385:on 29 June 2013 6377: 6376: 6372: 6362: 6360: 6352: 6351: 6347: 6337: 6335: 6320: 6316: 6306: 6304: 6295: 6294: 6290: 6278: 6274: 6273: 6269: 6264:. 26 June 2024. 6256: 6255: 6251: 6241: 6239: 6231: 6230: 6226: 6209: 6208: 6204: 6198:Wayback Machine 6189: 6185: 6175: 6173: 6164: 6163: 6159: 6149: 6147: 6138: 6137: 6133: 6123: 6121: 6112: 6111: 6107: 6097: 6095: 6086: 6085: 6081: 6071: 6069: 6056: 6055: 6051: 6041: 6039: 6030: 6029: 6025: 6015: 6013: 6012:on 4 March 2016 6004: 6003: 5999: 5989: 5987: 5978: 5977: 5973: 5963: 5961: 5952: 5951: 5947: 5937: 5935: 5926: 5925: 5921: 5911: 5909: 5900: 5899: 5895: 5885: 5883: 5870: 5869: 5862: 5852: 5850: 5841: 5840: 5836: 5831:Wayback Machine 5822:Juanita Brock, 5821: 5817: 5807: 5805: 5794: 5790: 5780: 5778: 5769: 5768: 5764: 5754: 5752: 5743: 5742: 5738: 5728: 5726: 5711: 5707: 5697: 5695: 5694:on 30 June 2007 5682: 5681: 5677: 5667: 5665: 5661: 5650: 5644: 5640: 5630: 5628: 5617: 5613: 5603: 5601: 5592: 5591: 5587: 5544: 5540: 5534: 5530: 5520: 5518: 5514: 5507: 5503: 5502: 5495: 5485: 5483: 5479: 5472: 5468: 5467: 5463: 5453: 5451: 5434: 5430: 5420: 5418: 5414: 5407: 5403: 5402: 5398: 5388: 5386: 5382: 5375: 5371: 5370: 5366: 5356: 5354: 5341: 5340: 5336: 5326: 5324: 5311: 5310: 5306: 5296: 5294: 5281: 5280: 5276: 5266: 5264: 5260: 5237: 5231: 5227: 5217: 5215: 5202: 5201: 5197: 5187: 5185: 5181: 5134: 5128: 5124: 5109: 5105: 5095: 5093: 5089: 5082: 5076: 5072: 5060: 5052: 5050: 5037: 5036: 5029: 5019: 5017: 5004: 5003: 4999: 4989: 4987: 4983: 4976: 4972: 4971: 4967: 4957: 4955: 4940: 4936: 4926: 4924: 4920: 4913: 4909: 4908: 4904: 4894: 4892: 4888: 4881: 4877: 4876: 4872: 4862: 4860: 4847: 4846: 4842: 4832: 4830: 4821: 4820: 4816: 4809: 4799:Body Of Secrets 4795: 4791: 4784: 4770: 4766: 4756: 4754: 4739: 4735: 4725: 4723: 4719: 4713: 4709: 4699: 4697: 4693: 4662: 4656: 4652: 4642: 4640: 4636: 4629: 4621: 4617: 4607: 4605: 4592: 4591: 4587: 4577: 4575: 4558: 4557: 4542: 4525: 4524: 4513: 4503: 4501: 4486: 4482: 4468: 4466: 4451: 4447: 4437: 4435: 4420: 4413: 4403: 4401: 4385: 4378: 4347: 4343: 4333: 4331: 4322: 4321: 4317: 4307: 4305: 4292: 4291: 4287: 4277: 4275: 4271: 4264: 4260: 4259: 4255: 4245: 4243: 4230: 4229: 4222: 4210:: 85–88. 1943. 4201: 4200: 4196: 4151: 4144: 4142: 4129: 4128: 4124: 4113: 4109: 4098: 4094: 4084: 4082: 4067: 4066: 4045: 4035: 4033: 4024: 4023: 4019: 4009: 4007: 3998: 3995:Sodomy Punish'd 3993: 3989: 3979: 3977: 3970: 3954: 3950: 3937: 3933: 3926: 3912: 3908: 3903: 3899: 3894: 3890: 3882: 3878: 3871: 3867: 3857: 3855: 3847: 3846: 3842: 3831: 3827: 3822: 3818: 3813: 3809: 3802: 3798: 3791: 3787: 3780: 3776: 3771: 3767: 3762: 3758: 3751: 3747: 3740: 3736: 3729: 3725: 3718: 3714: 3708: 3704: 3694: 3692: 3681: 3677: 3664: 3660: 3650: 3648: 3639: 3638: 3634: 3624: 3622: 3618: 3611: 3607: 3606: 3599: 3590: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3538: 3533: 3531: 3524: 3519: 3517: 3510: 3505: 3503: 3496: 3491: 3489: 3486: 3329: 3294: 3283: 3277: 3240: 3212:in Kazakhstan. 3182: 3176: 3100: 3027: 2999: 2993: 2967: 2889: 2860: 2843: 2814: 2771: 2742: 2738:Other countries 2729: 2728: 2703: 2691: 2683: 2682: 2667:Court of Appeal 2653: 2645: 2644: 2585: 2575: 2574: 2558: 2535: 2526: 2499: 2493: 2485:Ascension crake 2434: 2403:Ascension crake 2361:"fairs". Other 2238: 2124: 2119: 2113: 2108: 1951: 1944: 1939: 1934: 1929: 1924: 1919: 1914: 1909: 1904: 1899: 1894: 1889: 1884: 1874: 1869: 1864: 1859: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1839: 1834: 1829: 1824: 1819: 1814: 1804: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1744: 1734: 1729: 1724: 1719: 1714: 1709: 1704: 1699: 1694: 1689: 1684: 1679: 1674: 1664: 1659: 1654: 1649: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1629: 1624: 1619: 1614: 1609: 1604: 1517: 1459: 1453: 1413: 1407: 1305: 1269:Royal Air Force 1208:generated near 1170: 1150:with its guns, 1076: 1051:Second Boer War 1029: 965: 894: 840:King George III 810: 802:Sodomy Punish'd 777:William Dampier 775:, commanded by 660: 640: 479: 402: 392: 367: 352:Stephen Doughty 348: 316: 301: 286: 234:-7.933; -14.417 233: 231: 227: 224: 219: 216: 214: 212: 211: 210: 204: 162: 160: 156:Sovereign state 150: 135: 123: 102: 99: 86: 85: 84: 80: 73: 69: 56: 47: 40: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9723: 9713: 9712: 9707: 9702: 9697: 9692: 9687: 9682: 9677: 9672: 9667: 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8882: 8875: 8868: 8860: 8853: 8852: 8849: 8848: 8846: 8845: 8839: 8833: 8832: 8831: 8819: 8813: 8807: 8803:Virgin Islands 8799: 8793: 8785: 8779: 8773: 8770:South Carolina 8767: 8761: 8754: 8747: 8740: 8734: 8728: 8722: 8716: 8706: 8700: 8694: 8688: 8682: 8676: 8670: 8667:North Carolina 8664: 8658: 8652: 8646: 8640: 8634: 8628: 8622: 8616: 8610: 8604: 8601:Mosquito Coast 8598: 8590: 8584: 8583: 8582: 8570: 8564: 8557: 8551: 8545: 8539: 8533: 8530:Oregon Country 8523: 8519:Cayman Islands 8515: 8509: 8508: 8507: 8501: 8495: 8489: 8477: 8470: 8464: 8458: 8452: 8451: 8450: 8439: 8433: 8425: 8418: 8412: 8406: 8399: 8392: 8385: 8376: 8373: 8372: 8362: 8361: 8358: 8357: 8355: 8354: 8348: 8339: 8324: 8321: 8320: 8318: 8317: 8311: 8308:Trucial States 8305: 8299: 8293: 8287: 8281: 8280: 8279: 8267: 8261: 8255: 8249: 8243: 8242: 8241: 8229: 8223: 8217: 8211: 8205: 8204: 8203: 8197: 8191: 8185: 8173: 8167: 8161: 8155: 8149: 8143: 8137: 8131: 8125: 8119: 8103: 8097: 8091: 8085: 8075: 8069: 8068: 8067: 8055: 8048: 8045: 8044: 8034: 8033: 8030: 8029: 8027: 8026: 8020: 8001:Self-governing 7998: 7984: 7977: 7974: 7973: 7971: 7970: 7964: 7958: 7952: 7944: 7938: 7932: 7926: 7920: 7914: 7908: 7902: 7896: 7890: 7884: 7878: 7870: 7864: 7858: 7852: 7846: 7840: 7834: 7828: 7822: 7816: 7810: 7804: 7794: 7788: 7782: 7776: 7773:Central Africa 7770: 7764: 7758: 7752: 7742: 7732: 7723: 7720: 7719: 7709: 7708: 7705: 7704: 7702: 7701: 7695: 7694: 7693: 7687: 7678: 7677: 7676: 7661: 7658:Ionian Islands 7655: 7649: 7641: 7635: 7629: 7616: 7613: 7612: 7602: 7601: 7599: 7598: 7592: 7586: 7581: 7578: 7572: 7569: 7568: 7561:British Empire 7556: 7555: 7548: 7541: 7533: 7524: 7523: 7521: 7520: 7514: 7512: 7508: 7507: 7505: 7504: 7499: 7494: 7493: 7492: 7487: 7482: 7472: 7467: 7465:Potato Patches 7462: 7457: 7452: 7447: 7445:Island Council 7442: 7436: 7434: 7428: 7427: 7425: 7424: 7422:Green Mountain 7419: 7414: 7409: 7404: 7399: 7394: 7389: 7384: 7382:Island Council 7379: 7373: 7371: 7365: 7364: 7362: 7361: 7356: 7351: 7346: 7341: 7336: 7331: 7326: 7321: 7316: 7311: 7306: 7301: 7296: 7291: 7289:Chief Minister 7286: 7280: 7278: 7272: 7271: 7265: 7262: 7261: 7254: 7253: 7246: 7239: 7231: 7225: 7224: 7212: 7207: 7200: 7197: 7196: 7195: 7190: 7185: 7180: 7175: 7168: 7165: 7164: 7163: 7158: 7153: 7146: 7143: 7141: 7140:External links 7138: 7137: 7136: 7133: 7123: 7116: 7091: 7086: 7081: 7072: 7066: 7058: 7055: 7054: 7053: 7026: 7023: 7021: 7020: 6995: 6969: 6939: 6903: 6884: 6843: 6818: 6815:. 10 May 2023. 6804: 6773: 6745: 6717: 6691: 6659: 6625: 6614:on 30 May 2020 6593: 6559: 6533: 6507: 6481: 6454: 6428: 6396: 6370: 6345: 6334:on 29 May 2018 6314: 6303:on 4 July 2014 6288: 6267: 6249: 6224: 6202: 6183: 6157: 6146:on 31 May 2011 6131: 6105: 6079: 6049: 6023: 5997: 5971: 5945: 5919: 5893: 5860: 5834: 5815: 5788: 5762: 5736: 5705: 5675: 5638: 5611: 5585: 5538: 5528: 5493: 5470:"native flora" 5461: 5428: 5396: 5364: 5334: 5304: 5274: 5225: 5195: 5122: 5103: 5070: 5027: 4997: 4965: 4934: 4902: 4870: 4840: 4814: 4807: 4789: 4782: 4764: 4747:Foreign Policy 4733: 4707: 4650: 4615: 4585: 4540: 4511: 4480: 4445: 4430:. FTL Design. 4411: 4376: 4341: 4315: 4285: 4253: 4220: 4194: 4122: 4107: 4092: 4043: 4017: 3987: 3968: 3948: 3931: 3924: 3906: 3897: 3888: 3876: 3865: 3840: 3825: 3816: 3807: 3796: 3785: 3774: 3765: 3756: 3745: 3734: 3723: 3712: 3702: 3675: 3658: 3632: 3597: 3582: 3580: 3577: 3576: 3575: 3570: 3565: 3560: 3555: 3550: 3544: 3543: 3529: 3515: 3501: 3485: 3482: 3328: 3325: 3293: 3290: 3276: 3273: 3260:pound sterling 3239: 3236: 3175: 3174:Communications 3172: 3106:Devil's Ashpit 3099: 3096: 3081:The Pirate Bay 3026: 3023: 2992: 2989: 2988: 2987: 2978: 2966: 2965:Notable people 2963: 2954:right of abode 2946: 2945: 2939: 2933: 2927: 2917: 2888: 2885: 2859: 2856: 2842: 2839: 2826:Island Council 2813: 2812:Island Council 2810: 2781:together with 2773: 2772: 2770: 2769: 2762: 2755: 2747: 2744: 2743: 2741: 2740: 2734: 2731: 2730: 2727: 2726: 2721: 2716: 2711: 2706: 2698: 2692: 2689: 2688: 2685: 2684: 2681: 2680: 2679: 2678: 2670: 2669: 2668: 2660: 2654: 2651: 2650: 2647: 2646: 2643: 2642: 2637: 2636: 2635: 2634:Simon Minshull 2625: 2624: 2623: 2611: 2606: 2601: 2600: 2599: 2597:Nigel Phillips 2586: 2581: 2580: 2577: 2576: 2573: 2572: 2571: 2570: 2559: 2554: 2553: 2550: 2549: 2546: 2545: 2537: 2536: 2531: 2525: 2522: 2507:marine reserve 2495:Main article: 2492: 2489: 2453:nautical miles 2433: 2430: 2260:among others. 2237: 2234: 2200:Green Mountain 2132:Green Mountain 2123: 2120: 2115:Main article: 2112: 2109: 2105: 2104: 2097: 2096: 2089: 2088: 2085: 2082: 2079: 2076: 2073: 2070: 2067: 2064: 2061: 2058: 2055: 2052: 2049: 2047:sunshine hours 2042: 2041: 2038: 2035: 2032: 2029: 2026: 2023: 2020: 2017: 2014: 2011: 2008: 2005: 2002: 1994: 1993: 1990: 1987: 1984: 1981: 1978: 1975: 1972: 1969: 1966: 1963: 1960: 1957: 1954: 1947: 1946: 1941: 1936: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1911: 1906: 1901: 1896: 1891: 1886: 1881: 1877: 1876: 1871: 1866: 1861: 1856: 1851: 1846: 1841: 1836: 1831: 1826: 1821: 1816: 1811: 1807: 1806: 1801: 1796: 1791: 1786: 1781: 1776: 1771: 1766: 1761: 1756: 1751: 1746: 1741: 1737: 1736: 1731: 1726: 1721: 1716: 1711: 1706: 1701: 1696: 1691: 1686: 1681: 1676: 1671: 1667: 1666: 1661: 1656: 1651: 1646: 1641: 1636: 1631: 1626: 1621: 1616: 1611: 1606: 1601: 1597: 1596: 1593: 1590: 1587: 1584: 1581: 1578: 1575: 1572: 1569: 1566: 1563: 1560: 1557: 1553: 1552: 1546: 1516: 1513: 1493:trachyandesite 1466:plate boundary 1455:Main article: 1452: 1449: 1406: 1403: 1395:United Kingdom 1304: 1301: 1222:Vela satellite 1169: 1166: 1075: 1072: 1063:letters patent 1028: 1025: 964: 961: 953:Green Mountain 906:Charles Darwin 893: 890: 886:Edward Nicolls 809: 806: 744:Ascenção menor 673:Church of Rome 669:Damião de Góis 665:João de Barros 659: 656: 639: 636: 632:orbital debris 624:Cape Canaveral 505: 504: 499: 493: 492: 487: 481: 480: 477: 475: 469: 468: 463: 457: 456: 453: 447: 446: 443: 439: 438: 428: 422: 421: 411: 407: 406: 403: 401:• Density 400: 397: 396: 393: 390: 387: 386: 380: 379: 376: 372: 371: 368: 365: 362: 361: 355: 354: 349: 343: 340: 339: 335: 334: 332:Island Council 329: 325: 324: 321: 320: 319:Simon Minshull 317: 311: 308: 307: 305:Nigel Phillips 302: 296: 293: 292: 287: 281: 278: 277: 274: 273: 258: 252: 251: 246: 242: 241: 205: 202: 198: 197: 194: 188: 187: 184: 180: 179: 176: 172: 171: 169:United Kingdom 158: 152: 151: 148:Atlantic Ocean 145: 137: 136: 133: 125: 124: 100: 88: 87: 74: 63: 62: 61: 58: 57: 52: 49: 48: 45: 38: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9722: 9711: 9708: 9706: 9703: 9701: 9698: 9696: 9693: 9691: 9688: 9686: 9683: 9681: 9678: 9676: 9673: 9671: 9668: 9666: 9663: 9661: 9658: 9656: 9653: 9651: 9648: 9646: 9643: 9642: 9640: 9633: 9630: 9593: 9590: 9588: 9585: 9583: 9580: 9578: 9575: 9573: 9570: 9568: 9567:Spanish Brits 9565: 9563: 9560: 9558: 9555: 9553: 9550: 9548: 9545: 9543: 9540: 9538: 9535: 9533: 9530: 9528: 9525: 9523: 9520: 9518: 9515: 9513: 9510: 9507: 9503: 9500: 9498: 9495: 9493: 9492:Gibraltarians 9490: 9488: 9485: 9483: 9480: 9478: 9475: 9473: 9470: 9468: 9465: 9463: 9460: 9458: 9455: 9453: 9450: 9448: 9445: 9443: 9440: 9439: 9436: 9430: 9427: 9425: 9422: 9420: 9417: 9415: 9412: 9411: 9408: 9404: 9397: 9392: 9390: 9385: 9383: 9378: 9377: 9374: 9362: 9358: 9354: 9352: 9344: 9341: 9338: 9336: 9333: 9332: 9329: 9318: 9315: 9311: 9308: 9307: 9302: 9301: 9298: 9291: 9290: 9286: 9283: 9282: 9278: 9273: 9268: 9265: 9260: 9255: 9252: 9249: 9248: 9244: 9241: 9240: 9236: 9233: 9232: 9228: 9225: 9224: 9220: 9219: 9216: 9209: 9205: 9194: 9193:Falklands War 9190: 9188: 9184: 9180: 9179: 9176: 9169: 9168: 9164: 9161: 9160: 9156: 9153: 9150: 9147: 9144: 9141: 9138: 9135: 9132: 9131: 9128: 9124:South America 9121: 9117: 9107: 9103: 9099: 9097: 9093: 9091: 9087: 9086: 9083: 9071: 9068: 9065: 9062: 9059: 9055: 9052: 9048: 9045: 9042: 9039: 9036: 9035: 9033: 9027: 9023: 9020: 9017: 9014: 9013:Union Islands 9011: 9008: 9004: 9001: 8998: 8995: 8992: 8989: 8986: 8983: 8980: 8977: 8974: 8971: 8968: 8965: 8962: 8961: 8957: 8954: 8951: 8948: 8944: 8941: 8938: 8935: 8932: 8929: 8926: 8923: 8920: 8916: 8913: 8910: 8907: 8906: 8904: 8903: 8899: 8896: 8895: 8890: 8881: 8876: 8874: 8869: 8867: 8862: 8861: 8858: 8854: 8843: 8840: 8837: 8834: 8829: 8826: 8825: 8823: 8820: 8817: 8814: 8811: 8808: 8805: 8804: 8800: 8797: 8794: 8791: 8790: 8786: 8783: 8780: 8777: 8774: 8771: 8768: 8765: 8762: 8759: 8755: 8752: 8748: 8745: 8741: 8738: 8735: 8732: 8729: 8726: 8725:Rupert's Land 8723: 8720: 8717: 8714: 8710: 8707: 8704: 8701: 8698: 8695: 8692: 8689: 8686: 8685:Paulet affair 8683: 8680: 8677: 8674: 8671: 8668: 8665: 8662: 8659: 8656: 8653: 8650: 8647: 8644: 8641: 8638: 8635: 8632: 8631:New Hampshire 8629: 8626: 8623: 8620: 8619:New Brunswick 8617: 8614: 8611: 8608: 8605: 8602: 8599: 8596: 8595: 8591: 8588: 8585: 8580: 8577: 8576: 8574: 8571: 8568: 8565: 8562: 8558: 8555: 8552: 8549: 8546: 8543: 8540: 8537: 8534: 8531: 8527: 8524: 8521: 8520: 8516: 8513: 8510: 8505: 8502: 8499: 8496: 8493: 8490: 8487: 8484: 8483: 8482: 8478: 8475: 8471: 8468: 8465: 8462: 8459: 8456: 8453: 8449: 8446: 8445: 8443: 8440: 8437: 8434: 8431: 8430: 8426: 8423: 8419: 8416: 8413: 8410: 8407: 8404: 8400: 8397: 8393: 8390: 8386: 8383: 8382: 8378: 8377: 8374: 8370:North America 8367: 8363: 8353: 8349: 8347: 8343: 8340: 8338: 8334: 8330: 8326: 8325: 8322: 8315: 8312: 8309: 8306: 8303: 8300: 8297: 8294: 8291: 8290:South Vietnam 8288: 8285: 8282: 8277: 8274: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8265: 8262: 8259: 8256: 8253: 8250: 8247: 8244: 8239: 8236: 8235: 8233: 8230: 8227: 8224: 8221: 8218: 8215: 8212: 8209: 8206: 8201: 8198: 8195: 8192: 8189: 8186: 8183: 8180: 8179: 8177: 8174: 8171: 8168: 8165: 8162: 8159: 8156: 8153: 8150: 8147: 8144: 8141: 8138: 8135: 8132: 8129: 8126: 8123: 8120: 8117: 8113: 8109: 8108: 8104: 8101: 8098: 8095: 8092: 8089: 8086: 8083: 8079: 8076: 8073: 8070: 8065: 8062: 8061: 8059: 8056: 8053: 8050: 8049: 8046: 8039: 8035: 8025: 8021: 8018: 8014: 8010: 8006: 8002: 7999: 7996: 7992: 7988: 7985: 7983: 7979: 7978: 7975: 7968: 7965: 7962: 7959: 7956: 7953: 7950: 7949: 7945: 7942: 7939: 7936: 7933: 7930: 7927: 7924: 7921: 7918: 7915: 7912: 7909: 7906: 7903: 7900: 7897: 7894: 7891: 7888: 7885: 7882: 7879: 7876: 7875: 7871: 7868: 7865: 7862: 7859: 7856: 7853: 7850: 7847: 7844: 7841: 7838: 7835: 7832: 7829: 7826: 7823: 7820: 7817: 7814: 7811: 7808: 7805: 7802: 7798: 7795: 7792: 7789: 7786: 7783: 7780: 7777: 7774: 7771: 7768: 7765: 7762: 7759: 7756: 7753: 7750: 7746: 7743: 7740: 7736: 7733: 7730: 7729: 7725: 7724: 7721: 7714: 7710: 7699: 7696: 7691: 7688: 7685: 7682: 7681: 7679: 7674: 7671: 7670: 7665: 7662: 7659: 7656: 7653: 7650: 7647: 7646: 7642: 7639: 7636: 7633: 7630: 7627: 7623: 7622: 7618: 7617: 7614: 7607: 7603: 7597: 7593: 7591: 7587: 7585: 7582: 7579: 7574: 7573: 7570: 7566: 7562: 7554: 7549: 7547: 7542: 7540: 7535: 7534: 7531: 7519: 7516: 7515: 7513: 7509: 7503: 7500: 7498: 7495: 7491: 7488: 7486: 7485:Middle Island 7483: 7481: 7478: 7477: 7476: 7473: 7471: 7468: 7466: 7463: 7461: 7458: 7456: 7453: 7451: 7448: 7446: 7443: 7441: 7438: 7437: 7435: 7433: 7429: 7423: 7420: 7418: 7415: 7413: 7410: 7408: 7405: 7403: 7400: 7398: 7395: 7393: 7390: 7388: 7385: 7383: 7380: 7378: 7375: 7374: 7372: 7370: 7366: 7360: 7357: 7355: 7352: 7350: 7347: 7345: 7342: 7340: 7337: 7335: 7332: 7330: 7327: 7325: 7322: 7320: 7319:Barren Ground 7317: 7315: 7312: 7310: 7307: 7305: 7302: 7300: 7297: 7295: 7292: 7290: 7287: 7285: 7282: 7281: 7279: 7277: 7273: 7269: 7263: 7259: 7252: 7247: 7245: 7240: 7238: 7233: 7232: 7229: 7223: 7219: 7216: 7213: 7211: 7208: 7206: 7203: 7202: 7194: 7191: 7189: 7186: 7184: 7181: 7179: 7176: 7174: 7171: 7170: 7162: 7159: 7157: 7154: 7152: 7149: 7148: 7134: 7131: 7127: 7124: 7121: 7117: 7106: 7102: 7101: 7096: 7092: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7082: 7079: 7078: 7073: 7071: 7067: 7065: 7061: 7060: 7043: 7039: 7038: 7033: 7029: 7028: 7009: 7005: 6999: 6983: 6979: 6973: 6957: 6953: 6952:Titan Airways 6949: 6943: 6924: 6920: 6913: 6907: 6899: 6895: 6888: 6882: 6878: 6875: 6861: 6857: 6853: 6847: 6839: 6835: 6834:The Telegraph 6830: 6822: 6814: 6808: 6792: 6788: 6784: 6777: 6762: 6761: 6756: 6749: 6734: 6733: 6728: 6721: 6705: 6701: 6695: 6676: 6669: 6663: 6647: 6643: 6639: 6632: 6630: 6610: 6603: 6597: 6579: 6572: 6571: 6563: 6547: 6543: 6537: 6521: 6517: 6511: 6495: 6491: 6485: 6469: 6465: 6458: 6442: 6438: 6432: 6413: 6406: 6400: 6384: 6380: 6374: 6359: 6355: 6349: 6333: 6329: 6325: 6318: 6302: 6298: 6292: 6284: 6277: 6271: 6263: 6259: 6253: 6238: 6234: 6228: 6220: 6216: 6212: 6206: 6200:November 1998 6199: 6195: 6192: 6187: 6171: 6167: 6161: 6145: 6141: 6135: 6119: 6115: 6109: 6093: 6089: 6083: 6067: 6063: 6059: 6053: 6037: 6033: 6027: 6011: 6007: 6001: 5985: 5981: 5975: 5959: 5955: 5949: 5933: 5929: 5923: 5907: 5903: 5897: 5881: 5877: 5873: 5867: 5865: 5848: 5844: 5838: 5832: 5828: 5825: 5819: 5803: 5799: 5792: 5776: 5772: 5766: 5750: 5746: 5740: 5724: 5720: 5716: 5709: 5693: 5689: 5685: 5679: 5660: 5656: 5655:Cambridge.org 5649: 5642: 5626: 5622: 5615: 5599: 5595: 5589: 5581: 5577: 5572: 5567: 5563: 5559: 5558: 5553: 5551: 5542: 5532: 5513: 5506: 5500: 5498: 5478: 5471: 5465: 5449: 5445: 5444: 5439: 5432: 5413: 5406: 5400: 5381: 5374: 5368: 5352: 5348: 5344: 5338: 5322: 5318: 5314: 5308: 5292: 5288: 5284: 5278: 5259: 5255: 5251: 5247: 5243: 5236: 5229: 5213: 5209: 5205: 5199: 5180: 5176: 5172: 5168: 5164: 5160: 5156: 5152: 5148: 5144: 5140: 5133: 5126: 5118: 5114: 5107: 5088: 5081: 5074: 5067: 5066:public domain 5048: 5044: 5040: 5034: 5032: 5015: 5011: 5007: 5001: 4982: 4975: 4969: 4953: 4949: 4945: 4938: 4919: 4912: 4906: 4887: 4880: 4874: 4858: 4854: 4853:The Telegraph 4850: 4844: 4828: 4824: 4818: 4810: 4808:9781407009209 4804: 4800: 4793: 4785: 4783:9780007357123 4779: 4775: 4768: 4752: 4748: 4744: 4737: 4718: 4711: 4692: 4688: 4684: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4668: 4661: 4654: 4635: 4628: 4627: 4619: 4603: 4599: 4595: 4589: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4563: 4555: 4553: 4551: 4549: 4547: 4545: 4536: 4532: 4528: 4522: 4520: 4518: 4516: 4499: 4495: 4491: 4484: 4476: 4464: 4460: 4456: 4449: 4433: 4429: 4425: 4418: 4416: 4399: 4398: 4393: 4389: 4383: 4381: 4372: 4368: 4364: 4360: 4356: 4352: 4345: 4329: 4325: 4319: 4303: 4299: 4295: 4289: 4270: 4263: 4257: 4241: 4237: 4233: 4227: 4225: 4217: 4213: 4209: 4205: 4198: 4190: 4186: 4181: 4176: 4172: 4168: 4164: 4160: 4156: 4140: 4136: 4132: 4126: 4120: 4116: 4111: 4103: 4096: 4080: 4076: 4075: 4070: 4064: 4062: 4060: 4058: 4056: 4054: 4052: 4050: 4048: 4031: 4027: 4021: 4005: 4001: 3996: 3991: 3975: 3971: 3969:9781446189863 3965: 3961: 3960: 3952: 3945: 3941: 3935: 3927: 3921: 3917: 3910: 3901: 3892: 3886: 3880: 3874: 3869: 3854: 3850: 3844: 3836: 3829: 3820: 3811: 3805: 3800: 3794: 3789: 3783: 3778: 3769: 3760: 3754: 3749: 3743: 3738: 3732: 3727: 3721: 3716: 3706: 3690: 3686: 3679: 3672: 3668: 3662: 3646: 3642: 3636: 3617: 3610: 3604: 3602: 3593: 3587: 3583: 3574: 3571: 3569: 3566: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3554: 3551: 3549: 3546: 3545: 3541: 3530: 3527: 3516: 3513: 3512:Africa portal 3502: 3499: 3488: 3481: 3479: 3474: 3470: 3465: 3461: 3456: 3454: 3449: 3446: 3441: 3439: 3435: 3431: 3426: 3424: 3423: 3417: 3413: 3409: 3406: 3401: 3397: 3392: 3390: 3386: 3382: 3378: 3377: 3370: 3366: 3362: 3358: 3354: 3351:) and to the 3350: 3346: 3341: 3333: 3324: 3322: 3318: 3314: 3310: 3305: 3303: 3299: 3289: 3287: 3282: 3272: 3270: 3265: 3261: 3257: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3235: 3233: 3227: 3225: 3220: 3218: 3213: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3191: 3187: 3181: 3171: 3169: 3165: 3161: 3157: 3153: 3149: 3145: 3141: 3137: 3133: 3129: 3125: 3121: 3116: 3114: 3113:Sport fishing 3104: 3095: 3093: 3088: 3086: 3082: 3078: 3074: 3069: 3067: 3062: 3060: 3056: 3055:Maersk Rapier 3052: 3048: 3044: 3040: 3031: 3022: 3020: 3016: 3014: 3010: 3008: 3004: 2998: 2986: 2982: 2979: 2976: 2972: 2969: 2968: 2962: 2959: 2955: 2949: 2943: 2940: 2937: 2934: 2931: 2928: 2925: 2921: 2918: 2915: 2912: 2911: 2910: 2907: 2905: 2897: 2893: 2884: 2880: 2875: 2873: 2868: 2864: 2855: 2852: 2847: 2838: 2834: 2830: 2827: 2818: 2809: 2807: 2806:Administrator 2803: 2799: 2795: 2790: 2788: 2784: 2780: 2768: 2763: 2761: 2756: 2754: 2749: 2748: 2746: 2745: 2739: 2736: 2735: 2733: 2732: 2725: 2722: 2720: 2717: 2715: 2712: 2710: 2707: 2702: 2699: 2697: 2694: 2693: 2687: 2686: 2676: 2675: 2674: 2673:Supreme Court 2671: 2666: 2665: 2664: 2661: 2659: 2656: 2655: 2649: 2648: 2641: 2638: 2633: 2632: 2631: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2619: 2618: 2617: 2616: 2612: 2610: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2598: 2595: 2594: 2593: 2592: 2588: 2587: 2584: 2579: 2578: 2569: 2566: 2565: 2564: 2561: 2560: 2557: 2552: 2551: 2548: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2538: 2534: 2530: 2529: 2521: 2519: 2515: 2510: 2508: 2504: 2503:UK Government 2498: 2488: 2486: 2482: 2481:black noddies 2478: 2474: 2470: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2449: 2447: 2438: 2429: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2410: 2406: 2404: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2384: 2381:, pronounced 2380: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2331: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2288: 2284: 2280: 2276: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2248:A variety of 2242: 2233: 2231: 2226: 2222: 2221: 2216: 2214: 2213:sailing ships 2210: 2206: 2201: 2196: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2185: 2180: 2179: 2174: 2173: 2168: 2167: 2162: 2161: 2156: 2155: 2150: 2149: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2128: 2118: 2103: 2098: 2095: 2090: 2086: 2083: 2080: 2077: 2074: 2071: 2068: 2065: 2062: 2059: 2056: 2053: 2050: 2048: 2045:Mean monthly 2043: 2039: 2036: 2033: 2030: 2027: 2024: 2021: 2018: 2015: 2012: 2009: 2006: 2003: 2000: 1995: 1991: 1988: 1985: 1982: 1979: 1976: 1973: 1970: 1967: 1964: 1961: 1958: 1955: 1948: 1942: 1937: 1932: 1927: 1922: 1917: 1912: 1907: 1902: 1897: 1892: 1887: 1882: 1878: 1872: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1847: 1842: 1837: 1832: 1827: 1822: 1817: 1812: 1808: 1802: 1797: 1792: 1787: 1782: 1777: 1772: 1767: 1762: 1757: 1752: 1747: 1742: 1738: 1732: 1727: 1722: 1717: 1712: 1707: 1702: 1697: 1692: 1687: 1682: 1677: 1672: 1668: 1662: 1657: 1652: 1647: 1642: 1637: 1632: 1627: 1622: 1617: 1612: 1607: 1602: 1598: 1554: 1549: 1545: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1533:tropical zone 1530: 1526: 1522: 1508: 1504: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1485: 1483: 1479: 1478:asthenosphere 1475: 1474:oceanic crust 1471: 1467: 1464: 1458: 1448: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1425: 1417: 1412: 1402: 1400: 1396: 1393:In 2023, the 1391: 1387: 1385: 1379: 1377: 1373: 1370:In 2016, the 1368: 1366: 1365: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1339: 1335: 1333: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1313: 1309: 1300: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1265:Falklands War 1262: 1258: 1253: 1251: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1225: 1223: 1219: 1218:Vela incident 1215: 1211: 1206: 1205:SOFAR channel 1202: 1197: 1195: 1191: 1190:Eastern Range 1187: 1183: 1182:Space Shuttle 1179: 1175: 1165: 1162: 1160: 1159: 1154:removed from 1153: 1148: 1144: 1143: 1136: 1134: 1132: 1127: 1122: 1120: 1117: 1113: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1091: 1089: 1080: 1071: 1069: 1068:Administrator 1064: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1047: 1045: 1044: 1038: 1034: 1024: 1022: 1016: 1014: 1010: 1005: 1001: 996: 994: 990: 986: 982: 978: 974: 970: 960: 958: 954: 950: 946: 942: 938: 937:Norfolk pines 934: 930: 929:Joseph Hooker 925: 923: 919: 915: 911: 907: 903: 901: 889: 887: 883: 882:Royal Marines 879: 875: 871: 864: 859: 855: 853: 849: 848:stone frigate 845: 841: 837: 836: 831: 830: 826: 824: 819: 815: 805: 803: 798: 794: 790: 785: 782: 778: 774: 773: 766: 764: 763:green turtles 760: 755: 753: 749: 745: 741: 736: 732: 728: 724: 719: 717: 713: 712:Gaspar Corrêa 709: 704: 702: 698: 697:Ascension Day 694: 693:Vasco da Gama 690: 686: 682: 678: 674: 670: 666: 652: 651:Ascension Day 648: 644: 635: 633: 629: 625: 621: 617: 613: 609: 608:Falklands War 605: 601: 597: 593: 589: 586:, which is a 585: 580: 578: 575:bases in the 574: 570: 566: 562: 558: 554: 550: 545: 543: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 522:South America 519: 515: 511: 503: 500: 498: 494: 491: 488: 486: 485:ISO 3166 code 482: 476: 474: 470: 467: 464: 462: 458: 454: 452: 448: 444: 440: 436: 432: 429: 427: 423: 419: 415: 412: 408: 404: 398: 394: 388: 385: 381: 377: 373: 369: 363: 360: 356: 353: 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arms 7368: 7349:Saint Paul's 7314:Alarm Forest 7304:Coat of arms 7276:Saint Helena 7129: 7122:(RSPB, 2006) 7119: 7108:. 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Retrieved 3586: 3568:Saint Helena 3563:Diego Garcia 3459: 3457: 3452: 3450: 3443:There is no 3442: 3427: 3421: 3393: 3385:South Africa 3375: 3342: 3338: 3306: 3297: 3295: 3284: 3241: 3228: 3221: 3214: 3183: 3117: 3109: 3089: 3070: 3063: 3054: 3036: 3017: 3013:The Islander 3012: 3011: 3000: 2958:The Islander 2957: 2950: 2947: 2908: 2901: 2887:Demographics 2882: 2877: 2871: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2848: 2844: 2835: 2831: 2823: 2791: 2783:Saint Helena 2776: 2628: 2614: 2590: 2511: 2500: 2450: 2443: 2415: 2383:BO-sun birds 2382: 2378: 2332: 2328:green turtle 2291: 2285: 2272: 2247: 2230:green turtle 2223:, a type of 2218: 2217: 2209:Norfolk pine 2197: 2193:habitat loss 2182: 2176: 2170: 2164: 2158: 2152: 2146: 2144: 1524: 1518: 1486: 1460: 1441:cinder cones 1430: 1401:is illegal. 1392: 1388: 1380: 1369: 1362: 1351:Saint Helena 1340: 1336: 1321:, an arm of 1316: 1275:bombers and 1261:staging post 1254: 1249: 1226: 1214:Indian Ocean 1210:Heard Island 1198: 1171: 1163: 1157: 1141: 1137: 1130: 1123: 1119:flying boats 1095:World War II 1092: 1090:until 1922. 1085: 1074:World War II 1048: 1042: 1032: 1030: 1017: 997: 966: 957:cloud forest 949:banana trees 926: 899: 896:In 1836 the 895: 867: 851: 834: 828: 822: 818:Saint Helena 811: 801: 786: 781:Clarence Bay 771: 767: 756: 743: 738: 720: 705: 684: 661: 647:João da Nova 620:Diego Garcia 581: 569:World War II 565:flying boats 549:Joao da Nova 546: 534:Saint Helena 509: 508: 497:Internet TLD 461:Calling code 451:Driving side 366:• Total 91: 82:Coat of arms 36: 9624: / 9562:Shetlanders 9557:Scots Gaels 9502:Hongkongers 9497:Guernésiais 9442:Anglo-Irish 9414:Anglosphere 9340:Anglosphere 9058:New Zealand 8967:New Zealand 8836:West Jersey 8751:Saint Lucia 8737:Saint Kitts 8731:Saint Croix 8711:1763–1791* 8679:Nova Scotia 8625:New England 8581:, 1691–1776 8548:East Jersey 8536:Connecticut 8415:Bay Islands 8302:Transjordan 8220:Mesopotamia 8058:Afghanistan 8052:Aden Colony 7837:Niger Coast 7803:) 1874–1957 7779:East Africa 7761:Cape Colony 7751:) 1884–1966 7741:) 1868–1966 7502:Sandy Point 7095:"Ascension" 6797:26 February 6542:"St Helena" 6447:16 February 6363:18 November 6176:26 November 5990:18 December 5486:2 September 5267:8 September 5096:13 December 5053:18 December 5043:www.cia.gov 5010:www.arm.gov 4990:18 December 4608:14 December 4560:"BBC News, 4145:1 September 4117:, pp. 4115:Keynes 2001 3361:Airbus A330 3248:Lloyds Bank 3148:North Korea 3092:trade union 2621:Tariq Ahmad 2568:Charles III 2516:(EEZ) as a 2477:sooty terns 2395:black noddy 2391:brown noddy 2375:tropicbirds 2355:Sooty terns 2270:Psocopteran 2244:Lava fields 1273:Avro Vulcan 1263:during the 1145:approached 1099:sooty terns 1004:lava fields 933:Kew Gardens 878:slave trade 870:victualling 606:during the 473:UK postcode 442:Date format 328:Legislature 290:Charles III 232: / 9639:Categories 9467:Caymanians 9457:Bermudians 9447:Anguillans 9292:since 1908 9284:since 1908 9250:since 1833 9242:since 1816 9234:since 1815 9226:since 1658 9183:department 9170:since 1908 9162:since 1833 8963:since 1838 8943:Swan River 8937:Queensland 8824:1958–1962 8806:since 1666 8792:since 1799 8643:New Jersey 8613:New Albion 8597:since 1632 8594:Montserrat 8575:1629–1691 8522:since 1670 8444:1858–1866 8432:since 1619 8384:since 1650 8337:Bangladesh 8272:1841–1946 8234:1882–1963 8200:Federation 8178:1819–1826 8116:Seychelles 8060:1839–1842 7951:since 1816 7935:Tanganyika 7893:Somaliland 7881:Seychelles 7877:since 1658 7797:Gold Coast 7791:The Gambia 7735:Basutoland 7731:since 1815 7673:Free State 7666:1542–1800 7652:Heligoland 7648:since 1713 7397:Georgetown 7128:. (1960). 6988:16 January 6962:16 January 6932:16 January 6552:20 January 5912:3 February 5698:25 October 5668:6 November 5421:4 November 5389:4 November 4833:17 October 4504:19 October 4361:(3): 337. 3980:8 November 3625:23 January 3579:References 3408:Boeing 757 3279:See also: 3178:See also: 3001:There are 2995:See also: 2924:its school 2914:Georgetown 2896:Georgetown 2701:Georgetown 2609:The Castle 2583:Government 2524:Government 2426:feral cats 2387:white tern 2339:francolins 2290:(formerly 2140:Georgetown 2100:Source 2: 2092:Source 1: 1952:(≥ 0.3 mm) 1439:flows and 1409:See also: 1364:ex officio 1257:task force 1174:Space Race 1147:Georgetown 989:heliometer 981:heliometer 969:David Gill 941:eucalyptus 918:land crabs 914:Cape Verde 910:guineafowl 863:Georgetown 844:Royal Navy 735:Cape Verde 445:dd/mm/yyyy 384:Population 267:dependency 256:Government 208:Georgetown 9537:Orcadians 9276:1841–1947 9263:1841–1933 9154:1831–1966 9148:1670–1688 9142:1651–1667 9136:1631–1641 9066:1914–1962 9060:1907–1947 9053:1901–1942 9051:Australia 9046:1900–1974 9040:1900–1970 9028:1893–1978 9021:1892–1979 9015:1889–1948 9009:1888–1901 9003:Rarotonga 8999:1884–1902 8993:1877–1976 8987:1874–1970 8981:1851–1901 8975:1846–1847 8969:1841–1907 8955:1836–1901 8949:1829–1901 8939:1824–1901 8933:1824–1980 8927:1807–1863 8921:1803–1901 8911:1788–1901 8844:1833–1960 8838:1674–1702 8830:1967–1983 8818:1763–1783 8812:1607–1776 8798:1849–1866 8784:1889–1962 8778:1862–1863 8772:1712–1776 8766:1635–1644 8760:1627–1979 8753:1605–1979 8746:1882–1983 8739:1623–1983 8733:1625–1650 8727:1670–1870 8721:1636–1776 8715:1853–1863 8705:1620–1691 8699:1681–1776 8693:1763–1873 8681:1713–1867 8675:1859–1870 8669:1712–1776 8663:1583–1907 8657:1907–1949 8651:1664–1776 8639:1637–1662 8637:New Haven 8633:1680–1776 8627:1686–1689 8621:1784–1867 8609:1628–1983 8603:1655–1860 8589:1632–1776 8563:1655–1962 8556:1733–1776 8550:1674–1702 8544:1701–1776 8538:1636–1776 8532:1818–1846 8514:1663–1712 8506:1867–1931 8500:1841–1867 8494:1791–1841 8488:1791–1841 8476:1762–1974 8469:1763–1783 8463:1763–1978 8457:1754–1820 8448:1866–1871 8424:1871–1981 8417:1643–1860 8411:1624–1966 8405:1670–1973 8398:1860–1981 8391:1632–1860 8316:1898–1930 8310:1892–1971 8304:1921–1946 8298:1826–1946 8292:1945–1946 8286:1946–1963 8284:Singapore 8278:1946–1963 8266:1702–1705 8260:1786–1946 8254:1923–1948 8252:Palestine 8240:1946–1963 8228:1891–1971 8222:1920–1932 8216:1762–1764 8210:1796–1965 8202:1948–1957 8196:1946–1948 8190:1885–1946 8184:1895–1946 8172:1848–1946 8166:1918–1961 8160:1811–1816 8154:1858–1947 8148:1841–1997 8146:Hong Kong 8142:1878–1960 8136:1795–1948 8130:1888–1984 8124:1824–1948 8112:Mauritius 8102:1874–1963 8090:1757–1947 8084:1812–1824 8074:1685–1824 8072:Bencoolen 8066:1879–1919 8054:1839–1967 7969:1887–1897 7963:1890–1963 7957:1890–1962 7943:1900–1910 7941:Transvaal 7937:1922–1961 7931:1899–1956 7925:1893–1968 7923:Swaziland 7919:1900–1914 7907:1915–1931 7901:1910–1931 7895:1884–1960 7889:1792–1961 7883:1903–1976 7869:1900–1910 7863:1891–1964 7861:Nyasaland 7857:1924–1964 7851:1900–1914 7845:1914–1960 7839:1884–1900 7833:1856–1910 7827:1810–1968 7825:Mauritius 7821:1807–1808 7815:1862–1906 7809:1920–1963 7793:1816–1965 7787:1882–1922 7781:1895–1920 7775:1891–1907 7769:1806–1910 7763:1795–1803 7757:1919–1961 7755:Cameroons 7692:1813–1964 7686:1800–1813 7675:1921–1931 7660:1809–1864 7654:1807–1890 7645:Gibraltar 7640:1878–1960 7634:1794–1796 7588:*Current 7412:Two Boats 7354:Sandy Bay 7334:Levelwood 7324:Blue Hill 7309:Jamestown 7268:Jamestown 7266:Capital: 6866:6 January 6766:5 October 6738:5 October 6710:6 January 6684:6 January 6618:10 August 6587:10 August 6307:3 January 6016:3 January 5964:3 October 5938:3 October 5886:3 October 5853:3 January 5808:1 October 5781:21 August 5755:21 August 5729:3 January 5631:3 January 5218:5 January 5175:135209923 5167:0091-7613 4958:28 August 4438:4 January 4404:4 January 4351:"Answers" 4308:1 October 4278:1 October 4246:1 October 4102:Navy List 4085:3 January 4036:5 October 3849:"History" 3695:14 August 3460:St Helena 3422:Ascension 3381:Cape Town 3376:St Helena 3327:Transport 3275:Education 3132:Hong Kong 3087:website. 2920:Two Boats 2704:(capital) 2652:Judiciary 2556:The Crown 2459:(IBA) by 2432:Bird life 2379:boatswain 2320:blackfish 2312:barracuda 2283:land crab 1405:Geography 1341:In 2009, 1332:telemetry 1250:St Helena 1172:With the 1156:HMS 1114:base for 1041:HMS 852:Ascension 658:Discovery 616:Kwajalein 567:. During 431:UTC±00:00 426:Time zone 9512:Jersiais 9351:Category 9187:Colombia 9102:Kiribati 8979:Victoria 8919:Tasmania 8810:Virginia 8776:Stickeen 8764:Saybrook 8703:Plymouth 8649:New York 8587:Maryland 8579:Province 8542:Delaware 8512:Carolina 8504:Dominion 8498:Province 8461:Dominica 8409:Barbados 8381:Anguilla 8352:disputed 8333:Pakistan 8208:Maldives 8082:Billiton 8009:Rhodesia 7995:Tanzania 7991:Cameroon 7967:Zululand 7961:Zanzibar 7749:Botswana 7402:Cat Hill 7339:Longwood 7284:Governor 7218:Archived 7042:archived 7034:(2001), 6982:Archived 6956:Archived 6923:Archived 6877:Archived 6860:Archived 6838:Archived 6704:Archived 6675:Archived 6646:Archived 6642:BBC News 6570:Services 6520:Archived 6494:Archived 6468:Archived 6412:Archived 6194:Archived 6170:Archived 6118:Archived 6092:Archived 6072:6 August 6066:Archived 6042:6 August 6036:Archived 5932:Archived 5880:Archived 5827:Archived 5723:Archived 5719:BBC News 5659:Archived 5625:Archived 5604:3 August 5598:Archived 5580:83991276 5512:Archived 5477:Archived 5448:Archived 5443:BBC News 5380:Archived 5357:28 April 5351:Archived 5327:27 April 5321:Archived 5297:27 April 5291:Archived 5258:Archived 5212:Archived 5188:15 March 5179:Archived 5047:Archived 5014:Archived 4981:Archived 4952:Archived 4927:7 August 4895:7 August 4857:Archived 4827:Archived 4751:Archived 4691:Archived 4634:Archived 4602:Archived 4572:Archived 4568:BBC News 4498:Archived 4469:11 March 4463:Archived 4432:Archived 4334:11 March 4328:Archived 4302:Archived 4269:Archived 4240:Archived 4189:59332510 4139:Archived 4135:BBC News 4079:Archived 4030:Archived 4004:Archived 3974:Archived 3689:Archived 3645:Archived 3616:Archived 3484:See also 3420:MV 3302:football 3210:Baikonur 3200:and the 3198:Ariane 5 3003:Scouting 2930:Cat Hill 2719:Cat Hill 2591:Governor 2465:seabirds 2363:seabirds 2351:waxbills 2347:sparrows 2335:canaries 2324:sailfish 2262:Reptiles 2225:mesquite 1997:Average 1501:rhyolite 1497:trachyte 1491:through 1327:Cat Hill 1227:A joint 1178:Cold War 1176:and the 1133:incident 1021:parallax 835:Peruvian 814:Napoleon 727:Trindade 618:Island, 557:Trindade 478:ASCN 1ZZ 410:Currency 346:Minister 299:Governor 269:under a 261:Devolved 9612:14°22′W 9482:English 9477:Cornish 9342:culture 9096:Vanuatu 8886:Oceania 8561:Jamaica 8554:Georgia 8474:Grenada 8429:Bermuda 8403:Bahamas 8389:Antigua 8270:Sarawak 7982:Namibia 7843:Nigeria 7819:Madeira 7739:Lesotho 7698:Minorca 7664:Ireland 7632:Corsica 7559:Former 7344:Ruperts 7110:25 June 6652:20 June 5721:. BBC. 5619:Jorge. 5536:48(267) 5521:4 April 5454:19 July 5147:Bibcode 5139:Geology 4863:4 March 4675:Bibcode 4578:20 June 4475:Twitter 4212:Bibcode 4167:Bibcode 4165:: 1–4. 4119:431–432 4010:23 June 3858:18 July 3478:Airlink 3473:Airlink 3464:Airlink 3432:of the 3416:Florida 3232:Equator 3168:Vietnam 3164:Ukraine 3120:Belarus 3025:Economy 3019:English 3007:Guiding 2991:Culture 2961:do so. 2563:Monarch 2377:(named 2371:petrels 2367:boobies 2266:lizards 2254:donkeys 2250:mammals 2191:due to 2189:extinct 2111:Ecology 1875:(63.0) 1870:(64.0) 1865:(64.0) 1860:(64.9) 1855:(63.0) 1850:(64.9) 1845:(66.9) 1840:(66.9) 1835:(66.9) 1830:(69.1) 1825:(70.0) 1820:(68.0) 1815:(66.0) 1805:(72.9) 1800:(72.7) 1795:(72.0) 1790:(70.0) 1785:(70.0) 1780:(70.0) 1775:(72.0) 1770:(73.0) 1765:(75.0) 1760:(75.9) 1755:(75.9) 1750:(75.0) 1745:(73.0) 1735:(82.0) 1730:(81.0) 1725:(80.1) 1720:(79.0) 1715:(79.0) 1710:(79.0) 1705:(81.0) 1700:(82.0) 1695:(84.0) 1690:(86.0) 1685:(86.0) 1680:(84.9) 1675:(82.9) 1665:(90.0) 1660:(87.1) 1655:(86.0) 1650:(84.0) 1645:(84.0) 1640:(84.0) 1635:(87.1) 1630:(87.1) 1625:(89.1) 1620:(90.0) 1615:(89.1) 1610:(89.1) 1605:(89.1) 1515:Climate 1482:clinker 1470:hotspot 1451:Geology 1445:craters 1295:in the 1212:in the 1131:Laconia 1126:bombers 1093:During 1013:krooman 898:second 829:Zenobia 823:Cruizer 772:Roebuck 638:History 516:in the 514:Equator 344:• 312:• 297:• 284:Monarch 282:• 249:English 220:14°25′W 201:Capital 9609:7°56′S 9361:Portal 9181:Now a 9152:Guiana 9106:Tuvalu 8709:Quebec 8481:Canada 8422:Belize 8314:Weihai 8258:Penang 8246:Padang 8176:Malaya 8170:Labuan 8164:Kuwait 8140:Cyprus 8134:Ceylon 8128:Brunei 8100:Borneo 8094:Bhutan 8088:Bengal 8024:Zambia 7955:Uganda 7717:Africa 7690:Colony 7680:Malta 7638:Cyprus 7626:Cyprus 7610:Europe 7576:Legend 7013:15 May 6872:- see 6526:16 May 6500:16 May 6474:4 July 6421:2 July 6389:2 July 6338:29 May 6233:"Home" 6150:3 June 6124:3 June 6098:3 June 5578: 5173: 5165: 4805: 4780: 4187: 3966: 3922: 3453:Helena 3359:). An 3292:Sports 3206:Kourou 3166:, and 3160:Taiwan 3152:Russia 3077:.ac.uk 3051:Maersk 2401:. The 2373:, and 2349:, and 2316:marlin 2308:bonito 2296:sharks 2205:bamboo 2087:2,659 1945:(6.8) 1940:(0.3) 1935:(0.3) 1930:(0.5) 1925:(0.4) 1920:(0.4) 1915:(0.5) 1910:(0.6) 1905:(0.4) 1900:(1.2) 1895:(1.5) 1890:(0.4) 1885:(0.3) 1556:Month 1489:basalt 1241:Ariane 947:, and 945:bamboo 902:voyage 900:Beagle 892:Botany 850:, HMS 842:. 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