Ergonomics - Knowledge

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workplaces make an effort to provide a well designed environment for sedentary employees, any employee who is performing large amounts of sitting will likely experience discomfort. There are existing conditions that would predispose both individuals and populations to an increase in prevalence of living sedentary lifestyles, including: socioeconomic determinants, education levels, occupation, living environment, age (as mentioned above) and more. A study published by the Iranian Journal of Public Health examined socioeconomic factors and sedentary lifestyle effects for individuals in a working community. The study concluded that individuals who reported living in low income environments were more inclined to living sedentary behavior compared to those who reported being of high socioeconomic status. Individuals who achieve less education are also considered to be a high risk group to partake in sedentary lifestyles, however, each community is different and has different resources available that may vary this risk. Oftentimes, larger worksites are associated with increased occupational sitting. Those who work in environments that are classified as business and office jobs are typically more exposed to sitting and sedentary behavior while in the workplace. Additionally, occupations that are full-time, have schedule flexibility, are also included in that demographic, and are more likely to sit often throughout their workday.

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and other symptoms. Every year, 1.8 million U.S. workers experience WRMDs and nearly 600,000 of the injuries are serious enough to cause workers to miss work. Certain jobs or work conditions cause a higher rate of worker complaints of undue strain, localized fatigue, discomfort, or pain that does not go away after overnight rest. These types of jobs are often those involving activities such as repetitive and forceful exertions; frequent, heavy, or overhead lifts; awkward work positions; or use of vibrating equipment. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has found substantial evidence that ergonomics programs can cut workers' compensation costs, increase productivity and decrease employee turnover. Mitigation solutions can include both short term and long-term solutions. Short and long-term solutions involve awareness training, positioning of the body, furniture and equipment and ergonomic exercises. Sit-stand stations and computer accessories that provide soft surfaces for resting the palm as well as split keyboards are recommended. Additionally, resources within the HR department can be allocated to provide assessments to employees to ensure the above criteria are met. Therefore, it is important to gather data to identify jobs or work conditions that are most problematic, using sources such as injury and illness logs, medical records, and job analyses.

1170:. It was no longer possible to adopt the Tayloristic principle of matching individuals to preexisting jobs. Now the design of equipment had to take into account human limitations and take advantage of human capabilities. The decision-making, attention, situational awareness and hand-eye coordination of the machine's operator became key in the success or failure of a task. There was substantial research conducted to determine the human capabilities and limitations that had to be accomplished. A lot of this research took off where the aeromedical research between the wars had left off. An example of this is the study done by Fitts and Jones (1947), who studied the most effective configuration of control knobs to be used in aircraft cockpits. 1388:

and the surveillance of non-fatal workplace injuries by OSHA and Bureau of Labor Statistics in 1971. 0–1.5 and occurs in a sitting or reclining position. Adults older than 50 years report spending more time sedentary and for adults older than 65 years this is often 80% of their awake time. Multiple studies show a dose-response relationship between sedentary time and all-cause mortality with an increase of 3% mortality per additional sedentary hour each day. High quantities of sedentary time without breaks is correlated to higher risk of chronic disease, obesity, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and cancer.

1327:(SAE) is a professional organization for mobility engineering professionals in the aerospace, automotive, and commercial vehicle industries. The Society is a standards development organization for the engineering of powered vehicles of all kinds, including cars, trucks, boats, aircraft, and others. The Society of Automotive Engineers has established a number of standards used in the automotive industry and elsewhere. It encourages the design of vehicles in accordance with established human factors principles. It is one of the most influential organizations with respect to ergonomics work in 971: 924: 932: 5916: 1122:

round personal development of the working people." Myasishchev rejected Frederick Taylor's proposal to turn man into a machine. Dull monotonous work was a temporary necessity until a corresponding machine can be developed. He also went on to suggest a new discipline of "ergology" to study work as an integral part of the re-organisation of work. The concept was taken up by Myasishchev's mentor, Bekhterev, in his final report on the conference, merely changing the name to "ergonology"

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implementation. As a modernized workplace becomes more and more technology-based more jobs are becoming primarily seated, therefore leading to a need to prevent chronic injuries and pain. This is becoming easier with the amount of research around ergonomic tools saving money companies by limiting the number of days missed from work and workers comp cases. The way to ensure that corporations prioritize these health outcomes for their employees is through policy and implementation.

43: 9925: 8554: 7688: 7102: 9951: 9938: 193: 1484:, task analysis is a way of systematically describing human interaction with a system or process to understand how to match the demands of the system or process to human capabilities. The complexity of this process is generally proportional to the complexity of the task being analyzed, and so can vary in cost and time involvement. It is a qualitative and observational process. Best used early in the design process. 7126: 8583: 7678: 7114: 1134:, the focus of aviation psychology was on the aviator himself, but the war shifted the focus onto the aircraft, in particular, the design of controls and displays, and the effects of altitude and environmental factors on the pilot. The war saw the emergence of aeromedical research and the need for testing and measurement methods. Studies on driver behavior started gaining momentum during this period, as 1296:(IEA) is a federation of ergonomics and human factors societies from around the world. The mission of the IEA is to elaborate and advance ergonomics science and practice, and to improve the quality of life by expanding its scope of application and contribution to society. As of September 2008, the International Ergonomics Association has 46 federated societies and 2 affiliated societies. 1215:

from small equipments to entire workstations and systems. Concurrently, a lot of opportunities started opening up in the civilian industry. The focus shifted from research to participation through advice to engineers in the design of equipment. After 1965, the period saw a maturation of the discipline. The field has expanded with the development of the computer and computer applications.

786:, which can develop over time and can lead to long-term disability. Human factors and ergonomics are concerned with the "fit" between the user, equipment, and environment or "fitting a job to a person" or "fitting the task to the man". It accounts for the user's capabilities and limitations in seeking to ensure that tasks, functions, information, and the environment suit that user. 735: 1826:

health and safety ... Human factors is a scientific discipline that applies systematic methods and knowledge about people to evaluate and improve the interaction between individuals, technology and organisations. The aim is to create a working environment (that to the largest extent possible) contributes to achieving healthy, effective and safe operations.

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Also known as "concurrent verbal protocol", this is the process of asking a user to execute a series of tasks or use technology, while continuously verbalizing their thoughts so that a researcher can gain insights as to the users' analytical process. Can be useful for finding design flaws that do not

1428:, this process focuses on observing the uses of technology in a practical environment. It is a qualitative and observational method that focuses on "real-world" experience and pressures, and the usage of technology or environments in the workplace. The process is best used early in the design process. 1404:

In the United States, there are no nationwide policies that are currently in place; however, a handful of big companies and states have taken on cultural policies to ensure the safety of all workers. For example, the state of Nevada risk management department has established a set of ground rules for

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As the American workforce began to shift towards sedentary employment, the prevalence of began to rise. In 1900, 41% of the US workforce was employed in agriculture but by 2000 that had dropped to 1.9% This coincides with an increase in growth in desk-based employment (25% of all employment in 2000)

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led to a major expansion of Defense supported research laboratories. Also, many labs established during WWII started expanding. Most of the research following the war was military-sponsored. Large sums of money were granted to universities to conduct research. The scope of the research also broadened

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Organizational ergonomics is concerned with the optimization of socio-technical systems, including their organizational structures, policies, and processes. Relevant topics include human communication successes or failures in adaptation to other system elements, crew resource management, work design,

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Cognitive ergonomics is concerned with mental processes, such as perception, emotion, memory, reasoning, and motor response, as they affect interactions among humans and other elements of a system. (Relevant topics include mental workload, decision-making, skilled performance, human reliability, work

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One of the most prevalent types of work-related injuries is musculoskeletal disorder. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) result in persistent pain, loss of functional capacity and work disability, but their initial diagnosis is difficult because they are mainly based on complaints of pain

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for the user. Best done at the outset of the design process, a user analysis will attempt to predict the most common users, and the characteristics that they would be assumed to have in common. This can be problematic if the design concept does not match the actual user, or if the identified are too

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Also known as prototyping, the iterative design process seeks to involve users at several stages of design, to correct problems as they emerge. As prototypes emerge from the design process, these are subjected to other forms of analysis as outlined in this article, and the results are then taken and

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Innovative workstations that are being tested include sit-stand desks, height adjustable desk, treadmill desks, pedal devices and cycle ergometers. In multiple studies these new workstations resulted in decreased waist circumference and improved psychological well-being. However a significant number

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New terms are being generated all the time. For instance, "user trial engineer" may refer to a human factors engineering professional who specializes in user trials. Although the names change, human factors professionals apply an understanding of human factors to the design of equipment, systems and

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A commonly used technique outside of human factors as well, surveys and questionnaires have an advantage in that they can be administered to a large group of people for relatively low cost, enabling the researcher to gain a large amount of data. The validity of the data obtained is, however, always

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Much of this research transcended into other equipment with the aim of making the controls and displays easier for the operators to use. The entry of the terms "human factors" and "ergonomics" into the modern lexicon date from this period. It was observed that fully functional aircraft flown by the

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Madeleine, P., Vangsgaard, S., de Zee, M., Kristiansen, M. V., Verma, R., Kersting, U. G., Villumsen, M., & Samani, A. (2014). Ergonomics in sports and at work. In Proceedings, 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management, ODAM, & 46th Annual Nordic

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Human Factors Engineering, Human Engineering, Human Factors, and Ergonomics ... describe a discipline concerned with designing machines, operations, and work environments so that they match human capacities and limitations ... The first three terms are used most widely in the United States ... The

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Ergonomics is a scientific discipline that applies systematic methods and knowledge about people to evaluate and approve the interaction between individuals, technology and organisation. The aim is to create a working environment and the tools in them for maximum work efficiency and maximum worker

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Bernardino Ramazzini was one of the first people to systematically study the illness that resulted from work earning himself the nickname "father of occupational medicine". In the late 1600s and early 1700s Ramazzini visited many worksites where he documented the movements of laborers and spoke to

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The Association of Canadian Ergonomists - l'Association canadienne d'ergonomie (ACE) was founded in 1968. It was originally named the Human Factors Association of Canada (HFAC), with ACE (in French) added in 1984, and the consistent, bilingual title adopted in 1999. According to it 2017 mission

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developed the first flight simulator. The trend continued and more sophisticated simulators and test equipment were developed. Another significant development was in the civilian sector, where the effects of illumination on worker productivity were examined. This led to the identification of the

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criticised Taylorism. Bekhterev argued that "The ultimate ideal of the labour problem is not in it , but is in such organisation of the labour process that would yield a maximum of efficiency coupled with a minimum of health hazards, absence of fatigue and a guarantee of the sound health and all

1061:(also known as "little foot"), a primate who created handheld tools out of different types of stone, clearly distinguishing between tools based on their ability to perform designated tasks. The foundations of the science of ergonomics appear to have been laid within the context of the culture of 1436:

are another form of qualitative research in which one individual will facilitate discussion and elicit opinions about the technology or process under investigation. This can be on a one-to-one interview basis, or in a group session. Can be used to gain a large quantity of deep qualitative data,

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after WWII extended the conception of human factors. "As the thinking progressed, a new concept developed—that it was possible to view an organization such as an air-defense, man-machine system as a single organism and that it was possible to study the behavior of such an organism. It was the

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of both consumer and industrial products for optimizing performance and to preventing / treating work-related disorders by reducing the mechanisms behind mechanically induced acute and chronic musculoskeletal injuries / disorders. Risk factors such as localized mechanical pressures, force and

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Obstacles surrounding better ergonomic features to sedentary employees include cost, time, effort and for both companies and employees. The evidence above helps establish the importance of ergonomics in a sedentary workplace, yet missing information from this problem is enforcement and policy

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To assess the fit between a person and the used technology, human factors specialists or ergonomists consider the job (activity) being done and the demands on the user; the equipment used (its size, shape, and how appropriate it is for the task), and the information used (how it is presented,

148:. Human factors research employs methods and approaches from these and other knowledge disciplines to study human behavior and generate data relevant to previously stated goals. In studying and sharing learning on the design of equipment, devices, and processes that fit the human body and its 1391:

Currently, there is a large proportion of the overall workforce who is employed in low physical activity occupations. Sedentary behavior, such as spending long periods of time in seated positions poses a serious threat for injuries and additional health risks. Unfortunately, even though some

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The Human Factors Transforming Healthcare (HFTH) is an international network of HF practitioners who are embedded within hospitals and health systems. The goal of the network is to provide resources for human factors practitioners and healthcare organizations looking to successfully apply HF

1090:" method, which proposed a way to find the optimum method of carrying out a given task. Taylor found that he could, for example, triple the amount of coal that workers were shoveling by incrementally reducing the size and weight of coal shovels until the fastest shoveling rate was reached. 1463:

Two subjects are asked to work concurrently on a series of tasks while vocalizing their analytical observations. The technique is also known as "Co-Discovery" as participants tend to feed off of each other's comments to generate a richer set of observations than is often possible with the

959:. Pressure that is insignificant or imperceptible to those unaffected by these disorders may be very painful, or render a device unusable, for those who are. Many ergonomically designed products are also used or recommended to treat or prevent such disorders, and to treat pressure-related 1773:

defines "ergonomics" and the "study of human factors" similarly, as the "scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles and methods to design to optimize overall human

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both agencies' responsibilities and employees' responsibilities. The agency responsibilities include evaluating workstations, using risk management resources when necessary and keeping OSHA records. To see specific workstation ergonomic policies and responsibilities click here.

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Jastrzębowski, W. B., Koradecka, D., (2000) An outline of ergonomics, or the science of work based upon the truths drawn from the Science of Nature: 1857 International Ergonomics Association., & Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. (2000).. Warsaw: Central Institute for Labour

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method in which the evaluators can apply user perspective to task scenarios to identify design problems. As applied to macroergonomics, evaluators are able to analyze the usability of work system designs to identify how well a work system is organized and how well the workflow is

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Problems related to measures of usability include the fact that measures of learning and retention of how to use an interface are rarely employed and some studies treat measures of how users interact with interfaces as synonymous with quality-in-use, despite an unclear relation.

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Ergonomics (or human factors) is the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design to optimize human well-being and overall system

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are methods for analyzing the time spent by workers on a particular task. One of the most widely used predetermined time system is called Methods-Time-Measurement. Other common work measurement systems include MODAPTS and MOST. Industry specific applications based on PTS are

911:. Driver error is listed as a contributing factor in 44% of fatal collisions in the United States, so a topic of particular interest is how road users gather and process information about the road and its environment, and how to assist them to make the appropriate decision. 1312:(IOM) was founded by the coal industry in 1969. From the outset the IOM employed an ergonomics staff to apply ergonomics principles to the design of mining machinery and environments. To this day, the IOM continues ergonomics activities, especially in the fields of 1456:

A supplementary technique used to examine a wide body of already existing data or literature to derive trends or form hypotheses to aid design decisions. As part of a literature survey, a meta-analysis can be performed to discern a collective trend from individual

1532:, this technique involves an operator who remotely controls the operation of a device to imitate the response of an actual computer program. It has the advantage of producing a highly changeable set of reactions, but can be quite costly and difficult to undertake. 1538:

is the process of studying the tasks a worker completes using a step-by-step investigation. Each task in broken down into smaller steps until each motion the worker performs is described. Doing so enables you to see exactly where repetitive or straining tasks

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though due to the small sample size, can be subject to a higher degree of individual bias. Can be used at any point in the design process, as it is largely dependent on the exact questions to be pursued, and the structure of the group. Can be extremely costly.

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This is a manual procedure done step-by-step to apply technological change to the workplace. It allows managers to be more aware of the human and organizational aspects of their technology plans, allowing them to efficiently integrate technology in these

1182:" could be greatly reduced when more logical and differentiable controls replaced confusing designs in airplane cockpits. After the war, the Army Air Force published 19 volumes summarizing what had been established from research during the war. 1493:

A method of quantifying human behavior, cognition, and processes; a tool used by human factors researchers and practitioners for both the analysis of human function and for the development of systems designed for optimal user experience and

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in question, as the questions must be written and interpreted correctly, and are, by definition, subjective. Those who actually respond are in effect self-selecting as well, widening the gap between the sample and the population further.

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determine the time required for a worker to complete each task. Time studies are often used to analyze cyclical jobs. They are considered "event based" studies because time measurements are triggered by the occurrence of predetermined

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principles to improve patient care and provider performance. The network also serves as collaborative platform for human factors practitioners, students, faculty, industry partners, and those curious about human factors in healthcare.

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is a method in which the job is sampled at random intervals to determine the proportion of total time spent on a particular task. It provides insight into how often workers are performing tasks which might cause strain on their

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started providing millions of Americans with automobiles. Another major development during this period was the performance of aeromedical research. By the end of World War I, two aeronautical labs were established, one at

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Polanyi, M. F.; Cole, D. C.; Ferrier, S. E.; Facey, M.; Worksite Upper Extremity Research Group (March 2005). "Paddling upstream: A contextual analysis of implementation of a workplace ergonomic policy at a large newspaper".

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There are many specializations within these broad categories. Specializations in the field of physical ergonomics may include visual ergonomics. Specializations within the field of cognitive ergonomics may include usability,

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incorporated into the new design. Trends among users are analyzed, and products redesigned. This can become a costly process, and needs to be done as soon as possible in the design process before designs become too concrete.

1065:. A good deal of evidence indicates that Greek civilization in the 5th century BC used ergonomic principles in the design of their tools, jobs, and workplaces. One outstanding example of this can be found in the description 1285:(HFES) was founded in 1957. The Society's mission is to promote the discovery and exchange of knowledge concerning the characteristics of human beings that are applicable to the design of systems and devices of all kinds. 1615:

This is a method that transforms consumer's responses to new products into design specifications. As applied to macroergonomics, this method can translate employee's responses to changes to a work system into design

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in a related discipline. Though some practitioners enter the field of human factors from other disciplines, both M.S. and PhD degrees in Human Factors Engineering are available from several universities worldwide.

848:, apparently without knowledge of Jastrzębowski's article, used the word with a slightly different meaning in 1858. The introduction of the term to the English lexicon is widely attributed to British psychologist 994:

the robot can use biomechanical models of the human co-worker in order to adjust the working configuration and account for various ergonomic metrics, such as human posture, joint torques, arm manipulability and

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is concerned with human anatomy, and some of the anthropometric, physiological, and biomechanical characteristics as they relate to physical activity. Physical ergonomic principles have been widely used in the

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and ambiguity tolerance. Low power distance has been shown to be more conducive to a safety culture. Organizations with cultures of concealment or lack of empathy have been shown to have poor safety culture.

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posture in a sedentary office environment lead to injuries attributed to an occupational environment. Physical ergonomics is important to those diagnosed with physiological ailments or disorders such as

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uses human factor principles to understand the actions and capabilities of road users – car and truck drivers, pedestrians, cyclists, etc. – and use this knowledge to design roads and streets to reduce

1363:) and physiologists. Designers (industrial, interaction, and graphic), anthropologists, technical communication scholars and computer scientists also contribute. Typically, an ergonomist will have an 8224: 8159: 1384:

Contemporary offices did not exist until the 1830s, with Wojciech Jastrzębowsk's seminal book on MSDergonomics following in 1857 and the first published study of posture appearing in 1955.

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Human factors engineering is relevant in the design of such things as safe furniture and easy-to-use interfaces to machines and equipment. Proper ergonomic design is necessary to prevent

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them about their ailments. He then published "De Morbis Artificum Diatriba" (Latin for Diseases of Workers) which detailed occupations, common illnesses, remedies. In the 19th century,

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Essentially yes, they are different terms with the same meaning but one term may be more in favour in one country or in one industry than another. They can be used interchangeably.

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Although field methods can be extremely useful because they are conducted in the users' natural environment, they have some major limitations to consider. The limitations include:

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Obinna P. Fidelis, Olusoji A. Adalumo, Ephraim O. Nwoye (2018). Ergonomic Suitability of Library Readers' Furniture in a Nigerian University; AJERD Vol 1, Issue 3,366-370

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is a predominantly North American term which has been adopted to emphasize the application of the same methods to non-work-related situations. A "human factor" is a physical or

887:, within the discipline of ergonomics there exist domains of specialization. These comprise three main fields of research: physical, cognitive, and organizational ergonomics. 10932: 9990: 10942: 10937: 1254:, body-mapping, movement patterns and heat zones, companies are able to manufacture purpose-specific garments, including full body suits, jerseys, shorts, shoes, and even 790:

accessed, and changed). Ergonomics draws on many disciplines in its study of humans and their environments, including anthropometry, biomechanics, mechanical engineering,

1039:, and quality management. Safety culture within an organization of engineers and technicians has been linked to engineering safety with cultural dimensions including 999:. The ergonomic suitability of the shared workspace with respect to these metrics can also be displayed to the human with workspace maps through visual interfaces. 7724: 3871: 1267: 5059: 3610:

Liu, Y (2007). IOE 333. Course pack. Industrial and Operations Engineering 333 (Introduction to Ergonomics), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. Winter 2007

8574: 8182: 1110: 1102:". They aimed to improve efficiency by eliminating unnecessary steps and actions. By applying this approach, the Gilbreths reduced the number of motions in 1018:

design.) Epidemiological studies show a correlation between the time one spends sedentary and their cognitive function such as lowered mood and depression.

1320:(PPE). Like many in occupational ergonomics, the demands and requirements of an ageing UK workforce are a growing concern and interest to IOM ergonomists. 1289:

statement, ACE unites and advances the knowledge and skills of ergonomics and human factors practitioners to optimise human and organisational well-being.

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This process is based around designing for the attributes of the intended user or operator, establishing the characteristics that define them, creating a

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Wickens, C. D.; Sandy, D. L.; Vidulich, M. (1983). "Compatibility and resource competition between modalities of input, central processing, and output".

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C. Dimitri, A. Effland, and N. Conklin, (2005) The 20th Century Transformation of U.S. Agriculture and Farm Policy, Economic Information Bulletin Number

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specific to humans that may influence the functioning of technological systems. The terms "human factors" and "ergonomics" are essentially synonymous.

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is concerned with human interaction with the environment as characterized by climate, temperature, pressure, vibration, light. The emerging field of

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participants separately. This is observed by the researcher, and can be used to discover usability difficulties. This process is usually recorded.

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H. Diamantopoulos and W. Wang, "Accommodating and Assisting Human Partners in Human–Robot Collaborative Tasks through Emotion Understanding," in

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This model helps manufacturing companies identify the organizational changes needed when new technologies are being considered for their process.

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Computer Ergonomics & Work Related Upper Limb Disorder Prevention- Making The Business Case For Pro-active Ergonomics (Rooney et al., 2008)

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Brookhuis, K., Hedge, A., Hendrick, H., Salas, E., and Stanton, N. (2005). Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomics Models. Florida: CRC Press.

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Huang, H. (2015). Development of New Methods to Support Systemic Incident Analysis (Doctoral dissertation, Queen Mary University of London).

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This model allows for evaluating computer-integrated manufacturing, organization, and people system design based on knowledge of the system.

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Human factors practitioners come from a variety of backgrounds, though predominantly they are psychologists (from the various subfields of

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in manufacturing environments, the artificial agents can be used to improve physical ergonomics of human co-workers. For example, during

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This method considers analysis and design modification of systems for the efficient transfer of technology from one culture to another.

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Wickens, C.D.; Lee J.D.; Liu Y.; Gorden Becker S.E. (1997). An Introduction to Human Factors Engineering, 2nd Edition. Prentice Hall.

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affect task performance, but may have a negative cognitive effect on the user. Also useful for utilizing experts to better understand

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Until recently, methods used to evaluate human factors and ergonomics ranged from simple questionnaires to more complex and expensive

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Peter Opsvik (2009), "Re-Thinking Sitting". Interesting insights on the history of the chair and how we sit from an ergonomic pioneer

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de Rezende, Leandro Fornias Machado; Rey-López, Juan Pablo; Matsudo, Victor Keihan Rodrigues; do Carmo Luiz, Olinda (9 April 2014).

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Full of examples and statistics illustrating the gap between existing technology and the human mind, with suggestions to narrow it

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Charles N. Jeffress (27 October 2000). "BEACON Biodynamics and Ergonomics Symposium". University of Connecticut, Farmington, Conn.

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climate for a breakthrough." In the initial 20 years after the World War II, most activities were done by the "founding fathers":

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Yang, Lin; Hipp, J. Aaron; Lee, Jung Ae; Tabak, Rachel G.; Dodson, Elizabeth A.; Marx, Christine M.; Brownson, Ross C. (2017).

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has resulted in more companies and industries including human factors in their product design. Using advanced technologies in

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Ergonomics Society Conference, NES, 17–20 August 2014, Copenhagen, Denmark (pp. 57-62). International Ergonomics Association.

1716: 4011: 3693:; Cohen, P. R. (2002). "Multimodal information presentation in support of human-automation communication and coordination". 9477: 8685: 8514: 7370: 7273: 7005: 5702: 4590: 4072: 1948:

last term, ergonomics, is used most frequently in other countries but is now becoming popular in the United States as well.

1293: 1282: 884: 164: 4001: 1997: 844:(The Outline of Ergonomics; i.e. Science of Work, Based on the Truths Taken from the Natural Science). The French scholar 10992: 9999: 9257: 9182: 9109: 9085: 9033: 7796: 6962: 6526: 6114: 1901: 17: 9917: 9869: 9502: 8888: 8641: 8464: 7157: 6030: 4006: 1656:

This method analyzes the structure of work systems according to their compatibility with unique sociotechnical aspects.

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also shows that the early Egyptian dynasties made tools and household equipment that illustrated ergonomic principles.

1331:. This society regularly holds conferences which address topics spanning all aspects of human factors and ergonomics. 10997: 10701: 10361: 10246: 10192: 9297: 8387: 8377: 8132: 7350: 7217: 7202: 7020: 6546: 6129: 5939: 5114: 4902: 4870: 3894: 3601: 3288: 2875: 2589: 2171: 2032: 1118: 2634: 10696: 10513: 10417: 10324: 9930: 9537: 9322: 9114: 8607: 5924: 2766:

Smithsonian Education. Carbon to Computers. (1998) A Short History of the Birth and Growth of the American Offic.

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vague to make clear design decisions from. This process is, however, usually quite inexpensive, and commonly used.

11085: 10093: 9532: 9512: 9225: 8970: 8678: 8673: 8646: 6663: 6291: 6268: 5934: 5014: 3064:"Work-related correlates of occupational sitting in a diverse sample of employees in Midwest metropolitan cities" 1324: 1144: 834:ἔργον, meaning "work", and νόμος, meaning "natural law") first entered the modern lexicon when Polish scientist 10108: 9790: 9750: 9705: 9412: 9235: 8805: 8742: 8564: 8429: 8084: 7821: 7733: 7506: 7433: 7423: 7268: 7197: 7118: 6937: 6887: 6699: 6596: 6357: 6258: 6171: 5944: 5707: 5079: 5031: 4297: 4245: 3993: 1239: 1109:

However, this approach was rejected by Russian researchers who focused on the well-being of the worker. At the

1015: 892: 677: 505: 4046:

Human Factors Engineering Collection, The University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections

4021: 2858:

Roughton, James E. (2003). "Occupational Injury and Illness Recording and Reporting Requirements, Part 1904".

9862: 9547: 9527: 9464: 8915: 8784: 8725: 8300: 8053: 7691: 7557: 7486: 7428: 7150: 7130: 6770: 6541: 5795: 5687: 5099: 4647: 3634: 3493:

Hornbaek, K (2006). "Current Practice in Measuring Usability: Challenges to Usability Studies and Research".

1317: 991: 927:

Physical ergonomics: the science of designing user interaction with equipment and workplaces to fit the user.

707: 276: 3023:"Association of Socioeconomic Factors and Sedentary Lifestyle in Belgrade's Suburb, Working Class Community" 11027: 10927: 10738: 10577: 10349: 10187: 10047: 9710: 9482: 9302: 8925: 8893: 8801: 8342: 8275: 8028: 7816: 7496: 7355: 7222: 6635: 6362: 5876: 5049: 4100: 3004: 2742: 717: 630: 2311:"A Human–Robot Collaboration Framework for Improving Ergonomics During Dexterous Operation of Power Tools" 1166:

marked the development of new and complex machines and weaponry, and these made new demands on operators'

10878: 10538: 10518: 10020: 9956: 9522: 8757: 8479: 8171: 8079: 8043: 7881: 7418: 7413: 7227: 6782: 6675: 6586: 6399: 6387: 6296: 5985: 5861: 5074: 2218:

Neuhaus, M.; Eakin, E. G.; Straker, L.; Owen, N.; Dunstan, D. W.; Reid, N.; Healy, G. N. (October 2014).

1940:"Handbook of Human Reliability Analysis with Emphasis on Nuclear Power Plant Applications. NUREG/CR-1278" 751: 85:

and design of products, processes, and systems. Primary goals of human factors engineering are to reduce

1508:

of the task in question. Less expensive than focus groups, but tends to be more specific and subjective.

1266:

Formed in 1946 in the UK, the oldest professional body for human factors specialists and ergonomists is

1226:. Tolerance of the harsh environment of space and its effects on the mind and body were widely studied. 10873: 10035: 9417: 9287: 9267: 9046: 8791: 8539: 8444: 8218: 7921: 7613: 7461: 7456: 7408: 7385: 7365: 6852: 6777: 6682: 6218: 5790: 5672: 5148: 4600: 4292: 4200: 3638:—An entertaining user-centered critique of nearly every gadget out there (at the time it was published) 3340:

Kuusela, H.; Paul, P. (2000). "A comparison of concurrent and retrospective verbal protocol analysis".

2469:

Marmaras, N.; Poulakakis, G.; Papakostopoulos, V. (August 1999). "Ergonomic design in ancient Greece".

1792: 1559: 1488: 1185:

In the decades since World War II, human factors has continued to flourish and diversify. Work by

1069:

gave of how a surgeon's workplace should be designed and how the tools he uses should be arranged. The

223: 2767: 1650:

This is a method to conduct systematic trade-off evaluations of work-system intervention alternatives.

10987: 10219: 9837: 9808: 9695: 9609: 9517: 9492: 9317: 9282: 9058: 8137: 8048: 8033: 7896: 7891: 7866: 7618: 7608: 6974: 6969: 6837: 6536: 6243: 6201: 6165: 6072: 5954: 5949: 5770: 5444: 5355: 5234: 1313: 1106:

from 18 to 4.5, allowing bricklayers to increase their productivity from 120 to 350 bricks per hour.

672: 663: 585: 407: 288: 3859:

A practical ergonomics methodology. Warning: very technical and not a suitable 'intro' to ergonomics

1721: 835: 11059: 11037: 10917: 10840: 10376: 10366: 10113: 9730: 9614: 9487: 9307: 9240: 9102: 9075: 8930: 8705: 8668: 8529: 8454: 8434: 8327: 7951: 7941: 7916: 7521: 7320: 7303: 7212: 6812: 6511: 6223: 6119: 5959: 5929: 5620: 5422: 5181: 5138: 5104: 4605: 4595: 4277: 4065: 3253: 3222: 2352:"Binary and Hybrid Work-Condition Maps for Interactive Exploration of Ergonomic Human Arm Postures" 1984:

National Cooperative Highway Research Project Report 600: Human Factors Guidelines for Road Systems

1528:

This is a comparatively uncommon technique but has seen some use in mobile devices. Based upon the

1083: 1032: 936: 783: 779: 298: 266: 152:

abilities, the two terms, "human factors" and "ergonomics", are essentially synonymous as to their

3864:

La qualité comme philosophie de la production.Interaction avec l'ergonomie et perspectives futures

3003:

Canadian Centre for Occupational Health. (2019, March 15). (none). Retrieved February, 2019, from

860:. He used it to encompass the studies in which he had been engaged during and after World War II. 11012: 10465: 10197: 10157: 10135: 9894: 9735: 9601: 9427: 9407: 9397: 9212: 9192: 9063: 9051: 9041: 8898: 8630: 8499: 8285: 7471: 7315: 7083: 7010: 6842: 5886: 5765: 5667: 5605: 5417: 5044: 4931: 4865: 4778: 3941: 1529: 1360: 1095: 853: 697: 595: 368: 333: 318: 313: 303: 252: 212: 31: 2219: 2077:"Clinical and functional aspects of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among active workers" 11002: 10865: 10793: 10758: 10475: 10354: 10309: 10234: 10103: 10025: 9852: 9847: 9822: 9770: 9765: 9605: 9597: 9588: 9583: 9552: 9444: 9230: 9167: 8920: 8839: 8094: 8074: 7861: 7831: 7526: 7283: 7278: 7106: 7078: 6857: 6581: 6067: 5978: 5740: 5692: 5662: 5499: 5467: 5457: 5274: 5259: 5239: 5121: 4892: 4887: 4162: 4034: 3217: 2134: 1344: 956: 791: 712: 645: 535: 447: 402: 378: 353: 283: 271: 237: 4045: 3438:"The Ergonomic Design of Workstation Using Rapid Prototyping and Response Surface Methodology" 2562:

Nikolayevich Myasishchev estia.com/library/1358216/the-history-of-human-factors-and-ergonomics

10965: 10845: 10733: 10723: 10706: 10662: 10560: 10480: 10440: 10398: 10329: 10314: 10277: 9879: 9842: 9740: 9649: 9644: 9619: 9347: 9327: 9177: 9097: 9070: 9001: 8769: 8089: 7345: 7298: 7063: 6847: 6382: 6283: 6176: 6025: 5682: 5677: 5615: 5560: 5509: 5131: 4662: 4635: 4307: 4235: 1704: 1596: 1352: 1160:, which suggested that motivational factors could significantly influence human performance. 1140: 1099: 1087: 1070: 692: 687: 605: 470: 437: 412: 308: 207: 202: 145: 970: 10982: 10885: 10788: 10728: 10637: 10632: 10528: 10470: 10455: 10267: 10262: 10152: 10088: 10073: 10057: 10052: 9832: 9639: 9624: 9592: 9579: 9440: 9352: 9220: 9187: 9162: 9016: 8980: 8874: 8844: 8663: 8290: 8265: 8069: 7986: 7836: 7826: 7786: 7741: 7643: 7481: 7340: 7330: 7242: 7187: 7173: 7038: 6822: 6687: 6653: 6601: 6426: 6421: 6367: 6323: 6213: 6151: 6040: 6035: 5750: 5526: 5479: 5299: 5294: 5069: 5064: 5039: 4979: 4823: 4803: 4755: 4625: 4540: 4378: 3927: 1884: 1602: 1505: 1498: 1364: 1348: 1008: 807: 590: 515: 427: 262: 247: 157: 3852:. Discusses memory, attention, decision making, stress and human error, among other topics 2702: 8: 11080: 10895: 10825: 10319: 10147: 9899: 9664: 9449: 9367: 8908: 8852: 8779: 8424: 8307: 8295: 8260: 8038: 8023: 8016: 7996: 7766: 7748: 7663: 7648: 7516: 7380: 7288: 7232: 7048: 7043: 6817: 6616: 6606: 6441: 6050: 5655: 5650: 5588: 5536: 5254: 5222: 5212: 5094: 5084: 4615: 4610: 4431: 4411: 4332: 4252: 4230: 4210: 4058: 2278:"A selective muscle fatigue management approach to ergonomic human–robot co-manipulation" 2050: 983: 923: 520: 510: 495: 460: 455: 442: 422: 417: 293: 232: 3468: 10970: 10713: 10691: 10686: 10604: 10599: 10555: 10282: 10015: 9857: 9700: 9690: 9659: 9454: 9402: 9312: 9262: 9121: 9080: 8996: 8903: 8883: 8737: 8715: 8710: 8459: 8363: 8280: 8099: 7653: 7293: 6670: 6253: 6102: 5755: 5719: 5583: 5472: 5452: 5325: 5289: 5176: 5158: 5089: 4725: 4585: 4565: 4520: 4421: 4406: 3996: 3811: 3758: 3668: 3510: 3460: 3357: 3322: 3088: 3063: 3039: 3022: 2978: 2951: 2927: 2892: 2867: 2812: 2676: 2530: 2505: 2378: 2351: 2258: 1939: 1861:"Safety and Health Topics | Ergonomics | Occupational Safety and Health Administration" 1610: 1583: 1356: 1114: 908: 903: 795: 615: 560: 555: 490: 432: 393: 323: 133: 9968: 3706: 3553:

Chapter 10: Allowances, Localized Fatigue, Musculoskeletal Disorders, and Biomechanics

3208:

Carrol, J.M. (1997). "Human-Computer Interaction: Psychology as a Science of Design".

2482: 841:

Rys ergonomji czyli nauki o pracy, opartej na prawdach poczerpniętych z Nauki Przyrody

101:

and comfort with a specific focus on the interaction between the human and equipment.

10890: 10850: 10803: 10627: 10609: 10497: 10162: 10078: 9950: 9943: 9937: 9720: 9715: 9629: 9431: 9172: 9139: 9006: 8867: 8815: 8774: 8752: 8720: 8509: 8322: 8001: 7976: 7871: 7856: 7567: 7325: 6832: 6827: 6755: 6704: 6478: 6458: 6446: 6406: 6377: 6345: 6263: 6156: 6124: 6020: 5866: 5846: 5578: 5543: 5375: 5269: 5249: 5168: 5021: 4956: 4630: 4580: 4555: 4515: 4510: 4441: 4287: 4030: 3890: 3822: 3803: 3795: 3764: 3729: 3710: 3619: 3597: 3464: 3365: 3326: 3284: 3235: 3185: 3132: 3093: 3044: 2983: 2932: 2914: 2871: 2595: 2585: 2535: 2486: 2383: 2332: 2250: 2242: 2172:"Ergonomic Guidelines for Common Job Functions Within The Telecommunication Industry" 2098: 2033:"Ergonomic Guidelines for Common Job Functions Within The Telecommunication Industry" 1691:

Much longer study periods and therefore requires much goodwill among the participants

1587: 1328: 1195: 1175: 947: 739: 540: 465: 373: 358: 242: 121: 4040: 2093: 2076: 1926: 1668:

This method uses computerized tools and statistical analysis for workstation design.

1035:, community ergonomics, cooperative work, new work programs, virtual organizations, 11095: 10912: 10808: 10798: 10570: 10487: 10229: 10214: 10182: 9149: 9090: 8879: 8822: 8250: 8245: 7911: 7851: 7638: 7582: 7360: 7252: 7247: 6997: 6750: 6709: 6521: 6496: 6308: 6238: 6082: 5836: 5625: 5593: 5553: 5548: 5345: 5335: 5153: 4984: 4941: 4914: 4909: 4763: 4730: 4720: 4570: 4498: 4302: 4240: 4220: 4205: 3837: 3815: 3787: 3702: 3672: 3658: 3563: 3514: 3502: 3452: 3349: 3314: 3227: 3124: 3083: 3075: 3034: 2973: 2963: 2922: 2904: 2863: 2802: 2659: 2525: 2517: 2478: 2449: 2373: 2363: 2322: 2309:

Kim, Wansoo; Peternel, Luka; Lorenzini, Marta; Babič, Jan; Ajoudani, Arash (2021).

2289: 2262: 2234: 2088: 1688:

Very high effort in planning, recruiting, and executing compared with other methods

1645: 1575: 1441: 1190: 1157: 942: 931: 815: 545: 500: 485: 480: 363: 338: 9021: 3560:

Production Ergonomics: Designing Work Systems to Support Optimal Human Performance

3231: 2807: 2790: 2454: 2437: 2131:"Workplace Ergonomics: NIOSH Provides Steps to Minimize Musculoskeletal Disorders" 2051:"6 affordable products that have helped me deal with back pain and muscle tension" 1905: 10830: 10657: 10224: 10118: 10098: 10030: 9889: 9780: 9745: 9654: 9542: 9436: 9392: 9372: 9245: 8961: 8940: 8695: 8524: 8504: 8332: 8011: 8006: 7961: 7702: 7658: 7511: 7491: 7375: 7237: 7058: 6760: 6563: 6556: 6491: 6431: 6313: 6303: 6233: 6206: 6191: 6146: 6136: 6087: 5896: 5831: 5640: 5610: 5598: 5462: 5360: 5227: 4560: 4327: 4130: 4105: 4095: 3128: 2603: 1481: 1372: 1368: 1235: 343: 141: 3506: 3303:"A Mixed Reality system for the ergonomic assessment of industrial workstations" 3079: 2893:"Sedentary behavior and health outcomes among older adults: a systematic review" 1570:

Miller, Doug (2013). "Towards Sustainable Labour Costing in UK Fashion Retail".

10860: 10775: 10765: 10753: 10669: 10642: 10587: 10533: 10344: 10304: 10294: 9382: 9362: 9272: 8965: 8857: 8732: 8489: 8449: 8337: 8317: 8312: 7931: 7811: 7562: 7466: 7207: 6745: 6531: 6468: 6453: 6436: 6394: 6196: 6077: 5881: 5630: 5531: 5484: 5186: 4999: 4994: 4989: 4845: 4773: 4530: 4488: 4172: 4140: 4016: 3841: 3791: 3594:

Designing for People: An introduction to human factors engineering, 3nd Edition

3318: 2327: 2310: 2294: 2277: 1243: 1091: 1062: 1040: 996: 3456: 2368: 1694:

Studies are longitudinal in nature, therefore, attrition can become a problem.

11074: 10960: 10907: 10835: 10681: 10492: 10299: 10289: 9884: 9827: 9817: 9377: 9197: 9157: 9153: 9144: 8987: 8956: 8945: 8935: 8862: 8764: 8658: 8494: 8255: 7956: 7901: 7542: 7310: 7053: 6932: 6740: 6714: 6591: 6551: 6516: 6506: 6486: 6228: 6186: 6161: 6109: 6097: 6092: 6001: 5856: 5775: 5760: 5745: 5516: 5494: 5400: 5284: 5217: 5191: 5126: 4969: 4926: 4921: 4768: 4652: 4550: 4272: 4125: 4110: 3907: 3799: 3690: 3302: 2968: 2918: 2909: 2577: 2402:

2021 International Conference on Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (ICMAE)

2336: 2246: 1550: 1512: 1475: 1451: 849: 831: 650: 610: 530: 525: 137: 129: 2599: 11054: 11042: 10743: 10523: 10393: 10386: 10381: 10125: 9674: 8975: 8952: 8409: 8383: 8373: 7966: 7906: 7876: 7577: 7572: 7501: 7073: 6501: 6350: 6340: 6318: 6248: 6141: 6055: 5891: 5871: 5851: 5841: 5816: 5570: 5405: 5385: 5370: 5340: 5330: 5109: 4964: 4946: 4882: 4860: 4818: 4808: 4705: 4695: 4667: 4398: 4388: 4215: 4155: 3588:

Lawrence Erlbaum Associates—A useful summary of human performance measures.

3369: 3239: 3136: 3097: 3048: 2987: 2936: 2607: 2539: 2521: 2490: 2387: 2254: 2102: 1960: 1432: 1255: 1186: 1163: 1148: 1028: 987: 960: 635: 328: 117: 90: 10409: 8599: 3807: 3663: 3646: 1633:

Computer-integrated Manufacturing, Organization, and People System Design:

979:

of additional studies have seen no marked improvement in health outcomes.

10818: 10748: 10582: 10460: 10339: 9813: 9725: 9669: 9507: 9292: 8991: 8810: 8419: 7886: 7781: 7776: 7068: 6765: 6463: 6372: 6335: 5504: 5427: 5395: 4855: 4798: 4416: 4373: 4348: 4317: 4312: 4267: 4192: 4182: 4167: 4120: 2728: 1998:"Human Factors Engineering Professional Education University of Michigan" 1579: 1425: 1251: 1247: 1179: 1131: 1103: 1066: 1036: 799: 550: 257: 113: 86: 82: 3005:

https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/ergonomics/sitting/sitting_overview.html

2952:"The contribution of office work to sedentary behaviour associated risk" 2276:

Peternel, Luka; Fang, Cheng; Tsagarakis, Nikos; Ajoudani, Arash (2019).

1888: 1860: 11032: 11022: 10780: 10565: 10550: 10543: 10272: 10142: 10130: 10040: 9760: 9755: 9472: 8747: 8519: 8469: 8414: 7936: 7926: 7801: 7791: 7771: 7761: 7587: 7552: 7142: 6694: 6416: 5714: 5521: 5434: 5412: 5380: 5279: 5264: 5244: 5009: 4974: 4936: 4850: 4813: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4700: 4657: 4642: 4620: 4545: 4383: 4363: 4282: 4150: 4145: 4115: 4081: 3756: 3361: 2890: 1662:

This method assesses work-system processes by using a ten-step process.

1199: 1152: 1135: 803: 348: 184: 125: 105: 78: 74: 8160:

Istituto nazionale per l'assicurazione contro gli infortuni sul lavoro

2816: 2238: 1417:

labs. Some of the more common human factors methods are listed below:

915:

working methods to improve comfort, health, safety, and productivity.

10718: 10652: 10619: 9422: 8240: 8208: 7946: 7756: 6792: 6611: 6181: 6062: 5901: 5821: 5635: 5320: 4674: 4575: 4535: 4505: 4426: 4262: 4225: 2839:

Wyatt, I. D. (2006). "Occupational changes during the 20th century".

1845: 1414: 1219: 1167: 952: 600: 149: 109: 3353: 3155: 2438:"The Bone Tool-Manufacturing Ability of Australopithecus Prometheus" 1222:

created new human factors issues such as weightlessness and extreme

192: 11047: 10674: 10592: 10241: 9874: 9634: 9339: 8484: 7971: 7841: 7335: 6658: 6411: 6045: 6015: 5735: 4793: 4783: 4715: 4710: 4679: 4525: 4480: 4358: 4353: 4257: 4135: 3886: 3879: 3182:

Human Factors Methods; A Practical Guide For Engineering and Design

3180:

Stanton, N.; Salmon, P.; Walker G.; Baber, C.; Jenkins, D. (2005).

3179: 2768:

http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/scitech/carbons/text/birth.html

1986:(Second ed.). Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board. 1770: 1711: 1223: 1211: 872: 625: 620: 580: 153: 2075:

Walsh, Isabel A P.; Oishi, Jorge; Coury, Helenice J C Gil (2008).

11007: 10813: 10647: 10371: 9775: 6330: 5365: 5315: 5054: 5004: 4788: 4493: 4177: 3591: 2468: 1518: 5970: 3695:

Advances in Human Performance and Cognitive Engineering Research

3567: 2424:

Safety–I and safety–II: the past and future of safety management

1981: 10209: 8270: 7192: 6625: 5489: 4837: 4476: 4002:

Engineering Data Compendium of Human Perception and Performance

3777: 2729:"About HFTH | About Human Factors Transforming Healthcare" 1021: 98: 94: 3742:

Alvin R. Tilley & Henry Dreyfuss Associates (1993, 2002),

2743:"Learning Center - Human Factors and Ergonomics - SAE MOBILUS" 2275: 1242:(HCI). Likewise, the growing demand for and competition among 30:"Human factors" redirects here. For the academic journal, see 7392: 6787: 5350: 4050: 3307:

International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing

1178:, a lieutenant in the U.S. Army, showed that this so-called " 1098:

expanded Taylor's methods in the early 1900s to develop the "

4017:

NIOSH Topic Page on Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders

3883: 3757:

Wickens, C.D.; Lee J.D.; Liu Y.; Gorden Becker S.E. (2003).

3301:

Bruno, Fabio; Barbieri, Loris; Muzzupappa, Maurizio (2020).

1014:

stress and training as these may relate to human–system and

104:

The field is a combination of numerous disciplines, such as

7603: 6913:

Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety

6719: 5390: 4833: 3981:

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

2506:"Bernardino Ramazzini: The Father of Occupational Medicine" 868: 640: 2564:

The History of Human Factors and Ergonomics, David Meister

2189:"What Is Ergonomics and Its Application in The Real World" 4368: 4007:

Index of Non-Government Standards on Human Engineering...

3760:

An Introduction to Human Factors Engineering, 2nd Edition

3020: 2350:

Peternel, Luka; Schøn, Daniel Tofte; Fang, Cheng (2021).

2308: 1620:

High Integration of Technology, Organization, and People:

3744:

The Measure of Man & Woman: Human Factors in Design

1982:

John L. Campbell; Monica G. Lichty; et al. (2012).

9998: 3577:. A classic introduction on ergonomics—Original title: 3300: 3113: 2217: 1685:

Usually take more time and resources than other methods

1666:

Virtual manufacturing and response surface methodology:

1268:

The Chartered Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors

5060:

List of countries by rate of fatal workplace accidents

3647:"Multimodal systems that process what comes naturally" 3592:

Lee, J.D.; Wickens, C.D.; Liu Y.; Boyle, L.N. (2017).

8183:

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

4012:

Index of Government Standards on Human Engineering...

3975:

International Journal of Human Factors and Ergonomics

2160:. Farmington, Connecticut: University of Connecticut. 1111:

First Conference on Scientific Organization of Labour

3823:"Warranty claims analysis considering human factors" 3532:. Vol. 2. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. 3184:. Aldershot, Hampshire: Ashgate Publishing Limited. 3527: 3394: 3016: 3014: 3012: 2115: 898:Some specializations may cut across these domains: 8369:Occupational Safety and Health Act (United States) 8154:Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety 7732: 3689: 3644: 3021:Konevic, S.; Martinovic, J.; Djonovic, N. (2015). 2582:Ergonomics: The history and scope of human factors 2302: 1889:Fitting the Task to the Man: An Ergonomic Approach 1057:Some have stated that human ergonomics began with 935:Generally acceptable weights and positions during 2622:Manpower Development: The System Training Concept 2349: 11072: 8166:National Institute for Safety and Health at Work 3061: 3009: 2677:"Association of Canadian Ergonomists - about us" 1740: 167:defines ergonomics or human factors as follows: 54:Practical demonstrations of ergonomic principles 8214:Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981 3495:International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 2791:"World Distribution of Certain Postural Habits" 2074: 1961:"Home Page of Environmental Ergonomics Society" 3949:International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 3581:(Dutch)—published and updated since the 1960s. 2343: 2315:Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing 2282:Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing 10425: 9984: 8615: 8178:Occupational Safety and Health Administration 8128:European Agency for Safety and Health at Work 7718: 7158: 5986: 4066: 4026:European Agency for Safety and Health at Work 3955:Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing 3618:. Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 2576: 2269: 1937: 759: 3850:Engineering Psychology and Human Performance 3445:IIE Transactions on Design and Manufacturing 3422: 3420: 3418: 3416: 3414: 3412: 3410: 3408: 3406: 2949: 2504:Franco, Giuliano; Franco, Francesca (2001). 2503: 1744:An Introduction to Human Factors Engineering 1174:best-trained pilots, still crashed. In 1943 1022:Organizational ergonomics and safety culture 878: 839: 10923:Political polarization in the United States 10439: 8629: 3830:Reliability Engineering & System Safety 3616:The History of Human Factors and Ergonomics 3492: 3339: 2999: 2997: 2158:BEACON Biodynamics and Ergonomics Symposium 1724:(1799–1882), a Polish pioneer of ergonomics 10432: 10418: 9991: 9977: 8622: 8608: 7822:Coalworker's pneumoconiosis ("black lung") 7725: 7711: 7165: 7151: 6948:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 5993: 5979: 4073: 4059: 3878:, Institut d'Etudes Supérieures L'Avenir, 3645:Oviatt, S. L.; Cohen, P. R. (March 2000). 3279: 3277: 3275: 3273: 3271: 2557: 2555: 2553: 2551: 2549: 766: 752: 10976:Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal 6908:Centre for Disease Prevention and Control 6898:Center for Disease Control and Prevention 5802:Comprehensive Employment and Training Act 3901: 3662: 3403: 3390: 3388: 3221: 3203: 3201: 3087: 3038: 2977: 2967: 2926: 2908: 2806: 2529: 2453: 2377: 2367: 2326: 2293: 2092: 1789:Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors 1766: 1764: 1272:Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors 10205:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 9786:Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance 7356:Software development process/methodology 7172: 5646:Job losses caused by the Great Recession 4323:Simultaneous recruiting of new graduates 3968:Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science 2994: 2857: 2572: 2570: 2156:Jeffress, Charles N. 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Taylor & Francis; 3rd Edition. 1810: 1316:; heat stress and the ergonomics of 1294:International Ergonomics Association 1283:Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 1052: 885:International Ergonomics Association 871:property of an individual or social 165:International Ergonomics Association 10993:Digital media use and mental health 10000:Digital media use and mental health 9258:Digital media use and mental health 8394:Workers' right to access the toilet 7125: 6274:Workers' right to access the toilet 6115:Human right to water and sanitation 5144:Workers' right to access the toilet 3997:Directory of Design Support Methods 3994:Directory of Design Support Methods 3882:, année universitaire 1992–93, TIU 3586:Human Performance Measures Handbook 2707:Association of Canadian Ergonomists 2681:Association of Canadian Ergonomists 1660:Macroergonomic analysis and design: 1371:, and usually a master's degree or 895:, and user experience engineering. 24: 8889:Automatic and controlled processes 8465:International Chemical Safety Card 3539: 3342:The American Journal of Psychology 3143: 3104: 2860:OSHA 2002 Recordkeeping Simplified 2206: 2048: 1791:. 9 September 2023. Archived from 1310:Institute of Occupational Medicine 1229: 852:, at the 1949 meeting at the UK's 838:used the word in his 1857 article 25: 11107: 10998:Effects of violence in mass media 10702:Smartphones and pedestrian safety 10362:Smartphones and pedestrian safety 10247:Narcissistic personality disorder 9298:Smartphones and pedestrian safety 8475:National Day of Mourning (Canada) 8133:International Labour Organization 7351:Software configuration management 7218:Search-based software engineering 7203:Experimental software engineering 6547:Commercial determinants of health 6000: 3987: 3254:"Survey Methods, Pros & Cons" 2510:American Journal of Public Health 1850:. Website. Retrieved 7 June 2020. 1119:Vladimir Nikolayevich Myasishchev 856:, which led to the foundation of 10971:2021 Facebook company files leak 10697:Mobile phones and driving safety 10325:Mobile phones and driving safety 10283:2021 Facebook company files leak 9949: 9936: 9924: 9923: 9323:Mobile phones and driving safety 8581: 8553: 8552: 7687: 7686: 7676: 7124: 7112: 7101: 7100: 6130:National public health institute 5915: 5914: 5208:Corporate collapses and scandals 3726:Variability in Human performance 3573:Jan Dul and Bernard Weedmaster, 3027:Iranian Journal of Public Health 2868:10.1016/b978-075067559-8/50029-6 1334: 1261: 955:(both chronic and temporary) or 733: 191: 10943:2020 U.S. presidential election 10938:2016 U.S. presidential election 10094:Computer-mediated communication 9226:Computer-mediated communication 6527:Open-source healthcare software 6269:Sociology of health and illness 3596:. Charleston, SC: CreateSpace. 3521: 3486: 3429: 3376: 3333: 3294: 3246: 3173: 3055: 2943: 2884: 2851: 2832: 2823: 2782: 2772: 2760: 2735: 2721: 2695: 2669: 2652: 2635:"WHAT DOES HUMAN FACTORS MEAN?" 2627: 2614: 2497: 2462: 2429: 2416: 2407: 2394: 2181: 2164: 2149: 2109: 2094:10.1590/s0034-89102008000100014 2068: 2042: 2025: 2015: 1990: 1975: 1953: 1847:Human Factors/Ergonomics (HF/E) 1325:Society of Automotive Engineers 1145:Wright-Patterson Air Force Base 974:Ergonomically designed keyboard 904:human factors in highway safety 11091:Occupational safety and health 9503:Empathising–systemising theory 8806:female intrasexual competition 8743:Evolutionarily stable strategy 8430:Environment, health and safety 8085:Occupational health psychology 7734:Occupational safety and health 7198:Empirical software engineering 6888:Caribbean Public Health Agency 6700:Sexually transmitted infection 6597:Statistical hypothesis testing 6358:Occupational safety and health 6259:Sexual and reproductive health 6172:Occupational safety and health 5708:Employment-to-population ratio 5080:Occupational health psychology 4080: 3746:A human factors design manual. 3397:Measurement and Design of Work 1963:. Environmental-ergonomics.org 1920: 1894: 1878: 1853: 1734: 846:Jean-Gustave Courcelle-Seneuil 13: 1: 10514:Betteridge's law of headlines 10193:Obsessive–compulsive disorder 9863:Standard social science model 8916:Cognitive tradeoff hypothesis 8301:Personal protective equipment 8054:Workplace health surveillance 6542:Social determinants of health 5796:Works Progress Administration 5688:Unemployment Convention, 1919 5100:Personal protective equipment 4648:Occupational Outlook Handbook 4022:Office Ergonomics Information 3848:Wickens and Hollands (2000). 3707:10.1016/S1479-3601(02)02004-0 3635:The Design of Everyday Things 3436:Ben-Gal; et al. (2002). 3232:10.1146/annurev.psych.48.1.61 2862:. 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London: Ubiquity Press. 3319:10.1007/s12008-020-00664-x 2404:, 2021: IEEE, pp. 523-528. 2356:Frontiers in Neurorobotics 2328:10.1016/j.rcim.2020.102084 2295:10.1016/j.rcim.2019.01.013 1702: 1560:Predetermined time systems 1489:Human performance modeling 1408: 1240:human–computer interaction 1047: 1016:human–computer interaction 1006: 893:human–computer interaction 780:repetitive strain injuries 29: 10988:Cultural impact of TikTok 10953: 10859: 10774: 10618: 10506: 10451: 10255: 10173: 10066: 10006: 9912: 9838:Environmental determinism 9809:Cultural selection theory 9801: 9696:Evolutionary epistemology 9683: 9610:evolutionary neuroscience 9572: 9565: 9463: 9338: 9283:Rank theory of depression 9206: 9130: 9032: 8838: 8831: 8785:Parent–offspring conflict 8694: 8637: 8548: 8402: 8356: 8233: 8196: 8146: 8138:World Health Organization 8120: 8108: 8062: 8049:Occupational epidemiology 8034:Prevention through design 7985: 7892:Laboratory animal allergy 7817:Chimney sweeps' carcinoma 7792:Byssinosis ("brown lung") 7740: 7672: 7631: 7596: 7535: 7449: 7442: 7401: 7261: 7180: 7096: 7031: 6990: 6975:World Toilet Organization 6970:World Health Organization 6877: 6866: 6803: 6728: 6644: 6572: 6537:Public health informatics 6477: 6282: 6244:Right to rest and leisure 6073:Globalization and disease 6008: 5910: 5809: 5771:Guaranteed minimum income 5728: 5569: 5443: 5356:Organizational commitment 5308: 5200: 5167: 5030: 4955: 4832: 4754: 4688: 4475: 4397: 4341: 4191: 4088: 3651:Communications of the ACM 3584:Valerie J Gawron (2000), 3457:10.1080/07408170208928877 2620:Porter, Elias H. 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Archived from 1722:Wojciech Jastrzębowski 1422:Ethnographic analysis: 1345:engineering psychology 1276:The Ergonomics Society 1189:and others within the 982:With the emergence of 975: 957:carpal tunnel syndrome 939: 928: 858:The Ergonomics Society 840: 836:Wojciech Jastrzębowski 792:industrial engineering 646:Psychology of religion 586:Behavioral engineering 272:Cognitive neuroscience 238:Affective neuroscience 174: 55: 10966:Criticism of Facebook 10846:Social influence bias 10734:Information pollution 10724:Information explosion 10707:Texting while driving 10663:Low information voter 10561:Pink-slime journalism 10399:Texting while driving 10330:Promotion of anorexia 10315:Evolutionary mismatch 10278:Criticism of Facebook 10009:diagnostic categories 9880:Multilineal evolution 9843:Nature versus nurture 9802:Theoretical positions 9650:Functional psychology 9645:Evolutionary medicine 9620:Biological psychiatry 9328:Texting while driving 9318:Lead–crime hypothesis 9178:Cognitive development 9163:Caregiver deprivation 8674:Gene selection theory 8565:Occupational diseases 8530:Workers' compensation 8090:Occupational medicine 7952:Silo-filler's disease 7917:Mule spinners' cancer 7346:Software architecture 7299:Forward compatibility 6963:Public Health Service 6848:Social norms approach 6838:PRECEDE–PROCEED model 6284:Preventive healthcare 6177:Pharmaceutical policy 6026:Chief Medical Officer 5945:Aspects of workplaces 5683:Unemployment benefits 5678:Types of unemployment 5616:Graduate unemployment 5510:Letter of resignation 5139:Workers' compensation 5132:Occupational fatality 4636:Vocational university 4236:Employment counsellor 3885:Press, Independence, 3664:10.1145/330534.330538 2002:nexus.engin.umich.edu 1785:"What is ergonomics?" 1705:Outline of ergonomics 1597:Cognitive walkthrough 1396:Policy implementation 1353:perceptual psychology 1304:Related organizations 1210:The beginning of the 1141:Brooks Air Force Base 1100:time and motion study 1088:scientific management 1071:archaeological record 973: 934: 926: 794:, industrial design, 740:Psychology portal 169: 146:user interface design 53: 10983:Criticism of Netflix 10789:Availability cascade 10729:Information overload 10638:Attention management 10633:Attention inequality 10529:Human-interest story 10471:Behavioral modernity 10456:Cognitive psychology 10268:Behavioral modernity 10263:Behavioral addiction 10089:Cognitive ergonomics 10074:Digital anthropology 10067:Disciplines involved 10058:Video game addiction 10053:Television addiction 9833:Cultural determinism 9640:Evolutionary biology 9625:Cognitive psychology 9573:Academic disciplines 9221:Cognitive ergonomics 9188:Language acquisition 9168:Childhood attachment 8981:Wason selection task 8875:Behavioral modernity 8664:Cognitive revolution 8647:Evolutionary thought 8291:Engineering controls 8266:Emergency evacuation 8070:Environmental health 7837:De Quervain syndrome 7827:Concussions in sport 7644:Computer engineering 7341:Software archaeology 7331:Programming paradigm 7243:Software maintenance 7188:Computer programming 7174:Software engineering 7039:Sara Josephine Baker 6938:Public Health Agency 6823:Health communication 6688:Disease surveillance 6654:Asymptomatic carrier 6636:Statistical software 6324:Preventive nutrition 6152:Medical anthropology 6041:Environmental health 5751:Job creation program 5527:Mandatory retirement 5480:Employee offboarding 5300:Workplace incivility 5295:Workplace harassment 5070:Occupational disease 5065:Occupational burnout 4980:Disability insurance 4824:Workweek and weekend 4804:Retroactive overtime 4626:Vocational education 4541:Continuing education 4379:Permanent employment 3928:Ergonomics in Design 3614:Meister, D. (1999). 2436:Dart, R. A. (1960). 2321:. Elsevier: 102084. 1603:usability inspection 1580:10.2139/ssrn.2212100 1506:procedural knowledge 1499:Think aloud protocol 1365:undergraduate degree 1349:cognitive psychology 1077:Industrial societies 1009:Cognitive ergonomics 1003:Cognitive ergonomics 984:collaborative robots 808:cognitive psychology 10896:Post-truth politics 10826:Mean world syndrome 10320:Fear of missing out 9900:Unilineal evolution 9665:Population genetics 9450:Sexy son hypothesis 9388:Hormonal motivation 9368:Concealed ovulation 8909:Dual process theory 8780:Parental investment 8425:Effects of overtime 8308:Job safety analysis 8296:Hazard substitution 8261:Emergency procedure 8039:Exposure assessment 8024:Occupational stress 8017:Psychosocial hazard 7997:Occupational hazard 7862:Flock worker's lung 7664:Systems engineering 7649:Information science 7429:Service orientation 7381:Structured analysis 7289:Compatibility layer 7233:Software deployment 7049:Carl Rogers Darnall 7044:Samuel Jay Crumbine 6818:Health belief model 6671:Notifiable diseases 6607:Regression analysis 6442:Waterborne diseases 6031:Cultural competence 5656:Recession-proof job 5651:Lists of recessions 5589:Economic depression 5537:Retirement planning 5418:Work–life interface 5255:Employee monitoring 5223:Corporate behaviour 5213:Accounting scandals 5095:Occupational stress 5085:Occupational injury 4616:Reflective practice 4611:Professional school 4333:Work-at-home scheme 4253:Induction programme 4231:Employment contract 4211:Business networking 3872:Sciences Appliquées 3579:Vademecum Ergonomie 3555:(not yet published) 3256:. Better Office.net 3156:"Ergonomics Policy" 2288:. Elsevier: 69–79. 1908:on 24 November 2011 1639:Anthropotechnology: 1461:Subjects-in-tandem: 1380:Sedentary workplace 943:Physical ergonomics 919:Physical ergonomics 591:Behavioral genetics 506:Occupational health 248:Behavioral genetics 179:Part of a series on 18:Physical ergonomics 10714:Influence-for-hire 10692:Media multitasking 10687:Human multitasking 10605:Tabloid television 10556:Media manipulation 10016:Computer addiction 9858:Social determinism 9741:Fisher's principle 9701:Great ape language 9691:Cultural evolution 9660:Philosophy of mind 9493:Division of labour 9455:Westermarck effect 9403:Mating preferences 9313:Distracted driving 9047:Literary criticism 8904:Domain specificity 8884:modularity of mind 8460:Indoor air quality 8364:Diving regulations 8281:Hazard elimination 8100:Safety engineering 7654:Project management 7419:Object orientation 7386:Essential analysis 7294:Compatibility mode 6647:disease prevention 6582:Case–control study 6254:Security of person 6103:Health care reform 5919:See also templates 5756:Job creation index 5720:Youth unemployment 5584:Discouraged worker 5473:Wrongful dismissal 5453:At-will employment 5326:Civil conscription 5290:Workplace bullying 5177:Affirmative action 5159:Workplace wellness 5090:Occupational noise 4726:Long service leave 4586:Overspecialization 4566:Induction training 4521:Career development 3963:(0.260, 2001–2003) 3957:(0.311, 2001–2003) 3951:(0.395, 2001–2003) 3935:Applied Ergonomics 3923:(0.747, 2001–2003) 3862:Zamprotta, Luigi, 3682:Stephen Pheasant, 3117:Applied Ergonomics 2747:saemobilus.sae.org 2471:Applied Ergonomics 2362:. Frontiers: 114. 1357:applied psychology 1323:The International 1115:Vladimir Bekhterev 976: 940: 929: 909:traffic collisions 796:information design 708:Schools of thought 546:Sport and exercise 394:Applied psychology 134:interaction design 81:principles to the 56: 11068: 11067: 10891:Fake news website 10851:Spiral of silence 10804:Confirmation bias 10628:Attention economy 10610:Yellow journalism 10498:Social psychology 10407: 10406: 10079:Digital sociology 9966: 9965: 9944:Psychology portal 9908: 9907: 9751:Hologenome theory 9721:Unit of selection 9716:Primate cognition 9630:Cognitive science 9561: 9560: 9432:Sexual attraction 9408:Mating strategies 9173:Cinderella effect 9103:Moral foundations 9007:Visual perception 8899:Domain generality 8868:Facial expression 8816:Sexual dimorphism 8775:Natural selection 8721:Hamiltonian spite 8597: 8596: 8510:Safety data sheet 8323:Operations manual 8204:Bangladesh Accord 8192: 8191: 8002:Biological hazard 7700: 7699: 7627: 7626: 7568:Information model 7472:Incremental model 7326:Modeling language 7140: 7139: 7092: 7091: 7002:Higher education 6833:Positive deviance 6828:Health psychology 6804:Health behavioral 6731:safety management 6705:Social distancing 6479:Population health 6459:Smoking cessation 6407:Pharmacovigilance 6378:Injury prevention 6346:Infection control 6264:Social psychology 6214:Prisoners' rights 6157:Medical sociology 6125:Public health law 6021:Biological hazard 5968: 5967: 5867:Post-work society 5847:Kiss up kick down 5579:Barriers to entry 5544:Severance package 5376:Human trafficking 5270:Sexual harassment 5250:Employee handbook 5169:Equal opportunity 5032:Safety and health 5022:Take-home vehicle 4631:Vocational school 4581:Lifelong learning 4556:Further education 4516:Career counseling 4511:Career assessment 4288:Overqualification 3770:978-0-321-01229-6 3763:. Prentice Hall. 3735:978-1-4665-7972-9 3716:978-0-7623-0748-7 3625:978-0-8058-2769-9 3191:978-0-7546-4661-7 2956:BMC Public Health 2897:BMC Public Health 2789:Hewes, G (1955). 2239:10.1111/obr.12201 1601:This method is a 1329:automotive design 1274:and before that, 1196:Alphonse Chapanis 1176:Alphonse Chapanis 1164:World War II 1053:Ancient societies 883:According to the 776: 775: 673:Counseling topics 616:Consumer behavior 359:Psycholinguistics 243:Affective science 122:industrial design 51: 16:(Redirected from 11103: 10913:Knowledge divide 10809:Crowd psychology 10799:Bandwagon effect 10571:Public relations 10488:Media psychology 10434: 10427: 10420: 10411: 10410: 10230:Anorexia nervosa 10215:Bipolar disorder 10183:Anxiety disorder 9993: 9986: 9979: 9970: 9969: 9953: 9940: 9927: 9926: 9570: 9569: 9566:Related subjects 9353:Adult attachment 8880:Cognitive module 8836: 8835: 8823:Social selection 8797:Costly signaling 8792:Sexual selection 8679:Modern synthesis 8624: 8617: 8610: 8601: 8600: 8585: 8584: 8556: 8555: 8251:Contingency plan 8246:Code of practice 8118: 8117: 7912:Metal fume fever 7727: 7720: 7713: 7704: 7703: 7690: 7689: 7680: 7679: 7639:Computer science 7447: 7446: 7361:Software quality 7253:Systems analysis 7248:Software testing 7167: 7160: 7153: 7144: 7143: 7128: 7127: 7116: 7115: 7104: 7103: 6998:Health education 6875: 6874: 6729:Food hygiene and 6710:Tropical disease 6522:Infant mortality 6497:Community health 6373:Controlled Drugs 6309:Health promotion 6239:Right to housing 6083:Health economics 5995: 5988: 5981: 5972: 5971: 5955:Critique of work 5950:Corporate titles 5918: 5917: 5837:Evil corporation 5703:Employment rates 5626:Jobless recovery 5594:Great Depression 5554:Golden parachute 5549:Golden handshake 5346:Job satisfaction 5336:Critique of work 5154:Workplace phobia 4985:Health insurance 4942:Wage compression 4910:Progressive wage 4764:35-hour workweek 4731:No call, no show 4721:Leave of absence 4571:Knowledge worker 4499:Master craftsman 4303:Personality hire 4241:Executive search 4221:Curriculum vitae 4206:Background check 4075: 4068: 4061: 4052: 4051: 3845: 3827: 3819: 3774: 3751:The Human Factor 3739: 3720: 3676: 3666: 3629: 3607: 3534: 3533: 3525: 3519: 3518: 3490: 3484: 3483: 3481: 3479: 3473: 3467:. Archived from 3442: 3433: 3427: 3424: 3401: 3400: 3392: 3383: 3380: 3374: 3373: 3337: 3331: 3330: 3298: 3292: 3281: 3266: 3265: 3263: 3261: 3250: 3244: 3243: 3225: 3205: 3196: 3195: 3177: 3171: 3170: 3168: 3166: 3152: 3141: 3140: 3111: 3102: 3101: 3091: 3059: 3053: 3052: 3042: 3018: 3007: 3001: 2992: 2991: 2981: 2971: 2947: 2941: 2940: 2930: 2912: 2888: 2882: 2881: 2855: 2849: 2848: 2841:Monthly Lab. Rev 2836: 2830: 2827: 2821: 2820: 2810: 2786: 2780: 2776: 2770: 2764: 2758: 2757: 2755: 2753: 2739: 2733: 2732: 2725: 2719: 2718: 2716: 2714: 2699: 2693: 2692: 2690: 2688: 2673: 2667: 2666: 2656: 2650: 2649: 2647: 2645: 2639:www.linkedin.com 2631: 2625: 2618: 2612: 2611: 2574: 2565: 2559: 2544: 2543: 2533: 2501: 2495: 2494: 2466: 2460: 2459: 2457: 2433: 2427: 2420: 2414: 2411: 2405: 2398: 2392: 2391: 2381: 2371: 2347: 2341: 2340: 2330: 2306: 2300: 2299: 2297: 2273: 2267: 2266: 2224: 2215: 2204: 2203: 2201: 2199: 2185: 2179: 2178: 2176: 2168: 2162: 2161: 2153: 2147: 2146: 2144: 2142: 2127: 2118: 2117: 2113: 2107: 2106: 2096: 2072: 2066: 2065: 2063: 2061: 2046: 2040: 2039: 2037: 2029: 2023: 2019: 2013: 2012: 2010: 2008: 1994: 1988: 1987: 1979: 1973: 1972: 1970: 1968: 1957: 1951: 1950: 1944: 1935: 1929: 1924: 1918: 1917: 1915: 1913: 1904:. Archived from 1898: 1892: 1882: 1876: 1875: 1873: 1871: 1857: 1851: 1842: 1829: 1828: 1822: 1814: 1808: 1807: 1802: 1800: 1781: 1775: 1768: 1759: 1758: 1757:on 19 June 2018. 1756: 1750:. Archived from 1749: 1738: 1646:Systems analysis 1591: 1536:Methods analysis 1442:Iterative design 1234:The dawn of the 1191:RAND Corporation 1158:Hawthorne Effect 1132:World War I 1096:Lillian Gilbreth 843: 816:space psychology 768: 761: 754: 738: 737: 736: 703:Research methods 364:Psychophysiology 224:Basic psychology 195: 176: 175: 61:, also known as 52: 21: 11111: 11110: 11106: 11105: 11104: 11102: 11101: 11100: 11071: 11070: 11069: 11064: 10949: 10864: 10855: 10831:Negativity bias 10779: 10770: 10658:Cognitive miser 10614: 10507:Media practices 10502: 10447: 10438: 10408: 10403: 10251: 10225:Eating disorder 10175: 10169: 10119:Neuroergonomics 10099:Cyberpsychology 10062: 10008: 10002: 9997: 9967: 9962: 9904: 9890:Neoevolutionism 9797: 9781:Species complex 9746:Group selection 9684:Research topics 9679: 9655:Neuropsychology 9557: 9543:Substance abuse 9465:Sex differences 9459: 9373:Coolidge effect 9334: 9246:Neuroergonomics 9211: 9202: 9126: 9028: 8962:Folk psychology 8843: 8827: 8697: 8690: 8633: 8628: 8598: 8593: 8544: 8525:Toxic workplace 8505:Risk management 8398: 8352: 8333:Risk assessment 8229: 8188: 8142: 8113: 8104: 8058: 8012:Physical hazard 8007:Chemical hazard 7988: 7981: 7746: 7743: 7736: 7731: 7701: 7696: 7668: 7659:Risk management 7623: 7592: 7531: 7512:Waterfall model 7482:Prototype model 7477:Iterative model 7438: 7414:Aspect-oriented 7397: 7376:Software system 7257: 7238:Software design 7176: 7171: 7141: 7136: 7088: 7059:Margaret Sanger 7027: 6986: 6870: 6868: 6862: 6805: 6799: 6771:Safety scandals 6730: 6724: 6646: 6640: 6574: 6568: 6564:Social medicine 6557:Race and health 6492:Child mortality 6473: 6432:Open defecation 6314:Human nutrition 6304:Family planning 6292:Behavior change 6278: 6234:Right to health 6147:Maternal health 6137:Health politics 6088:Health literacy 6004: 5999: 5969: 5964: 5960:Organized labor 5930:Aspects of jobs 5906: 5897:Toxic workplace 5832:Emotional labor 5805: 5729:Public programs 5724: 5641:Great Recession 5611:Full employment 5599:Long Depression 5565: 5463:Banishment room 5439: 5361:Refusal of work 5304: 5228:Corporate crime 5196: 5163: 5026: 4951: 4828: 4750: 4684: 4561:Graduate school 4471: 4393: 4337: 4328:Underemployment 4187: 4131:Self-employment 4106:Contingent work 4096:Academic tenure 4089:Classifications 4084: 4079: 3990: 3904: 3899: 3825: 3821:Wu, S. (2011). 3771: 3736: 3717: 3632:Donald Norman, 3626: 3604: 3547: 3542: 3540:Further reading 3537: 3526: 3522: 3491: 3487: 3477: 3475: 3474:on 21 July 2011 3471: 3440: 3434: 3430: 3425: 3404: 3393: 3386: 3381: 3377: 3354:10.2307/1423365 3338: 3334: 3299: 3295: 3282: 3269: 3259: 3257: 3252: 3251: 3247: 3206: 3199: 3192: 3178: 3174: 3164: 3162: 3154: 3153: 3144: 3112: 3105: 3060: 3056: 3019: 3010: 3002: 2995: 2948: 2944: 2889: 2885: 2878: 2856: 2852: 2837: 2833: 2828: 2824: 2787: 2783: 2777: 2773: 2765: 2761: 2751: 2749: 2741: 2740: 2736: 2727: 2726: 2722: 2712: 2710: 2701: 2700: 2696: 2686: 2684: 2675: 2674: 2670: 2660:"NASA-STD-3000" 2658: 2657: 2653: 2643: 2641: 2633: 2632: 2628: 2619: 2615: 2592: 2575: 2568: 2560: 2547: 2502: 2498: 2467: 2463: 2434: 2430: 2421: 2417: 2412: 2408: 2399: 2395: 2348: 2344: 2307: 2303: 2274: 2270: 2233:(10): 822–838. 2227:Obesity Reviews 2222: 2216: 2207: 2197: 2195: 2187: 2186: 2182: 2174: 2170: 2169: 2165: 2154: 2150: 2140: 2138: 2137:on 19 June 2008 2129: 2128: 2121: 2114: 2110: 2073: 2069: 2059: 2057: 2049:Kaplan, Sally. 2047: 2043: 2035: 2031: 2030: 2026: 2020: 2016: 2006: 2004: 1996: 1995: 1991: 1980: 1976: 1966: 1964: 1959: 1958: 1954: 1942: 1936: 1932: 1925: 1921: 1911: 1909: 1900: 1899: 1895: 1883: 1879: 1869: 1867: 1859: 1858: 1854: 1843: 1832: 1820: 1816: 1815: 1811: 1798: 1796: 1795:on 30 July 2021 1783: 1782: 1778: 1769: 1762: 1754: 1747: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1708: 1701: 1675: 1616:specifications. 1526:"Wizard of Oz": 1482:activity theory 1411: 1398: 1382: 1373:doctoral degree 1369:health sciences 1337: 1306: 1264: 1236:Information Age 1232: 1230:Information age 1208: 1128: 1086:pioneered the " 1079: 1055: 1050: 1024: 1011: 1005: 921: 881: 863:The expression 824: 772: 734: 732: 725: 724: 723: 722: 698:Psychotherapies 666: 656: 655: 576: 568: 567: 566: 565: 396: 386: 385: 384: 383: 344:Neuropsychology 226: 142:user experience 42: 38: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 11109: 11099: 11098: 11093: 11088: 11083: 11066: 11065: 11063: 11062: 11057: 11052: 11051: 11050: 11040: 11035: 11030: 11025: 11020: 11015: 11010: 11005: 11000: 10995: 10990: 10985: 10980: 10979: 10978: 10973: 10963: 10957: 10955: 10954:Related topics 10951: 10950: 10948: 10947: 10946: 10945: 10940: 10935: 10925: 10920: 10915: 10910: 10905: 10904: 10903: 10898: 10888: 10883: 10882: 10881: 10870: 10868: 10861:Digital divide 10857: 10856: 10854: 10853: 10848: 10843: 10838: 10833: 10828: 10823: 10822: 10821: 10816: 10806: 10801: 10796: 10791: 10785: 10783: 10776:Cognitive bias 10772: 10771: 10769: 10768: 10766:Sticky content 10763: 10762: 10761: 10756: 10754:Binge-watching 10746: 10741: 10736: 10731: 10726: 10721: 10716: 10711: 10710: 10709: 10704: 10699: 10694: 10684: 10679: 10678: 10677: 10670:Digital zombie 10667: 10666: 10665: 10655: 10650: 10645: 10643:Attention span 10640: 10635: 10630: 10624: 10622: 10616: 10615: 10613: 10612: 10607: 10602: 10597: 10596: 10595: 10588:Sensationalism 10585: 10580: 10575: 10574: 10573: 10568: 10563: 10553: 10548: 10547: 10546: 10541: 10536: 10534:Junk food news 10531: 10521: 10516: 10510: 10508: 10504: 10503: 10501: 10500: 10495: 10490: 10485: 10484: 10483: 10478: 10473: 10463: 10458: 10452: 10449: 10448: 10437: 10436: 10429: 10422: 10414: 10405: 10404: 10402: 10401: 10396: 10391: 10390: 10389: 10379: 10374: 10369: 10364: 10359: 10358: 10357: 10352: 10347: 10345:Binge-watching 10337: 10332: 10327: 10322: 10317: 10312: 10307: 10305:Digital zombie 10302: 10297: 10295:Cyberpathology 10292: 10287: 10286: 10285: 10275: 10270: 10265: 10259: 10257: 10256:Related topics 10253: 10252: 10250: 10249: 10244: 10239: 10238: 10237: 10232: 10222: 10217: 10212: 10207: 10202: 10201: 10200: 10195: 10190: 10179: 10177: 10171: 10170: 10168: 10167: 10166: 10165: 10160: 10155: 10150: 10140: 10139: 10138: 10128: 10123: 10122: 10121: 10116: 10111: 10106: 10101: 10096: 10091: 10081: 10076: 10070: 10068: 10064: 10063: 10061: 10060: 10055: 10050: 10045: 10044: 10043: 10033: 10028: 10023: 10018: 10012: 10010: 10004: 10003: 9996: 9995: 9988: 9981: 9973: 9964: 9963: 9961: 9960: 9947: 9934: 9921: 9913: 9910: 9909: 9906: 9905: 9903: 9902: 9897: 9892: 9887: 9882: 9877: 9872: 9867: 9866: 9865: 9860: 9855: 9850: 9845: 9840: 9835: 9830: 9825: 9811: 9805: 9803: 9799: 9798: 9796: 9795: 9794: 9793: 9788: 9783: 9778: 9773: 9768: 9763: 9758: 9753: 9748: 9743: 9738: 9733: 9728: 9718: 9713: 9708: 9703: 9698: 9693: 9687: 9685: 9681: 9680: 9678: 9677: 9672: 9667: 9662: 9657: 9652: 9647: 9642: 9637: 9632: 9627: 9622: 9617: 9612: 9595: 9586: 9576: 9574: 9567: 9563: 9562: 9559: 9558: 9556: 9555: 9550: 9545: 9540: 9535: 9530: 9525: 9520: 9515: 9510: 9505: 9500: 9495: 9490: 9485: 9480: 9475: 9469: 9467: 9461: 9460: 9458: 9457: 9452: 9447: 9434: 9425: 9420: 9415: 9410: 9405: 9400: 9395: 9390: 9385: 9380: 9375: 9370: 9365: 9360: 9355: 9350: 9344: 9342: 9336: 9335: 9333: 9332: 9331: 9330: 9325: 9320: 9315: 9305: 9300: 9295: 9290: 9285: 9280: 9275: 9273:Mind-blindness 9270: 9265: 9260: 9255: 9250: 9249: 9248: 9243: 9238: 9233: 9228: 9217: 9215: 9204: 9203: 9201: 9200: 9195: 9190: 9185: 9180: 9175: 9170: 9165: 9160: 9147: 9142: 9136: 9134: 9128: 9127: 9125: 9124: 9119: 9118: 9117: 9107: 9106: 9105: 9095: 9094: 9093: 9088: 9083: 9073: 9068: 9067: 9066: 9056: 9055: 9054: 9049: 9038: 9036: 9030: 9029: 9027: 9026: 9025: 9024: 9019: 9014: 9004: 8999: 8994: 8985: 8984: 8983: 8978: 8968: 8966:theory of mind 8959: 8950: 8949: 8948: 8943: 8938: 8928: 8923: 8918: 8913: 8912: 8911: 8906: 8901: 8896: 8891: 8877: 8872: 8871: 8870: 8865: 8860: 8849: 8847: 8833: 8829: 8828: 8826: 8825: 8820: 8819: 8818: 8813: 8808: 8799: 8789: 8788: 8787: 8777: 8772: 8767: 8762: 8761: 8760: 8750: 8745: 8740: 8735: 8733:Baldwin effect 8730: 8729: 8728: 8723: 8718: 8708: 8702: 8700: 8692: 8691: 8689: 8688: 8683: 8682: 8681: 8676: 8671: 8666: 8661: 8651: 8650: 8649: 8638: 8635: 8634: 8627: 8626: 8619: 8612: 8604: 8595: 8594: 8592: 8591: 8579: 8578: 8577: 8572: 8567: 8549: 8546: 8545: 8543: 8542: 8537: 8532: 8527: 8522: 8517: 8515:Source control 8512: 8507: 8502: 8497: 8492: 8490:Process safety 8487: 8482: 8477: 8472: 8467: 8462: 8457: 8452: 8450:Health physics 8447: 8442: 8437: 8432: 8427: 8422: 8417: 8412: 8406: 8404: 8400: 8399: 8397: 8396: 8391: 8381: 8371: 8366: 8360: 8358: 8354: 8353: 8351: 8350: 8345: 8340: 8338:Safety culture 8335: 8330: 8325: 8320: 8318:Permit To Work 8315: 8313:Lockout-tagout 8310: 8305: 8304: 8303: 8298: 8293: 8288: 8283: 8273: 8268: 8263: 8258: 8253: 8248: 8243: 8237: 8235: 8231: 8230: 8228: 8227: 8222: 8216: 8211: 8206: 8200: 8198: 8194: 8193: 8190: 8189: 8187: 8186: 8180: 8175: 8169: 8163: 8157: 8150: 8148: 8144: 8143: 8141: 8140: 8135: 8130: 8124: 8122: 8115: 8106: 8105: 8103: 8102: 8097: 8092: 8087: 8082: 8077: 8072: 8066: 8064: 8060: 8059: 8057: 8056: 8051: 8046: 8041: 8036: 8031: 8026: 8021: 8020: 8019: 8014: 8009: 8004: 7993: 7991: 7983: 7982: 7980: 7979: 7977:Writer's cramp 7974: 7969: 7964: 7959: 7954: 7949: 7944: 7939: 7934: 7932:Pneumoconiosis 7929: 7924: 7919: 7914: 7909: 7904: 7899: 7897:Lead poisoning 7894: 7889: 7884: 7879: 7874: 7872:Golfer's elbow 7869: 7864: 7859: 7857:Fiddler's neck 7854: 7849: 7844: 7839: 7834: 7829: 7824: 7819: 7814: 7812:Chronic stress 7809: 7804: 7799: 7797:Cardiovascular 7794: 7789: 7784: 7779: 7774: 7769: 7764: 7759: 7753: 7751: 7738: 7737: 7730: 7729: 7722: 7715: 7707: 7698: 7697: 7695: 7694: 7684: 7673: 7670: 7669: 7667: 7666: 7661: 7656: 7651: 7646: 7641: 7635: 7633: 7632:Related fields 7629: 7628: 7625: 7624: 7622: 7621: 7616: 7611: 7606: 7600: 7598: 7594: 7593: 7591: 7590: 7585: 7580: 7575: 7570: 7565: 7563:Function model 7560: 7555: 7550: 7545: 7539: 7537: 7533: 7532: 7530: 7529: 7524: 7519: 7514: 7509: 7504: 7499: 7494: 7489: 7484: 7479: 7474: 7469: 7467:Executable UML 7464: 7459: 7453: 7451: 7444: 7440: 7439: 7437: 7436: 7431: 7426: 7421: 7416: 7411: 7405: 7403: 7399: 7398: 7396: 7395: 7390: 7389: 7388: 7378: 7373: 7368: 7363: 7358: 7353: 7348: 7343: 7338: 7333: 7328: 7323: 7318: 7313: 7308: 7307: 7306: 7301: 7296: 7291: 7286: 7276: 7271: 7265: 7263: 7259: 7258: 7256: 7255: 7250: 7245: 7240: 7235: 7230: 7225: 7220: 7215: 7210: 7208:Formal methods 7205: 7200: 7195: 7190: 7184: 7182: 7178: 7177: 7170: 7169: 7162: 7155: 7147: 7138: 7137: 7135: 7134: 7122: 7110: 7097: 7094: 7093: 7090: 7089: 7087: 7086: 7081: 7076: 7071: 7066: 7061: 7056: 7051: 7046: 7041: 7035: 7033: 7029: 7028: 7026: 7025: 7024: 7023: 7018: 7013: 7008: 7000: 6994: 6992: 6988: 6987: 6985: 6984: 6977: 6972: 6967: 6966: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6950: 6942: 6941: 6940: 6935: 6927: 6926: 6925: 6917: 6916: 6915: 6910: 6902: 6901: 6900: 6892: 6891: 6890: 6881: 6879: 6872: 6867:Organizations, 6864: 6863: 6861: 6860: 6855: 6850: 6845: 6840: 6835: 6830: 6825: 6820: 6815: 6809: 6807: 6801: 6800: 6798: 6797: 6796: 6795: 6790: 6780: 6775: 6774: 6773: 6768: 6763: 6758: 6753: 6748: 6743: 6734: 6732: 6726: 6725: 6723: 6722: 6717: 6712: 6707: 6702: 6697: 6692: 6691: 6690: 6680: 6679: 6678: 6668: 6667: 6666: 6656: 6650: 6648: 6642: 6641: 6639: 6638: 6633: 6632: 6631: 6623: 6614: 6609: 6604: 6594: 6589: 6584: 6578: 6576: 6573:Biological and 6570: 6569: 6567: 6566: 6561: 6560: 6559: 6554: 6549: 6539: 6534: 6532:Multimorbidity 6529: 6524: 6519: 6514: 6509: 6504: 6499: 6494: 6489: 6483: 6481: 6475: 6474: 6472: 6471: 6469:Vector control 6466: 6461: 6456: 6454:School hygiene 6451: 6450: 6449: 6444: 6439: 6437:Sanitary sewer 6434: 6429: 6424: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6403: 6402: 6395:Patient safety 6392: 6391: 6390: 6385: 6380: 6375: 6370: 6365: 6355: 6354: 6353: 6348: 6343: 6338: 6328: 6327: 6326: 6321: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6300: 6299: 6288: 6286: 6280: 6279: 6277: 6276: 6271: 6266: 6261: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6221: 6216: 6211: 6210: 6209: 6204: 6199: 6194: 6189: 6179: 6174: 6169: 6159: 6154: 6149: 6144: 6139: 6134: 6133: 6132: 6127: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6106: 6105: 6100: 6090: 6085: 6080: 6078:Harm reduction 6075: 6070: 6065: 6060: 6059: 6058: 6053: 6043: 6038: 6033: 6028: 6023: 6018: 6012: 6010: 6006: 6005: 5998: 5997: 5990: 5983: 5975: 5966: 5965: 5963: 5962: 5957: 5952: 5947: 5942: 5937: 5932: 5927: 5921: 5920: 5911: 5908: 5907: 5905: 5904: 5899: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5882:Sunday scaries 5879: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5859: 5854: 5849: 5844: 5839: 5834: 5829: 5824: 5819: 5813: 5811: 5807: 5806: 5799: 5798: 5793: 5788: 5783: 5778: 5773: 5768: 5763: 5758: 5753: 5748: 5743: 5738: 5732: 5730: 5726: 5725: 5723: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5711: 5710: 5705: 5695: 5690: 5685: 5680: 5675: 5670: 5665: 5660: 5659: 5658: 5653: 5648: 5643: 5633: 5631:Phillips curve 5628: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5608: 5603: 5602: 5601: 5596: 5586: 5581: 5575: 5573: 5567: 5566: 5564: 5563: 5558: 5557: 5556: 5551: 5541: 5540: 5539: 5534: 5532:Retirement age 5529: 5519: 5514: 5513: 5512: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5487: 5485:Exit interview 5482: 5477: 5476: 5475: 5470: 5465: 5455: 5449: 5447: 5441: 5440: 5438: 5437: 5432: 5431: 5430: 5425: 5415: 5410: 5409: 5408: 5403: 5398: 5393: 5388: 5383: 5378: 5373: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5312: 5310: 5306: 5305: 5303: 5302: 5297: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5277: 5272: 5267: 5262: 5257: 5252: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5235:Discrimination 5232: 5231: 5230: 5225: 5220: 5215: 5204: 5202: 5198: 5197: 5195: 5194: 5189: 5187:Gender pay gap 5184: 5179: 5173: 5171: 5165: 5164: 5162: 5161: 5156: 5151: 5146: 5141: 5136: 5135: 5134: 5124: 5119: 5118: 5117: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5036: 5034: 5028: 5027: 5025: 5024: 5019: 5018: 5017: 5007: 5002: 5000:Parental leave 4997: 4995:Marriage leave 4992: 4990:Life insurance 4987: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4961: 4959: 4953: 4952: 4950: 4949: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4929: 4924: 4919: 4918: 4917: 4907: 4906: 4905: 4900: 4895: 4890: 4880: 4879: 4878: 4873: 4863: 4858: 4853: 4848: 4846:Income bracket 4842: 4840: 4830: 4829: 4827: 4826: 4821: 4816: 4811: 4806: 4801: 4796: 4791: 4786: 4781: 4776: 4774:Eight-hour day 4771: 4766: 4760: 4758: 4752: 4751: 4749: 4748: 4743: 4738: 4733: 4728: 4723: 4718: 4713: 4708: 4703: 4698: 4692: 4690: 4686: 4685: 4683: 4682: 4677: 4672: 4671: 4670: 4665: 4655: 4650: 4645: 4640: 4639: 4638: 4633: 4628: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4583: 4578: 4573: 4568: 4563: 4558: 4553: 4548: 4543: 4533: 4531:Creative class 4528: 4523: 4518: 4513: 4508: 4503: 4502: 4501: 4491: 4489:Apprenticeship 4485: 4483: 4473: 4472: 4470: 4469: 4464: 4459: 4457:Scarlet-collar 4454: 4449: 4444: 4439: 4434: 4429: 4424: 4419: 4414: 4409: 4403: 4401: 4395: 4394: 4392: 4391: 4386: 4381: 4376: 4371: 4366: 4361: 4356: 4351: 4345: 4343: 4339: 4338: 4336: 4335: 4330: 4325: 4320: 4315: 4310: 4305: 4300: 4295: 4290: 4285: 4280: 4275: 4270: 4265: 4260: 4255: 4250: 4249: 4248: 4238: 4233: 4228: 4223: 4218: 4213: 4208: 4203: 4197: 4195: 4189: 4188: 4186: 4185: 4180: 4175: 4173:Temporary work 4170: 4165: 4160: 4159: 4158: 4153: 4148: 4141:Skilled worker 4138: 4133: 4128: 4123: 4118: 4113: 4108: 4103: 4098: 4092: 4090: 4086: 4085: 4078: 4077: 4070: 4063: 4055: 4049: 4048: 4043: 4038: 4028: 4019: 4014: 4009: 4004: 3999: 3989: 3988:External links 3986: 3985: 3984: 3978: 3972: 3964: 3961:Travail Humain 3958: 3952: 3946: 3938: 3932: 3924: 3918: 3903: 3900: 3898: 3897: 3860: 3853: 3846: 3786:(2): 227–248. 3775: 3769: 3754: 3747: 3740: 3734: 3721: 3715: 3687: 3680: 3677: 3642: 3639: 3630: 3624: 3611: 3608: 3602: 3589: 3582: 3571: 3556: 3548: 3546: 3543: 3541: 3538: 3536: 3535: 3520: 3485: 3451:(4): 375–391. 3428: 3402: 3384: 3375: 3348:(3): 387–404. 3332: 3313:(3): 805–812. 3293: 3267: 3245: 3223:10.1.1.24.5979 3197: 3190: 3172: 3142: 3123:(2): 231–239. 3103: 3054: 3033:(8): 1053–60. 3008: 2993: 2942: 2883: 2876: 2850: 2831: 2822: 2801:(2): 231–244. 2781: 2771: 2759: 2734: 2720: 2694: 2668: 2651: 2626: 2613: 2590: 2566: 2545: 2496: 2477:(4): 361–368. 2461: 2448:(1): 134–138. 2428: 2415: 2406: 2393: 2342: 2301: 2268: 2205: 2180: 2163: 2148: 2119: 2108: 2087:(1): 108–116. 2067: 2041: 2024: 2014: 1989: 1974: 1952: 1930: 1919: 1893: 1877: 1852: 1830: 1809: 1776: 1760: 1732: 1730: 1727: 1726: 1725: 1719: 1714: 1700: 1697: 1696: 1695: 1692: 1689: 1686: 1674: 1671: 1670: 1669: 1663: 1657: 1651: 1642: 1636: 1630: 1624: 1617: 1607: 1593: 1556: 1547: 1540: 1533: 1523: 1509: 1495: 1485: 1472: 1465: 1458: 1448: 1438: 1429: 1410: 1407: 1397: 1394: 1381: 1378: 1336: 1333: 1305: 1302: 1263: 1260: 1252:human kinetics 1244:consumer goods 1231: 1228: 1207: 1204: 1127: 1124: 1078: 1075: 1063:Ancient Greece 1054: 1051: 1049: 1046: 1041:power distance 1023: 1020: 1007:Main article: 1004: 1001: 997:muscle fatigue 920: 917: 880: 877: 823: 820: 774: 773: 771: 770: 763: 756: 748: 745: 744: 743: 742: 727: 726: 721: 720: 715: 710: 705: 700: 695: 690: 685: 680: 675: 669: 668: 667: 662: 661: 658: 657: 654: 653: 648: 643: 638: 633: 628: 623: 618: 613: 608: 603: 598: 593: 588: 583: 577: 574: 573: 570: 569: 564: 563: 558: 553: 548: 543: 538: 533: 528: 523: 518: 513: 508: 503: 498: 493: 488: 483: 478: 473: 468: 463: 458: 453: 450: 445: 440: 435: 430: 425: 420: 415: 410: 405: 399: 398: 397: 392: 391: 388: 387: 382: 381: 376: 371: 366: 361: 356: 351: 346: 341: 336: 331: 326: 321: 316: 311: 306: 301: 296: 291: 289:Cross-cultural 286: 281: 280: 279: 269: 260: 255: 250: 245: 240: 235: 229: 228: 227: 222: 221: 218: 217: 216: 215: 210: 205: 197: 196: 188: 187: 181: 180: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11108: 11097: 11094: 11092: 11089: 11087: 11084: 11082: 11079: 11078: 11076: 11061: 11058: 11056: 11053: 11049: 11046: 11045: 11044: 11041: 11039: 11036: 11034: 11031: 11029: 11026: 11024: 11021: 11019: 11016: 11014: 11011: 11009: 11006: 11004: 11001: 10999: 10996: 10994: 10991: 10989: 10986: 10984: 10981: 10977: 10974: 10972: 10969: 10968: 10967: 10964: 10962: 10961:Computer rage 10959: 10958: 10956: 10952: 10944: 10941: 10939: 10936: 10934: 10933:United States 10931: 10930: 10929: 10926: 10924: 10921: 10919: 10916: 10914: 10911: 10909: 10908:Filter bubble 10906: 10902: 10901:United States 10899: 10897: 10894: 10893: 10892: 10889: 10887: 10884: 10880: 10877: 10876: 10875: 10872: 10871: 10869: 10867: 10862: 10858: 10852: 10849: 10847: 10844: 10842: 10839: 10837: 10836:Peer pressure 10834: 10832: 10829: 10827: 10824: 10820: 10817: 10815: 10812: 10811: 10810: 10807: 10805: 10802: 10800: 10797: 10795: 10792: 10790: 10787: 10786: 10784: 10782: 10777: 10773: 10767: 10764: 10760: 10757: 10755: 10752: 10751: 10750: 10747: 10745: 10742: 10740: 10737: 10735: 10732: 10730: 10727: 10725: 10722: 10720: 10717: 10715: 10712: 10708: 10705: 10703: 10700: 10698: 10695: 10693: 10690: 10689: 10688: 10685: 10683: 10682:Doomscrolling 10680: 10676: 10673: 10672: 10671: 10668: 10664: 10661: 10660: 10659: 10656: 10654: 10651: 10649: 10646: 10644: 10641: 10639: 10636: 10634: 10631: 10629: 10626: 10625: 10623: 10621: 10617: 10611: 10608: 10606: 10603: 10601: 10598: 10594: 10591: 10590: 10589: 10586: 10584: 10581: 10579: 10576: 10572: 10569: 10567: 10564: 10562: 10559: 10558: 10557: 10554: 10552: 10549: 10545: 10542: 10540: 10537: 10535: 10532: 10530: 10527: 10526: 10525: 10522: 10520: 10517: 10515: 10512: 10511: 10509: 10505: 10499: 10496: 10494: 10493:Media studies 10491: 10489: 10486: 10482: 10479: 10477: 10474: 10472: 10469: 10468: 10467: 10464: 10462: 10459: 10457: 10454: 10453: 10450: 10446: 10445:human factors 10442: 10435: 10430: 10428: 10423: 10421: 10416: 10415: 10412: 10400: 10397: 10395: 10392: 10388: 10385: 10384: 10383: 10380: 10378: 10375: 10373: 10370: 10368: 10365: 10363: 10360: 10356: 10353: 10351: 10348: 10346: 10343: 10342: 10341: 10338: 10336: 10333: 10331: 10328: 10326: 10323: 10321: 10318: 10316: 10313: 10311: 10308: 10306: 10303: 10301: 10300:Digital detox 10298: 10296: 10293: 10291: 10290:Cyberbullying 10288: 10284: 10281: 10280: 10279: 10276: 10274: 10271: 10269: 10266: 10264: 10261: 10260: 10258: 10254: 10248: 10245: 10243: 10240: 10236: 10233: 10231: 10228: 10227: 10226: 10223: 10221: 10218: 10216: 10213: 10211: 10208: 10206: 10203: 10199: 10196: 10194: 10191: 10189: 10186: 10185: 10184: 10181: 10180: 10178: 10172: 10164: 10161: 10159: 10156: 10154: 10151: 10149: 10146: 10145: 10144: 10141: 10137: 10134: 10133: 10132: 10129: 10127: 10124: 10120: 10117: 10115: 10112: 10110: 10107: 10105: 10102: 10100: 10097: 10095: 10092: 10090: 10087: 10086: 10085: 10082: 10080: 10077: 10075: 10072: 10071: 10069: 10065: 10059: 10056: 10054: 10051: 10049: 10046: 10042: 10039: 10038: 10037: 10034: 10032: 10029: 10027: 10024: 10022: 10019: 10017: 10014: 10013: 10011: 10005: 10001: 9994: 9989: 9987: 9982: 9980: 9975: 9974: 9971: 9959: 9958: 9952: 9948: 9946: 9945: 9939: 9935: 9933: 9932: 9922: 9920: 9919: 9915: 9914: 9911: 9901: 9898: 9896: 9893: 9891: 9888: 9886: 9885:Neo-Darwinism 9883: 9881: 9878: 9876: 9873: 9871: 9870:Functionalism 9868: 9864: 9861: 9859: 9856: 9854: 9851: 9849: 9846: 9844: 9841: 9839: 9836: 9834: 9831: 9829: 9828:Connectionism 9826: 9824: 9821: 9820: 9819: 9818:indeterminism 9815: 9812: 9810: 9807: 9806: 9804: 9800: 9792: 9789: 9787: 9784: 9782: 9779: 9777: 9774: 9772: 9769: 9767: 9764: 9762: 9759: 9757: 9754: 9752: 9749: 9747: 9744: 9742: 9739: 9737: 9734: 9732: 9729: 9727: 9724: 9723: 9722: 9719: 9717: 9714: 9712: 9709: 9707: 9704: 9702: 9699: 9697: 9694: 9692: 9689: 9688: 9686: 9682: 9676: 9673: 9671: 9668: 9666: 9663: 9661: 9658: 9656: 9653: 9651: 9648: 9646: 9643: 9641: 9638: 9636: 9633: 9631: 9628: 9626: 9623: 9621: 9618: 9616: 9613: 9611: 9607: 9603: 9599: 9596: 9594: 9590: 9587: 9585: 9581: 9578: 9577: 9575: 9571: 9568: 9564: 9554: 9551: 9549: 9546: 9544: 9541: 9539: 9538:Schizophrenia 9536: 9534: 9531: 9529: 9526: 9524: 9523:Mental health 9521: 9519: 9516: 9514: 9511: 9509: 9506: 9504: 9501: 9499: 9496: 9494: 9491: 9489: 9486: 9484: 9481: 9479: 9476: 9474: 9471: 9470: 9468: 9466: 9462: 9456: 9453: 9451: 9448: 9446: 9442: 9438: 9435: 9433: 9429: 9426: 9424: 9421: 9419: 9416: 9414: 9411: 9409: 9406: 9404: 9401: 9399: 9398:Mate guarding 9396: 9394: 9391: 9389: 9386: 9384: 9381: 9379: 9376: 9374: 9371: 9369: 9366: 9364: 9361: 9359: 9358:Age disparity 9356: 9354: 9351: 9349: 9346: 9345: 9343: 9341: 9337: 9329: 9326: 9324: 9321: 9319: 9316: 9314: 9311: 9310: 9309: 9306: 9304: 9301: 9299: 9296: 9294: 9291: 9289: 9288:Schizophrenia 9286: 9284: 9281: 9279: 9276: 9274: 9271: 9269: 9266: 9264: 9261: 9259: 9256: 9254: 9251: 9247: 9244: 9242: 9239: 9237: 9234: 9232: 9229: 9227: 9224: 9223: 9222: 9219: 9218: 9216: 9214: 9213:Mental health 9209: 9208:Human factors 9205: 9199: 9198:Socialization 9196: 9194: 9191: 9189: 9186: 9184: 9181: 9179: 9176: 9174: 9171: 9169: 9166: 9164: 9161: 9159: 9158:paternal bond 9155: 9151: 9148: 9146: 9143: 9141: 9138: 9137: 9135: 9133: 9129: 9123: 9120: 9116: 9113: 9112: 9111: 9108: 9104: 9101: 9100: 9099: 9096: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9084: 9082: 9079: 9078: 9077: 9074: 9072: 9069: 9065: 9062: 9061: 9060: 9057: 9053: 9050: 9048: 9045: 9044: 9043: 9040: 9039: 9037: 9035: 9031: 9023: 9022:Naïve physics 9020: 9018: 9015: 9013: 9010: 9009: 9008: 9005: 9003: 9000: 8998: 8995: 8993: 8989: 8988:Motor control 8986: 8982: 8979: 8977: 8974: 8973: 8972: 8969: 8967: 8963: 8960: 8958: 8954: 8951: 8947: 8946:Ophidiophobia 8944: 8942: 8939: 8937: 8936:Arachnophobia 8934: 8933: 8932: 8929: 8927: 8924: 8922: 8919: 8917: 8914: 8910: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8897: 8895: 8892: 8890: 8887: 8886: 8885: 8881: 8878: 8876: 8873: 8869: 8866: 8864: 8863:Display rules 8861: 8859: 8856: 8855: 8854: 8851: 8850: 8848: 8846: 8841: 8837: 8834: 8830: 8824: 8821: 8817: 8814: 8812: 8809: 8807: 8803: 8800: 8798: 8795: 8794: 8793: 8790: 8786: 8783: 8782: 8781: 8778: 8776: 8773: 8771: 8768: 8766: 8765:Kin selection 8763: 8759: 8756: 8755: 8754: 8751: 8749: 8746: 8744: 8741: 8739: 8736: 8734: 8731: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8713: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8703: 8701: 8699: 8693: 8687: 8684: 8680: 8677: 8675: 8672: 8670: 8667: 8665: 8662: 8660: 8659:Adaptationism 8657: 8656: 8655: 8652: 8648: 8645: 8644: 8643: 8640: 8639: 8636: 8632: 8625: 8620: 8618: 8613: 8611: 8606: 8605: 8602: 8590: 8589: 8580: 8576: 8575:Organizations 8573: 8571: 8568: 8566: 8563: 8562: 8561: 8560: 8551: 8550: 8547: 8541: 8538: 8536: 8533: 8531: 8528: 8526: 8523: 8521: 8518: 8516: 8513: 8511: 8508: 8506: 8503: 8501: 8498: 8496: 8495:Public health 8493: 8491: 8488: 8486: 8483: 8481: 8478: 8476: 8473: 8471: 8468: 8466: 8463: 8461: 8458: 8456: 8453: 8451: 8448: 8446: 8443: 8441: 8438: 8436: 8433: 8431: 8428: 8426: 8423: 8421: 8418: 8416: 8413: 8411: 8408: 8407: 8405: 8401: 8395: 8392: 8389: 8388:United States 8385: 8382: 8379: 8378:United States 8375: 8372: 8370: 8367: 8365: 8362: 8361: 8359: 8355: 8349: 8346: 8344: 8341: 8339: 8336: 8334: 8331: 8329: 8326: 8324: 8321: 8319: 8316: 8314: 8311: 8309: 8306: 8302: 8299: 8297: 8294: 8292: 8289: 8287: 8284: 8282: 8279: 8278: 8277: 8274: 8272: 8269: 8267: 8264: 8262: 8259: 8257: 8256:Diving safety 8254: 8252: 8249: 8247: 8244: 8242: 8239: 8238: 8236: 8232: 8226: 8223: 8220: 8217: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8207: 8205: 8202: 8201: 8199: 8195: 8184: 8181: 8179: 8176: 8173: 8170: 8167: 8164: 8161: 8158: 8155: 8152: 8151: 8149: 8145: 8139: 8136: 8134: 8131: 8129: 8126: 8125: 8123: 8121:International 8119: 8116: 8114:organizations 8111: 8107: 8101: 8098: 8096: 8093: 8091: 8088: 8086: 8083: 8081: 8078: 8076: 8073: 8071: 8068: 8067: 8065: 8061: 8055: 8052: 8050: 8047: 8045: 8042: 8040: 8037: 8035: 8032: 8030: 8027: 8025: 8022: 8018: 8015: 8013: 8010: 8008: 8005: 8003: 8000: 7999: 7998: 7995: 7994: 7992: 7990: 7987:Occupational 7984: 7978: 7975: 7973: 7970: 7968: 7965: 7963: 7960: 7958: 7957:Sports injury 7955: 7953: 7950: 7948: 7945: 7943: 7940: 7938: 7935: 7933: 7930: 7928: 7925: 7923: 7920: 7918: 7915: 7913: 7910: 7908: 7905: 7903: 7902:Low back pain 7900: 7898: 7895: 7893: 7890: 7888: 7885: 7883: 7880: 7878: 7875: 7873: 7870: 7868: 7865: 7863: 7860: 7858: 7855: 7853: 7852:Farmer's lung 7850: 7848: 7845: 7843: 7840: 7838: 7835: 7833: 7830: 7828: 7825: 7823: 7820: 7818: 7815: 7813: 7810: 7808: 7805: 7803: 7800: 7798: 7795: 7793: 7790: 7788: 7785: 7783: 7780: 7778: 7775: 7773: 7770: 7768: 7765: 7763: 7760: 7758: 7755: 7754: 7752: 7750: 7745: 7742:Occupational 7739: 7735: 7728: 7723: 7721: 7716: 7714: 7709: 7708: 7705: 7693: 7685: 7683: 7675: 7674: 7671: 7665: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7655: 7652: 7650: 7647: 7645: 7642: 7640: 7637: 7636: 7634: 7630: 7620: 7617: 7615: 7612: 7610: 7607: 7605: 7602: 7601: 7599: 7595: 7589: 7586: 7584: 7583:Systems model 7581: 7579: 7576: 7574: 7571: 7569: 7566: 7564: 7561: 7559: 7556: 7554: 7551: 7549: 7546: 7544: 7541: 7540: 7538: 7534: 7528: 7525: 7523: 7520: 7518: 7515: 7513: 7510: 7508: 7505: 7503: 7500: 7498: 7495: 7493: 7490: 7488: 7485: 7483: 7480: 7478: 7475: 7473: 7470: 7468: 7465: 7463: 7460: 7458: 7455: 7454: 7452: 7450:Developmental 7448: 7445: 7441: 7435: 7432: 7430: 7427: 7425: 7422: 7420: 7417: 7415: 7412: 7410: 7407: 7406: 7404: 7400: 7394: 7391: 7387: 7384: 7383: 7382: 7379: 7377: 7374: 7372: 7369: 7367: 7364: 7362: 7359: 7357: 7354: 7352: 7349: 7347: 7344: 7342: 7339: 7337: 7334: 7332: 7329: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7314: 7312: 7311:Data modeling 7309: 7305: 7302: 7300: 7297: 7295: 7292: 7290: 7287: 7285: 7282: 7281: 7280: 7277: 7275: 7272: 7270: 7267: 7266: 7264: 7260: 7254: 7251: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 7239: 7236: 7234: 7231: 7229: 7226: 7224: 7221: 7219: 7216: 7214: 7211: 7209: 7206: 7204: 7201: 7199: 7196: 7194: 7191: 7189: 7186: 7185: 7183: 7179: 7175: 7168: 7163: 7161: 7156: 7154: 7149: 7148: 7145: 7133: 7132: 7123: 7121: 7120: 7111: 7109: 7108: 7099: 7098: 7095: 7085: 7082: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7072: 7070: 7067: 7065: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7054:Joseph Lister 7052: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7036: 7034: 7030: 7022: 7019: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7003: 7001: 6999: 6996: 6995: 6993: 6989: 6982: 6978: 6976: 6973: 6971: 6968: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6946: 6945: 6943: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6933:Health Canada 6931: 6930: 6928: 6924: 6921: 6920: 6918: 6914: 6911: 6909: 6906: 6905: 6903: 6899: 6896: 6895: 6893: 6889: 6886: 6885: 6883: 6882: 6880: 6878:Organizations 6876: 6873: 6865: 6859: 6856: 6854: 6851: 6849: 6846: 6844: 6841: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6821: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6810: 6808: 6802: 6794: 6791: 6789: 6786: 6785: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6776: 6772: 6769: 6767: 6764: 6762: 6759: 6757: 6754: 6752: 6749: 6747: 6744: 6742: 6739: 6738: 6736: 6735: 6733: 6727: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6715:Vaccine trial 6713: 6711: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6698: 6696: 6693: 6689: 6686: 6685: 6684: 6681: 6677: 6674: 6673: 6672: 6669: 6665: 6662: 6661: 6660: 6657: 6655: 6652: 6651: 6649: 6643: 6637: 6634: 6630: 6628: 6624: 6622: 6620: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6599: 6598: 6595: 6593: 6592:Relative risk 6590: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6579: 6577: 6571: 6565: 6562: 6558: 6555: 6553: 6552:Health equity 6550: 6548: 6545: 6544: 6543: 6540: 6538: 6535: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6525: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6517:Health system 6515: 6513: 6510: 6508: 6507:Global health 6505: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6487:Biostatistics 6485: 6484: 6482: 6480: 6476: 6470: 6467: 6465: 6462: 6460: 6457: 6455: 6452: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6433: 6430: 6428: 6425: 6423: 6420: 6419: 6418: 6415: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6401: 6398: 6397: 6396: 6393: 6389: 6386: 6384: 6381: 6379: 6376: 6374: 6371: 6369: 6366: 6364: 6361: 6360: 6359: 6356: 6352: 6349: 6347: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6337: 6334: 6333: 6332: 6329: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6316: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6298: 6295: 6294: 6293: 6290: 6289: 6287: 6285: 6281: 6275: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6229:Right to food 6227: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6212: 6208: 6205: 6203: 6200: 6198: 6195: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6184: 6183: 6180: 6178: 6175: 6173: 6170: 6167: 6163: 6162:Mental health 6160: 6158: 6155: 6153: 6150: 6148: 6145: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6135: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6122: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6110:Housing First 6108: 6104: 6101: 6099: 6098:Health system 6096: 6095: 6094: 6093:Health policy 6091: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6076: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6066: 6064: 6061: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6048: 6047: 6044: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6017: 6014: 6013: 6011: 6007: 6003: 6002:Public health 5996: 5991: 5989: 5984: 5982: 5977: 5976: 5973: 5961: 5958: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5946: 5943: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5933: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5922: 5913: 5912: 5909: 5903: 5900: 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5875: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5857:Make-work job 5855: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5833: 5830: 5828: 5825: 5823: 5820: 5818: 5815: 5814: 5812: 5808: 5804: 5803: 5797: 5794: 5792: 5789: 5787: 5784: 5782: 5779: 5777: 5776:Right to work 5774: 5772: 5769: 5767: 5764: 5762: 5761:Job guarantee 5759: 5757: 5754: 5752: 5749: 5747: 5746:Make-work job 5744: 5742: 5739: 5737: 5734: 5733: 5731: 5727: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5709: 5706: 5704: 5701: 5700: 5699: 5696: 5694: 5691: 5689: 5686: 5684: 5681: 5679: 5676: 5674: 5671: 5669: 5666: 5664: 5661: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5649: 5647: 5644: 5642: 5639: 5638: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5591: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5576: 5574: 5572: 5568: 5562: 5559: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5546: 5545: 5542: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5524: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5517:Restructuring 5515: 5511: 5508: 5507: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5495:Notice period 5493: 5491: 5488: 5486: 5483: 5481: 5478: 5474: 5471: 5469: 5466: 5464: 5461: 5460: 5459: 5456: 5454: 5451: 5450: 5448: 5446: 5442: 5436: 5433: 5429: 5426: 5424: 5421: 5420: 5419: 5416: 5414: 5411: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5401:Unfree labour 5399: 5397: 5394: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5371:Bonded labour 5369: 5368: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5313: 5311: 5307: 5301: 5298: 5296: 5293: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5285:Whistleblower 5283: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5268: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5229: 5226: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5218:Control fraud 5216: 5214: 5211: 5210: 5209: 5206: 5205: 5203: 5199: 5193: 5192:Glass ceiling 5190: 5188: 5185: 5183: 5180: 5178: 5175: 5174: 5172: 5170: 5166: 5160: 5157: 5155: 5152: 5150: 5147: 5145: 5142: 5140: 5137: 5133: 5130: 5129: 5128: 5127:Work accident 5125: 5123: 5120: 5116: 5115:United States 5113: 5112: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5037: 5035: 5033: 5029: 5023: 5020: 5016: 5015:United States 5013: 5012: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4970:Casual Friday 4968: 4966: 4963: 4962: 4960: 4958: 4954: 4948: 4945: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4933: 4930: 4928: 4927:Paid time off 4925: 4923: 4922:Overtime rate 4920: 4916: 4913: 4912: 4911: 4908: 4904: 4903:United States 4901: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4891: 4889: 4886: 4885: 4884: 4881: 4877: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4868: 4867: 4864: 4862: 4859: 4857: 4854: 4852: 4849: 4847: 4844: 4843: 4841: 4839: 4835: 4831: 4825: 4822: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4812: 4810: 4807: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4795: 4792: 4790: 4787: 4785: 4782: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4772: 4770: 4769:Four-day week 4767: 4765: 4762: 4761: 4759: 4757: 4753: 4747: 4744: 4742: 4739: 4737: 4734: 4732: 4729: 4727: 4724: 4722: 4719: 4717: 4714: 4712: 4709: 4707: 4704: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4694: 4693: 4691: 4687: 4681: 4678: 4676: 4673: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4660: 4659: 4656: 4654: 4653:Practice firm 4651: 4649: 4646: 4644: 4641: 4637: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4582: 4579: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4551:Employability 4549: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4538: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4527: 4524: 4522: 4519: 4517: 4514: 4512: 4509: 4507: 4504: 4500: 4497: 4496: 4495: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4486: 4484: 4482: 4478: 4474: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4455: 4453: 4452:Orange-collar 4450: 4448: 4445: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4428: 4425: 4423: 4420: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4404: 4402: 4400: 4399:Working class 4396: 4390: 4387: 4385: 4382: 4380: 4377: 4375: 4372: 4370: 4367: 4365: 4362: 4360: 4357: 4355: 4352: 4350: 4347: 4346: 4344: 4340: 4334: 4331: 4329: 4326: 4324: 4321: 4319: 4316: 4314: 4311: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4301: 4299: 4296: 4294: 4291: 4289: 4286: 4284: 4281: 4279: 4276: 4274: 4273:Job interview 4271: 4269: 4266: 4264: 4261: 4259: 4256: 4254: 4251: 4247: 4244: 4243: 4242: 4239: 4237: 4234: 4232: 4229: 4227: 4224: 4222: 4219: 4217: 4214: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4199: 4198: 4196: 4194: 4190: 4184: 4181: 4179: 4176: 4174: 4171: 4169: 4166: 4164: 4161: 4157: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4143: 4142: 4139: 4137: 4134: 4132: 4129: 4127: 4126:Part-time job 4124: 4122: 4119: 4117: 4114: 4112: 4111:Full-time job 4109: 4107: 4104: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4093: 4091: 4087: 4083: 4076: 4071: 4069: 4064: 4062: 4057: 4056: 4053: 4047: 4044: 4042: 4039: 4036: 4032: 4029: 4027: 4023: 4020: 4018: 4015: 4013: 4010: 4008: 4005: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3992: 3991: 3982: 3979: 3976: 3973: 3970: 3969: 3965: 3962: 3959: 3956: 3953: 3950: 3947: 3944: 3943: 3942:Human Factors 3939: 3937:(1.713, 2015) 3936: 3933: 3930: 3929: 3925: 3922: 3919: 3917:(0.915, 2008) 3916: 3913: 3912: 3911: 3909: 3908:impact factor 3896: 3895:0-89697-452-9 3892: 3889:(USA), 1994, 3888: 3884: 3881: 3877: 3873: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3858: 3854: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3835: 3831: 3824: 3817: 3813: 3809: 3805: 3801: 3797: 3793: 3789: 3785: 3781: 3780:Human Factors 3776: 3772: 3766: 3762: 3761: 3755: 3752: 3749:Kim Vicente, 3748: 3745: 3741: 3737: 3731: 3728:. CRC Press. 3727: 3722: 3718: 3712: 3708: 3704: 3700: 3696: 3692: 3691:Sarter, N. B. 3688: 3685: 3681: 3678: 3674: 3670: 3665: 3660: 3656: 3652: 3648: 3643: 3640: 3637: 3636: 3631: 3627: 3621: 3617: 3612: 3609: 3605: 3603:9781539808008 3599: 3595: 3590: 3587: 3583: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3569: 3565: 3561: 3557: 3554: 3550: 3549: 3531: 3524: 3516: 3512: 3508: 3504: 3501:(2): 79–102. 3500: 3496: 3489: 3470: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3439: 3432: 3423: 3421: 3419: 3417: 3415: 3413: 3411: 3409: 3407: 3398: 3391: 3389: 3379: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3347: 3343: 3336: 3328: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3304: 3297: 3290: 3289:0-321-01229-1 3286: 3280: 3278: 3276: 3274: 3272: 3255: 3249: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3229: 3224: 3219: 3215: 3211: 3204: 3202: 3193: 3187: 3183: 3176: 3161: 3157: 3151: 3149: 3147: 3138: 3134: 3130: 3126: 3122: 3118: 3110: 3108: 3099: 3095: 3090: 3085: 3081: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3058: 3050: 3046: 3041: 3036: 3032: 3028: 3024: 3017: 3015: 3013: 3006: 3000: 2998: 2989: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2970: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2946: 2938: 2934: 2929: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2911: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2894: 2887: 2879: 2877:9780750675598 2873: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2854: 2846: 2842: 2835: 2826: 2818: 2814: 2809: 2804: 2800: 2796: 2792: 2785: 2775: 2769: 2763: 2748: 2744: 2738: 2730: 2724: 2708: 2704: 2698: 2682: 2678: 2672: 2665: 2664:1.2 OVERVIEW. 2661: 2655: 2640: 2636: 2630: 2623: 2617: 2610:. 041532257X. 2609: 2605: 2601: 2597: 2593: 2591:9780415322577 2587: 2584:. Routledge. 2583: 2579: 2578:Neville Moray 2573: 2571: 2563: 2558: 2556: 2554: 2552: 2550: 2541: 2537: 2532: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2500: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2480: 2476: 2472: 2465: 2456: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2432: 2425: 2419: 2410: 2403: 2397: 2389: 2385: 2380: 2375: 2370: 2365: 2361: 2357: 2353: 2346: 2338: 2334: 2329: 2324: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2305: 2296: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2272: 2264: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2228: 2221: 2214: 2212: 2210: 2194: 2190: 2184: 2173: 2167: 2159: 2152: 2136: 2132: 2126: 2124: 2112: 2104: 2100: 2095: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2071: 2056: 2052: 2045: 2034: 2028: 2018: 2003: 1999: 1993: 1985: 1978: 1962: 1956: 1949: 1941: 1934: 1928: 1927:Hywel Murrell 1923: 1907: 1903: 1897: 1890: 1886: 1885:Grandjean, E. 1881: 1866: 1862: 1856: 1849: 1848: 1841: 1839: 1837: 1835: 1827: 1819: 1813: 1806: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1780: 1774:performance." 1772: 1767: 1765: 1753: 1746: 1745: 1737: 1733: 1723: 1720: 1718: 1715: 1713: 1710: 1709: 1706: 1693: 1690: 1687: 1684: 1683: 1682: 1679: 1667: 1664: 1661: 1658: 1655: 1652: 1649: 1647: 1643: 1640: 1637: 1634: 1631: 1628: 1625: 1621: 1618: 1614: 1612: 1611:Kansei method 1608: 1604: 1600: 1598: 1594: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1567: 1562: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1552: 1551:Work sampling 1548: 1544: 1541: 1537: 1534: 1531: 1527: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1514: 1513:User analysis 1510: 1507: 1502: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1490: 1486: 1483: 1479: 1477: 1476:Task analysis 1473: 1469: 1466: 1462: 1459: 1455: 1453: 1452:Meta-analysis 1449: 1445: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1434: 1430: 1427: 1423: 1420: 1419: 1418: 1416: 1406: 1402: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1377: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1335:Practitioners 1332: 1330: 1326: 1321: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1301: 1297: 1295: 1290: 1286: 1284: 1279: 1277: 1273: 1269: 1262:Organizations 1259: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1227: 1225: 1221: 1216: 1213: 1203: 1202:, and Small. 1201: 1197: 1192: 1188: 1183: 1181: 1177: 1171: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1159: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1137: 1133: 1123: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1107: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1074: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1045: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1019: 1017: 1010: 1000: 998: 993: 989: 988:smart systems 985: 980: 972: 968: 964: 962: 958: 954: 949: 944: 938: 933: 925: 916: 912: 910: 905: 901: 896: 894: 888: 886: 876: 874: 870: 866: 865:human factors 861: 859: 855: 851: 850:Hywel Murrell 847: 842: 837: 833: 829: 819: 817: 813: 809: 805: 801: 797: 793: 787: 785: 781: 769: 764: 762: 757: 755: 750: 749: 747: 746: 741: 731: 730: 729: 728: 719: 716: 714: 711: 709: 706: 704: 701: 699: 696: 694: 693:Psychologists 691: 689: 686: 684: 683:Organizations 681: 679: 676: 674: 671: 670: 665: 660: 659: 652: 651:Psychometrics 649: 647: 644: 642: 639: 637: 634: 632: 629: 627: 624: 622: 619: 617: 614: 612: 611:Consciousness 609: 607: 604: 602: 599: 597: 594: 592: 589: 587: 584: 582: 579: 578: 572: 571: 562: 559: 557: 554: 552: 549: 547: 544: 542: 539: 537: 534: 532: 531:Psychotherapy 529: 527: 526:Psychometrics 524: 522: 519: 517: 514: 512: 509: 507: 504: 502: 499: 497: 494: 492: 489: 487: 484: 482: 479: 477: 474: 472: 469: 467: 464: 462: 459: 457: 454: 451: 449: 446: 444: 441: 439: 436: 434: 431: 429: 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 409: 406: 404: 401: 400: 395: 390: 389: 380: 377: 375: 372: 370: 367: 365: 362: 360: 357: 355: 352: 350: 347: 345: 342: 340: 337: 335: 332: 330: 327: 325: 322: 320: 317: 315: 312: 310: 307: 305: 302: 300: 299:Developmental 297: 295: 292: 290: 287: 285: 282: 278: 275: 274: 273: 270: 268: 264: 261: 259: 256: 254: 251: 249: 246: 244: 241: 239: 236: 234: 231: 230: 225: 220: 219: 214: 211: 209: 206: 204: 201: 200: 199: 198: 194: 190: 189: 186: 183: 182: 178: 177: 173: 168: 166: 161: 159: 155: 151: 147: 143: 139: 138:visual design 135: 131: 130:anthropometry 127: 123: 119: 115: 111: 107: 102: 100: 96: 92: 88: 84: 80: 79:physiological 76: 75:psychological 72: 68: 64: 63:human factors 60: 40: 36: 34: 33:Human Factors 19: 11055:Technophobia 11043:Technophilia 10886:Echo chamber 10744:Rage farming 10524:Infotainment 10444: 10394:Technostress 10387:Technophobia 10382:Technophilia 10158:Evolutionary 10136:Evolutionary 10126:Neuroscience 10083: 9955: 9942: 9929: 9916: 9675:Sociobiology 9533:Neuroscience 9513:Intelligence 9207: 9059:Anthropology 9012:Color vision 8997:Multitasking 8976:Flynn effect 8971:Intelligence 8953:Folk biology 8696:Evolutionary 8586: 8557: 8439: 8384:Right to sit 8374:Potty parity 7967:Tennis elbow 7962:Surfer's ear 7907:Mesothelioma 7877:Hearing loss 7578:Object model 7573:Metamodeling 7502:Spiral model 7402:Orientations 7129: 7117: 7105: 7074:Radium Girls 7069:Typhoid Mary 6756:Microbiology 6626: 6618: 6502:Epidemiology 6400:Organization 6351:Oral hygiene 6341:Hand washing 6319:Healthy diet 6249:Right to sit 6142:Labor rights 5892:Toxic leader 5872:Presenteeism 5852:Labor rights 5842:Going postal 5817:Bullshit job 5800: 5785: 5780: 5571:Unemployment 5423:Downshifting 5406:Wage slavery 5386:Penal labour 5341:Dead-end job 5331:Conscription 5110:Right to sit 4965:Annual leave 4947:Working poor 4883:Minimum wage 4861:Maximum wage 4819:Working time 4809:Six-hour day 4706:Career break 4668:Professional 4462:Black-collar 4432:White-collar 4412:Green-collar 4389:Volunteering 4226:Drug testing 4216:Cover letter 4156:Tradesperson 3980: 3974: 3966: 3960: 3954: 3948: 3945:(1.37, 2015) 3940: 3934: 3926: 3920: 3914: 3905: 3876:Informatique 3863: 3856: 3849: 3833: 3829: 3783: 3779: 3759: 3750: 3743: 3725: 3698: 3694: 3683: 3657:(3): 45–53. 3654: 3650: 3633: 3615: 3593: 3585: 3578: 3574: 3559: 3552: 3529: 3523: 3498: 3494: 3488: 3476:. 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