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cognitive, neural, social, or moral development. Developmental researchers who study children use a number of unique research methods, including observations in natural settings and the engaging of children directly in experimental tasks. Some experimental tasks resemble specially designed games and activities that are both enjoyable for the child and scientifically useful. Developmental psychologists have even devised methods to study the mental processes of infants. In addition to studying children, developmental psychologists also study the relation of
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872:. The goal of neuropsychology is to understand how the structure and function of the brain relate to specific behavioral and psychological processes. Neuropsychology is particularly concerned with brain injury in attempting to understand normal psychological function. Cognitive neuroscientists often use neuroimaging tools, which can help them to observe which areas of the brain are active during a particular task.
1144:. However, psychometricians are largely concerned with individual differences in mostly static, trait-like variables. By contrast, the focal concern of mathematical psychology is process models in such areas as perception and cognition. Mathematical psychology is intimately involved in the modeling of data obtained from experimental paradigms, making it closely related to
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Developmental psychology is concerned with the development of the human mind and behavior over the life course. Developmental psychologists seek to understand how people come to perceive, understand, and act within the world and how these processes change as they age. They may focus on intellectual,
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Social psychology involves the study of social behavior and mental processes that pertain to social behavior. Social psychology is concerned with how humans think about each other and how they relate to each other. Social psychologists study topics such as social influences on individual behavior
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disciplines, and does not necessarily have a direct application. The subdisciplines within psychology that can be thought to reflect a basic-science orientation include biological psychology, cognitive psychology, neuropsychology, and so on. Research in these subdisciplines is characterized by
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of perceptual, cognitive, and motoric processes. Mathematical psychology contributes to the establishment of law-like rules that pertain to quantifiable stimulus characteristics and quantifiable behavior. Because the quantification of behavior is fundamental to mathematical psychology,
1104:. Evolutionary biologists view physiological mechanisms, such as the heart, lungs, and immune system, in similar terms. Evolutionary psychology applies the same thinking to psychology. Evolutionary psychologists advance the view that much of human behavior is the cumulative result of
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attempt to analyze personality in terms of a limited number of key psychological traits. This type of research is highly dependent on statistical methods. The number of proposed traits has varied; however, there is some consensus over an empirically driven theory known as the
777:, an applied field of psychology that seeks to assess, understand, and treat psychological conditions that are harmful to the individual. However, the field of abnormal psychology provides a backdrop for clinical work.
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methodological rigor. The concern of psychology as a basic science is in understanding the laws and processes that underlie behavior, cognition, and emotion. Psychology as a basic science provides a foundation for
822:. Although the name "behavioral genetics" connotes a focus on genetic influences, the field broadly investigates the extent to which genetic and environmental factors influence individual differences, using
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principles and theories yielded up by the basic psychological sciences; these applications are aimed at overcoming problems or promoting well-being in areas such as mental and physical health and education.
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hypothesized that humans have inherited special mental capacities for acquiring language, making language acquisition nearly automatic, while inheriting no capacity specifically for reading and writing.
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are sometimes used to simulate phenomena of interest. Computational models provide a tool for studying the functional organization of the mind whereas neuroscience is more concerned with brain activity.
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Experimental psychology represents a methodological approach to psychology rather than a content area subject. Experimental psychology lends itself to a variety of fields within psychology, including
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Biological psychology or behavioral neuroscience is the scientific study of the biological bases of behavior and mental processes. Biological psychologists view all behavior as dependent on the
1174:. Neuropsychologists have also studied electrical activity in individual brain cells (or groups of cells) in humans and other primates. Neuropsychology shares much with
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or sensations. Psychophysics involves a set of methods that can be employed in research on perceptual systems. Modern applications of psychophysics rely heavily on
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as it relates to specific psychological processes and overt behaviors. Neuropsychological research includes studies of humans and animals with brain
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integrates social and cognitive psychology in order to help discover how people process, remember, and distort social information. Research on
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in individuals. Personality psychologists are especially interested in individual differences. Within the framework of personality psychology,
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that arose in the evolutionary history of humans. Traits and processes are thought to be functional products of random mutations and
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that evolved to solve problems in human ancestral environments. For example,
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is a term used in abnormal psychology that suggests an underlying pathology.
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is an interdisciplinary research enterprise that involves
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60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2179:Larry Squire
2174:Bruce McEwen
2169:Amos Tversky
2139:Jerome Kagan
2129:Noam Chomsky
2069:Hans Eysenck
2039:Harry Harlow
2019:Erik Erikson
1918:Intelligence
1815:Neuroimaging
1558:Quantitative
1523:Mathematical
1518:Intelligence
1508:Experimental
1503:Evolutionary
1493:Differential
1411:
1402:Psychologist
1313:Neuroscience
1272:
1238:
1203:
1176:neuroscience
1165:
1126:
1096:in terms of
1075:
1020:neuroscience
1017:
998:
944:
890:, including
885:
855:
794:
752:
724:
583:Intelligence
314:Quantitative
279:Mathematical
274:Intelligence
264:Experimental
259:Evolutionary
249:Differential
168:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2251:Disciplines
2224:Susan Fiske
2114:Roger Brown
2014:Carl Rogers
1999:Jean Piaget
1964:Ivan Pavlov
1820:Observation
1800:Experiments
1747:Suicidology
1642:Educational
1597:Anomalistic
1568:Theoretical
1543:Personality
1473:Comparative
1456:Cognitivism
1447:Behaviorism
1308:Linguistics
1288:stereotypes
1138:measurement
1098:adaptations
894:underlying
828:confounding
795:Behavioral
625:Disciplines
498:Suicidology
393:Educational
348:Anomalistic
324:Theoretical
299:Personality
229:Comparative
212:Cognitivism
203:Behaviorism
2314:Wikisource
2159:Paul Ekman
1994:Kurt Lewin
1888:Competence
1810:Interviews
1790:Case study
1667:Humanistic
1647:Ergonomics
1632:Counseling
1607:Assessment
1589:psychology
1538:Perception
1498:Ecological
1414:psychology
1392:Philosophy
1376:Psychology
1341:References
1280:persuasion
1276:conformity
1245:subjective
1243:and their
1090:perception
1078:psychology
1032:perception
896:perception
801:scientific
755:psychology
553:Competence
418:Humanistic
398:Ergonomics
383:Counseling
358:Assessment
294:Perception
254:Ecological
130:Psychology
69:newspapers
2334:Wikibooks
2324:Wikiquote
2194:Ed Diener
1979:Carl Jung
1883:Cognition
1712:Political
1622:Community
1452:Cognitive
1284:attitudes
1180:neurology
1036:attention
1028:sensation
974:logicians
962:linguists
920:attention
908:reasoning
888:cognition
548:Cognition
463:Political
373:Community
208:Cognitive
158:Subfields
2349:Category
2329:Wikinews
2286:Timeline
1908:Feelings
1903:Emotions
1863:Behavior
1854:Concepts
1732:Religion
1717:Positive
1707:Pastoral
1692:Military
1657:Forensic
1652:Feminist
1637:Critical
1627:Consumer
1617:Coaching
1612:Clinical
1587:Applied
1483:Cultural
1422:Abnormal
1329:See also
1249:percepts
1206:behavior
1094:language
1052:language
1048:thinking
1040:learning
924:language
912:thinking
900:learning
820:behavior
804:research
797:genetics
759:behavior
660:Timeline
573:Feelings
568:Emotions
528:Behavior
522:Concepts
483:Religion
468:Positive
458:Pastoral
443:Military
408:Forensic
403:Feminist
388:Critical
378:Consumer
368:Coaching
363:Clinical
239:Cultural
178:Abnormal
99:May 2010
2261:Outline
1757:Traffic
1752:Systems
1687:Medical
1513:Gestalt
1387:History
1241:stimuli
1214:emotion
1210:thought
1172:lesions
928:emotion
808:methods
767:thought
763:emotion
635:Outline
508:Traffic
503:Systems
438:Medical
269:Gestalt
153:History
148:Outline
83:scholar
2291:Topics
1737:School
1662:Health
1563:Social
1466:Social
1412:Basic
1397:Portal
1286:, and
1274:(e.g.
1212:, and
1186:, and
1086:memory
1082:traits
1050:, and
1044:memory
926:, and
916:memory
868:, and
850:, and
765:, and
665:Topics
488:School
413:Health
319:Social
222:Social
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2238:Lists
1697:Music
1682:Media
1677:Legal
1528:Moral
1168:brain
1092:, or
1002:aging
611:Lists
448:Music
433:Media
428:Legal
284:Moral
90:JSTOR
76:books
1923:Mind
1278:and
1255:and
1148:and
976:and
938:and
588:Mind
62:news
818:in
814:of
45:by
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106:(
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97:(
87:·
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39:.
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