Culture of the Philippines

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they painted themselves when they had performed some brave deed. They paint themselves by first drawing blood with pricks from a very sharp point, following the design and lines previously marked by the craftsmen in the art, and then over the fresh blood applying an indelible black powder. They do not paint the whole body at one time, but part by part, so that the painting takes many days to complete. In the former times they had to perform a new feat of bravery for each of the parts that were to be painted. The paintings are very elegant, and well proportioned to the members and parts where they are located. I used to say there, captivated and astonished by the appearance of one of these, that if they brought it to Europe a great deal of money could be made by displaying it. Children are not painted. The women paint the whole of one hand and a part of the other.

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heritage sites, which have been demolished one at a time in a fast pace due to urbanization, culturally-irresponsible development, and lack of towns-cape architectural vision. The proposal advocates for the usage and reinterpretations of indigenous, colonial, and modern architectural and landscaping styles that are prevalent or used to be prevalent in a given city or municipality. The proposal aims to foster a renaissance in Philippine landscaping and townscaping, especially in rural areas which can easily be transformed into new architectural heritage towns within a 50-year time frame. Unfortunately, many Philippine-based architecture and engineering experts lack the sense of preserving heritage townscapes, such as the case in

1478: 3285: 999: 1424: 1835: 1406: 1352: 2372: 3025: 1626: 1898: 2576: 1520: 1637:, It was more popularly white or light in color than western counterpart. By the 1930s, young adult women and children embraced the more American style, but the typical "Traje de Mestiza" was not fully gone. By 1940's onward baro't saya was still evolving. But people started wearing more updated modern clothing and fully turned away from baros as everyday clothing. Though it became a symbol of traditional culture to be preserved for traditional ceremonies and cultural occasions, from the modern more globalized culture of the post war era. 52: 2932: 537: 2449: 1388: 3296: 1940: 3541:. The Philippine inventory is currently being updated as a measure to safeguard more intangible cultural heritage elements in the country. The updating began in 2013 and results may be released in 5–10 years after the scientific process finishes the second batch of element documentations. According to UNESCO, it is not expected by a country or state party to have a completed inventory. On the contrary, the development and updating of inventories is an ongoing process that can never be finished. 1682:. Evidence of Philippine pottery-making dated as early as 6000 BC has been found in Sanga-Sanga Cave, Sulu and Cagayan's Laurente Cave. It has been proven that by 5000 BC, the making of pottery was practiced throughout the archipelago. Early Austronesian peoples, especially in the Philippines, started making pottery before their Cambodian neighbors, and at about the same time as the Thais and Laotians as part of what appears to be a widespread Ice Age development of pottery technology. 329: 3681: 2979:, a 2-year course, to be able to prepare college life with their chosen track such as ABM (Accountancy Business Management), STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) and HUMSS (Humanities and Social Sciences) other tracks are included like TECH-VOC (Technical Vocational). Students can make a choice if they will take the college entrance examinations (CEE) in order to attend college or university (3 to 5 years) or find work after they graduate senior high school. 3229: 1334: 3041: 793: 2006:

cultural traditions and the socio-political histories of its colonial and contemporary traditions. The literature of the Philippines illustrates the Prehistory and European colonial legacy of the Philippines, written in both Indigenous and Hispanic writing system. Most of the traditional literatures of the Philippines were written during the Spanish period, while being preserved orally prior to Spanish colonization. Philippine literature is written in

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breakfast, snacks, lunch, snacks, dinner, and again a midnight snack before going to sleep. Rice is a staple in the Filipino diet, and is usually eaten together with other dishes. Filipinos regularly use spoons together with forks when eating out and when it involves eating soup like nilaga .But in traditional home settings they eat most of the time with their bare hands and also when eating seafood. Rice, corn, and popular dishes such as

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controversial as it focuses only on the traditional script of the Tagalog people, while dismissing the traditional scripts of more than 100 ethnic groups in the country. The new proposal that came after the backlash cites that if the ethnic majority is Sebwano, then the script that will be taught is badlit. If the ethnic majority is Tagalog, then the script that will be taught is

2565: 3598: 1466:. When the Spaniards came and settled into the islands, the fashion changed drastically as the Spanish culture influenced the succeeding centuries of Philippine history. The Spanish dissolved the kingdoms and united the country, resulting in a mixture of cultures from different ethnic groups of the conquered archipelago and Spanish culture. A new type of clothing called 1293: 2240:

2004. From a high production rate of 350 films a year in the 1950s, and 200 films a year during the 1980s, the Philippine film industry production rate declined in 2006 to 2007. The 21st century saw the rebirth of independent filmmaking through the use of digital technology and a number of films have once again earned nationwide recognition and prestige.

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to the Philippines for the restoration of the heritage towns they destroyed, effectively destroying any chances of restoration since the pre-war Philippines' economy was devastated and had limited monetary supply. On the other hand, the United States gave minimal funding for only two of the hundreds of cities they destroyed, namely, Manila and Baguio.

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heritage townscapes. Some heritage buildings have been demolished or sold to corporations, and have been replaced by commercial structures such as shopping centers, condominium units, or newly furnished modern-style buildings, completely destroying the old aesthetics of many former heritage towns and cities. This is one of the reasons why

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While Silay, Iloilo City, and San Fernando de Pampanga have ordinances giving certain tax exemptions to owners of heritage houses. In 2010, the Philippine Cultural Heritage Act passed into law, effectively giving protections to all cultural heritage properties of the Philippines. However, despite its

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There have been proposals to establish a policy where each municipality and city will have an ordinance mandating all constructions and reconstructions within such territory to be inclined with the municipality or city's architecture and landscaping styles to preserve and conserve the country's dying

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and the cultural exchanges that shaped the cultural histories of those groups was enabled and defined by maritime and riverine transport - with travel by oceans and rivers serving as these cultures' main way of relating to each other, and long inland mountain ranges being the major physical hindrance

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The Philippines is home to numerous heritage towns and cities, many of which have been intentionally destroyed by the Japanese through fire tactics in World War II and the Americans through bombings during the same war. After the war, the government of the Empire of Japan withheld from giving funds

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arrived in the Philippines in the 13th century through trade routes in Southeast Asia. The spread of Islam established a variety of belief systems, notably in the southwestern portions of the archipelago, where the sultanate system was embraced by the natives without the need for forced conversions,

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The Bisayans are called Pintados because they are in fact so, not by nature although they are well-built, well-featured and white, but by painting their entire bodies from head to foot as soon as they are young men with strength and courage enough to endure the torture of painting. In the old days,

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is a blanket which features designs that incorporate optical illusions.Other parts of Highlands in the Cordillera Region or in local term " KaIgorotan" displays their art in tattoing, weaving bags like the "sangi" a traditional backpack and carving woods. Woven fabrics of the Ga'dang people usually

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are another traditional hats worn by Filipinos. By the 19th century, due to the continuing influence of the Western culture, the rising economy, globalization, and exposure from the European fashion scene, the women's clothing began to have a change; by the 1850s, women's clothing was now full wide

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The Spanish colonizers and friars in the 16th century brought with them produce from the Americas such as chili peppers, tomatoes, corn, potatoes, and the method of sautéing with garlic and onions. Eating out is a favorite Filipino pastime. A typical Pinoy diet consists at most of six meals a day;

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The 1970s and 1980s were considered turbulent years for the Philippine film industry, bringing both positive and negative changes. The films in this period dealt with more serious topics following the Martial law era. In addition, action, western, drama, adult and comedy films developed further in

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The early music of the Philippines featured a mixture of Indigenous, Islamic and a variety of Asian sounds that flourished before the European and American colonization in the 16th and 20th centuries. Spanish settlers and Filipinos played a variety of musical instruments, including flutes, guitar,

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Filipinos began creating paintings in the European tradition during 17th-century Spanish period. The earliest of these paintings were Church frescoes, religious imagery from Biblical sources, as well as engravings, sculptures and lithographs featuring Christian icons and European nobility. Most of

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Cultures that are un-hispanized like the Negritos, Igorot, Lumad and Moro etc. was mostly only fully absorbed into the Filipino borders much later in history, especially during the post-war's modern and globalized culture when the hispanized lowland Filipinos are modernized. As a result, they were

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Other elements of the Filipino value system are optimism about the future, pessimism about present situations and events, concern and care for other people, the existence of friendship and friendliness, the habit of being hospitable, religious nature, respectfulness to self and others, respect for

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The Philippines, being one of Asia's earliest film industry producers, remains undisputed in terms of the highest level of theater admission in Asia. Over the years, however, the Philippine film industry has registered a steady decline in movie viewership from 131 million in 1996 to 63 million in

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which was the only heritage town saved from American bombing and Japanese fire and kamikaze tactics. The country currently lacks a city/town-singular architectural style law. Due to this, unaesthetic cement or shanty structures have taken over heritage buildings annually, destroying many former

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The Philippine literature is a diverse and rich group of works that has evolved throughout the centuries. It had started with traditional folktales and legends made by the ancient Filipinos before Spanish colonization. The main themes of Philippine literature focus on the country's pre-Hispanic

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are not classified as moro peoples. Some of these people groups are commonly grouped together due to their strongly association with a shared geographic area, although these broad categorizations are not always welcomed by the ethnic groups themselves. For example, the indigenous peoples of the

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are preferred in the Philippines due to their religious beliefs. Most Catholic schools are co-ed. The uniforms of Catholic schools usually have an emblem along with the school colors. International schools follow different curricula, such as Singaporean, American, and British. With this, their

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The 1950s saw the first golden age of Philippine cinema, with the emergence of more artistic and mature films, and significant improvement in cinematic techniques among filmmakers. The studio system produced frenetic activity in the Philippine film industry as many films were made annually and

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leaves and coconut fronds are used as roof thatching. Most primitive homes are built on stilts due to frequent flooding during the rainy seasons. Regional variations include the use of thicker, and denser roof thatching in mountain areas, or longer stilts on coastal areas particularly if the

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in the Philippines, where the ethnic script of the ethnic majority of the student population shall be taught in public and private schools. The proposal came up after major backlash came about when a bill declaring the Tagalog baybayin as the national script of the country. The bill became

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assigned to each of them. Fiestas in the Philippines serve as either religious, cultural, or both. These festivals are held to honor the patron saint or to commemorate history and culture, such as promoting local products and celebrate a bountiful harvest. Fiestas can be categorized by

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Early pottery has been found in the form of mostly anthropomorphic earthenware jars dating from c. 5 BC to 225 AD. Early Philippine painting can be found in red slip (clay mixed with water) designs embellished on the ritual pottery of the Philippines such as the acclaimed

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structure is built over water. The architecture of other indigenous peoples may be characterized by an angular wooden roofs, bamboo in place of leafy thatching and ornate wooden carvings. The Bahay na bato architecture is a variant of Nipa Hut that emerged during the Spanish era.

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in 1999 and awarding of various recognition for the conservation and preservation of its unique architectural and landscaping styles. In 2016, bills proposing to establish a Department of Culture were filed in both chambers of Congress to help formulate policy on architecture.

2463:, also referred collectively as Anitism, meaning ancestral religions, are the original faiths of the diverse ethnic groups of the Philippines. Much of the texts of the religions are stored through memory which are traditionally chanted, rather than written in manuscripts. 2408:, which accounts for around 2% of the national population. Other Christian churches are divided among a variety of Christian sects and cults. From the census in 2014, Christianity consisted of about 90.07% of the population and is largely present throughout the nation. 1312:, where business proposals to construct structures that are not inclined with Manila's architectural styles have been continuously accepted and constructed by such experts, effectively destroying Manila's architectural townscape one building at a time. Only the city of 3639:

An Overseas Filipino is a person of Filipino origin, who lives outside of the Philippines. This term is applied to people of Filipino ancestry, who are citizens or residents of a different country. Often, these Filipinos are referred to as Overseas Filipino Workers.

1954:, violin, trumpets and drums. They performed songs and dances to celebrate festive occasions. By the 21st century, many of the folk songs and dances have remained intact throughout the Philippines. Some of the groups that perform these folk songs and dances are the 1882:

or father of patriotic paint, gained recognition. He uses his own white hair to make his own paintbrushes and signs his painting using his own blood on the right side corner. He developed his own styles without professional training or guidance from professionals.

3204:, a national sports festival, has its origin in an annual sporting meet of public schools that started in 1948. Private schools and universities eventually joined the national event, which became known as the "Palarong Pambansa" in 1976. It serves as a national 4695:

Today, only the centres (poblacion or downtown areas) of Filipino heritage towns and cities remain in most of the expansive heritage cities and towns in the country. Yet, some heritage cities in their former glory prior to the war still exist, such as the

1775: 2304:. While each unique ethnic group has its own stories and myths to tell, Hindu and Spanish influences can nonetheless be detected in many cases. Philippine mythology mostly consists of creation stories or stories about supernatural creatures, such as the 2210:

several local talents started to gain recognition abroad. Award-winning filmmakers and actors were first introduced during this period. As the decade drew to a close, the studio system monopoly came under siege as a result of labor-management conflicts.

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mostly unaffected by the traditional lowland Christian Filipino culture and clothing. What influenced them instead was the modern culture and fashions. Though traditional clothing are retained for traditional ceremonies and cultural occasions as well.

5711:, analysed the Y-DNA of average Filipinos and it is discovered that about 0.95% of the samples have the Y-DNA Haplotype "H1a", which is most common in South Asia and had spread to the Philippines via precolonial Indian missionaries who spread Hinduism" 3479:

Prior to the 2003 Convention, the Philippines was invited by UNESCO to nominate intangible heritage elements for the inclusion to the Proclamation of Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity. This prompted the proclamation of the

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and Southeast Asia. It is usually dome-shaped or cone-shaped, but various other styles also exist, including versions with dome-shaped, cone-shaped, or flat crowns with a flat or gently sloping brim. It can be made from various materials including

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are the first literature of the Philippines, usually passed on through generation via traditional and oral folk literature. Written texts recording the stories have also been made. These literary stories are mostly chanted as part of a dynamic

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of other nations. Overseas Filipinos often work as doctors, nurses, accountants, IT professionals, engineers, architects, entertainers, technicians, teachers, military servicemen, students, caregivers, domestic helpers, and household maids.

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An estimated 10 percent of the Philippine population, or nearly 8 million people, are overseas Filipino workers distributed in 182 countries, according to POPCOM. That is in addition to the estimated 3 million migrants who work illegally

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picture quality, sound and writing. The 1980s brought the arrival of alternative or independent cinema in the Philippines. The 1990s saw the emerging popularity of drama, teen-oriented romantic comedy, adult, comedy and action films.

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About 86 to 87 percent of the Philippine population belong to the 19 ethnolinguistic groups are classified as neither indigenous nor moro. known simply as Filipinos, these groups are sometimes collectively referred to as "Lowland

2181:, filmmaking was put on hold. Nonetheless, it was continued on 1930s up until 1945 replacing the Hollywood market with Japanese films but met with little success. Postwar 1940s and the 1950s were known as the first golden age of 2383:

The arrival of the Spanish colonizers in the 16th century brought the beginning of the Christianization of the people in the Philippines. This phase in history is noted as the tipping point for the destruction of a variety of

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were complex political formations based on the deltas of the archipelago's biggest river systems, with political and trade relationships with polities further upstream on one hand, and with the political and trading powers of

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in 2012. The publication contains an initial inventory of 335 ICH elements with elaborate discussions on 109 ICH elements. The elements listed are the first batch of continuous updating process initiated by the government,

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Filipino values are, for the most part, centered around maintaining social harmony, motivated primarily by the desire to be accepted within a group. The main sanction against diverging from these values are the concepts of

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Other types of schools in the country include private schools, preparatory schools, international schools, laboratory high schools, and science high schools. Of these schools, private Catholic schools are the most famous.

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with the resurgence of mostly Visayan films through Lapu-Lapu Pictures. Nationalistic films became popular, and movie themes consisting primarily of war and heroism and proved to be successful with Philippine audiences.

1962:, and Fort Santiago theatres. Many Filipino musicians have risen prominence such as the composer and conductor Antonio J. Molina, the composer Felipe P. de Leon, known for his nationalistic themes and the opera singer 605:, whether they are classified as Indigenous peoples or not. About 142 are classified as non-Muslim Indigenous People groups, and about 19 ethnolinguistic groups are classified as neither indigenous nor moro. Various 2118:

was the first introduced moving picture on January 1, 1897, in the Philippines. All films were all in Spanish since Philippine cinema was first introduced during the final years of the Spanish era of the country.

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Filipinos have created toys using insects such as tying a beetle to string, and sweeping it circular rotation to make an interesting sound. The "Salagubang gong" is a toy described by Charles Brtjes, an American

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Throughout the centuries, the islands have incorporated the cuisine of the early Malay settlers, Arab and Chinese traders, and Spanish and American colonizers along with other Oriental and Occidental accent and

955:" or 'self-esteem'. Social approval, acceptance by a group, and belonging to a group are major concerns. Caring about what others will think, say or do, are strong influences on social behavior among Filipinos. 1618:, the more modern version of the Maria Clara. By the 1920s, the style of the skirt still remained, influenced by the flapper dress; however, the wide sleeves had been flattened to butterfly sleeves and the big 6243: 2528:

arrived around 900 AD. Most adherent of Hinduism have Indian origins while those practicing Buddhism have Chinese or Japanese origins, notably those who immigrated in the Philippines in the last few decades.

1220:, a lot of the colonial edifices constructed during the American occupation in the country can still be seen. Commercial buildings, houses and churches in that era are abundant in the city and especially in 5799: 1613:

a type of shirt, usually in white. When the Americans arrived baro't saya started to change again and became more modern in contrast to the conservative style. The women then wore the new version called,

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scattered throughout the archipelago. The highland Austronesians and Negrito have co-existed with their lowland Austronesian kin and neighbor groups for thousands of years in the Philippine archipelago.

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was dubbed as the "Father of Philippine Cinema". Dubbed as the "Father of Philippine Cinema", his work marked the start of cinema as an art form in the Philippines. His first film produced was entitled

1049:, but many of the buildings bearing its influence were demolished during World War II. Some examples remain, mainly among the country's churches, government buildings, and universities. Four Philippine 5499: 1097:

also introduced stones and rocks as housing and building materials and the Filipinos merged it with their existing architecture and forms a hybrid mix-architecture only exclusive to the Philippines.

878:, among others. Numerous culturally-indigenous groups also live outside these two indigenous corridors. In addition to these labels, groups and individuals sometimes identify with the Tagalog term 1516:

also printed with patadyong pattern and is often placed above the right shoulder. These traditions was brought by the Visayans to Mindanao where they also dominate the Christian lowland culture.

3537:, and other stakeholders. In 2014, the Pinagmulan was a finalist under the category of the Elfren S. Cruz Prize for Best Book in the Social Sciences to the National Book Awards organized by the 7435: 510:

to spread and dominate throughout the archipelago and influenced the religion and beliefs of the natives. Then, the Philippines became a U.S. territory for almost 50 years. Influence from the

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of the region, and by centuries of interaction with neighboring cultures, and colonial powers. In more recent times, Filipino culture has also been influenced through its participation in the

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is played on a board game using small sea shells in which players try to take all shells. The winner is determined by who has the most shells at the point when all small pits become empty.

3424:. Children will draw a sequence rectangles using chalk on the ground. With various level of obstacle on each rectangle, children will compete against one another or in a team. Players use 4713:

since 1999. Only the heritage city of Vigan has a town law that guarantees its singular architecture (the Vigan colonial style) shall always be used in constructions and reconstructions.

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passage, many ancestral home owners continue to approve the demolition of ancestral structures. In certain cases, government entities themselves were the purveyors of such demolitions.

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With the high rates of film production in the past, several movie artists have appeared in over 100+ roles in Philippine Cinema and enjoyed great recognition from fans and moviegoers.

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is one of the country's prominent Filipino poets, he is named as one of the greatest Filipino literary laureates for his contributions in Philippine literature. His greatest work, the

7701: 5096: 4973: 2225:, dominated the cinema. The second golden age occurred from the 1970s to early 1980s. It was during this era that filmmakers ceased to produce pictures in black and white. A rise in 2995:

and New Year's holidays. Changes are currently being made to the system and some universities have copied the Westernized academic calendar and now start the school year in August.

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the paintings and sculptures between the 19th and 20th centuries produced a mixture of religious, political, and landscape art works, with qualities of sweetness, dark, and light.

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that covers 2,263,816 square kilometers (874,064 sq mi) of sea, covering an area 200 nautical miles (370 km) from its shores. Settlement on the islands by its many

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The Philippines, with the National Commission for Culture and the Arts as the de facto Ministry of Culture, ratified the 2003 Convention after its formal deposit in August 2006.

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in form of has influenced Filipino culture in almost every facet, from visual arts, architecture, dance, and music. Presently, the Philippines is one of the two predominantly

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exhibit their okir on elaborate markings with boat-like imagery. The Marananaos make similar carvings on housings called torogan. Weapons made by Muslim Filipinos such as the

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and was part of the Spanish empire, particularly both the native and migrant lowland-coastal groups, and adopted foreign elements of culture throughout the country's history.

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have slight differences as both Spanish and Filipino ways of architecture assimilated differently due to the climate. Limestones and coral were used as building materials.

5043:. Malacañang Presidential Museum and Library Araw ng Maynila Briefers. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. June 23, 2015. Archived from 829:

or subgroups that maintain partial isolation or independence throughout the colonial era, and have retained much of their traditional pre-colonial culture and practices.

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are generally considered the earliest settlers; today, although few in numbers, they preserve a very traditional way of life and culture. After those early settlers, the

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As part of the objective of the 2003 Convention, the National Commission for Culture and the Arts through the Intangible Cultural Heritage unit and in partnership with

6287: 2120: 1821:, similar to the Middle Eastern Islamic art. This style is associated with men. The other style is geometric tapestries, and is associated with women. The Tausug and 1262:. Pre-Hispanic housing is still common in rural areas. Contemporary-style housing subdivisions and suburban-gated communities are popular in urbanized places such as 6247: 1533:

hat is a Filipino general term for a range of related traditional headgear used by virtually all ethnic groups of the Philippines and is a Filipino variation of the

3468:, also means 'coward'. It is commonly believed that a circumcised eight or ten year-old is no longer a boy and is given more adult roles in the family and society. 1463: 494:

The advent of Spanish colonial rule in the islands marked the beginning of the Philippines as an entity, a collection of Southeast Asian countries united under the

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The Philippines has 110 enthnolinguistic groups comprising the Philippines' indigenous peoples; as of 2010, these groups numbered at around 14–17 million persons.

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groups" to distinguish them from the other ethnolinguistic groups. The most populous of these groups, with populations exceeding a million individuals, are the

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International employment includes an increasing number of skilled Filipino workers taking on unskilled work overseas, resulting in what has been referred to as

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in 2008. A third inscription was made in 2015 through a multinational nomination between Cambodia, the Philippines, the Republic of Korea and Viet Nam for the

3450:(WHO) about 90% of Filipino men are circumcised, one of the world's highest circumcision rates. Although the roots of the practice date back to the arrival of 1863: 6986: 5468: 2991:

The school year in the Philippines starts in June and ends in March, with a two-month summer break from April to May, two-week semestral break in October and

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Written texts, however, have been utilized as well in modern times to preserve aspects of the religions, notably their stories which are important aspects of

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films dominated theater sales during the late 1980s until the 2000s. The dawn of this era saw a dramatic decline of the mainstream Philippine movie industry.

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process. Considered lost art and highly collectible art form. Very few known art pieces exist today. The technique was practiced by the indigenous people of

5135:. Area handbook series (4th ed.). Washington, D.C.: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress : For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O. 357: 5200: 5244: 1875: 1855: 1731:, red hornbill beaks, plants, and metals. Many Filipino painters were influenced by this and started using materials such as extract from onion, tomato, 7310: 4750:

The actual historical use of the term "barangay" and its applicability to polities throughout the archipelago has been questioned in recent scholarship.

7299: 7443: 6496: 3617:(PRECUP), the official cultural property inventory of the country which includes both tangible and intangible cultural properties. In April 2018, the 5230: 1839: 7732: 1859: 1822: 1450: 308: 7811: 1689:

or the 'Painted People' of the Visayas. Various designs referencing flora and fauna with heavenly bodies decorate their bodies in various colored

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of Filipinos is rooted primarily in personal alliance systems, especially those based in kinship, obligation, friendship, religion (particularly

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as the religious traders did not intended to colonize the islands. Presently, around 6% of the population are Muslims, concentrating in the

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There are about 11 million overseas Filipinos living worldwide, equivalent to about 11 percent of the total population of the Philippines.

3622: 1867: 7306:. Retrieved December 19, 2009, from the Northern Illinois University, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, SEAsite Project. (archived from 1485:

Throughout the 16th century up to the 18th century, women wore a more updated version of the Baro't saya, composed of a bodice – called a

438:". These polities consisted of about thirty to a hundred households, and were ruled by leaders with titles. The largest of these, such as 7843: 4656: 2274: 2256: 7107: 6409: 1196:

in 1898 introduced a new breed of architectural structures in the Philippines. This led to the construction of government buildings and

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in 1450, the succeeding 200 years of Spanish rule obviated the religious reasons for circumcision. Nevertheless, circumcision, called

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had been key in the formation of the Philippine national consciousness in the 19th century. In the 20th century, the proclamation of

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Each year, thousands of Filipinos migrate to work abroad through overseas employment agencies and other programs. Other individuals

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and discovered a toy using beetles to create a periodic gong effect on a kerosene can as the beetle rotates above the contraption.

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Junker, Laura Lee (1990). "The Organization of Intraregional and Longdistance Trade in Prehispanic Philippine Complex Societies".

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in 2005. After the establishment of the 2003 Convention, all entries to the Proclamation of Masterpieces were incorporated in the

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or cockfighting is another popular entertainment especially among Filipino men, and existed prior to the arrival of the Spanish.

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Further evidence of painting is manifest in the tattoo tradition of early Filipinos, whom the Portuguese explorer referred to as

1445: 1228: 153: 7138: 572:(UNCLOS). It is made out of 7,641 islands with a total land area of 300,000 square kilometers (115,831 sq mi), and an 7407: 5706: 5374:"The Archaeology of Pericolonialism: Responses of the "Unconquered" to Spanish Conquest and Colonialism in Ifugao, Philippines" 2178: 2154: 1805:

and layering. The merging of the ancient styles produces a unique artwork characterized by delicate swirling interwoven lines,

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National Statistics Office. "Statistics on Filipino Children." Journal of Philippine Statistics, vol. 59, no. 4, 2008, p. 119.

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used post-modernism to produce paintings that illustrated Philippine culture, nature and harmony. While other artists such as

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A formal field interpreting Psychology as rooted on the experience, ideas, and cultural orientation of the Filipinos, called

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is a popular gambling game. Individuals play the game by trying to get rid of all the cards by choosing poker hands wisely.

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brought European churches and architecture which subsequently became the center of most towns and cities in the nation. The

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https://www.asj.upd.edu.ph/mediabox/archive/ASJ-09-02-1971/hislop-anitism-survey-religious%20beliefs-native-philippines.pdf

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By 2016, according to the ICH Unit, National Commission for Culture and the Arts, there were 367 elements listed under the

3305: 2460: 2417: 1351: 241: 1597:, The attire is composed of four pieces, namely the camisa, the saya, the pañuelo (a scarf, also spelled panuelo) and the 1200:

theaters. During the American period, some semblance of city planning using the architectural designs and master plans by

7859: 6831:. : Published and exclusively distributed by the Office of Research and Publications, Ateneo de Manila University. 2001. 6126: 5928:"Twenty-seven. Why I Don't (Really) Consider Myself a Filipinx: Complicating "Filipinxness" from a Katutubo Intervention" 3186: 2926: 1102: 989: 343: 257: 7174:

Philippine food has Chinese, Malaysian, Spanish and American influences — all cultures that have shaped the Philippines.

6719: 5257: 5182: 7864: 7781: 6083: 5767: 5160: 4731: 4303: 3485: 3279: 2362: 2266: 398: 236: 17: 2388:

beliefs in the country, which were replaced by colonial belief systems that fitted the tastes of the Spanish, notably

7660: 7633: 6779: 6754: 5420: 4946: 4885: 4849: 4821: 4678: 3029: 2432: 7103:

Just as Filipino people are part Malay, Chinese and Spanish, so is the cuisine of their seven-thousand-island nation

6387: 1797:

Island between early 1600 and late 1800 A.D. It is an exotic Philippine art form based on early century techniques:

959:

the female members of society, the fear of God, and abhorrence of acts of cheating people financially and thievery.

6478: 3397: 2967:. At about seven years of age, students enter elementary school (6 to 9 years) this include Grade 7 to Grade 10 as 2366: 2011: 2007: 1477: 1236: 826: 577: 531: 502:

and later directly from Madrid (after 1821 Mexican independence), the islands between the 16th and 19th centuries (

375: 90: 2261:

Protest art has played an important part in Philippine history, and in the development of Philippine culture. The

1333: 1089:

in Ilocos Sur is also known for the many Hispanic-style houses and buildings preserved there. The introduction of

751:. These groups also comprise and contribute a considerable proportion of the country's population, especially its 601:. Traditionally-Muslim peoples from the southernmost island group of Mindanao are usually categorized together as 4807: 3284: 2385: 2358: 2165:. It was also during this time that a movie market was formally created in the country along with the arrival of 979: 278: 133: 5075:. E. de los Santos St., UP Campus, Diliman, Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press. pp. 117–153. 5247:(NAMRIA) announced that it had identified 400 to 500 additional land features that might be considered islands. 5208: 4660: 3087: 1723:

have bright red tones. Their weaving can also be identified by beaded ornamentation. Other peoples such as the

423:

arrived on the archipelago. The Austronesian culture is strongly evident in the ethnic majority and languages.

394: 117: 7869: 7307: 6522: 3083: 3059: 1990: 1098: 298: 219: 199: 3556:

tugging ritual, and at least three kinds of traditional healing practices in the Philippines, including the

3208:

for students, competing at school and national level contests. The year 2002 event included football, golf,

1958:, Filipinescas, Barangay-Barrio, Hariraya, the Karilagan Ensemble, and groups associated with the guilds of 1018:

During the Spanish era, the new Christianized lowland culture collectively evolved a new style known as the

3675: 2922: 1122: 773: 527: 390: 73: 6829:

Memory, truth telling, and the pursuit of justice: a Conference on the Legacies of the Marcos Dictatorship

3511: 3058:, a form of martial arts, is the national sport in the Philippines. Among the most popular sports include 544:

The Philippines' culture is shaped by its archipelagic geography, topography and physical location within

7740: 7148: 6336: 3666:, for example, in cases where doctors undergo retraining to become nurses and other employment programs. 3601:

Carabao is a major symbol of Filipinos hard labor. And is known to be the "Filipino farmer's bestfriend".

2963:

countries. Philippine students enter public school at about age four, starting from nursery school up to

2347: 2101:. If the ethnic majority is Hanunuo Mangyan, then the script that will be taught is hanunu'o, and so on. 1598: 1387: 1054: 887: 781: 476: 224: 102: 7267:"Republic Act No. 9850: AN ACT DECLARING ARNIS AS THE NATIONAL MARTIAL ART AND SPORT OF THE PHILIPPINES" 6772:

The Propaganda Movement, 1880–1895: The Creation of Filipino Consciousness, the Making of the Revolution

6076:"Filipino Values, Chapter XIII, Teaching Values in the Natural and Physical Sciences in the Philippines" 5927: 5243:

The count of islands was pegged at 7,107 in 1945, and was updated to 7,641 in 2017 after the Philippine

2026: 1834: 7820: 7819:(Master of Arts in Communication, Culture and Technology thesis). Georgetown University. Archived from 6936: 5682:

Essential Outsiders: Chinese and Jews in the Modern Transformation of Southeast Asia and Central Europe

5580:

Essential Outsiders: Chinese and Jews in the Modern Transformation of Southeast Asia and Central Europe

4770: 1058: 854:

groups, while the non-Muslim culturally-indigenous groups of mainland Mindanao are collectively called

632:, a broad category which includes some indigenous people groups and some non-indigenous people groups. 439: 410: 189: 68: 6185: 4160: 2470:

and traditional rites and other practices. These stories consist of creation stories or stories about

2057: 1999: 1045:

has left an imprint in the Philippines in the way many towns were designed around a central square or

3447: 3063: 3019: 2936: 2226: 2110: 1213: 1012: 998: 890:, there are 135 recognized local indigenous Austronesian languages in the Philippines, of which one ( 641: 443: 248: 214: 7521:"LIST: National Book Awards 2014 finalists | News Feature, News, The Philippine Star | philstar.com" 7376: 3246:

There are several forms of Filipino martial arts that originated in the Philippines (similar to how

7575: 7545: 7266: 6446: 6096:

Values in Philippine Culture and Education (Philippine Philosophical Studies, Series III, Volume 7)

1934: 565: 430:

in the 1500s, the various ethnic groups of the Philippines were organized into various independent

209: 163: 148: 6555:"The Role of José Nepomuceno in the Philippine Society: What language did his silent film speaks?" 3442:

Every year, usually in April and May, thousands of Filipino boys are taken by their parents to be

1504:, a type of Baro't Saya blouse matching with a knee-length or floor-length skirt printed with the 7813:

FINDING A HOME FOR FILIPINO-AMERICAN DUAL CITIZENS: MEMBERSHIP AND THE FILIPINO NATIONAL IDENTITY

4649: 4559: 3901: 3715: 3481: 2826: 2688: 2376: 664:

conceived in 1986 as a way to distinguish them from their neighboring indigenous Moro neighbors.

573: 545: 452: 435: 283: 138: 7244: 6639: 5836: 5559:(Press release). PRIB, Office of the Senate Secretary, Senate of the Philippines. Archived from 5320: 5314:

PIDS DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES: Inequality of Opportunities Among Ethnic Groups in the Philippines

2513:

region in Mindanao. Most Filipino Muslims practice Sunni Islam according to the Shafi'i school.

2371: 1969:

Modern day Philippine music features several styles. Most music genres are contemporary such as

1587:

skirts that usually have long train rather than the simple floor length skirts, a bodice called

4726: 3493: 3033: 2825:(chocolate) are usually eaten outside the three main meals. Popular Filipino beverages include 2764:). Some delicacies eaten by some Filipinos may seem unappetizing to the Western palate include 2301: 968: 744: 379: 78: 7352: 6999: 6554: 6269: 6183: 6151: 5525: 5002: 7026: 6413: 5680: 5578: 5560: 5346: 3613:), the official ICH inventory of the Philippines. All elements under the PIICH are listed in 3241: 2044: 1771:

fiber are woven into cloth with geometric patterns depicting human, animal and plant themes.

769: 594: 158: 7599:"Punnuk, the Tugging Ritual in Hungduan, Closing an Agricultural Cycle – ICH Courier Online" 6098:. Cultural heritage and contemporary change. Council for Research in Values and Philosophy. 5291:– Sea Around Us Project – Fisheries, Ecosystems & Biodiversity – Data and Visualization. 5070: 2236:

The mid-2010s also saw broader commercial success of films produced by independent studios.

1633:

Men wore suit and coat worn in the West, mostly Americans hence the name it was called, the

1474:(for women) began to emerged and would ultimately define the newly formed Filipino culture. 7546:"Inventories: identifying for safeguarding – intangible heritage – Culture Sector – UNESCO" 6087: 5745: 5288: 3170: 3122: 3067: 2467: 2423: 2296: 2291: 2015: 1671: 1339: 1174: 1042: 756: 548:, all of which defined the cultural histories of the country's 175 Ethnolinguistic groups. 420: 386: 231: 7782:"National Commission for Culture and the Arts - Marangal, Malikhain, Mapagbago, Filipino!" 6868:

J Sherman - An Encyclopedia of Mythology and Folklore, Routledge, 2008, Filipino Mythology

6358: 6219: 5115: 3150: 3024: 1239:. The building was built in 1924 and was completed at 1927. The building, designed by Fr. 8: 6913: 6859:

GH Abad - World Literature Today, 2000, One hundred years of Filipino poetry: An overview

4710: 4166: 3776: 3651: 3331: 2902: 2262: 2252: 2222: 2021:

Some well known works of literature were created in the 17th to 19th centuries. The

1978: 1815:

and multi-layered texture and an illusion of three-dimensional space.metalworking called

1320: 918: 912: 833: 653: 484: 460: 318: 2913:

are also popular and have successfully competed against international fast food chains.

1625: 7473: 7331: 7218: 5401: 4404: 3662:, particularly in the health and education sectors. Also, the employment can result in 3460:, has persisted. The pressure to be circumcised is evidenced even in the language: the 3146: 2830: 2525: 2034: 1897: 1802: 1713: 1279: 1221: 1209: 1208:. Part of the Burnham plan was the construction of government buildings that resembled 1126: 1070: 993: 844:

Culturally-indigenous peoples of northern Philippine highlands can be grouped into the

681: 661: 561: 333: 112: 7190: 6464: 1519: 1254:. Islamic and other Asian architecture can also be seen depicted on buildings such as 755:, and economy and were integral to the establishment of the country, from the rise of 7356: 7135: 7113: 7085: 7059: 7032: 7005: 6940: 6888: 6842: 6832: 6810: 6800: 6775: 6750: 6743: 6516: 6223: 6157: 6130: 6099: 6032: 6006:, Philippines, Country Studies US. Online version of print book Ronald E. Dolan, ed. 5984: 5974: 5943: 5908: 5686: 5659: 5634: 5609: 5584: 5405: 5393: 5373: 5136: 5076: 5044: 5006: 4942: 4891: 4881: 4855: 4845: 4817: 4620: 4605: 4362: 4119: 3945: 3695: 3634: 3386: 3201: 3174: 2693: 2575: 2505: 2389: 2182: 2123:

was the first known movie producer. He used the Lumiere Cinematograph when he filmed

2067: 2039: 1943: 1534: 1496:, was a collared and buttoned lace shirt or a suit. Aside from Barong, men also wore 1186: 1166: 1154: 748: 713: 677: 447: 303: 143: 7418: 5714: 2815: 6651: 5935: 5900: 5537: 5385: 4575: 4544: 4432: 3725: 3711: 3461: 3401: 3372: 3048: 2984: 2976: 2931: 2683: 2649: 2554: 2203: 1974: 1892: 1724: 1667: 1629:

Villa Escudero exhibit depicting 19th century Filipino family in traditional attire

1602: 1497: 1375: 1343: 1300: 1158: 891: 740: 736: 669: 625: 621: 515: 273: 179: 7393: 6964:(Thesis). South East Asia Graduate School of Theology, Philippines. Archived from 3519: 879: 656:. Meanwhile, the non-Moro peoples of Mindanao are collectively referred to as the 51: 7346: 7314: 7283: 7152: 7142: 6882: 6658: 6212: 6120: 6061: 6025: 5843: 4996: 4934: 4811: 4393: 3663: 3583: 3529: 3515: 3389:, Magellan's chronicler, first documented this pastime in the kingdom of Taytay. 3162: 3158: 3130: 3079: 2790: 2640: 2490: 2448: 2331: 2140: 1432: 1267: 1244: 930: 777: 709: 697: 613: 293: 288: 268: 107: 7287: 7001:

Responsibility and Cultures of the World: Dialogue Around a Collective Challenge

6965: 3351:

and cross to the other side unscathed. Other traditional Filipino games include

2998:

In 2005, the Philippines spent about US$ 138 per pupil compared to US$ 1,582 in

1917:

is a popular dance showcasing the story of a prince and princess in the forest.

1489:, often made in pineapple fiber or muslin – and a floor length skirt, while the 536: 7702:"Rapid Population Growth, Crowded Cities Present Challenges in the Philippines" 7028:

Shamanism, Catholicism, and gender relations in colonial Philippines, 1521–1685

5888: 5186: 4709:

has repeatedly withheld from inscribing further Filipino heritage towns in the

4590: 4125: 3784: 3768: 3684: 3571: 3295: 3194: 3154: 3142: 3138: 3044: 2988:

approach differs depending on the overall programs that these curricula offer.

2971:, then after, they graduate. Since the Philippines has already implemented the 2874: 2794: 2636: 2486: 2327: 2146: 1963: 1705:

carved and painted in the beautiful Panolong of their Torogan or King's House.

1694: 1606: 1491: 1471: 1467: 1459: 1201: 805: 765: 705: 693: 685: 673: 495: 7683:"Subanen's 'buklog' ritual nominated to Unesco endangered world heritage list" 6605: 6001: 5939: 5904: 5760: 5631:

Overseas Chinese Entrepreneurship and Capitalist Development in Southeast Asia

5389: 2848:, for example, foods are generally spicier than elsewhere in the Philippines. 1939: 1240: 609:

groups have also had a significant presence throughout the country's history.

7853: 6933:

Anitism and perichoresis: Towards a Filipino Christian eco-theology of nature

5988: 5926:

Ruanto-Ramirez, J. A. (June 7, 2022), Bonus, Rick; Tiongson, Antonio (eds.),

5912: 5397: 4479: 4464: 4149: 3992: 3501: 3489: 3413: 3343: 3326: 3205: 2968: 2952: 2882: 2084: 1970: 1925:

pattern in which the dancers exploit every position of these clashing poles.

1679: 1575: 1486: 1275: 1271: 1106: 1078: 1003: 895: 845: 689: 511: 506:

being one of the last places to be colonized in the mid-1800s), resulting in

7785: 6944: 6846: 6814: 6570:, p.152. University of California Press, 1987. Retrieved on January 9, 2011. 5777: 4895: 4878:

Filipino indigenous ethnic communities: patterns, variations, and typologies

4859: 3182: 2951:

has been influenced by Western and Eastern ideology and philosophy from the

2706:(fish or pork, cooked in vinegar and water with some spices like garlic and 2052: 597:, many of which are classified as "Indigenous Peoples" under the country's 7396:. (2010). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Retrieved January 10, 2010. 5541: 4208: 3751: 3747: 3680: 3523:: Enumeration from the Philippine Inventory of Intangible Cultural Heritage 3443: 3409: 3310: 3228: 3178: 3099: 3095: 3091: 2964: 2845: 2718: 2707: 2437: 2393: 2193: 2030: 2022: 1871: 1862:

showed a trend for political statement. The first American national artist

1790: 1690: 1555: 1415: 1411: 1393: 1263: 1130: 1090: 1066: 1062: 940: 936: 797: 721: 717: 518:, media and in the modern culture and clothing of present-day Philippines. 507: 472: 468: 5428: 3347:, a very popular game to Filipino children where one has to jump over the 3040: 792: 328: 6497:"Philippine Heroes – Francisco Baltazar Balagtas y Dela Cruz (1788–1862)" 6184:

United Nations Educational; Scientific and Cultural Organization (2010).

6149: 4389: 4325: 4220: 3659: 3558: 3456: 3437: 3396:, a popular toy in the Philippines, was introduced in its modern form by 3267: 3166: 2948: 2906: 2798: 2766: 2312: 2166: 2025:

is a famous epic about a magical bird which was claimed to be written by

1922: 1812: 1808: 1760: 1248: 1217: 1031: 862: 629: 606: 602: 590: 568:

and is one of the five original archipelagic states recognized under the

557: 5973:( ed.). Diliman, Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press. 5258:"Philippine Population Density (Based on the 2015 Census of Population)" 3193:

and has the best performance of all Asian teams in the Olympics and the

2878:

are the most common condiments found in Filipino homes and restaurants.

2844:

Every province has its own specialty and tastes vary in each region. In

1910: 415:

Among the contemporary ethnic groups of the Philippine archipelago, the

6580: 6384:"Anthropomorphic Pots : Metal Age: Ayub Cave, Saranggani Province" 5443: 5129:

Dolan, Ronald E. (1993). Dolan, Ronald E.; Library of Congress (eds.).

4663: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 4137: 3772: 3760: 3647: 3591: 3428:

usually a flat stone, slipper or anything that could be tossed easily.

3360: 3263: 2886: 2850: 2771: 2510: 2401: 2214: 2170: 2162: 1847: 1811:

in the Philippines have two main artistic styles. One is a curved-line

1579: 1361: 1357: 1138: 1134: 1110: 1074: 899: 801: 772:. Other peoples of migrant and/or mixed descent include those such as, 7630:"Experiencing Healing Rituals of the Philippines – ICH Courier Online" 5319:(Report). Philippine Institute for Development Studies. Archived from 4964:"FAST FACTS: The United Nations General Assembly and PH participation" 1739:, rust, molasses and other materials available anywhere as paint. The 1593: 1121:. Colonial-era churches are also on the best examples and legacies of 1026:). It is characterized by use of simple materials such as bamboo and 6961:

Christianity encounters Filipino spirited-world beliefs: A case study

5183:"United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982" 4509: 4494: 4385: 3756: 3421: 3316: 3299: 3217: 3190: 3126: 3107: 3103: 3071: 2999: 2992: 2894: 2862: 2821: 2810: 2806: 2786: 2782: 2737: 2626: 2530: 2494: 2405: 2335: 2221:(soft porn) pictures and an era of musical films, produced mostly by 2090:

There have been proposals to revive all indigenous ethnic scripts or

2048: 1955: 1906: 1798: 1786: 1702: 1563: 1559: 1538: 1505: 1094: 1035: 761: 752: 499: 464: 456: 383: 85: 5526:"The Chinese Mestizos and the Formation of the Filipino Nationality" 4638: 1129:

which are only found in the Philippines. Historic provinces such as

4329: 3952: 3721: 3508: 3356: 3213: 3007: 2910: 2898: 2834: 2802: 2775: 2757: 2752: 2747: 2733: 2712: 2679: 2614: 2521: 2397: 2326:, and nature. Some popular figures from Philippine mythologies are 2322: 2198: 2098: 1827: 1718: 1663: 1567: 1551: 1523: 1197: 1162: 1142: 1019: 985: 860:. Australo-Melanesian groups throughout the archipelago are termed 701: 617: 431: 416: 7657:"Inventory-Making Efforts in the Philippines – ICH Courier Online" 6581:"Is the Curtain Finally Falling on the Philippine Kovie Industry?" 6557:. Stockholm University Publications. Retrieved on January 6, 2011. 6538:"Protect all PH writing systems, heritage advocates urge Congress" 6337:"17th Congress – Senate Bill No. 1528 – Senate of the Philippines" 4321: 4308: 3706: 2404:. The country also has its own independent Philippine church, the 2080: 2043:

is considered as his greatest work and one of the masterpieces of

1995: 1481:

Pineapple fiber is used to create traditional Philippine garments.

7436:"'Circumcision season': Philippine rite puts boys under pressure" 5971:

From colonial to liberation psychology: the Philippine experience

4968: 4071: 3780: 3699: 3376: 3251: 3209: 3117:

Filipinos have gained international success in sports. These are

2868: 2856: 2742: 2542: 2534: 2533:

arrived prior to the 12th century due to Japanese traders, while

2482: 2174: 1951: 1914: 1756: 1654: 1571: 1530: 1512:

skirt. The dress is often accompanied with a handkerchief called

1286: 1259: 1255: 1146: 1050: 1027: 837: 503: 2838: 2586: 1854:

was associated with religious and secular paintings. The art of

1698: 1316:

has passed such an ordinance, which led to its declaration as a

374:

is characterized by cultural and ethnic diversity. Although the

7838: 7286: (archived November 6, 2007) . Hagonoy.com. (archived from 5312:

Reyes, Cecilia M.; Mina, Christian D.; Asis, Ronina D. (2017).

4706: 4697: 3764: 3732: 3729: 3534: 3490:

Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity

3382: 3335: 3288: 3118: 3111: 2940: 2761: 2702: 2671: 2666: 2661: 2655: 2620: 2608: 2538: 2306: 2189: 1959: 1918: 1747:, Mandaya, Mansaka and T'boli are skilled in the art of dyeing 1736: 1547: 1543: 1379: 1317: 1309: 1296: 1232: 1205: 1170: 1150: 1114: 1082: 649: 488: 6321:. National Commission for Culture and the Arts. Archived from 6246:. National Commission for Culture and the Arts. Archived from 7145: 6153:

International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania

6054:

Communicating Holiness to the Filipinos: Challenges and Needs

5557:"Senate declares Chinese New Year as special working holiday" 5001:. Global Issues Series. Facts On File, Incorporated. p. 4701: 4313: 3999: 3451: 3393: 3352: 3247: 3233: 3134: 3075: 3055: 3003: 2956: 2897:

are a common sight in the country. Local food chains such as

2724: 2597: 2318: 2092: 1794: 1752: 1748: 1740: 1728: 1650: 1397: 1313: 1299:, a traditional Philippine urban transportation, in front of 1182: 1118: 1086: 856: 657: 645: 313: 5231:"Namria discovers 400 to 500 new islands in PHL archipelago" 5097:"The Cultural Influences of India, China, Arabia, and Japan" 3546:

Intangible Cultural Heritage Courier of Asia and the Pacific

6150:

Ring, Trudy; Robert M. Salkin & Sharon La Boda (1996).

6082:. The Council for Research in Values and Philosophy (RVP), 5707:"With a sample population of 105 Filipinos, the company of 4317:(Christmas lanterns) being sold during the Christmas season 3690: 3582:

healing practices and stone beliefs of the Itneg people in

2972: 2960: 1817: 1732: 1658: 1178: 4941:(2001 ed.). Quezon City: Punlad Research House, Inc. 4813:

Barangay: Sixteenth Century Philippine Culture and Society

3597: 3273: 2481:

Some popular, but distinct, figures include the Tagalog's

2087:, explores the tragic life of a female protagonist Ninay. 1605:. The men also continued to wear a more intricate version 7809: 7733:"[Info-Bureau] FW: Statement on Filipino Hostage" 7624: 7622: 7620: 6209: 6064:, The Path to a Filipino Theology of Holiness, pp. 2, 10. 5699: 5367: 5365: 5363: 2890: 2564: 1774: 1292: 836:

make up the overwhelming majority, while full or partial

731:, there are also some historical migrant heritage groups 6676:"'Tadhana' is top grossing local indie film of all time" 6022: 2635:

Filipinos cook a variety of foods influenced by of main

7159:"Why is it so hard to find a good Filipino restaurant?" 6880: 6797:

Protest/revolutionary art in the Philippines, 1970-1990

6716:"Cannes entry puts spotlight on Philippine indie films" 4939:

Filipino Prehistory: Rediscovering Precolonial Heritage

3750:

to the country. Most Philippine towns and cities has a

1977:

and other musical styles. Some are traditional such as

7617: 5360: 7442:. Agence France-Presse. June 19, 2019. Archived from 7377:"Sabong: An Enduring Hallmark of Philippines History" 6686: 6668: 5656:

Ethnic Business: Chinese Capitalism in Southeast Asia

5338: 5072:

The Myth of the Barangay and Other Silenced Histories

3363:

are popular during festivities, with some, including

2055:, the national hero of the country, wrote the novels 1458:

Baro evolved from its forerunner garment worn by the

1101:

can still be seen in centuries-old buildings such as

7763:"Silay in Negros passes landmark heritage ordinance" 7730: 6799:. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press. 6386:. National Museum of the Philippines. Archived from 6010:. Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress, 1991. 5858:"Senatorial candidates campaigning from the margins" 5421:"Drop 'lumad', use ethnic group names instead: NCIP" 5307: 5305: 5303: 5301: 5299: 5297: 4844:. Metro Manila, Philippines: PUNLAD Research House. 3607:

Philippine Inventory of Intangible Cultural Heritage

2537:

arrived in the 16th century due to the Inquisition.

1247:, is the first earthquake-resistant building in the 7081:

Cuisine and Culture: A History of cavalo and People

5800:"Fast Facts: Indigenous Peoples in the Philippines" 5245:

National Mapping and Resource Information Authority

4955: 1609:. Underneath the transparent barong tagalog is the 1015:was the common form of housing on the archipelago. 584: 7496:"Ratified and Non-Ratified Conventions by Country" 7112:. Int'l Business Publications. 2007. p. 111. 6908: 6906: 6904: 6749:(8th ed.). Quezon City: Garotech Publishing. 6742: 6211: 6024: 4842:Filipino worldview: ethnography of local knowledge 4816:. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press. 3355:, piko, patintero, bahay kubo, pusoy, and sungka. 3212:, badminton, baseball, chess, gymnastics, tennis, 2400:(80.58%) nations in Asia-Pacific, the other being 951:", roughly translated as 'a sense of shame', and " 7572:"Darangen, The Maranao Epic – ICH Courier Online" 6118: 5889:"Katutubo, Muslim, Kristyano: Palawan, 1621–1901" 5294: 5122: 4911: 4835: 4833: 3270:(the boxing component of Filipino martial arts). 3250:is the martial arts practiced in Asia) including 1759:, and its leaves are used to make fiber known as 884:, which denotes any person of indigenous origin. 743:, both of whom intermixed with the above lowland 7851: 7699: 7211: 6774:. Manila: Ateneo University Press. p. 333. 6632:A bleak storyline for the Filipino film industry 6560: 6426: 6093: 4880:(Repr ed.). Manila: PUNLAD Research House. 2770:(boiled egg with a fertilized duckling inside), 2653:(a meat stew made from either pork or chicken), 2196:starred in one of the earliest Filipino movies, 2169:. These silent films were always accompanied by 850:(comprising many different groups) and singular 727:Due to the history of the Philippines since the 7058:. New York, New York: Penguin. pp. 12–14. 6901: 6376: 6203: 5773:International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs 5378:International Journal of Historical Archaeology 3738:Festivals in the Philippines, locally known as 3471: 2524:arrived in the Philippines in 200–300 AD while 1712:The Itneg people are known for their intricate 570:United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 7024: 6980: 6503:. Archived from the original on March 11, 2014 6465:"Guide to Philippine Cultural and Folk Dances" 5934:, Fordham University Press, pp. 298–307, 5925: 5685:. University of Washington Press. p. 50. 5583:. University of Washington Press. p. 54. 5483: 4994: 4871: 4869: 4830: 4763: 2541:is also practiced by some Chinese immigrants. 2273:which came with it - led to the prominence of 2157:. Walgrah, a British entrepreneur, opened the 521: 7704:. Population Reference Bureau. Archived from 6694:"Angelica calls out fans on 'Tadhana' piracy" 6467:. philippinesculturalfolkdances.blogspot.com. 6447:"Hot Spots Filipino Cultural Dance - Singkil" 5608:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing. pp. 3, 6. 5548: 5311: 5264: 4555:Anibersaryo ng Rebolusyon ng Lakas ng mga Tao 581:to cultural linkages between various groups. 351: 7470:National Commission for Culture and the Arts 7408:"THE SALAGUBONG GONG, A FILIPINO INSECT TOY" 6410:"Islas de los Pintados: The Visayan Islands" 5496:National Commission for Culture and the Arts 5465:National Commission for Culture and the Arts 5064: 5062: 5031: 5029: 4929: 4927: 4907: 4905: 4628: 3623:National Commission for Culture and the Arts 2472:important figures such as deities and heroes 2411: 7233: 7214:"Jollibee stings McDonald's in Philippines" 6429:Historias de las Islas el Indios de Bisaias 6310: 5489: 5149: 4866: 4802: 4800: 4798: 4796: 3621:of the Subanen people was nominated by the 3590:healing practices of the Tagalog people of 2257:Protest art against the Marcos dictatorship 1578:. In addition to Salakot and western hats, 1285:However, certain areas of the country like 1011:Before the arrival of European colonizers, 720:) and many more. These groups converted to 7381:Top Destination Choice The Philippines.com 6788: 6769: 6709: 6707: 6280: 6156:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 565–569. 5678: 5576: 5250: 5041:Malacañang Presidential Museum and Library 3379:is played in some Philippine communities. 358: 344: 7205: 7077: 7051: 6740: 6210:Rowthorn, Chris & Greg Bloom (2006). 6073: 5837:National Commission on Indigenous Peoples 5572: 5570: 5492:"Philippine Music, A Historical Overview" 5272:"World Development Indicators - DataBank" 5059: 5026: 4924: 4902: 4679:Learn how and when to remove this message 637:the Philippines' Indigenous People groups 551: 7693: 7179: 7156: 6957: 6876: 6874: 6718:. Top News Light Reading. Archived from 6627: 6625: 6623: 6094:Manuel B. Dy Jr., ed. (March 10, 1994). 5968: 5855: 5554: 5116:"America's Influence in the Philippines" 4793: 4320: 4307: 3720: 3705: 3689: 3679: 3615:Philippine Registry of Cultural Property 3596: 3294: 3283: 3227: 3039: 3023: 3013: 2930: 2813:(sweet roll with grated cheese on top), 2447: 2431: 2370: 2188: 2153:Film showing resumed in 1900 during the 1994: 1938: 1901:Filipino traditional dance at a festival 1896: 1833: 1773: 1662: 1624: 1518: 1476: 1449: 1291: 1204:was done on the portions of the city of 997: 791: 616:ethnic groups ethnolinguistic groups of 560:is the result of the fact that it is an 535: 483:and some trade also took place with the 389:, their cultures were all shaped by the 382:have only recently established a shared 7724: 7293: 7273: 6887:. University of the Philippines Press. 6713: 6704: 6600: 6598: 6573: 6218:(9th ed.). Lonely Planet. p. 6045: 6018: 6016: 5371: 5345:Kamlian, Jamail A. (October 20, 2012). 5344: 4976:from the original on September 22, 2020 3274:Traditional Filipino games and pastimes 2428:List of Philippine mythological figures 2285: 2159:Cine Walgrah at No. 60 Calle Santa Rosa 1763:. The fiber is dyed by a method called 1446:Fashion and clothing in the Philippines 1439: 1229:University of Santo Tomas Main Building 935:As a general description, the distinct 733:within the lowland Filipino populations 14: 7852: 7731:Gabriela Network USA (July 19, 2004). 7344: 7018: 6794: 6568:"Third World Film Making and the West" 6535: 6420: 6317:Datar, Francisco A. (April 19, 2015). 6270:"The Official Iloilo Province Webpage" 6177: 5735: 5679:Chirot, Daniel; Reid, Anthony (1997). 5577:Chirot, Daniel; Reid, Anthony (1997). 5567: 5502:from the original on November 26, 2020 5223: 4933: 4875: 4839: 3254:(weapon-based fighting, also known as 2760:soup with a variety of pork, fish, or 2643:, influences indigenous ingredients. 1913:. In the southern region of Mindanao, 906: 648:have often been referred to using the 599:Indigenous Peoples' Rights Act of 1997 434:, which historians have come to call " 6997: 6930: 6924: 6871: 6645: 6620: 6316: 6186:"Baroque Churches of the Philippines" 6122:Arch. Char. & The History of Arch 6067: 5628: 5519: 5517: 5418: 5128: 5068: 4962:Abad, Michelle (September 22, 2020). 4806: 3625:in the list for urgent safeguarding. 1053:churches are included in the list of 823:indigenous peoples of the Philippines 815:Indigenous peoples of the Philippines 813:These paragraphs are an excerpt from 787: 514:is manifested in the wide use of the 7739:(email list posting). Archived from 7596: 7351:. Univ of Wisconsin Press. pp. 7157:Morgolis, Jason (February 6, 2014). 7084:. John Wiley and Sons. p. 263. 7031:. Ashgate Publishing. p. xvii. 6638:. February 11, 2007. (archived from 6595: 6244:"History of Philippine Architecture" 6143: 6013: 5995: 5886: 5808:United Nations Development Programme 5672: 5653: 5603: 5555:Macrohon, Pilar (January 21, 2013). 5458: 5113: 5099:. Philippine Almanac. Archived from 4961: 4661:adding citations to reliable sources 4632: 3628: 2781:Popular snacks and desserts such as 2675:(roasted pig) are served on plates. 2461:Indigenous Philippine folk religions 2418:Indigenous Philippine folk religions 1591:which means blouse in English and a 1189:also boasts colonial-era buildings. 628:are collectively referred to as the 7654: 7569: 7387: 6023:Chris Rowthorn; Greg Bloom (2006). 5523: 5207:. February 20, 2016. Archived from 4995:Bailey, R.; Trujillo, L.A. (2010). 4517: 4335: 3431: 3220:, track and field, and volleyball. 3187:Philippine National Basketball Team 2975:system, students will enter SHS or 2927:Higher education in the Philippines 2785:(deep fried pork or chicken skin), 2104: 1905:Philippine folk dances include the 990:Ancestral houses of the Philippines 540:Dominant ethnic groups by province. 24: 7810:Kathleen Melissa Martinez (2007). 7803: 7405: 6536:Orejas, Tonette (April 27, 2018). 6084:The Catholic University of America 5893:Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 5856:Martinez, Angel (April 28, 2022). 5736:Agnote, Dario (October 11, 2017). 5633:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 33. 5514: 4732:List of museums in the Philippines 4304:Public holidays in the Philippines 3486:Darangen epic chant of the Maranao 3420:is a Filipino version of the game 3280:List of traditional Filipino games 2750:(vegetable stew), pinapaitan, and 2545:is also found in the Philippines. 2363:Catholic Church in the Philippines 2267:Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos 1842:style of carving and ornamentation 1500:. Most Visayan lowland women wear 564:. It is the world's fifth largest 50: 25: 7881: 7831: 7779: 7269:. Lawphil.net. December 11, 2009. 7212:Conde, Carlos H. (May 31, 2005). 6884:A Handbook of Philippine Folklore 5887:Eder, James F. (September 1990). 4781:from the original on June 8, 2014 3771:, religious or cultural rituals, 3574:of 20th century Quezon city, the 3341:One traditional Filipino game is 3181:and Renato Naranja in chess, and 3051:world boxing champion in history. 2881:Western fast food chains such as 2177:, or a 200-man choir. During the 943:), and commercial relationships. 898:and each of the remaining 134 is 7837: 7773: 7755: 7675: 7648: 7590: 7563: 7538: 7513: 7488: 7458: 7428: 7399: 6958:Almocera, Reuel (May 25, 1990). 6881:Lopez, Mellie Leandicho (2006). 6606:"Aenet: Philippine Film History" 5738:"A glimmer of hope for castoffs" 5159:. WorldAtlas.com. Archived from 4637: 3787:and various games and contests. 3769:theatrical play and reenactments 3742:, originated dating back to the 3566:healing practices and belief of 3544:Between 2015 and 2017, UNESCO's 2596: 2585: 2574: 2563: 2367:Protestantism in the Philippines 1785:, a technique combining ancient 1743:peoples of Mindanao such as the 1508:pattern, hence getting the name 1422: 1404: 1386: 1368: 1350: 1332: 1237:Renaissance Revival architecture 1079:Santo Tomás de Villanueva Church 585:Ethnic groups of the Philippines 532:Ethnic groups in the Philippines 327: 7369: 7338: 7320: 7259: 7109:Philippines Country Study Guide 7045: 6998:Sizoo, Edith (April 29, 2019). 6991: 6951: 6862: 6853: 6821: 6763: 6734: 6548: 6529: 6489: 6479:"Ibong Adarna in the year 2014" 6471: 6457: 6439: 6402: 6351: 6329: 6262: 6236: 6125:. Goodwill Trading Co. p. 6112: 5962: 5919: 5880: 5849: 5830: 5811:. February 2010. Archived from 5792: 5729: 5647: 5622: 5597: 5452: 5419:Moaje, Marita (March 4, 2021). 5412: 5372:Acabado, Stephen (March 2017). 5282: 5237: 5193: 5175: 5157:"Island Countries Of The World" 5107: 5089: 4744: 4648:needs additional citations for 3539:National Book Development Board 3266:(empty-handed techniques), and 3223: 2359:Christianity in the Philippines 2352: 1328:Architecture of the Philippines 980:Architecture of the Philippines 973: 7700:Yvette Collymore (June 2003). 7189:. Jollibee Inc. Archived from 6745:History of the Filipino People 6003:Social Values and Organization 5969:Enriquez, Virgilio G. (2008). 5201:"More islands, more fun in PH" 4988: 3746:when the Spaniards introduced 3400:with its name coming from the 3330:are still played primarily as 3291:, a traditional Filipino game. 3137:. Popular sport stars include 2246: 1755:is a plant closely related to 1644: 1454:Filipina in traditional attire 1099:Filipino colonial architecture 1007:, a traditional Filipino house 747:ethnic groups, which produced 593:is inhabited by more than 182 428:arrival of European colonizers 13: 1: 7784:. Ncca.gov.ph. Archived from 7241:"Saving Philippine education" 6914:"Religion in the Philippines" 6714:Grafilo, John (May 6, 2008). 6092:File dated April 8, 2000. In 4757: 3258:and in the West sometimes as 2778:(soup made from pork blood). 2678:Other popular dishes include 2277:in Filipino popular culture. 1991:Literature of the Philippines 1984: 1071:Nuestra Señora de la Asunción 1030:as the main sources of wood. 475:Dynasties of China, and even 7052:Alejandro, Reynaldo (1985). 6636:International Herald Tribune 6190:UNESCO World Heritage Centre 6008:Philippines: A Country Study 5132:Philippines: a country study 3676:Festivals of the Philippines 3669: 3472:Intangible cultural heritage 3306:Traditional Philippine games 2923:Education in the Philippines 2916: 2139:(Street scenes). Meanwhile, 1123:Spanish Baroque architecture 1117:and in the historic town of 652:"Igorot people," and as the 528:Geography of the Philippines 498:. The empire ruled, via the 7: 7570:Escueta, Carla Michaela E. 7243:. mb.com.ph. Archived from 7004:. Peter Lang. p. 167. 6741:Agoncillo, Teodoro (1990). 6074:Talisayon, Serafin (1994). 5846:Accessed November 15, 2013. 4720: 4297: 3714:is held to commemorate the 2659:(meat or vegetable rolls), 2348:Religion in the Philippines 2341: 2280: 1874:on his work. In the 1980s, 1697:who are well known for the 1601:this would later be called 1055:UNESCO World Heritage Sites 921:, was established in 1975. 888:Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino 522:Geography and ethnic groups 10: 7886: 7860:Culture of the Philippines 7844:Culture of the Philippines 7466:"NCCA History and Mandate" 7163:Public Radio International 6937:Graduate Theological Union 6795:Alice., Guillermo (2001). 6657:February 14, 2009, at the 6359:"House of Representatives" 6119:Salvan, George S. (2005). 5490:Canave-Dioquino, Corazon. 5347:"Who are the Moro people?" 4301: 4100:Koronadal, South Cotabato 4034:Calapan, Oriental Mindoro 3673: 3632: 3482:Hudhud chant of the Ifugao 3464:word for 'uncircumcised', 3435: 3371:, being used as a form of 3277: 3239: 3216:, swimming, table tennis, 3017: 2943:, was established in 1611. 2920: 2805:(rice cake with butter or 2552: 2548: 2421: 2415: 2356: 2345: 2289: 2250: 2150:(Country Maiden) in 1919. 2108: 1988: 1932: 1890: 1886: 1648: 1443: 983: 977: 966: 928: 910: 812: 556:The cultural diversity of 525: 481:Indirect cultural exchange 411:History of the Philippines 408: 404: 372:culture of the Philippines 43:Culture of the Philippines 7865:Culture of Southeast Asia 7348:The Cockfight: A Casebook 7187:"The Jollibee Phenomenon" 7078:Civitello, Linda (2011). 6770:Schumacher, John (1997). 6521:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 6427:Francisco Alzina (1668). 5940:10.1515/9780823299607-028 5932:Filipinx American Studies 5905:10.1017/s0022463400003416 5842:October 28, 2013, at the 5658:. Routledge. p. 93. 5629:Gambe, Annabelle (2000). 5390:10.1007/s10761-016-0342-9 4998:Immigration and Migration 4876:Jocano, F. Landa (2003). 4840:Jocano, F. Landa (2001). 4629:Heritage towns and cities 4525:Date (Gregorian Calendar) 4343:Date (Gregorian Calendar) 4226: 4155: 4104: 4087:Puerto Princesa, Palawan 4056: 4005: 3958: 3911: 3866: 3842:Cadiz, Negros Occidental 3803: 3528:February 1, 2018, at the 3494:Tugging Rituals and Games 3448:World Health Organization 3020:Sports in the Philippines 2937:University of Santo Tomas 2516: 2412:Indigenous folk religions 2111:Cinema of the Philippines 2051:during his imprisonment. 1778:The Kutkut art from Samar 1526:-shell and silver Salakot 1214:Neoclassical architecture 1103:Filipino baroque churches 1013:Austronesian architecture 924: 642:Cordillera Mountain Range 7313:August 27, 2007, at the 6935:(ThD). Berkley, Calif}: 6931:Cajes, Prisco A (2001). 5524:Tan, Antonio S. (1986). 5289:Exclusive Economic Zones 4737: 4188:Borongan, Eastern Samar 3500:, tugging ritual of the 2606:Top to bottom: Filipino 2500: 2452:A performer depicting a 2440:shaman offering pigs to 1935:Music in the Philippines 1928: 1921:poles are arranged in a 1073:(Santa María) Church in 500:Viceroyalty of New Spain 7737:ILPS Information Bureau 7328:"Mancala Games /Sungka" 7055:The Philippine cookbook 7025:Carolyn Brewer (2004). 6652:RP Movie Industry Dying 4771:"About the Philippines" 4616:Bisperás ng Bagong Taón 4560:People Power Revolution 4540:Bagong Taong Pang Tsino 3744:Spanish colonial period 2959:, and its neighbouring 2135:(Bridge of Spain), and 2000:Noli Me Tángere (novel) 1880:ama ng makabayan pintor 1831:are skillfully carved. 962: 574:exclusive economic zone 546:Maritime Southeast Asia 453:Maritime Southeast Asia 34:Part of a series on the 7151:July 23, 2011, at the 7141:June 16, 2011, at the 6060:July 20, 2011, at the 5542:10.3406/arch.1986.2316 5425:Philippine News Agency 5276:databank.worldbank.org 4727:Art of the Philippines 4332: 4318: 3735: 3718: 3703: 3687: 3602: 3570:(living water) of the 3514:March 1, 2018, at the 3302: 3292: 3237: 3052: 3037: 3034:Smart Araneta Coliseum 2944: 2457: 2445: 2380: 2375:Original image of the 2302:Philippine epic poetry 2297:Philippine mythologies 2206: 2002: 1946: 1902: 1843: 1779: 1674: 1630: 1527: 1482: 1462:of Luzon Prior to the 1455: 1304: 1008: 969:Art of the Philippines 827:ethnolinguistic groups 809: 595:ethnolinguistic groups 552:Influence of geography 541: 380:Philippine archipelago 376:multiple ethnic groups 55: 7743:on September 28, 2007 7345:Dundes, Alan (1994). 7280:Mga Larong Kinagisnan 7155:. Accessed July 2011. 7136:"Philippine Cuisine." 6542:newsinfo.inquirer.net 6319:"The Batanes Islands" 5069:Woods, Damon (2017). 5037:"Pre-colonial Manila" 4451:National Heroes' Day 4324: 4311: 3724: 3709: 3693: 3683: 3600: 3298: 3287: 3242:Filipino martial arts 3231: 3043: 3027: 3014:Sports and recreation 2934: 2774:(sweet sausage), and 2451: 2435: 2422:Further information: 2374: 2269:- and the subsequent 2251:Further information: 2192: 2047:. Balagtas wrote the 2045:Philippine literature 1998: 1942: 1900: 1878:, popularly known as 1838:Old Senate Hall with 1837: 1777: 1666: 1628: 1522: 1480: 1453: 1295: 1278:and other prosperous 1001: 795: 770:Philippine Revolution 745:Austronesian-speaking 539: 409:Further information: 314:Sport and martial art 54: 7870:Austronesian culture 7846:at Wikimedia Commons 7769:. November 22, 2015. 7708:on February 16, 2007 7655:Picache, Cecilia V. 7578:on December 26, 2019 7290:on November 6, 2007) 7247:on February 10, 2009 6298:on December 28, 2009 5818:on February 25, 2023 5654:Folk, Brian (2003). 5260:. September 1, 2016. 5233:. February 12, 2016. 4808:Scott, William Henry 4657:improve this article 4601:Araw ng mga Kaluluwa 4571:Araw ni Ninoy Aquino 4083:Pista Y Ang Kagueban 3895:Iloilo and Guimaras 3177:in ten-pin bowling, 3171:Francisco Bustamante 2819:(powder candy), and 2801:(white rice cakes), 2797:, and sweet beans), 2493:, and the Maranao's 2468:Philippine mythology 2424:Philippine mythology 2292:Philippine mythology 2286:Philippine mythology 2127:(Manila landscape), 2016:Philippine languages 2014:, or any indigenous 1864:Jhurgen D. C. Pascua 1672:Jose Honorato Lozano 1440:Traditional clothing 1340:Vega Ancestral House 1252:that is not a church 1043:Spanish architecture 757:Filipino nationalism 729:Spanish colonial era 154:Fashion and clothing 7826:on October 5, 2011. 7597:Respicio, Norma A. 7300:Mga Larong Pilipino 6665:. January 15, 2006. 6661:. Vanzi, Sol Jose. 6634:. Conde, Carlos H. 6390:on October 18, 2018 6363:www.congress.gov.ph 5544:– via Persée. 5461:"Lumad in Mindanao" 5163:on December 7, 2017 4775:UNDP in Philippines 4711:World Heritage List 4358:Araw ng Bagong Taon 4291:Dasmariñas, Cavite 3977:San Jose, Batangas 3940:Licab, Nueva Ecija 3652:permanent residents 3446:. According to the 3189:is a powerhouse in 2903:Goldilocks Bakeshop 2700:(roasted peanuts), 2271:human rights abuses 2263:Propaganda Movement 2253:Propaganda Movement 2223:Sampaguita Pictures 2202:(1939), along with 2179:Japanese occupation 1979:Filipino folk music 1870:used realities and 1321:World Heritage Site 1194:American occupation 919:Filipino psychology 913:Filipino psychology 907:Filipino psychology 654:Cordilleran peoples 485:Indian subcontinent 461:Sultanate of Brunei 185:Cultural Properties 126:Arts and literature 7767:Inquirer Lifestyle 7687:Inquirer Lifestyle 7663:on August 25, 2019 7415:Harvard University 7334:on April 11, 2007. 7219:The New York Times 6451:www.sinfonia.or.jp 6325:on April 19, 2015. 6090:on April 17, 2016. 5709:Applied Biosystems 5604:Chua, Amy (2003). 4914:Asian Perspectives 4447:Araw ng mga Bayani 4419:Araw ng Manggagawa 4405:Araw ng Kagitingan 4333: 4319: 3987:Negros Occidental 3852:San Pablo, Laguna 3736: 3719: 3704: 3688: 3603: 3412:, who traveled to 3303: 3293: 3238: 3147:Francisco Guilledo 3114:are also popular. 3053: 3038: 2977:senior high school 2969:junior high school 2945: 2809:and salted eggs), 2789:(crushed ice with 2526:Vajrayana Buddhism 2458: 2446: 2381: 2377:Santo Niño de Cebú 2213:During the 1960s, 2207: 2137:Escenas Callejeras 2125:Panorama de Manila 2116:Salón de Pertierra 2077:The Reign of Greed 2035:Francisco Balagtas 2003: 1947: 1903: 1844: 1780: 1727:make jewelry from 1675: 1631: 1622:reduced its size. 1528: 1483: 1456: 1305: 1127:Earthquake Baroque 1059:San Agustín Church 1009: 994:Earthquake Baroque 810: 788:Indigenous peoples 782:Japanese Filipinos 774:American Filipinos 714:Hiligaynon/Ilonggo 562:archipelagic state 542: 334:Philippines portal 195:Historical markers 96:indigenous peoples 56: 18:Philippine culture 7842:Media related to 7636:on April 25, 2018 7605:on April 17, 2019 7440:Channel News Asia 7406:Brtjes, Charles. 7362:978-0-299-14054-0 7317:on June 28, 2014) 7119:978-1-4330-3970-6 7091:978-1-118-09875-2 7065:978-0-399-51144-8 7038:978-0-7546-3437-9 7011:978-90-5201-670-2 6968:on March 27, 2019 6894:978-971-542-514-8 6838:978-971-550-373-0 6806:978-971-542-167-6 6642:on April 1, 2007) 6501:Etravel Pilipinas 6250:on April 21, 2017 6229:978-1-74104-289-4 6163:978-1-884964-04-6 6136:978-971-12-0262-0 6105:978-1-56518-040-6 6051:Hallig, Jason V. 6038:978-1-74104-289-4 6031:. Lonely Planet. 5980:978-971-542-588-9 5949:978-0-8232-9960-7 5868:on April 29, 2022 5780:on March 24, 2023 5692:978-0-295-80026-4 5665:978-1-138-81107-2 5640:978-0-312-23496-6 5615:978-0-385-72186-8 5590:978-0-295-80026-4 5459:Ulindang, Faina. 5142:978-0-8444-0748-7 5082:978-971-542-821-7 5012:978-1-4381-0901-5 4689: 4688: 4681: 4626: 4625: 4586:Araw ng mga Santo 4531:English language 4528:Filipino language 4515: 4514: 4475:Bisperás ng Pasko 4460:Araw ni Bonifacio 4438:Independence Day 4349:English language 4346:Filipino language 4295: 4294: 4278:Victoria, Laguna 3916:Pintados de Passi 3696:MassKara Festival 3635:Overseas Filipino 3629:Filipino diaspora 3387:Antonio Pigafetta 3334:among the youth. 3232:A grandmaster of 3202:Palarong Pambansa 3175:Rafael Nepomuceno 3151:Paulino Alcántara 3006:, and US$ 852 in 2947:Education in the 2716:(bread of salt), 2506:Islamic mythology 2390:Christian beliefs 2183:Philippine cinema 2131:(Quiapo Fiesta), 2073:The Filibustering 2068:El Filibusterismo 2040:Florante at Laura 1944:Harana (serenade) 1876:Odd Arthur Hansen 1856:Lorenzo Miguelito 1850:painters such as 1535:Asian conical hat 1235:is an example of 1187:Zamboanga del Sur 886:According to the 784:, and many more. 749:Filipino Mestizos 741:Spanish Filipinos 737:Chinese Filipinos 448:Sultanate of Sulu 387:national identity 368: 367: 16:(Redirected from 7877: 7841: 7827: 7825: 7818: 7798: 7797: 7795: 7793: 7788:on July 19, 2018 7777: 7771: 7770: 7759: 7753: 7752: 7750: 7748: 7728: 7722: 7721: 7715: 7713: 7697: 7691: 7690: 7689:. April 9, 2018. 7679: 7673: 7672: 7670: 7668: 7659:. Archived from 7652: 7646: 7645: 7643: 7641: 7632:. Archived from 7626: 7615: 7614: 7612: 7610: 7601:. Archived from 7594: 7588: 7587: 7585: 7583: 7574:. Archived from 7567: 7561: 7560: 7558: 7556: 7542: 7536: 7535: 7533: 7531: 7517: 7511: 7510: 7508: 7506: 7492: 7486: 7485: 7483: 7481: 7476:on July 12, 2017 7472:. Archived from 7462: 7456: 7455: 7453: 7451: 7446:on June 20, 2019 7432: 7426: 7425: 7424:on July 4, 2007. 7423: 7417:. Archived from 7412: 7403: 7397: 7391: 7385: 7384: 7373: 7367: 7366: 7342: 7336: 7335: 7330:. Archived from 7324: 7318: 7297: 7291: 7277: 7271: 7270: 7263: 7257: 7256: 7254: 7252: 7237: 7231: 7230: 7228: 7226: 7209: 7203: 7202: 7200: 7198: 7193:on June 23, 2007 7183: 7177: 7176: 7171: 7169: 7134: 7128: 7126: 7105: 7100: 7098: 7076: 7074: 7072: 7049: 7043: 7042: 7022: 7016: 7015: 6995: 6989: 6984: 6978: 6977: 6975: 6973: 6955: 6949: 6948: 6928: 6922: 6921: 6910: 6899: 6898: 6878: 6869: 6866: 6860: 6857: 6851: 6850: 6825: 6819: 6818: 6792: 6786: 6785: 6767: 6761: 6760: 6748: 6738: 6732: 6731: 6729: 6727: 6711: 6702: 6701: 6690: 6684: 6683: 6672: 6666: 6649: 6643: 6629: 6618: 6617: 6615: 6613: 6602: 6593: 6592: 6590: 6588: 6577: 6571: 6564: 6558: 6552: 6546: 6545: 6533: 6527: 6526: 6520: 6512: 6510: 6508: 6493: 6487: 6486: 6475: 6469: 6468: 6461: 6455: 6454: 6443: 6437: 6436: 6424: 6418: 6417: 6416:on May 26, 2011. 6412:. Archived from 6406: 6400: 6399: 6397: 6395: 6380: 6374: 6373: 6371: 6369: 6355: 6349: 6348: 6346: 6344: 6333: 6327: 6326: 6314: 6308: 6307: 6305: 6303: 6294:. Archived from 6284: 6278: 6277: 6266: 6260: 6259: 6257: 6255: 6240: 6234: 6233: 6217: 6207: 6201: 6200: 6198: 6196: 6181: 6175: 6174: 6172: 6170: 6147: 6141: 6140: 6116: 6110: 6109: 6091: 6086:. Archived from 6071: 6065: 6049: 6043: 6042: 6030: 6020: 6011: 5999: 5993: 5992: 5966: 5960: 5959: 5958: 5956: 5923: 5917: 5916: 5884: 5878: 5877: 5875: 5873: 5864:. Archived from 5853: 5847: 5834: 5828: 5827: 5825: 5823: 5817: 5804: 5796: 5790: 5789: 5787: 5785: 5776:. Archived from 5764: 5758: 5757: 5755: 5753: 5744:. Archived from 5733: 5727: 5726: 5724: 5722: 5713:. Archived from 5703: 5697: 5696: 5676: 5670: 5669: 5651: 5645: 5644: 5626: 5620: 5619: 5601: 5595: 5594: 5574: 5565: 5564: 5563:on May 16, 2021. 5552: 5546: 5545: 5521: 5512: 5511: 5509: 5507: 5487: 5481: 5480: 5478: 5476: 5467:. Archived from 5456: 5450: 5447: 5441: 5440: 5438: 5436: 5431:on March 5, 2021 5427:. Archived from 5416: 5410: 5409: 5369: 5358: 5357: 5355: 5353: 5342: 5336: 5335: 5333: 5331: 5325: 5318: 5309: 5292: 5286: 5280: 5279: 5268: 5262: 5261: 5254: 5248: 5241: 5235: 5234: 5227: 5221: 5220: 5218: 5216: 5211:on June 20, 2018 5197: 5191: 5190: 5179: 5173: 5172: 5170: 5168: 5153: 5147: 5146: 5126: 5120: 5119: 5114:Balinski, Alex. 5111: 5105: 5104: 5103:on July 1, 2012. 5093: 5087: 5086: 5066: 5057: 5056: 5054: 5052: 5047:on March 9, 2016 5033: 5024: 5023: 5021: 5019: 4992: 4986: 4985: 4983: 4981: 4959: 4953: 4952: 4935:Jocano, F. Landa 4931: 4922: 4921: 4909: 4900: 4899: 4873: 4864: 4863: 4837: 4828: 4827: 4804: 4791: 4790: 4788: 4786: 4767: 4751: 4748: 4684: 4677: 4673: 4670: 4664: 4641: 4633: 4576:Ninoy Aquino Day 4545:Chinese New Year 4536:January–February 4522: 4521: 4518:Special holidays 4433:Araw ng Kalayaan 4340: 4339: 4336:Regular holidays 4255:Negros Oriental 4145:Sabutan Festival 4042:Antipolo, Rizal 3790: 3789: 3726:Pahiyas Festival 3712:Sinulog Festival 3518:, published the 3432:Rites of passage 3402:Ilocano language 3373:illegal gambling 3332:children's games 2985:Catholic schools 2740:(ox-tail stew), 2600: 2589: 2578: 2567: 2555:Filipino cuisine 2489:, the Ilocano's 2204:Fernando Poe Sr. 2133:Puente de España 2129:Fiesta de Quiapo 2105:Cinema and media 2075:, also known as 1975:Filipino hip hop 1893:Philippine dance 1701:dragons and the 1668:Letras y figuras 1616:Traje de Mestiza 1426: 1408: 1390: 1376:Aguinaldo Shrine 1372: 1354: 1344:Misamis Oriental 1336: 1301:Manila Cathedral 1253: 778:Indian Filipinos 516:English language 399:global community 360: 353: 346: 331: 260: 44: 35: 29: 28: 21: 7885: 7884: 7880: 7879: 7878: 7876: 7875: 7874: 7850: 7849: 7834: 7823: 7816: 7806: 7804:Further reading 7801: 7791: 7789: 7778: 7774: 7761: 7760: 7756: 7746: 7744: 7729: 7725: 7711: 7709: 7698: 7694: 7681: 7680: 7676: 7666: 7664: 7653: 7649: 7639: 7637: 7628: 7627: 7618: 7608: 7606: 7595: 7591: 7581: 7579: 7568: 7564: 7554: 7552: 7544: 7543: 7539: 7529: 7527: 7519: 7518: 7514: 7504: 7502: 7494: 7493: 7489: 7479: 7477: 7464: 7463: 7459: 7449: 7447: 7434: 7433: 7429: 7421: 7410: 7404: 7400: 7392: 7388: 7375: 7374: 7370: 7363: 7343: 7339: 7326: 7325: 7321: 7315:Wayback Machine 7298: 7294: 7284:Wayback Machine 7278: 7274: 7265: 7264: 7260: 7250: 7248: 7239: 7238: 7234: 7224: 7222: 7210: 7206: 7196: 7194: 7185: 7184: 7180: 7167: 7165: 7153:Wayback Machine 7146:Balitapinoy.net 7143:Wayback Machine 7124: 7122: 7120: 7106: 7096: 7094: 7092: 7070: 7068: 7066: 7050: 7046: 7039: 7023: 7019: 7012: 6996: 6992: 6985: 6981: 6971: 6969: 6956: 6952: 6929: 6925: 6912: 6911: 6902: 6895: 6879: 6872: 6867: 6863: 6858: 6854: 6839: 6827: 6826: 6822: 6807: 6793: 6789: 6782: 6768: 6764: 6757: 6739: 6735: 6725: 6723: 6722:on May 24, 2011 6712: 6705: 6692: 6691: 6687: 6674: 6673: 6669: 6659:Wayback Machine 6650: 6646: 6630: 6621: 6611: 6609: 6604: 6603: 6596: 6586: 6584: 6579: 6578: 6574: 6565: 6561: 6553: 6549: 6534: 6530: 6514: 6513: 6506: 6504: 6495: 6494: 6490: 6477: 6476: 6472: 6463: 6462: 6458: 6445: 6444: 6440: 6425: 6421: 6408: 6407: 6403: 6393: 6391: 6382: 6381: 6377: 6367: 6365: 6357: 6356: 6352: 6342: 6340: 6339:. Senate.gov.ph 6335: 6334: 6330: 6315: 6311: 6301: 6299: 6288:"Main Building" 6286: 6285: 6281: 6268: 6267: 6263: 6253: 6251: 6242: 6241: 6237: 6230: 6208: 6204: 6194: 6192: 6182: 6178: 6168: 6166: 6164: 6148: 6144: 6137: 6117: 6113: 6106: 6072: 6068: 6062:Wayback Machine 6050: 6046: 6039: 6021: 6014: 6000: 5996: 5981: 5967: 5963: 5954: 5952: 5950: 5924: 5920: 5885: 5881: 5871: 5869: 5862:CNN Philippines 5854: 5850: 5844:Wayback Machine 5835: 5831: 5821: 5819: 5815: 5802: 5798: 5797: 5793: 5783: 5781: 5766: 5765: 5761: 5751: 5749: 5748:on June 7, 2011 5742:The Japan Times 5734: 5730: 5720: 5718: 5717:on May 25, 2017 5705: 5704: 5700: 5693: 5677: 5673: 5666: 5652: 5648: 5641: 5627: 5623: 5616: 5602: 5598: 5591: 5575: 5568: 5553: 5549: 5522: 5515: 5505: 5503: 5488: 5484: 5474: 5472: 5457: 5453: 5448: 5444: 5434: 5432: 5417: 5413: 5370: 5361: 5351: 5349: 5343: 5339: 5329: 5327: 5323: 5316: 5310: 5295: 5287: 5283: 5270: 5269: 5265: 5256: 5255: 5251: 5242: 5238: 5229: 5228: 5224: 5214: 5212: 5205:CNN Philippines 5199: 5198: 5194: 5189:. May 13, 2013. 5181: 5180: 5176: 5166: 5164: 5155: 5154: 5150: 5143: 5127: 5123: 5112: 5108: 5095: 5094: 5090: 5083: 5067: 5060: 5050: 5048: 5035: 5034: 5027: 5017: 5015: 5013: 4993: 4989: 4979: 4977: 4960: 4956: 4949: 4932: 4925: 4910: 4903: 4888: 4874: 4867: 4852: 4838: 4831: 4824: 4805: 4794: 4784: 4782: 4769: 4768: 4764: 4760: 4755: 4754: 4749: 4745: 4740: 4723: 4685: 4674: 4668: 4665: 4654: 4642: 4631: 4520: 4394:Maundy Thursday 4338: 4306: 4300: 4235:Zamboanga City 4024:Lucban, Quezon 3678: 3672: 3664:underemployment 3637: 3631: 3530:Wayback Machine 3516:Wayback Machine 3474: 3440: 3434: 3282: 3276: 3244: 3226: 3165:in basketball, 3163:Ramon Fernandez 3159:Robert Jaworski 3131:ten-pin bowling 3080:ten-pin bowling 3022: 3016: 3002:, US$ 3,728 in 2929: 2921:Main articles: 2919: 2793:, flan, sliced 2791:evaporated milk 2633: 2632: 2631: 2630: 2603: 2602: 2601: 2592: 2591: 2590: 2581: 2580: 2579: 2570: 2569: 2568: 2557: 2551: 2519: 2503: 2430: 2420: 2414: 2369: 2357:Main articles: 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6979: 6950: 6923: 6900: 6893: 6870: 6861: 6852: 6837: 6820: 6805: 6787: 6780: 6762: 6755: 6733: 6703: 6685: 6667: 6644: 6619: 6594: 6583:. philnews.com 6572: 6559: 6547: 6528: 6488: 6470: 6456: 6438: 6419: 6401: 6375: 6350: 6328: 6309: 6279: 6261: 6235: 6228: 6202: 6176: 6162: 6142: 6135: 6111: 6104: 6066: 6044: 6037: 6012: 5994: 5979: 5961: 5948: 5918: 5899:(2): 449–450. 5879: 5848: 5829: 5791: 5759: 5728: 5698: 5691: 5671: 5664: 5646: 5639: 5621: 5614: 5596: 5589: 5566: 5547: 5513: 5482: 5471:on May 7, 2021 5451: 5442: 5411: 5359: 5337: 5326:on May 8, 2020 5293: 5281: 5263: 5249: 5236: 5222: 5192: 5187:United Nations 5174: 5148: 5141: 5121: 5106: 5088: 5081: 5058: 5025: 5011: 4987: 4954: 4947: 4923: 4901: 4886: 4865: 4850: 4829: 4822: 4792: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4753: 4752: 4742: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4735: 4734: 4729: 4722: 4719: 4687: 4686: 4645: 4643: 4636: 4630: 4627: 4624: 4623: 4621:New Year's Eve 4618: 4613: 4609: 4608: 4606:All Souls' Day 4603: 4598: 4594: 4593: 4591:All Saints Day 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4491: 4490:Araw ng Pasko 4488: 4485: 4484: 4481: 4480:Christmas Eve 4478: 4476: 4473: 4470: 4469: 4466: 4465:Bonifacio Day 4463: 4461: 4458: 4455: 4454: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4442: 4441: 4437: 4435: 4434: 4430: 4427: 4426: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4414: 4413: 4409: 4407: 4406: 4402: 4399: 4398: 4395: 4391: 4387: 4384: 4382: 4381:Huwebes Santo 4378: 4374: 4373:Mahal na Araw 4371: 4368: 4367: 4364: 4361: 4359: 4356: 4353: 4352: 4348: 4345: 4342: 4341: 4331: 4327: 4323: 4316: 4315: 4310: 4305: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4282: 4281: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4269: 4268: 4264: 4262: 4259: 4258: 4254: 4252: 4249: 4248: 4244: 4242: 4239: 4238: 4234: 4232: 4229: 4225: 4222: 4219: 4217: 4214: 4213: 4210: 4207: 4205: 4202: 4201: 4198:Surigao City 4197: 4195: 4192: 4191: 4187: 4185: 4182: 4181: 4177: 4175: 4172: 4171: 4168: 4165: 4163: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4151: 4150:Baler, Aurora 4148: 4146: 4143: 4142: 4139: 4136: 4134: 4131: 4130: 4127: 4124: 4122: 4121: 4117: 4116: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4103: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4091: 4090: 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The 3184: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3156: 3153:in football, 3152: 3148: 3144: 3140: 3136: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3115: 3113: 3109: 3105: 3101: 3097: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3081: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3035: 3031: 3026: 3021: 3011: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2996: 2994: 2989: 2986: 2980: 2978: 2974: 2970: 2966: 2962: 2958: 2954: 2953:United States 2950: 2942: 2939:, located in 2938: 2933: 2928: 2924: 2914: 2912: 2908: 2904: 2900: 2896: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2879: 2877: 2876: 2871: 2870: 2866:(soy sauce), 2865: 2864: 2859: 2858: 2853: 2852: 2847: 2842: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2823: 2818: 2817: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2800: 2796: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2779: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2768: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2754: 2749: 2745: 2744: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2726: 2721: 2720: 2715: 2714: 2709: 2705: 2704: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2690: 2685: 2681: 2676: 2674: 2673: 2668: 2664: 2663: 2658: 2657: 2652: 2651: 2644: 2642: 2638: 2629: 2628: 2623: 2622: 2617: 2616: 2611: 2610: 2599: 2588: 2577: 2566: 2556: 2546: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2527: 2523: 2514: 2512: 2507: 2498: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2479: 2477: 2473: 2469: 2464: 2462: 2455: 2450: 2444:spirits, 1922 2443: 2439: 2434: 2429: 2425: 2419: 2409: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2378: 2373: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2349: 2339: 2337: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2324: 2320: 2315: 2314: 2309: 2308: 2303: 2298: 2293: 2278: 2276: 2272: 2268: 2264: 2258: 2254: 2244: 2241: 2237: 2234: 2230: 2228: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2211: 2205: 2201: 2200: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2173:, a piano, a 2172: 2168: 2167:silent movies 2164: 2160: 2156: 2151: 2149: 2148: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2121:Antonio Ramos 2117: 2112: 2102: 2100: 2095: 2094: 2088: 2086: 2085:Pedro Paterno 2082: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2069: 2064: 2060: 2059: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2041: 2036: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2019: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2001: 1997: 1992: 1982: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1971:Filipino rock 1967: 1965: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1945: 1941: 1936: 1926: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1899: 1894: 1884: 1881: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1865: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1852:Haagen Hansen 1849: 1841: 1836: 1832: 1830: 1829: 1824: 1820: 1819: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1776: 1772: 1770: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1721: 1720: 1715: 1714:woven fabrics 1710: 1706: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1688: 1683: 1681: 1680:Manunggul Jar 1673: 1669: 1665: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1642: 1638: 1636: 1627: 1623: 1621: 1617: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1596: 1595: 1590: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1576:tortoiseshell 1573: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1493: 1488: 1479: 1475: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1452: 1447: 1434: 1431: 1425: 1420: 1417: 1413: 1407: 1402: 1399: 1395: 1389: 1384: 1381: 1377: 1371: 1366: 1363: 1359: 1353: 1348: 1345: 1341: 1335: 1330: 1327: 1326: 1325: 1322: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1302: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1288: 1283: 1281: 1277: 1276:Negros Island 1273: 1272:Central Luzon 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1225: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1190: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1107:Bahay na bato 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1016: 1014: 1006: 1005: 1004:Bahay na bato 1000: 995: 991: 987: 981: 970: 960: 956: 954: 950: 944: 942: 938: 932: 922: 920: 914: 901: 897: 893: 889: 885: 883: 882: 877: 873: 869: 865: 864: 859: 858: 853: 849: 848: 842: 839: 835: 834:Austronesians 830: 828: 824: 816: 807: 803: 799: 794: 785: 783: 779: 775: 771: 767: 764: 763: 758: 754: 750: 746: 742: 738: 734: 730: 725: 723: 719: 715: 711: 707: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 671: 670:Christianized 665: 663: 659: 655: 651: 647: 643: 638: 635:About 142 of 633: 631: 627: 623: 619: 615: 610: 608: 604: 600: 596: 592: 582: 579: 578:ethnic groups 575: 571: 567: 563: 559: 549: 547: 538: 533: 529: 519: 517: 513: 512:United States 509: 505: 501: 497: 492: 490: 486: 482: 478: 474: 470: 466: 462: 458: 454: 449: 445: 441: 437: 433: 429: 424: 422: 421:Austronesians 418: 412: 402: 400: 396: 392: 388: 385: 381: 377: 373: 361: 356: 354: 349: 347: 342: 341: 339: 338: 335: 330: 326: 325: 320: 317: 315: 312: 310: 307: 305: 302: 300: 297: 295: 292: 290: 287: 285: 282: 280: 277: 275: 272: 270: 267: 266: 265: 264: 261: 256: 255: 250: 247: 243: 240: 239: 238: 235: 233: 230: 226: 223: 221: 218: 216: 213: 211: 208: 206: 203: 202: 201: 198: 196: 193: 191: 188: 186: 183: 181: 178: 177: 176: 175: 171: 170: 165: 162: 160: 157: 155: 152: 150: 147: 145: 142: 140: 137: 135: 132: 131: 130: 129: 125: 124: 119: 116: 114: 111: 109: 106: 104: 101: 97: 94: 92: 91:ethnic groups 89: 88: 87: 84: 80: 79:sign language 77: 76: 75: 72: 70: 67: 66: 65: 64: 60: 59: 53: 49: 48: 45: 40: 39: 36: 31: 30: 27: 19: 7821:the original 7812: 7790:. 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