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In the late 19th century, pewter came back into fashion with the revival of medieval objects for decoration. New replicas of medieval pewter objects were created, and collected for decoration. Today, pewter is used in decorative objects, mainly collectible statuettes and figurines, game figures,
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caused a decline in the use of pewter flatware. At the same time, production increased of both cast and spun pewter tea sets, whale-oil lamps, candlesticks, and so on. Later in the century, pewter alloys were often used as a base metal for
160:. Mass production of pottery, porcelain and glass products have almost universally replaced pewter in daily life, although pewter artifacts continue to be produced, mainly as decorative or specialty items. Pewter was also used around
152:, but it is unlikely that this was the first use of the material. Pewter was used for decorative metal items and tableware in ancient times by the Egyptians and later the Romans, and came into extensive use in Europe from the
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until the various developments in pottery and glass-making during the 18th and 19th centuries. Pewter was the chief material for producing plates, cups, and bowls until the making of
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has a darker, silver-gray color. Pewters containing lead are no longer used in items that will come in contact with the human body (such as cups, plates, or jewelry), due to
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280:. Modern pewters are available that are completely free of lead, although many pewters containing lead are still being produced for other purposes.
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may be the most familiar pewter artifacts from the late 17th and 18th centuries, although the metal was also used for many other items including
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aircraft and other models, (replica) coins, pendants, plated jewellery and so on. Certain athletic contests, such as the
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179:(shallow bowls), plates, dishes, basins, spoons, measures, flagons, communion cups, teapots, sugar bowls,
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655:"LN2 demos: Pewter bell and spring, color change tube, LN2 cannon. | Lecture Demonstrations"
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is used for any of various alloys of aluminium that are used for decorative items.
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Pewter, being a softer material, can be manipulated in various ways such as being
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Detail on a pewter fork handle from Norway, showing three scenes: King
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A typical
European casting alloy contains 94% tin, 1% copper and 5%
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hardens it and enables it to ring, but also makes it more brittle.
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563:"Pewter: What It Is, Properties, Importance, Uses, and Advantages"
183:(tankards), and cream jugs. In the early 19th century, changes in
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Pewter is also used to imitate platinum in costume jewelry.
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589:. Another Day In Paradise. December 2000. Archived from
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Given that pewter is soft at room temperature, a pewter
507:"Competitive Figure Skating FAQ: Rules and Regulations"
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141:. The earliest known piece of pewter was found in an
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740:An etymological dictionary of the English language
133:Pewter was first used around the beginning of the
200:, award pewter medals to fourth-place finishers.
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125:alloys (originally a colloquial name for zinc).
491:. gauk Auctions. 14 April 2015. Archived from
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675:"A Roman Pewter Hoard from Appleford, Berks"
587:"Handcast Aluminum Pewter – Hecho en Mexico"
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198:United States Figure Skating Championships
109:, is not made with lead. Pewter has a low
27:Alloy primarily of tin, used for metalware
696:The Grove encyclopedia of decorative arts
101:. In the past it was an alloy of tin and
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495:on 14 April 2015 – via archive.vn.
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509:. www.frogsonice.com. Archived from
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164:. Although some items still exist,
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743:(second ed.), Clarendon Press
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489:"How to Identify Pewter Marks"
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171:Lidless mugs and lidded
1311:Nickel silver (alpacca)
779:Encyclopædia Britannica
701:Oxford University Press
390:"Pewter Casting Alloys"
89:(approximately 5–10%),
782:(11th ed.). 1911.
717:Hull, Charles (1992),
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1652:Other natural objects
723:, Osprey Publishing,
673:Brown, David (1973).
388:Richardson, Kathryn.
248:Pewter cream pitcher
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1127:Wire wrapped jewelry
1107:Repoussé and chasing
466:– The Pewter Society
278:the toxicity of lead
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1117:Stonesetting
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638:. Retrieved
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595:. Retrieved
591:the original
581:
570:. Retrieved
566:
557:
546:. Retrieved
539:the original
526:
515:. Retrieved
511:the original
501:
493:the original
483:
476:Brown (1973)
471:
459:
454:, p. 4.
437:Skeat (1893)
432:
420:
411:
402:
393:
383:
364:Spin casting
335:
321:, hammered,
316:
308:
303:
301:
282:
263:
224:Pewter plate
194:
170:
132:
114:
42:
41:
1716:Art jewelry
1540:Tiger's eye
1445:Labradorite
1395:Chrysocolla
1390:Chrysoberyl
1306:Mokume-gane
1283:Base metals
1055:centrifugal
1024:Silversmith
899:Ferronnière
849:Belt buckle
844:Belly chain
452:Hull (1992)
253: 1780
236:Pewter vase
212:Pewter ring
181:beer steins
154:Middle Ages
18:Pewtersmith
1805:Tin alloys
1794:Categories
1550:Tourmaline
1495:Prasiolite
1370:Aventurine
1241:Crown gold
1143:Draw plate
1092:Metal clay
1029:Watchmaker
1019:Lapidarist
1004:Clockmaker
879:Collar pin
874:Chatelaine
759:PewterBank
688:: 184–206.
682:Oxoniensia
666:References
640:2019-07-30
617:2019-07-30
597:2018-01-08
572:2023-10-29
548:2016-10-06
517:2012-10-18
313:Properties
177:porringers
135:Bronze Age
85:(85–99%),
1696:Toadstone
1633:Operculum
1560:Variscite
1555:Turquoise
1535:Tanzanite
1470:Moonstone
1465:Marcasite
1460:Malachite
1385:Carnelian
1360:Amazonite
1347:gemstones
1321:Pinchbeck
1266:Argentium
1256:Shibuichi
1197:Palladium
1176:Materials
1112:Soldering
1102:Polishing
1077:Engraving
1072:Enameling
1038:Processes
1009:Goldsmith
944:Tie chain
919:Neck ring
909:Lapel pin
818:Jewellery
302:The term
293:Singapore
274:oxidation
192:objects.
162:East Asia
158:porcelain
139:Near East
73:malleable
1764:Gemology
1738:Fineness
1729:(purity)
1664:Bog-wood
1611:Precious
1591:Ammolite
1530:Sunstone
1520:Sodalite
1515:Sapphire
1475:Obsidian
1415:Fluorite
1405:Diopside
1365:Amethyst
1345:Mineral
1336:Tungsten
1331:Titanium
1246:Electrum
1202:Platinum
1087:Kazaziye
1082:Filigree
1060:lost-wax
959:Toe ring
949:Tie clip
924:Pectoral
914:Necklace
889:Cufflink
864:Bracelet
859:Bolo tie
839:Barrette
762:Archived
632:"Pewter"
408:"Pewter"
348:See also
331:engraved
297:Thailand
289:Malaysia
285:antimony
173:tankards
143:Egyptian
87:antimony
1759:Fashion
1733:Finding
1581:Abalone
1490:Peridot
1455:Larimar
1440:Kyanite
1425:Howlite
1410:Emerald
1400:Diamond
1273:Tumbaga
1251:Shakudō
1207:Rhodium
1158:Mandrel
1097:Plating
1050:Casting
1045:Carving
954:Tie pin
929:Pendant
904:Genital
894:Earring
185:fashion
137:in the
129:History
119:spelter
95:bismuth
71:) is a
1723:(mass)
1659:Bezoar
1565:Zircon
1525:Spinel
1500:Quartz
1435:Jasper
1420:Garnet
1316:Pewter
1301:Copper
1296:Bronze
1223:alloys
1212:Silver
1163:Pliers
1153:Hammer
1065:vacuum
992:People
985:Making
969:pocket
869:Brooch
834:Anklet
727:
720:Pewter
707:
612:"FAQs"
369:Solder
323:turned
295:, and
270:copper
145:tomb,
115:pewter
99:silver
93:(2%),
91:copper
43:Pewter
1727:Carat
1721:Carat
1709:Terms
1684:Shell
1638:Pearl
1628:Nacre
1618:Ivory
1606:Black
1601:Coral
1596:Copal
1586:Amber
1545:Topaz
1504:smoky
1375:Beryl
1355:Agate
1291:Brass
1136:Tools
974:strap
964:Watch
939:Tiara
884:Crown
854:Bindi
826:Forms
678:(PDF)
635:(PDF)
542:(PDF)
535:(PDF)
375:Notes
260:Types
79:alloy
76:metal
1679:Hair
1510:Ruby
1485:Opal
1480:Onyx
1430:Jade
1192:Gold
1148:File
934:Ring
725:ISBN
705:ISBN
338:bell
329:and
327:spun
319:cast
123:zinc
103:lead
1623:Jet
1379:red
266:tin
83:tin
58:juː
1796::
776:.
754:.
703:,
686:38
684:.
680:.
565:.
444:^
410:.
392:.
333:.
325:,
291:,
250:c.
147:c.
64:ər
1506:)
1502:(
1381:)
1377:(
810:e
803:t
796:v
657:.
643:.
620:.
600:.
575:.
551:.
520:.
478:.
396:.
67:/
61:t
55:p
52:ˈ
49:/
45:(
20:)
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